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Cai L, Xiong PF, Li T, Li C, Wu ZX, Hong YL, Wang JT, Zhang MY, Yang XQ, Xu QQ, Shi H, Luo QC, Li R, Liu MM. Discovery of novel diaryl substituted isoquinolin-1(2H)-one derivatives as hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116417. [PMID: 38688063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Since synovial hypoxic microenvironment significantly promotes the pathological progress of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) has been emerged as a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic agents for RA treatment. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of diaryl substituted isoquinolin-1(2H)-one derivatives as HIF-1 signaling inhibitors using scaffold-hopping strategy. By modifying the substituents on N-atom and 6-position of isoquinolin-1-one, we discovered compound 17q with the most potent activities against HIF-1 (IC50 = 0.55 μM) in a hypoxia-reactive element (HRE) luciferase reporter assay. Further pharmacological studies revealed that 17q concentration-dependently blocked hypoxia-induced HIF-1α protein accumulation, reduced inflammation response, inhibited cellular invasiveness and promoted VHL-dependent HIF-1α degradation in human RA synovial cell line. Moreover, 17q improved the pathological injury of ankle joints, decreased angiogenesis and attenuated inflammation response in the adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model, indicating the promising therapeutic potential of compound 17q as an effective HIF-1 inhibitor for RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Peng-Fei Xiong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Chong Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Zheng-Xing Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Ya-Ling Hong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Jin-Ting Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Xi-Qin Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Qian-Qian Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Huan Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Qi-Chao Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Rong Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230026, Anhui Province, PR China.
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China.
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Feng W, Wan X, Fan S, Liu CZ, Zheng XX, Liu QP, Liu MY, Liu XB, Lin CS, Zhang LJ, Li DT, Xu Q. Mechanism underlying the action of Duanteng-Yimu Tang in regulating Treg/Th17 imbalance and anti-rheumatoid arthritis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15867. [PMID: 37206012 PMCID: PMC10189174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune disease characterised by synovitis and cartilage destruction. Currently, many patients experience poor remission after new antirheumatic drug treatments. Duanteng-Yimu Tang (DTYMT), a traditional Chinese medicine, is effective in the treatment of RA. In this research, we designed to investigate the anti-RA effects of DTYMT and explore its potential mechanisms. Methods Network pharmacology was adopted to explore the main pathways of DTYMT in patients with RA. Collagen-induced arthritis models of male DBA/1 mice were established, and their histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and micro-CT. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of Foxp3 and RORγt in the serum and synovial tissue and IL-17, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 mRNA in vivo. The proliferation and invasion of synovial cells were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assays, respectively. The ratio of T helper 17 (Th17) to regulatory T (Treg) cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Network pharmacology analysis revealed that Th17 cell differentiation may be the key pathway of DTYMT in RA. DTYMT ameliorated joint damage, inhibited RORγt expression, and increased Foxp3 expression in CIA mice. DTYMT significantly decreased IL-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α mRNA levels, and increased IL-10 mRNA levels in IL-6-induced cells. Additionally, DTYMT inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and promoted Treg cell production, thus improving the Treg/Th17 imbalance. DTYMT also inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synovial cells. Conclusions These results indicate that DTYMT could regulate the Treg/Th17 cell balance, which is a possible mechanism of DTYMT in treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xin Wan
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shirong Fan
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Cui-Zhen Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xue-Xia Zheng
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qing-Ping Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Min-Ying Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Liu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Chang-Song Lin
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Li-juan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - De-tang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qiang Xu
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Guangzhou 510405, China.
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Liu J, Zhao N, Su SH, Gao Y, Qi B. Anti-Arthritic Effect of Edaravone Against Complete Freund Adjuvant Induced Arthritis via Osteoclast Differentiation and HIF-1α-VEGF-ANG-1 Axis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:519-534. [PMID: 36845667 PMCID: PMC9946814 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s391606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone dysfunction is a crucial problem that occurs during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease. Osteoclast plays a significant role in bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation and its enhancement of bone destruction. Edaravone remarkably exhibited free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of the current investigation is to comfort the inhibitory effect of Edaravone (ED) against complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) rat model via inhibition of angiogenesis and inflammation. Methods Subcutaneous injection of CFA (1%) was used to induce arthritis; the rats were divided into different groups and received the oral administration of ED. Paw edema, body weight, and arthritis score were regularly estimated. Biochemical parameters were estimated, respectively. We also estimate the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We also checked into how ED affected the differentiation of osteoclasts utilising a co-culture system with monocytes and synovial fibroblasts in arthritis rats. Results ED treatment significantly (P<0.001) suppressed the arthritis score and paw edema and improved the body weight. ED treatment significantly (P<0.001) altered the antioxidant parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines: inflammatory mediator nuclear kappa B factor (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), respectively. Furthermore, ED treatment significantly (P<0.001) suppressed the level of ANG-1, HIF-1α, and VEGF, respectively. The results suggest that ED suppressed osteoclast differentiation and also decreased the level of cytokines and osteopontin (OPN), receptor activator for nuclear factor-κ B Ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the co-culture supernatant of monocytes and synovial fibroblasts. Conclusion Edaravone could mitigate CFA via inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammatory reactions, which may be linked with the HIF-1α-VEGF-ANG-1 axis and also enhance the bone destruction of murine arthritis via suppression of osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Micro Burn Plastic Surgery, 3201 Hospital, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Han Su
- Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Bo Qi, Department of Orthopaedics, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, 650000, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Yang G, Qiu Y. Effects of amlodipine combined with atorvastatin on Th17/Treg imbalance and vascular microcirculation in hypertensive patients with atherosclerosis: A double-blind, single-center randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32384. [PMID: 36820569 PMCID: PMC9907997 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Helper T cells 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg), as CD4+T lymphocyte subsets, play an important role in the process of atherosclerosis. However, there are few studies on the regulation and efficacy of atorvastatin combined with amlodipine on Th17/Treg balance in hypertension combined with carotid atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aims to verify the efficacy and immunomodulatory effects of atorvastatin combined with amlodipine in the treatment of hypertension combined with carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 260 patients with hypertension and carotid atherosclerosis were randomly divided into atorvastatin or combined treatment group. Inflammatory factors and Th17 and Treg levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The messenger ribonucleic acid expression of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma and forkhead spiral transcription factor were detected by real-time quantitative polymerse chain reaction. RESULTS We found that the total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The levels of whole blood high shear viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity, plasma specific viscosity and fibrin content in the 2 groups were significantly decreased after treatment, and the combined group was significantly lower than the control group (all P < .05). The improvement of endothelial function in the treatment group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (all P < .05). In addition, we found that there were statistically significant differences in Th17 percentage, Treg percentage and Treg/Th17 between the treatment group and the control group (P < .05). The messenger ribonucleic acid levels of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma and forkhead spiral transcription factor showed the same trend. Further detection of Th17-related inflammatory factors showed that the expression of interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6, IL-23 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the treatment group was significantly decreased, which was better than that in the control group (all P < .05). CONCLUSION These data indicate that amlodipine combined with atorvastatin can improve Th17/Treg imbalance, vascular endothelial function and efficacy in patients with hypertension and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Yang
- Quality Control Office, Sichuan Corps Hospital of Chinese Peoples Armed Police, Leshan, Sichuan, China
- * Correspondence: Gui Yang, Quality Control Office, Sichuan Corps Hospital of Chinese Peoples Armed Police, No. 548 East Baiyang Road, Leshan, Sichuan 614000, China (e-mail: )
| | - Youjiang Qiu
- Medical Unit, Ya ‘an Detachment of Sichuan General Corps of the Chinese Peoples Armed Police, Ya ‘an, Sichuan, China
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Liu P, Xu Y, Ye J, Tan J, Hou J, Wang Y, Li J, Cui W, Wang S, Zhao Q. Qingre Huazhuo Jiangsuan Decoction promotes autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to relieve acute gouty arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115875. [PMID: 36328206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gout belongs to the category of "arthralgia syndrome" in traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed that gout is caused by stagnation of blood stasis, heat, and turbid toxin. Qingre Huazhuo Jiangsuan Decoction (QHJD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription developed from the classic Chinese medicine prescription Simiao powder to clear heat, remove turbidity, reduce acid, and reduce inflammation. Now Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physicians often apply it to treat acute gouty arthritis (AGA). However, the mechanism of QHJD in relieving acute gouty arthritis is still unclear, and further research is needed. AIM OF THE STUDY Here, we aim to explore the potential mechanism of QHJD in relieving acute gouty arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acute gouty arthritis model was established by injecting monosodium urate (MSU) suspension into knee joint. The pathological state of synovial tissue in each group was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The level of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of NLRP3, ATG5, ATG7, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. The protein expression of LC3II/I, p62, ULK1, P-ULK1, Beclin-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, P-PI3K, P-AKT, and P-mTOR were detected by Western blot. RESULTS (1) The level of autophagy protein (mRNA) was significantly up-regulated in QHJD group and rapamycin, while the expression of autophagy protein (mRNA) was significantly downregulated in the 3-methyladenoenoic acid (3 MA) group; (2) QHJD and rapamycin significantly inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, while 3 MA group activated this pathway. (3) It was worth noting that after treatment with QHJD and rapamycin, the inflammatory pathological state of AGA synovial tissue was significantly reduced with the activation of the autophagy gene in knee synovial tissue, and the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS This research revealed that QHJD activates autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby relieving acute gouty arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yang Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jiaxue Ye
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jingrui Tan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jie Hou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yazhuo Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Weizhen Cui
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Qingyang Zhao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong Province, PR China.
