1
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Lewis RJ, Hutchings GJ. Selective Oxidation Using In Situ-Generated Hydrogen Peroxide. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:106-119. [PMID: 38116936 PMCID: PMC10765371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for industrial applications is manufactured through an indirect process that relies on the sequential reduction and reoxidation of quinone carriers. While highly effective, production is typically centralized and entails numerous energy-intensive concentration steps. Furthermore, the overhydrogenation of the quinone necessitates periodic replacement, leading to incomplete atom efficiency. These factors, in addition to the presence of propriety stabilizing agents and concerns associated with their separation from product streams, have driven interest in alternative technologies for chemical upgrading. The decoupling of oxidative transformations from commercially synthesized H2O2 may offer significant economic savings and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions for several industrially relevant processes. Indeed, the production and utilization of the oxidant in situ, from the elements, would represent a positive step toward a more sustainable chemical synthesis sector, offering the potential for total atom efficiency, while avoiding the drawbacks associated with current industrial routes, which are inherently linked to commercial H2O2 production. Such interest is perhaps now more pertinent than ever given the rapidly improving viability of green hydrogen production.The application of in situ-generated H2O2 has been a long-standing goal in feedstock valorization, with perhaps the most significant interest placed on propylene epoxidation. Until very recently a viable in situ alternative to current industrial oxidative processes has been lacking, with prior approaches typically hindered by low rates of conversion or poor selectivity toward desired products, often resulting from competitive hydrogenation reactions. Based on over 20 years of research, which has led to the development of catalysts for the direct synthesis of H2O2 that offer high synthesis rates and >99% H2 utilization, we have recently turned our attention to a range of oxidative transformations where H2O2 is generated and utilized in situ. Indeed, we have recently demonstrated that it is possible to rival state-of-the-art industrial processes through in situ H2O2 synthesis, establishing the potential for significant process intensification and considerable decarbonization of the chemical synthesis sector.We have further established the potential of an in situ route to both bulk and fine chemical synthesis through a chemo-catalytic/enzymatic one-pot approach, where H2O2 is synthesized over heterogeneous surfaces and subsequently utilized by a class of unspecific peroxygenase enzymes for C-H bond functionalization. Strikingly, through careful control of the chemo-catalyst, it is possible to ensure that competitive, nonenzymatic pathways are inhibited while also avoiding the regiospecific and selectivity concerns associated with current energy-intensive industrial processes, with further cost savings associated with the operation of the chemo-enzymatic approach at near-ambient temperatures and pressures. Beyond traditional applications of chemo-catalysis, the efficacy of in situ-generated H2O2 (and associated oxygen-based radical species) for the remediation of environmental pollutants has also been a major interest of our laboratory, with such technology offering considerable improvements over conventional disinfection processes.We hope that this Account, which highlights the key contributions of our laboratory to the field over recent years, demonstrates the chemistries that may be unlocked and improved upon via in situ H2O2 synthesis and it inspires broader interest from the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on
the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis
Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on
the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis
Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff
University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
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2
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Daniel I, Kim B, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Lewis RJ, Cline J, Morgan DJ, Bethell D, Kiely CJ, McIntosh S, Hutchings GJ. Electrochemical Polarization of Disparate Catalytic Sites Drives Thermochemical Rate Enhancement. ACS Catal 2023; 13:14189-14198. [PMID: 37942270 PMCID: PMC10631442 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Supported bimetallic catalysts commonly exhibit higher rates of reaction compared to their monometallic counterparts, but the origin of these enhancements is often poorly defined. The recent discovery that cooperative redox enhancement effects in Au-Pd systems promote bimetallic catalysis in thermochemical oxidation is an important development in this field. This effect aligns two important research fields, thermo- and electrocatalysis, but questions relating to the generality and origin of the effect remain. Here, we demonstrate that these effects can be observed in reactions over a range of bimetal combinations and reveal the origin using a combination of electrochemical and material characterization. We disclose that the observed activity enhancement in thermochemical systems is a result of the electrochemical polarization of two disparate catalytic sites. This forms an alternative operating potential for a given bimetallic system that increases the driving force of each of the composite half reactions in oxidative dehydrogenation. We therefore uncover the physicochemical descriptors that dictate whether these enhancement effects will be exhibited by a particular combination of supported metal catalysts and determine the magnitude of the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac
T. Daniel
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Bohyeon Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Joseph Cline
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh
University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Donald Bethell
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh
University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Steven McIntosh
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max
Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis
FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Translational Research Hub, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, U.K.
