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Zhao Y, Wang J, Shi S, Lan X, Cheng X, Li L, Zou Y, Jia L, Liu W, Luo Q, Chen Z, Huang C. LanCL2 Implicates in Testicular Redox Homeostasis and Acrosomal Maturation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:534. [PMID: 38790639 PMCID: PMC11117947 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox balance plays an important role in testicular homeostasis. While lots of antioxidant molecules have been identified as widely expressed, the understanding of the critical mechanisms for redox management in male germ cells is inadequate. This study identified LanCL2 as a major male germ cell-specific antioxidant gene that is important for testicular homeostasis. Highly expressed in the brain and testis, LanCL2 expression correlates with testicular maturation and brain development. LanCL2 is enriched in spermatocytes and round spermatids of the testis. By examining LanCL2 knockout mice, we found that LanCL2 deletion did not affect postnatal brain development but injured the sperm parameters of adult mice. With histopathological analysis, we noticed that LanCL2 KO caused a pre-maturation and accelerated the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells in the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, at the adult stage, LanCL2 KO damaged the acrosomal maturation in spermiogenesis, resulting in spermatogenic defects with a reduced number and motility of spermatozoa. Furthermore, we show that this disruption of testicular homeostasis in the LanCL2 KO testis was due to dysbalanced testicular redox homeostasis. This study demonstrates the critical role of LanCL2 in testicular homeostasis and redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Zhao
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jichen Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shuai Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinting Lan
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (S.S.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (W.L.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Tubau-Juni N, Hontecillas R, Leber AJ, Alva SS, Bassaganya-Riera J. Treating Autoimmune Diseases With LANCL2 Therapeutics: A Novel Immunoregulatory Mechanism for Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:671-680. [PMID: 37934790 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) therapeutics have gained increasing recognition as a novel treatment modality for a wide range of autoimmune diseases. Genetic ablation of LANCL2 in mice results in severe inflammatory phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and lupus. Pharmacological activation of LANCL2 provides therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of intestinal inflammation, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis. Mechanistically, LANCL2 activation enhances regulatory CD4 + T cell (Treg) responses and downregulates effector responses in the gut. The stability and suppressive capacities of Treg cells are enhanced by LANCL2 activation through engagement of immunoregulatory mechanisms that favor mitochondrial metabolism and amplify IL-2/CD25 signaling. Omilancor, the most advanced LANCL2 immunoregulatory therapeutic in late-stage clinical development, is a phase 3 ready, first-in-class, gut-restricted, oral, once-daily, small-molecule therapeutic in clinical development for the treatment of UC and CD. In this review, we discuss this novel mechanism of mucosal immunoregulation and how LANCL2-targeting therapeutics could help address the unmet clinical needs of patients with autoimmune diseases, starting with IBD.
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Shi S, Wang J, Gong H, Huang X, Mu B, Cheng X, Feng B, Jia L, Luo Q, Liu W, Chen Z, Huang C. PGC-1α-Coordinated Hypothalamic Antioxidant Defense Is Linked to SP1-LanCL1 Axis during High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38397850 PMCID: PMC10885970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity parallels hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress, but the correlations between them are not well-defined. Here, with mouse models targeting the antioxidant gene LanCL1 in the hypothalamus, we demonstrate that impaired hypothalamic antioxidant defense aggravates HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and obesity progress, and these could be improved in mice with elevated hypothalamic antioxidant defense. We also show that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a critical transcriptional coactivator, is implicated in regulating hypothalamic LanCL1 transcription, in collaboration with SP1 through a direct interaction, in response to HFD-induced palmitic acid (PA) accumulation. According to our results, when exposed to HFD, mice undergo a process of overwhelming hypothalamic antioxidant defense; short-time HFD exposure induces ROS production to activate PGC-1α and elevate LanCL1-mediated antioxidant defense, while long-time exposure promotes ubiquitin-mediated PGC-1α degradation and suppresses LanCL1 expression. Our findings show the critical importance of the hypothalamic PGC-1α-SP1-LanCL1 axis in regulating HFD-induced obesity, and provide new insights describing the correlations of hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jichen Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Gong
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Bin Mu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Collu R, Yin Z, Giunti E, Daley S, Chen M, Morin P, Killick R, Wong STC, Xia W. Effect of the ROCK inhibitor fasudil on the brain proteomic profile in the tau transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1323563. [PMID: 38440100 PMCID: PMC10911083 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1323563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The goal of this study is to explore the pharmacological potential of the amyloid-reducing vasodilator fasudil, a selective Ras homolog (Rho)-associated kinases (ROCK) inhibitor, in the P301S tau transgenic mouse model (Line PS19) of neurodegenerative tauopathy and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods We used LC-MS/MS, ELISA and bioinformatic approaches to investigate the effect of treatment with fasudil on the brain proteomic profile in PS19 tau transgenic mice. We also explored the efficacy of fasudil in reducing tau phosphorylation, and the potential beneficial and/or toxic effects of its administration in mice. Results Proteomic profiling of mice brains exposed to fasudil revealed the activation of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and blood-brain barrier (BBB) gap junction metabolic pathways. We also observed a significant negative correlation between the brain levels of phosphorylated tau (pTau) at residue 396 and both fasudil and its metabolite hydroxyfasudil. Conclusions Our results provide evidence on the activation of proteins and pathways related to mitochondria and BBB functions by fasudil treatment and support its further development and therapeutic potential for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Collu
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zheng Yin
- T. T. and W. F. Chao Center for BRAIN, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elisa Giunti
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah Daley
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mei Chen
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
| | - Peter Morin
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Richard Killick
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen T. C. Wong
- T. T. and W. F. Chao Center for BRAIN, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weiming Xia
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Kennedy College of Science, Lowell, MA, United States
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Huang H, Tsui YM, Ho DWH, Chung CYS, Sze KMF, Lee E, Cheung GCH, Zhang VX, Wang X, Lyu X, Ng IOL. LANCL1, a cell surface protein, promotes liver tumor initiation through FAM49B-Rac1 axis to suppress oxidative stress. Hepatology 2024; 79:323-340. [PMID: 37540188 PMCID: PMC10789379 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS HCC is an aggressive cancer with a poor clinical outcome. Understanding the mechanisms that drive tumor initiation is important for improving treatment strategy. This study aimed to identify functional cell membrane proteins that promote HCC tumor initiation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Tailor-made siRNA library screening was performed for all membrane protein-encoding genes that are upregulated in human HCC (n = 134), with sphere formation as a surrogate readout for tumor initiation. Upon confirmation of membranous localization by immunofluorescence and tumor initiation ability by limiting dilution assay in vivo, LanC-like protein-1 (LANCL1) was selected for further characterization. LANCL1 suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, with mass spectrometry, FAM49B was identified as a downstream binding partner of LANCL1. LANCL1 stabilized FAM49B by blocking the interaction of FAM49B with the specific E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21, thus protecting FAM49B from ubiquitin-proteasome degradation. The LANCL1-FAM49B axis suppressed the Rac1-NADPH oxidase-driven ROS production, but this suppression of ROS was independent of the glutathione transferase function of LANCL1. Clinically, HCCs with high co-expression of LANCL1 and FAM49B were associated with more advanced tumor stage, poorer overall survival, and disease-free survival. In addition, anti-LANCL1 antibodies targeting the extracellular N-terminal domain were able to suppress the self-renewal ability, as demonstrated by the sphere formation ability of HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that LANCL1 is a cell surface protein and a key contributor to HCC initiation. Targeting the LANCL1-FAM49B-Rac1-NADPH oxidase-ROS signaling axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Man Tsui
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Wai-Hung Ho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Clive Yik-Sham Chung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Man-Fong Sze
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eva Lee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gary Cheuk-Hang Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vanilla Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xueying Lyu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Díaz-Zaragoza M, Hernández-Ávila R, Landa A, Ostoa-Saloma P. Variation of the 2D Pattern of Brain Proteins in Mice Infected with Taenia crassiceps ORF Strain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1460. [PMID: 38338740 PMCID: PMC10855729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Some parasites are known to influence brain proteins or induce changes in the functioning of the nervous system. In this study, our objective is to demonstrate how the two-dimensional gel technique is valuable for detecting differences in protein expression and providing detailed information on changes in the brain proteome during a parasitic infection. Subsequently, we seek to understand how the parasitic infection affects the protein composition in the brain and how this may be related to changes in brain function. By analyzing de novo-expressed proteins at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-infection compared to the brains of the control mice, we observed that proteins expressed at 2 weeks are primarily associated with neuroprotection or the initial response of the mouse brain to the infection. At 8 weeks, parasitic infection can induce oxidative stress in the brain, potentially activating signaling pathways related to the response to cellular damage. Proteins expressed at 8 weeks exhibit a pattern indicating that, as the host fails to balance the Neuro-Immuno-Endocrine network of the organism, the brain begins to undergo an apoptotic process and consequently experiences brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Díaz-Zaragoza
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, Guadalajara 46600, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Hernández-Ávila
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70228, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Abraham Landa
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70228, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Pedro Ostoa-Saloma