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A novel GRK2 inhibitor alleviates experimental arthritis through restraining Th17 cell differentiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113997. [PMID: 36399825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper type 17 (Th17) cell which is induced by interleukine-6 (IL-6)-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is a central pro-inflammatory T cell subtype in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and could be significantly reduced by paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) treatment with unclear mechanisms. This study was aimed to found out the mechanism of CP-25 in hampering Th17 cells differentiation in arthritic animals thus explore more therapeutic targets for RA. In mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), both circulating and splenic Th17 subsets were expanded with increased STAT3 phosphorylation and decreased Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1)-β-arrestin2 (arrb2)-STAT3 interaction in CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. Either CP-25 or paroxetine (PAR), an established G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) inhibitor treatment effectively relieved the joints inflammation of CIA mice with substantially reduced Th17 cell population through inhibiting STAT3 and restoring the SHP1-arrb2-STAT3 complex. Knockout of arrb2 exacerbated the clinical manifestations of collagen antibody-induced arthritis with upregulated Th17 cells. In vitro studies revealed that depletion of arrb2 or inhibition of SHP1 promoted Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, stimulation of adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) simultaneously promoted Th17 cell differentiation via accelerating abbr2-A3AR binding, which could be prevented through inhibiting GRK2 phosphorylation by CP-25 or PAR, or genetically reducing GRK2. This work has demonstrated that CP-25 or PAR treatment recovers the SHP1-arrb2-STAT3 complex which prevents STAT3 activation in Th cells through reducing arrb2 recruitment to A3AR by inhibiting GRK2 phosphorylation, leading to the reduction in Th17 cell differentiation and arthritis attenuation.
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Zhang Z, Wan H, Han J, Sun X, Yu R, Liu B, Lu C, Zhou J, Su X. Ameliorative effect of tuna elastin peptides on AIA mice by regulating the composition of intestinal microorganisms and SCFAs. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Kumar V, Kumar A, Mir KUI, Yadav V, Chauhan SS. Pleiotropic role of PARP1: an overview. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:3. [PMID: 34926116 PMCID: PMC8643375 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) protein is encoded by the PARP1 gene located on chromosome 1 (1q42.12) in human cells. It plays a crucial role in post-translational modification by adding poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) groups to various proteins and PARP1 itself by utilizing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) as a substrate. Since the discovery of PARP1, its role in DNA repair and cell death has been its identity. This is evident from an overwhelmingly high number of scientific reports in this regard. However, PARP1 also plays critical roles in inflammation, metabolism, tumor development and progression, chromatin modification and transcription, mRNA stability, and alternative splicing. In the present study, we attempted to compile all the scattered scientific information about this molecule, including the structure and multifunctional role of PARP1 in cancer and non-cancer diseases, along with PARP1 inhibitors (PARPis). Furthermore, for the first time, we have classified PARP1-mediated cell death for ease of understanding its role in cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Kumar
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Khursheed Ul Islam Mir
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Yadav
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam Singh Chauhan
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Shen P, Lin W, Ba X, Huang Y, Chen Z, Han L, Qin K, Huang Y, Tu S. Quercetin-mediated SIRT1 activation attenuates collagen-induced mice arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114213. [PMID: 34023442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herba taxilli (HT, Sangjisheng in Chinese), which is composed of the dried stems and leaves of Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser, has been commonly used to treat inflammation and arthritis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Quercetin (Que) is a major active flavonoid component isolated from HT and is one of the quality control indexes of HT. In the clinical practice of TCM, formulas containing HT are commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent studies have shown that Que exerts antiarthritic effects. However, the mechanism by which Que treatment affects RA is not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the antiarthritic activity of Que in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and investigate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiarthritic activity of Que was evaluated in a CIA mouse model by determining the paw clinical arthritis scores and left ankle thicknesses and by conducting micro-PET imaging and histopathological analysis of ankle joint tissues. The proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17) levels in the serum and ankle joint tissues were measured by ELISA. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was assessed by biochemical methods. Mitochondrial biogenesis was analysed by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), p38, phospho-p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)-1/2, phospho-ERK1/2, p65, and phospho-p65 in ankle joint tissues were detected by Western blot analysis. A total of 30 RA patients were recruited to investigate the relationship between the disease activity score (DAS28) and the SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, and HMGB1 plasma levels. RESULTS Que treatment decreased the clinical score and left ankle thickness of CIA mice, attenuated the synovial inflammation and hyperplasia and bone/cartilage destruction in ankle joints, and decreased the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-13, and IL-17. Mechanistically, Que treatment improved impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function by regulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM pathway and inhibited inflammation via the HMGB1/TLR4/p38/ERK1/2/NF-κB p65 pathway. Notably, epidemiological data revealed correlations between abnormal circulating levels of SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, HMGB1 and RA disease activity in patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested a potential role of Que as a dietary therapeutic drug for RA treatment that may act through SIRT1 to target mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, the role of impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in RA was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Weiji Lin
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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10
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PARPs in lipid metabolism and related diseases. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 84:101117. [PMID: 34450194 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PARPs and tankyrases (TNKS) represent a family of 17 proteins. PARPs and tankyrases were originally identified as DNA repair factors, nevertheless, recent advances have shed light on their role in lipid metabolism. To date, PARP1, PARP2, PARP3, tankyrases, PARP9, PARP10, PARP14 were reported to have multi-pronged connections to lipid metabolism. The activity of PARP enzymes is fine-tuned by a set of cholesterol-based compounds as oxidized cholesterol derivatives, steroid hormones or bile acids. In turn, PARPs modulate several key processes of lipid homeostasis (lipotoxicity, fatty acid and steroid biosynthesis, lipoprotein homeostasis, fatty acid oxidation, etc.). PARPs are also cofactors of lipid-responsive nuclear receptors and transcription factors through which PARPs regulate lipid metabolism and lipid homeostasis. PARP activation often represents a disruptive signal to (lipid) metabolism, and PARP-dependent changes to lipid metabolism have pathophysiological role in the development of hyperlipidemia, obesity, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type II diabetes and its complications, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular aging and skin pathologies, just to name a few. In this synopsis we will review the evidence supporting the beneficial effects of pharmacological PARP inhibitors in these diseases/pathologies and propose repurposing PARP inhibitors already available for the treatment of various malignancies.
