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Andrade CS, Borges MHR, Silva JP, Malheiros S, Sacramento C, Ruiz KGS, da Cruz NC, Rangel EC, Fortulan C, Figueiredo L, Nagay BE, Souza JGS, Barão VAR. Micro-arc driven porous ZrO 2 coating for tailoring surface properties of titanium for dental implants application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 245:114237. [PMID: 39293292 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) is an ideal material for dental implants due to its excellent properties. However, corrosion and mechanical wear lead to Ti ions and particles release, triggering inflammatory responses and bone resorption. To overcome these challenges, surface modification techniques are used, including micro-arc oxidation (MAO). MAO creates adherent, porous coatings on Ti implants with diverse chemical compositions. In this context, zirconia element stands out in its wear and corrosion properties associated with low friction and chemical stability. Therefore, we investigated the impact of adding zirconium oxide (ZrO2) to Ti surfaces through MAO, aiming for improved electrochemical and mechanical properties. Additionally, the antimicrobial and modulatory potentials, cytocompatibility, and proteomic profile of surfaces were investigated. Ti discs were divided into four groups: machined - control (cpTi), treated by MAO with 0.04 M KOH - control (KOH), and two experimental groups incorporating ZrO2 at concentrations of 0.04 M and 0.08 M, composing the KOH@Zr4 and KOH@Zr8 groups. KOH@Zr8 showed higher surface porosity and roughness, even distribution of zirconia, formation of crystalline phases like ZrTiO4, and hydrophilicity. ZrO2 groups showed better mechanical performance including higher hardness values, lower wear area and mass loss, and higher friction coefficient under tribological conditions. The formation of a more compact oxide layer was observed, which favors the electrochemical stability of ZrO2 surfaces. Besides not inducing greater biofilm formation, ZrO2 surfaces reduced the load of pathogenic bacteria evidenced by the DNA-DNA checkerboard analysis. ZrO2 surfaces were cytocompatible with pre-osteoblastic cells. The saliva proteomic profile, evaluated by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, was slightly changed by zirconia, with more proteins adsorbed. KOH@Zr8 group notably absorbed proteins crucial for implant biological responses, like albumin and fibronectin. Incorporating ZrO2 improved the mechanical and electrochemical behavior of Ti surfaces, as well as modulated biofilm composition and provided suitable biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Sufia Andrade
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena R Borges
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Silva
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Samuel Malheiros
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Catharina Sacramento
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Karina G S Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Nilson C da Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Engineering College, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Engineering College, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fortulan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Luciene Figueiredo
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Joāo Gabriel S Souza
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
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Yu YM, Lu YP, Zhang T, Zheng YF, Liu YS, Xia DD. Biomaterials science and surface engineering strategies for dental peri-implantitis management. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:29. [PMID: 38741175 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption, ultimately resulting in implant failure. Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial properties, and bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the dental implants are major causes of peri-implantitis. Treatment strategies such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy have been used to remove dental plaque. However, it is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis rather than treatment. Therefore, the current research spot has focused on improving the antibacterial properties of dental implants, such as the construction of specific micro-nano surface texture, the introduction of diverse functional coatings, or the application of materials with intrinsic antibacterial properties. The aforementioned antibacterial surfaces can be incorporated with bioactive molecules, metallic nanoparticles, or other functional components to further enhance the osteogenic properties and accelerate the healing process. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in biomaterial science and the modification strategies applied to dental implants to inhibit biofilm formation and facilitate bone-implant integration. Furthermore, we summarized the obstacles existing in the process of laboratory research to reach the clinic products, and propose corresponding directions for future developments and research perspectives, so that to provide insights into the rational design and construction of dental implants with the aim to balance antibacterial efficacy, biological safety, and osteogenic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Meng Yu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu-Pu Lu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yun-Song Liu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Xia
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China.
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3
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Cajiao Checchin V, Cacciari RD, Rubert AA, Lieblich M, Caregnato P, Fagali NS, Fernández Lorenzo de Mele M. Innovative Anodic Treatment to Obtain Stable Metallic Silver Micropatches on TiO 2 Nanotubes: Structural, Electrochemical, and Photochemical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9644-9654. [PMID: 38434842 PMCID: PMC10905698 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical modification of the Ti surface to obtain TiO2 nanotubes (NT-Ti) has been proposed to enhance osseointegration in medical applications. However, susceptibility to microbial adhesion, linked to biomaterial-associated infections, and the high TiO2 band gap energy, which allows light absorption almost exclusively in the ultraviolet (UV) region, limit its applications. Modifying the TiO2 semiconductor with metals such as Ag has been suggested both for antimicrobial purposes and for absorbing light in the visible region. The formation of NT-Ti with Ag micropatches (Ag-NT-Ti) is pursued with the objective of enhancing the stability of the deposits and preventing cytotoxic levels of Ag cellular uptake. The innovative process proposed here involves immersing NT-Ti in a AgNO3 solution as the initial step. Diverging from previously reported electrochemical methods, this process incorporates anodization within the TiO2 oxide formation region instead of cathodic reduction generally employed by other researchers. The final step encompasses an annealing treatment. The treatments result in the in situ Ag1+ reduction and formation of stable and active micropatches of metallic Ag on the NT-Ti surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), wettability assessment, and electrochemical characterizations were conducted to evaluate the modified surfaces. The well-known properties of NT-Ti surfaces were enhanced, leading to improved photocatalytic activity across both visible and UV regions, significant stability against detachment, and controlled release of Ag1+ for promising antimicrobial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina
C. Cajiao Checchin
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo D. Cacciari
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Aldo A. Rubert
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcela Lieblich
- Centro
Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Caregnato
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Natalia S. Fagali
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mónica Fernández Lorenzo de Mele
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, C.C. 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Solanki LA, Dinesh SS, Jain RK, Balasubramaniam A. Effects of titanium oxide coating on the antimicrobial properties, surface characteristics, and cytotoxicity of orthodontic brackets - A systematic review and meta analysis of in-vitro studies. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:553-562. [PMID: 37409325 PMCID: PMC10319217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this review is to systematically analyze the available literature on the effects of titanium oxide (TiO₂) coating on the antimicrobial properties, surface characteristics, and cytotoxicity of orthodontic brackets. Methods In-vitro studies reporting on the effects of Titanium oxide (TiO₂) coatings on antimicrobial properties, surface roughness, cytotoxic activity and bacterial adhesion of orthodontic brackets were included in the review. Electronic databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar, were searched till September 2022. Risk of Bias was analyzed by using RoBDEMAT tool. Meta-analysis using Random Effects Model was performed for assessing the antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, C. albicans and L. Acidophilus. Results A total of 11 studies were included the RoB analysis revealed sufficient reporting across all the domains and inconsistent reporting in only two of the domains. On qualitative analysis, a significant antimicrobial effect of TiO2 coating on orthodontic brackets against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and Lactobacillus acidophilus was reported. The meta analysis revealed a significant overall antimicrobial effect with a high heterogeneity. (SMD: 3.5; p < 0.00001; i2 - 99.2%). Conclusion An overall significant antimicrobial effect of TiO₂ coated brackets against S. mutans, L. Acidophilus, C. Albicans was noted but with a high heterogeneity. The subgroup analysis revealed a significant antimicrobial effect on C albicans with a low heterogeneity but it was limited by a publication bias. The included studies reported reduced surface roughness, minimal bacterial adhesion and less cytotoxic activity with TiO₂ coated brackets than uncoated brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichi Ashwin Solanki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S.P. Saravana Dinesh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arthi Balasubramaniam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Ma Y, Yu N, Lu H, Shi J, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jia G. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: revealing the mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity and effects in the gut microbiota. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2051-2067. [PMID: 37344693 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies in recent years have questioned the safety of oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). TiO2 NPs are not only likely to accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract, but they are also found to penetrate the body circulation and reach distant organs. The liver, which is considered to be a target organ for nanoparticles, is of particular concern. TiO2 NPs accumulate in the liver and cause oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in pathological damage. The impact of TiO2 NPs on liver aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was studied using a meta-analysis. According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs are eliminated mostly through feces, and their lengthy residence in the gut exposes them to microbiota. The gut microbiota is also dysbiotic due to titanium dioxide's antibacterial capabilities. This further leads to changes in the amount of microbiota metabolites, which can reach the liver with blood circulation and trigger hepatotoxicity through the gut-liver axis. This review examines the gut-liver axis to assess the effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis on the liver to provide suggestions for assessing the gut-hepatotoxicity of TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Nairui Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaye Lu
- Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control and Prevent, 172 Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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6
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Leong CY, Wahab RA, Lee SL, Ponnusamy VK, Chen YH. Current perspectives of metal-based nanomaterials as photocatalytic antimicrobial agents and their therapeutic modes of action: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115578. [PMID: 36848977 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to restrict the emergence and progression of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains should heavily involve the scientific community, including government bodies, researchers, and industries, in developing new and effective photocatalytic antimicrobial agents. Such changes warrant the modernization and upscaling of materials synthesis laboratories to support and expedite the mass production of materials at the industrial scale for the benefit of humankind and the environment. Despite the massive volume of publications reporting the potential usage of different types of metal-based nanomaterials as antimicrobial agents, reviews uncovering the similarities and differences among the various products remain lacking. This review details the basic and unique properties of metal-based nanoparticles, their use as photocatalytic antimicrobial agents, and their therapeutic modes of action. It shall be noted that compared to traditional antibiotics, the mode of action of photocatalytic metal-based nanomaterials for killing microorganisms are completely different, despite displaying promising performance against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Besides, this review uncovers the differences in the mode of actions of metal oxide nanoparticles against different types of bacteria, as well as towards viruses. Last but not least, this review comprehensively describes previous published clinical trials and medical usages involving contemporary photocatalytic antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yee Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (NKUST), Kaohsiung City, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Vieira A, Rodríguez-Lorenzo L, Leonor IB, Reis RL, Espiña B, Dos Santos MB. Innovative Antibacterial, Photocatalytic, Titanium Dioxide Microstructured Surfaces Based on Bacterial Adhesion Enhancement. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:754-764. [PMID: 36696391 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial colonization and biofilm formation are found on nearly all wet surfaces, representing a serious problem for both human healthcare and industrial applications, where traditional treatments may not be effective. Herein, we describe a synergistic approach for improving the performance of antibacterial surfaces based on microstructured surfaces that embed titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The surfaces were designed to enhance bacteria entrapment, facilitating their subsequent eradication by a combination of UVC disinfection and TiO2 NPs photocatalysis. The efficacy of the engineered TiO2-modified microtopographic surfaces was evaluated using three different designs, and it was found that S2-lozenge and S3-square patterns had a higher concentration of trapped bacteria, with increases of 70 and 76%, respectively, compared to flat surfaces. Importantly, these surfaces showed a significant reduction (99%) of viable bacteria after just 30 min of irradiation with UVC 254 nm light at low intensity, being sixfold more effective than flat surfaces. Overall, our results showed that the synergistic effect of combining microstructured capturing surfaces with the chemical functionality of TiO2 NPs paves the way for developing innovative and efficient antibacterial surfaces with numerous potential applications in the healthcare and biotechnology market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vieira
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
| | - Isabel B Leonor
- 3B's Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães4805-017, Barco, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's─PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães4805-017, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães4805-017, Barco, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's─PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães4805-017, Portugal
| | - Begoña Espiña
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
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8
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Alexander R, Liu J, Wu W, Wang G. Synergistic Photocatalytic and Photothermal Antibacterial Activity of (In, Nb) and (Al, Nb) Co‐Doped TiO
2
Ceramics. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Yang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Revathi Alexander
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jinqiu Liu
- School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xian Shaanxi 710119 China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xian Shaanxi 710119 China
| | - Guocheng Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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Nezhadramezan-Ghasemabadi H, Mazloumi M, Azimi S, Shirini F. One-pot three component synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines and benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]-pyrimidine-3-carbonitrile catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid immobilized on nanoporous TiO2. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Hasan J, Bright R, Hayles A, Palms D, Zilm P, Barker D, Vasilev K. Preventing Peri-implantitis: The Quest for a Next Generation of Titanium Dental Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4697-4737. [PMID: 36240391 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are frequently the biomaterial of choice for dental implant applications. Although titanium dental implants have been utilized for decades, there are yet unresolved issues pertaining to implant failure. Dental implant failure can arise either through wear and fatigue of the implant itself or peri-implant disease and subsequent host inflammation. In the present report, we provide a comprehensive review of titanium and its alloys in the context of dental implant material, and how surface properties influence the rate of bacterial colonization and peri-implant disease. Details are provided on the various periodontal pathogens implicated in peri-implantitis, their adhesive behavior, and how this relationship is governed by the implant surface properties. Issues of osteointegration and immunomodulation are also discussed in relation to titanium dental implants. Some impediments in the commercial translation for a novel titanium-based dental implant from "bench to bedside" are discussed. Numerous in vitro studies on novel materials, processing techniques, and methodologies performed on dental implants have been highlighted. The present report review that comprehensively compares the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of titanium and its alloys for dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Hasan
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Richard Bright
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Hayles
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis Palms
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Zilm
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Barker
- ANISOP Holdings, Pty. Ltd., 101 Collins St, Melbourne VIC, 3000 Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
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11
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Magnetron Sputtering of Transition Metals as an Alternative Production Means for Antibacterial Surfaces. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091843. [PMID: 36144445 PMCID: PMC9504686 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and growing numbers of bacteria with resistance to antibiotics, the development of antimicrobial coatings is rising worldwide. Inorganic coatings are attractive because of low environmental leakage and wear resistance. Examples for coatings are hot metal dipping or physical vapor deposition of nanometer coatings. Here, magnetron sputtering of various transition metals, such as gold, ruthenium and tantalum, was investigated. Metal films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We investigated the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from household appliances on different sputter-coated metal surfaces. The fine-grained nanometric structure of these metal coatings was between 14 nm (tantalum) and 26 nm (gold) and the roughness was in a range of 164 pm (ruthenium) to 246 pm (gold). Antibacterial efficacy of metal surfaces followed the order: gold > tantalum > ruthenium. Interestingly, gold had the strongest inhibitory effect on bacterial growth, as analyzed by LIVE/DEAD and CFU assay. High-magnification SEM images showed dead bacteria characterized by shrinkage induced by metal coatings. We conclude that sputtering might be a new application for the development of antimicrobial surfaces on household appliances and or surgical instruments.
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12
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Shang C, Bu J, Song C. Preparation, Antimicrobial Properties under Different Light Sources, Mechanisms and Applications of TiO 2: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15175820. [PMID: 36079203 PMCID: PMC9457460 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antimicrobial methods, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, may cause adverse effects, such as bacterial resistance and allergic reactions. Photocatalysts based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) have shown great potential in the field of antimicrobials because of their high efficiency, lack of pollution, and lack of side effects. This paper focuses on the antimicrobial activity of TiO2 under different light sources. To improve the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2, we can reduce electron-hole recombination and extend the photocatalytic activity to the visible light region by doping with different ions or compounds and compounding with polymers. We can also improve the surface properties of materials, increase the contact area with microorganisms, and further enhance the resistance to microorganisms. In addition, we also reviewed their main synthesis methods, related mechanisms, and main application fields to provide new ideas for the enhancement of photocatalytic microorganism performance and application popularization in the future.