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70228, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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Huerta MÁ, Garcia MM, García-Parra B, Serrano-Afonso A, Paniagua N. Investigational Drugs for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12987. [PMID: 37629168 PMCID: PMC10455720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is unsatisfactory, and there is a clinical need for new approaches. Several drugs under advanced clinical development are addressed in this review. A systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus) and in the ClinicalTrials.gov register from 1 January 2016 to 1 June 2023 to identify Phase II, III and IV clinical trials evaluating drugs for the treatment of PHN. A total of 18 clinical trials were selected evaluating 15 molecules with pharmacological actions on nine different molecular targets: Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor (AT2R) antagonism (olodanrigan), Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (VGCC) α2δ subunit inhibition (crisugabalin, mirogabalin and pregabalin), Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) blockade (funapide and lidocaine), Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition (TRK-700), Adaptor-Associated Kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibition (LX9211), Lanthionine Synthetase C-Like Protein (LANCL) activation (LAT8881), N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism (esketamine), mu opioid receptor agonism (tramadol, oxycodone and hydromorphone) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) inhibition (fulranumab). In brief, there are several drugs in advanced clinical development for treating PHN with some of them reporting promising results. AT2R antagonism, AAK1 inhibition, LANCL activation and NGF inhibition are considered first-in-class analgesics. Hopefully, these trials will result in a better clinical management of PHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Á. Huerta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel M. Garcia
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Unidad Asociada I+D+i Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain;
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Beliu García-Parra
- Clinical Neurophysiology Section—Neurology Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona-Health Campus, IDIBELL, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Ancor Serrano-Afonso
- Department of Anesthesia, Reanimation and Pain Clinic, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona-Health Campus, IDIBELL, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Nancy Paniagua
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Unidad Asociada I+D+i Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain;
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Zhang W, Zhang L, Yang L, Xiao C, Wu X, Yan P, Cui H, Yang C, Zhu J, Wu X, Tang M, Wang Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Zou Y, Zhang L, Yang C, Yao Y, Li J, Liu Z, Zhang B, Jiang X. Migraine, chronic kidney disease and kidney function: observational and genetic analyses. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1185-1200. [PMID: 37306871 PMCID: PMC10449948 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate an association between migraine and chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the genetic basis underlying the phenotypic association has not been investigated. We aimed to help avoid unnecessary interventions in individuals with migraine through the investigation of phenotypic and genetic relationships underlying migraine, CKD, and kidney function. We first evaluated phenotypic associations using observational data from UK Biobank (N = 255,896). We then investigated genetic relationships leveraging genomic data in European ancestry for migraine (Ncase/Ncontrol = 48,975/540,381), CKD (Ncase/Ncontrol = 41,395/439,303), and two traits of kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR, N = 567,460] and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR, N = 547,361]). Observational analyses suggested no significant association of migraine with the risk of CKD (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.85-1.50). While we did not find any global genetic correlation in general, we identified four specific genomic regions showing significant for migraine with eGFR. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified one candidate causal variant (rs1047891) underlying migraine, CKD, and kidney function. Transcriptome-wide association study detected 28 shared expression-trait associations between migraine and kidney function. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested no causal effect of migraine on CKD (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.98-1.09; P = 0.28). Despite a putative causal effect of migraine on an increased level of UACR (log-scale-beta = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.04; P = 1.92 × 10-3), it attenuated to null when accounting for both correlated and uncorrelated pleiotropy. Our work does not find evidence supporting a causal association between migraine and CKD. However, our study highlights significant biological pleiotropy between migraine and kidney function. The value of a migraine prophylactic treatment for reducing future CKD in people with migraine is likely limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Luo Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Urology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenghan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueyao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Peijing Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Huijie Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Jingwei Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Mingshuang Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yanqiu Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Iatrical Polymer Material and Artificial Apparatus, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Zhenmi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Song B, Zhang Y, Xiong G, Luo H, Zhang B, Li Y, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Chang X. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the adverse effects of cadmium on the trajectory of neuronal maturation. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1697-1713. [PMID: 36114956 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an extensively existing environmental pollutant that has neurotoxic effects. However, the molecular mechanism of Cd on neuronal maturation is unveiled. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely used to uncover cellular heterogeneity and is a powerful tool to reconstruct the developmental trajectory of neurons. In this study, neural stem cells (NSCs) from subventricular zone (SVZ) of newborn mice were treated with CdCl2 for 24 h and differentiated for 7 days to obtain neuronal lineage cells. Then scRNA-seq analysis identified five cell stages with different maturity in neuronal lineage cells. Our findings revealed that Cd altered the trajectory of maturation of neuronal lineage cells by decreasing the number of cells in different stages and hindering their maturation. Cd induced differential transcriptome expression in different cell subpopulations in a stage-specific manner. Specifically, Cd induced oxidative damage and changed the proportion of cell cycle phases in the early stage of neuronal development. Furthermore, the autocrine and paracrine signals of Wnt5a were downregulated in the low mature neurons in response to Cd. Importantly, activation of Wnt5a effectively rescued the number of neurons and promoted their maturation. Taken together, the findings of this study provide new and comprehensive insights into the adverse effect of Cd on neuronal maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guiya Xiong
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huan Luo
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yixi Li
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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10
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Harpur CM, West AC, Le Page MA, Lam M, Hodges C, Oseghale O, Gearing AJ, Tate MD. Naturally derived cytokine peptides limit virus replication and severe disease during influenza A virus infection. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1443. [PMID: 36969366 PMCID: PMC10034483 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Novel host‐targeted therapeutics could treat severe influenza A virus (IAV) infections, with reduced risk of drug resistance. LAT8881 is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring C‐terminal fragment of human growth hormone. Acting independently of the growth hormone receptor, it can reduce inflammation‐induced damage and promote tissue repair in an animal model of osteoarthritis. LAT8881 has been assessed in clinical trials for the treatment of obesity and neuropathy and has an excellent safety profile. We investigated the potential for LAT8881, its metabolite LAT9991F and LAT7771 derived from prolactin, a growth hormone structural homologue, to treat severe IAV infection. Methods LAT8881, LAT9991F and LAT7771 were evaluated for their effects on cell viability and IAV replication in vitro, as well as their potential to limit disease in a preclinical mouse model of severe IAV infection. Results In vitro LAT8881 treatment enhanced cell viability, particularly in the presence of cytotoxic stress, which was countered by siRNA inhibition of host lanthionine synthetase C‐like proteins. Daily intranasal treatment of mice with LAT8881 or LAT9991F, but not LAT7771, from day 1 postinfection significantly improved influenza disease resistance, which was associated with reduced infectious viral loads, reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and increased abundance of protective alveolar macrophages. LAT8881 treatment in combination with the antiviral oseltamivir phosphate led to more pronounced reduction in markers of disease severity than treatment with either compound alone. Conclusion These studies provide the first evidence identifying LAT8881 and LAT9991F as novel host‐protective therapies that improve survival, limit viral replication, reduce local inflammation and curtail tissue damage during severe IAV infection. Evaluation of LAT8881 and LAT9991F in other infectious and inflammatory conditions of the airways is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Harpur
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Alison C West
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Mélanie A Le Page
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Maggie Lam
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Christopher Hodges
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Osezua Oseghale
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | | | - Michelle D Tate
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
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11
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Liao P, Wu QY, Li S, Hu KB, Liu HL, Wang HY, Long ZY, Lu XM, Wang YT. The ameliorative effects and mechanisms of abscisic acid on learning and memory. Neuropharmacology 2023; 224:109365. [PMID: 36462635 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA), a conserved hormone existing in plants and animals, not only regulates blood glucose and inflammation but also has good therapeutic effects on obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases in animals. Studies have shown that exogenous ABA can pass the blood-brain barrier and inhibit neuroinflammation, promote neurogenesis, enhance synaptic plasticity, improve learning, memory and cognitive ability in the central nervous system. At the same time, ABA plays a crucial role in significant improvement of Alzheimer's disease, depression, and anxiety. Here we review the previous research progress of ABA on the physiological effects and clinical application in the related diseases. By summarizing the biological functions of ABA, we aim to reveal the possible mechanisms of ameliorative function of ABA on learning and memory, to provide a theoretical basis that ABA as a novel and safe drug improves learning memory and cognitive impairment in central system diseases such as aging, neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liao
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qing-Yun Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Kai-Bin Hu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hui-Lin Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiu-Min Lu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
| | - Yong-Tang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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12