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Wang S, Lai X, Li C, Chen M, Hu M, Liu X, Song Y, Deng Y. Sialic acid-conjugate modified doxorubicin nanoplatform for treating neutrophil-related inflammation. J Control Release 2021; 337:612-627. [PMID: 34332025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in human peripheral blood, are important effector cells that mediate the inflammatory response. During neutrophil dysfunction, excessive activation and uncontrolled infiltration are the core processes in the progression of inflammation-related diseases, including severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), sepsis, etc. Herein, we used sialic acid-modified liposomal doxorubicin (DOX-SAL) to selectively target inflammatory neutrophils in the peripheral blood and deliver DOX intracellularly, inducing neutrophil apoptosis, blocking neutrophil migration, and inhibiting the inflammatory response. Strong selectivity resulted from the specific affinity between SA and L-selectin, which is highly expressed on inflammatory neutrophil membranes. In inflammation models of acute lung inflammation/injury (ALI), sepsis, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), DOX-SAL suppressed the inflammatory response, increased the survival of mice, and delayed disease progression, respectively. Moreover, DOX-SAL restored immune homeostasis in the body, without side effects. We have presented a targeted nanocarrier drug delivery system that can block the recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils, enabling specific inhibition of the core disease process and the potential to treat multiple diseases with a single drug. This represents a revolutionary treatment strategy for inflammatory diseases caused by inappropriate neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Miao Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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Rosado MM, Pioli C. ADP-ribosylation in evasion, promotion and exacerbation of immune responses. Immunology 2021; 164:15-30. [PMID: 33783820 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is the addition of one or more (up to some hundreds) ADP-ribose moieties to acceptor proteins. This evolutionary ancient post-translational modification (PTM) is involved in fundamental processes including DNA repair, inflammation, cell death, differentiation and proliferation, among others. ADP-ribosylation is catalysed by two major families of enzymes: the cholera toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTCs) and the diphtheria toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTDs, also known as PARPs). ARTCs sense and use extracellular NAD, which may represent a danger signal, whereas ARTDs are present in the cell nucleus and/or cytoplasm. ARTCs mono-ADP-ribosylate their substrates, whereas ARTDs, according to the specific family member, are able to mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylate target proteins or are devoid of enzymatic activity. Both mono- and poly-ADP-ribosylation are dynamic processes, as specific hydrolases are able to remove single or polymeric ADP moieties. This dynamic equilibrium between addition and degradation provides plasticity for fast adaptation, a feature being particularly relevant to immune cell functions. ADP-ribosylation regulates differentiation and functions of myeloid, T and B cells. It also regulates the expression of cytokines and chemokines, production of antibodies, isotype switch and the expression of several immune mediators. Alterations in these processes involve ADP-ribosylation in virtually any acute and chronic inflammatory/immune-mediated disease. Besides, pathogens developed mechanisms to contrast the action of ADP-ribosylating enzymes by using their own hydrolases and/or to exploit this PTM to sustain their virulence. In the present review, we summarize and discuss recent findings on the role of ADP-ribosylation in immunobiology, immune evasion/subversion by pathogens and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, ENEA, Rome, Italy
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5-Aminoisoquinolinone, a PARP-1 Inhibitor, Ameliorates Immune Abnormalities through Upregulation of Anti-Inflammatory and Downregulation of Inflammatory Parameters in T Cells of BTBR Mouse Model of Autism. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020249. [PMID: 33671196 PMCID: PMC7922312 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) covers a range of neurodevelopmental disorders involving impairments in communication and repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior and reciprocal social interaction. 5-Aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ), a PARP-1 inhibitor, has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the influence of 5-AIQ-treatment in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice as an autism model and used flow cytometry to assess the effect of 5-AIQ on FOXP3, Helios, GATA3, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-17A production by CXCR6+ and CD4+ T cells in the spleen. We also confirmed the effect of 5-AIQ treatment on expression of FOXP3, Helios, GATA3, IL-17A, IL-10, and IL-9 mRNA and protein expression levels in the brain tissue by quantitative PCR and western blotting. Our results demonstrated that 5-AIQ-treated BTBR mice had significantly increased numbers of CXCR6+FOXP3+, CXCR6+IL-10+, and CXCR6+Helios+ cells and decreased numbers of CD4+GATA3+, CD4+IL-9+, and CD4+IL-17A+ cells as compared with those in untreated BTBR mice. Our results further demonstrated that treatment with 5-AIQ in BTBR mice increased expression for FOXP3, IL-10, and Helios, and decreased expression for GATA3, IL-17A, and IL-9 mRNA. Our findings support the hypotheses that 5-AIQ has promising novel therapeutic effects on neuroimmune dysfunction in autism and is associated with modulation of Treg and Th17 cells.
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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by regulating the balance of Th17/Treg cells and inhibiting the NF- κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:134. [PMID: 33376516 PMCID: PMC7751469 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a critical role in inflammatory pathways. The PARP-1 inhibitor, 5-aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ), has been demonstrated to exert significant pharmacological effects. The present study aimed to further examine the potential mechanisms of 5-AIQ in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Colitis conditions were assessed by changes in weight, disease activity index, colon length, histopathology and pro-inflammatory mediators. The colonic expression of PARP/NF-κB and STAT3 pathway components was measured by western blot analysis. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were employed to determine the expression of the transcription factors retinoic acid-related orphan receptor and forkhead box protein P3. The results demonstrated that 5-AIQ reduced tissue damage and the inflammatory response in mice with experimental colitis. Moreover, 5-AIQ increased the proportion of Treg cells and decreased the percentage of Th17 cells in the spleen. Furthermore, following 5-AIQ treatment, the main components of the PARP/NF-κB and STAT3 pathways were downregulated. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the PARP-1 inhibitor, 5-AIQ, may suppress intestinal inflammation and protect the colonic mucosa by modulating Treg/Th17 immune balance and inhibiting PARP-1/NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways in mice with experimental colitis.
