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Regina-Ferreira L, Valdivieso-Rivera F, Angelim MKSC, Menezes Dos Reis L, de Oliveira Furino VO, Morari J, Maia de Souza L, Consoni SR, Sponton CH, Moraes Vieira PM, Velloso LA. Inhibition of Crif1 protects fatty acid-induced POMC neuron damage by increasing CPT-1 function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024. [PMID: 38597829 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00420.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neurons are sensors of signals that reflect the energy stores in the body. Inducing mild stress in proopiomelanocortin neurons protect them from the damage promoted by the consumption of a high-fat diet, mitigating the development of obesity; however, the cellular mechanisms behind these effects are unknown. Here, we induced mild stress in a proopiomelanocortin neuron cell line by inhibiting Crif1. In proopiomelanocortin neurons exposed to high levels of palmitate, the partial inhibition of Crif1 reverted the defects in mitochondrial respiration and ATP production; this was accompanied by improved mitochondrial fusion/fission cycling. Furthermore, the partial inhibition of Crif1 resulted in increased reactive oxygen species production, increased fatty acid oxidation, and reduced dependency on glucose for mitochondrial respiration. These changes were dependent on the activity of CPT-1. Thus, we identified a CPT-1-dependent metabolic shift towards greater utilization of fatty acids as substrates for respiration as the mechanism behind the protective effect of mild stress against palmitate-induced damage of proopiomelanocortin neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joseane Morari
- Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pedro M Moraes Vieira
- Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Paim LR, da Silva LM, Antunes-Correa LM, Ribeiro VC, Schreiber R, Minin EO, Bueno LC, Lopes EC, Yamaguti R, Coy-Canguçu A, Dertkigil SSJ, Sposito A, Matos-Souza JR, Quinaglia T, Neilan TG, Velloso LA, Nadruz W, Jerosch-Herold M, Coelho-Filho OR. Profile of serum microRNAs in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction: Correlation with myocardial remodeling. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27206. [PMID: 38515724 PMCID: PMC10955197 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis are key components of myocardial remodeling in Heart Failure (HF) with preserved (HFpEF) or reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, evolutionarily conserved RNA molecules that may offer novel insights into myocardial remodeling. This study aimed to characterize miRNA expression in HFpEF (LVEF ≥ 45%) and HFrEF (LVEF < 45%) and its association with myocardial remodeling. Methods Prospectively enrolled symptomatic HF patients (HFpEF:n = 36; HFrEF:n = 31) and controls (n = 23) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with T1-mapping and circulating miRNA expression (OpenArray system). Results 13 of 188 miRNAs were differentially expressed between HF groups (11 downregulated in HFpEF). Myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) was increased in both HF groups (HFpEF 30 ± 5%; HFrEF 30 ± 3%; controls 26 ± 2%, p < 0.001). miR-128a-3p, linked to cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction, correlated positively with ECV in HFpEF (r = 0.60, p = 0.01) and negatively in HFrEF (r = - 0.51, p = 0.04). miR-423-5p overexpression, previously associated HF mortality, was inversely associated with LVEF (r = - 0.29, p = 0.04) and intracellular water lifetime (τ ic) (r = - 0.45, p < 0.05) in both HF groups, and with NT-proBNP in HFpEF (r = - 0.63, p < 0.01). Conclusions miRNA expression profiles differed between HF phenotypes. The differential expression and association of miR-128a-3p with ECV may reflect the distinct vascular, interstitial, and cellular etiologies of HF phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layde Rosane Paim
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Miguel da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberto Schreiber
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduarda O.Z. Minin
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa C.M. Bueno
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisangela C.P. Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Yamaguti
- Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa Coy-Canguçu
- Faculdade de Medicina – Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrei Sposito
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Quinaglia
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Division of Cardiology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomas G. Neilan
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Division of Cardiology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Jerosch-Herold
- Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Ferreira SRG, Macotela Y, Velloso LA, Mori MA. Determinants of obesity in Latin America. Nat Metab 2024; 6:409-432. [PMID: 38438626 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Obesity rates are increasing almost everywhere in the world, although the pace and timing for this increase differ when populations from developed and developing countries are compared. The sharp and more recent increase in obesity rates in many Latin American countries is an example of that and results from regional characteristics that emerge from interactions between multiple factors. Aware of the complexity of enumerating these factors, we highlight eight main determinants (the physical environment, food exposure, economic and political interest, social inequity, limited access to scientific knowledge, culture, contextual behaviour and genetics) and discuss how they impact obesity rates in Latin American countries. We propose that initiatives aimed at understanding obesity and hampering obesity growth in Latin America should involve multidisciplinary, global approaches that consider these determinants to build more effective public policy and strategies, accounting for regional differences and disease complexity at the individual and systemic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yazmín Macotela
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM Campus-Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Zangerolamo L, Carvalho M, Velloso LA, Barbosa HCL. Endocrine FGFs and their signaling in the brain: Relevance for energy homeostasis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176248. [PMID: 38056616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 2000, there has been a continuous expansion of studies investigating the physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology of endocrine fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23 comprise a subfamily with attributes that distinguish them from typical FGFs, as they can act as hormones and are, therefore, referred to as endocrine FGFs. As they participate in a broad cross-organ endocrine signaling axis, endocrine FGFs are crucial lipidic, glycemic, and energetic metabolism regulators during energy availability fluctuations. They function as powerful metabolic signals in physiological responses induced by metabolic diseases, like type 2 diabetes and obesity. Pharmacologically, FGF19 and FGF21 cause body weight loss and ameliorate glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure in rodents and humans. In contrast, FGF23 expression in mice and humans has been linked with insulin resistance and obesity. Here, we discuss emerging concepts in endocrine FGF signaling in the brain and critically assess their putative role as therapeutic targets for treating metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Zangerolamo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Carvalho
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Dragano NRV, Milbank E, Haddad-Tóvolli R, Garrido-Gil P, Nóvoa E, Fondevilla MF, Capelli V, Zanesco AM, Solon C, Morari J, Pires L, Estevez-Salguero Á, Beiroa D, González-García I, Barca-Mayo O, Diéguez C, Nogueiras R, Labandeira-García JL, Rexen Ulven E, Ulven T, Claret M, Velloso LA, López M. Hypothalamic free fatty acid receptor-1 regulates whole-body energy balance. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101840. [PMID: 38036170 PMCID: PMC10784317 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR1) is a medium- and long-chain fatty acid sensing G protein-coupled receptor that is highly expressed in the hypothalamus. Here, we investigated the central role of FFAR1 on energy balance. METHODS Central FFAR1 agonism and virogenic knockdown were performed in mice. Energy balance studies, infrared thermographic analysis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and molecular analysis of the hypothalamus, BAT, white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver were carried out. RESULTS Pharmacological stimulation of FFAR1, using central administration of its agonist TUG-905 in diet-induced obese mice, decreases body weight and is associated with increased energy expenditure, BAT thermogenesis and browning of subcutaneous WAT (sWAT), as well as reduced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels, reduced inflammation, and decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the hypothalamus. As FFAR1 is expressed in distinct hypothalamic neuronal subpopulations, we used an AAV vector expressing a shRNA to specifically knockdown Ffar1 in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) of obese mice. Our data showed that knockdown of Ffar1 in POMC neurons promoted hyperphagia and body weight gain. In parallel, these mice developed hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. CONCLUSIONS FFAR1 emerges as a new hypothalamic nutrient sensor regulating whole body energy balance. Moreover, pharmacological activation of FFAR1 could provide a therapeutic advance in the management of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia R V Dragano
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain; Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Edward Milbank
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Roberta Haddad-Tóvolli
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Gil
- Department of Morphological Sciences, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Nóvoa
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevilla
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Valentina Capelli
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Ariane Maria Zanesco
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leticia Pires
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ánxela Estevez-Salguero
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Ismael González-García
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Olga Barca-Mayo
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain
| | - José L Labandeira-García
- Department of Morphological Sciences, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Rexen Ulven
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trond Ulven
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Claret
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 08036, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Miguel López
- Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 15706, Spain.