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Wiskott K, Gilardi F, Hainard A, Sanchez JC, Thomas A, Sajic T, Fracasso T. Blood proteome of acute intracranial hemorrhage in infant victims of abusive head trauma. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200078. [PMID: 36576318 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. While the reported incidence is close to 40 cases per 100'000 births/year, misdiagnoses are commonly observed in cases with atypical, subacute, or chronic presentation. Currently, standard clinical evaluation of inflicted intracranial hemorrhagic injury (ICH) in infants urgently requires a screening test able to identify infants who need additional investigations. Blood biomarkers characteristic of AHT may assist in detecting these infants, improving prognosis through early medical care. To date, the application of innovative omics technologies in retrospective studies of AHT in infants is rare, due also to the blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AHT cases being scarce and not systematically accessible. Here, we explored the circulating blood proteomes of infants with severe AHT and their atraumatic controls. We discovered 165 circulating serum proteins that display differential changes in AHT cases compared with atraumatic controls. The peripheral blood proteomes of pediatric AHT commonly reflect: (i) potentially secreted proteome from injured brain, and (ii) proteome dysregulated in the system's circulation by successive biological events following acute ICH. This study opens up a novel opportunity for research efforts in clinical screening of AHT cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wiskott
- Forensic medicine unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Federica Gilardi
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 25, Switzerland.,Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Hainard
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Translational Biomarker Group, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Thomas
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 25, Switzerland.,Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Sajic
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 25, Switzerland.,Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tony Fracasso
- Forensic medicine unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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13
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The ABA/LANCL Hormone/Receptor System in the Control of Glycemia, of Cardiomyocyte Energy Metabolism, and in Neuroprotection: A New Ally in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021199. [PMID: 36674711 PMCID: PMC9863406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA), long known as a plant stress hormone, is present and functionally active in organisms other than those pertaining to the land plant kingdom, including cyanobacteria, fungi, algae, protozoan parasites, lower Metazoa, and mammals. The ancient, cross-kingdom role of this stress hormone allows ABA and its signaling pathway to control cell responses to environmental stimuli in diverse organisms such as marine sponges, higher plants, and humans. Recent advances in our knowledge about the physiological role of ABA and of its mammalian receptors in the control of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in myocytes, adipocytes, and neuronal cells allow us to foresee therapeutic applications for ABA in the fields of pre-diabetes, diabetes, and cardio- and neuro-protection. Vegetal extracts titrated in their ABA content have shown both efficacy and tolerability in preliminary clinical studies. As the prevalence of glucose intolerance, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases is steadily increasing in both industrialized and rapidly developing countries, new and cost-efficient therapeutics to combat these ailments are much needed to ensure disease-free aging for the current and future working generations.
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14
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Single-Cell RNAseq Resolve the Potential Effects of LanCL1 Gene in the Mouse Testis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244135. [PMID: 36552898 PMCID: PMC9777014 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects lots of couples, half of which are caused by male factors. The LanCL1 gene is highly expressed in testis specifically, which might affect the development of sperms. In order to understand the potential functions of the LanCL1 gene in the testis, this study was conducted with constructed transgenic LanCL1 knockout mice. The mouse breeding experiment, semen analysis and single-cell RNAseq of testicular tissue were performed. Results suggested that the LanCL1 gene would significantly influence the reproduction ability and sperm motility of male mice. Single-cell RNAseq also confirmed the high expression of the LanCL1 gene in the spermatocytes and spermatids. Downregulating the LanCL1 gene expression could promote M2 macrophage polarity to maintain testicular homeostasis. Moreover, the LanCL1 gene could affect both the germ cells and stromal cells through various pathways such as the P53 signaling and the PPAR signaling pathway to disturb the normal process of spermatogenesis. However, no effects of the LanCL1 gene in testosterone synthesis and serum testosterone level were shown. Further studies are needed to discuss the mechanisms of the LanCL1 gene in the various cells of the testis independently.
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15
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LANCL1 as the Key Immune Marker in Neuropathic Pain. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:9762244. [PMID: 35510269 PMCID: PMC9061068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9762244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study is to explore key immune markers and changes of immune microenvironment in neuropathic pain (NeuP). Method. The data sets of GSE145199 and GSE145226 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to analyze, and the key immune markers were verified by GSE70006 and GSE91396, and the infiltration degree of immune cells in different samples were analyzed by CIBERSORT analysis package. Results. In this study, we found a key immune marker, namely, LANCL1. Regulatory axis closely related to LANCL1 has also been found, namely, miR-6325/LANCL1 axis. In the immune infiltration analysis, we also found that the LANCL1 is positively correlated with T cells CD4 naïve (
,
). Conclusion. In this study, we found that LANCL1 may be a protective factor for NeuP, and the miR-6325/LANCL1 axis may be involved in the occurrence and development of NeuP. Cascade reactions including mast cells, macrophages, and T cells may be an important reason for the aggravation of nerve damage.
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16
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Huang C, Yang C, Pang D, Li C, Gong H, Cao X, He X, Chen X, Mu B, Cui Y, Liu W, Luo Q, Cheng A, Jia L, Chen M, Xiao B, Chen Z. Animal models of male subfertility targeted on LanCL1-regulated spermatogenic redox homeostasis. Lab Anim (NY) 2022; 51:133-145. [PMID: 35469022 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-022-00961-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in spermatozoa is a major contributor to male subfertility, which makes it an informed choice to generate animal models of male subfertility with targeted modifications of the antioxidant systems. However, the critical male germ cell-specific antioxidant mechanisms have not been well defined yet. Here we identify LanCL1 as a major male germ cell-specific antioxidant gene, reduced expression of which is related to human male infertility. Mice deficient in LanCL1 display spermatozoal oxidative damage and impaired male fertility. Histopathological studies reveal that LanCL1-mediated antioxidant response is required for mouse testicular homeostasis, from the initiation of spermatogenesis to the maintenance of viability and functionality of male germ cells. Conversely, a mouse model expressing LanCL1 transgene is protected against high-fat-diet/obesity-induced oxidative damage and subfertility. We further show that germ cell-expressed LanCL1, in response to spermatogenic reactive oxygen species, is regulated by transcription factor specific protein 1 (SP1) during spermatogenesis. This study demonstrates a critical role for the SP1-LanCL1 axis in regulating testicular homeostasis and male fertility mediated by redox balance, and provides evidence that LanCL1 genetically modified mice have attractive applications as animal models of male subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Yang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huan Gong
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiyue Cao
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xia He
- Clinical Laboratory of the People's Hospital of Ya'an, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Xueyao Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bin Mu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yiyuan Cui
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mina Chen
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
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17
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Zou YF, Li CY, Fu YP, Feng X, Peng X, Feng B, Li LX, Jia RY, Huang C, Song X, Lv C, Ye G, Zhao L, Li YP, Zhao XH, Yin LZ, Yin ZQ. Restorative Effects of Inulin From Codonopsis pilosula on Intestinal Mucosal Immunity, Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Gut Microbiota of Immunosuppressed Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:786141. [PMID: 35237158 PMCID: PMC8882912 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.786141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An inulin (CPPF), isolated from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine Codonopsis pilosula, was characterized and demonstrated with potential prebiotic activity in vitro before. Based on its non-digested feature, the intestinal mucosa and microbiota modulatory effects in vivo on immunosuppressed mice were investigated after oral administration of 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg of CPPF for 7 days. It was demonstrated that the secretions of sIgA and mucin 2 (Muc2) in ileum were improved by CPPF, and the anti-inflammatory activities in different intestine parts were revealed. The intestine before colon could be the target active position of CPPF. As a potential prebiotic substance, a gut microbiota restorative effect was also presented by mainly modulating the relative abundance of Eubacteriales, including Oscillibacter, unidentified Ruminococcus and Lachnospiraceae after high-throughput pyrosequencing of V4 region of 16S rRNA analysis. All these results indicated that this main bioactive ingredient inulin from C. pilosula was a medicinal prebiotic with enhancing mucosal immune, anti-inflammatory and microbiota modulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Feng Zou, ; Zhong-Qiong Yin,
| | - Cen-Yu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Ping Li
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Zi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Feng Zou, ; Zhong-Qiong Yin,
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18
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Hensley K, Danekas A, Farrell W, Garcia T, Mehboob W, White M. At the intersection of sulfur redox chemistry, cellular signal transduction and proteostasis: A useful perspective from which to understand and treat neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:161-173. [PMID: 34863876 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although we can thoroughly describe individual neurodegenerative diseases from the molecular level through cell biology to histology and clinical presentation, our understanding of them and hence treatment gains have been depressingly limited, partly due to difficulty conceptualizing different diseases as variations within the same overarching pathological rubric. This review endeavors to create such rubric by knitting together the seemingly disparate phenomena of oxidative stress, dysregulated proteostasis, and neuroinflammation into a cohesive triad that highlights mechanistic connectivities. We begin by considering that brain metabolic demands necessitate careful control of oxidative homeostasis, largely through sulfur redox chemistry and glutathione (GSH). GSH is essential for brain antioxidant defense, but also for redox signaling and thus neuroinflammation. Delicate regulation of neuroinflammatory pathways (NFκB, MAPK-p38, and NLRP3 particularly) occurs through S-glutathionylation of protein phosphatases but also through redox-sensing elements like ASK1; the 26S proteasome and cysteine deubiquitinases (DUBs). The relationship amongst triad elements is underscored by our discovery that LanCL1 (lanthionine synthetase-like protein-1) protects against oxidant toxicity; mediates GSH-dependent reactivation of oxidized DUBs; and antagonizes the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). We highlight currently promising pharmacological efforts to modulate key triad elements and suggest nexus points that might be exploited to further clinical advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA.