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13
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High power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) for the fabrication of antimicrobial and transparent TiO2 thin films. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Oirschot BV, zhang Y, Alghamdi HS, cordeiro JM, nagay B, barão VA, de avila ED, van den Beucken J. Surface engineering for dental implantology: favoring tissue responses along the implant
. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:555-572. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bart van Oirschot
- Radboudumc Department of Dentistry, 370502, Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
| | - yang zhang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, School of Stomatology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,
| | - Hamdan S Alghamdi
- King Saud University College of Dentistry, 204573, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - jairo m cordeiro
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - bruna nagay
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - valentim ar barão
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - erica dorigatti de avila
- UNESP, 28108, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil,
| | - Jeroen van den Beucken
- Radboudumc Department of Dentistry, 370502, Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
- RU RIMLS, 59912, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
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15
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Hardman CT, Johnson HA, Doukas M, Pettit CC, Janorkar AV, Williamson RS, Roach MD. Photocatalytic, Phosphorous‐Doped, Anatase Oxide Layers Applicable to Titanium Implant Alloys. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. T. Hardman
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - H. A. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - M. Doukas
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - C. C. Pettit
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - A. V. Janorkar
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - R. S. Williamson
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
| | - M. D. Roach
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS US
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16
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Markowska-Szczupak A, Paszkiewicz O, Michalkiewicz B, Kamińska A, Wróbel RJ. Fabrication of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces Using Magnetron-Sputtering Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7301. [PMID: 34885454 PMCID: PMC8658246 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One-hundred-nanometer films consisting of silver, copper, and gold nanocrystallites were prepared, and their antibacterial properties were quantitatively measured. The magnetron-sputtering method was used for the preparation of the metallic films over the glass plate. Single- and double-layer films were manufactured. The films were thoroughly characterized with the XRD, SEM, EDS, and XPS methods. The antibacterial activity of the samples was investigated. Gram-negative Escherichia coli, strain K12 ATCC 25922 (E. coli), and Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis, ATCC 49461 (S. epidermidis), were used in the microbial tests. The crystallite size was about 30 nm in the cases of silver and gold and a few nanometers in the case of copper. Significant oxidation of the copper films was proven. The antibacterial efficacy of the tested samples followed the order: Ag/Cu > Au/Cu > Cu. It was concluded that such metallic surfaces may be applied as contact-killing materials for a more effective fight against bacteria and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Markowska-Szczupak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Oliwia Paszkiewicz
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Beata Michalkiewicz
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Adrianna Kamińska
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Rafał Jan Wróbel
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
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17
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Youf R, Müller M, Balasini A, Thétiot F, Müller M, Hascoët A, Jonas U, Schönherr H, Lemercier G, Montier T, Le Gall T. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Latest Developments with a Focus on Combinatory Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1995. [PMID: 34959277 PMCID: PMC8705969 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has become a fundamental tool in modern therapeutics, notably due to the expanding versatility of photosensitizers (PSs) and the numerous possibilities to combine aPDT with other antimicrobial treatments to combat localized infections. After revisiting the basic principles of aPDT, this review first highlights the current state of the art of curative or preventive aPDT applications with relevant clinical trials. In addition, the most recent developments in photochemistry and photophysics as well as advanced carrier systems in the context of aPDT are provided, with a focus on the latest generations of efficient and versatile PSs and the progress towards hybrid-multicomponent systems. In particular, deeper insight into combinatory aPDT approaches is afforded, involving non-radiative or other light-based modalities. Selected aPDT perspectives are outlined, pointing out new strategies to target and treat microorganisms. Finally, the review works out the evolution of the conceptually simple PDT methodology towards a much more sophisticated, integrated, and innovative technology as an important element of potent antimicrobial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Youf
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Max Müller
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Ali Balasini
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (A.B.); (U.J.)
| | - Franck Thétiot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6521, Université de Brest (UBO), CS 93837, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mareike Müller
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Alizé Hascoët
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (A.B.); (U.J.)
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Gilles Lemercier
- Coordination Chemistry Team, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7312, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Maladies Neuromusculaires, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
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18
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Antibacterial Effects of Modified Implant Abutment Surfaces for the Prevention of Peri-Implantitis-A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111350. [PMID: 34827288 PMCID: PMC8615005 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to systematically review studies investigating antibacterial implant abutment surfaces or coatings, which may suppress bacterial growth to prevent plaque-induced peri-implant inflammatory disease. Data were collected after identification of case, assay/laboratory procedure, predicate/reference standard and outcome (CAPO). Seven hundred and twenty (720) records were identified through data base searching. After screening nine publications fulfilled inclusion criteria and were included. The following surfaces/coatings showed antibacterial properties: Electrochemical surface modification of titanium by the anodic spark deposition technique; doxycycline coating by cathodic polarization; silver coating by DC plasma sputter; titanium nitride; zirconium nitride and microwave assistant nano silver coating. Since the current state of the literature is rather descriptive, a meta-analysis was not performed. While several abutment coatings showed to have antibacterial capacity, some of them also influenced the behavior of investigated human cells. None of the studies investigated the long-term effect of surface modifications. Since surface changes are the main contributing factor in the development of antibacterial effects, the biodegradation behavior must be characterized to understand its durability. To date there is no effective structure, material or strategy to avoid peri-implant inflammation used as clinical routine. Furthermore, clinical studies are scarce.
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19
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Dhaliwal JS, Abd Rahman NA, Ming LC, Dhaliwal SKS, Knights J, Albuquerque Junior RF. Microbial Biofilm Decontamination on Dental Implant Surfaces: A Mini Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:736186. [PMID: 34692562 PMCID: PMC8531646 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.736186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction After insertion into the bone, implants osseointegrate, which is required for their long-term success. However, inflammation and infection around the implants may lead to implant failure leading to peri-implantitis and loss of supporting bone, which may eventually lead to failure of implant. Surface chemistry of the implant and lack of cleanliness on the part of the patient are related to peri-implantitis. The only way to get rid of this infection is decontamination of dental implants. Objective This systematic review intended to study decontamination of microbial biofilm methods on titanium implant surfaces used in dentistry. Methods The electronic databases Springer Link, Science Direct, and PubMed were explored from their inception until December 2020 to identify relevant studies. Studies included had to evaluate the efficiency of new strategies either to prevent formation of biofilm or to treat matured biofilm on dental implant surfaces. Results and Discussion In this systematic review, 17 different groups of decontamination methods were summarized from 116 studies. The decontamination methods included coating materials, mechanical cleaning, laser treatment, photodynamic therapy, air polishing, anodizing treatment, radiation, sonication, thermal treatment, ultrasound treatment, chemical treatment, electrochemical treatment, antimicrobial drugs, argon treatment, and probiotics. Conclusion The findings suggest that most of the decontamination methods were effective in preventing the formation of biofilm and in decontaminating established biofilm on dental implants. This narrative review provides a summary of methods for future research in the development of new dental implants and decontamination techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Nurul Adhwa Abd Rahman
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Sachinjeet Kaur Sodhi Dhaliwal
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Joe Knights
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei, Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
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20
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Hosseinpour S, Nanda A, Walsh LJ, Xu C. Microbial Decontamination and Antibacterial Activity of Nanostructured Titanium Dental Implants: A Narrative Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2336. [PMID: 34578650 PMCID: PMC8471155 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is the major cause of the failure of dental implants. Since dental implants have become one of the main therapies for teeth loss, the number of patients with peri-implant diseases has been rising. Like the periodontal diseases that affect the supporting tissues of the teeth, peri-implant diseases are also associated with the formation of dental plaque biofilm, and resulting inflammation and destruction of the gingival tissues and bone. Treatments for peri-implantitis are focused on reducing the bacterial load in the pocket around the implant, and in decontaminating surfaces once bacteria have been detached. Recently, nanoengineered titanium dental implants have been introduced to improve osteointegration and provide an osteoconductive surface; however, the increased surface roughness raises issues of biofilm formation and more challenging decontamination of the implant surface. This paper reviews treatment modalities that are carried out to eliminate bacterial biofilms and slow their regrowth in terms of their advantages and disadvantages when used on titanium dental implant surfaces with nanoscale features. Such decontamination methods include physical debridement, chemo-mechanical treatments, laser ablation and photodynamic therapy, and electrochemical processes. There is a consensus that the efficient removal of the biofilm supplemented by chemical debridement and full access to the pocket is essential for treating peri-implantitis in clinical settings. Moreover, there is the potential to create ideal nano-modified titanium implants which exert antimicrobial actions and inhibit biofilm formation. Methods to achieve this include structural and surface changes via chemical and physical processes that alter the surface morphology and confer antibacterial properties. These have shown promise in preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laurence J. Walsh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.H.); (A.N.)