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Biolcatti CF, Bobbo VC, Solon C, Morari J, Haddad-Tovolli R, Araujo EP, Simoes MR, Velloso LA. Pregnancy Protects against Abnormal Gut Permeability Promoted via the Consumption of a High-Fat Diet in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:5041. [PMID: 38140300 PMCID: PMC10746116 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of large amounts of dietary fats and pregnancy are independent factors that can promote changes in gut permeability and the gut microbiome landscape. However, there is limited evidence regarding the impact of pregnancy on the regulation of such parameters in females fed a high-fat diet. Here, gut permeability and microbiome landscape were evaluated in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity in pregnancy. The results show that pregnancy protected against the harmful effects of the consumption of a high-fat diet as a disruptor of gut permeability; thus, there was a two-fold reduction in FITC-dextran passage to the bloodstream compared to non-pregnant mice fed a high-fat diet (p < 0.01). This was accompanied by an increased expression of gut barrier-related transcripts, particularly in the ileum. In addition, the beneficial effect of pregnancy on female mice fed the high-fat diet was accompanied by a reduced presence of bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridia, and by increased Lactobacillus murinus in the gut (p < 0.05). Thus, this study advances the understanding of how pregnancy can act during a short window of time, protecting against the harmful effects of the consumption of a high-fat diet by promoting an increased expression of transcripts encoding proteins involved in the regulation of gut permeability, particularly in the ileum, and promoting changes in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio F. Biolcatti
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-894, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C. Bobbo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
- School of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Roberta Haddad-Tovolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana P. Araujo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
- School of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Marcela R. Simoes
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil; (C.F.B.); (V.C.B.); (C.S.); (J.M.); (R.H.-T.); (E.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-894, Brazil
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Souza SPM, Frasson FC, Takahashi MES, Duarte GBO, Castro VP, Pericole FV, Velloso LA, De Souza CA, Lorand-Metze I, Santos AO, Ramos CD. Head-to-head comparison of [ 68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT in multiple myeloma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2432-2440. [PMID: 36988710 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT image findings in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS Twenty consecutive patients with symptomatic biopsy-proven MM were submitted to whole body [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT with a time interval of 1-8 days between procedures. All lesions were counted and had their maximum SUV (SUVmax) measured. Intra-class correlation (ICC) was used to assess the agreement between [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT findings. RESULTS A total of 266 lesions were detected in 19/20 patients. [18F]FDG detected 223/266 (84%) lesions in 17 patients and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 190/266 (71%) lesions in 19 patients. Both procedures did not identify any active lesion in 1 patient. Forty-three (16%) lesions were detected only by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and 76 (29%) only by [18F]FDG. Both tracers identified 147 (55%) lesions. Intralesional mismatch of FDG-PSMA uptake was identified in 25 of these 147 lesions, found in 8 different patients. Different lesions with uptake of only [18F]FDG or [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 in the same patient were found in 4 patients. The highest SUVmax of [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 had a median (min-max) SUVmax of 6.5 (2.0-37.8) and 5.5 (1.7-51.3), respectively. [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 respectively identified 18 and 19 soft tissue lesions. False-positive [18F]FDG findings had minimal or no uptake of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. Good reliability (ICC ≥ 0.75) was found for number of lesions, number of soft tissue lesions and highest SUVmax in each patient. CONCLUSION [18F]FDG or [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 alone can detect most MM lesions. Almost half of the lesions take up only one of the tracers, reflecting increased glycolysis or angiogenesis in specific lesions, and suggesting their possible complementary role in MM. The marked [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 uptake in some cases raises the possibility of a theranostic approach in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan P M Souza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C Frasson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Gislaine B O Duarte
- Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vania P Castro
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernando V Pericole
- Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carmino A De Souza
- Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Irene Lorand-Metze
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Allan O Santos
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Celso D Ramos
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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Prado TP, Jara CP, Dias Bóbbo VC, Carraro RS, Sidarta-Oliveira D, de Mendonça GRA, Velloso LA, Araújo EP. A Free Fatty Acid Synthetic Agonist Accelerates Wound Healing and Improves Scar Quality in Mice. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:353-366. [PMID: 36444640 DOI: 10.1177/10998004221142331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired wound healing is a health problem around the world, and the search for a novel product to repair wounded skin is a major topic in the field. GW9508 is a synthetic molecule described as a selective agonist of free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) 1 and 4, and there is evidence of its anti-inflammatory effects on several organs of the body. PURPOSE Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of topical GW9508 on wound healing in mice. RESEARCH DESIGN First, we used bioinformatic methods to determine the expression of FFAR1 and FFAR4 mRNA in the skin from a human cell atlas assembled with single-cell transcriptomes. Next, we employed 6-week-old C57BL6J mice with 2 wounds inflicted in the back. The mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, a control group, which received topical vehicle, and a treatment group, which received GW9508, for 12 days. The wound was monitored by photographic documentation every 2 days, and samples were collected at day 6 and 12 post injury for RT-PCR, western blot and histology analyses. RESULTS FFAR1 and FFAR4 mRNA are expressed in skin cells in similar amounts to those in other tissues. Topical GW9508 accelerated wound healing and decreased gene expression of IL-10 and metalloproteinase 9 on days 6 and 12 post injury. It increased the quantity of Collagen I and improved the organization of collagen fibres. Conclusions: Our results show that GW9508 could be an attractive drug treatment for wounded skin. Future studies need to be performed to assess the impact of GW9508 in chronic wound models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais P Prado
- Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Jara
- Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Dias Bóbbo
- Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Carraro
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R A de Mendonça
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araújo
- Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center - OCRC, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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9
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Gaspar RS, Delafiori J, Zuccoli G, Carregari VC, Prado TP, Morari J, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Solon CS, Catharino RR, Araujo EP, Martins-de-Souza D, Velloso LA. Exogenous succinate impacts mouse brown adipose tissue mitochondrial proteome and potentiates body mass reduction induced by liraglutide. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E226-E240. [PMID: 36724126 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00231.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the leading noncommunicable diseases in the world. Despite intense efforts to develop strategies to prevent and treat obesity, its prevalence continues to rise worldwide. A recent study has shown that the tricarboxylic acid intermediate succinate increases body energy expenditure by promoting brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through the activation of uncoupling protein-1; this has generated interest surrounding its potential usefulness as an approach to treat obesity. It is currently unknown how succinate impacts brown adipose tissue protein expression, and how exogenous succinate impacts body mass reduction promoted by a drug approved to treat human obesity, the glucagon-like-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide. In the first part of this study, we used bottom-up shotgun proteomics to determine the acute impact of exogenous succinate on the brown adipose tissue. We show that succinate rapidly affects the expression of 177 brown adipose tissue proteins, which are mostly associated with mitochondrial structure and function. In the second part of this study, we performed a short-term preclinical pharmacological intervention, treating diet-induced obese mice with a combination of exogenous succinate and liraglutide. We show that the combination was more efficient than liraglutide alone in promoting body mass reduction, food energy efficiency reduction, food intake reduction, and an increase in body temperature. Using serum metabolomics analysis, we showed that succinate, but not liraglutide, promoted a significant increase in the blood levels of several medium and long-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, exogenous succinate promotes rapid changes in brown adipose tissue mitochondrial proteins, and when used in association with liraglutide, increases body mass reduction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exogenous succinate induces major changes in brown adipose tissue protein expression affecting particularly mitochondrial respiration and structural proteins. When given exogenously in drinking water, succinate mitigates body mass gain in a rodent model of diet-induced obesity; in addition, when given in association with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, succinate increases body mass reduction promoted by liraglutide alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S Gaspar
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jeany Delafiori
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Zuccoli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Thais P Prado
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carina S Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Catharino
- INNOVARE Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- National Institute of Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Carmo HRP, Yoshinaga MY, Castillo AR, Britto Chaves-Filho A, Bonilha I, Barreto J, Muraro SP, de Souza GF, Davanzo GG, Perroud MW, Lukhna K, Ntsekhe M, Davidson S, Velloso LA, Nadruz W, Carvalho LSF, Sáinz-Jaspeado M, Farias AS, Proença-Módena JL, Moraes-Vieira PM, Karathanasis SK, Yellon D, Miyamoto S, Remaley AT, Sposito AC. Phenotypic changes in low-density lipoprotein particles as markers of adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:107552. [PMID: 36889041 PMCID: PMC9969752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plasma concentration decline is a biomarker for acute inflammatory diseases, including coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Phenotypic changes in LDL during COVID-19 may be equally related to adverse clinical outcomes. METHODS Individuals hospitalized due to COVID-19 (n = 40) were enrolled. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 30 (D0, D2, D4, D6, and D30). Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity were measured. In a consecutive series of cases (n = 13), LDL was isolated by gradient ultracentrifugation from D0 and D6 and was quantified by lipidomic analysis. Association between clinical outcomes and LDL phenotypic changes was investigated. RESULTS In the first 30 days, 42.5% of participants died due to Covid-19. The serum ox-LDL increased from D0 to D6 (p < 0.005) and decreased at D30. Moreover, individuals who had an ox-LDL increase from D0 to D6 to over the 90th percentile died. The plasma Lp-PLA2 activity also increased progressively from D0 to D30 (p < 0.005), and the change from D0 to D6 in Lp-PLA2 and ox-LDL were positively correlated (r = 0.65, p < 0.0001). An exploratory untargeted lipidomic analysis uncovered 308 individual lipids in isolated LDL particles. Paired-test analysis from D0 and D6 revealed higher concentrations of 32 lipid species during disease progression, mainly represented by lysophosphatidyl choline and phosphatidylinositol. In addition, 69 lipid species were exclusively modulated in the LDL particles from non-survivors as compared to survivors. CONCLUSIONS Phenotypic changes in LDL particles are associated with disease progression and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients and could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Y Yoshinaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Stéfanie Primon Muraro
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fabiano de Souza
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Gastão Davanzo
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kishal Lukhna
- Division of Cardiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mpiko Ntsekhe
- Division of Cardiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sean Davidson
- Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Internal Medicine Department, Unicamp Medical School, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Cardiology Division, Unicamp Medical School, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandro S Farias
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Hub of Global Health (HGH), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Proença-Módena
- Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Hub of Global Health (HGH), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Moraes-Vieira
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Hub of Global Health (HGH), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sotirios K Karathanasis
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory Translational Vascular Medicine Branch National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Derek Yellon
- Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory Translational Vascular Medicine Branch National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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11
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de Lima F, Moraes CRP, Barbosa MS, Bombassaro B, Palma AC, Dertkigil SSJ, Moretti ML, Orsi FA, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM, Mansour E, Velloso LA, De Paula EV. Association of heme-oxygenase 1, hemopexin, and heme levels with markers of disease severity in COVID-19. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:309-316. [PMID: 36740756 PMCID: PMC9902789 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221139185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is an enzyme with well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, whose levels have been previously associated with disease severity in the context of sterile and infectious diseases. Moreover, the heme/HO-1 pathway has been associated with prothrombotic changes in other diseases. Accordingly, the potential of modulating HO-1 levels for the treatment of COVID-19 was extensively speculated during the COVID-19 pandemic, but very few actual data were generated. The aim of our study was to explore the association of HO-1, heme, and hemopexin (HPX) levels with COVID-19 severity and with markers of inflammation and coagulation activation. The study was conducted in 30 consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted due to hypoxemia, and 30 healthy volunteers matched by sex, age, and geographic region. HO-1 and HPX levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and heme levels were measured by a colorimetric method. A comprehensive panel of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation was also used. Patients with COVID-19 presented increased levels of HO-1 when compared to controls (5741 ± 2696 vs 1953 ± 612 pg/mL, respectively, P < 0.0001), as well as a trend toward increased levels of HPX (3.724 ± 0.880 vs 3.254 ± 1.022 mg/mL, respectively; P = 0.06). In addition, HO-1 and HPX levels reduced from admission to day + 4. HO-1 levels were associated with duration of intensive care unit stay and with several markers of coagulation activation. In conclusion, modulation of HO-1 could be associated with the prothrombotic state observed in COVID-19, and HO-1 could also represent a relevant biomarker for COVID-19. New independent studies are warranted to explore and expand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele de Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil,Franciele de Lima.