| | - Alexis Danekas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - William Farrell
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Tiera Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Wafa Mehboob
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Matthew White
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
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19
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Jia L, Liao M, Mou A, Zheng Q, Yang W, Yu Z, Cui Y, Xia X, Qin Y, Chen M, Xiao B. Rheb-regulated mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism of Schwann cells linked to axon stability. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2980-2994.e6. [PMID: 34619097 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic coupling of Schwann cells (SCs) and peripheral axons is poorly understood. Few molecules in SCs are known to regulate axon stability. Using SC-specific Rheb knockout mice, we demonstrate that Rheb-regulated mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism is critical for SC-mediated non-cell-autonomous regulation of peripheral axon stability. Rheb knockout suppresses pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity (independently of mTORC1) and shifts pyruvate metabolism toward lactate production in SCs. The increased lactate causes age-dependent peripheral axon degeneration, affecting peripheral nerve function. Lactate, as an energy substrate and a potential signaling molecule, enhanced neuronal mitochondrial metabolism and energy production of peripheral nerves. Albeit beneficial to injured peripheral axons in the short term, we show that persistently increased lactate metabolism of neurons enhances ROS production, eventually damaging mitochondria, neuroenergetics, and axon stability. This study highlights the complex roles of lactate metabolism to peripheral axons and the importance of lactate homeostasis in preserving peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Jia
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Maoxing Liao
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Aidi Mou
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhen Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongyan Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyuan Cui
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xia
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Qin
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Mina Chen
- Neuroscience & Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Spinelli S, Begani G, Guida L, Magnone M, Galante D, D'Arrigo C, Scotti C, Iamele L, De Jonge H, Zocchi E, Sturla L. LANCL1 binds abscisic acid and stimulates glucose transport and mitochondrial respiration in muscle cells via the AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt1 pathway. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101263. [PMID: 34098144 PMCID: PMC8237609 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone also present and active in animals. In mammals, ABA regulates blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin-independent glucose uptake and metabolism in adipocytes and myocytes through its receptor LANCL2. The objective of this study was to investigate whether another member of the LANCL protein family, LANCL1, also behaves as an ABA receptor and, if so, which functional effects are mediated by LANCL1. METHODS ABA binding to human recombinant LANCL1 was explored by equilibrium-binding experiments with [3H]ABA, circular dichroism, and surface plasmon resonance. Rat L6 myoblasts overexpressing either LANCL1 or LANCL2, or silenced for the expression of both proteins, were used to investigate the basal and ABA-stimulated transport of a fluorescent glucose analog (NBDG) and the signaling pathway downstream of the LANCL proteins using Western blot and qPCR analysis. Finally, glucose tolerance and sensitivity to ABA were compared in LANCL2-/- and wild-type (WT) siblings. RESULTS Human recombinant LANCL1 binds ABA with a Kd between 1 and 10 μM, depending on the assay (i.e., in a concentration range that lies between the low and high-affinity ABA binding sites of LANCL2). In L6 myoblasts, LANCL1 and LANCL2 similarly, i) stimulate both basal and ABA-triggered NBDG uptake (4-fold), ii) activate the transcription and protein expression of the glucose transporters GLUT4 and GLUT1 (4-6-fold) and the signaling proteins AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt1 (2-fold), iii) stimulate mitochondrial respiration (5-fold) and the expression of the skeletal muscle (SM) uncoupling proteins sarcolipin (3-fold) and UCP3 (12-fold). LANCL2-/- mice have a reduced glucose tolerance compared to WT. They spontaneously overexpress LANCL1 in the SM and respond to chronic ABA treatment (1 μg/kg body weight/day) with an improved glycemia response to glucose load and an increased SM transcription of GLUT4 and GLUT1 (20-fold) of the AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt1 pathway and sarcolipin, UCP3, and NAMPT (4- to 6-fold). CONCLUSIONS LANCL1 behaves as an ABA receptor with a somewhat lower affinity for ABA than LANCL2 but with overlapping effector functions: stimulating glucose uptake and the expression of muscle glucose transporters and mitochondrial uncoupling and respiration via the AMPK/PGC-1α/Sirt1 pathway. Receptor redundancy may have been advantageous in animal evolution, given the role of the ABA/LANCL system in the insulin-independent stimulation of cell glucose uptake and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Spinelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Giulia Begani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Guida
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Magnone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Denise Galante
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, National Research Council, Via De Marini 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina D'Arrigo
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, National Research Council, Via De Marini 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia Scotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Ardis Srl, Via Taramelli 24, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Iamele
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Ardis Srl, Via Taramelli 24, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hugo De Jonge
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Ardis Srl, Via Taramelli 24, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Zocchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Laura Sturla
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
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21
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Lai KY, Galan SRG, Zeng Y, Zhou TH, He C, Raj R, Riedl J, Liu S, Chooi KP, Garg N, Zeng M, Jones LH, Hutchings GJ, Mohammed S, Nair SK, Chen J, Davis BG, van der Donk WA. LanCLs add glutathione to dehydroamino acids generated at phosphorylated sites in the proteome. Cell 2021; 184:2680-2695.e26. [PMID: 33932340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediated damage repair or mitigation, while common for nucleic acids, is rare for proteins. Examples of protein damage are elimination of phosphorylated Ser/Thr to dehydroalanine/dehydrobutyrine (Dha/Dhb) in pathogenesis and aging. Bacterial LanC enzymes use Dha/Dhb to form carbon-sulfur linkages in antimicrobial peptides, but the functions of eukaryotic LanC-like (LanCL) counterparts are unknown. We show that LanCLs catalyze the addition of glutathione to Dha/Dhb in proteins, driving irreversible C-glutathionylation. Chemo-enzymatic methods were developed to site-selectively incorporate Dha/Dhb at phospho-regulated sites in kinases. In human MAPK-MEK1, such "elimination damage" generated aberrantly activated kinases, which were deactivated by LanCL-mediated C-glutathionylation. Surveys of endogenous proteins bearing damage from elimination (the eliminylome) also suggest it is a source of electrophilic reactivity. LanCLs thus remove these reactive electrophiles and their potentially dysregulatory effects from the proteome. As knockout of LanCL in mice can result in premature death, repair of this kind of protein damage appears important physiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sébastien R G Galan
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yibo Zeng
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Tianhui Hina Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chang He
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ritu Raj
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jitka Riedl
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - K Phin Chooi
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Neha Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lyn H Jones
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 360 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Benjamin G Davis
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK.
