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Tallis J, James RS, Eyre ELJ, Shelley SP, Hill C, Renshaw D, Hurst J. Effect of high-fat diet on isometric, concentric and eccentric contractile performance of skeletal muscle isolated from female CD-1 mice. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:1163-1176. [PMID: 38723238 PMCID: PMC11215475 DOI: 10.1113/ep091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite evidence inferring muscle and contractile mode-specific effects of high-fat diet (HFD), no study has yet considered the impact of HFD directly on eccentric muscle function. The present work uniquely examined the effect of 20-week HFD on the isometric, concentric and eccentric muscle function of isolated mouse soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. CD-1 female mice were randomly split into a control (n = 16) or HFD (n = 17) group and for 20 weeks consumed standard lab chow or HFD. Following this period, SOL and EDL muscles were isolated and assessments of maximal isometric force and concentric work loop (WL) power were performed. Each muscle was then subjected to either multiple concentric or eccentric WL activations. Post-fatigue recovery, as an indicator of incurred damage, was measured via assessment of concentric WL power. In the EDL, absolute concentric power and concentric power normalised to muscle mass were reduced in the HFD group (P < 0.038). HFD resulted in faster concentric fatigue and reduced eccentric activity-induced muscle damage (P < 0.05). For the SOL, maximal isometric force was increased, and maximal eccentric power normalised to muscle mass and concentric fatigue were reduced in the HFD group (P < 0.05). HFD effects on eccentric muscle function are muscle-specific and have little relationship with changes in isometric or concentric function. HFD has the potential to negatively affect the intrinsic concentric and eccentric power-producing capacity of skeletal muscle, but a lack of a within-muscle uniform response indicates disparate mechanisms of action which require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Rob S. James
- Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of BradfordBradfordUK
| | - Emma L. J. Eyre
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Sharn P. Shelley
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Cameron Hill
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's CampusKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Health & Life SciencesCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Josh Hurst
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
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Shams M, Esmaeili F, Sadeghi S, Shanaki-Bavarsad M, Seyyed Ebrahimi SS, Hashemnia SMR, Tajabadi-Ebrahimi M, Emamgholipour S, Shanaki M. Bacillus coagulans T4 and Lactobacillus paracasei TD3 Ameliorate Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6J Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e135249. [PMID: 38116571 PMCID: PMC10728858 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-135249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the effects of Bacillus coagulans T4 and Lactobacillus paracasei TD3 probiotics on skeletal muscle inflammation and oxidative stress in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Probiotics B. coagulans T4, and L. paracasei TD3 were administered to male C57BL/6J mice fed with HFD. The gene expression of macrophage infiltration markers, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress indicators in the muscle tissue was investigated. Results Treatment with B. coagulans T4 and L. paracasei TD3 reduced macrophage infiltration, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and an increase in the expression of interleukin (IL)-10. On the other hand, L. paracasei TD3 decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) while B. coagulans T4 decreased carbonyl and increased catalase activity. Conclusions Treatment with probiotics B. coagulans T4 and L. paracasei TD3 partially ameliorated obesity-induced skeletal muscle inflammation in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Shams
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Shanaki-Bavarsad
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shadi Sadat Seyyed Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Incretin-induced changes in the transcriptome of skeletal muscles of fa/fa Zucker rat (ZFR) with obesity, without diabetes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1311-1318. [PMID: 35383269 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1ra) are increasingly used in treating type 2 diabetes and obesity. Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a long acting GLP-1ra, was previously reported to decrease oxidative stress in hepatocytes, adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells in obese nondiabetic fa/fa Zucker rats (ZFR), thereby improving insulin resistance. AIM We aimed first to identify Ex-4-induced changes in the transcriptome of skeletal muscle cells in ZFR. RESULTS Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZFR versus lean animals (LR) showed that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the first most affected cellular compartment, followed by myofibrils and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Interestingly, among 15 genes regulated in ZFR versus LR, 14 of them were inversely regulated by Ex-4, as further confirmed by RT-qPCR. Picro-Sirius red histological staining showed that decreased ECM fiber area in ZFR is partially restored by Ex-4. Ontology analysis of the myofibril compartment revealed that decreased muscle contractile function in ZFR is partially restored by Ex-4, as confirmed by Phalloidin histological staining that showed a partial restoration by Ex-4 of altered contractile apparatus in ZFR. Ontology analysis of ER DEGs in ZFR versus LR showed that some of them are related to the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Phosphorylated AMPK levels were strongly increased in Ex-4-treated ZFR. CONCLUSION Altogether, our results suggest that GLP-1ra strongly restructure ECM and reinforce contractile capabilities in ZFR, while optimizing the cellular metabolism through AMPK.
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Dimcheva M, Karakuneva S, Titianova Е. Gastrocnemius Muscle Contraction and Its Role in Orthostatic Anti-Gravity Adjustment – The Effects of Body Mass Index. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a global concern with severe detrimental health and economic effect. Body mass index (BMI) is an inexpensive, non-invasive indicator for different diseases, and associated with abnormal weight.
AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and the contraction of gastrocnemius muscle (GM) and its possible role in peripheral muscle pump activity and pathogenesis of orthostatic intolerance.
METHODS: One hundred and four volunteers (63 women and 41 men, mean age 39 ± 14 years) were divided into three subgroups according to their BMI values (with normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Changes in the transverse diameter and pennation angle of GM at rest and during maximal active plantar flexion (MAPF) were measured with multimodal ultrasound imaging. An active orthostatic test was performed and changes in systemic blood pressure and heart rate in supine position and active standing on the 1st, 5th, and 10th min were monitored. The results were statistically processed with alternative, variational, and correlational analysis.
RESULTS: Patients with abnormal BMI were significantly older and had higher anthropometrical parameters compared to the subgroup with normal weight. They showed a significantly larger diameter and pennation angles at rest and during maximal active plantar flexion of GM bilaterally, which was more pronounced for the dominant right leg. However, the amount of changes in the GM diameter and pennation angles was similar in the different subgroups.
