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Mahmoudi Meimand N, Tsoi JKH, Burrow MF, He J, Cho K. A comparative study on the mechanical and antibacterial properties of BPA-free dental resin composites. Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00184-2. [PMID: 38926013 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The commonly used base monomer utilized in resinous commercial dental restorative products is bis-GMA which is derived from bisphenol-A (BPA) - a well-known compound which may disrupt endocrine functions. To address concerns about its leaching into the oral environment and to optimize the quality of dental composites, a BPA-free alternative base monomer, fluorinated urethane dimethacrylate (FUDMA), was designed by modifying a UDMA monomer system. METHODS Nine groups of composites were prepared by mixing the base monomers and TEGDMA in a ratio of 70/30 wt% to which were added silanized glass particles (mean diameter: 0.7 µm) in 3 different volume fractions (40, 45, and 50 vol%). Bis-GMA and UDMA base monomers were used as control groups in the same ratios. Various properties including degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM), water sorption (WS), solubility (SL), surface hardness and roughness, and initial adhesion property against S.mutans were investigated. One-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni test at α = 0.05 was used to analyze the results. RESULTS A significant difference in FS between FUDMA-based composite with 40 vol% filler (120.3 ± 10.4 MPa) and Bis-GMA-based composite with the same filler fraction (105.8 ± 10.0 MPa) was observed but there was no significant difference among other groups. The UDMA based group exhibited the highest WS (1.3 ± 0.3 %). Bis-GMA showed greater initial bacterial adhesion but was not statistically different from the other groups (p = 0.082). SIGNIFICANCE FUDMA-based resin composites exhibit comparable mechanical and bacterial adhesion properties compared with Bis-GMA and UDMA-based composites. The FUDMA composites show positive outcomes indicating they could be used as substitute composites to Bis-GMA-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mahmoudi Meimand
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - James Kit Hon Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingwei He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, PR China
| | - Kiho Cho
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Saini RS, Binduhayyim RIH, Gurumurthy V, Alshadidi AAF, Aldosari LIN, Okshah A, Kuruniyan MS, Dermawan D, Avetisyan A, Mosaddad SA, Heboyan A. Dental biomaterials redefined: molecular docking and dynamics-driven dental resin composite optimization. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:557. [PMID: 38735940 PMCID: PMC11089745 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental resin-based composites are widely recognized for their aesthetic appeal and adhesive properties, which make them integral to modern restorative dentistry. Despite their advantages, adhesion and biomechanical performance challenges persist, necessitating innovative strategies for improvement. This study addressed the challenges associated with adhesion and biomechanical properties in dental resin-based composites by employing molecular docking and dynamics simulation. METHODS Molecular docking assesses the binding energies and provides valuable insights into the interactions between monomers, fillers, and coupling agents. This investigation prioritizes SiO2 and TRIS, considering their consistent influence. Molecular dynamics simulations, executed with the Forcite module and COMPASS II force field, extend the analysis to the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. The simulations encompassed energy minimization, controlled NVT and NPT ensemble simulations, and equilibration stages. Notably, the molecular dynamics simulations spanned a duration of 50 ns. RESULTS SiO2 and TRIS consistently emerged as influential components, showcasing their versatility in promoting solid interactions. A correlation matrix underscores the significant roles of van der Waals and desolvation energies in determining the overall binding energy. Molecular dynamics simulations provide in-depth insights into the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. HEMA-SiO2-TRIS excelled in stiffness, BisGMA-SiO2-TRIS prevailed in terms of flexural strength, and EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS offered a balanced combination of mechanical properties. CONCLUSION These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing dental composites tailored to diverse clinical requirements. While EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS demonstrates distinct strengths, this study emphasizes the need for further research. Future investigations should validate the computational findings experimentally and assess the material's response to dynamic environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder S Saini
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Abdulmajeed Okshah
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Doni Dermawan
- Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Avetisyan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Qasr-E-Dasht Street, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Karegar St, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen S, Zhu J, Yu M, Jin C, Huang C. Effect of aging and bleaching on the color stability and surface roughness of a recently introduced single-shade composite resin. J Dent 2024; 143:104917. [PMID: 38431188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of aging and bleaching procedures on the color stability and surface roughness of a new single-shade composite versus multi-shade composite resins. METHODS A single-shade composite resin (Charisma Diamond One, CDO) and 3 multi-shade composite resins (Tetric NCeram, Filtek Z350 XT, Clearfil Majesty Posterior) were tested. Thirty specimens of each material were subjected to one of the aging procedures respectively: immersion in distilled water (12 days/37 °C), immersion in coffee (12 days/37 °C), or water thermocycling (10,000 cycles/5-55 °C). All specimens underwent in-office bleaching after aging. Kruskal-Wallis tests and analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis (α=0.05). RESULTS All materials exhibited a change of color (ΔE00), translucency (RTP), whiteness (WID) and surface roughness parameters (Sa,Sv) after aging and bleaching procedures. CDO showed the highest ΔE00 among all resins with the highest RTP value, regardless of the aging procedures. Immersion in coffee led to the significantly highest ∆E00 values and lowest RTP values for nearly all resins. Positive ΔWID1 (WID(bleaching)-WID(baseline)) values were found in distilled water immersion and thermocycling groups, while negative ΔWID1 values were found in the coffee immersion group for all materials. Besides, positive ΔWID2 (WID(bleaching)-WID(aging)) values were found in all aging groups for nearly all materials. All materials showed an increasing trend in Sa and Sv after bleaching. CONCLUSIONS CDO showed more pronounced discoloration than multi-shade composite resins. Although the whiteness of all resins increased after bleaching, none was completely restored in the coffee immersion group. Bleaching significantly increased the surface roughness of all materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Charisma Diamond One is more susceptible to discoloration, which may affect its long-term success rate. Bleaching could partially reduce the color change of the composite resins but did not return them completely to their original state. The roughness of the resins increased after bleaching, prompting dentists to repolish them after bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Jiakang Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Miaoyang Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China.