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3
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Ni F, Richards T, Smith LR, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Lewis RJ, Hutchings GJ. Selective Oxidation of Methane to Methanol via In Situ H 2O 2 Synthesis. ACS Org Inorg Au 2023; 3:177-183. [PMID: 37545660 PMCID: PMC10401884 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The selective oxidation of methane to methanol, using H2O2 generated in situ from the elements, has been investigated using a series of ZSM-5-supported AuPd catalysts of varying elemental composition, prepared via a deposition precipitation protocol. The alloying of Pd with Au was found to offer significantly improved efficacy, compared to that observed over monometallic analogues. Complementary studies into catalytic performance toward the direct synthesis and subsequent degradation of H2O2, under idealized conditions, indicate that methane oxidation efficacy is not directly related to H2O2 production rates, and it is considered that the known ability of Au to promote the release of reactive oxygen species is the underlying cause for the improved performance of the bimetallic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglou Ni
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Richards
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise R. Smith
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell XPS, Didcot OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max
Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous
Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10
3AT, United Kingdom
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4
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Lin R, Kang L, Lisowska K, He W, Zhao S, Hayama S, Hutchings GJ, Brett DJL, Corà F, Parkin IP, He G. Approaching Theoretical Performances of Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Cobalt-Nitrogen Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301433. [PMID: 36947446 PMCID: PMC10962607 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been intensively studied for environmentally benign applications. However, insufficient understanding of ORR 2 e- -pathway mechanism at the atomic level inhibits rational design of catalysts with both high activity and selectivity, causing concerns including catalyst degradation due to Fenton reaction or poor efficiency of H2 O2 electrosynthesis. Herein we show that the generally accepted ORR electrocatalyst design based on a Sabatier volcano plot argument optimises activity but is unable to account for the 2 e- -pathway selectivity. Through electrochemical and operando spectroscopic studies on a series of CoNx /carbon nanotube hybrids, a construction-driven approach based on an extended "dynamic active site saturation" model that aims to create the maximum number of 2 e- ORR sites by directing the secondary ORR electron transfer towards the 2 e- intermediate is proven to be attainable by manipulating O2 hydrogenation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjia Lin
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCATCardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Liqun Kang
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstr. 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College London (UCL)LondonWC1E 7JEUK
| | - Karolina Lisowska
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Weiying He
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstr. 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- University of GöttingenInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryTamannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College London (UCL)LondonWC1E 7JEUK
| | - Shusaku Hayama
- Diamond Light Source LtdDiamond House, Harwell CampusDidcotOX11 0DEUK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCATCardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Dan J. L. Brett
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College London (UCL)LondonWC1E 7JEUK
| | - Furio Corà
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Guanjie He
- Christopher Ingold LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College London (UCL)LondonWC1E 7JEUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnLN6 7TSUK
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5