CONCLUSION: The study showed that BMI affects predominantly the initial values of GM parameters at rest and MAPF without influence on its antigravity contractility associated with active straightening.
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Luo W, Zhou Y, Tang Q, Ai L, Zhang Y. Modulation of TRIB3 and Macrophage Phenotype to Attenuate Insulin Resistance After Downhill Running in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:637432. [PMID: 34177606 PMCID: PMC8220223 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.637432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccentric exercise training accompanied by a low-fat diet can prevent insulin resistance (IR) and is currently an effective method for the treatment of IR induced by high-fat diet (HFD)-associated obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this improvement of IR in adipose tissue are still not completely clear. In this study, 5–6-week-old male mice were randomly divided into a standard control diet (SCD) group (SC, n = 12) and a HFD group (HF, n = 72). After 12 weeks, 12 mice in each group were randomly sacrificed. The remaining mice in the HF group were randomly submitted to one of the following experimental protocols for 8 weeks: obesity-HFD-sedentary (OHF-Sed, n = 14), obesity-HFD-exercise (OHF-Ex, n = 16), obesity-SCD-sedentary (OSC-Sed, n = 14), and obesity-SCD-exercise (OSC-Ex, n = 16). All obese mice in the exercise group were subjected to downhill running. Half of the mice in each group received an insulin injection (0.75 U/kg) before sample collection. Epididymal fat was removed and weighed. Adipocyte size and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by H&E staining. Both basal and insulin-stimulated GLUT4 fluorescence and protein contents were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Levels of IL-1β and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. Protein contents of iNOS, Arg-1, TRIB3, p-AKT, and AKT were determined by Western blot. CD86 and CD206 fluorescence were determined by immunofluorescence. The results showed that a HFD for 12 weeks induced IR accompanied by adipose tissue macrophages M1 polarization (increased iNOS protein content and CD86 fluorescence) and TRIB3-AKT activation. Downhill running accompanied by a low-fat diet attenuated IR (p < 0.01), reduced inflammation levels (increased IL-10 protein content and decreased IL-1β protein content), inhibited adipose tissue macrophages M1 polarization (decreased iNOS protein content and CD86 fluorescence) and promoted M2 polarization (increased Arg-1 protein content and CD206 fluorescence), and suppressed TRIB3-AKT signaling. We concluded that downhill running accompanied by dietary fat regulation attenuates HFD-related IR in mice, which may be associated with reduced TRIB3-AKT signaling and activated M2 macrophages in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.,Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Ai
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
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Ahmad K, Shaikh S, Lee EJ, Lee YH, Choi I. Consequences of Dicarbonyl Stress on Skeletal Muscle Proteins in Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:878-889. [PMID: 31746292 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666191119100759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body and constitutes almost 40% of body mass. It is also the primary site of insulin-mediated glucose uptake, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance, that is, diminished response to insulin, is characteristic of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). One of the foremost reasons posited to explain the etiology of T2DM involves the modification of proteins by dicarbonyl stress due to an unbalanced metabolism and accumulations of dicarbonyl metabolites. The elevated concentration of dicarbonyl metabolites (i.e., glyoxal, methylglyoxal, 3-deoxyglucosone) leads to DNA and protein modifications, causing cell/tissue dysfunctions in several metabolic diseases such as T2DM and other age-associated diseases. In this review, we recapitulated reported effects of dicarbonyl stress on skeletal muscle and associated extracellular proteins with emphasis on the impact of T2DM on skeletal muscle and provided a brief introduction to the prevention/inhibition of dicarbonyl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Korea
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Honda Y, Tanaka N, Kajiwara Y, Kondo Y, Kataoka H, Sakamoto J, Akimoto R, Nawata A, Okita M. Effect of belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation on immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244120. [PMID: 33983958 PMCID: PMC8118259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Macrophage accumulation in response to decreasing myonuclei may be the major mechanism underlying immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis in muscle contracture, an intervention strategy suppressing these lesions is necessary. Therefore, this research investigated the effect of belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (B-SES), a new electrical stimulation device, to the macrophage accumulation via myonuclei decrease in immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 18 Wistar male rats were divided into the control group, immobilization group (with plaster cast fixation to immobilize the soleus muscles in a shortened position for 2 weeks), and B-SES group (with muscle contractile exercise through B-SES during the immobilization period). B-SES stimulation was performed at a frequency of 50 Hz and an intensity of 4.7 mA, muscle contractile exercise by B-SES was applied to the lower limb muscles for 20 minutes/session (twice a day) for 2 weeks (6 times/week). The bilateral soleus muscles were used for histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular biological analyses. RESULTS The number of myonuclei was significantly higher in the B-SES group than in the immobilization group, and there was no significant difference between the B-SES and control groups. The cross-sectional area of type I and II myofibers in the immobilization and B-SES groups was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the cross-sectional area of type I myofibers in the B-SES group was higher than that in the immobilization group. However, Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 mRNA expression in the immobilization and B-SES groups was significantly higher than those in the control group. Additionally, the number of macrophages, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and α-SMA mRNA expression, and hydroxyproline expression was significantly lower in the control and B-SES groups than those in the immobilization group. CONCLUSION This research surmised that muscle contractile exercise through B-SES prevented immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis, and this alteration suppressed the development of muscle contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Honda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Natsumi Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kajiwara
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kondo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Kataoka
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Sakamoto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryuji Akimoto
- Research and Development Division, HOMER ION Co., Ltd., Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nawata
- Medical Engineering Research Laboratory, ALCARE Co., Ltd., Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Okita
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Health Sciences), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Grillo BAC, Rocha LC, Martinez GZ, Pimentel Neto J, Jacob CDS, Watanabe IS, Ciena AP. Myotendinous Junction Components of Different Skeletal Muscles Present Morphological Changes in Obese Rats. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2021; 27:1-6. [PMID: 33879277 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excess adipose tissue and chronic inflammation and promotes extensive changes that can compromise skeletal muscles’ structural and functional integrity. Obesity can seriously impact the force transmission region between the muscle and the tendon, the myotendinous junction (MTJ). The present study aimed to investigate the plasticity of muscle fibers and MTJ regions in high-fat diet-induced obesity in rat tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SO) muscles. Wistar rats were divided into control and obese groups (induced by a high-fat diet). The samples of TA and SO muscles were prepared for histochemical and ultrastructural analysis (sarcomeres and MTJ projection). In the muscle fiber, similar adaptations were observed between the muscles of the smaller fiber (types I and IIa) in the obesity results. The MTJ region demonstrated different adaptations between the analyzed muscles. The TA–MTJ region has shorter ultrastructures, while in the SO–MTJ region, the ultrastructures were larger. We conclude that obesity induced by a high-fat diet promotes similar adaptation in the muscle fibers; however, in the MTJ region, the sarcoplasmatic projections and adjacent sarcomere demonstrate different adaptations according to distinct muscle phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Aléxia Cristofoletti Grillo