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (S.H.); (A.N.)
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21
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Xu Q, Liu Y, Cai L, Cao Y, Chen F, Zhou L, Zhu P, Jiang H, Jiang QY, Sun Y, Chen J. A green electrolysis of silver-decorated MoS 2 nanocomposite with an enhanced antibacterial effect and low cytotoxicity. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3460-3469. [PMID: 36133707 PMCID: PMC9417968 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To tackle the devastating microbial infections for the public health, a continuous search for effective and safe nanobiocides based on their prominent nanoscale effects has been extensively explored during past decades. In this study, a green electrolysis method was employed to synthesize silver-doped molybdenum sulfide (Ag@MoS2) composite materials. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited a sheet-like structure with a large specific surface area, which contributed to the efficient loading and refined distribution of silver nanoparticles. G- E. coli and G + S. aureus were used as model bacteria for the antibacterial test, which revealed enhanced antibacterial activity of produced nanocomposites with an identified destructive effect on preformed biofilms. It was found that within 72 hour incubation, 20 μg mL-1 Ag@MoS2 was sufficient to inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus without visible colony formation, pointing to a desirable long-term antibacterial activity. Further a mechanistic antibiosis study of Ag@MoS2 indicated the involvement of a generation of reactive oxygen species. Notably, owing to the well-distributed silver nanoparticles on the nontoxic MoS2 nanosheet, the cytotoxicity evaluation results revealed that produced nanocomposites exhibited negligible toxicity to mammalian cells, and thereby held promising potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilan Xu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Ling Cai
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Liuzhu Zhou
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Qiao-Yan Jiang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Jin Chen
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
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22
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Zhao Y, Lu R, Wang X, Huai X, Wang C, Wang Y, Chen S. Visible light-induced antibacterial and osteogenic cell proliferation properties of hydrogenated TiO 2 nanotubes/Ti foil composite. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:195101. [PMID: 33513586 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We successfully fabricated the hydrogenated TiO2 nanotubes/Ti foil (H-TNTs/f-Ti) composite via one-step anodization and two-step annealing. H-TNTs/f-Ti composite had a higher visible light-induced photoelectric response and more hydroxyl functional groups compared with Ti foil and unmodified TiO2 nanotubes/Ti foil composite, which contributed to limiting the proliferation of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, promoting the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cell on the hydroxylated surface, and improving the biocompatibility with osteogenic cells. Our study provides a simple and effective method for significantly improving dental implant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Lu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Huai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuji Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Chen
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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23
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Chen Z, Wang Z, Qiu W, Fang F. Overview of Antibacterial Strategies of Dental Implant Materials for the Prevention of Peri-Implantitis. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:627-638. [PMID: 33779151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As dental implants have become one of the main treatment options for patients with tooth loss, the number of patients with peri-implant diseases has increased. Similar to periodontal diseases, peri-implant diseases have been associated with dental plaque formation on implants. Unconventional approaches have been reported to remove plaque from infected implants, but none of these methods can completely and permanently solve the problem of bacterial invasion. Fortunately, the constant development of antibacterial implant materials is a promising solution to this situation. In this review, the development and study of different antibacterial strategies for dental implant materials for the prevention of peri-implantitis are summarized. We hope that by highlighting the advantages and limitations of these antimicrobial strategies, we can assist in the continued development of oral implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhaodan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
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Gonçalves IMR, Herrero ER, Carvalho O, Henriques B, Silva FS, Teughels W, Souza JCM. Antibiofilm effects of titanium surfaces modified by laser texturing and hot-pressing sintering with silver. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:1588-1600. [PMID: 33622023 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases are one of the main causes of dental implant failure. New strategies for dental implants manufacturing have been developed to prevent the accumulation of bacteria and related inflammatory reactions. The main aim of this work was to develop laser-treated titanium surfaces covered with silver that generate a electrical dipole to inhibit the oral bacteria accumulation. Two approaches were developed for that purpose. In one approach a pattern of different titanium dioxide thickness was produced on the titanium surface, using a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser system operating at 1064 nm. The second approach was to incorporate silver particles on a laser textured titanium surface. The incorporation of the silver was performed by laser sintering and hot-pressing approaches. The anti-biofilm effect of the discs were tested against biofilms involving 14 different bacterial strains growth for 24 and 72 hr. The morphological aspects of the surfaces were evaluated by optical and field emission guns scanning electronical microscopy (FEGSEM) and therefore the wettability and roughness were also assessed. Physicochemical analyses revealed that the test surfaces were hydrophilic and moderately rough. The oxidized titanium surfaces showed no signs of antibacterial effects when compared to polished discs. However, the discs with silver revealed a decrease of accumulation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia strains. Thus, the combination of Nd:YAG laser irradiation and hot-pressing was effective to produce silver-based patterns on titanium surfaces to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacterial species. The laser parameters can be optimized to achieve different patterns, roughness, and thickness of the modified titanium layer regarding the type and region of the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M R Gonçalves
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Esteban R Herrero
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Oscar Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Filipe S Silva
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Júlio C M Souza
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Guimarães, Braga, 4800-058, Portugal.,Department of Dental Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, Gandra PRD, 4585-116, Portugal
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van Hengel IAJ, Tierolf MWAM, Valerio VPM, Minneboo M, Fluit AC, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Apachitei I, Zadpoor AA. Self-defending additively manufactured bone implants bearing silver and copper nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:1589-1602. [PMID: 31848564 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02434d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Effective preventive measures against implant-associated infection (IAI) are desperately needed. Therefore, the development of self-defending implants with intrinsic antibacterial properties has gained significant momentum. Biomaterials biofunctionalized with silver (Ag) have resulted in effective antibacterial biomaterials, yet regularly induce cytotoxicity. In this study, the use of both Ag and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) on TiO2 surfaces was investigated to generate antibacterial and osteoconductive biomaterials. Hence, additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V volume-porous implants were biofunctionalized with plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) through the incorporation of varying ratios of Ag and/or Cu NPs in the TiO2 layer covering the implant surface. For all experimental groups, the surface morphology, chemical composition, ion release profile, generation of reactive ion species, antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro and ex vivo, as well as the response of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in metabolic activity and differentiation assays were determined. PEO biofunctionalization resulted in rough and highly porous surfaces that released Ag and Cu ions for 28 days and generated hydroxyl as well as methyl radicals. A strong synergistic bactericidal behavior between Ag and Cu ions was detected, which allowed to decrease the concentration of Ag ions by 10-fold, while maintaining the same level of antibacterial activity. Antibacterial agar diffusion and quantitative assays indicated strong antibacterial activity in vitro for the implants containing Ag and Ag/Cu, while no antibacterial activity was observed for implants bearing only Cu NPs. Moreover, the biofunctionalized implants with ratios of up to 75% Ag and 25% Cu NP totally eradicated all bacteria in an ex vivo model using murine femora. Meanwhile, the biofunctionalized implants did not show any signs of cytotoxicity, while implants bearing only Cu NPs improved the metabolic activity after 7 and 11 days. The biomaterials developed here, therefore, exploit the synergistic behavior of Ag and Cu to simultaneously offer strong antibacterial behavior while fully mitigating the cytotoxicity of Ag against mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A J van Hengel
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - M W A M Tierolf
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - V P M Valerio
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - M Minneboo
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - A C Fluit
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L E Fratila-Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - I Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - A A Zadpoor
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