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Ruiz Esquius J, Morgan DJ, Algara Siller G, Gianolio D, Aramini M, Lahn L, Kasian O, Kondrat SA, Schlögl R, Hutchings GJ, Arrigo R, Freakley SJ. Lithium-Directed Transformation of Amorphous Iridium (Oxy)hydroxides To Produce Active Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6398-6409. [PMID: 36892000 PMCID: PMC10037335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to future energy systems based on water electrolysis. Iridium oxides are promising catalysts due to their resistance to corrosion under acidic and oxidizing conditions. Highly active iridium (oxy)hydroxides prepared using alkali metal bases transform into low activity rutile IrO2 at elevated temperatures (>350 °C) during catalyst/electrode preparation. Depending on the residual amount of alkali metals, we now show that this transformation can result in either rutile IrO2 or nano-crystalline Li-intercalated IrOx. While the transition to rutile results in poor activity, the Li-intercalated IrOx has comparative activity and improved stability when compared to the highly active amorphous material despite being treated at 500 °C. This highly active nanocrystalline form of lithium iridate could be more resistant to industrial procedures to produce PEM membranes and provide a route to stabilize the high populations of redox active sites of amorphous iridium (oxy)hydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Gerardo Algara Siller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diego Gianolio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Matteo Aramini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Leopold Lahn
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Kasian
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon A Kondrat
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Rosa Arrigo
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, U.K
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 2AY, U.K
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6
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Zhao L, Akdim O, Huang X, Wang K, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Lewis RJ, Lin R, Yao B, Morgan DJ, Shaw G, He Q, Bethell D, McIntosh S, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Insights into the Effect of Metal Ratio on Cooperative Redox Enhancement Effects over Au- and Pd-Mediated Alcohol Oxidation. ACS Catal 2023; 13:2892-2903. [PMID: 36910870 PMCID: PMC9990151 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes over supported heterogeneous catalysts can be considered as comprising two complementary and linked processes: dehydrogenation and oxygen reduction. Significant rate enhancements can be observed when these processes are catalyzed by independent active sites, coupled by electron transport between the two catalysts. This effect, termed cooperative redox enhancement (CORE), could significantly influence how researchers approach catalyst design, but a greater understanding of the factors which influence it is required. Herein, we demonstrate that the Au/Pd ratio used in physical mixtures of monometallic catalysts and phase-separated Au and Pd bimetallic catalysts dramatically influences the degree to which CORE effects can promote alcohol oxidation. Perhaps more interestingly, the roles of Au and Pd in this coupled system are determined to be interchangeable. Preliminarily, we hypothesize that this is attributed to the relative rates of the coupled reactions and demonstrate how physical properties can influence this. This deeper understanding of the factors which influence CORE is an important development in bimetallic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Ouardia Akdim
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Xiaoyang Huang
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Kai Wang
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Runjia Lin
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Bingqing Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Greg Shaw
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Qian He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Donald Bethell
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Steven McIntosh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Christopher J Kiely
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck- Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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7
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Lazaridou A, Smith LR, Pattisson S, Dummer NF, Smit JJ, Johnston P, Hutchings GJ. Recognizing the best catalyst for a reaction. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:287-295. [PMID: 37117418 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis is immensely important, providing access to materials essential for the well-being of society, and improved catalysts are continuously required. New catalysts are frequently tested under different conditions making it difficult to determine the best catalyst. Here we describe a general approach to identify the best catalyst using a data set based on all reactions under kinetic control to calculate a set of key performance indicators (KPIs). These KPIs are normalized to take into account the variation in reaction conditions. Plots of the normalized KPIs are then used to demonstrate the best catalyst using two case studies: (i) acetylene hydrochlorination, a reaction of current interest for vinyl chloride manufacture, and (ii) the selective oxidation of methane to methanol using O2 in water, a reaction that has attracted very recent attention in the academic literature.