| | | | - Mayck Silva Barbosa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - André C Palma
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | | | - Joyce M Annichino-Bizzacchi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil,Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Eli Mansour
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Erich Vinicius De Paula
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil,Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, Brazil
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12
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Haddad-Tóvolli R, Morari J, Barbizan R, Bóbbo VC, Carraro RS, Solon C, Dragano NR, Torsoni MA, Araujo EP, Velloso LA. Maternal obesity damages the median eminence blood-brain barrier structure and function in the progeny: the beneficial impact of cross-fostering by lean mothers. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E154-E166. [PMID: 36598900 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00268.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is an important risk factor for obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases in the offspring. Studies have shown that it leads to hypothalamic inflammation in the progeny, affecting the function of neurons regulating food intake and energy expenditure. In adult mice fed a high-fat diet, one of the hypothalamic abnormalities that contribute to the development of obesity is the damage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) at the median eminence-arcuate nucleus (ME-ARC) interface; however, how the hypothalamic BBB is affected in the offspring of obese mothers requires further investigation. Here, we used confocal and transmission electron microscopy, transcript expression analysis, glucose tolerance testing, and a cross-fostering intervention to determine the impact of maternal obesity and breastfeeding on BBB integrity at the ME-ARC interface. The offspring of obese mothers were born smaller; conversely, at weaning, they presented larger body mass and glucose intolerance. In addition, maternal obesity-induced structural and functional damage of the offspring's ME-ARC BBB. By a cross-fostering intervention, some of the defects in barrier integrity and metabolism seen during development in an obesogenic diet were recovered. The offspring of obese dams breastfed by lean dams presented a reduction of body mass and glucose intolerance as compared to the offspring continuously exposed to an obesogenic environment during intrauterine and perinatal life; this was accompanied by partial recovery of the anatomical structure of the ME-ARC interface, and by the normalization of transcript expression of genes coding for hypothalamic neurotransmitters involved in energy balance and BBB integrity. Thus, maternal obesity promotes structural and functional damage of the hypothalamic BBB, which is, in part, reverted by lactation by lean mothers.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Maternal dietary habits directly influence offspring health. In this study, we aimed at determining the impact of maternal obesity on BBB integrity. We show that DIO offspring presented a leakier ME-BBB, accompanied by changes in the expression of transcripts encoding for endothelial and tanycytic proteins, as well as of hypothalamic neuropeptides. Breastfeeding in lean dams was sufficient to protect the offspring from ME-BBB disruption, providing a preventive strategy of nutritional intervention during early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Haddad-Tóvolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roberta Barbizan
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Bóbbo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Carraro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Center for Anatomy Studies, University San Francisco (USF), Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nathalia R Dragano
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Márcio A Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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13
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Velloso LA. The first immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E185-E186. [PMID: 36542846 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00316.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Licio A Velloso
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
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14
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Silva BRS, Jara CP, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Velloso LA, Velander WH, Araújo EP. Downregulation of the Protein C Signaling System Is Associated with COVID-19 Hypercoagulability-A Single-Cell Transcriptomics Analysis. Viruses 2022; 14:2753. [PMID: 36560757 PMCID: PMC9785999 DOI: 10.3390/v14122753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the interface between coagulation and the immune response, it is expected that COVID-19-associated coagulopathy occurs via activated protein C signaling. The objective was to explore putative changes in the expression of the protein C signaling network in the liver, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and nasal epithelium of patients with COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing data from patients with COVID-19 and healthy subjects were obtained from the COVID-19 Cell Atlas database. A functional protein-protein interaction network was constructed for the protein C gene. Patients with COVID-19 showed downregulation of protein C and components of the downstream protein C signaling cascade. The percentage of hepatocytes expressing protein C was lower. Part of the liver cell clusters expressing protein C presented increased expression of ACE2. In PBMC, there was increased ACE2, inflammatory, and pro-coagulation transcripts. In the nasal epithelium, PROC, ACE2, and PROS1 were expressed by the ciliated cell cluster, revealing co-expression of ACE-2 with transcripts encoding proteins belonging to the coagulation and immune system interface. Finally, there was upregulation of coagulation factor 3 transcript in the liver and PBMC. Protein C could play a mechanistic role in the hypercoagulability syndrome affecting patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Rafaela Santos Silva
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas 13084-970, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Carl Von Linnaeus, s/n, Campinas 13084-864, Brazil
| | - Carlos Poblete Jara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0643, USA
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Carl Von Linnaeus, s/n, Campinas 13084-864, Brazil
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Carl Von Linnaeus, s/n, Campinas 13084-864, Brazil
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - William H. Velander
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0643, USA
| | - Eliana P. Araújo
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas 13084-970, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center, OCRC, University of Campinas, Carl Von Linnaeus, s/n, Campinas 13084-864, Brazil
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15
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Katashima CK, de Oliveira Micheletti T, Braga RR, Gaspar RS, Goeminne LJE, Moura-Assis A, Crisol BM, Brícola RS, Silva VRR, de Oliveira Ramos C, da Rocha AL, Tavares MR, Simabuco FM, Matheus VA, Buscaratti L, Marques-Souza H, Pazos P, Gonzalez-Touceda D, Tovar S, del Carmen García M, Neto JCR, Curi R, Hirabara SM, Brum PC, Prada PO, de Moura LP, Pauli JR, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Velloso LA, Ropelle ER. Evidence for a neuromuscular circuit involving hypothalamic interleukin-6 in the control of skeletal muscle metabolism. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm7355. [PMID: 35905178 PMCID: PMC9337767 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic interleukin-6 (IL6) exerts a broad metabolic control. Here, we demonstrated that IL6 activates the ERK1/2 pathway in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), stimulating AMPK/ACC signaling and fatty acid oxidation in mouse skeletal muscle. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the hypothalamic IL6/ERK1/2 axis is closely associated with fatty acid oxidation- and mitochondrial-related genes in the skeletal muscle of isogenic BXD mouse strains and humans. We showed that the hypothalamic IL6/ERK1/2 pathway requires the α2-adrenergic pathway to modify fatty acid skeletal muscle metabolism. To address the physiological relevance of these findings, we demonstrated that this neuromuscular circuit is required to underpin AMPK/ACC signaling activation and fatty acid oxidation after exercise. Last, the selective down-regulation of IL6 receptor in VMH abolished the effects of exercise to sustain AMPK and ACC phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation in the muscle after exercise. Together, these data demonstrated that the IL6/ERK axis in VMH controls fatty acid metabolism in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Kiyoshi Katashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Thayana de Oliveira Micheletti
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Rosseto Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Stellzer Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludger J. E. Goeminne
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Moura-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Moreira Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Rafael S. Brícola
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Vagner Ramon R. Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Camila de Oliveira Ramos
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomic, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Alisson L. da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Pretol, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rosolen Tavares
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valquiria Aparecida Matheus
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Buscaratti
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Marques-Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pazos
- Department of Physiology, Research Center of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB 06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - David Gonzalez-Touceda
- Department of Physiology, Research Center of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB 06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Sulay Tovar
- Department of Physiology, Research Center of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB 06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - María del Carmen García
- Department of Physiology, Research Center of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB 06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jose Cesar Rosa Neto
- Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Sandro Massao Hirabara
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Chakur Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Oliveira Prada
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P. de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
- CEPECE—Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
- CEPECE—Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adelino S. R. da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Pretol, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomic, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeria, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- CEPECE—Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
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16
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Camargo RL, Bombassaro B, Monfort-Pires M, Mansour E, Palma AC, Ribeiro LC, Ulaf RG, Bernardes AF, Nunes TA, Agrela MV, Dertkigil RP, Dertkigil SS, Araujo EP, Nadruz W, Moretti ML, Velloso LA, Sposito AC. Plasma Angiotensin II Is Increased in Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:847809. [PMID: 35811697 PMCID: PMC9263116 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.847809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) employs angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its receptor for cell entrance, and studies have suggested that upon viral binding, ACE2 catalytic activity could be inhibited; therefore, impacting the regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). To date, only few studies have evaluated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the blood levels of the components of the RAAS. The objective of this study was to determine the blood levels of ACE, ACE2, angiotensin-II, angiotensin (1-7), and angiotensin (1-9) at hospital admission and discharge in a group of patients presenting with severe or critical evolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We showed that ACE, ACE2, angiotensin (1-7), and angiotensin (1-9) were similar in patients with critical and severe COVID-19. However, at admission, angiotensin-II levels were significantly higher in patients presenting as critical, compared to patients presenting with severe COVID-19. We conclude that blood levels of angiotensin-II are increased in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 presenting the critical outcome of the disease. We propose that early measurement of Ang-II could be a useful biomarker for identifying patients at higher risk for extremely severe progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael L Camargo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Milena Monfort-Pires
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eli Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andre C Palma
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Raisa G Ulaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Bernardes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thyago A Nunes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Agrela
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rachel P Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sergio S Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,School of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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17
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Bueno LCM, Paim LR, Minin EOZ, da Silva LM, Mendes PR, Kiyota TA, Schreiber AZ, Bombassaro B, Mansour E, Moretti ML, Chow JTS, Salmena L, Coelho-Filho OR, Velloso LA, Nadruz W, Schreiber R. Increased Serum Mir-150-3p Expression Is Associated with Radiological Lung Injury Improvement in Patients with COVID-19. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071363. [PMID: 35891345 PMCID: PMC9323362 DOI: 10.3390/v14071363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for an atypical pneumonia that can progress to acute lung injury. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that control specific genes and pathways. This study evaluated the association between circulating miRNAs and lung injury associated with COVID-19. Methods: We evaluated lung injury by computed tomography at hospital admission and discharge and the serum expression of 754 miRNAs using the TaqMan OpenArray after hospital discharge in 27 patients with COVID-19. In addition, miR-150-3p was validated by qRT-PCR on serum samples collected at admission and after hospital discharge. Results: OpenArray analysis revealed that seven miRNAs were differentially expressed between groups of patients without radiological lung improvement compared to those with lung improvement at hospital discharge, with three miRNAs being upregulated (miR-548c-3p, miR-212-3p, and miR-548a-3p) and four downregulated (miR-191-5p, miR-151a-3p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-150-3p). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that five of these miRNAs had binding sites in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Validation of miR-150-3p by qRT-PCR confirmed the OpenArray results. Conclusions: The present study shows the potential association between the serum expression of seven miRNAs and lung injury in patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, increased expression of miR-150 was associated with pulmonary improvement at hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa C. M. Bueno
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Layde R. Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Eduarda O. Z. Minin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Luís Miguel da Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Paulo R. Mendes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Tatiana A. Kiyota
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Angelica Z. Schreiber
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-864, SP, Brazil;
| | - Eli Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Jonathan Tak-Sum Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (J.T.-S.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Leonardo Salmena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (J.T.-S.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Otavio R. Coelho-Filho
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (J.T.-S.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
| | - Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (L.C.M.B.); (L.R.P.); (E.O.Z.M.); (L.M.d.S.); (P.R.M.); (T.A.K.); (E.M.); (M.L.M.); (O.R.C.-F.); (L.A.V.); (W.N.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Abstract
Brain macrophages and microglia are centrally involved in immune surveillance of the central nervous system. Upon inflammatory stimuli, they become reactive and release key molecules to prevent further damage to the neuronal network. In the hypothalamic area, perivascular macrophages (PVMs) are the first line of host defence against pathogenic organisms, particles and/or substances from the blood. They are distributed throughout the circumventricular organ median eminence, wrapping endothelial cells from fenestrated portal capillaries and in the hypothalamic vascular network, where they are localised in the perivascular space of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Some studies have indicated that PVMs from the hypothalamus increase the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor upon feeding for a long time on a high-fat diet. This adaptive response contributes to the impairment of glucose uptake, facilitates BBB leakage and leads to increased lipid and inflammatory cell influx towards the hypothalamic parenchyma. Despite these early findings, there is still a lack of studies exploring the mechanisms by which PVMs contribute to the development of obesity-related hypothalamic dysfunction, particularly at the early stages when there is chemotaxis of peripheral myeloid cells into the mediobasal hypothalamus. Here, we reviewed the studies involving the ontogeny, hallmarks and main features of brain PVMs in vascular homeostasis, inflammation and neuroendocrine control. This review provides a framework for understanding the potential involvement of PVMs in diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia F Mendes
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Linnaeus s/n, Instituto de Biologia - Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil.