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PARP-1 inhibitor-AG14361 suppresses acute allograft rejection via stabilizing CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Plummer R, Dua D, Cresti N, Drew Y, Stephens P, Foegh M, Knudsen S, Sachdev P, Mistry BM, Dixit V, McGonigle S, Hall N, Matijevic M, McGrath S, Sarker D. First-in-human study of the PARP/tankyrase inhibitor E7449 in patients with advanced solid tumours and evaluation of a novel drug-response predictor. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:525-533. [PMID: 32523090 PMCID: PMC7434893 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This phase 1 study examined the safety, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and antitumour activity of E7449, a novel PARP 1/2 and tankyrase 1/2 inhibitor. Methods E7449 was orally administered once daily in 28-day cycles to patients with advanced solid tumours (50–800-mg doses). Archival tumour samples from consenting patients were evaluated for the expression of 414 genes in a biomarker panel (2X-121 drug-response predictor [DRP]) found to be predictive of the response to E7449 in cell lines. Results Forty-one patients were enrolled (13 pancreatic, 5 ovarian, 4 each with breast, lung or colorectal cancer and 11 with other tumour types). The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse event was fatigue (n = 7, 17.1%). Five patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (fatigue, n = 4, 800 mg; anaphylaxis, n = 1, 600 mg) for an MTD of 600 mg. E7449 exhibited antitumour activity in solid tumours, including 2 partial responses (PRs), and stable disease (SD) in 13 patients, which was durable (>23 weeks) for 8 patients. In 13 patients, the 2X-121 DRP identified those achieving PR and durable SD. E7449 showed good tolerability, promising antitumour activity and significant concentration-dependent PARP inhibition following 50–800-mg oral dosing. Conclusion The results support further clinical investigation of E7449 and its associated biomarker 2X-121 DRP. Clinical trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov code: NCT01618136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Plummer
- Northern Institute for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | | | - Nicola Cresti
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yvette Drew
- Northern Institute for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Stephens
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debashis Sarker
- King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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17
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Alqahtani F, Alhoshani AR, Alasmari F, Alsaleh NB, Attia SM. 5-aminoisoquinolinone attenuates social behavior deficits and immune abnormalities in the BTBR T + Itpr3 tf/J mouse model for autism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 189:172859. [PMID: 31982447 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is diagnosed by core symptoms including impaired social communication and the presence of repetitive and stereotypical behaviors. There is also evidence for immune dysfunction in individuals with ASD, but it is a disease that is still insufficiently controlled by current treatment strategies. The use of 5-aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ) ameliorates several immune-mediated symptoms including rheumatoid arthritis and colitis, and has neuroprotective properties; however, its role in ASD is not yet characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of 5-AIQ on sociability tests, self-grooming, marble burying, and locomotor activities in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice, which serve as an ASD animal model. We further investigated the possible molecular mechanism of 5-AIQ administration on CXCR4-, CXCR6-, IFN-γ-, IL-22-, NOS2-, STAT1-, T-bet-, and RORγT-producing CD3+ T cells isolated from the spleens of treated mice. We also explored its effects on mRNA expression in brain tissue. Our results showed that in BTBR mice, 5-AIQ treatment significantly prevented self-grooming and marble burying behaviors and enhanced social interactions without any adverse effects on locomotor activity/anxiety level. Additionally, 5-AIQ treatment substantially decreased CXCR4-, CXCR6-, IFN-γ-, IL-22-, NOS2-, STAT1-, T-bet-, and RORγT-producing CD3+ T cells in the spleen. Furthermore, 5-AIQ treatment decreased CXCR4, IFN-γ, IL-22, STAT1, and RORγT mRNA expression levels in brain tissue. Our findings demonstrated that 5-AIQ improved behavioral and immune abnormalities associated with ASD, which supports the hypothesis that 5-AIQ has important therapeutic potential for the treatment of behavioral and neuroimmune dysfunctions in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser B Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Attia SM, Al-Hamamah MA, Ahmad SF, Nadeem A, Attia MSM, Ansari MA, Bakheet SA, Al-Ayadhi LY. Evaluation of DNA repair efficiency in autistic children by molecular cytogenetic analysis and transcriptome profiling. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 85:102750. [PMID: 31765876 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Data regarding DNA repair perturbations in autism, which might increase the risk of malignancy, are scarce. To evaluate whether DNA repair may be disrupted in autistic children, we assessed the incidence of endogenous basal DNA strand breaks as well as the efficiency of repairing DNA damage caused by γ-ray in lymphocytes isolated from autistic and healthy children. The incidence of DNA damage and the kinetics of DNA repair were determined by comet assay, while the incidence of residual DNA damage was evaluated by structural chromosomal aberration analysis. Transcriptome profiling of 84 genes associated with DNA damage and repair-signaling pathways was performed by RT² Profiler PCR Array. The array data were confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot studies. Our data indicate that the incidence of basal oxidative DNA strand breaks in autistic children was greater than that in nonautistic controls. Lymphocytes from autistic children displayed higher susceptibility to damage by γ-irradiation and slower repair rate than those from nonautistic children. Although the total unstable chromosomal aberrations were unaffected, lymphocytes from autistic children were more susceptible to chromosomal damage caused by γ-ray than those from nonautistic children. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that several genes associated with repair were downregulated in lymphocytes from autistic individuals and in those exposed to γ-irradiation. This may explain the increased oxidative DNA damage and reduced repair rate in lymphocytes from autistic individuals. These features may be related to the possible correlation between autism and the elevated risk of cancer and may explain the role of the disruption of the DNA repair process in the pathogenesis of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A Al-Hamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Y Al-Ayadhi
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chen W, Yi C, Jin L. The Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential Implications for Treatment. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10312205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease characterised by small joint swelling, deformity, and dysfunction. Its exact aetiology is unclear. Current treatment approaches do not control harmful autoimmune attacks or prevent irreversible damage without considerable side effects. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an important hydrogen carrier in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, is the major determinant of redox state in the cell. NAD+ metabolites act as degradation substrates for a wide range of enzymes, such as sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose polymerases, ADP-ribosyltransferases, and CD38. The roles of NAD+ have expanded beyond its role as a coenzyme, linking cellular metabolism to inflammation signalling and immune response. The aim of this review is to illustrate the role of NAD+-related enzymes in the pathogenesis of RA and highlight the potential therapeutic role of NAD+ in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqian Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Yi
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Attia SM, Al-Hamamah MA, Alotaibi MR, Harisa GI, Attia MM, Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA. Investigation of belinostat-induced genomic instability by molecular cytogenetic analysis and pathway-focused gene expression profiling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 350:43-51. [PMID: 29733868 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate transcription and specific functions such as tumor suppression by p53, are frequently altered in tumors and have a contentious role in carcinogenesis. HDAC inhibitors, which have a long history of use in psychiatry and neurology, have recently been tested as possible treatments for tumors. Belinostat received regulatory approval in the USA on July 3, 2014, for use against peripheral T-cell lymphoma. However, the unavailability of information on belinostat genotoxicity in normal cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in the genetic instability after exposure to belinostat encouraged us to conduct this study. Our data showed that the exposure of mice to belinostat at the recommended human doses induced chromosome breakage, whole-chromosome lagging, and oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of 84 genes involved in the DNA damage signaling pathway were evaluated by using an RT2 Profiler PCR array. Belinostat exposure altered the expression of 25 genes, with statistically significant changes observed in 17 genes. The array results were supported by RT-PCR and western blotting experiments. Collectively, our results showed that belinostat exposure caused oxidative DNA damage and downregulated the expression of genes involved in DNA damage repair, which may be responsible for belinostat-induced genomic instability. Thus, the clinical usage of this drug should be weighed against the hazards of carcinogenesis, and the observed genotoxicity profile of belinostat may support further development of efficient HDAC inhibitors with weaker genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Attia
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - M A Al-Hamamah
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M R Alotaibi
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - G I Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Attia
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - S F Ahmad
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Ansari
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Nadeem
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Bakheet