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
| | - Lara C Rocha
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
| | - Giovana Z Martinez
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
| | - Jurandyr Pimentel Neto
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Jacob
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
| | - Ii-Sei Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences -ICB III, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP05508-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano P Ciena
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences (IB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP13506-900, Brazil
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Poompramun C, Molee W, Thumanu K, Molee A. The significant influence of residual feed intake on flavor precursors and biomolecules in slow-growing Korat chicken meat. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1684-1694. [PMID: 33677913 PMCID: PMC8495355 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the association between feed efficiency, physicochemical properties, flavor precursors and biomolecules in the thigh meat of Korat (KR) chickens. Methods The feed intake and body weight of individual male KR chickens were recorded from 1 to 10 weeks old to calculate the individual residual feed intake (RFI) of 75 birds. At 10 weeks of age, chickens with the 10 highest (HRFI) and lowest RFI (LRFI) were slaughtered to provide thigh meat samples. The physicochemical properties (ultimate pH, water holding capacity [WHC], drip loss) and flavor precursors (guanosine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate (IMP), adenosine monophosphate and inosine) were analyzed conventionally, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the composition of biomolecules (lipids, ester lipids, amide I, amide II, amide III, and carbohydrates) and the secondary structure of the proteins. A group t-test was used to determine significant differences between mean values and principal component analysis to classify thigh meat samples into LRFI and HRFI KR chickens. Results The physicochemical properties of thigh meat samples from LRFI and HRFI KR chickens were not significantly different but the IMP content, ratios of lipid, lipid ester, protein (amide I, amide II) were significantly different (p<0.05). The correlation loading results showed that the LRFI group was correlated with high ratios of lipids, lipid esters, collagen content (amide III) and beta sheet protein (rg loading >0.5) while the HRFI group was positively correlated with protein (amide I, amide II), alpha helix protein, IMP content, carbohydrate, ultimate pH and WHC (rg loading >0.5). Conclusion The thigh meat from chickens with different RFI differed in physiochemical properties affecting meat texture, and in the contents of flavor precursors and biomolecules affecting the nutritional value of meat. This information can help animal breeders to make genetic improvements by taking more account of traits related to RFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chotima Poompramun
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Wittawat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
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de Sousa LGO, Marshall AG, Norman JE, Fuqua JD, Lira VA, Rutledge JC, Bodine SC. The effects of diet composition and chronic obesity on muscle growth and function. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:124-138. [PMID: 33211595 PMCID: PMC7944928 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00156.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is associated with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (IR), and an increase in intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), which may lead to disturbances in glucose and protein metabolism. To this matter, it has been speculated that chronic obesity and elevated IMCL may contribute to skeletal muscle loss and deficits in muscle function and growth capacity. Thus, we hypothesized that diets with elevated fat content would induce obesity and insulin resistance, leading to a decrease in muscle mass and an attenuated growth response to increased external loading in adult male mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (8 wk of age) were subjected to five different diets, namely, chow, low-dat-diet (LFD), high-fat-diet (HFD), sucrose, or Western diet, for 28 wk. At 25 wk, HFD and Western diets induced a 60.4% and 35.9% increase in body weight, respectively. Interestingly, HFD, but not Western or sucrose, induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Measurement of isometric torque (ankle plantar flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscles) revealed no effect of DIO on muscle function. At 28 wk of intervention, muscle area and protein synthesis were similar across all diet groups, despite insulin resistance and increased IMCL being observed in HFD and Western diet groups. In response to 30 days of functional overload, an attenuated growth response was observed in only the HFD group. Nevertheless, our results show that DIO alone is not sufficient to induce muscle atrophy and contractile dysfunction in adult male C57BL/6 mice. However, diet composition does have an impact on muscle growth in response to increased external loading.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effects of diet-induced obesity on skeletal muscle mass are complex and dependent on diet composition and diet duration. The present study results show that chronic exposure to high levels of fatty acids does not affect muscle mass, contractile function, or protein synthesis in obese C57BL/6 mice compared with the consumption of chow. Obesity did result in a delay in load-induced growth; however, only a 45% HFD resulted in attenuated growth following 30 days of functional overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís G. O. de Sousa
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jennifer E. Norman
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jordan D. Fuqua
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John C. Rutledge
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sue C. Bodine
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Weng X, Lin D, Huang JTJ, Stimson RH, Wasserman DH, Kang L. Collagen 24 α1 Is Increased in Insulin-Resistant Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165738. [PMID: 32785142 PMCID: PMC7460876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in muscle, liver and adipose tissue is a key characteristic of obesity and insulin resistance. Despite its emerging importance, the effective ECM targets remain largely undefined due to limitations of current approaches. Here, we developed a novel ECM-specific mass spectrometry-based proteomics technique to characterise the global view of the ECM changes in the skeletal muscle and liver of mice after high fat (HF) diet feeding. We identified distinct signatures of HF-induced protein changes between skeletal muscle and liver where the ECM remodelling was more prominent in the muscle than liver. In particular, most muscle collagen isoforms were increased by HF diet feeding whereas the liver collagens were differentially but moderately affected highlighting a different role of the ECM remodelling in different tissues of obesity. Moreover, we identified a novel association between collagen 24α1 and insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle. Using quantitative gene expression analysis, we extended this association to the white adipose tissue. Importantly, collagen 24α1 mRNA was increased in the visceral adipose tissue, but not the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese diabetic subjects compared to lean controls, implying a potential pathogenic role of collagen 24α1 in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Weng
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK; (X.W.); (J.T.J.H.)