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Balasubramaniam B, Prateek, Ranjan S, Saraf M, Kar P, Singh SP, Thakur VK, Singh A, Gupta RK. Antibacterial and Antiviral Functional Materials: Chemistry and Biological Activity toward Tackling COVID-19-like Pandemics. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:8-54. [PMID: 33615160 PMCID: PMC7784665 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing worldwide pandemic due to COVID-19 has created awareness toward ensuring best practices to avoid the spread of microorganisms. In this regard, the research on creating a surface which destroys or inhibits the adherence of microbial/viral entities has gained renewed interest. Although many research reports are available on the antibacterial materials or coatings, there is a relatively small amount of data available on the use of antiviral materials. However, with more research geared toward this area, new information is being added to the literature every day. The combination of antibacterial and antiviral chemical entities represents a potentially path-breaking intervention to mitigate the spread of disease-causing agents. In this review, we have surveyed antibacterial and antiviral materials of various classes such as small-molecule organics, synthetic and biodegradable polymers, silver, TiO2, and copper-derived chemicals. The surface protection mechanisms of the materials against the pathogen colonies are discussed in detail, which highlights the key differences that could determine the parameters that would govern the future development of advanced antibacterial and antiviral materials and surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prateek
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sudhir Ranjan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Mohit Saraf
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Prasenjit Kar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining
and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
| | - Anand Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- Center
for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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Hashemi Astaneh S, Faverani LP, Sukotjo C, Takoudis CG. Atomic layer deposition on dental materials: Processing conditions and surface functionalization to improve physical, chemical, and clinical properties - A review. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:103-118. [PMID: 33227485 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface functionalization is an effective approach to improve and enhance the properties of dental materials. A review of atomic layer deposition (ALD) in the field of dental materials is presented. ALD is a well-established thin film deposition technique. It is being used for surface functionalization in different technologies and biological related applications. With film thickness control down to Ångström length scale and uniform conformal thin films even on complex 3D substrates, high quality thin films and their reproducibility are noteworthy advantages of ALD over other thin film deposition methods. Low temperature ALD allows temperature sensitive substrates to be functionalized with high quality ultra-thin films too. In the current work, ALD is elaborated as a promising method for surface modification of dental materials. Different aspects of conventional dental materials that can be enhanced using ALD are discussed. Also, the influence of different ALD thin films and their microstructure on the surface properties, corrosion-resistance, antibacterial activity, biofilm formation, and osteoblast compatibility are addressed. Depending on the stage of advancement for the studied materials reported in the literature, these studies are then categorized into four stages: fabrication & characterization, in vitro studies, in vivo studies, and human tests. Materials coated with ALD thin films with potential dental applications are also presented here and they are categorized as stage 1. The purpose of this review is to organize and present the up to date ALD research on dental materials. The current study can serve as a guide for future work on using ALD for surface functionalization and resulting property tuning of materials in real world dental applications.
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Pantaroto HN, Cordeiro JM, Pereira LT, de Almeida AB, Nociti Junior FH, Rangel EC, Azevedo Neto NF, da Silva JHD, Barão VAR. Sputtered crystalline TiO 2 film drives improved surface properties of titanium-based biomedical implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111638. [PMID: 33321676 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Different crystalline phases in sputtered TiO2 films were tailored to determine their surface and electrochemical properties, protein adsorption and apatite layer formation on titanium-based implant material. Deposition conditions of two TiO2 crystalline phases (anatase and rutile) were established and then grown on commercially pure titanium (cpTi) by magnetron sputtering to obtain the following groups: A-TiO2 (anatase), M-TiO2 (anatase and rutile mixture), R-TiO2 (rutile). Non-treated commercially pure titanium (cpTi) was used as a control. Surfaces characterization included: chemical composition, topography, crystalline phase and surface free energy (SFE). Electrochemical tests were conducted using simulated body fluid (SBF). Albumin adsorption was measured by bicinchoninic acid method. Hydroxyapatite (HA) precipitation was evaluated after 28 days of immersion in SBF. MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion, morphology and spreading onto the experimental surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Sputtering treatment modified cpTi topography by increasing its surface roughness. CpTi and M-TiO2 groups presented the greatest SFE. In general, TiO2 films displayed improved electrochemical behavior compared to cpTi, with M-TiO2 featuring the highest polarization resistance. Rutile phase exhibited a greater influence on decreasing the current density and corrosion rate, while the presence of a bi-phasic polycrystalline condition displayed a more stable passive behavior. M-TiO2 featured increased albumin adsorption. HA morphology was dependent on the crystalline phase, being more evident in the bi-phasic group. Furthermore, M-TiO2 displayed normal cell adhesion and morphology. The combination of anatase and rutile structures to generate TiO2 films is a promising strategy to improve biomedical implants properties including greater corrosion protection, higher protein adsorption, bioactivity and non-cytotoxicity effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Navarro Pantaroto
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Brazil
| | - Lucas Toniolo Pereira
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda Bandeira de Almeida
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Elidiane Cipriano Rangel
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Nilton Francelosi Azevedo Neto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics, Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo C. Coube, 14-01, Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Jose Humberto Dias da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics, Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo C. Coube, 14-01, Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Brazil.
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29
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Pantaroto HN, de Almeida AB, Gomes OP, Matos AO, Landers R, Casarin RCV, da Silva JHD, Nociti FH, Barão VAR. Outlining cell interaction and inflammatory cytokines on UV-photofunctionalized mixed-phase TiO 2 thin film. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111438. [PMID: 33255031 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photofunctionalization mediated by ultraviolet (UV) light seems to be a promising approach to improve the physico-chemical characteristics and the biological response of titanium (Ti) dental implants. Seeing that photofunctionalization is able to remove carbon from the surface, besides to promote reactions on the titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer, coating the Ti with a stable TiO2 film could potentialize the UV effect. Thus, here we determined the impact of UV-photofunctionalized mixed-phase (anatase and rutile) TiO2 films on the physico-chemical properties of Ti substrate and cell biology. Mixed-phase TiO2 films were grown by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering on commercially pure titanium (cpTi) discs, and samples were divided as follow: cpTi (negative control), TiO2 (positive control), cpTi UV, TiO2 UV (experimental). Photofunctionalization was performed using UVA (360 nm - 40 W) and UVC (250 nm - 40 W) lamps for 48 h. Surfaces were analyzed in terms of morphology, topography, chemical composition, crystalline phase, wettability and surface free energy. Pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3E1) were used to assess cell morphology and adhesion, metabolism, mineralization potential and cytokine secretion (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-17). TiO2-coated surfaces exhibited granular surface morphology and greater roughness. Photofunctionalization increased wettability (p < 0.05) and surface free energy (p < 0.001) on both surface conditions. TiO2-treated groups featured normal cell morphology and spreading, and greater cellular metabolic activity at 2 and 4 days (p < 0.05), whereas UV-photofunctionalized surfaces enhanced cell metabolism, cell adhered area, and calcium deposition (day 14) (p < 0.05). In general, assessed proteins were found slightly affected by either UV or TiO2 treatments. Altogether, our findings suggest that UV-photofunctionalized TiO2 surface has the potential to improve pre-osteoblastic cell differentiation and the ability of cells to form mineral nodules by modifying Ti physico-chemical properties towards a more stable context. UV-modified surfaces modulate the secretion of key inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Navarro Pantaroto
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda B de Almeida
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Orisson P Gomes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics, Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo C. Coube, 14-01, Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Adaias O Matos
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Richard Landers
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, Department of Applied Physics, R. Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 777, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Renato Corrêa V Casarin
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - José Humberto D da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics, Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo C. Coube, 14-01, Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Brazil.