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8
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Delarmelina M, Dlamini MW, Pattisson S, Davies PR, Hutchings GJ, Catlow CRA. The effect of dissolved chlorides on the photocatalytic degradation properties of titania in wastewater treatment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4161-4176. [PMID: 36655703 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03140j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of chlorides on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol by titania polymorphs (anatase and rutile). We demonstrate how solubilised chlorides can affect the hydroxyl radical formation on both polymorphs with an overall effect on their photodegradative activity. Initially, the photocatalytic activity of anatase and rutile for phenol degradation is investigated in both standard water and brines. With anatase, a significant reduction of the phenol conversion rate is observed (from a pseudo-first-order rate constant k = 5.3 × 10-3 min-1 to k = 3.5 × 10-3 min-1). In contrast, the presence of solubilised chlorides results in enhancement of rutile activity under the same reaction conditions (from 2.3 × 10-3 min-1 to 4.8 × 10-3 min-1). Periodic DFT methods are extensively employed and we show that after the generation of charge separation in the modelled titania systems, adsorbed chlorides are the preferential site for partial hole localisation, although small energy differences are computed between partially localised hole densities over adsorbed chloride or hydroxyl. Moreover, chlorides can reduce or inhibit the ability of r-TiO2 (110) and a-TiO2 (101) systems to localise polarons in the slab structure. These results indicate that both mechanisms - hole scavenging and the inhibition of hole localisation - can be the origin of the effect of chlorides on photocatalytic activity of both titania polymorphs. These results provide fundamental insight into the photocatalytic properties of titania polymorphs and elucidate the effect of adsorbed anions over radical formation and oxidative decomposition of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicon Delarmelina
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. .,UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Mbongiseni W Dlamini
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK.,Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Philip R Davies
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK.,Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK.,Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. .,UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1 HOAJ, UK
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9
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Aikens C, Alloyeau D, Amara H, Amendola V, Amiens C, Andreazza P, Baletto F, Barcikowski S, Bowker M, Calvo F, Chen F, Cottancin E, Ernst WE, Farris R, Ferrando R, Förster GD, Fortunelli A, Front A, Grandjean D, Guesmi H, Hutchings GJ, Janssens E, Jose Yacaman M, Kuttner C, Marceau É, Mariscal MM, Mathiesen JK, McGrady J, Nguyen T, Ntola P, Owen CJ, Paris C, Polak M, Svensson R, Swaminathan S, Treguer-Delapierre M, Quinson J, Zhang Y. Nanoalloy structures and catalysis part 2: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:212-230. [PMID: 36546553 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90086f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Lawes N, Gow IE, Smith LR, Aggett KJ, Hayward JS, Kabalan L, Logsdail AJ, Slater TJA, Dearg M, Morgan DJ, Dummer NF, Taylor SH, Bowker M, Catlow CRA, Hutchings GJ. Methanol synthesis from CO 2 and H 2 using supported Pd alloy catalysts. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:193-211. [PMID: 36189732 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00119e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of Pd based materials have been synthesised and evaluated as catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to methanol, a useful platform chemical and hydrogen storage molecule. Monometallic Pd catalysts show poor methanol selectivity, but this is improved through the formation of Pd alloys, with both PdZn and PdGa alloys showing greatly enhanced methanol productivity compared with monometallic Pd/Al2O3 and Pd/TiO2 catalysts. Catalyst characterisation shows that the 1 : 1 β-PdZn alloy is present in all Zn containing post-reaction samples, including PdZn/Ga2O3, with the Pd2Ga alloy formed for the Pd/Ga2O3 sample. The heat of mixing was calculated for a variety of alloy compositions with high values determined for both PdZn and Pd2Ga alloys, at ca. -0.6 eV per atom and ca. -0.8 eV per atom, respectively. However, ZnO is more readily reduced than Ga2O3, providing a possible explanation for the preferential formation of the PdZn alloy, rather than PdGa, when in the presence of Ga2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Lawes
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Isla E Gow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Louise R Smith
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Kieran J Aggett
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - James S Hayward
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Thomas J A Slater
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Malcolm Dearg
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Nicholas F Dummer
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Michael Bowker
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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11