| | - De Lin
- Drug Discovery Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK;
| | - Jeffrey T. J. Huang
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK; (X.W.); (J.T.J.H.)
| | - Roland H. Stimson
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, UK;
| | - David H. Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centre, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Li Kang
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK; (X.W.); (J.T.J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1382-383019
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12
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Sabaghi A, Heirani A, Kiani A, Yousofvand N, Sabaghi S. The Reduction of Seizure Intensity and Attenuation of Memory Deficiency and Anxiety-Like Behavior through Aerobic Exercise by Increasing the BDNF in Mice with Chronic Epilepsy. NEUROCHEM J+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712420020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Influence of the integrin alpha-1 subunit and its relationship with high-fat diet upon extracellular matrix synthesis in skeletal muscle and tendon. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:177-187. [PMID: 32112256 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are important for mechanosensation in tissue and play, together with nutrition, a role in regulating extracellular matrix (ECM) in skeletal muscle and tendon. Integrin receptors are dimers that consist of an α and β subunit and bridge extracellular and intracellular signals. The present study investigates whether the deletion of the integrin receptor α1 subunit influences collagen and other matrix proteins in the musculotendinous tissue and whether it causes any compensatory changes in other integrin subunits in C57BL/6J mice. In addition, we study whether a high-fat diet (HFD) influences these responses in muscle or tendon. Mice on a HFD had a higher number of non-enzymatic cross-links in skeletal muscle ECM and increased gene expression of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. In contrast to gene expression, total collagen protein content was decreased by HFD in the muscle with no change in tendon. Integrin α1 subunit knockout resulted in a decrease of collagen type I and III, TGF-β1 and IGF-1 gene expression in muscle of HFD mice but did not affect total collagen protein compared with wild-type (WT) littermates in either muscle or tendon. There was no compensatory increase in the genes that express other integrin subunits. In conclusion, HFD induced a significant increase in expression of ECM genes in muscle. On the protein level, HFD resulted in a lower collagen content in muscle. Tendons were unaffected by the diet. Deletion of the integrin α1 subunit did not affect collagen protein or gene expression in muscle or tendon.
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14
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Cheng AA, Li W, Hernandez LL. Transcriptomic analysis investigating the interaction between peripheral serotonin and high-fat diet feeding on mammary gene expression in midlactation mice. Physiol Genomics 2019; 52:47-55. [PMID: 31814535 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00073.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the role of peripheral serotonin and its interaction with diet in midlactation mammary gene expression, our study uses tryptophan hydroxylase 1 knockout (Tph1-KO) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). It has previously been demonstrated that HFD feeding increases inflammatory and immune pathways in peak lactation mammary glands of mice and increases pup mortality in wild-type (WT) mice compared with dams fed a low-fat diet (LFD). Peripheral serotonin inhibition has been associated with resistance to obesity in male mice fed an HFD. Little is known about the function of Tph1 and how peripheral serotonin affects mammary gland function during pregnancy and lactation. In this study, WT and Tph1-KO models were used to investigate global transcriptomic changes in peak lactation mammary glands when dams were fed either an HFD or LFD. WT and Tph1-KO female mice were assigned to either an LFD or HFD beginning at 3 wk of age (n = 4/group). Dams were euthanized on lactation day 11. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were first filtered by adjusted P value (cutoff ≤ 0.05) and fold-change (FC, cutoff ≥2). Genes were further filtered by mean normalized read count with a cutoff 310. We did not observe many differentially expressed genes in WT and Tph1-KO dams fed LFD. However, 3,529 DEGs were observed between WT-HFD and Tph1-KO-HFD mice, including cell cycle regulation and MAPK pathways being significantly enriched. Further research is required to completely understand the physiological significance of our results on peak lactation mammary physiology and the contribution of serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Cheng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - W Li
- United States Department of Agriculture Dairy Forage, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - L L Hernandez
- Department of Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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15
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Rudrapatna S, Bhatt M, Wang KW, Bierbrier R, Wang PW, Banfield L, Elsheikh W, Sims ED, Peterson D, Thabane L, Tarnopolsky MA, Steinberg GR, Samaan MC. Obesity and muscle-macrophage crosstalk in humans and mice: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2019; 20:1572-1596. [PMID: 31410961 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in insulin resistance (IR), and if not addressed, can lead to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The role of the immune system in skeletal muscle (SM) inflammation and insulin sensitivity is not yet well characterized. As SM IR is an important determinant of glycaemia, it is critical that the muscle-immune phenotype is mapped to help design interventions to target T2D. This systematic review synthesized the evidence for SM macrophage content and phenotype in humans and murine models of obesity, and the association of muscle macrophage content and phenotype with IR. Results were synthesized narratively, as we were unable to conduct a meta-analysis. We included 28 studies (n=10 human, n=18 murine), and all studies detected macrophage markers in SM. Macrophage content was positively associated with IR. In humans and mice, there was variability in muscle macrophage content and phenotype in obesity. Overall certainty in the evidence was low due to heterogeneity in detection methods and incompleteness of data reporting. Macrophages are detected in human and murine SM in obesity and a positive association between macrophage content and IR is noted; however, the standardization of markers, detection methods, and reporting of study details is warranted to accurately characterize macrophages and improve the potential for creating specific and targeted immune-based therapies in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikesh Rudrapatna
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meha Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Bierbrier
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Science Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wagdi Elsheikh
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Danielle Sims
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Devin Peterson
- Division of Orthopedics, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Biostatistics Init, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Ato S, Kido K, Sato K, Fujita S. Type 2 diabetes causes skeletal muscle atrophy but does not impair resistance training-mediated myonuclear accretion and muscle mass gain in rats. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1518-1531. [PMID: 31328833 PMCID: PMC6790689 DOI: 10.1113/ep087585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes skeletal muscle atrophy; does it affect resistance training (RT)‐mediated molecular adaptations and subsequent muscle hypertrophy? What is the main finding and its importance? Although skeletal muscle mass and regulation were not preserved under conditions of T2DM, the response of RT‐induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy was not impaired in T2DM rat skeletal muscle. These findings suggest that the capacity of RT‐mediated muscle mass gain is not diminished in the T2DM condition.
Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to cause skeletal muscle atrophy. However, it is not known whether T2DM affects resistance training (RT)‐mediated molecular adaptations and subsequent muscle hypertrophy. Therefore, we investigated the effect of T2DM on response of skeletal muscle hypertrophy to chronic RT using a rat resistance exercise mimetic model. T2DM and healthy control rats were subjected to 18 bouts (3 times per week) of chronic RT on unilateral lower legs. RT significantly increased gastrocnemius muscle mass and myonuclei in both T2DM and healthy control rats to the same extent, even though T2DM caused muscle atrophy in the resting condition. Further, T2DM significantly reduced mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity (phosphorylation of p70S6KThr389 and 4E‐BP1Thr37/46) to insulin stimulation and the number of myonuclei in the untrained basal condition, but RT‐mediated adaptations were not affected by T2DM. These findings suggested that although the skeletal muscle mass and regulation were not preserved under basal conditions of T2DM, the response of RT‐induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy was not impaired in T2DM rat skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Ato
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Kohei Kido
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Koji Sato
- Faculty of Human Development, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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17
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Bilski J, Mazur-Bialy A, Wojcik D, Magierowski M, Surmiak M, Kwiecien S, Magierowska K, Hubalewska-Mazgaj M, Sliwowski Z, Brzozowski T. Effect of Forced Physical Activity on the Severity of Experimental Colitis in Normal Weight and Obese Mice. Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Biomarkers. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051127. [PMID: 31117199 PMCID: PMC6567060 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders represented by two major phenotypic forms, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Cross talk between adipokines and myokines, as well as changes in intestinal microcirculation, was proposed in pathogenesis of these disorders. C57BL/6 male mice were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks a standard (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD). After the adaptation period, two groups of animals fed SD or HFD were subjected to 6 weeks of the forced treadmill exercise and the experimental colitis was induced in both groups of sedentary and exercising mice fed SD and HFD by intra-colonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. The disease activity index (DAI), colonic blood flow (CBF), the weight of animals, caloric intake, the mesenteric fad pad, the colonic oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and intestinal expression and protein content of proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Macroscopic and microscopic colitis in sedentary SD mice was accompanied by a significant fall in CBF and exacerbated in those fed a HFD. The contents of MDA, GSH, and SOD activity were significantly increased in both SD and HFD fed mice with treadmill exercise as compared with sedentary mice. In sedentary HFD mice a significant increase in the intestinal oxidative stress parameters and mucosal expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-17, IFNγ, IL-6, and IL-10 protein were observed and these effects were aggravated in mice subjected to forced treadmill exercise. The mucosal expression of mRNA for TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, COX-2, SOD-1, SOD-2, GPx mRNAs, and the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression were upregulated in colonic mucosa of treadmill exercising HFD mice with colitis compared with those without exercise. We conclude that forced treadmill running exacerbates the severity of colonic damage in obese mice due to a fall in colonic microcirculation, an increase in oxidative stress, and the rise in expression and activity of proinflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bilski
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 20 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 20 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Wojcik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Slawomir Kwiecien
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Hubalewska-Mazgaj
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Sliwowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Street, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.
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18
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Peck BD, Brightwell CR, Johnson DL, Ireland ML, Noehren B, Fry CS. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Promotes Skeletal Muscle Myostatin Expression, Fibrogenic Cell Expansion, and a Decline in Muscle Quality. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:1385-1395. [PMID: 30995070 PMCID: PMC6995871 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519832864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears result in significant quadriceps muscle atrophy that is resistant to recovery despite extensive rehabilitation. Recent work suggests an elevated fibrotic burden in the quadriceps muscle after the injury, which may limit recovery. Elucidating the mechanisms and cell types involved in the progression of fibrosis is critical for developing new treatment strategies. PURPOSE To identify factors contributing to the elevated fibrotic burden found after the injury. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS After an ACL injury, muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from the injured and noninjured vastus lateralis of young adults (n = 14, mean ± SD: 23 ± 4 years). The expression of myostatin, transforming growth factor β, and other regulatory factors was measured, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess turnover of extracellular matrix components. RESULTS Injured limb skeletal muscle demonstrated elevated myostatin gene ( P < .005) and protein ( P < .0005) expression, which correlated ( R2 = 0.38, P < .05) with fibroblast cell abundance. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that human fibroblasts express the activin type IIB receptor and that isolated primary human muscle-derived fibroblasts increased proliferation after myostatin treatment in vitro ( P < .05). Collagen 1 and fibronectin, primary components of the muscle extracellular matrix, were significantly higher in the injured limb ( P < .05). The abundance of procollagen 1-expressing cells as well as a novel index of collagen remodeling was also elevated in the injured limb ( P < .05). CONCLUSION These findings support a role for myostatin in promoting fibrogenic alterations within skeletal muscle after an ACL injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The current work shows that the cause of muscle quality decline after ACL injury likely involves elevated myostatin expression, and future studies should explore therapeutic inhibition of myostatin to facilitate improvements in muscle recovery and return to sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey D. Peck
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Camille R. Brightwell
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Darren L. Johnson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mary Lloyd Ireland
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Brian Noehren
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Address correspondence to Christopher S. Fry, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1224, USA ()
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19
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The Late Effects of Radiation Therapy on Skeletal Muscle Morphology and Progenitor Cell Content are Influenced by Diet-Induced Obesity and Exercise Training in Male Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6691. [PMID: 31040340 PMCID: PMC6491594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation exposure during muscle development induces long-term decrements to skeletal muscle health, which contribute to reduced quality of life in childhood cancer survivors. Whether the effects of radiation on skeletal muscle are influenced by relevant physiological factors, such as obesity and exercise training remains unknown. Using skeletal muscle from our previously published work examining the effects of obesity and exercise training on radiation-exposed bone marrow, we evaluated the influence of these physiological host factors on irradiated skeletal muscle morphology and cellular dynamics. Mice were divided into control and high fat diet groups with or without exercise training. All mice were then exposed to radiation and continued in their intervention group for an additional 4 weeks. Diet-induced obesity resulted in increased muscle fibrosis, while obesity and exercise training both increased muscle adiposity. Exercise training enhanced myofibre cross-sectional area and the number of satellite cells committed to the myogenic lineage. High fat groups demonstrated an increase in p-NFĸB expression, a trend for a decline in IL-6, and increase in TGFB1. These findings suggest exercise training improves muscle morphology and satellite cell dynamics compared to diet-induced obesity in irradiated muscle, and have implications for exercise interventions in cancer survivors.