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Decontamination of Ti Oxide Surfaces by Using Ultraviolet Light: Hg-Vapor vs. LED-Based Irradiation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110724. [PMID: 33105704 PMCID: PMC7690427 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C-range Ultraviolet (UVC) mercury (Hg)-vapor lamps have shown the successful decontamination of hydrocarbons and antimicrobial effects from titanium surfaces. This study focused on surface chemistry modifications of titanium dental implants by using two different light sources, Hg-vapor lamps and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), so as to compare the effectivity of both photofunctionalization technologies. Two different devices, a small Hg-vapor lamp (λ = 254 nm) and a pair of closely placed LEDs (λ = 278 nm), were used to irradiate the implants for 12 min. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to characterize the chemical composition of the surfaces, analysing the samples before and after the lighting treatment, performing a wide and narrow scan around the energy peaks of carbon, oxygen and titanium. XPS analysis showed a reduction in the concentration of surface hydrocarbons in both UVC technologies from around 26 to 23.4 C at.% (carbon atomic concentration). Besides, simultaneously, an increase in concentration of oxygen and titanium was observed. LED-based UVC photofunctionalization has been suggested to be as effective a method as Hg-vapor lamps to remove the hydrocarbons from the surface of titanium dental implants. Therefore, due to the increase in worldwide mercury limitations, LED-based technology could be a good alternative decontamination source.
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Johnson HA, Williamson RS, Marquart M, Bumgardner JD, Janorkar AV, Roach MD. Photocatalytic activity and antibacterial efficacy of UVA-treated titanium oxides. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:500-514. [PMID: 32686588 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220942669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown ultraviolet-A (UVA) irradiation of crystalline titanium oxides leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a photocatalytic process. The ROS exhibit antimicrobial properties that may be of benefit in preventing bacterial attachment to implant devices. Recent studies have suggested a potential benefit of mixed anatase and rutile oxides and dopants on the photocatalytic properties of titanium oxides. The goal of this work was to compare the photocatalytic activity of different anodized commercially pure titanium grade 4 (CPTi4) surfaces. CPTi4 specimens were anodized in three mixed-acid electrolytes to create crystalline oxide surfaces that were either primarily anatase, primarily rutile, or a combination of anatase and rutile. Additionally, the primarily anatase and combination oxides incorporated some phosphorous from the phosphoric acid component in the electrolyte. The photocatalytic activity of the anodized specimens was measured using both methylene blue (MB) degradation assay and comparing the attachment of S. aureus under irradiation with UVA light of differing intensities (1 mW/cm2, 8 mW/cm2, and 23 mW/cm2). Primarily rutile oxides exhibited significantly higher levels of MB degradation after exposure to 1 mW/cm2 UVA lights. Primarily rutile specimens also had the largest reduction in bacterial attachment followed by the mixed phase specimens and the primarily anatase specimens at 1 mW/cm2 UVA lights. Phosphorous-doped, mixed phase oxides exhibited an accelerated MB degradation response during exposure to 8 mW/cm2 and 23 mW/cm2 UVA lights. All anodized and unanodized CPTi4 groups revealed similar S. aureus attachment at the two higher UVA intensities. Although MB degradation assay and the bacteria attachment assay both confirmed photocatalytic activity of the oxides formed in this study, the results of the MB degradation assay did not accurately predict the oxides performance against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haden Andrew Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Randall Scott Williamson
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary Marquart
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joel David Bumgardner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Amol V Janorkar
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Michael David Roach
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Synthesis of bioactive glass-based coating by plasma electrolytic oxidation: Untangling a new deposition pathway toward titanium implant surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 579:680-698. [PMID: 32652323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Although bioactive glass (BG) particle coatings were previously developed by different methods, poor particle adhesion to surfaces and reduced biological effects because of glass crystallization have limited their biomedical applications. To overcome this problem, we have untangled, for the first time, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) as a new pathway for the synthesis of bioactive glass-based coating (PEO-BG) on titanium (Ti) materials. EXPERIMENTS Electrolyte solution with bioactive elements (Na2SiO3-5H2O, C4H6O4Ca, NaNO3, and C3H7Na2O6P) was used as a precursor source to obtain a 45S5 bioglass-like composition on a Ti surface by PEO. Subsequently, the PEO-BG coating was investigated with respect to its surface, mechanical, tribological, electrochemical, microbiological, and biological properties, compared with those of machined and sandblasted/acid-etched control surfaces. FINDINGS PEO treatment produced a coating with complex surface topography, Ti crystalline phases, superhydrophilic status, chemical composition, and oxide layer similar to that of 45S5-BG (~45.0Si, 24.5 Ca, 24.5Na, 6.0P w/v%). PEO-BG enhanced Ti mechanical and tribological properties with higher corrosion resistance. Furthermore, PEO-BG had a positive influence in polymicrobial biofilms, by reducing pathogenic bacterial associated with biofilm-related infections. PEO-BG also showed higher adsorption of blood plasma proteins without cytotoxic effects on human cells, and thus may be considered a promising biocompatible approach for biomedical implants.
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The Applicability of a Drop Penetration Method to Measure Contact Angles on TiO 2 and ZnO Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061099. [PMID: 32498241 PMCID: PMC7353180 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, six solvents (water, diiodomethane, bromonaphthalene, formamide, ethanol and ethylene glycol) were examined for three nanoparticle substrates, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide (21 nm and 100 nm), with the goal of assessing the suitability of a modified drop penetration method (DPM) for orders of magnitude smaller particles. Nanoparticles were compressed into flat discs and the solvent dropped on the surface while the image with time was recorded. Contact angles were in reasonable agreement with literature over the range of 20–80°, but failed to provide acceptable results for surface energy components. It was necessary to eliminate certain solvents and substrates not meeting the selection criteria.