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zaffini R, Gotte G, Menegazzi M. Asthma and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition: a new therapeutic approach. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:281-293. [PMID: 29483769 PMCID: PMC5813949 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s150846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages worldwide, and it frequently begins in childhood. Because of its chronic nature, it is characterized by pathological manifestations, including airway inflammation, remodeling, and goblet cell hyperplasia. Current therapies for asthma, including corticosteroids and beta-2 adrenergic agonists, are directed toward relieving the symptoms of the asthmatic response, with poor effectiveness against the underlying causes of the disease. Asthma initiation and progression depends on the T helper (Th) 2 type immune response carried out by a complex interplay of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) 4, IL5, and IL13, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6. Much of the data resulting from different laboratories support the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and PARP14 activation in asthma. Indeed, PARP enzymes play key roles in the regulation and progression of the inflammatory asthma process because they affect the expression of genes and chemokines involved in the immune response. Consistently, PARP inhibition achievable either upon genetic ablation or by using pharmacological agents has shown a range of therapeutic effects against the disease. Indeed, in the last two decades, several preclinical studies highlighted the protective effects of PARP inhibition in various animal models of asthma. PARP inhibitors showed the ability to reduce the overall lung inflammation acting with a specific effect on immune cell recruitment and through the modulation of asthma-associated cytokines production. PARP inhibition has been shown to affect the Th1–Th2 balance and, at least in some aspects, the airway remodeling. In this review, we summarize and discuss the steps that led PARP inhibition to become a possible future therapeutic strategy against allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela Zaffini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gotte
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Yuan F, Wang J, Zhang K, Li Z, Guan Z. Programmed cell death 5 transgenic mice attenuates adjuvant induced arthritis by 2 modifying the T lymphocytes balance. Biol Res 2017; 50:40. [PMID: 29228993 PMCID: PMC5725916 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-017-0145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) is an apoptosis-related gene cloned from TF-1 cells whose primary biological functions are to promote apoptosis and immune regulation. The effects and mechanisms exerted by key mediators of arthritic inflammation remain unclear in PDCD5 transgenic (PDCD5 tg) mice. RESULTS In the current study, PDCD5 tg mice inhibited the progression of adjuvant-induced arthritis, specifically decreasing clinical signs and histological damage, compared with arthritis control mice. Additionally, the ratio of CD4+IFN-γ+ cells (Th1) and CD4+IL-17A+ cells (Th17), as well as the mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A and TNF-α, were decreased in PDCD5 tg mice, while CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and the anti-inflammatory mediators IL-4 and IL-10 were increased. Furthermore, PDCD5 tg mice demonstrated reduced serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A and TNF-α and increased levels of IL-4. CONCLUSIONS Based on our data, PDCD5 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by modifying the T lymphocytes balance, inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, validating PDCD5 protein as a possible treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Keshi Zhang
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhenpeng Guan
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Lim MA, Louie B, Ford D, Heath K, Cha P, Betts-Lacroix J, Lum PY, Robertson TL, Schaevitz L. Development of the Digital Arthritis Index, a Novel Metric to Measure Disease Parameters in a Rat Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:818. [PMID: 29184498 PMCID: PMC5694443 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a broad spectrum of anti-arthritic drugs currently on the market, there is a constant demand to develop improved therapeutic agents. Efficient compound screening and rapid evaluation of treatment efficacy in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can accelerate the development of clinical candidates. Compound screening by evaluation of disease phenotypes in animal models facilitates preclinical research by enhancing understanding of human pathophysiology; however, there is still a continuous need to improve methods for evaluating disease. Current clinical assessment methods are challenged by the subjective nature of scoring-based methods, time-consuming longitudinal experiments, and the requirement for better functional readouts with relevance to human disease. To address these needs, we developed a low-touch, digital platform for phenotyping preclinical rodent models of disease. As a proof-of-concept, we utilized the rat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model of RA and developed the Digital Arthritis Index (DAI), an objective and automated behavioral metric that does not require human-animal interaction during the measurement and calculation of disease parameters. The DAI detected the development of arthritis similar to standard in vivo methods, including ankle joint measurements and arthritis scores, as well as demonstrated a positive correlation to ankle joint histopathology. The DAI also determined responses to multiple standard-of-care (SOC) treatments and nine repurposed compounds predicted by the SMarTRTM Engine to have varying degrees of impact on RA. The disease profiles generated by the DAI complemented those generated by standard methods. The DAI is a highly reproducible and automated approach that can be used in-conjunction with standard methods for detecting RA disease progression and conducting phenotypic drug screens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenton Louie
- Capella Biosciences Inc., Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Pek Yee Lum
- Capella Biosciences Inc., Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune diseases (ADs) and many environmental agents participate in this process. Environmental agents, including trichloroethylene (TCE), silica, pristane, mercury, and smoke, are known to induce an autoimmune response, potentially through OS-mediated mechanisms. Here, we focus on unraveling the targets and signaling pathways that have been mechanistically linked with OS, as a result of exposure to these and numerous other environmental agents, and their impact on the immune system in triggering ADs. Antioxidants and molecular targets impeding autoimmunity by targeting specific signaling pathways are also reviewed. The review not only provides an overview of the current knowledge and evidence showing strong associations between environmental exposures, OS, and ADs, but also plausible mechanisms by which OS causes autoimmunity/ADs. We also discuss areas that require additional approaches, such as unraveling specific events/mechanisms leading to such devastating diseases and measures to prevent or attenuate such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Firoze Khan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Gangduo Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
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Sethi GS, Dharwal V, Naura AS. Poly(ADP-Ribose)Polymerase-1 in Lung Inflammatory Disorders: A Review. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1172. [PMID: 28974953 PMCID: PMC5610677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma, acute lung injury (ALI), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are lung inflammatory disorders with a common outcome, that is, difficulty in breathing. Corticosteroids, a class of potent anti-inflammatory drugs, have shown less success in the treatment/management of these disorders, particularly ALI and COPD; thus, alternative therapies are needed. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) are the post-translational modifying enzymes with a primary role in DNA repair. During the last two decades, several studies have reported the critical role played by PARPs in a good of inflammatory disorders. In the current review, the studies that address the role of PARPs in asthma, ALI, and COPD have been discussed. Among the different members of the family, PARP-1 emerges as a key player in the orchestration of lung inflammation in asthma and ALI. In addition, PARP activation seems to be associated with the progression of COPD. Furthermore, PARP-14 seems to play a crucial role in asthma. STAT-6 and GATA-3 are reported to be central players in PARP-1-mediated eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Interestingly, oxidative stress-PARP-1-NF-κB axis appears to be tightly linked with inflammatory response in all three-lung diseases despite their distinct pathophysiologies. The present review sheds light on PARP-1-regulated factors, which may be common or differential players in asthma/ALI/COPD and put forward our prospective for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Dharwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Ellagic acid alleviates adjuvant induced arthritis by modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cent Eur J Immunol 2017; 41:339-349. [PMID: 28450796 PMCID: PMC5382880 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2016.65132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology, but it is now clear that pro-inflammatory cytokines play a central role in its pathogenesis. Ellagic acid (EA) has a variety of biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of ellagic acid on the prevention and/or treatment of adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) model in mice. Ellagic acid treatment was started one week before AIA induction and continued for three weeks after induction of AIA. Ellagic acid treatment significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited foot paw oedematous swelling and attenuated AIA-associated pathology. Ellagic acid significantly (p < 0.01) reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 17 (IL-17). However, serum levels of IL-10 and interferon γ (IFN-γ) significantly increased (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively), while serum level of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) did not significantly alter with EA treatment. In conclusion, these results suggest that EA attenuated AIA-associated pathology in the mouse model by downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Chen Y, Wang QW, Zuo J, Chen JW, Li X. Anti-arthritic activity of ethanol extract of Claoxylon indicum on Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:11. [PMID: 28056924 PMCID: PMC5216541 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claoxylon indicum Hassk. (Euphorbiaceae), named Diu Le Bang, have functions of dehumidification and relieving swelling pain, and is used as a folk medicine to treat Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lumbocrural pain and foot edema in the south of China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of the ethanol extract of Claoxylon indicum (CIE) on mice with adjuvant induced joint arthritis. METHODS Adjuvant arthritis was induced in mice by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the plantar surface of right hind paw. Arthritis severity was evaluated by arthritic score, hind paws oedema and spleen index, and histological examinations. Serum samples were collected for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. The expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the specimens of knee joints was determined by standard immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS CIE administration (0.4 and 0.8 g/kg) suppressed the inflammatory responses in the joints of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mice, suggested by the modulatory effects on paw swelling, hyperplasia of lymphatic tissues and synovial membrane. It also decreased the levels of MDA and ALP in serum and downregulated the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the arthritic joints of AIA mice. CONCLUSION These results suggested that CIE possessed substantial anti-arthritic activity due to immumodepression and regulation of cytokines. CIE may be a potential candidate for the treatment of RA.