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20
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Sfyri PP, Yuldasheva NY, Tzimou A, Giallourou N, Crispi V, Aburima A, Beltran-Alvarez P, Patel K, Mougios V, Swann JR, Kearney MT, Matsakas A. Attenuation of oxidative stress-induced lesions in skeletal muscle in a mouse model of obesity-independent hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis through the inhibition of Nox2 activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:504-519. [PMID: 30342191 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity leading to hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis is recognised to induce morphological and metabolic changes in many tissues. However, hyperlipidaemia can occur in the absence of obesity. The impact of the latter scenario on skeletal muscle and liver is not understood sufficiently. In this regard, we used the Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mouse model, an established model of hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis, that does not become obese when subjected to a high-fat diet, to determine the impact of Western-type diet (WD) and ApoE deficiency on skeletal muscle morphological, metabolic and biochemical properties. To establish the potential of therapeutic targets, we further examined the impact of Nox2 pharmacological inhibition on skeletal muscle redox biology. We found ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and the liver, and altered skeletal muscle morphology and intramuscular triacylglycerol fatty acid composition. WD and ApoE deficiency had a detrimental impact in muscle metabolome, followed by perturbed gene expression for fatty acid uptake and oxidation. Importantly, there was enhanced oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle and development of liver steatosis, inflammation and oxidative protein modifications. Pharmacological inhibition of Nox2 decreased reactive oxygen species production and protein oxidative modifications in the muscle of ApoE-/- mice subjected to a Western-type diet. This study provides key evidence to better understand the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle in the context of hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis and identifies Nox2 as a potential target for attenuating oxidative stress in skeletal muscle in a mouse model of obesity-independent hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pagona Panagiota Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Nadira Y Yuldasheva
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Tzimou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Natasa Giallourou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Vassili Crispi
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Aburima
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Vassilis Mougios
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T Kearney
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, United Kingdom.
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21
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Silva VRR, Katashima CK, Lenhare L, Silva CGB, Morari J, Camargo RL, Velloso LA, Saad MA, da Silva ASR, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER. Chronic exercise reduces hypothalamic transforming growth factor-β1 in middle-aged obese mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1926-1940. [PMID: 28854149 PMCID: PMC5611986 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and aging are associated with hypothalamic inflammation, hyperphagia and abnormalities in the thermogenesis control. It has been demonstrated that the association between aging and obesity induces hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic disorders, at least in part, through the atypical hypothalamic transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1). Physical exercise has been used to modulate several metabolic parameters. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of chronic exercise on TGF-β1 expression in the hypothalamus of Middle-Aged mice submitted to a one year of high-fat diet (HFD) treatment. We observed that long-term of HFD-feeding induced hypothalamic TGF-β1 accumulation, potentiated the hypothalamic inflammation, body weight gain and defective thermogenesis of Middle-Aged mice when compared to Middle-Aged animals fed on chow diet. As expected, chronic exercise induced negative energy balance, reduced food consumption and increasing the energy expenditure, which promotes body weight loss. Interestingly, exercise training reduced the TGF-β1 expression and IkB-α ser32 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus of Middle-Aged obese mice. Taken together our study demonstrated that chronic exercise suppressed the TGF-β1/IkB-α axis in the hypothalamus and improved the energy homeostasis in an animal model of obesity-associated to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner R R Silva
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos K Katashima
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla G B Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, 1308-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael L Camargo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, 1308-970, Brazil
| | - Mario A Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Rodrigo Pauli
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,CEPECE - Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,CEPECE - Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
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22
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Natarajan G, Perriotte-Olson C, Bhinderwala F, Powers R, Desouza CV, Talmon GA, Yuhang J, Zimmerman MC, Kabanov AV, Saraswathi V. Nanoformulated copper/zinc superoxide dismutase exerts differential effects on glucose vs lipid homeostasis depending on the diet composition possibly via altered AMPK signaling. Transl Res 2017; 188:10-26. [PMID: 28867395 PMCID: PMC5819896 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) promotes glucose vs lipid metabolism depending on the diet type. We recently reported that nanoformulated SOD1 (Nano) improved lipid metabolism without altering glucose homeostasis in high-fat (HF) diet-fed mice. Here, we sought to determine the effects and potential mechanisms of Nano in modulating glucose and lipid homeostasis in mice fed a normal chow diet (CD) vs HF diet. Mice were fed a CD or a HF diet (45%) for 10 wk and injected with Nano once every 2 days for 15 days. The fasting glucose level was lower (P < 0.05) in CD + Nano-treated mice compared to control. Conversely, blood glucose was not altered but serum triglycerides were lower in HF + Nano-treated mice. Genes involved in fatty acid synthesis were reduced by Nano in the skeletal muscle of CD but not of HF diet-fed mice. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which promotes both glucose and lipid metabolism depending on the fuel availability, is activated by Nano in CD-fed mice. Moreover, Nano increased phosphorylation of ACC, a downstream target of AMPK, in both CD and HF diet-fed mice. Nano increased mitochondrial respiration in C2C12 myocytes in the presence of glucose or fatty acid, and this effect is inhibited by Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. Our data suggest that Nano promotes glucose and lipid metabolism in CD and HF diet-fed mice, respectively, and this effect is mediated partly via AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Curtis Perriotte-Olson
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Fatema Bhinderwala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Neb; Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Neb
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Neb; Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Neb
| | - Cyrus V Desouza
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Neb; Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Jiang Yuhang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew C Zimmerman
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Neb.