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Aikens CM, Amara H, Amendola V, Baletto F, Barcikowski S, Barrabés N, Caps V, Chen F, Cheng D, Chinnabathini VC, Cottancin E, Daniel IT, De Knijf K, Fortunelli A, Grandjean D, Hutchings GJ, Janssens E, Jones RM, Kuttner C, Large AI, Marceau É, Mariscal MM, Ntola P, Quinson J, Shozi M, Swaminathan S, Treguer-Delapierre M, Wang L, Weissker HC, Jose Yacaman M, Zhang Y. Nanoalloy catalysis and magnetic and optical properties: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:522-541. [PMID: 36562328 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90088b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Alloyeau D, Amendola V, Amiens C, Andreazza P, Bakker JM, Baletto F, Barcikowski S, Barrabés N, Bowker M, Chen F, Cottancin E, Ernst WE, Ferrando R, Förster GD, Fortunelli A, Grandjean D, Guesmi H, Hutchings GJ, Janssens E, Jose Yacaman M, Kuttner C, Macheli L, Marceau É, Mariscal MM, Mathiesen JK, McGrady J, Mottet C, Nelli D, Ntola P, Owen CJ, Polak M, Quinson J, Roncaglia C, Rubinovich L, Schäfer R, Settem M, Shield J, Shozi M, Swaminathan S, Vajda Š, Weissker HC. Nanoalloy structures and catalysis part 1: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:106-128. [PMID: 36562474 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90085h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Aikens CM, Alloyeau D, Amendola V, Amiens C, Andreazza P, Bakker JM, Baletto F, Barcikowski S, Barrabés N, Bowker M, Chen F, Daniel IT, Ernst WE, Ferrando R, Ferrari P, Fortunelli A, Grandjean D, Guesmi H, Hutchings GJ, Janssens E, Jones RM, Jose Yacaman M, Kuttner C, Lopez MJ, Marceau É, Mariscal MM, McGrady J, Mottet C, Nelayah J, Owen CJ, Polak M, Quinson J, Roncaglia C, Schäfer R, Svensson R, Treguer-Delapierre M, Zhang Y. Nanoalloy magnetic and optical properties, applications and structures: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:389-417. [PMID: 36562550 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90087d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Lewis RJ, Ueura K, Liu X, Fukuta Y, Qin T, Davies TE, Morgan DJ, Stenner A, Singleton J, Edwards JK, Freakley SJ, Kiely CJ, Chen L, Yamamoto Y, Hutchings GJ. Selective Ammoximation of Ketones via In Situ H 2O 2 Synthesis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Kenji Ueura
- UBE Corporation, 1978-5, Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi755-8633, Japan
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yukimasa Fukuta
- UBE Corporation, 1978-5, Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi755-8633, Japan
| | - Tian Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
- HarwellXPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), DidcotOX11 0FA, U.K
| | - Alex Stenner
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - James Singleton
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Jennifer K. Edwards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Simon J. Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, BathBA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania18015, United States
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai200240, P.R. China
| | | | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
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15
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Tong T, Douthwaite M, Chen L, Engel R, Conway MB, Guo W, Wu XP, Gong XQ, Wang Y, Morgan DJ, Davies T, Kiely CJ, Chen L, Liu X, Hutchings GJ. Uncovering Structure-Activity Relationships in Pt/CeO 2 Catalysts for Hydrogen-Borrowing Amination. ACS Catal 2023; 13:1207-1220. [PMID: 36714055 PMCID: PMC9872813 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen-borrowing amination of alcohols is a promising route to produce amines. In this study, experimental parameters involved in the preparation of Pt/CeO2 catalysts were varied to assess how physicochemical properties influence their performance in such reactions. An amination reaction between cyclopentanol and cyclopentylamine was used as the model reaction for this study. The Pt precursor used in the catalyst synthesis and the properties of the CeO2 support were both found to strongly influence catalytic performance. Aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy revealed that the most active catalyst comprised linearly structured Pt species. The formation of these features, a function result of epitaxial Pt deposition along the CeO2 [100] plane, appeared to be dependent on the properties of the CeO2 support and the Pt precursor used. Density functional theory calculations subsequently confirmed that these sites were more effective for cyclopentanol dehydrogenation-considered to be the rate-determining step of the process-than Pt clusters and nanoparticles. This study provides insights into the desirable catalytic properties required for hydrogen-borrowing amination but has relevance to other related fields. We consider that this study will provide a foundation for further study in this atom-efficient area of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tong
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.,Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.,
| | - Lu Chen
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Rebecca Engel
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Matthew B. Conway
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wu
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Xue-Qing Gong
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China,
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Research Institute of
Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China,
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Thomas Davies
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh
University, 5 East Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania18015, United States
| | - Liwei Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Frontiers
Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Frontiers
Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240Shanghai, P. R. China,
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,
Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.,
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16