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Grushka NG. [THE EFFECT OF OF POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE INHIBITOR 4-HYDROXY-QUINAZOLINE ON DEATH OF IMMUNE CELLS UNDER IMMUNE COMPLEX-MEDIATED INJURY IN MICE]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:43-50. [PMID: 29975827 DOI: 10.15407/fz63.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The influence of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in- hibitor 4-hydroxyquinazoline (4-HQ) on the level of DNA damage and on the death of thymic and lymph node cells in mouse model of immune complex injury was investigated to reveal its possible cytoprotective effect. As shown by comet assay, DNA damage index of immune cells was increased 4,0 times in mice with immune complex-mediated pathology induced by a long-term immunization of CBA mice with bovine serum albumin (BSA), P<0,001. The percentage of thymic cells with strong DNA damage was increased to 77% under immunization (compared to 1,5% in control mice) and the percentage of such cells from lymph nodes was increased to 80% (compared to 0% in control), in both cases P< 0,001. Genotoxic stress was reduced by treatment of immunized mice with 4-HQ: the percentage of lymphocytes with strong DNA damage was significantly decreased that promoted increase in the amount of cells having intact DNA. PARP inhibition exerted a strong cytoprotective effect: viability of thymus and lymph node cells was increased mainly due to reduced level of necrosis. So, our results suggest that PARP may be involved in thymic and lymph node cell damage in immune complex mediated pathology and give evidence that inhibition of this enzyme may constitute a perspective target in immune complex diseases prevention and therapy.
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29
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Bakheet SA, Alzahrani MZ, Nadeem A, Ansari MA, Zoheir KMA, Attia SM, AL-Ayadhi LY, Ahmad SF. Resveratrol treatment attenuates chemokine receptor expression in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. Mol Cell Neurosci 2016; 77:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Shu Y, Hu Q, Long H, Chang C, Lu Q, Xiao R. Epigenetic Variability of CD4+CD25+ Tregs Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 52:260-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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31
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Rom S, Zuluaga-Ramirez V, Reichenbach NL, Dykstra H, Gajghate S, Pacher P, Persidsky Y. PARP inhibition in leukocytes diminishes inflammation via effects on integrins/cytoskeleton and protects the blood-brain barrier. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:254. [PMID: 27677851 PMCID: PMC5039899 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction/disruption followed by leukocyte infiltration into the brain causes neuroinflammation and contributes to morbidity in multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. The identification of pathways that decreases the inflammatory potential of leukocytes would prevent such injury. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) controls various genes via its interaction with myriad transcription factors. Selective PARP inhibitors have appeared lately as potent anti-inflammatory tools. Their effects are outside the recognized PARP functions in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we explored the idea that selective inhibition of PARP in leukocytes would diminish their engagement of the brain endothelium. Methods Cerebral vascular changes and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were surveyed by intravital videomicroscopy utilizing a novel in vivo model of localized aseptic meningitis when TNFα was introduced intracerebrally in wild-type (PARP+/+) and PARP-deficient (PARP−/−) mice. The effects of selective PARP inhibition on primary human monocytes ability to adhere to or migrate across the BBB were also tested in vitro, employing primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) as an in vitro model of the BBB. Results PARP suppression in monocytes diminished their adhesion to and migration across BBB in vitro models and prevented barrier injury. In monocytes, PARP inactivation decreased conformational activation of integrins that plays a key role in their tissue infiltration. Such changes were mediated by suppression of activation of small Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal rearrangements in monocytes. In vitro observations were confirmed in vivo showing diminished leukocyte-endothelial interaction after selective PARP suppression in leukocytes accompanied by BBB protection. PARP knockout animals demonstrated a substantial diminution of inflammatory responses in brain microvasculature and a decrease in BBB permeability. Conclusions These results suggest PARP inhibition in leukocytes as a novel approach to BBB protection in the setting of endothelial dysfunction caused by inflammation-induced leukocyte engagement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0729-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Viviana Zuluaga-Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nancy L Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Holly Dykstra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/NIAAA, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Li G, Cunin P, Wu D, Diogo D, Yang Y, Okada Y, Plenge RM, Nigrovic PA. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Variant CCR6DNP Regulates CCR6 via PARP-1. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006292. [PMID: 27626929 PMCID: PMC5023119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the implications of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for disease biology requires both identification of causal variants and definition of how these variants alter gene function. The non-coding triallelic dinucleotide polymorphism CCR6DNP is associated with risk for rheumatoid arthritis, and is considered likely causal because allelic variation correlates with expression of the chemokine receptor CCR6. Using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) gene editing, we confirmed that CCR6DNP regulates CCR6. To identify the associated transcription factor, we applied a novel assay, Flanking Restriction Enhanced Pulldown (FREP), to identify specific association of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) with CCR6DNP consistent with the established allelic risk hierarchy. Correspondingly, manipulation of PARP-1 expression or activity impaired CCR6 expression in several lineages. These findings show that CCR6DNP is a causal variant through which PARP-1 regulates CCR6, and introduce a highly efficient approach to interrogate non-coding genetic polymorphisms associated with human disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify loci associated with human disease risk, but bridging the gap between locus and mechanism has proven particularly difficult in cases where associated variants do not alter coding. We aimed to develop a generalizable approach to this problem. Previously, a dual nucleotide polymorphism within the first intron of CCR6 (termed the CCR6DNP) had been associated with risk for rheumatoid arthritis, but the pathway by which this variant altered gene expression could not be determined. Here, we employed sequence perturbation to confirm a regulatory role for the CCR6DNP. Next, using a new technique termed Flanking Restriction Enhanced Pulldown (FREP), we identified PARP-1 as the protein that regulates CCR6 expression through allelic association with the CCR6DNP, a finding confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and functional assays. These findings reveal an unexpected regulatory pathway for CCR6 implicated in rheumatoid arthritis and other disease by human genetics, and more generally introduce a novel approach to identifying regulatory protein-DNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GL); (PAN)
| | - Pierre Cunin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dorothée Diogo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Robert M. Plenge
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GL); (PAN)