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23
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Lark DS, Wasserman DH. Meta-fibrosis links positive energy balance and mitochondrial metabolism to insulin resistance. F1000Res 2017; 6:1758. [PMID: 29043068 PMCID: PMC5621108 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11653.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance often emerge from positive energy balance and generally are linked to low-grade inflammation. This low-grade inflammation has been called “meta-inflammation” because it is a consequence of the metabolic dysregulation that can accompany overnutrition. One means by which meta-inflammation is linked to insulin resistance is extracellular matrix expansion secondary to meta-inflammation, which we define here as “meta-fibrosis”. The significance of meta-fibrosis is that it reflects a situation in which the extracellular matrix functions as a multi-level integrator of local (for example, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production) and systemic (for example, inflammation) inputs that couple to cellular processes creating insulin resistance. While adipose tissue extracellular matrix remodeling has received considerable attention, it is becoming increasingly apparent that liver and skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling also contributes to insulin resistance. In this review, we address recent advances in our understanding of energy balance, mitochondrial energetics, meta-inflammation, and meta-fibrosis in the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lark
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David H Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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24
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Yoshimura A, Sakamoto J, Honda Y, Kataoka H, Nakano J, Okita M. Cyclic muscle twitch contraction inhibits immobilization-induced muscle contracture and fibrosis in rats. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:487-495. [PMID: 27813681 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1257004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of cyclic muscle twitch contraction caused by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on immobilization-induced muscle contracture and fibrosis in rats. Twenty-nine rats were divided into control, immobilization, and immobilization with muscle contraction groups. The ankle joints of the immobilization and muscle contraction rats were fixed in full plantar flexion with a plaster cast for 4 weeks. In the muscle contraction group, cyclic muscle twitch contraction of the soleus muscle was induced using a commercial device (1 Hz, 4 ± 2 mA, 60 min/day, 5 times/week) with the ankle joint immobilized. The dorsiflexion range of ankle joint motion in the muscle contraction group was significantly greater than that in the immobilization group. The expressions of fibrosis-related genes (i.e., hypoxia inducible factor-1α, transforming growth factor-β1, α-smooth muscle actin, and types I and III collagen) were significantly decreased in the muscle contraction group compared to the immobilization group. The fluorescence intensities of type I and type III collagen in the perimysium and endomysium in the muscle contraction group were significantly decreased compared to the immobilization group. These results suggest that cyclic muscle twitch contraction induced by NMES might alleviate skeletal muscle fibrosis, reducing immobilization-induced muscle contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Yoshimura
- a Department of Rehabilitation , Nagasaki Memorial Hospital , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Junya Sakamoto
- b Department of Physical Therapy Science, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Yuichiro Honda
- c Department of Rehabilitation , Nagasaki University Hospital , Nagasaki , Japan.,d Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Hideki Kataoka
- a Department of Rehabilitation , Nagasaki Memorial Hospital , Nagasaki , Japan.,d Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Jiro Nakano
- b Department of Physical Therapy Science, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Minoru Okita
- d Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences , Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
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25
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Martinez-Huenchullan S, McLennan SV, Verhoeven A, Twigg SM, Tam CS. The emerging role of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and exercise. Obes Rev 2017; 18:776-790. [PMID: 28474421 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling has been proposed as a new feature associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Exercise training improves muscle function in obesity, which may be mediated by regulatory effects on the muscle extracellular matrix. This review examined available literature on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise. A non-systematic literature review was performed on PubMed of publications from 1970 to 2015. A total of 37 studies from humans and animals were retained. Studies reported overall increases in gene and protein expression of different types of collagen, growth factors and enzymatic regulators of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix in obesity. Only two studies investigated the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix during obesity, with both suggesting a regulatory effect of exercise. The effects of exercise on muscle extracellular matrix seem to be influenced by the duration and type of exercise training with variable effects from a single session compared with a longer duration of exercise. More studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Martinez-Huenchullan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S V McLennan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Verhoeven
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S M Twigg
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - C S Tam
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Increased calf and plantar muscle fibrotic contents in obese subjects may cause ankle instability. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160206. [PMID: 27380952 PMCID: PMC4986408 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is strongly associated with musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limb, including ankle instability and resulting gait problems. In the present study, we aimed to examine, using paired comparisons of subjects, whether moderate duration of obesity in patients with mild to moderate elevations of body mass index (BMI), changes the fibrous contents of muscles that support the ankle mortices, namely calf and plantar muscles. We attempted to examine these parameters because this shall provide direct evidence of whether obesity directly impacts myoarchitecture and support of the adjoining joints. MRI image segmentation and pixel correlations by grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and entropy were used to analyse the changes. The differences in the means between groups (both GLCM and entropy) were significant from control lean populations (P<0.0001, ANOVA) for the parameters examined for both the calf and the plantar muscles. Reduction in weight should thus be a first-line approach in preventing these changes that may significantly affect quality of life due to gait disturbances.