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Sürmelioğlu D, Özçetin HK, Özdemir ZM, Yavuz SA, Aydın U. Effectiveness and SEM-EDX analysis following bleaching with an experimental bleaching gel containing titanium dioxide and/or chitosan. Odontology 2020; 109:114-123. [PMID: 32440750 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bleaching effectiveness and mineral alterations following the use of experimental bleaching gels that included 6% hydrogen peroxide (HP), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or chitosan in comparison with the routinely used 35% HP bleaching gel. Thirty-six maxillary anterior teeth were divided into three groups according to bleaching agent as follows: Group 1: 6% HP + TiO2, Group 2: 6% HP + TiO2 + chitosan, Group 3: 35% HP. Tooth colour was measured with a spectrophotometer before bleaching and after sessions one and two on days 14 and 30, respectively. Colour changes were assessed with the CIEDE2000 and CIELab formulas. Mineral analysis was performed with a scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) device before and 14 days after application. The enamel surfaces of randomly selected samples from each group were analysed by SEM. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare differences between groups. All tested materials resulted in significantly increased bleaching compared to the initial colour values (p < 0.05). Group 3 showed significantly more whitening compared to the other groups after the first and second sessions (p < 0.05). However, Group 2 presented prolonged whitening efficiency and reached a bleaching level similar to the 35% HP treatment after 14 and 30 days. The results of the CIEDE2000 and CIELab formulas were found to be correlated (r > 0.6). The increases in Ca were similar in Groups 2 and 3 (p > 0.05) and were significantly higher than that in Group 1 (p < 0.05). p was similarly decreased among all groups (p > 0.05). The combination of 6% HP, chitosan and TiO2 appears to constitute a promising material for tooth whitening, showing good bleaching efficiency and acceptable mineral alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Uğur Aydın
- Gaziantep Universitesi Dis Hekimligi Fakultesi, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Prasad A, Du L, Zubair M, Subedi S, Ullah A, Roopesh MS. Applications of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in Food Processing and Water Treatment. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2020. [PMCID: PMC7223679 DOI: 10.1007/s12393-020-09221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Light-emitting diode (LED) technology is an emerging nonthermal food processing technique that utilizes light energy with wavelengths ranging from 200 to 780 nm. Inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water by LED treatment has been studied extensively. LED technology has also shown antimicrobial efficacy in food systems. This review provides an overview of recent studies of LED decontamination of water and food. LEDs produce an antibacterial effect by photodynamic inactivation due to photosensitization of light absorbing compounds in the presence of oxygen and DNA damage; however, such inactivation is dependent on the wavelength of light energy used. Commercial applications of LED treatment include air ventilation systems in office spaces, curing, medical applications, water treatment, and algaculture. As low penetration depth and high-intensity usage can challenge optimal LED treatment, optimization studies are required to select the right light wavelength for the application and to standardize measurements of light energy dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Prasad
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Lihui Du
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Samir Subedi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - M. S. Roopesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
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Dini C, Nagay BE, Cordeiro JM, da Cruz NC, Rangel EC, Ricomini-Filho AP, de Avila ED, Barão VAR. UV-photofunctionalization of a biomimetic coating for dental implants application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110657. [PMID: 32204085 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photofunctionalization mediated by ultraviolet (UV) rays changes the physico-chemical characteristics of titanium (Ti) and improves the biological activity of dental implants. However, the role of UV-mediated photofunctionalization of biofunctional Ti surfaces on the antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity remains unknown and was investigated in this study. Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) discs were divided into four groups: (1) machined samples without UV light application [cpTi UV-]; (2) plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treated samples without UV light application [PEO UV-]; (3) machined samples with UV light application [cpTi UV+]; and (4) PEO-treated samples with UV light application [PEO UV+]. The surfaces were characterized according to their morphology, roughness, crystalline phase, chemical composition and wettability. The photocatalytic activity and proteins adsorption were measured. For the microbiological assay, Streptococcus sanguinis was grown on the disc surfaces for 1 h and 6 h, and the colony forming units and bacterial organization were evaluated. In addition, to confirm the non-cytotoxic effect of PEO UV +, human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells were cultured in a monolayer onto each material surface and the cells viability and proliferation evaluated by a fluorescent cell staining method. PEO treatment increased the Ti surface roughness and wettability (p < 0.05). Photofunctionalization reduced the hydrocarbon concentration and enhanced human blood plasma proteins and albumin adsorption mainly for the PEO-treated surface (p < 0.05). PEO UV+ also maintained higher wettability values for a longer period and provided microbial reduction at 1 h of bacterial adhesion (p = 0.012 vs. PEO UV-). Photofunctionalization did not increase the photocatalytic activity of Ti (p > 0.05). Confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated that PEO UV+ had no cell damage effect on HGF cells growth even after 24 h of incubation. The photofunctionalization of a biofunctional PEO coating seems to be a promising alternative for dental implants as it increases blood plasma proteins adsorption, reduces initial bacterial adhesion and presents no cytotoxicity effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dini
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jairo M Cordeiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Nilson C da Cruz
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Antônio P Ricomini-Filho
- Department of Physiological Science, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Erica D de Avila
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
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Jalali E, Maghsoudi S, Noroozian E. A novel method for biosynthesis of different polymorphs of TiO 2 nanoparticles as a protector for Bacillus thuringiensis from Ultra Violet. Sci Rep 2020; 10:426. [PMID: 31949264 PMCID: PMC6965098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) were used for biosynthesis of amorphous TiO2 converted to distinct polymorphs (anatase, rutile, mix) under different temperature conditions. Characterizations of TiO2 nanoparticles were performed by using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Stability of five formulations under ultraviolet (UV) radiation with spore viability and mortality test on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller larvae were investigated. TiO2(mix) showed the highest viabilities of 79.76% after exposure to ultraviolet (UVA385 nm), while viabilities of non-protected spores under these conditions were 41.32%. The mortality of TiO2(mix), TiO2(anatase), TiO2(rutile), TiO2(amorphous) and free spore formulations on second-instar larvae of Ephestia kuehniella were 73.76%, 71.24%, 57.12%, 51.32%, and 50.32%, respectively on the 10th day of the experiment. The obtained results suggest that TiO2(amorphous) does not increase Bt resistance, but both phases of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized (anatase and rutile) through the Bacillus thuringiensis and phase mixture can increase the persistence of Bt to the UV light. Furthermore, the combination of both crystalline phases of TiO2(mix) has the highest performance in improving the Bt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jalali
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran
- Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahab Maghsoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Noroozian
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran
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Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Goldmann WH. Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 34138062 PMCID: PMC7770757 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical applications. TiO2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement, thermal conversion, specific surface area, and surface activity. This review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies, which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO2 nanostructures, while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for nanomedicine. The biodistribution, toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular adhesion, and endocytosis of these nanostructures, when exposed to biological microenvironments, are examined in regard to their geometry, size, and surface chemistry. The final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO2 nanostructures, specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue regeneration, as well as chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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Cao Y, Naseri M, He Y, Xu C, Walsh LJ, Ziora ZM. Non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents to combat biofilm-forming bacteria. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 21:445-451. [PMID: 31830536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms can be produced by multiple species or by a single strain of bacteria. The biofilm state enhances the resistance of the resident microorganisms to antimicrobial agents by producing extracellular polymeric substances. Typically, antibiotics are used to stop the growth of bacteria, but emerging resistance has limited their effectiveness. Bacteria in biofilms are less susceptible to antibiotics compared with their free-floating state, as biofilms impair antibiotic penetration. To obviate this challenge, non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents are needed. This review describes two classes of these agents, namely antimicrobial nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides. Applications of these antimicrobials in the food industry and medical applications are discussed, and the directions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Cao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mahdi Naseri
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Yan He
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, QLD 4006, Australia; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Laurence J Walsh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Zyta M Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia.