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Zhou Z, Li A, Sun K, Guo D, Li T, Lu J, Tonin BSH, Ye Z, Watts DC, Wang T, Fu J. Synthesis of a novel monomer "DDTU-IDI" for the development of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. Dent Mater 2024; 40:608-618. [PMID: 38369405 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current dental resin composites often suffer from polymerization shrinkage, which can lead to microleakage and potentially result in recurring tooth decay. This study presents the synthesis of a novel monomer, (3,9-diethyl-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro[5,5]undecane-3,9-diyl)bis(methylene) bis((2-(3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)carbamate) (DDTU-IDI), and evaluates its effect in the formulation of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. METHODS DDTU-IDI was synthesized through a two-step reaction route, with the initial synthesis of the required raw material monomer 3,9-diethyl-3,9-dihydroxymethyl-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro-[5,5] undecane (DDTU). The structures were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) spectroscopy. Subsequently, DDTU-IDI was incorporated into Bis-GMA-based composites at varying weight percentages (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The polymerization reaction, degree of conversion, polymerization shrinkage, mechanical properties, physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the low-shrinkage composites were thoroughly evaluated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were assessed after a thermal cycling test with 10,000 cycles to determine the stability. RESULTS The addition of DDTU-IDI at 10, 15, and 20 wt% significantly reduced the polymerization volumetric shrinkage of the experimental resin composites, without compromising the degree of conversion, mechanical and physicochemical properties. Remarkably, at a monomer content of 20 wt%, the polymerization shrinkage was reduced to 1.83 ± 0.53%. Composites containing 10, 15, and 20 wt% DDTU-IDI exhibited lower water sorption and higher contact angle. Following thermal cycling, the composites exhibited no significant decrease in mechanical properties, except for the flexural properties. SIGNIFICANCE DDTU-IDI has favorable potential as a component which could produce volume expansion and increase rigidity in the development of low-shrinkage dental resin composites. The development of low-shrinkage composites containing DDTU-IDI appears to be a promising strategy for reducing polymerization shrinkage, thereby potentially enhancing the longevity of dental restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Aihua Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040904, SP, Brazil
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - David C Watts
- University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Yu Y, Guo X, Chen J, Zhao Y, Song J, Alshawwa H, Zou X, Zhao H, Zhang Z. Biodegradation of Urethane Dimethacrylate-based materials (CAD/CAM resin-ceramic composites) and its effect on the adhesion and proliferation of Streptococcus mutans. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106280. [PMID: 38043260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) -based dental restorative materials biodegrade in the presence of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and whether the monomers affect the adhesion and proliferation of S. mutans in turn. METHODS Cholesterol esterase and pseudocholinesterase-like activities in S. mutans were detected using p-nitrophenyl substrate. Two UDMA-based CAD/CAM resin-ceramic composites, Lava Ultimate (LU) and Vita Enamic (VE), and a light-cured UDMA resin block were co-cultured with S. mutans for 14 days. Their surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy, and the byproducts of biodegradation were examined by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Then, the antimicrobial components (silver nanoparticles with quaternary ammonium salts) were added to the UDMA resin block to detect whether the biodegradation was restrained. Finally, the effect of UDMA on biofilm formation and virulence expression of S. mutans was assessed. RESULTS Following a 14-day immersion, the LU and UDMA resin blocks' surface roughness increased. The LU and VE groups had no UDMA or its byproducts discovered, according to the UPLC-MS/MS data, whereas the light-cured UDMA block group had UDMA, urethane methacrylate (UMA), and urethane detected. The addition of antimicrobial agents showed a significant reduction in the release of UDMA. Biofilm staining experiments showed that UDMA promoted the growth of S. mutans biofilm and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that 50 μg/mL UDMA significantly increase the expression of gtfB, comC, comD, comE, and gbpB genes within the biofilm. CONCLUSIONS UDMA in the light-cured resin can be biodegraded to produce UMA and urethane under the influence of S. mutans. The formation of early biofilm can be promoted and the expression of cariogenic genes can be up-regulated by UDMA. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study focuses for the first time on whether UDMA-based materials can undergo biodegradation and verifies from a genetic perspective that UDMA can promote the formation of S. mutans biofilms, providing a reference for the rational use of UDMA-based materials in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Xinwei Guo
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Yuanhang Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Jiazhuo Song
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Hamed Alshawwa
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Xinying Zou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Mederos M, de León E, García A, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Hernández-Cabanillas JC, Rivera-Gonzaga JA, Grazioli G. In vitro characterization of a novel resin-based restorative material containing alkaline fillers. J Appl Oral Sci 2024; 32:e20230219. [PMID: 38232277 PMCID: PMC10984576 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, a comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Cention N and other direct restorative materials was performed. Three restorative materials-a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), an alkasite-based resinous material (Cention N), and a resin composite (Tetric N Ceram)-were characterized in terms of degree of conversion, Knoop hardness number (KHN) ratio, flexural strength, elastic modulus, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, immediate microleakage, and radiopacity. METHODOLOGY The microshear bond strength to dentin and microleakage of Cention N were evaluated with and without the application of an adhesive system (Tetric N Bond Universal). A one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data in terms of degree of conversion, KHN ratio, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, and radiopacity. A two-way ANOVA test (carried out considering the material type and ethanol aging as factors) was used to analyze the data in terms of flexural strength and elastic modulus. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to statistically analyze the data on microleakage. A significance level of α=0.05 was used for all tests. RESULTS Fuji II LC was found to have the highest degree of conversion, water sorption, and microleakage, as well as the lowest flexural strength. Cention N had the highest solubility; when used with an adhesive system, it achieved bond strength and microleakage similar to those of the Tetric N Ceram composite. Tetric N Ceram had the highest degree of conversion, KHN ratio, and radiopacity. Conclusion: The properties of Cention N validate its efficacy as an alternative direct restorative material when used in conjunction with an adhesive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Mederos
- Universidad de la RepúbicaFacultad de OdontologíaDepartamento de Odontología Preventiva y RestauradoraMontevideoUruguayUniversidad de la Repúbica, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontología Preventiva y Restauradora, Area de Materiales Dentales, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Elisa de León
- Universidad de la RepúbicaFacultad de OdontologíaDepartamento de Odontología Preventiva y RestauradoraMontevideoUruguayUniversidad de la Repúbica, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontología Preventiva y Restauradora, Area de Materiales Dentales, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés García
- Universidad de la RepúbicaFacultad de OdontologíaDepartamento de Odontología Preventiva y RestauradoraMontevideoUruguayUniversidad de la Repúbica, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontología Preventiva y Restauradora, Area de Materiales Dentales, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoÁrea académica de Odontología, Laboratorio de Materiales DentalesPachucaMéxicoUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área académica de Odontología, Laboratorio de Materiales Dentales, Pachuca, México.
| | - Juan Carlos Hernández-Cabanillas
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludTijuanaMéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd Universitario, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Tijuana, México.
| | - José Alejandro Rivera-Gonzaga
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoÁrea académica de Odontología, Laboratorio de Materiales DentalesPachucaMéxicoUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área académica de Odontología, Laboratorio de Materiales Dentales, Pachuca, México.
