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Mátis G, Tráj P, Hanyecz V, Mackei M, Márton RA, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Sebők C. Immunomodulatory properties of chicken cathelicidin-2 investigated on an ileal explant culture. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:2527-2535. [PMID: 38871866 PMCID: PMC11315780 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
As the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance grows more crucial, the development of compounds that can replace antibiotics becomes increasingly vital. Chicken cathelicidin-2 (Cath-2) belongs to the group of Host Defense Peptides (HDPs), which could provide a feasible solution for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections in poultry. It is a small peptide produced by the heterophil granulocytes of chickens as part of the innate immune response, and its immunomodulatory activity has already been demonstrated in several cell types. In this study, the effects of Cath-2 on the intestinal immune response were examined using ileal explant cultures isolated from chicken. Regarding our results, Cath-2 displayed a potent anti-inflammatory effect as it alleviated the LTA-caused elevation of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-2 concentrations, and that of the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio, furthermore, it increased the concentration of IL-10, alleviating the LTA-evoked decreased level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, when applied alone, it elevated the concentrations of IL-6, CXCLi2, and IL-2, providing evidence of its complex immunomodulatory mechanisms. In summary, Cath-2 was able to modulate the immune response of the intestinal wall not only by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release, but also through immune stimulation, demonstrating that it has the ability to improve innate immunity via a complex mechanism that may make it a suitable candidate for the control of intestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Hanyecz
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12., H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12., H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2., H-1078, Budapest, Hungary.
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Lu Y, Xiang F, Xu L, Tian H, Tao Q, Jia K, Yin H, Ye C, Fang R, Peng L. The protective role of chicken cathelicidin-1 against Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in vitro and in vivo. Vet Res 2023; 54:65. [PMID: 37605242 PMCID: PMC10463303 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen with the characteristics of high mortality and morbidity, which brings great challenges to prevent and control epidemic disease in the swine industry. Cathelicidins (CATH) are antimicrobial peptides with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects of chicken cathelicidin-1 (CATH-1) were investigated in vitro and in vivo against SS2 infection. The results show that CATH-1 exhibited a better bactericidal effect compared to other species' cathelicidins including chickens (CATH-2, -3, and -B1), mice (CRAMP) and pigs (PMAP-36 and PR-39), which rapidly killed bacteria in 20 min by a time-killing curve assay. Furthermore, CATH-1 destroyed the bacterial morphology and affected bacterial ultrastructure as observed under electron microscopy. Moreover, CATH-1 antibacterial activity in vivo shows that CATH-1 increased survival rate of SS2-infected mice by 60% and significantly reduced the bacterial load in the lungs, liver, spleen, blood, and peritoneal lavage as well as the release of SS2-induced inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18. Importantly, CATH-1 did not show severe histopathological changes in mice. Further studies on the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity show that CATH-1 not only reduced the inflammatory response through direct neutralization, but also by regulating the TLR2/4/NF-κB/ERK pathway. This study provides a scientific basis for the research and development of antimicrobial peptides as new antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fa Xiang
- WestChina-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Guo X, An Y, Tan W, Ma L, Wang M, Li J, Li B, Hou W, Wu L. Cathelicidin-derived antiviral peptide inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1201505. [PMID: 37342565 PMCID: PMC10277505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1201505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a widely distributed virus. HSV-1 is a growing public health concern due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains and the current lack of a clinically specific drug for treatment. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the development of peptide antivirals. Natural host-defense peptides which have uniquely evolved to protect the host have been reported to have antiviral properties. Cathelicidins are a family of multi-functional antimicrobial peptides found in almost all vertebrate species and play a vital role in the immune system. In this study, we demonstrated the anti-HSV-1 effect of an antiviral peptide named WL-1 derived from human cathelicidin. We found that WL-1 inhibited HSV-1 infection in epithelial and neuronal cells. Furthermore, the administration of WL-1 improved the survival rate and reduced viral load and inflammation during HSV-1 infection via ocular scarification. Moreover, facial nerve dysfunction, involving the abnormal blink reflex, nose position, and vibrissae movement, and pathological injury were prevented when HSV-1 ear inoculation-infected mice were treated with WL-1. Together, our findings demonstrate that WL-1 may be a potential novel antiviral agent against HSV-1 infection-induced facial palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yanxing An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Wanmin Tan
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juyan Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Binghong Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Lu Y, Tian H, Chen R, Liu Q, Jia K, Hu DL, Chen H, Ye C, Peng L, Fang R. Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides CATH-1, CATH-3, and PMAP-36 With Erythromycin Against Bacterial Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953720. [PMID: 35910608 PMCID: PMC9335283 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of alternative drugs or adjuvants of antibiotics to enhance antibacterial efficiency. The combination of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and traditional antibiotics is a potential alternative to enhance antibacterial efficiency. In this study, we investigated the synergistic bactericidal effect of AMPs, including chicken (CATH-1,−2,−3, and -B1), mice (CRAMP), and porcine (PMAP-36 and PR-39) in combination with conventional antibiotics containing ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and erythromycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. The results showed that the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36 was lower than 10 μM, indicating that these three AMPs had good bacterial activity against S. aureus, S. enteritidis, and E. coli. Then, the synergistic antibacterial activity of AMPs and antibiotics combination was determined by the fractional bactericidal concentration index (FBCI). The results showed that the FBCI of AMPs (CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36) and erythromycin was lower than 0.5 against bacterial pathogens, demonstrating that they had a synergistic bactericidal effect. Furthermore, the time-killing kinetics of AMPs (CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36) in combination with erythromycin showed that they had a continuous killing effect on bacteria within 3 h. Notably, the combination showed lower hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity to mammal cells compared to erythromycin and peptide alone treatment. In addition, the antibacterial mechanism of CATH-1 and erythromycin combination against E. coli was studied. The results of the scanning electron microscope showed that CATH-1 enhanced the antibacterial activity of erythromycin by increasing the permeability of bacterial cell membrane. Moreover, the results of bacterial migration movement showed that the combination of CATH-1 and erythromycin significantly inhibits the migration of E. coli. Finally, drug resistance analysis was performed and the results showed that CATH-1 delayed the emergence of E. coli resistance to erythromycin. In conclusion, the combination of CATH-1 and erythromycin has synergistic antibacterial activity and reduces the emergence of bacterial drug resistance. Our study provides valuable information to develop AMPs as potential substitutes or adjuvants for traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runqiu Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Lianci Peng
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Rendong Fang
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