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Zoheir KMA, Bakheet SA, Al-Shabanah OA, Al Rikabi AC, Attia SM. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG126 reduces activation of inflammatory cells and increases Foxp3 + regulatory T cells during pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Immunol 2016; 78:65-78. [PMID: 27608299 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases are key mediators of the signal transduction cascades that control expression of many genes involved in the induction of inflammation caused by arthritis. Here we investigate the effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG126 on a mouse model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). We report that when given at 5mg/kg i.p. every 48h from days 0-21, AG126 exerts potent anti-arthritic effects. Further, we investigated the role of AG126 on the key mediators of arthritic inflammation, namely, edema, arthritic score, presence of immunophenotypes including Foxp3+, CD4+Foxp3+, and CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. AG126 treatment significantly attenuated the severity of AIA and caused a substantial reduction in the percentage of CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD23+, CD80+, CD86+ CD122+, CD195+, TCRβ+, and GITR+ cells in whole blood. Moreover, administration of AG126 under arthritis-inducing conditions resulted in suppression of IL-17A+, IFN-γ+, CD4+ and CD25+ populations while causing an increase in the Foxp3+, CD4+Foxp3+, and CD25+Foxp3+ Treg populations in the spleen. In addition, RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of CD4, CD8, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and NF-κB p65 mRNAs and decreased IL-4 mRNA in the arthritic control (AC) mice, while treatment of animals with AG126 reversed these effects. Western blot analysis confirmed the decreased expression of IL-17, GITR, NF-κB p65 proteins and increased Foxp3 and IL-4 proteins following AG126 treatment of knee tissue. Thus, our findings provide new evidence that inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase activity decreases the progression of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Cell Biology, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Al-Shabanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Cherkess Al Rikabi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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A New Explanation of Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With Respect to Claudin-5, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, and Neuroserpin. Arch Rheumatol 2016; 31:299-305. [PMID: 30375560 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2016.5974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the relationship between neuroserpin (NSP) and claudin-5, as well as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), with respect to clinical activity of disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients and methods The study included a total of 75 patients (18 males, 57 females; mean age 48.12±11.23 years; range 20 to 60 years) who were admitted to the rheumatology outpatient facility at the Medical Faculty Hospital, Sakarya University, in October 2014. Patients were divided into four groups based on their Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) scores as remission group (n=16, DAS28 <2.6), low disease activity group (n=16, DAS28 between 2.6-3.2), moderate disease activity group (n=28, DAS28 between 3.2-5.1), and high disease activity group (n=15, DAS28 >5.1). Ten healthy subjects (HS) served as controls. Results Claudin-5, MMP-9, and NSP levels were significantly different in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to HS (p=0.035, 0.026, and 0.014, respectively). Additionally, there were no differences between claudin-5 levels and disease activity among all RA groups. However, compared to HS, patient groups showed a significant difference (p=0.035) in terms of claudin-5 levels. Serum levels of MMP-9 were significantly different in moderate disease activity group compared to HS (p=0.013). Levels of NSP were significantly different in moderate disease activity and high disease activity groups compared to HS (p=0.008 and 0.031, respectively). Conclusion Our study demonstrated the differential associations of endothelial function/dysfunction biomarkers and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. How and why this impairment occurs is not fully understood and more data regarding NSP, MMP, and claudin expression in plasma are warranted.
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Dysregulation of Th1, Th2, Th17, and T regulatory cell-related transcription factor signaling in children with autism. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4390-4400. [PMID: 27344332 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by stereotypic repetitive behaviors, impaired social interactions, and communication deficits. Numerous immune system abnormalities have been described in individuals with autism including abnormalities in the ratio of Th1/Th2/Th17 cells; however, the expression of the transcription factors responsible for the regulation and differentiation of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cells has not previously been evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from children with autism (AU) or typically developing (TD) control children were stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin A. The expressions of Foxp3, RORγt, STAT-3, T-bet, and GATA-3 mRNAs and proteins were then assessed. Our study shows that children with AU displayed altered immune profiles and function, characterized by a systemic deficit of Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells and increased RORγt+, T-bet+, GATA-3+, and production by CD4+ T cells as compared to TD. This was confirmed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses. Our results suggest that autism impacts transcription factor signaling, which results in an immunological imbalance. Therefore, the restoration of transcription factor signaling may have a great therapeutic potential in the treatment of autistic disorders.
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Bakheet SA, Attia SM, Alwetaid MY, Ansari MA, Zoheir KM, Nadeem A, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-Harbi MM, Ahmad SF. β-1,3-Glucan reverses aflatoxin B1-mediated suppression of immune responses in mice. Life Sci 2016; 152:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Al-Harbi NO, Imam F, Al-Harbi MM, Ansari MA, Zoheir KMA, Korashy HM, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Attia SM, Shabanah OA, Ahmad SF. Dexamethasone Attenuates LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of NF-κB, COX-2, and Pro-inflammatory Mediators. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:349-69. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2016.1157814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Diosmin downregulates the expression of T cell receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Pharmacol Res 2015; 102:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Bhat MA, Al-Omar MA, Ansari MA, Zoheir KMA, Imam F, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Nadeem A, Korashy HM, Voronkov A, Berishvili V, Ahmad SF. Design and Synthesis of N-Arylphthalimides as Inhibitors of Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor-Related Protein, Proinflammatory Mediators, and Cytokines in Carrageenan-Induced Lung Inflammation. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8850-67. [PMID: 26456029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
N-Arylphthalimides (1-10P) derived from thalidomide by insertion of hydrophobic groups were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity, and (4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N'-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide 6P was identified as a promising anti-inflammatory agent. Further testing confirmed that compared with the control, 6P treatment resulted in a considerable decrease in CD4(+), NF-κB p65(+), TNF-α(+), IL-6(+), GITR(+), and IL-17(+) cell populations and an increase in the Foxp3(+), CD4(+)Foxp3(+), and IκBα(+) populations in whole blood and pleural fluid of a mouse model of lung inflammation. Moreover, treatment with compound 6P decreased the proteins associated with inflammation including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, GITR, NF-κB, COX-2, STAT-3, and iNOS and increased the anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10 and IL-4. Further, histopathological examination confirmed the potent anti-inflammatory effects of compound 6P. Thus, the N-arylphthalimide derivative 6P acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent in the carrageenan-induced lung inflammation model, suggesting that this compound may be useful for the treatment of inflammation in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashooq A Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Al-Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrey Voronkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Digital Bio Pharm Ltd. , 145-157 St. John Street, London, EC1V 4PW, U.K
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast 141700, Russia
| | - Vladimir Berishvili