| | - Guillermo Grazioli
- Universidad de la RepúbicaFacultad de OdontologíaDepartamento de Odontología Preventiva y RestauradoraMontevideoUruguayUniversidad de la Repúbica, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontología Preventiva y Restauradora, Area de Materiales Dentales, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Costa MP, Jacomine JC, Mosquim V, Santin DC, Zabeu GS, Agulhari MAS, Mondelli RFL, Honório HM, Wang L. Analysis of color stability and degree of conversion of different types of resin composites. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e003. [PMID: 38198303 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Resin composites containing surface pre-reacted glass (S-PRG) have been introduced to reduce demineralization and improve remineralization of the tooth structure. However, water diffusion within the material is necessary for its action, which can impair its overall physicomechanical properties over time, including color stability. This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and related degree of conversion (DC) of four resin composites. Discs (6 x 4 mm, n = 5/group) of microhybrid (MH), nanofilled (NF), nanohybrid (NH), and S-PRG-based nanohybrid (S-PRG-NH) composites with two opacities (A2/A2E and A2O/A2D) were prepared. Color (CIELab and CIEDE2000) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer after aging in grape juice (2 x 10 min/10mL/7days). The DC was analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy before and after light-curing. Data were statistically analyzed by using two-way analysis of variance and post-hoc least significant difference tests (p<0.05). In the color stability analysis, the interaction between filler type and opacity was significant (CIELab, p = 0.0015; CIEDE2000, p = 0.0026). NH presented the highest color stability, which did not differ from that of MH. The greatest color alteration was observed for S-PRG-NH. S-PRG fillers also influenced DC (p < 0.05). The nanohybrid resin composite presented favorable overall performance, which is likely related to its more stable organic content. Notwithstanding the benefits of using S-PRG-based nanohybrid resins, mostly in aesthetic procedures, professionals should consider the susceptibility of such resins to color alteration, probably due to the water-based bioactive mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylena Proença Costa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Carvalho Jacomine
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Mosquim
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniella Cristo Santin
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Speranza Zabeu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Silvério Agulhari
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Francisco Lia Mondelli
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Marques Honório
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Linda Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Azlisham NAF, Johari Y, Mohamad D, Yhaya MF, Mahmood Z. Degree of conversion and physicomechanical properties of newly developed flowable composite derived from rice husk using urethane dimethacrylate monomer. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2023; 237:1339-1347. [PMID: 38014749 DOI: 10.1177/09544119231208222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the use of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) as a base monomer to prepare the newly developed flowable composite (FC) using nanohybrid silica derived from rice husk in comparison to bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) on the degree of conversion and physicomechanical properties. The different loadings of base monomer to diluent monomer were used at the ratio of 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40. The bonding analysis confirmed the presence of nanohybrid silica in the newly developed FC. Independent t-test revealed a statistically significant increase in the degree of conversion, depth of cure and Vickers hardness of the UDMA-based FC, while surface roughness showed comparable results between the two base monomers. In conclusion, UDMA-based FC demonstrated superior performance with 60%-65% conversions, a significantly higher depth of cure exceeding 1 mm which complies with the Internal Standard of Organization 4049 (ISO 4049), and a substantial increase in Vickers hardness numbers compared to Bis-GMA-based FC, making UDMA a suitable alternative to Bis-GMA as a base monomer in the formulation of this newly developed FC derived from rice husk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Ain Fatihah Azlisham
- Unit of Biomaterials, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yanti Johari
- Unit of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dasmawati Mohamad
- Unit of Biomaterials, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Firdaus Yhaya
- Unit of Biomaterials, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zuliani Mahmood
- Unit of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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9
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Al-Odayni AB, Al-Kahtani HM, Sharaf Saeed W, Al-Kahtani A, Aouak T, Khan R, De Vera MAT, Alrahlah A. Physical-Chemical and Microhardness Properties of Model Dental Composites Containing 1,2-Bismethacrylate-3-eugenyl Propane Monomer. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:511. [PMID: 37999152 PMCID: PMC10669855 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A new eugenyl dimethacrylated monomer (symbolled BisMEP) has recently been synthesized. It showed promising viscosity and polymerizability as resin for dental composite. As a new monomer, BisMEP must be assessed further; thus, various physical, chemical, and mechanical properties have to be investigated. In this work, the aim was to investigate the potential use of BisMEP in place of the BisGMA matrix of resin-based composites (RBCs), totally or partially. Therefore, a list of model composites (CEa0, CEa25, CEa50, and CEa100) were prepared, which made up of 66 wt% synthesized silica fillers and 34 wt% organic matrices (BisGMA and TEGDMA; 1:1 wt/wt), while the novel BisMEP monomer has replaced the BisGMA content as 0.0, 25, 50, and 100 wt%, respectively. The RBCs were analyzed for their degree of conversion (DC)-based depth of cure at 1 and 2 mm thickness (DC1 and DC2), Vickers hardness (HV), water uptake (WSP), and water solubility (WSL) properties. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS v21, and the significance level was taken as p < 0.05. The results revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the DC at 1 and 2 mm depth for the same composite. No significant differences in the DC between CEa0, CEa25, and CEa50; however, the difference becomes substantial (p < 0.05) with CEa100, suggesting possible incorporation of BisMEP at low dosage. Furthermore, DC1 for CEa0-CEa50 and DC2 for CEa0-CEa25 were found to be above the proposed minimum limit DC of 55%. Statistical analysis of the HV data showed no significant difference between CEa0, CEa25, and CEa50, while the difference became statistically significant after totally replacing BisGMA with BisMEP (CEa100). Notably, no significant differences in the WSP of various composites were detected. Likewise, WSL tests revealed no significant differences between such composites. These results suggest the possible usage of BisMEP in a mixture with BisGMA with no significant adverse effect on the DC, HV, WSP, and degradation (WSL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Kahtani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taieb Aouak
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Alrahlah
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Chisnoiu RM, Muntean A, Păstrav O, Chisnoiu AM, Cuc S, Silaghi Dumitrescu L, Păstrav M, Prodan D, Delean AG. Polymer Mixtures for Experimental Self-Limited Dental Burs Development-A Preliminary Approach (Part 1). J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:447. [PMID: 37754861 PMCID: PMC10532411 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative techniques have been investigated for effectiveness in caries removal because conventional metallic dental burs can lead to an excessive loss of sound tissue. The aim of the present study is to realize a preliminary approach in obtaining effective polymer mixtures for polymeric bur development, capable of removing primary dental caries using combinations of polymers to ensure the requirements for such instruments, but also a greater compatibility with the teeth structure. This study assessed the main mechanical properties, water sorption, solubility and microscopic structure of four new polymer mixture recipes to provide essential features in obtaining experimental self-limited dental burs. Two mixtures have in their composition polymer mixtures of Bis-phenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate/Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate/Urethane dimethacrylates (R1, R2), and two other mixtures have Bis-phenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate/Polymethyl methacrylate/Methyl methacrylates (R3, R4). The incorporation of nanoparticles into the polymer matrix has become essential due to the need of polymer biocompatibility increasing along with teeth surface remineralization, so that the powder charge was added to four recipes, such as 5% glass with BaF2 and 0.5% graphene with silver particles. All data sets were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test. R3, R4 showed higher compressive strength and diametrical compression values; these values increased when glass and graphene were added. Moreover, the addition of glass particles lead to an increase in flexural strength. Regarding the sorption, sample R3 had the most significant differences between day 69 and the rest of the investigation days, while the solubility varied at different intervals. From the mechanical evaluation, we could conclude that the Bis-GMA/PMMA/MMA mixtures fit the mechanical characteristics supported by polymer burs, following future studies regarding their use on the affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Marcel Chisnoiu
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Alexandrina Muntean
- Department of Pedodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 Avram Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Păstrav
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Andrea Maria Chisnoiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stanca Cuc
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Laura Silaghi Dumitrescu
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Mihaela Păstrav
- Department of Orthodontics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 Avram Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Doina Prodan
- “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.D.); (D.P.)
| | - Ada Gabriela Delean
- Department of Odontology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 33 Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.C.); (O.P.); (A.G.D.)