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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22
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Artificial intelligence and leukocyte epigenomics: Evaluation and prediction of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248375. [PMID: 33788842 PMCID: PMC8011726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the utility of leucocyte epigenomic-biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) detection and elucidates its molecular pathogeneses. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip array in 24 late-onset AD (LOAD) and 24 cognitively healthy subjects. Data were analyzed using six Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies including Deep Learning (DL) followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used for AD prediction. We identified 152 significantly (FDR p<0.05) differentially methylated intragenic CpGs in 171 distinct genes in AD patients compared to controls. All AI platforms accurately predicted AD with AUCs ≥0.93 using 283,143 intragenic and 244,246 intergenic/extragenic CpGs. DL had an AUC = 0.99 using intragenic CpGs, with both sensitivity and specificity being 97%. High AD prediction was also achieved using intergenic/extragenic CpG sites (DL significance value being AUC = 0.99 with 97% sensitivity and specificity). Epigenetically altered genes included CR1L & CTSV (abnormal morphology of cerebral cortex), S1PR1 (CNS inflammation), and LTB4R (inflammatory response). These genes have been previously linked with AD and dementia. The differentially methylated genes CTSV & PRMT5 (ventricular hypertrophy and dilation) are linked to cardiovascular disease and of interest given the known association between impaired cerebral blood flow, cardiovascular disease, and AD. We report a novel, minimally invasive approach using peripheral blood leucocyte epigenomics, and AI analysis to detect AD and elucidate its pathogenesis.
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23
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Zou YF, Chen M, Fu YP, Zhu ZK, Zhang YY, Paulsen BS, Rise F, Chen YL, Yang YZ, Jia RY, Li LX, Song X, Tang HQ, Feng B, Lv C, Ye G, Wu DT, Yin ZQ, Huang C. Characterization of an antioxidant pectic polysaccharide from Platycodon grandiflorus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:473-480. [PMID: 33571586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Platycodonis Radix is widely used as homology of medicine and food in China; polysaccharides are thought to be one of its functional constituents. In this study, a pectic polysaccharide, PGP-I-I, was obtained from the root of the traditional medicine plant Platycodon grandiflorus through ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. This was characterized being mainly composed of 1,5-α-L-arabinan and both arabinogalactan type I (AG-I) and II chains linked to rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone linked to longer galacturonan chains. In vitro bioactivity study showed that PGP-I-I could restore the intestinal cellular antioxidant defense under the condition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment through promoting the expressions of cellular antioxidant genes and protect against oxidative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mengsi Chen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Section Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Area Pharmacognosy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Zhong-Kai Zhu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yan-Yun Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Berit Smestad Paulsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Area Pharmacognosy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Rise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yu-Long Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Ecological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China.
| | - Yong-Zhi Yang
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Ecological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Hua-Qiao Tang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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24
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Downey A, Olcott M, Spector D, Bird K, Ter Doest A, Pierce Z, Quach E, Sparks S, Super C, Naifeh J, Powers A, White M, Hensley K. Stable knockout of lanthionine synthase C-like protein-1 (LanCL1) from HeLa cells indicates a role for LanCL1 in redox regulation of deubiquitinating enzymes. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:115-124. [PMID: 33049334 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lanthionine synthase C-like protein-1 (LanCL1) is a glutathione (GSH)-binding protein of uncertain function, widely expressed in mammalian cells. Recent data suggests that LanCL1 has glutathione S-transferase (GST)-like activity, while other reports claim that LanCL1 suppresses mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. In the present study, recombinant human LanCL1 had less than 10% the specific activity of GST. When CRISPR-Cas9 was used to stably ablate LanCL1 from HeLa cells, the resulting line was sensitized to H2O2 toxicity. [GSH], [GSSG], [GSH]/[GSSG] and GST activity were unaltered by LanCL1 knockout but glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly elevated. LanCL1-KO cells did not differ in basal or H2O2-induced p38-MAPK, ERK p42/p44 or JNK phosphorylation; however, MAPK-targeted transcription factor regulators c-Jun and IκBα were significantly decreased. Because c-Jun and IκBα levels are ubiquitin regulated, experiments addressed the hypothesis that LanCL1 affects ubiquitination dynamics. In the presence of the 26S proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, ubiquitinated proteins accumulated faster in LanCL1-KO cells, suggesting that LanCL1 positively regulates deubiquitination. The activity of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH), a major deubiquitinase (DUB) subclass, was significantly decreased in LanCL1-KO cells while protein levels of A20/TNFAIP3, USP9X and USP10 DUBs were significantly reduced. UCH activity in HeLa cell lysates was lost upon treatment with H2O2 and significantly recovered by addition of recombinant LanCL1 plus GSH. Taken together these data suggest that LanCL1 likely does not act as a GST-like enzyme in vivo, but rather modulates ubiquitin-dependent cell signaling pathways through positive regulation of redox-sensitive DUBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Downey
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Melissa Olcott
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Daniel Spector
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Kayla Bird
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | | | - Zachary Pierce
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Evan Quach
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Sawyer Sparks
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Christa Super
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Jefferey Naifeh
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Andrea Powers
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Matthew White
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - Kenneth Hensley
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA.
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25
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Zhang F, Qi N, Zeng Y, Bao M, Chen Y, Liao J, Wei L, Cao D, Huang S, Luo Q, Jiang Y, Mo Z. The Endogenous Alterations of the Gut Microbiota and Feces Metabolites Alleviate Oxidative Damage in the Brain of LanCL1 Knockout Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:557342. [PMID: 33117306 PMCID: PMC7575697 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.557342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered composition of the gut microbiota has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases. LanCL1 has been proven to protect neurons and reduce oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate alterations of the gut microbiota in LanCL1 knockout mice and to study the interactions between gut bacteria and the brain. Wild-type and LanCL1 knockout mice on a normal chow diet were evaluated at 4 and 8-9 weeks of age. 16s rRNA sequence and untargeted metabolomics analyses were performed to investigate changes in the gut microbiota and feces metabolites. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, AB-PAS staining, and a TUNEL assay were performed to detect alterations in the gut and brain of knockout mice. The serum cytokines of 9-week-old knockout mice, which were detected by a multiplex cytokine assay, were significantly increased. In the central nervous system, there was no increase of antioxidant defense genes even though there was only low activity of glutathione S-transferase in the brain of 8-week-old knockout mice. Interestingly, the gut tight junctions, zonula occludens-1 and occludin, also displayed a downregulated expression level in 8-week-old knockout mice. On the contrary, the production of mucus increased in 8-week-old knockout mice. Moreover, the compositions of the gut microbiota and feces metabolites markedly changed in 8-week-old knockout mice but not in 4-week-old mice. Linear discriminant analysis and t-tests identified Akkermansia as a specific abundant bacteria in knockout mice. Quite a few feces metabolites that have protective effects on the brain were reduced in 8-week-old knockout mice. However, N-acetylsphingosine was the most significant downregulated feces metabolite, which may cause the postponement of neuronal apoptosis. To further investigate the effect of the gut microbiota, antibiotics treatment was given to both types of mice from 5 to 11 weeks of age. After treatment, a significant increase of oxidative damage in the brain of knockout mice was observed, which may have been alleviated by the gut microbiota before. In conclusion, alterations of the gut microbiota and feces metabolites alleviated oxidative damage to the brain of LanCL1 knockout mice, revealing that an endogenous feedback loop mechanism of the microbiota-gut-brain axis maintains systemic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxing Zhang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nana Qi
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Mengying Bao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinling Liao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Luyun Wei
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Dehao Cao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shengzhu Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
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26