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Linnaeus s/n, Instituto de Biologia - Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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Nogueira PAS, Moura-Assis A, Razolli DS, Bombassaro B, Zanesco AM, Gaspar JM, Donato Junior J, Velloso LA. The orphan receptor GPR68 is expressed in the hypothalamus and is involved in the regulation of feeding. Neurosci Lett 2022; 781:136660. [PMID: 35489647 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, up to 35% off all drugs approved for the treatment of human diseases belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. Out of the almost 800 existing GPCRs, 25% have no known endogenous ligands and are regarded as orphan receptors; many of these are currently under investigation as potential pharmacological targets. Here, we hypothesised that orphan GPCRs expressed in the hypothalamus could be targets for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases. Using bioinformatic tools, we identified 78 class A orphan GPCRs that are expressed in the hypothalamus of mice. Initially, we selected two candidates and determined their responsivities to nutritional interventions: GPR162, the GPCR with highest expression in the hypothalamus, and GPR68, a GPCR with intermediate expression in the hypothalamus and that has never been explored for its potential involvement in metabolic regulation. GPR162 expression was not modified by fasting/feeding or by the consumption of a high-fat diet, and was therefore not subsequently evaluated. Conversely, GPR68 expression increased in response to the consumption of a high-fat diet and reduced under fasting conditions. Using immunofluorescence, GPR68 was identified in both proopiomelanocortin-expressing and agouti-related peptide-expressing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Acute inhibition of GPR68 with an allosteric modulator promoted an increase in the expression of the orexigenic agouti-related peptide and neuropeptide Y, whereas 4- and 12-h inhibition of GPR68 resulted in increased caloric intake. Thus, GPR68 has emerged as an orphan GPCR that is expressed in the hypothalamus and is involved in the regulation of feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A S Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Moura-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniela S Razolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ariane M Zanesco
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joana M Gaspar
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato Junior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Brazil.
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20
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Engel DF, Velloso LA. The timeline of neuronal and glial alterations in experimental obesity. Neuropharmacology 2022; 208:108983. [PMID: 35143850 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In experimental models, hypothalamic dysfunction is a key component of the pathophysiology of diet-induced obesity. Early after the introduction of a high-fat diet, neurons, microglia, astrocytes and tanycytes of the mediobasal hypothalamus undergo structural and functional changes that impact caloric intake, energy expenditure and systemic glucose tolerance. Inflammation has emerged as a central component of this response, and as in other inflammatory conditions, there is a time course of events that determine the fate of distinct cells involved in the central regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis. Here, we review the work that identified key mechanisms, cellular players and temporal features of diet-induced hypothalamic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane F Engel
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Brazil.
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21
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Monfort-Pires M, Regeni-Silva G, Dadson P, Nogueira GA, U-Din M, Ferreira SRG, Sapienza MT, Virtanen K, Velloso LA. Brown fat triglyceride content is associated with cardiovascular risk markers in adults from a tropical region. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:919588. [PMID: 35928901 PMCID: PMC9343995 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is regarded as an interesting potential target for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, and the detailed characterization of its structural and functional phenotype could enable an advance in these fields. Most studies evaluating BAT structure and function were performed in temperate climate regions, and we are yet to know how these findings apply to the 40% of the world's population living in tropical areas. Here, we used 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography - magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate BAT in 45 lean, overweight, and obese volunteers living in a tropical area in Southeast Brazil. We aimed at investigating the associations between BAT activity, volume, metabolic activity, and BAT content of triglycerides with adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers in a sample of adults living in a tropical area and we showed that BAT glucose uptake is not correlated with leanness; instead, BAT triglyceride content is correlated with visceral adiposity and markers of cardiovascular risk. This study expands knowledge regarding the structure and function of BAT in people living in tropical areas. In addition, we provide evidence that BAT triglyceride content could be an interesting marker of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Monfort-Pires
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University ofCampinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Milena Monfort-Pires, ; Licio A. Velloso,
| | - Giulianna Regeni-Silva
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health -University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Prince Dadson
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Guilherme A. Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University ofCampinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mueez U-Din
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra R. G. Ferreira
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health-University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tatit Sapienza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Medical School of University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Finland
| | - Kirsi A. Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University ofCampinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Milena Monfort-Pires, ; Licio A. Velloso,
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22
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de Paula GC, Brunetta HS, Engel DF, Gaspar JM, Velloso LA, Engblom D, de Oliveira J, de Bem AF. Hippocampal Function Is Impaired by a Short-Term High-Fat Diet in Mice: Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Neuroinflammation as Triggering Events. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:734158. [PMID: 34803583 PMCID: PMC8600238 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.734158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, and especially in Western civilizations, most of the staple diets contain high amounts of fat and refined carbohydrates, leading to an increasing number of obese individuals. In addition to inducing metabolic disorders, energy dense food intake has been suggested to impair brain functions such as cognition and mood control. Here we demonstrate an impaired memory function already 3 days after the start of a high-fat diet (HFD) exposure, and depressive-like behavior, in the tail suspension test, after 5 days. These changes were followed by reduced synaptic density, changes in mitochondrial function and astrocyte activation in the hippocampus. Preceding or coinciding with the behavioral changes, we found an induction of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and an increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), in the hippocampus. Finally, in mice treated with a TNF-α inhibitor, the behavioral and BBB alterations caused by HFD-feeding were mitigated suggesting that inflammatory signaling was critical for the changes. In summary, our findings suggest that HFD rapidly triggers hippocampal dysfunction associated with BBB disruption and neuroinflammation, promoting a progressive breakdown of synaptic and metabolic function. In addition to elucidating the link between diet and cognitive function, our results might be relevant for the comprehension of the neurodegenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cristina de Paula
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.,Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Henver S Brunetta
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Daiane F Engel
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joana M Gaspar
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - David Engblom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Physiological Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Velloso LA. Nutritional factors regulating behavior and biological clocks. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2021; 65:525-526. [PMID: 34714994 PMCID: PMC10528576 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Licio A Velloso
- Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil,
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Borba-Junior IT, Moraes CRP, Lima F, Barbosa MS, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM, Mansour E, Velloso LA, Costa FTM, Orsi FA, Paula EV. AVALIAÇÃO DA INTEGRIDADE DA BARREIRA ENDOTELIAL E SUA RELAÇÃO COM AS MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E LABORATORIAIS NA COVID-19. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [PMCID: PMC8530677 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos Os mecanismos fisiopatológicos que determinam a gravidade da Covid-19 estão associados a ativação da hemostasia e da imunidade inata, em um processo coletivamente referido como imunotrombose, e que envolve ativação plaquetária, geração de NETs (do inglês, Nucleo extracelular traps), expressão de fator tecidual, ativação do complemento e ativação endotelial. Um elemento importante da ativação endotelial é a quebra da barreira endotelial (BE), que ocorre para facilitar o acesso de leucócitos aos tecidos, onde contribuem para erradicação dos patógenos. No entanto, a avaliação da integridade da BE é desafiadora, exigindo o uso de modelos celulares. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do soro de pacientes com Covid-19 sobre a integridade da BE em monocamadas de células endoteliais, e sua correlação com características clínicas da doença. Materiais e métodos A população do estudo consistiu em 30 pacientes com Covid-19 que apresentavam comprometimento pulmonar confirmado por tomografia de tórax, e necessidade de internação hospitalar por hipoxemia e 30 controles saudáveis pareados por sexo e idade. Os pacientes recrutados fizeram parte de um estudo clínico (REBEC: U1111-1250-1843), e as amostras utilizadas nesta avaliação foram obtidas no momento da internação, antes de qualquer intervenção. Monocamadas de células endoteliais de duas fontes (HUVECs: células de cordão umbilical; HULECs: células endoteliais pulmonares) foram estimuladas com soro de pacientes e indivíduos saudáveis (diluição 15% em meio de cultura) e a integridade da BE foi avaliada por um sensor de impedância celular (ECIS; Eletric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing System) continuamente por 36 horas. Biomarcadores de gravidade e relacionados à ativação da hemostasia foram avaliados por kits comerciais. Dados clínicos foram obtidos a partir dos prontuários digitais. Resultados O soro de pacientes com Covid-19 induziu quebra de BE significativamente mais acentuada que o de indivíduos saudáveis em HUVECs nos tempos 15 min (p < 0,01); 30 min (p ≤ 0,001); 1h (p ≤ 0,0001); 2h (p ≤ 0,0001); 3h (p ≤ 0,0001); 4h (p ≤ 0,01) e 5h (p ≤ 0,05). Estes resultados foram confirmados no modelo de células endoteliais pulmonares (HULECs). A magnitude da quebra apresentou correlação significativa com desfechos clínicos relevantes como tempo de internação total (RS até 0.57) e tempo de UTI (RS = 0,47). Em relação a biomarcadores de interesse na Covid-19, a quebra da BE apresentou correlação significativa com neutrofilia, relação neutrófilo/linfócito, fator de Von Willebrand, fatores IX e XI, fibrinogênio, D-dímero e uPAR (Receptor de Uroquinase). Discussão Através de um método considerado padrão-ouro para avaliação in vitro da integridade da BE nós demonstramos que componentes presentes no soro de pacientes com Covid-19 são capazes de promover a quebra da BE, e que a magnitude deste processo está relacionada à gravidade desta doença. A correlação com outros marcadores inflamatórios corrobora a conexão entre os mecanismos envolvidos na imunotrombose em pacientes com Covid-19. Conclusão nossos resultados apontam a quebra da BE como um alvo terapêutico atrativo nestes pacientes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licio A Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Moraes CRP, Lima F, Borba-Junior IT, Barbosa MS, Huber SC, Mansour E, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM, Velloso LA, Orsi FA, Paula EV. AVALIAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS CIRCULANTES DE MEDIADORES DA INTEGRIDADE DA BARREIRA ENDOTELIAL NA COVID-19 E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A ATIVAÇÃO DA HEMOSTASIA. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [PMCID: PMC8530648 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos a imunotrombose consiste no processo que envolve a ativação concomitante da imunidade inata, hemostasia e endotélio como parte da resposta a patógenos, e vem sendo colocada no centro da fisiopatologia da Covid-19. Um elemento menos explorado da imunotrombose é a ruptura da barreira endotelial (BE), que permite o acesso dos leucócitos aos tecidos inflamados. Entre os reguladores da integridade da BE destacam-se as vias que envolvem a angiopoietina (Ang) 1 e 2 e seu receptor Tie2, e a via do VEGF-A/VE-caderina (VEC). Além deste papel, foi recentemente demonstrado que a ativação da via Ang/Tie2 inibe a ativação endotelial e a expressão de fator tecidual, estabilizando o endotélio no estado quiescente. Neste estudo determinamos os níveis circulantes de mediadores da integridade da BE na Covid-19, e exploramos sua associação com a gravidade da doença, assim como com a ativação da hemostasia através de um painel abrangente de biomarcadores. Materiais e métodos as amostras foram obtidas de 30 pacientes internados por Covid-19 devido à hipoxemia e achados tomográficos típicos, e recrutados para um estudo clínico (REBEC: U1111-1250-1843). As amostras foram coletadas em até 24h do diagnóstico, antes de qualquer intervenção terapêutica. Os níveis de reguladores da BE foram medidos por métodos imunológicos (Elisa ou multiplex), e o de biomarcadores da hemostasia por kits comerciais específicos. Um grupo de 30 indivíduos saudáveis pareados por idade e sexo foram utilizados como controle. Dados clínicos e laboratoriais foram obtidos dos prontuários digitais. Resultados o tempo médio de internação foi de 12,9 ± 9,8 dias, e 12 pacientes (40%) necessitaram de UTI. O dímero D médio foi de 3.609 ± 14.440 ng/mL. Os níveis circulantes de todos reguladores da integridade da BE encontraram-se aumentados em pacientes, quando comparado com controles (Ang1: 463.2 ± 194.6 vs 237.4 ± 104.9 pg/mL, p < 0.0001; Ang2: 1.926 (1.275-3.134) vs 1.215 (9-1.444) pg/mL, p < 0.0001; Tie2: 10.753 ± 2.377 vs 8.603 ± 1.851 pg/mL, p < 0.0001 e VEGF-A: 94.7 (73.4-116.0) vs 45.9 (39.7-57.0), p < 0.0001. Além disso, os níveis de alguns destes reguladores se associaram significativamente a desfechos de relevância clínica, a saber: (i) extensão da lesão pulmonar na tomografia: Ang2 e VEGF-A; (ii) tempo de internação em UTI: VEGF-A. Interessantemente, observamos correlações consistentes e significativas entre os níveis de reguladores da BE a proteínas envolvidas na ativação da hemostasia (fibrinogênio, VWF: Ag, uPAR, PAI-1 e P-selectina). Discussão o interesse no estudo de reguladores da integridade da BE na Covid-19 já se justifica pelo fato de a doença envolver tanto o comprometimento da barreira alvéolo-capilar quanto a ativação da angiogênese, como demonstrado por outros autores. Nossos resultados reforçam a relevância destas vias através da associação observada com desfechos clínicos. Além disso, os resultados mostram pela primeira vez uma associação entre mediadores da integridade da BE e um painel amplo de biomarcadores da ativação da hemostasia, sugerindo um crosstalk entre estas vias na Covid-19, como demonstrado recentemente no contexto da sepse. Conclusões nossos resultados apontam que a via Ang/Tie2 deve ser considerada um alvo terapêutico atrativo na Covid-19, por representar um elemento central da imunotrombose nestes pacientes.
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27
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Lima F, Moraes CRP, Barbosa MS, Borba-Júnior IT, Mansour E, Velloso LA, Paula EV. AVALIAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE MARCADORES DA VIA HEME/HEMOPEXINA/HEME-OXIGENASE 1 E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM PARÂMETROS CLÍNICOS E LABORATORIAIS NA COVID-19. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [PMCID: PMC8530620 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos Material e métodos Resultados Discussão Conclusão
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28
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Moura-Assis A, Nogueira PAS, de-Lima-Junior JC, Simabuco FM, Gaspar JM, Donato Jr J, Velloso LA. TLR4-interactor with leucine-rich repeats (TRIL) is involved in diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18015. [PMID: 34504172 PMCID: PMC8429592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption result in hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. While the TLR4 activation by dietary fats is a well-characterized pathway involved in the neuronal and glial inflammation, the role of its accessory proteins in diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the knockdown of TLR4-interactor with leucine-rich repeats (Tril), a functional component of TLR4, resulted in reduced hypothalamic inflammation, increased whole-body energy expenditure, improved the systemic glucose tolerance and protection from diet-induced obesity. The POMC-specific knockdown of Tril resulted in decreased body fat, decreased white adipose tissue inflammation and a trend toward increased leptin signaling in POMC neurons. Thus, Tril was identified as a new component of the complex mechanisms that promote hypothalamic dysfunction in experimental obesity and its inhibition in the hypothalamus may represent a novel target for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Moura-Assis
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Pedro A. S. Nogueira
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jose C. de-Lima-Junior
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernando M. Simabuco
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LABMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Joana M. Gaspar
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato Jr
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil ,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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29
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Bobbo VC, Engel DF, Jara CP, Mendes NF, Haddad-Tovolli R, Prado TP, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Morari J, Velloso LA, Araujo EP. Interleukin-6 actions in the hypothalamus protects against obesity and is involved in the regulation of neurogenesis. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:192. [PMID: 34465367 PMCID: PMC8408946 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-6 (IL6) produced in the context of exercise acts in the hypothalamus reducing obesity-associated inflammation and restoring the control of food intake and energy expenditure. In the hippocampus, some of the beneficial actions of IL6 are attributed to its neurogenesis-inducing properties. However, in the hypothalamus, the putative neurogenic actions of IL6 have never been explored, and its potential to balance energy intake can be an approach to prevent or attenuate obesity. Methods Wild-type (WT) and IL6 knockout (KO) mice were employed to study the capacity of IL6 to induce neurogenesis. We used cell labeling with Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), immunofluorescence, and real-time PCR to determine the expression of markers of neurogenesis and neurotransmitters. We prepared hypothalamic neuroprogenitor cells from KO that were treated with IL6 in order to provide an ex vivo model to further characterizing the neurogenic actions of IL6 through differentiation assays. In addition, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data and determined the expression of IL6 and IL6 receptor in specific cell types of the murine hypothalamus. Results IL6 expression in the hypothalamus is low and restricted to microglia and tanycytes, whereas IL6 receptor is expressed in microglia, ependymocytes, endothelial cells, and astrocytes. Exogenous IL6 reduces diet-induced obesity. In outbred mice, obesity-resistance is accompanied by increased expression of IL6 in the hypothalamus. IL6 induces neurogenesis-related gene expression in the hypothalamus and in neuroprogenitor cells, both from WT as well as from KO mice. Conclusion IL6 induces neurogenesis-related gene expression in the hypothalamus of WT mice. In KO mice, the neurogenic actions of IL6 are preserved; however, the appearance of new fully differentiated proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons is either delayed or disturbed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02242-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa C Bobbo
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Daiane F Engel
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Carlos Poblete Jara
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Natalia F Mendes
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Roberta Haddad-Tovolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Thais P Prado
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-877, Brazil.