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11
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Wang Y, Wu Z, Wang T, Tang W, Li T, Xu H, Sun H, Lin Y, Tonin BSH, Ye Z, Fu J. Bioactive Dental Resin Composites with MgO Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4632-4645. [PMID: 37486960 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivating dental resin composites have been the most prevailing material for repairing dental defects in various clinical scenarios due to their multiple advantages. However, compared to other restorative materials, the surface of resin-based composites is more susceptible to plaque biofilm accumulation, which can lead to secondary caries and restoration failure. This study introduced different weight fractions (1, 2, 5, 10, and 15%) of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) as antibacterial fillers into dental resin composites. Multifarious properties of the material were investigated, including antibacterial activity against a human salivary plaque-derived biofilm, cytotoxicity on human gingival fibroblasts, mechanical and physicochemical properties as well as the performance when subjected to thermocycling aging treatment. Results showed that the incorporation of MgONPs significantly improved the composites' anti-biofilm capability even at a low amount of 2 wt % without compromising the mechanical, physicochemical, and biocompatibility performances. The results of the thermocycling test suggested certain of aging resistance. Moreover, a small amount of MgONPs possibly made a difference in enhancing photoactivated polymerization and increasing the curing depth of experimental resin composites. Overall, this study highlights the potential of MgONPs as an effective strategy for developing antibacterial resin composites, which may help mitigating cariogenic biofilm-associated secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Weilong Tang
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Haiping Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040904, SP, Brazil
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
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da Silva MVM, Batista JMN, Fraga MAA, Correr AB, de Campos EA, Geraldeli S, Sinhoreti MAC. Surface Analysis of a Universal Resin Composite and Effect of Preheating on its Physicochemical Properties. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:115-126. [PMID: 37909634 PMCID: PMC10642265 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at analyzing the surface properties of a universal resin composite and evaluating the effect of preheating on its physicochemical properties. Two commercial resin composites were used under two conditions: Filtek Universal Restorative (UR); UR preheated (URH); Filtek Supreme (FS) and FS preheated (FSH). The film thickness (FT) test (n = 10) was done using two glass slabs under compression. Flexural strength (FLS) and modulus (FLM) were evaluated using a three-point flexion test (n = 10). Polymerization shrinkage stress (PSS) was evaluated in a universal testing machine (n = 5). Gap width (GW) between composite and mold was measured in internally polished metallic molds (n = 10). The degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (n = 3). The morphology of the filler particles was checked by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDX analysis. Surface gloss (SG) and surface roughness (SR) were evaluated before and after mechanical brushing (n = 10). The outcomes were submitted to 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Lower mean values of FT were observed for the preheated groups when compared to the non-preheated groups. URH and FSH showed higher mean values of FLS and FLM when compared with UR and FS. No differences were observed between groups in the PSS test. The GW was higher for the UR and FS groups when compared with URH and FSH. The DC was higher for preheated resin composites when compared to the non-preheated groups. The SR of the UR composite was higher than the FS after mechanical brushing, while the SG was higher for the FS groups. In conclusion, the universal resin composite tested generally presented similar physicochemical properties compared with the nanofilled resin composite and either similar or slightly inferior surface properties. The preheating improved or maintained all properties evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinícyus Manoel da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Nascimento Batista
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - May Anny Alves Fraga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Alves de Campos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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13
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Sinhoreti MAC, Tomaselli LDO, Rocha MG, Oliveira D, Roulet JF, Geraldeli S. Effect of elastomeric urethane monomer on physicochemical properties and shrinkage stress of resin composites. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:135-142. [PMID: 37909636 PMCID: PMC10642279 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an elastomeric urethane monomer (Exothane-24) in different concentrations on physicochemical properties, gap formation, and polymerization shrinkage stress of experimental resin composites. All experimental composites were prepared with 50 wt.% of Bis-GMA and 50 wt.% of TEGDMA, to which 0 wt.% (control), 10 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 30 wt.%, and 40 wt.% of Exothane-24 were added. Filler particles (65 wt.%) were then added to these resin matrixes. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS: n = 10), flexural strength (FS: n = 10), flexural modulus (FM: n = 10), hardness (H: n = 10), hardness reduction (HR: n = 10), degree of conversion (DC: n = 5), gap width (GW: n = 10), and polymerization shrinkage stress in Class I (SS-I: n = 10) and Class II (SS-II: n = 10) simulated configuration. All test data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05; = 0.2). Exothane-24 in all concentrations decreased the H, HR, DC, GW, SS-I, and SS-II (p < 0.05) without affecting the UTS, and FS (p > 0.05). Reduction in FM was observed only in the Exothane 40% and 30% groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). Exothane-24 at concentrations 20% and 30% seems suitable since it reduced GW and polymerization SS without affecting the properties of the composite resins tested, except for H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division,
Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Tomaselli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division,
Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Garcia Rocha
- Restorative Dental Science Department, Operative Dentistry
Division, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dayane Oliveira
- Restorative Dental Science Department, Operative Dentistry
Division, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jean-François Roulet
- Restorative Dental Science Department, Operative Dentistry
Division, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East
Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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14
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Nascimento Batista JM, Sinhoreti MAC, Alves Fraga MA, Manoel da Silva MV, Correr AB, Roulet JF, Geraldeli S. Effect of preheating on mechanical properties of a resin-based composite containing elastomeric urethane monomer. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105758. [PMID: 36934689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of preheating an elastomeric urethane monomer (Exothane-24) experimental resin composite on its physicochemical properties. Two resin matrices were formulated: (a) 50 wt% Bisphenol-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) and 50 wt% triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); and (b) 20 wt% Exothane-24, 40 wt% Bis-GMA and 40 wt% TEGDMA. A photoinitiator system (0.25 wt% camphorquinone and 0.50 wt% ethyl-4-dimethylamino benzoate) and 65 wt% of the inorganic filler (20 wt% 0.05 μm silica and 80 wt% 0.7 μm BaBSiO2 glass) were added to both matrices. These formulations were then assigned to four groups: Exothane-24 (E); Exothane-24 plus preheating (EH); no Exothane-24 (NE); and no Exothane-24 plus preheating (NEH). NEH and EH were preheated at 69 °C. The dependent variables were as follows: film thickness (FT); polymerization shrinkage stress (PSS); gap width (GW); maximum rate of polymerization (Rpmax); and degree of conversion (DC). Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Preheating reduced FT for both composites. PSS and GW were significantly lower for EH, when compared with E. The DC for EH and NEH and the Rpmax for EH increased significantly. Preheating improved most of the physicochemical properties (FT, PSS, GW, and DC) of the experimental resin composite containing Exothane-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcos Nascimento Batista
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - May Anny Alves Fraga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Manoel da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean-François Roulet
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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15
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Altınışık H, Özyurt E. Instrumental and visual evaluation of the color adjustment potential of different single-shade resin composites to human teeth of various shades. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:889-896. [PMID: 36222960 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to evaluate the color adjustment potential (CAP-I, CAP-V) of different single-shade resin composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS The shades of 40 human incisors were determined using a spectrophotometer, with the teeth divided into four groups of the same shade (n = 10). The following single-shade resin composites were tested: Omnichroma, Charisma Diamond One, Vittra Unique, and Essentia Universal. The specimens were prepared as "dual" and "single." Standardized cavity preparations (diameter, 7 mm; depth, 2 mm) were prepared in human incisor teeth and then restored for dual specimens. Composite duplicates of human incisors were prepared with resin composites for single specimens (n = 10). The color match of these specimens to that of unrestored human incisors was compared, and the color difference (ΔE*) was calculated. Independent observers conducted a visual evaluation of the specimens and scored them. CAP-I and CAP-V values were determined. A one-way analysis of variance test was used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the CAP-V and CAP-I values of the tested single-shade resin composites (p > 0.05). All the materials tested had acceptable color-matching potential. CONCLUSIONS In terms of color matching, there were no significant differences between the different tooth shades of all the tested resin composites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Single-shade resin composites have acceptable CAP. The use of single-shade resin composites can reduce in-chair clinical times by minimizing the time spent on shade selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Altınışık