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40
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Naskar A, Kim KS. Black phosphorus nanomaterials as multi-potent and emerging platforms against bacterial infections. Microb Pathog 2019; 137:103800. [PMID: 31610220 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) has attracted research interest due to its excellent physiochemical properties in various biomedical applications. However, challenges remain of establishing BP as a practical nanomaterial platform against bacterial infections caused by hard-to-treat pathogens. This review highlights the novel approaches for functional properties and advantages of BP over currently available two-dimensional nanomaterials for antibacterial activity. The latest research findings regarding BP for antibacterial activity, potential as alternative antibacterial approach to current antibiotics, and its promise for the future platform are also considered. We believe that our discussions and perspectives on current topics will provide researchers with an up-to-date and handy reference to apply BP as a beneficial nanostructured biomaterial to the human health against various bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Naskar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
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Pingueiro J, Piattelli A, Paiva J, Figueiredo LCD, Feres M, Shibli J, Bueno-Silva B. Additive manufacturing of titanium alloy could modify the pathogenic microbial profile: an in vitro study. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e065. [PMID: 31576949 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging process for biomaterials and medical devices. Direct Laser Metal Sintering (DLMS) is an AM technique used to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V implant materials with enhanced surface-related properties compared with wrought samples; thus, this technique could influence microbial adsorption and colonization. Therefore, this in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the impact of different implant production processes on microbial adhesion of periodontal pathogens. Titanium discs produced using two different processes-conventional and AM-were divided into three groups: conventional titanium discs with machined surface (G1), AM titanium discs with chemical treatment (G2) and AM titanium discs without chemical treatment (G3). Subgingival biofilm composed of 32 species was formed on the titanium discs, and positioned vertically in 96-well plates, for 7 days. The proportions of microbial complexes and the microbial profiles were analyzed using a DNA-DNA hybridization technique, and data were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunnett tests (p < 0.05). Lower proportions of the red complex species were observed in the biofilm formed in G2 compared with that in G1 (p < 0.05). Moreover, the proportions of the microbial complexes were similar between G2 and G3 (p > 0.05). Compared with G1, G2 showed reduced levels of Porphyromonas gingvalis , Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Streptococcus intermedius , and increased levels of Parvimonas micra , Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Eikenella corrodens (p < 0.05). The microbial profile of G3 did not differ from G1 and G2 (p > 0.05). The results of this in vitro study showed that titanium discs produced via AM could alter the microbial profile of the biofilm formed around them. Further clinical studies should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pingueiro
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Paiva
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene Cristina de Figueiredo
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jamil Shibli
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Guarulhos University - UnG, Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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42
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Nagay BE, Dini C, Cordeiro JM, Ricomini-Filho AP, de Avila ED, Rangel EC, da Cruz NC, Barão VAR. Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activity of TiO 2 Codoped with Nitrogen and Bismuth: New Perspectives to Control Implant-Biofilm-Related Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18186-18202. [PMID: 31038914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated diseases are one of the main causes of implant failure. Currently, the development of implant surface treatment goes beyond the osseointegration process and focuses on the creation of surfaces with antimicrobial action and with the possibility to be re-activated (i.e., light source activation). Titanium dioxide (TiO2), an excellent photocatalyst used for photocatalytic antibacterial applications, could be a great alternative, but its efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet (UV) range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Since UV radiation has carcinogenic potential, we created a functional TiO2 coating codoped with nitrogen and bismuth via the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of titanium to achieve an antibacterial effect under visible light with re-activation potential. A complex surface topography was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy. Additionally, PEO-treated surfaces showed greater hydrophilicity and albumin adsorption compared to control, untreated titanium. Bismuth incorporation shifted the band gap of TiO2 to the visible region and facilitated higher degradation of methyl orange (MO) in the dark, with a greater reduction in the concentration of MO after visible-light irradiation even after 72 h of aging. These results were consistent with the in vitro antibacterial effect, where samples with nitrogen and bismuth in their composition showed the greatest bacterial reduction after 24 h of dual-species biofilm formation ( Streptococcus sanguinis and Actinomyces naeslundii) in darkness with a superior effect at 30 min of visible-light irradiation. In addition, such a coating presents reusable photocatalytic potential and good biocompatibility by presenting a noncytotoxicity effect on human gingival fibroblast cells. Therefore, nitrogen and bismuth incorporation into TiO2 via PEO can be considered a promising alternative for dental implant application with antibacterial properties in darkness, with a stronger effect after visible-light application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erica D de Avila
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , R. Humaitá, 1680 , Araraquara , São Paulo 14801-903 , Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Technology , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Av. Três de Março, 511 , Sorocaba , São Paulo 18087-180 , Brazil
| | - Nilson C da Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Technology , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Av. Três de Março, 511 , Sorocaba , São Paulo 18087-180 , Brazil
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Pantaroto HN, Amorim KP, Matozinho Cordeiro J, Souza JGS, Ricomini-Filho AP, Rangel EC, Ribeiro ALR, Vaz LG, Barão VAR. Proteome analysis of the salivary pellicle formed on titanium alloys containing niobium and zirconium. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:173-186. [PMID: 30935231 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1580360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of biomaterials can drive their biological responses; therefore, this in vitro study aimed to evaluate the proteomic profile of the salivary pellicle formed on titanium (Ti) alloys containing niobium (Nb) and zirconium (Zr). The experimental groups consisted of Ti35NbxZr (x = 5 and 10 wt%) alloys, and commercially pure titanium (cpTi); titanium aluminium vanadium (Ti6Al4V) alloys were used as controls. The physical and chemical characteristics of the Ti materials were analysed. The proteomic profile was evaluated by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Bacterial adhesion (2 h) of mixed species (Streptococcus sanguinis and Actinomyces naeslundii) was investigated as colony-forming units (n = 6). This paper reports the finding that salivary pellicle composition can be modulated by the composition of the Ti material. The Ti35NbxZr group showed a significant ability to adsorb proteins from saliva, which can favour interactions with cells and compatibility with the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Navarro Pantaroto
- a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Karina Pintaudi Amorim
- a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro
- a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - João Gabriel S Souza
- a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho
- b Department of Physiological Science , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- c Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Engineering College , University Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Sorocaba , São Paulo , Brazil
- d Faculdade de Ciências do Tocantins (FACIT) , Araguaína , Tocantins , Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia R Ribeiro
- e Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Econômicas e da Saúde de Araguaína/Instituto Tocantinense Presidente Antônio Carlos (FAHESA/ITPAC) , Araguaína , Tocantins , Brazil
| | - Luís Geraldo Vaz
- f Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara Dental School , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- a Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
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Li Y, Tian J, Yang C, Hsiao BS. Nanocomposite Film Containing Fibrous Cellulose Scaffold and Ag/TiO₂ Nanoparticles and Its Antibacterial Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1052. [PMID: 30960977 PMCID: PMC6404018 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is a natural polymer that is widely used in daily life, but it is susceptible to microorganism growth. In this study, a simple sol⁻gel technique was utilized to incorporate the cellulose scaffold with Ag/TiO₂ nanoparticles. The morphology and crystal structure of the as-prepared Ag/TiO₂/cellulose composite film were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Antibacterial tests involving the use of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were carried out under dark and UV-light conditions to evaluate the efficiency of the Ag/TiO₂/cellulose composite film in comparison with pristine cellulose paper and TiO₂/cellulose composite film. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of the Ag/TiO₂/cellulose composite film outperformed all other samples, where the Ag content of 0.030 wt% could inhibit more than 99% of E. coli. This study suggests that finely dispersed nanocale Ag/TiO₂ particles in the cellulose scaffold were effective at slowing down bacterial growth, and the mechanisms of this are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Jessica Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Chuanfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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45
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He H, Gao P, Qiao Z, Qu X, Liu C. [Study on antibacterial properties of titanium metallic surface due to synergistic action of micro/nano-structure and antimicrobial peptides]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:1116-1122. [PMID: 30129339 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201805022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of micro/nano-structure and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on antibacterial properties for titanium (Ti) metal surface. Methods Ti disks were treated via sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) and alkali-heat treatment (AHT) to build the micor/nano-structure, on which AMPs were spin-coated with a certain amount (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 μg). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to observe the surface structure and characterize the surface elements (i.e. contents of C, N, O, and Ti). Ti disks loaded with AMPs of difference amounts were co-cultured with Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) for 24 hours. After that, the formation and dimension of antibacterial circle were measured. Furthermore, the Ti disks treated with different approaches (untreated, SLA treatment, SLA+THA treatment, and loaded with 90 μg AMPs) were co-cultured with S. aureus and Escherichia coli ( E.coli) for 3 hours, bacterial adhesion on the disks were evaluated by using SEM. The antibacterial performances in solution were quantitatively evaluated by immersing the Ti disks in bacterial solutions and measuring the absorbance ( A) values. Results It was found that the nanoporous structure could be easily constructed by SLA+AHT approach. After spin-coating AMPs, the nanopores with the diameter less than 200 nm were almost covered. According to the element analysis, with the increase of AMPs, the C content gradually increased; the N content was not detected until AMPs amount reached 70 μg on the disks. The diameter of antibacterial circle clearly depended on the AMPs amount. The Ti disks loaded with 90 μg AMPs had significantly larger antibacterial circles than the other Ti disks ( P<0.05). Based on the SEM observation, the Ti disks loaded with 90 μg AMPs has the least bacterial attachment compared with the other Ti disks ( P<0.05). The A value of bacterial solution immersed with the Ti disks loaded with 90 μg AMPs was much lower than the other Ti disks ( P<0.05). Conclusion The approach of micro/nano-structure and AMPs can improve the antibacterial properties of Ti metal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan He
- Medical Biomaterials Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China
| | - Pengyang Gao
- Medical Biomaterials Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China
| | - Zhongqian Qiao
- Medical Biomaterials Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China
| | - Xue Qu
- Medical Biomaterials Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Medical Biomaterials Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237,
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