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Tang R, Wu Z, Lu F, Wang C, Wu B, Wang J, Zhu Y. Identification of Critical Pathways and Hub Genes in LanCL1-Overexpressed Prostate Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7653-7664. [PMID: 32821124 PMCID: PMC7423411 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s252958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in urology, especially in developed countries. Our previous studies showed that Lanthionine synthase C-like protein 1 (LanCL1) can promote the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and protect cells from oxidative stress. Also, LanCL1 protects cells by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway after H2O2 treatment. Materials and Methods In our study, we analyzed the data of RNA-seq to identify the DEGs after LanCL1 overexpression. We performed a functional enrichment analysis with gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and a database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID). We also identified the critical hub gene correlated with disease prognosis by Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 8928 DEGs were identified. Through the analysis of GO and KEGG, we found that DEGs are significantly enriched in categories related to metabolism, cancer-related signaling pathways, and inflammation. The top 15 hub genes were then identified and ranked by degree from the protein–protein interaction network. Survival analysis showed 4 hub genes related to disease prognosis and ICAM1 expression is an independent risk factor for the prognosis. Conclusion Our results suggest the critical genes and pathways that might play key roles after LanCL1 overexpression in prostate cancer. We also provide candidate gene targets that might play important roles in prostate cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Tang
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeming Wu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqing Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Shi L, Huang C, Luo Q, Xia Y, Liu W, Zeng W, Cheng A, Shi R, Zhengli C. Clioquinol improves motor and non-motor deficits in MPTP-induced monkey model of Parkinson's disease through AKT/mTOR pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9515-9533. [PMID: 32424108 PMCID: PMC7288933 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research into the pathology mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), disease-modifying therapy of PD is scarce. Thus, searching for new drugs or more effective neurosurgical treatments has elicited much interest. Clioquinol (CQ) has been shown to have therapeutic benefits in rodent models of neurodegenerative disorders. However, it’s neuroprotective role and mechanisms in PD primate models and PD patients, especially in the advanced stages, are not fully understood. Furthermore, issues such as spontaneous recovery of motor function and high symptom variability in different monkeys after the same toxic protocol, has not been resolved before the present study. In this study, we designed a chronic and long-term progressive protocol to generate a stabilized PD monkey model showed with classic motor and non-motor deficits, followed by treatment analysis of CQ. We found that CQ could remarkably improve the motor and non-motor deficits, which were based on the reduction of iron content and ROS level in the SN and further improvement in pathology. Meanwhile, we also showed that ferroptosis was probably involved in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, the study shows a positive effect of CQ on AKT/mTOR survival pathway and a blocking effect on p53 medicated cell death in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqin Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Sichuan Primed Biological Technology Co., Ltd, National Experimental Macaque Reproduce Laboratory, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chen Zhengli
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
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28
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Shen D, Hensley K, Denton TT. An overview of sulfur-containing compounds originating from natural metabolites: Lanthionine ketimine and its analogues. Anal Biochem 2019; 591:113543. [PMID: 31862405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dunxin Shen
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 412 East Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Sciences, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, 7000 Chad Colley Blvd, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Travis T Denton
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 412 East Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA.
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29
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Helios modulates the maturation of a CA1 neuronal subpopulation required for spatial memory formation. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113095. [PMID: 31712124 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, molecular, electrophysiological and structural studies delineate several neural subtypes in the hippocampus. However, the precise developmental mechanisms that lead to this diversity are still unknown. Here we show that alterations in a concrete hippocampal neuronal subpopulation during development specifically affect hippocampal-dependent spatial memory. We observed that the genetic deletion of the transcription factor Helios in mice, which is specifically expressed in developing hippocampal calbindin-positive CA1 pyramidal neurons (CB-CA1-PNs), induces adult alterations affecting spatial memory. In the same mice, CA3-CA1 synaptic plasticity and spine density and morphology in adult CB-CA1-PNs were severely compromised. RNAseq experiments in developing hippocampus identified an aberrant increase on the Visinin-like protein 1 (VSNL1) expression in the hippocampi devoid of Helios. This aberrant increase on VSNL1 levels was localized in the CB-CA1-PNs. Normalization of VSNL1 levels in CB-CA1-PNs devoid of Helios rescued their spine loss in vitro. Our study identifies a novel and specific developmental molecular pathway involved in the maturation and function of a CA1 pyramidal neuronal subtype.
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30
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Huang C, Ma W, Luo Q, Shi L, Xia Y, Lao C, Liu W, Zou Y, Cheng A, Shi R, Chen Z. Iron overload resulting from the chronic oral administration of ferric citrate induces parkinsonism phenotypes in middle-aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9846-9861. [PMID: 31699955 PMCID: PMC6874424 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron homeostasis is critical for maintaining normal brain physiological functions, and its mis-regulation can cause neurotoxicity and play a part in the development of many neurodegenerative disorders. The high incidence of iron deficiency makes iron supplementation a trend, and ferric citrate is a commonly used iron supplement. In this study, we found that the chronic oral administration of ferric citrate (2.5 mg/day and 10 mg/day) for 16 weeks selectively induced iron accumulation in the corpus striatum (CPu), substantia nigra (SN) and hippocampus, which typically caused parkinsonism phenotypes in middle-aged mice. Histopathological analysis showed that apoptosis- and oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration and dopaminergic neuronal loss occurred in the brain, and behavioral tests showed that defects in the locomotor and cognitive functions of these mice developed. Our research provides a new perspective for ferric citrate as a food additive or in clinical applications and suggests a new potential approach to develop animal models for Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Chengjie Lao
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
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LanCL1 promotes motor neuron survival and extends the lifespan of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1369-1382. [PMID: 31570855 PMCID: PMC7206132 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons. Improving neuronal survival in ALS remains a significant challenge. Previously, we identified Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 1 (LanCL1) as a neuronal antioxidant defense gene, the genetic deletion of which causes apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brain. Here, we report in vivo data using the transgenic SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS indicating that CNS-specific expression of LanCL1 transgene extends lifespan, delays disease onset, decelerates symptomatic progression, and improves motor performance of SOD1G93A mice. Conversely, CNS-specific deletion of LanCL1 leads to neurodegenerative phenotypes, including motor neuron loss, neuroinflammation, and oxidative damage. Analysis reveals that LanCL1 is a positive regulator of AKT activity, and LanCL1 overexpression restores the impaired AKT activity in ALS model mice. These findings indicate that LanCL1 regulates neuronal survival through an alternative mechanism, and suggest a new therapeutic target in ALS.
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LanCL1 attenuates ischemia-induced oxidative stress by Sirt3-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:216-223. [PMID: 30075199 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 1 (LanCL1) is homologous to prokaryotic lanthionine cyclases, and has been shown to have novel functions in neuronal redox homeostasis. A recent study showed that LanCL1 expression was developmental and activity-dependent regulated, and LanCL1 transgene protected neurons against oxidative stress. In the present study, the potential protective effects of LanCL1 against ischemia was investigated in an in vitro model mimicked by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in neuronal HT22 cells. We found that OGD exposure induced a temporal increase and persistent decreases in the expression of LanCL1 at both mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of LanCL1 by lentivirus (LV-LanCL1) transfection preserved cell viability, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and attenuated apoptosis after OGD. These protective effects were accompanied by decreased protein radical formation, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, LanCL1 significantly stimulated mitochondrial enzyme activities and SOD2 deacetylation in a Sirt3-dependent manner. The results of western blot analysis showed that LanCL1-induced activation of Sirt3 was dependent on Akt-PGC-1α pathway. Knockdown of PGC-1α expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or blocking Akt activation using specific antagonist partially prevented the protective effects of LanCL1 in HT22 cells. Taken together, our results show that LanCL1 protects against OGD through activating the Akt-PGC-1α-Sirt3 pathway, and may have potential therapeutic value for ischemic stroke.