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Özyurt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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He J, Lassila L, Garoushi S, Vallittu P. Tailoring the monomers to overcome the shortcomings of current dental resin composites - review. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2191621. [PMID: 37090482 PMCID: PMC10120559 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2191621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental resin composites (DRCs) have become the first choice among different restorative materials for direct anterior and posterior restorations in the clinic. Though the properties of DRCs have been improved greatly in recent years, they still have several shortcomings, such as volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress, biofilm development, lack of radio-opacity for some specific DRCs, and estrogenicity, which need to be overcome. The resin matrix, composed of different monomers, constitutes the continuous phase and determine the performance of DRCs. Thus, the chemical structure of the monomers plays an important role in modifying the properties of DRCs. Numerous researchers have taken to design and develop novel monomers with specific functions for the purpose of fulfilling the needs in dentistry. In this review, the development of monomers in DRCs were highlighted, especially focusing on strategies aimed at reducing volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress, endowing bacteriocidal and antibacterial adhesion activities as well as protein-repelling activity, increasing radio-opacity, and replacing Bis-GMA. The influences of these novel monomers on the properties of DRCs were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- CONTACT Jingwei He College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Wellbeing Services County of South-West Finland, Turku, Finland
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17
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Faria-e-Silva A, Heckel L, Belli R, Lohbauer U. Determination of Water Content in Direct Resin Composites Using Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8524. [PMID: 36500020 PMCID: PMC9739209 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the water content and sorption of direct composites over 60 days using coulometric Karl Fischer titration (KFT). Plate-shaped specimens (10 × 10 × 1 mm3 of thickness) were built up using the composites Clearfil Majesty Posterior (CM), Grandio SO (GS), and Filtek Supreme XT (FS). Water contents were determined in non-stored specimens (control) or after storage in distilled water for up to 60 days (n = 5). The amount of water transferred from the specimens heated at 200 °C (isothermal mode) was measured in the Coulometer. The water content of non-stored specimens ranged from 0.28 to 1.69 wt% (5.6 to 31.2 μg/mm3) for GS and FS, respectively. The highest values of water sorption were observed for FS (25.3 μg/mm3 after 60 days). GS and CM showed similar water sorption after 60 days (≈9 μg/mm3), but an ultimate higher water content was observed for CM (0.9 wt%; 22.0 μg/mm3) than GS (0.7 wt%; 14.8 μg/mm3). Except for CM, no significant water sorption was observed between 21 and 60 days of storage. Since all composites presented some base water content, water sorption data alone do not account for the ultimate water content in direct resin-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Faria-e-Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lea Heckel
- Research Laboratory for Dental Biomaterials, Dental Clinic 1—Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University in Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renan Belli
- Research Laboratory for Dental Biomaterials, Dental Clinic 1—Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University in Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lohbauer
- Research Laboratory for Dental Biomaterials, Dental Clinic 1—Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friedrich-Alexander University in Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Yılmaz Atalı P, Doğu Kaya B, Manav Özen A, Tarçın B, Şenol AA, Tüter Bayraktar E, Korkut B, Bilgin Göçmen G, Tağtekin D, Türkmen C. Assessment of Micro-Hardness, Degree of Conversion, and Flexural Strength for Single-Shade Universal Resin Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224987. [PMID: 36433113 PMCID: PMC9697557 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-shade universal resin composites (SsURC) are preferred in clinical practice to reduce time for shade selection and obtain good esthetic results. In this study, the static mechanical properties of seven new SsURCs were investigated, their spectral analyzes were performed and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations were presented. Charisma Diamond One/DO, Admira Fusion x-tra/AFX, Omnichroma/OC, OptiShade/OS, Essentia Universal/EU, Zenchroma/ZC, Vittra APS Unique/VU were used in a three-point bending test to determine flexural strength (FS) and elastic modulus (EM); Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) and hardness-ratio (HR) were performed with a micro-hardness tester from top/bottom after 24-h/15-days of storage in distilled water at 37 °C (±1 °C). The degree of conversion (DC) was assessed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structure of the resin matrix and filler content were assessed by SEM. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23 and the R program and the significance level was taken as p < 0.05. The main effect of the tested SsURCs was found to be statistically significant on FS, EM, VHN, and DC values (p < 0.001). Bis-GMA free SsURCs (AFX, DO, VU) showed better DC and HR except for OC. All seven tested SsURCs conform to the requirements of ISO standards for dental resin composites for all tested categories.
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Gouveia Z, Finer Y, Santerre JP. Towards the development of biostable dental resin systems - design criteria and constraints beyond ester-free chemistries. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1827-1840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bompolaki D, Lubisich EB, Fugolin AP. Resin-Based Composites for Direct and Indirect Restorations: Clinical Applications, Recent Advances, and Future Trends. Dent Clin North Am 2022; 66:517-536. [PMID: 36216444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Continuous advancements in resin-based composites can make selection of the appropriate system a daunting task for the clinician. This review aims to simplify this process and clarify some new or controversial topics. Various types of composites for direct and indirect applications are discussed, including microfilled and microhybrid composites, nanocomposites, single shade, bulk fill, fiber-reinforced, high temperature/high pressure processed, CAD/CAM, and three-dimensional printable composites. Recent material advancements that lead to improved seal and toughness, degradation resistance, antimicrobial and self-healing capabilities are presented. Future directions are highlighted, such as the development of "smart" materials that are able to interact with the host environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Bompolaki
- Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Ave, Room 10N070, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
| | - Erinne Bissonnette Lubisich
- Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Ave, Room 10N070, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Ana Paula Fugolin
- Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Ave, Room 10N070, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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Li W, Wang K, Wang Z, Li B. Optimal resin monomer ratios for light-cured dental resins. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10554. [PMID: 36119854 PMCID: PMC9475325 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Monomer ratios play a crucial role on the performances of dental resins, the optimal monomer ratios for dental resins are determined by combining the degree of conversion (DC), rate of polymerization (Rp), and mechanical properties, based on commonly-used Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate), UDMA (urethane dimethacrylate), and TEGDMA (triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) resins. The DC and mechanical properties of the dental resins are examined by NIR (Near Infrared Ray) spectroscopy and nanoindentation tests, respectively. The results indicate that the Rp increases while the DC decreases with the loading content of Bis-GMA or UDMA in dental resins (i.e., Bis-GMA/TEGDMA and UDMA/TEGDMA). Meanwhile, both elastic modulus and hardness also present a tendency to increase. Various different monomers maybe create a strong polymer matrix in proper proportions, comprehensively comparing the performances of dental resins in different monomer ratios, the cured resins containing Bis-GMA (15–35 wt%), UDMA (37–60 wt%) and TEGDMA (20–35 wt%) show better material properties. The present study offers a quantitative analysis for Bis-GMA/UDMA/TEGDMA dental resins as well as provides guidance for the research of dental resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weideng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.,State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