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30
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Jara CP, Carraro RS, Zanesco A, Andrade B, Moreira K, Nogueira G, Souza BL, Prado TP, Póvoa V, Velander W, Velloso LA, Araújo EP. A Smartphone App for Individual Xylazine/Ketamine Calculation Decreased Anesthesia-Related Mortality in Mice. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:651202. [PMID: 34368269 PMCID: PMC8339260 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.651202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, experimental animals are widely used in biological and medical research. However, the scientific community has raised several bioethical concerns, such as the number of animals required to achieve reproducible and statistically relevant results. These concerns involve aspects related to pain, discomfort, and unwanted animal loss. Retrospectively, we compare two different approaches for anesthesia dosage: a mobile app for dose calculation and a standard dose calculation. A total of 939 C57BL/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. We collected data on intraoperative and anesthesia-related mortality as described in electronic or physical handwritten records. Our results showed that the mobile app approach significantly reduces anesthetic-related deaths upon using doses of ketamine and xylazine. The results suggest that anesthesia-related mortality can be minimized even more using information technology approaches, helping to solve an old but transversal challenge for researchers working with experimental mice. The mobile app is a free and open code which could be implemented worldwide as an essential requirement for all anesthetic procedures in mice using xylazine and ketamine combination. As an open code app, the Labinsane initiative could also represent the starting point to unify and validate other anesthetic procedures in different species and strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Poblete Jara
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Carraro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ariane Zanesco
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Andrade
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Karina Moreira
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno L Souza
- Laboratory of Digital Signal Processing in Real Time, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thais Paulino Prado
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Valeria Póvoa
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - William Velander
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araújo
- Nursing School, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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31
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Melo HM, Seixas da Silva GDS, Sant'Ana MR, Teixeira CVL, Clarke JR, Miya Coreixas VS, de Melo BC, Fortuna JTS, Forny-Germano L, Ledo JH, Oliveira MS, Figueiredo CP, Pardossi-Piquard R, Checler F, Delgado-García JM, Gruart A, Velloso LA, Balthazar MLF, Cintra DE, Ferreira ST, De Felice FG. Palmitate Is Increased in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Humans with Obesity and Induces Memory Impairment in Mice via Pro-inflammatory TNF-α. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2180-2194.e8. [PMID: 32075735 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with cognitive decline, atrophy of brain regions related to learning and memory, and higher risk of developing dementia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these neurological alterations are still largely unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of palmitate, a saturated fatty acid present at high amounts in fat-rich diets, in the brain. Palmitate is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of overweight and obese patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. In mice, intracerebroventricular infusion of palmitate impairs synaptic plasticity and memory. Palmitate induces astroglial and microglial activation in the mouse hippocampus, and its deleterious impact is mediated by microglia-derived tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) signaling. Our results establish that obesity is associated with increases in CSF palmitate. By defining a pro-inflammatory mechanism by which abnormal levels of palmitate in the brain impair memory, the results further suggest that anti-inflammatory strategies may attenuate memory impairment in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Melo
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gisele da S Seixas da Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20270-021, Brazil
| | - Marcella Ramos Sant'Ana
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences and CELN - Nutrigenomics and Lipids Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Camila Vieira Ligo Teixeira
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN) and Department of Neurology, Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Julia R Clarke
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vivian S Miya Coreixas
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Bruno C de Melo
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Juliana T S Fortuna
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leticia Forny-Germano
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - José Henrique Ledo
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Maíra S Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Raphaelle Pardossi-Piquard
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS/UMR7275, IPMC, team labeled "Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS/UMR7275, IPMC, team labeled "Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Agnès Gruart
- Division of Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Centre, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13084-761, Brazil
| | - Marcio L F Balthazar
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN) and Department of Neurology, Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences and CELN - Nutrigenomics and Lipids Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil; Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil; Centre for Neuroscience Studies and Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Mansour E, Palma AC, Ulaf RG, Ribeiro LC, Bernardes AF, Nunes TA, Agrela MV, Bombassaro B, Monfort-Pires M, Camargo RL, Araujo EP, Brunetti NS, Farias AS, Falcão ALE, Santos TM, Trabasso P, Dertkigil RP, Dertkigil SS, Moretti ML, Velloso LA. Safety and Outcomes Associated with the Pharmacological Inhibition of the Kinin-Kallikrein System in Severe COVID-19. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020309. [PMID: 33669276 PMCID: PMC7920028 DOI: 10.3390/v13020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can develop into a severe respiratory syndrome that results in up to 40% mortality. Acute lung inflammatory edema is a major pathological finding in autopsies explaining O2 diffusion failure and hypoxemia. Only dexamethasone has been shown to reduce mortality in severe cases, further supporting a role for inflammation in disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells employing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor, which is highly expressed in lung alveolar cells. ACE2 is one of the components of the cellular machinery that inactivates the potent inflammatory agent bradykinin, and SARS-CoV-2 infection could interfere with the catalytic activity of ACE2, leading to the accumulation of bradykinin. Methods: In this case control study, we tested two pharmacological inhibitors of the kinin–kallikrein system that are currently approved for the treatment of hereditary angioedema, icatibant, and inhibitor of C1 esterase/kallikrein, in a group of 30 patients with severe COVID-19. Results: Neither icatibant nor inhibitor of C1 esterase/kallikrein resulted in changes in time to clinical improvement. However, both compounds were safe and promoted the significant improvement of lung computed tomography scores and increased blood eosinophils, which are indicators of disease recovery. Conclusions: In this small cohort, we found evidence for safety and a beneficial role of pharmacological inhibition of the kinin–kallikrein system in two markers that indicate improved disease recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Andre C. Palma
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Raisa G. Ulaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Luciana C. Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Ana Flavia Bernardes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Thyago A. Nunes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Marcus V. Agrela
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, 13083-864 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.); (M.M.-P.); (R.L.C.); (E.P.A.)
| | - Milena Monfort-Pires
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, 13083-864 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.); (M.M.-P.); (R.L.C.); (E.P.A.)
| | - Rafael L. Camargo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, 13083-864 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.); (M.M.-P.); (R.L.C.); (E.P.A.)
| | - Eliana P. Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, 13083-864 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.); (M.M.-P.); (R.L.C.); (E.P.A.)
- School of Nursing, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia S. Brunetti
- Autoimmune Research Lab, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (N.S.B.); (A.S.F.)
| | - Alessandro S. Farias
- Autoimmune Research Lab, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (N.S.B.); (A.S.F.)
| | - Antônio Luís E. Falcão
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Thiago Martins Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Plinio Trabasso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Rachel P. Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.P.D.); (S.S.D.)
| | - Sergio S. Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.P.D.); (S.S.D.)
| | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Licio A. Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.M.); (A.C.P.); (R.G.U.); (L.C.R.); (A.F.B.); (T.A.N.); (M.V.A.); (T.M.S.); (P.T.); (M.L.M.)
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, 13083-864 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.); (M.M.-P.); (R.L.C.); (E.P.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Zangerolamo L, Vettorazzi JF, Solon C, Bronczek GA, Engel DF, Kurauti MA, Soares GM, Rodrigues KS, Velloso LA, Boschero AC, Carneiro EM, Barbosa HCL. The bile acid TUDCA improves glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease mice model. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 521:111116. [PMID: 33321116 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the major cause of dementia. According to predictions of the World Health Organization, more than 150 million people worldwide will suffer from dementia by 2050. An increasing number of studies have associated AD with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), since most of the features found in T2DM are also observed in AD, such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. In this sense, some bile acids have emerged as new therapeutic targets to treat AD and metabolic disorders. The taurine conjugated bile acid, tauroursodeoxycholic (TUDCA), reduces amyloid oligomer accumulation and improves cognition in APP/PS1 mice model of AD, and also improves glucose-insulin homeostasis in obese and type 2 diabetic mice. Herein, we investigated the effect of TUDCA upon glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced AD mice model (Stz). The Stz mice that received 300 mg/kg TUDCA during 10 days (Stz + TUDCA), showed improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, reduced fasted and fed glycemia, increased islet mass and β-cell area, as well as increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, compared with Stz mice that received only PBS. Stz + TUDCA mice also displayed lower neuroinflammation, reduced protein content of amyloid oligomer in the hippocampus, improved memory test and increased protein content of insulin receptor β-subunit in the hippocampus. In conclusion, TUDCA treatment enhanced glucose homeostasis in the streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease mice model, pointing this bile acid as a good strategy to counteract glucose homeostasis disturbance in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Zangerolamo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela A Bronczek
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daiane F Engel
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian A Kurauti
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Maringa, UEM, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Soares
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina S Rodrigues
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
Interoceptive signals from gut and adipose tissue and sensory cues from the environment are integrated by hubs in the brain to regulate feeding behavior and maintain homeostatic control of body weight. In vivo neural recordings have revealed that these signals control the activity of multiple layers of hunger neurons and eating is not only the result of feedback correction to a set point, but can also be under the influence of anticipatory regulations. A series of recent technical developments have revealed how peripheral and sensory signals, in particular, from the gut are conveyed to the brain to integrate neural circuits. Here, we describe the mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal stimulation by nutrients and how these signals act on the hindbrain to generate motivated behaviors. We also consider the organization of multidirectional intra- and extrahypothalamic circuits and how this has created a framework for understanding neural control of feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Moura-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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35
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Monfort-Pires M, U-Din M, Nogueira GA, de Almeida-Faria J, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Sant'Ana MR, De Lima-Júnior JC, Cintra DE, de Souza HP, Ferreira SRG, Sapienza MT, Virtanen KA, Velloso LA. Short Dietary Intervention with Olive Oil Increases Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in Lean but not Overweight Subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:472-484. [PMID: 33180910 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential target for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders. Its activation by cold exposure or adrenergic drugs can increase systemic insulin sensitivity and improve lipid metabolism; however, little is known about the effects of specific dietary components on BAT activity. OBJECTIVES We asked if a short-term (4 weeks) dietary intervention with olive oil could modify BAT activity in lean and overweight/obese volunteers. DESIGN This was a 4-week open clinical trial in which all participants underwent a dietary intervention with extra-virgin olive oil supplementation. As the initial intake of olive oil was controlled all the participants were controls of themselves. RESULTS The intervention resulted in significant increase in blood monounsaturated fatty acid levels, which was accompanied by increased BAT activity in lean but not in overweight/obese volunteers. In the lean group, an increase in leptin was detected after the intervention, and low leptin values at the beginning of the study were predictive of greater BAT activity after intervention. In addition, increase in leptin concentration was associated with increased BAT activity. Three known endogenous mediators of BAT activity, secretin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-diHOME) were increased by intervention in lean, whereas only secretin and FGF21 were increased in subjects with excessive weight. CONCLUSION This study provides clinical evidence for the impact of monounsaturated fatty acids on BAT activity and an advance in the understanding of the beneficial health effects of olive oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Monfort-Pires