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33
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Dutta D, Lai KY, Reyes-Ordoñez A, Chen J, van der Donk WA. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) is important for adipogenic differentiation. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1433-1445. [PMID: 29880530 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m085274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation is a highly regulated process that is necessary for metabolic homeostasis and nutrient sensing. The expression of PPARγ and the subsequent activation of adipogenic genes is critical for the process. In this study, we identified lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) as a positive regulator of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Knockdown of LanCL2, but not LanCL1, inhibited adipogenic differentiation, and this effect was not mediated through cAMP or Akt signaling pathways. The expression of early adipogenic markers CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPδ remained intact in LanCL2 knockdown cells, but levels of late adipogenic markers PPARγ and C/EBPα were suppressed. The addition of the naturally occurring PPARγ activator 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 or conditioned medium from differentiating cells did not restore differentiation, implying that LanCL2 may not be involved in the production of a secreted endogenous PPARγ ligand. Pulldown assays demonstrated a direct physical interaction between LanCL2 and PPARγ. Consistent with a regulatory role of LanCL2, luciferase reporter assays revealed that full transcriptional activation by PPARγ was dependent on LanCL2. Taken together, our study reveals a novel role of LanCL2 in adipogenesis, specifically involved in PPARγ-mediated transactivation of downstream adipogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Adriana Reyes-Ordoñez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
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34
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Westphal DS, Andres S, Makowski C, Meitinger T, Hoefele J. MAP2 - A Candidate Gene for Epilepsy, Developmental Delay and Behavioral Abnormalities in a Patient With Microdeletion 2q34. Front Genet 2018; 9:99. [PMID: 29632546 PMCID: PMC5879085 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Microdeletions in the chromosomal region 2q34 and its neighboring regions lead to a phenotypic spectrum including autism, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Up to now, only few affected patients have been reported. Therefore, the genetic pathogenesis is not completely understood. One of the most discussed candidate genes in this context is MAP2, a gene responsible for microtubule polymerization and neurite outgrowth. Materials and Methods: We present a 4.5-year-old male patient with epilepsy, mild developmental delay, and behavioral abnormalities. SNP-Array analysis was performed to search for pathogenic copy number variations. Results: SNP-Array analysis revealed a 1.5 Mb de novo microdeletion on the long arm of chromosome 2 (2q34). The identified microdeletion included the candidate genes UNC80, LANCL1, and most importantly MAP2. Discussion: The reported microdeletion identified in this patient is the smallest one described in the literature so far spanning MAP2 next to UNC80 and LANCL1. In this context MAP2 is the most important candidate gene concerning neuronal development and its function should be further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik S Westphal
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Andres
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Makowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Hoefele
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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35
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Wang J, Xiao Q, Chen X, Tong S, Sun J, Lv R, Wang S, Gou Y, Tan L, Xu J, Fan C, Ding G. LanCL1 protects prostate cancer cells from oxidative stress via suppression of JNK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:197. [PMID: 29416001 PMCID: PMC5833716 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in male. Numerous studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression, aiming at developing new therapeutic strategies. Here we describe Lanthionine synthase C-like protein 1 (LanCL1), a member of the LanCL family, is a potential prostate cancer susceptibility gene. LanCL1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation and helps protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. Suppression of LanCL1 by siRNA results in increased cancer cell apoptosis. Clinical data also indicate that LanCL1 upregulation in human prostate cancers correlates with tumor progression. Finally, we demonstrate that LanCL1 plays such important role through inhibiting JNK pathway. Altogether, our results suggest that LanCL1 protects cells from oxidative stress, and promotes cell proliferation. LanCL1 reduces cell death via suppression of JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 26 Daoqian Rd, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Qianyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijun Tong
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruitu Lv
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqing Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuancheng Gou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Tan
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caibin Fan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 26 Daoqian Rd, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Guanxiong Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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36
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Chupani L, Niksirat H, Lünsmann V, Haange SB, von Bergen M, Jehmlich N, Zuskova E. Insight into the modulation of intestinal proteome of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after dietary exposure to ZnO nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:62-71. [PMID: 28898813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in industrial and consumer products. Therefore understanding their interaction with biological systems is key to their safe application. Proteomics was applied to assess the sub-lethal effects of dietary ZnO NPs on two parts of carp intestine, the intestinal folds and the muscular parts. A commercial carp feed containing 500mgkg-1 of ZnO NPs was fed to fish for six weeks. The abundances of 32 proteins in the treated intestinal folds were significantly changed and in addition, 28 proteins were significantly changed in the muscular parts. Pathways analysis revealed downregulation of pathways attributed to protein synthesis in both parts of the treated intestine. Remodelling of actin cytoskeleton pathways were regulated positively and negatively in intestinal folds and muscular parts, respectively, albeit via different mechanisms. Apoptosis response was indicated in exposed intestinal folds, whereas elevated levels of protein associated with cancerous cell survival were observed in the muscular parts. Results showed that ZnO NPs affected the protein abundances associated with cell motility, immune system response, oxidative stress response, as well as cell metabolism. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006867.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifeh Chupani
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Hamid Niksirat
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vanessa Lünsmann
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eliska Zuskova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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37
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Marangoni N, Kowal K, Deliu Z, Hensley K, Feinstein DL. Neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of Lanthionine Ketimine Ester. Neurosci Lett 2017; 664:28-33. [PMID: 29128626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lanthionine ketimine ethyl ester (LKE) is a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid lanthionine ketimine. We previously showed that LKE reduced clinical signs in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) associated with reductions in axonal damage; however, whether LKE has direct beneficial actions on mammalian neuronal cells was not examined. In the current study, we tested the effects of LKE in SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells and in primary mouse cerebellar granule neurons. In both cell types, LKE dose-dependently reduced the cell death that occurred spontaneously followed a change in media. LKE also reduced cell death due to glutamate excitoxicity, accompanied by a reduction in production of reactive oxygen species. LKE induced neuritogenesis in both undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells and in primary neuron, increasing process numbers and lengths. These results demonstrate that direct neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of LKE likely contribute to its beneficial actions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Marangoni
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Kathy Kowal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Zane Deliu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Science, Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AK 72916, United States
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Department of Veterans Affairs, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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38
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Huang C, Cao X, Chen X, Fu Y, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Luo Q, Li L, Song X, Jia R, Yin Z, Feng B, Zou Y. A pectic polysaccharide from Ligusticum chuanxiong promotes intestine antioxidant defense in aged mice. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:915-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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A Pectic Polysaccharide from Sijunzi Decoction Promotes the Antioxidant Defenses of SW480 Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081341. [PMID: 28805701 PMCID: PMC6152311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a formula used for the treatment of spleen deficiency and gastrointestinal diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Polysaccharides are reported to be the main components of SJZD responsible for its bio-functions. However, highly purified and clearly characterized polysaccharides from SJZD are not well described. Here we obtained a purified polysaccharide (SJZDP-II-I) from SJZD using ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Structure analysis by FT-IR and NMR identified SJZDP-II-I as a typical pectic polysaccharide with homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan type I regions and arabinogalactan type I and II as side chains. In vitro studies indicated that SJZDP-II-I treatment could significantly enhance the total antioxidant capacity of SW480 cells, resulting from the promoted expressions of antioxidant enzymes and their master regulator PGC-1α, which would be valuable for further research and applications.
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40
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Pfisterer U, Khodosevich K. Neuronal survival in the brain: neuron type-specific mechanisms. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2643. [PMID: 28252642 PMCID: PMC5386560 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenic regions of mammalian brain produce many more neurons that will eventually survive and reach a mature stage. Developmental cell death affects both embryonically produced immature neurons and those immature neurons that are generated in regions of adult neurogenesis. Removal of substantial numbers of neurons that are not yet completely integrated into the local circuits helps to ensure that maturation and homeostatic function of neuronal networks in the brain proceed correctly. External signals from brain microenvironment together with intrinsic signaling pathways determine whether a particular neuron will die. To accommodate this signaling, immature neurons in the brain express a number of transmembrane factors as well as intracellular signaling molecules that will regulate the cell survival/death decision, and many of these factors cease being expressed upon neuronal maturation. Furthermore, pro-survival factors and intracellular responses depend on the type of neuron and region of the brain. Thus, in addition to some common neuronal pro-survival signaling, different types of neurons possess a variety of 'neuron type-specific' pro-survival constituents that might help them to adapt for survival in a certain brain region. This review focuses on how immature neurons survive during normal and impaired brain development, both in the embryonic/neonatal brain and in brain regions associated with adult neurogenesis, and emphasizes neuron type-specific mechanisms that help to survive for various types of immature neurons. Importantly, we mainly focus on in vivo data to describe neuronal survival specifically in the brain, without extrapolating data obtained in the PNS or spinal cord, and thus emphasize the influence of the complex brain environment on neuronal survival during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Pfisterer
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantin Khodosevich
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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41
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LanCL proteins are not Involved in Lanthionine Synthesis in Mammals. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40980. [PMID: 28106097 PMCID: PMC5247676 DOI: 10.1038/srep40980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
LanC-like (LanCL) proteins are mammalian homologs of bacterial LanC enzymes, which catalyze the addition of the thiol of Cys to dehydrated Ser residues during the biosynthesis of lanthipeptides, a class of natural products formed by post-translational modification of precursor peptides. The functions of LanCL proteins are currently unclear. A recent proposal suggested that LanCL1 catalyzes the addition of the Cys of glutathione to protein- or peptide-bound dehydroalanine (Dha) to form lanthionine, analogous to the reaction catalyzed by LanC in bacteria. Lanthionine has been detected in human brain as the downstream metabolite lanthionine ketimine (LK), which has been shown to have neuroprotective effects. In this study, we tested the proposal that LanCL1 is involved in lanthionine biosynthesis by constructing LanCL1 knock-out mice and measuring LK concentrations in their brains using a mass spectrometric detection method developed for this purpose. To investigate whether other LanCL proteins (LanCL2/3) may confer a compensatory effect, triple knock-out (TKO) mice were also generated and tested. Very similar concentrations of LK (0.5–2.5 nmol/g tissue) were found in LanCL1 knock-out, TKO and wild type (WT) mouse brains, suggesting that LanCL proteins are not involved in lanthionine biosynthesis.