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de Lucena F, Lewis S, Fugolin A, Furuse A, Ferracane J, Pfeifer C. Triacrylamide-Based Adhesives Stabilize Bonds in Physiologic Conditions. J Dent Res 2022; 101:647-654. [PMID: 35001681 PMCID: PMC9124905 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211061736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an acrylamide-based adhesive was combined with a thiourethane-based composite to improve bond stability and reduce polymerization stress, respectively, of simulated composite restorations. The stability testing was conducted under physiologic conditions, combining mechanical and bacterial challenges. Urethane dimethacrylate was combined with a newly synthesized triacrylamide (TMAAEA) or HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate; control) to produce a 2-step total-etch adhesive system. Methacrylate-based composites (70 wt% silanized filler) were formulated, containing thiourethane oligomers at 0 (control) or 20 wt%. Standardized preparations in human third molars were restored; then, epoxy replicas were obtained from the occlusal surfaces before and after 7-d storage in water or with Streptococcus mutans biofilm, which was tested after storage in an incubator (static) or the bioreactor (mechanical challenge). Images were obtained from the replicas (scanning electron microscopy) and cross sections of the samples (confocal laser scanning microscopy) and then analyzed to obtain measurements of gap, bacterial infiltration, and demineralization. Microtensile bond strength of specimens stored in water or biofilm was assessed in 1-mm2 stick specimens. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). HEMA-based materials had greater initial gap measurements, indicating more efficient bonding for the acrylamide materials. When tested in water, the triacrylamide-based adhesive had smaller gaps in the incubator or bioreactor. In the presence of biofilm, there was less difference among materials, but the acrylamide/thiourethane combination led to statistically lower gap formation in the bioreactor. HEMA and TMAAEA-based adhesives produced statistically similar microtensile bond strengths after being stored in water for 7 d, but after the same period with biofilm-challenged specimens, the TMAAEA-based adhesives were the only ones to retain the initial bond strength values. The use of a stable multiacrylamide-based adhesive led to the preservation of the resin-dentin bonded interface after a physiologically relevant challenge. Future studies will include a multispecies biofilm model.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.S. de Lucena
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - S.H. Lewis
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - A.P.P. Fugolin
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - A.Y. Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - J.L. Ferracane
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C.S. Pfeifer
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Grohmann CVS, Sinhoreti MAC, Soares EF, Oliveira RFD, Souza-Júnior EJDC, Geraldeli S. Effect of a polymerization inhibitor on the chemomechanical properties and consistency of experimental resin composites. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:92-98. [PMID: 35766722 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) inhibitor on degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), Knoop microhardness (KH), microhardness reduction (HR), and consistency of experimental resin composites at different BHT concentrations: C0 (control-0%); C0.01 (0.01%); C0.025 (0.025%); C0.05 (0.05%); C0.1 (0.1%); and C0.5 (0.5%). For the consistency, the composites were tested immediately after being exposed to a dental chair headlight (0, 20, 40 and 60 s). Data concerning DC, FS, FM, KH, and HR were submitted to one-way ANOVA, while the consistency data was submitted to 2-way ANOVA; mean values were then compared (Tukey's test; α=0.05). The KH, FS and FM analyses showed no significant difference among the composites tested. For DC, C0 showed the highest mean value (74.2%) and differed only from C0.5 (67.2%). For HR, C0.5 showed the lowest mean (13.09%) value and differed from C0 (26.4%) and C0.01 (24.87). The consistency analysis showed no difference among C0.05, C0.1 and C0.5, considering 0 and 20 s of light exposure, while C0 (14.07 mm), C0.01 (13.97 mm), and C0.025 (14.18 mm) showed higher mean values at 0 s when compared to 20 s (12.67, 12.77 and 13.05 mm, respectivelly). Polymerization occurred within 40 s of light exposure for C0, C0.01, C0.025, and C0.05 and within 60 s for C0.1. In conclusion, the BHT concentrations had no significant influence on FS, FM and KH. The higher the BHT concentration, the longer was its handling time under light, with a significant improvement in the HR, but a decrease in DC. Therefore, BHT at 0.1% showed the best outcomes concerning all the BHT concentrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Vinícius Signorelli Grohmann
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Eveline Freitas Soares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Robson Ferraz de Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Vieira I, Ferraz LN, Vieira Junior WF, Dias CTDS, Lima DANL. Effect of at-home bleaching gels with different thickeners on the physical properties of a composite resin without bisphenol A. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:969-977. [PMID: 35332985 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate, in vitro, the influence of at-home bleaching with 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) gels containing different thickeners on the color, gloss, roughness, and microhardness of a composite resin with bisphenol A (BPA) and without bisphenol A (BPA-free). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cylindrical samples (7 × 2 mm) of a composite resin with BPA (Filtek Z350 XT®; 3M/ESPE) and composite resin BPA-free (Vittra APS®; FGM) were subdivided into six subgroups (n = 12), according to the bleaching gel used: no bleaching (control), commercial gel with 16% CP and carbopol, experimental gel with 16% CP and carbopol, experimental gel with 16% CP and natrosol, experimental gel with carbopol and experimental gel with natrosol. At the end of the experimental phase, the specimens were analyzed for color (ΔE*ab and ΔE00 ), surface roughness (Ra), gloss (GU), and surface microhardness (SMH). The data for all analyzes were submitted to Levene's test, Shapiro-Wilk's test and ANOVA. RESULTS For ΔE*ab and ΔE00 no statistically significant differences were found between all groups evaluated. Bleaching with experimental 16% CP gel with carbopol resulted in the lowest GU values for both composite resins evaluated. 16% CP experimental gel with natrosol resulted in higher Ra for the BPA composite resin and the bleaching with natrosol resulted in higher Ra for BPA-free. About 16% CP experimental gel with carbopol and 16% CP experimental gel with natrosol resulted in the lowest final SMH for composite resin with BPA. For the BPA-free composite resin, no differences were found between the groups in SMH for the same resin, however they presented the lowest values compared with all others groups. CONCLUSION The effects on physical properties are dependent on the composition of the composite resin and the thickener/bleaching gel used. The BPA-free composite resin showed less changes after exposure to bleaching agent, although its initial physical properties were worse compared to a bleached BPA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The hydrogen peroxide and thickener of the at-home bleaching gel does impact the properties of composites with BPA or BPA-free such as gloss, roughness and surface microhardness, extremely important factors for maintaining an aesthetically and physically satisfactory restoration. BPA-free composite resins have inferior properties after at-home bleaching with different thickeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Vieira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Nobre Ferraz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Tadeu Dos Santos Dias
- Department of Exact Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Aref NS, Alrasheed MK. Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate and universal adhesive resin as a complementary approach for management of white spot lesions: an in-vitro study. Prog Orthod 2022; 23:10. [PMID: 35307802 PMCID: PMC8934900 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-022-00404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background White spot lesion (WSL) is the most common consequence during and after orthodontic treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the ability of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) coupled with universal adhesive resin to treat white spot lesions. Material and methods Forty-five extracted premolars were sectioned to create 90 specimens. Seventy-five specimens were demineralized to generate artificially created WSLs. Different strategies have been applied for the management of the artificially created WSLs. Six experimental groups were employed: Group I: sound enamel (control), Group II: demineralized enamel (artificially-created WSLs), Group III: ICON resin-treated WSLs, Group IV: CPP-ACP-treated WSLs, Group V: universal adhesive resin-treated WSLs, and Group VI: CPP-ACP followed by universal adhesive resin-treated WSLs. Assessment of color stability using a spectrophotometer, surface microhardness using a Vickers tester, and surface roughness using a profilometer was done. The surface topography of representative specimens from each experimental group was inspected using a scanning electron microscope. Collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test at p ≤ 0.05. Results White spot lesions treated with CPP-ACP and subsequently coated with universal adhesive resin (Group VI) exhibited a significantly lower ΔE than both CPP-ACP (Group IV) and universal adhesive resin-treated (Group V) groups (p ≤ 0.05), but it was not significantly different from the ICON resin-treated group (Group III). For surface microhardness, WSLs treated with CPP-ACP and consequently coated with universal adhesive resin (Group VI) recorded the highest mean that was significantly different from both ICON resin (Group III) and universal adhesive resin-treated (Group V) groups (p ≤ 0.05). All the tested strategies (ICON resin, CPP-ACP, universal adhesive resin, and CPP-ACP followed by universal adhesive resin) significantly lowered the surface roughness of the WSLs (p ≤ 0.05), while no significant difference was detected among them. Conclusions Combining a considerable caries remineralizing program using CPP-ACP with subsequent universal adhesive resin infiltration could be a promising approach to manage WSLs efficiently through increasing surface microhardness and restoring esthetic while developing a smoother surface.