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mueez U-Din
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Guilherme A Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Almeida-Faria
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcella Ramos Sant'Ana
- Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, LabGeN, School of Applied Sciences, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C De Lima-Júnior
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, LabGeN, School of Applied Sciences, UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra R G Ferreira
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health - University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tatit Sapienza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Medical School of University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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36
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Mansour E, Bueno FF, de Lima-Júnior JC, Palma A, Monfort-Pires M, Bombassaro B, Araujo EP, Bernardes AF, Ulaf RG, Nunes TA, Ribeiro LC, Falcão ALE, Santos TM, Trabasso P, Dertkigil RP, Dertkigil SS, Maia RP, Benaglia T, Moretti ML, Velloso LA. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of icatibant and C1 esterase/kallikrein inhibitor in severe COVID-19: study protocol for a three-armed randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:71. [PMID: 33472675 PMCID: PMC7816150 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, enters the cells through a mechanism dependent on its binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a protein highly expressed in the lungs. The putative viral-induced inhibition of ACE2 could result in the defective degradation of bradykinin, a potent inflammatory substance. We hypothesize that increased bradykinin in the lungs is an important mechanism driving the development of pneumonia and respiratory failure in COVID-19. Methods This is a phase II, single-center, three-armed parallel-group, open-label, active control superiority randomized clinical trial. One hundred eighty eligible patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either the inhibitor of C1e/kallikrein 20 U/kg intravenously on day 1 and day 4 plus standard care; or icatibant 30 mg subcutaneously, three doses/day for 4 days plus standard care; or standard care alone, as recommended in the clinical trials published to date, which includes supplemental oxygen, non-invasive and invasive ventilation, antibiotic agents, anti-inflammatory agents, prophylactic antithrombotic therapy, vasopressor support, and renal replacement therapy. Discussion Accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors leading to cough. In animal models, the inactivation of ACE2 leads to severe acute pneumonitis in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the inhibition of bradykinin almost completely restores the lung structure. We believe that inhibition of bradykinin in severe COVID-19 patients could reduce the lung inflammatory response, impacting positively on the severity of disease and mortality rates. Trial registration Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Universal Trial Number (UTN) U1111-1250-1843. Registered on May/5/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia F Bueno
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C de Lima-Júnior
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Palma
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Monfort-Pires
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Nursing, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Bernardes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raisa G Ulaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thyago A Nunes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luís E Falcão
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Martins Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Plinio Trabasso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel P Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio S Dertkigil
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Maia
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistics, and Scientific Computation, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Benaglia
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistics, and Scientific Computation, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mendes NF, Jara CP, Mansour E, Araújo EP, Velloso LA. Asthma and COVID-19: a systematic review. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2021; 17:5. [PMID: 33407838 PMCID: PMC7787409 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-020-00509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) presents with progressive dyspnea, which results from acute lung inflammatory edema leading to hypoxia. As with other infectious diseases that affect the respiratory tract, asthma has been cited as a potential risk factor for severe COVID-19. However, conflicting results have been published over the last few months and the putative association between these two diseases is still unproven. Methods Here, we systematically reviewed all reports on COVID-19 published since its emergence in December 2019 to June 30, 2020, looking into the description of asthma as a premorbid condition, which could indicate its potential involvement in disease progression. Results We found 372 articles describing the underlying diseases of 161,271 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Asthma was reported as a premorbid condition in only 2623 patients accounting for 1.6% of all patients. Conclusions As the global prevalence of asthma is 4.4%, we conclude that either asthma is not a premorbid condition that contributes to the development of COVID-19 or clinicians and researchers are not accurately describing the premorbidities in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália F Mendes
- School of Nursing, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Lineaus s/n, Instituto de Biologia, Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Jara
- School of Nursing, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Lineaus s/n, Instituto de Biologia, Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Eli Mansour
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araújo
- School of Nursing, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Lineaus s/n, Instituto de Biologia, Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas, Rua Carl Von Lineaus s/n, Instituto de Biologia, Bloco Z. Campus Universitário Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil. .,Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Dragano NR, Monfort-Pires M, Velloso LA. Mechanisms Mediating the Actions of Fatty Acids in the Hypothalamus. Neuroscience 2020; 447:15-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Engel DF, Bobbo VCD, Solon CS, Nogueira GA, Moura-Assis A, Mendes NF, Zanesco AM, Papangelis A, Ulven T, Velloso LA. Activation of GPR40 induces hypothalamic neurogenesis through p38- and BDNF-dependent mechanisms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11047. [PMID: 32632088 PMCID: PMC7338363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic adult neurogenesis provides the basis for renewal of neurons involved in the regulation of whole-body energy status. In addition to hormones, cytokines and growth factors, components of the diet, particularly fatty acids, have been shown to stimulate hypothalamic neurogenesis; however, the mechanisms behind this action are unknown. Here, we hypothesized that GPR40 (FFAR1), the receptor for medium and long chain unsaturated fatty acids, could mediate at least part of the neurogenic activity in the hypothalamus. We show that a GPR40 ligand increased hypothalamic cell proliferation and survival in adult mice. In postnatal generated neurospheres, acting in synergy with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin 6, GPR40 activation increased the expression of doublecortin during the early differentiation phase and of the mature neuronal marker, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), during the late differentiation phase. In Neuro-2a proliferative cell-line GPR40 activation increased BDNF expression and p38 activation. The chemical inhibition of p38 abolished GPR40 effect in inducing neurogenesis markers in neurospheres, whereas BDNF immunoneutralization inhibited GPR40-induced cell proliferation in the hypothalamus of adult mice. Thus, GPR40 acts through p38 and BDNF to induce hypothalamic neurogenesis. This study provides mechanistic advance in the understating of how a fatty acid receptor regulates adult hypothalamic neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane F Engel
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa C D Bobbo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Carina S Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Moura-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Natalia F Mendes
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Ariane M Zanesco
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Athanasios Papangelis
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trond Ulven
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13084-970, Brazil.
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40
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Nogueira G, Solon C, Carraro RS, Engel DF, Ramalho AF, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Gaspar RS, Bombassaro B, Vasques AC, Geloneze B, Vinolo MA, Donato Junior J, Velloso LA. Interleukin-17 acts in the hypothalamus reducing food intake. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:272-285. [PMID: 31863824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is expressed in the intestine in response to changes in the gut microbiome landscape and plays an important role in intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases. There is evidence that dietary factors can also modify the expression of intestinal IL-17. Here, we hypothesized that, similar to several other gut-produced factors, IL-17 may act in the hypothalamus to modulate food intake. We confirm that food intake increases IL-17 expression in the mouse ileum and human blood. There is no expression of IL-17 in the hypothalamus; however, IL-17 receptor A is expressed in both pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons. Upon systemic injection, IL-17 promoted a rapid increase in hypothalamic POMC expression, which was followed by a late increase in the expression of AgRP. Both systemic and intracerebroventricular injections of IL-17 reduced calorie intake without affecting whole-body energy expenditure. Systemic but not intracerebroventricular injection of IL-17 increase brown adipose tissue temperature. Thus, IL-17 is a gut-produced factor that is controlled by diet and modulates food intake by acting in the hypothalamus. Our findings provide the first evidence of a cytokine that is acutely regulated by food intake and plays a role in the regulation of eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Carraro
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daiane F Engel
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Albina F Ramalho
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Davi Sidarta-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Gaspar
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana C Vasques
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno Geloneze
- Laboratory of Investigation in Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marco A Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato Junior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Haddad-Tóvolli R, Altirriba J, Obri A, Sánchez EE, Chivite I, Milà-Guasch M, Ramírez S, Gómez-Valadés AG, Pozo M, Burguet J, Velloso LA, Claret M. Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron translatome signatures underlying obesogenic gestational malprogramming in mice. Mol Metab 2020; 36:100963. [PMID: 32283518 PMCID: PMC7152705 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal unbalanced nutritional habits during embryonic development and perinatal stages perturb hypothalamic neuronal programming of the offspring, thus increasing obesity-associated diabetes risk. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study we sought to determine the translatomic signatures associated with pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron malprogramming in maternal obesogenic conditions. METHODS We used the RiboTag mouse model to specifically profile the translatome of POMC neurons during neonatal (P0) and perinatal (P21) life and its neuroanatomical, functional, and physiological consequences. RESULTS Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure did not interfere with offspring's hypothalamic POMC neuron specification, but significantly impaired their spatial distribution and axonal extension to target areas. Importantly, we established POMC neuron-specific translatome signatures accounting for aberrant neuronal development and axonal growth. These anatomical and molecular alterations caused metabolic dysfunction in early life and adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides fundamental insights on the molecular mechanisms underlying POMC neuron malprogramming in obesogenic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Haddad-Tóvolli
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Altirriba
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Arnaud Obri
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elena Eyre Sánchez
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Iñigo Chivite
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Milà-Guasch
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sara Ramírez
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alicia G Gómez-Valadés
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Macarena Pozo
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jasmine Burguet
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
| | - Marc Claret
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism (NeuCoMe) Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain; School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Licio A. Velloso
- Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e ComorbidadesUniversidade Estadual de CampinasSPBrasilCentro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified SNPs of the fat mass and obesity (FTO) gene as the most important risk alleles for obesity. However, how the presence of risk alleles affect phenotype is still a matter of intense investigation. In 2014, a study revealed that long-range enhancers from the intronic regions of the FTO gene regulate iroquois-class homeobox protein (IRX)3 expression. IRX3 is expressed in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and changes in its expression levels affect body adiposity by modifying food intake and energy expenditure. These findings have placed IRX3 as a potential target for the treatment of obesity. Here, we review studies that evaluated the roles of IRX3 in development, neurogenesis, and body energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Matos de Araújo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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44
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Razolli DS, de Araújo TM, Sant Apos Ana MR, Kirwan P, Cintra DE, Merkle FT, Velloso LA. Proopiomelanocortin Processing in the Hypothalamus Is Directly Regulated by Saturated Fat: Implications for the Development of Obesity. Neuroendocrinology 2020; 110:92-104. [PMID: 31104058 PMCID: PMC7614303 DOI: 10.1159/000501023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In outbred mice, susceptibility or resistance to diet-induced obesity is associated with rapid changes in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) levels. Here, we evaluated 3 hypotheses that potentially explain the development of the different obesity phenotypes in outbred Swiss mice. First, rapid and differential changes in the gut microbiota in obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) might cause differential efficiencies in fatty acid harvesting leading to changes in systemic fatty acid concentrations that in turn affect POMC expression and processing. Second, independently of the gut microbiota, OP mice might have increased blood fatty acid levels after the introduction of a HFD, which could affect POMC expression and processing. Third, fatty acids might act directly in the hypothalamus to differentially regulate POMC expression and/or processing in OP and OR mice. We evaluated OP and OR male Swiss mice using 16S rRNA sequencing for the determination of gut microbiota; gas chromatography for blood lipid determination; and immunoblot and real-time polymerase chain reaction for protein and transcript determination and indirect calorimetry. Some experiments were performed with human pluripotent stem cells differentiated into hypothalamic neurons. We did not find evidence supporting the first 2 hypotheses. However, we found that in OP but not in OR mice, palmitate induces a rapid increase in hypothalamic POMC, which is followed by increased expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 PC1/3. Lentiviral inhibition of hypothalamic PC1/3 increased caloric intake and body mass in both OP and OR mice. In human stem cell-derived hypothalamic cells, we found that palmitate potently suppressed the production of POMC-derived peptides. Palmitate directly regulates PC1/3 in OP mice and likely has a functional impact on POMC processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S Razolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago M de Araújo
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcella R Sant Apos Ana
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Peter Kirwan
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, and Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Florian T Merkle
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, and Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil,
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45
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Costa Paschoalini M, Bernardes AF, Buzolin M, Zollner RL, Mansour E, Velloso LA, Yang AC. Successful Oral Desensitization in Sesame Allergy in an Adult Woman. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29:463-465. [PMID: 31825315 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Costa Paschoalini
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A F Bernardes
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - M Buzolin
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R L Zollner
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - E Mansour
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - L A Velloso
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A C Yang
- Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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46
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Razolli DS, Moura-Assis A, Bombassaro B, Velloso LA. Hypothalamic neuronal cellular and subcellular abnormalities in experimental obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:2361-2369. [PMID: 31548571 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of the hypothalamic neuronal network, that controls food intake and energy expenditure, has provided great advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity. Most of the advances in this field were obtained thanks to the development of a number of genetic and nongenetic animal models that, at least in part, overtook the anatomical constraints that impair the study of the human hypothalamus. Despite the undisputed differences between human and rodent physiology, most seminal studies undertaken in rodents that have unveiled details of the neural regulation of energy homeostasis were eventually confirmed in humans; thus, placing experimental studies in the forefront of obesity research. During the last 15 years, researchers have provided extensive experimental proof that supports the existence of hypothalamic dysfunction, which leads to a progressive whole-body positive energy balance, and thus, to obesity. Here, we review the experimental work that unveiled the mechanisms behind hypothalamic dysfunction in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S Razolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Moura-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13084-970, Brazil.
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47
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Silva VRR, Lenhare L, Katashima CK, Morari J, M-Assis A, Gaspar RS, da Silva ASR, Moura LP, Pauli JR, Cintra DE, Velloso LA, Ropelle ER. TGF-β1 downregulation in the hypothalamus of obese mice through acute exercise. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18186-18192. [PMID: 31144370 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and aging lead to abnormal transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling in the hypothalamus, triggering the imbalance on glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. Here, we determine the effect of acute exercise on TGF-β1 expression in the hypothalamus of two models of obesity in mice. The bioinformatics analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between hypothalamic Tgf-β1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and genes related to thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) by using a large panel of isogenic BXD mice. Thereafter, leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice and obese C57BL/6 mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) were submitted to the acute exercise protocol. Transcriptomic analysis by using BXD mouse reference population database revealed that hypothalamic Tgf-β1 mRNA is negatively correlated with genes related to thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue of BXD mice, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator and is positively correlated with respiratory exchange ratio. In agreement with these results, leptin-deficient (ob/ob) and HFD-fed mice displayed high levels of Tgf-β1 mRNA in the hypothalamus and reduction of Pgc1α mRNA in BAT. Interestingly, an acute exercise session reduced TGF-β1 expression in the hypothalamus, increased Pgc1α mRNA in the BAT and reduced food consumption in obese mice. Our results demonstrated that acute physical exercise suppressed hypothalamic TGF-β1 expression, increasing Pgc1α mRNA in BAT in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner R R Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos K Katashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M-Assis
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Gaspar
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPECE-Research Center of Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
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48
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Claro F, Morari J, Moreira LR, Sarian LOZ, Velloso LA. Breast Lipofilling Does Not Pose Evidence of Chronic Inflammation in Rats. Aesthet Surg J 2019; 39:NP202-NP212. [PMID: 30265289 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjy257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory reports on adipose tissue suggest that fat grafting to the breast may pose an oncologic risk. One possible reason for this is the theoretic chronic inflammation due to adipokynes released by grafted white adipose tissue (WAT). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze inflammatory activity in lipofilled breast through the use of proinflammatory markers. METHODS Fifty-four paired-breasts of female rats were divided into 4 groups: control, sham, and breasts grafted with either autologous subcutaneous (SC) WAT or autologous omentum (OM). The WAT was prepared through centrifugation, and the grafting was performed with the use of 0.9-mm blunt-tip cannula. The rats were killed 8 weeks postoperatively, and their breasts were harvested for immunohistochemical staining for CD68-expressing macrophages, gene expression (real-time PCR) for monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), F4/80, Cox-2, and IL-6. RESULTS The weights of the rats that underwent a procedure differed from those of the unmanipulated control group (P < 0.01). The macrophage counts of CD68 differed only between breasts lipofilled with OM and control (P < 0.01). MCP-1, F4/80, and Cox-2 were similarly expressed among the groups (P = 0.422, P = 0.143, and P = 0.209, respectively). The expression of IL-6 differed between breast samples grafted with SC and OM WAT (P = 0.015), but not between samples of control and OM (P = 0.752), and control and SC (P = 0.056). CONCLUSIONS No inflammation activity was identified in the microenvironment of lipofilled breasts, indicating that chronic inflammation does not seem to be triggered by the breast lipofilling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Claro
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana R Moreira
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Luis O Z Sarian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Specialized Pathology and Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
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49
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Jara CP, do Prado TP, Dias Bóbbo VC, Ramalho ADFS, Lima MHM, Velloso LA, Araujo EP. Topical Topiramate Improves Wound Healing in an Animal Model of Hyperglycemia. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:420-430. [PMID: 31043061 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419845058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is severely affected in hyperglycemia and other metabolic conditions. Finding new therapeutic approaches that accelerate wound healing and improve the quality of the scar may reduce the morbidity commonly associated with skin lesions in diabetes. This study evaluated the effect of topical topiramate (TPM) on wound healing in C57 mice. Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice were subjected to a wound on the back and randomly allocated for treatment with either vehicle or topical TPM cream (2%) once a day for 14 days. Polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and microscopy were performed for the analysis. TPM improved wound healing (complete resolution at Day 10, 98% ± 5 for TPM vs. 81% ± 28 for vehicle), increased organization and deposition of collagen Type I, and enhanced the quality of the scars as determined by microscopy. In addition, TPM modulated the expression of cytokines and proteins of the insulin-signaling pathway: In early wound-healing stages, expression of interleukin-10, an anti-inflammatory marker, increased, whereas at the late phase, the pro-inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 increased and there was increased expression of a vascular endothelial growth factor. Proteins of the insulin-signaling pathway were stimulated in the late wound-healing phase. Topical TPM improves the quality of wound healing in an animal model of hyperglycemia. The effect of TPM is accompanied by modulation of inflammatory and growth factors and proteins of the insulin-signaling pathway. Therefore, topical TPM presents as a potential therapeutic agent in skin wounds in patients with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Poblete Jara
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Paulino do Prado
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Dias Bóbbo
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albina de Fátima S Ramalho
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria H M Lima
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Araujo
- 1 Nursing School, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bombassaro B, Ramalho AFS, Fioravante M, Solon C, Nogueira G, Nogueira PAS, Gaspar RS, Ropelle ER, Velloso LA. CD1 is involved in diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 78:78-90. [PMID: 30660601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated hypothalamic inflammation plays an important role in the development of defective neuronal control of whole body energy balance. Because dietary fats are the main triggers of hypothalamic inflammation, we hypothesized that CD1, a lipid-presenting protein, may be involved in the hypothalamic inflammatory response in obesity. Here, we show that early after the introduction of a high-fat diet, CD1 expressing cells gradually appear in the mediobasal hypothalamus. The inhibition of hypothalamic CD1 reduces diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation and rescues the obese and glucose-intolerance phenotype of mice fed a high-fat diet. Conversely, the chemical activation of hypothalamic CD1 further increases diet-induced obesity and hypothalamic inflammation. A bioinformatics analysis revealed that hypothalamic CD1 correlates with transcripts encoding for proteins known to be involved in diet-induced hypothalamic abnormalities in obesity. Thus, CD1 is involved in at least part of the hypothalamic inflammatory response in diet-induced obesity and its modulation affects the body mass phenotype of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Bombassaro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Albina F S Ramalho
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Milena Fioravante
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Carina Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Pedro A S Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Licio A Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil.
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