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42
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Dong SH, Tang W, Lukk T, Yu Y, Nair SK, van der Donk WA. The enterococcal cytolysin synthetase has an unanticipated lipid kinase fold. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26226635 PMCID: PMC4550811 DOI: 10.7554/elife.07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The enterococcal cytolysin is a virulence factor consisting of two post-translationally modified peptides that synergistically kill human immune cells. Both peptides are made by CylM, a member of the LanM lanthipeptide synthetases. CylM catalyzes seven dehydrations of Ser and Thr residues and three cyclization reactions during the biosynthesis of the cytolysin large subunit. We present here the 2.2 Å resolution structure of CylM, the first structural information on a LanM. Unexpectedly, the structure reveals that the dehydratase domain of CylM resembles the catalytic core of eukaryotic lipid kinases, despite the absence of clear sequence homology. The kinase and phosphate elimination active sites that affect net dehydration are immediately adjacent to each other. Characterization of mutants provided insights into the mechanism of the dehydration process. The structure is also of interest because of the interactions of human homologs of lanthipeptide cyclases with kinases such as mammalian target of rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hui Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Weixin Tang
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Tiit Lukk
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, United States
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
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43
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Expanded natural product diversity revealed by analysis of lanthipeptide-like gene clusters in actinobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:4339-50. [PMID: 25888176 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00635-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lanthionine-containing peptides (lanthipeptides) are a rapidly growing family of polycyclic peptide natural products belonging to the large class of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Lanthipeptides are widely distributed in taxonomically distant species, and their currently known biosynthetic systems and biological activities are diverse. Building on the recent natural product gene cluster family (GCF) project, we report here large-scale analysis of lanthipeptide-like biosynthetic gene clusters from Actinobacteria. Our analysis suggests that lanthipeptide biosynthetic pathways, and by extrapolation the natural products themselves, are much more diverse than currently appreciated and contain many different posttranslational modifications. Furthermore, lanthionine synthetases are much more diverse in sequence and domain topology than currently characterized systems, and they are used by the biosynthetic machineries for natural products other than lanthipeptides. The gene cluster families described here significantly expand the chemical diversity and biosynthetic repertoire of lanthionine-related natural products. Biosynthesis of these novel natural products likely involves unusual and unprecedented biochemistries, as illustrated by several examples discussed in this study. In addition, class IV lanthipeptide gene clusters are shown not to be silent, setting the stage to investigate their biological activities.
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Harris-White ME, Ferbas KG, Johnson MF, Eslami P, Poteshkina A, Venkova K, Christov A, Hensley K. A cell-penetrating ester of the neural metabolite lanthionine ketimine stimulates autophagy through the mTORC1 pathway: Evidence for a mechanism of action with pharmacological implications for neurodegenerative pathologies. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 84:60-8. [PMID: 25779968 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental cellular recycling process vulnerable to compromise in neurodegeneration. We now report that a cell-penetrating neurotrophic and neuroprotective derivative of the central nervous system (CNS) metabolite, lanthionine ketimine (LK), stimulates autophagy in RG2 glioma and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at concentrations within or below pharmacological levels reported in previous mouse studies. Autophagy stimulation was evidenced by increased lipidation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) both in the absence and presence of bafilomycin-A1 which discriminates between effects on autophagic flux versus blockage of autophagy clearance. LKE treatment caused changes in protein level or phosphorylation state of multiple autophagy pathway proteins including mTOR; p70S6 kinase; unc-51-like-kinase-1 (ULK1); beclin-1 and LC3 in a manner essentially identical to effects observed after rapamycin treatment. The LKE site of action was near mTOR because neither LKE nor the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin affected tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) phosphorylation status upstream from mTOR. Confocal immunofluorescence imaging revealed that LKE specifically decreased mTOR (but not TSC2) colocalization with LAMP2(+) lysosomes in RG2 cells, a necessary event for mTORC1-mediated autophagy suppression, whereas rapamycin had no effect. Suppression of the LK-binding adaptor protein CRMP2 (collapsin response mediator protein-2) by means of shRNA resulted in diminished autophagy flux, suggesting that the LKE action on mTOR localization may occur through a novel mechanism involving CRMP2-mediated intracellular trafficking. These findings clarify the mechanism-of-action for LKE in preclinical models of CNS disease, while suggesting possible roles for natural lanthionine metabolites in regulating CNS autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni E Harris-White
- Veterans Administration-Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kathie G Ferbas
- Veterans Administration-Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, USA; Pepperdine University, Seaver College, Natural Sciences Division, Malibu, CA, USA
| | - Ming F Johnson
- Veterans Administration-Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Pirooz Eslami
- Veterans Administration-Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Kalina Venkova
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Alexandar Christov
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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45
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Hensley K, Denton TT. Alternative functions of the brain transsulfuration pathway represent an underappreciated aspect of brain redox biochemistry with significant potential for therapeutic engagement. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 78:123-34. [PMID: 25463282 PMCID: PMC4280296 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scientific appreciation for the subtlety of brain sulfur chemistry has lagged, despite understanding that the brain must maintain high glutathione (GSH) to protect against oxidative stress in tissue that has both a high rate of oxidative respiration and a high content of oxidation-prone polyunsaturated fatty acids. In fact, the brain was long thought to lack a complete transsulfuration pathway (TSP) for cysteine synthesis. It is now clear that not only does the brain possess a functional TSP, but brain TSP enzymes catalyze a rich array of alternative reactions that generate novel species including the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the atypical amino acid lanthionine (Lan). Moreover, TSP intermediates can be converted to unusual cyclic ketimines via transamination. Cell-penetrating derivatives of one such compound, lanthionine ketimine (LK), have potent antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and antineuroinflammatory actions and mitigate diverse neurodegenerative conditions in preclinical rodent models. This review will explore the source and function of alternative TSP products, and lanthionine-derived metabolites in particular. The known biological origins of lanthionine and its ketimine metabolite will be described in detail and placed in context with recent discoveries of a GSH- and LK-binding brain protein called LanCL1 that is proving essential for neuronal antioxidant defense; and a related LanCL2 homolog now implicated in immune sensing and cell fate determinations. The review will explore possible endogenous functions of lanthionine metabolites and will discuss the therapeutic potential of lanthionine ketimine derivatives for mitigating diverse neurological conditions including Alzheimer׳s disease, stroke, motor neuron disease, and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Pathology and Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| | - Travis T Denton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99201, USA.
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46
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van der Donk WA, Nair SK. Structure and mechanism of lanthipeptide biosynthetic enzymes. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2014; 29:58-66. [PMID: 25460269 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lanthipeptides are members of the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products. They contain thioether crosslinks generated by dehydration of Ser and Thr residues followed by the addition of the thiol of Cys residues to the dehydroamino acids. Recent studies have revealed unexpected mechanisms of the post-translational modifications, and structural studies have started to provide insights into recognition of the peptide substrates by the modification enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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