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De Angelis F, Sarteur N, Buonvivere M, Vadini M, Šteffl M, D'Arcangelo C. Meta-analytical analysis on components released from resin-based dental materials. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6015-6041. [PMID: 35870020 PMCID: PMC9525379 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin-based materials are applied in every branch of dentistry. Due to their tendency to release substances in the oral environment, doubts have been raised about their actual safety. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the last decade literature regarding the concentrations of elutable substances released from dental resin-based materials in different type of solvents. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the literature published on dental journals between January 2010 and April 2022 was searched using international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). Due to strict inclusion criteria, only 23 papers out of 877 were considered eligible. The concentration of eluted substances related to surface and volume of the sample was analyzed, considering data at 24 h as a reference. The total cumulative release was examined as well. RESULTS The most eluted substances were HEMA, TEGDMA, and BPA, while the less eluted were Bis-GMA and UDMA. Organic solvents caused significantly higher release of substances than water-based ones. A statistically significant inverse correlation between the release of molecules and their molecular mass was observed. A statistically significant positive correlation between the amount of released molecule and the specimen surface area was detected, as well as a weak positive correlation between the release and the specimen volume. CONCLUSIONS Type of solvent, molecular mass of eluates, and specimen surface and volume affect substances release from materials. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It could be advisable to rely on materials based on monomers with a reduced elution tendency for clinical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Angelis
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Nela Sarteur
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Buonvivere
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mirco Vadini
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michal Šteffl
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Camillo D'Arcangelo
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Effect of Chemical Challenges on the Properties of Composite Resins. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4895846. [PMID: 34899913 PMCID: PMC8654529 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4895846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the chemical degradation effect on microhardness and roughness of composite resins after aging. Materials and Methods Specimens (n = 10) were used for Filtek Z350 XT (Z350), Filtek Bulk Fill (BULK), Micerium HRI (HRI), Micerium BIOFUNCION (BIO), and Vittra APS (VITTRA). Microhardness and roughness were performed before and after degradation with the followed solutions: citric acid, phosphoric acid, 75% alcohol, and distilled water. Samples were to a 180-day chemical cycling protocol. After degradation, one sample of each group was selected for scanning electron microscope evaluation. The data were analyzed with normal distribution (Kolmogorov–Smirnov) and similarities of variations for the Bartlett test. ANOVA (two-way) followed by Tukey's test was performed considering treatment and composite resin (P < 0.05). Results For microhardness and roughness, variations were noted to different solution and resin formulations. Z350 and HRI showed higher microhardness percentage loss, and it was more evident after storage in alcohol (−48.49 ± 20.16 and −25.02 ± 14.04, respectively) and citric acid (−65.05 ± 28.97 and 16.12 ± 8.35, respectively). For roughness, Z350 and VITTRA showed less delta values after alcohol storage (−0.047 ± 0.007 and −0.022 ± 0.009, respectively). HRI had the worst roughness for citric acid (−0.090 ± 0.025). All resins were not statistically different between each other in water and phosphoric acid. Conclusion The formulations of restorative resin materials influenced in degree of surface degradation after 180 days of chemical degradation. Water was considered the solution that causes less degradation for microhardness and roughness evaluations. For microhardness, alcohol was considered the worst solution for Z350 and HRI. For superficial roughness, Z350 and VITTRA showed less degradation in alcohol and citric and phosphoric acid solutions.
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Physical properties and wear behavior of CAD/CAM resin composite blocks containing S-PRG filler for restoring primary molar teeth. Dent Mater 2021; 38:158-168. [PMID: 34872741 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composite blocks (RCBs) containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler for primary molar teeth and evaluate their physical properties and wear resistance. METHODS Experimental CAD/CAM RCBs containing S-PRG filler for primary molar teeth (EB), a commercial CAD/CAM RCB (HC), two resin composites for primary teeth (BKP and BKZ) and one for permanent teeth (BⅡ) were used. Hardness tests, three-point bending tests, fracture toughness tests, and water absorption tests were conducted. Wear tests were conducted for these materials and stainless steel crowns (SSCs). RESULTS The Vickers hardness of EB was lower than that of HC (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference among BKZ, BKP, and BⅡ (p > 0.05). After 1 week of water immersion, EB and HC showed greater flexural strength than the other materials (p < 0.05). EB showed greater fracture toughness than the other materials (p < 0.05). The water absorption of EB was lower than that of HC, BKZ, and BKP (p < 0.05), and greater than that of BⅡ (p < 0.05). Antagonist wear was significantly smaller in EB than in HC and BⅡ (p < 0.05), and significantly greater than in BKZ (p < 0.05). Antagonist wear could not be measured in SSC because of excessive wear that was out of range of the surface roughness tester. SIGNIFICANCE The CAD/CAM RCBs containing S-PRG filler for primary molar teeth developed in this study demonstrated adequate physical properties and wear performance, suggesting that they are suitable for restoration of primary molar teeth and could function in place of SSCs.
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de Oliveira RF, Abuna GF, Roulet JF, Geraldeli S, Sinhoreti MAC. Effect of an elastomeric urethane monomer on BisGMA-free resin composites containing different co-initiators. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:957-967. [PMID: 34286399 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical, chemical, optical, and adhesive properties of BisGMA-free experimental resin composites containing Exothane-24-an elastomeric urethane monomer-and different co-initiators. MATERIALS AND METHODS A blend of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), extended dimethacrylate urethane (PEG 400), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and camphorquinone was prepared. Two different co-initiators-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) or 4-N alcohol, N-dimethylamine phenylethyl (DMPOH)-were added to the blend. Exothane-24 monomer was added to the blend for each co-initiator and four groups were established as follows: DMAEMA; DMAEMA + Exothane; DMPOH; and DMPOH + Exothane. Specimens were photo-activated using a multi-wave LED light-curing unit (VALO; 954 mW/cm2 of irradiance). Mechanical (ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus and hardness), chemical (degree of conversion, hardness reduction, water sorption and solubility), optical (color change), and adhesive (microtensile bond strength) properties were analyzed. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The resin composite containing DMPOH and Exothane-24 showed similar or superior performance to those of the other experimental composites for mechanical and chemical properties, except for flexural strength. It also showed less color change and greater micro-tensile bond strength. CONCLUSIONS Among the combinations tested, the BisGMA-free resin composite containing Exothane-24 combined with the DMPOH co-initiator showed the best mechanical, chemical, optical, and adhesive properties. Clinical relevance Exothane-24 monomer and DMPOH co-initiator could be useful in the formulation of BisGMA-free resin composites in order to minimize exposure to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Ferraz de Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Flores Abuna
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Jean-François Roulet
- Restorative Dental Science Department, Operative Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saulo Geraldeli
- Division of Biomedical Materials, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Vila Rezende, Limeira Avenue, Areiao, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 90113414-903, Brazil.
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Martins ARM, Silva ID, Machado‐Santos L, Vitti RP, Sinhoreti MAC, Brandt WC. Isobornyl methacrylate as diluent co‐monomer on physical‐mechanical properties of dental resin composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurealice Rosa Maria Martins
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Isaias Donizeti Silva
- School of Dentistry, Implantology Area Santo Amaro University São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciana Machado‐Santos
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of Taubaté Taubaté São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- School of Dentistry Herminio Ometto University Center Araras São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - William Cunha Brandt
- School of Dentistry, Implantology Area Santo Amaro University São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Szczesio-Wlodarczyk A, Domarecka M, Kopacz K, Sokolowski J, Bociong K. An Evaluation of the Properties of Urethane Dimethacrylate-Based Dental Resins. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2727. [PMID: 34064213 PMCID: PMC8196897 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Most of the dental materials available on the market are still based on traditional monomers such as bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA). The interactions that arise in the monomer mixture and the characteristics of the resulting polymer network are the most important factors, which define the final properties of dental materials. The use of three different monomers in proper proportions may create a strong polymer matrix. In this paper, fourteen resin materials, based on urethane dimethacrylate with different co-monomers such as Bis-GMA or Bis-EMA, were evaluated. TEGDMA was used as the diluting monomer. The flexural strength (FS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and hardness (HV) were determined. The impacts of material composition on the water absorption and dissolution were evaluated as well. The highest FS was 89.5 MPa, while the lowest was 69.7 MPa. The median DTS for the tested materials was found to range from 20 to 30 MPa. The hardness of the tested materials ranged from 14 to 16 HV. UDMA/TEGDMA matrices were characterized by the highest adsorption values. The overall results indicated that changes in the materials' properties are not strictly proportional to the material's compositional changes. The matrices showed good properties when the composite contained an equal mixture of Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA and UDMA or the content of the UDMA monomer was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Domarecka
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.D.); (J.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Karolina Kopacz
- “DynamoLab” Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical University of Mazovia, Ludwika Rydygiera 8, 01-793 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.D.); (J.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Kinga Bociong
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.D.); (J.S.); (K.B.)