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27
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Wen F, Zheng J, Yu J, Gao M, Gao S, Zhou Y, Liu J, Yang Z. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the regulation of myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1313-20. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1153951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Obesity is documented to be a state of chronic mild inflammation associated with increased macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and liver and skeletal muscle. As a pleiotropic inflammatory mediator, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is associated with metabolic disease, so MIF may signal molecular links between adipocytes and myocytes. MIF expression was modified during myoblast differentiation, but the role of MIF during this process is unclear. C2C12 cells were transfected with MIF to investigate their role during differentiation. MIF expression attenuated C2C12 differentiation. It did not change proliferation, but downregulated cyclin D1 and CDK4, causing cell accumulation in the G1 phase. p21 protein was increased significantly and MyoD, MyoG, and p21 mRNA also increased significantly in the C2C12 cells treated with ISO-1, suggesting that inhibition of MIF promotes differentiation. MIF inhibits the myoblast differentiation by affecting the cell cycle progression, but does not affect proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mingju Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Sumin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Zaiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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28
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Exenatide reverses dysregulated microRNAs in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 10:315-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Petrosino JM, Heiss VJ, Maurya SK, Kalyanasundaram A, Periasamy M, LaFountain RA, Wilson JM, Simonetti OP, Ziouzenkova O. Graded Maximal Exercise Testing to Assess Mouse Cardio-Metabolic Phenotypes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148010. [PMID: 26859763 PMCID: PMC4747552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional assessments of cardiovascular fitness (CVF) are needed to establish animal models of dysfunction, test the effects of novel therapeutics, and establish the cardio-metabolic phenotype of mice. In humans, the graded maximal exercise test (GXT) is a standardized diagnostic for assessing CVF and mortality risk. These tests, which consist of concurrent staged increases in running speed and inclination, provide diagnostic cardio-metabolic parameters, such as, VO2max, anaerobic threshold, and metabolic crossover. Unlike the human-GXT, published mouse treadmill tests have set, not staged, increases in inclination as speed progress until exhaustion (PXT). Additionally, they often lack multiple cardio-metabolic parameters. Here, we developed a mouse-GXT with the intent of improving mouse-exercise testing sensitivity and developing translatable parameters to assess CVF in healthy and dysfunctional mice. The mouse-GXT, like the human-GXT, incorporated staged increases in inclination, speed, and intensity; and, was designed by considering imitations of the PXT and differences between human and mouse physiology. The mouse-GXT and PXTs were both tested in healthy mice (C57BL/6J, FVBN/J) to determine their ability to identify cardio-metabolic parameters (anaerobic threshold, VO2max, metabolic crossover) observed in human-GXTs. Next, theses assays were tested on established diet-induced (obese-C57BL/6J) and genetic (cardiac isoform Casq2-/-) models of cardiovascular dysfunction. Results showed that both tests reported VO2max and provided reproducible data about performance. Only the mouse-GXT reproducibly identified anaerobic threshold, metabolic crossover, and detected impaired CVF in dysfunctional models. Our findings demonstrated that the mouse-GXT is a sensitive, non-invasive, and cost-effective method for assessing CVF in mice. This new test can be used as a functional assessment to determine the cardio-metabolic phenotype of various animal models or the effects of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Petrosino
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, College of Education & Human Ecology, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Biomedical Sciences Program, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Valerie J. Heiss
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, College of Education & Human Ecology, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Santosh K. Maurya
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orland, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anuradha Kalyanasundaram
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orland, Florida, United States of America
| | - Richard A. LaFountain
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, College of Education & Human Ecology, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacob M. Wilson
- Department of Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Orlando P. Simonetti
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ouliana Ziouzenkova
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, College of Education & Human Ecology, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Harraz AM, El-Assmy A, Mahmoud O, Elbakry AA, Tharwat M, Omar H, Farg H, Laymon M, Mosbah A. Is there a way to predict failure after direct vision internal urethrotomy for single and short bulbar urethral strictures? Arab J Urol 2015; 13:277-81. [PMID: 26609447 PMCID: PMC4656799 DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify patient and stricture characteristics predicting failure after direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) for single and short (<2 cm) bulbar urethral strictures. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the records of adult patients who underwent DVIU between January 2002 and 2013. The patients' demographics and stricture characteristics were analysed. The primary outcome was procedure failure, defined as the need for regular self-dilatation (RSD), redo DVIU or substitution urethroplasty. Predictors of failure were analysed. RESULTS In all, 430 adult patients with a mean (SD) age of 50 (15) years were included. The main causes of stricture were idiopathic followed by iatrogenic in 51.6% and 26.3% of patients, respectively. Most patients presented with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (68.9%) and strictures were proximal bulbar, i.e. just close to the external urethral sphincter, in 35.3%. The median (range) follow-up duration was 29 (3-132) months. In all, 250 (58.1%) patients did not require any further instrumentation, while RSD was maintained in 116 (27%) patients, including 28 (6.5%) who required a redo DVIU or urethroplasty. In 64 (6.5%) patients, a redo DVIU or urethroplasty was performed. On multivariate analysis, older age at presentation [odds ratio (OR) 1.017; P = 0.03], obesity (OR 1.664; P = 0.015), and idiopathic strictures (OR 3.107; P = 0.035) were independent predictors of failure after DVIU. CONCLUSION The failure rate after DVIU accounted for 41.8% of our present cohort with older age at presentation, obesity, and idiopathic strictures independent predictors of failure after DVIU. This information is important in counselling patients before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Harraz
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Assmy
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Osama Mahmoud
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Amr A Elbakry
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | | | - Helmy Omar
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Hashim Farg
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Laymon
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mosbah
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
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