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , 2457 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ahmad SF, Zoheir KMA, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Al-Hoshani AR, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-Harbi MM, Attia SM. Histamine 4 receptor promotes expression of costimulatory B7.1/B7.2 molecules, CD28 signaling and cytokine production in stress-induced immune responses. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 289:30-42. [PMID: 26616869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the expression of histamine 4 receptor (H4R) on neurons was reported, however its function in cells within the central nervous system (CNS) remains poorly understood. To this end, we used the H4R agonist, 4-methylhistamine (4-MeH), and the H4R antagonist, JNJ77777120 (JNJ), to investigate the function of H4R signaling in immune cells in a murine model of chronic stress. Treatment of stressed mice with 4-MeH resulted in an increase in the proportion of lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD8(+), CD28(+), and CD4(+)CD28(+)) and cells expressing the co-stimulatory molecules CD80(+) (B7.1) and CD86(+) (B7.2) in heparinized blood as compared to normal control (NC) and stressed control (SC) groups. We also observed that as compared to NC and SC mice, 4-MeH-treated mice showed greater production of IL-2(+), IL-6(+), IL-9(+), IL-21(+), and IL-27(+) cytokines in the spleen and by splenic CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, 4-MeH treatment of stressed mice led to an increase in the levels of serum Th1/Th17 cytokines and corticosterone, and a decrease in Th2 cytokines. Treatment of chronically-stressed mice with 4-MeH also augmented expression of IL-6, IL-21, NF-κB p65, and STAT3 mRNA. Moreover, Western blot analyses confirmed increased protein expression of NF-κB, iNOS, and STAT3 expression following 4-MeH treatment of chronically-stressed mice as compared to controls. These proteins provide a novel relevant targets for the manipulation of chronic stress induced immune regulation. In striking contrast, treatment of stressed mice with the H4R antagonist, JNJ, resulted in a substantial reduction in all of the aforementioned effects upon immune cell percentages and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R Al-Hoshani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Al-Shabanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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PARP is activated in human asthma and its inhibition by olaparib blocks house dust mite-induced disease in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015. [PMID: 26205779 PMCID: PMC4613510 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study establishes poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase's (PARP's) role in chronic asthma, demonstrates that it is activated in human asthma, increases the clinical relevance of targeting PARP for blocking or preventing chronic asthma in humans and presents olaparib as a likely candidate drug. Our laboratory established a role for poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) in asthma. To increase the clinical significance of our studies, it is imperative to demonstrate that PARP is actually activated in human asthma, to examine whether a PARP inhibitor approved for human testing such as olaparib blocks already-established chronic asthma traits in response to house dust mite (HDM), a true human allergen, in mice and to examine whether the drug modulates human cluster of differentiation type 4 (CD4+) T-cell function. To conduct the study, human lung specimens and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a HDM-based mouse asthma model were used. Our results show that PARP is activated in PBMCs and lung tissues of asthmatics. PARP inhibition by olaparib or gene knockout blocked established asthma-like traits in mice chronically exposed to HDM including airway eosinophilia and hyper-responsiveness. These effects were linked to a marked reduction in T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production without a prominent effect on interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin (IL)-10. PARP inhibition prevented HDM-induced increase in overall cellularity, weight and CD4+ T-cell population in spleens of treated mice whereas it increased the T-regulatory cell population. In CD3/CD28-stimulated human CD4 +T-cells, olaparib treatment reduced Th2 cytokine production potentially by modulating GATA binding protein-3 (gata-3)/IL-4 expression while moderately affecting T-cell proliferation. PARP inhibition inconsistently increased IL-17 in HDM-exposed mice and CD3/CD28-stimulated CD4+ T cells without a concomitant increase in factors that can be influenced by IL-17. In the present study, we provide evidence for the first time that PARP-1 is activated in human asthma and that its inhibition is effective in blocking established asthma in mice.
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Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Zoheir KM, Bakheet SA, Korashy HM, Nadeem A, Ashour AE, Attia SM. Regulation of TNF-α and NF-κB activation through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway downstream of histamine 4 receptor in a rat model of LPS-induced joint inflammation. Immunobiology 2015; 220:889-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yu XH, Zheng XL, Tang CK. Nuclear Factor-κB Activation as a Pathological Mechanism of Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis. Adv Clin Chem 2015; 70:1-30. [PMID: 26231484 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall with lipid-laden lesions, involving a complex interaction between multiple different cell types and cytokine networks. Inflammatory responses mark all stages of atherogenesis: from lipid accumulation in the intima to plaque formation and eventual rupture. One of the most important regulators of inflammation is the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which is activated through the canonical and noncanonical pathways in response to various stimuli. NF-κB has long been regarded as a proatherogenic factor, because it is implicated in multiple pathological processes during atherogenesis, including foam cell formation, vascular inflammation, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, arterial calcification, and plaque progression. In contrast, inhibition of NF-κB signaling has been shown to protect against atherosclerosis. This chapter aims to discuss recent progress on the roles of NF-κB in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis and also to highlight its potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Yu
- Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Molecular Target New Drug Discovery and Cooperative Innovation Center of Hunan Province, Life Science Research Center, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Molecular Target New Drug Discovery and Cooperative Innovation Center of Hunan Province, Life Science Research Center, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China.
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Dwivedi M, Kemp EH, Laddha NC, Mansuri MS, Weetman AP, Begum R. Regulatory T cells in vitiligo: Implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:49-56. [PMID: 25308528 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a hypomelanotic autoimmune skin disease arising from a breakdown in immunological self-tolerance, which leads to aberrant immune responses against melanocytes. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial to the development of self-tolerance and so are major foci in the study of autoimmune pathogenesis of vitiligo. This review will summarise recent findings concerning the role of Tregs in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. In addition, as antigen-specific Tregs are a potential route for the reinstatement of immune tolerance, new strategies that expand or induce de novo generation of Tregs and which are currently being investigated as therapies for other autoimmune diseases, will be discussed. These approaches will highlight the opportunities for Treg cell-based therapeutics in vitiligo.
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Ahmad SF, Zoheir KMA, Ansari MA, Korashy HM, Bakheet SA, Ashour AE, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-harbi MM, Attia SM. The role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor in carrageenan-induced lung inflammation in mice. Mol Immunol 2014; 63:394-405. [PMID: 25304310 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing indication is unveiling a role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 in the regulation of inflammatory/immune responses. The aim of the present study was to determine the potential anti-inflammatory effects of PARP-1 inhibitor 5-aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ) to explore the role of PARP-1 inhibitor in a mouse model of carrageenan-induced lung inflammation. A single dose of 5-AIQ (1.5mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 1h before λ-carrageenan (Cg) administration. We assessed the effects of 5-AIQ treatment on CD25(+), GITR(+), CD25(+)GITR(+), IL-17(+) and Foxp3(+) cells which were investigated using flowcytometry in pleural exudates and heparinized blood. We also evaluated mRNA expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, CD11a, l-selectin (CD62L), ICAM-1, MCP-1, iNOS and COX-2 in the lung tissue. We further examined the effects of 5-AIQ on the key mediators of inflammation, namely COX-2, STAT-3, NF-kB p65, PARP-1, IkB-α and IL-4 protein expression in the lung tissue using western blotting. The results illustrated that the numbers of T cell subsets, IL-17(+) cytokine levels were markedly increased and Foxp3(+) production decreased in the Cg group. Furthermore, Cg-induced up-regulation of adhesion molecules, pro-inflammatory mediators and chemokine expressions. Western blot analysis revealed an increased protein expressions of COX-2, STAT-3 NF-kB p65 and PARP-1 and decreased IkB-α and IL-4 in the Cg group. PARP-1 inhibitor via 5-AIQ treatment reverses the action significantly of all the previously mentioned effects. Moreover, histological examinations revealed anti-inflammatory effects of 5-AIQ, whereas Cg-group aggravated Cg-induced inflammation. Present findings demonstrate the potent anti-inflammatory action of the PARP-1 inhibitor in acute lung injury induced by carrageenan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khairy M A Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Al-Shabanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Al-harbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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