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Pedano MS, Yoshihara K, Li X, Camargo B, Van Landuyt K, Van Meerbeek B. Experimental resin-modified calcium-silicate cement containing N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide monomer for pulp tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112105. [PMID: 34082929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our study aimed to measure (1) the flexural strength, (2) shear bond strength to dentin, (3) pH, and (4) calcium (Ca) release of a series of innovative resin-modified calcium-silicate pulp-capping cements (Rm-CSCs). Using an ex-vivo human vital tooth-culture model, we additionally assessed (5) their pulp-healing initiation when brought in direct contact with human dental pulp tissue. METHODOLOGY Three experimental Rm-CSCs, being referred to 'Exp_HEAA', 'Exp_GDM' and 'Exp_HEAA/GDM', contained either 20 wt% N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide (HEAA), 20 wt% glycerol dimethacrylate (GDM) or 10 wt% HEAA plus 10 wt% GDM, added to a common base composition consisting of 25 wt% urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 10 wt% 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-MET), and 5 wt% N,N'-{[(2-acrylamido-2-[(3-acrylamidopropoxy)methyl] propane-1,3-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis-(propane-1,3-diyl)}diacrylamide (FAM-401). As Ca source and radiopacifier, 37 wt% tricalcium silicate powder (TCS) and 3 wt% zirconium oxide (ZrO 2) were respectively added. RESULTS All three experimental Rm-CSCs revealed a significantly higher flexural strength and shear bond strength to dentin (p < 0.05) than the commercial reference Rm-CSC TheraCal LC (Bisco). Exp_HEAA presented with a significantly higher Ca release and pH at 24 h compared with the other Rm-CSCs (p < 0.05). At 1 week, the Ca release and pH of Exp_HEAA and Exp_HEAA/GDM was significantly higher than those of Exp_GDM and TheraCal LC (p < 0.05). Using the ex-vivo human vital tooth culture model, Exp_HEAA revealed pulp-healing initiation capacity as documented by nestin and collagen-I expression. CONCLUSIONS Depending on the formulation, the innovative Rm-CSCs performed favorably for primary properties of relevance regarding pulp capping, this more specifically in terms of flexural strength, bond strength to dentin, as well as alkaline pH and Ca release. However, only Exp_HEAA revealed pulp-healing initiation in direct contact with human dental pulp tissue in the ex-vivo human vital tooth-culture model. This promising outcome for Exp_HEAA should be attributed to the combined use of (1) a novel hydrophilic acrylamide monomer, enabling sufficient polymerization while maintaining adequate hydrophilicity, with (2) the functional monomer 4-MET, possessing chemical bonding potential to dentin, and (3) tricalcium silicate powder to achieve an alkaline pH and to release Ca in a sufficient and controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano S Pedano
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health Research Institute, 2217-14 Hayashi-Cho, Takamaysu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Xin Li
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernardo Camargo
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
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Wang Y, Zhu M, Zhu XX. Functional fillers for dental resin composites. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:50-65. [PMID: 33290913 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dental resin composites (DRCs) are popular materials to repair caries. Although various types of DRCs with different characteristics have been developed, restoration failures still exist. Bulk fracture and secondary caries have been considered as main causes for the failure of composites restoration. To address these problems, various fillers with specific functions have been introduced and studied. Some fillers with specific morphologies such as whisker, fiber, and nanotube, have been used to increase the mechanical properties of DRCs, and other fillers releasing ions such as Ag+, Ca2+, and F-, have been used to inhibit the secondary caries. These functional fillers are helpful to improve the performances and lifespan of DRCs. In this article, we firstly introduce the composition and development of DRCs, then review and discuss the functional fillers classified according to their roles in the DRCs, finally give a summary on the current research and predict the trend of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - X X Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Martins ARM, Machado-Santos L, Grassia RCF, Vitti RP, Sinhoreti MAC, Brandt WC. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Resins Blends Containing a Monomethacrylate with Low-polymerization Shrinkage. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:96-100. [PMID: 33412607 PMCID: PMC7902105 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the Knoop hardness (KH), cross-link density (CLD), water sorption (WS), water solubility (WSB), and volumetric shrinkage (VS) of experimental resins blends containing a monomethacrylate with low-polymerization shrinkage.
Materials and Methods
A blend of bisphenol glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) as base monomer was formulated with (Bis-GMA)/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), Bis-GMA/isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), or Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/IBOMA in different concentrations (40, 50, or 60 wt%). The camphorquinone (CQ)/2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as the photoinitiator system. The KH and CLD were measured at the top surface using an indenter. For WS and WSB, the volume of the samples was calculated in mm
3
. The samples were transferred to desiccators until a constant mass was obtained (m1) and were subsequently immersed in distilled water until no alteration in mass was detected (m2). The samples were reconditioned to constant mass in desiccators (m3). WS and WSB were determined using the equations m2 − m3/V and m1 − m3/V, respectively. VS results were calculated with the density parameters before and after curing.
Statistical Analysis
Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).
Results
The resins containing IBOMA showed lower VS results. TEGDMA 40% and TEGDMA/IBOMA 20/20 wt% showed higher KH values. The IBOMA groups showed lower CLD, while TEGDMA groups had higher values of CLD. The BisGMA/TEGDMA resin presented the highest values of WS, and for WSB, all groups showed no significant differences among themselves.
Conclusion
The monomethacrylate with low-polymerization shrinkage IBOMA used alone or in combination with TEGDMA may decrease VS, WS, and CLD values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Machado-Santos
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Herminio Ometto University Center, Araras, SP, Brazil
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Gomes de Araújo-Neto V, Sebold M, Fernandes de Castro E, Feitosa VP, Giannini M. Evaluation of physico-mechanical properties and filler particles characterization of conventional, bulk-fill, and bioactive resin-based composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104288. [PMID: 33383377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated physical and mechanical properties and characterized the filler particles of seven composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Filtek Supreme (FS, 3M Oral Care), Forma (FO, Ultradent), Charisma Diamond (CD, Kulzer), Spectra Smart (SS, Dentsply), Filtek Bulk Fill (FB, 3M Oral Care), Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (TB, Ivoclar), and Cention N (Ivoclar) in self- (CNSC) or dual-curing (CNDC) were evaluated. Fillers size, shape, and content were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDX). Disk-shaped specimens (n = 5) were prepared for sorption (SP) and solubility (SL). Flexural strength and elastic modulus were tested at 24 h and 12 months (n = 10). Degree of conversion (DC%) and maximum rate of polymerization (Rpmax) were evaluated using micro-Raman spectroscopy. SP and SL results were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and Dunn's pairwise test (α = 0.05). Mechanical properties were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). DC% of CNSC and CNDC was compared by independent t-test (α = 0.05). Rpmax results were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The composites differed regarding filler size, shape, and content. CD and CNSC showed lower SP than FS. SS had lower SL than CNSC and CNDC. CNDC presented higher DC% than CNSC. CD, TB, and CNDC showed the highest Rpmax. TB, CNSC, and CNDC showed the lowest 24-h flexural strengths. Mechanical properties of CD did not decrease, while FO, TB, and CNSC showed a significant reduction after storage. CONCLUSIONS Monomer composition and fillers characteristics greatly influenced the physico-mechanical properties of the tested composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliano Gomes de Araújo-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901, Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maicon Sebold
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901, Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Fernandes de Castro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901, Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Victor Pinheiro Feitosa
- School of Dentistry, Faculty Paulo Picanço, Rua Joaquim Sá, 900, Dionísio Torres, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901, Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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