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Dummer NF, Willock DJ, He Q, Howard MJ, Lewis RJ, Qi G, Taylor SH, Xu J, Bethell D, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Methane Oxidation to Methanol. Chem Rev 2022; 123:6359-6411. [PMID: 36459432 PMCID: PMC10176486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The direct transformation of methane to methanol remains a significant challenge for operation at a larger scale. Central to this challenge is the low reactivity of methane at conditions that can facilitate product recovery. This review discusses the issue through examination of several promising routes to methanol and an evaluation of performance targets that are required to develop the process at scale. We explore the methods currently used, the emergence of active heterogeneous catalysts and their design and reaction mechanisms and provide a critical perspective on future operation. Initial experiments are discussed where identification of gas phase radical chemistry limited further development by this approach. Subsequently, a new class of catalytic materials based on natural systems such as iron or copper containing zeolites were explored at milder conditions. The key issues of these technologies are low methane conversion and often significant overoxidation of products. Despite this, interest remains high in this reaction and the wider appeal of an effective route to key products from C-H activation, particularly with the need to transition to net carbon zero with new routes from renewable methane sources is exciting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F. Dummer
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Willock
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Qian He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
| | - Mark J. Howard
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Guodong Qi
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan430071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, P. R. China
| | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan430071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, P. R. China
| | - Don Bethell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, LiverpoolL69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania18015, United States
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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17
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Bowker M, DeBeer S, Dummer NF, Hutchings GJ, Scheffler M, Schüth F, Taylor SH, Tüysüz H. Advancing Critical Chemical Processes for a Sustainable Future: Challenges for Industry and the Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bowker
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Germany
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Matthias Scheffler
- The NOMAD Laboratory at the FHI of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft and IRIS Adlershof of the Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Germany
| | | | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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18
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Bowker M, DeBeer S, Dummer NF, Hutchings GJ, Scheffler M, Schüth F, Taylor SH, Tüysüz H. Advancing Critical Chemical Processes for a Sustainable Future: Challenges for Industry and the Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209016. [PMID: 36351240 PMCID: PMC10099920 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalysis is involved in around 85 % of manufacturing industry and contributes an estimated 25 % to the global domestic product, with the majority of the processes relying on heterogeneous catalysis. Despite the importance in different global segments, the fundamental understanding of heterogeneously catalysed processes lags substantially behind that achieved in other fields. The newly established Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT) targets innovative concepts that could contribute to the scientific developments needed in the research field to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions in the chemical industries. This Viewpoint Article presents some of our research activities and visions on the current and future challenges of heterogeneous catalysis regarding green industry and the circular economy by focusing explicitly on critical processes. Namely, hydrogen production, ammonia synthesis, and carbon dioxide reduction, along with new aspects of acetylene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bowker
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Germany
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Matthias Scheffler
- The NOMAD Laboratory at the FHI of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft and IRIS Adlershof of the Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Germany
| | | | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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19
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Pattisson S, Dawson SR, Malta G, Dummer NF, Smith LR, Lazaridou A, Morgan DJ, Freakley SJ, Kondrat SA, Smit JJ, Johnston P, Hutchings GJ. Lowering the Operating Temperature of Gold Acetylene Hydrochlorination Catalysts Using Oxidized Carbon Supports. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pattisson
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Simon R. Dawson
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Grazia Malta
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Louise R. Smith
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Anna Lazaridou
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
| | | | - Simon A. Kondrat
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, LoughboroughLE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Joost J. Smit
- Johnson Matthey, Catalyst Technologies, Eastbourne Terrace, LondonW2 6LG, U.K
| | - Peter Johnston
- Johnson Matthey, Catalyst Technologies, Belasis Avenue, BillinghamTS23 1LB, U.K
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K
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20
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Carter JH, Abdel-Mageed AM, Zhou D, Morgan DJ, Liu X, Bansmann J, Chen S, Behm RJ, Hutchings GJ. Reversible Growth of Gold Nanoparticles in the Low-Temperature Water-Gas Shift Reaction. ACS Nano 2022; 16:15197-15205. [PMID: 36007153 PMCID: PMC9527796 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Supported gold nanoparticles are widely studied catalysts and are among the most active known for the low-temperature water-gas shift reaction, which is essential in fuel and energy applications, but their practical application has been limited by their poor thermal stability. The catalysts deactivate on-stream via the growth of small Au nanoparticles. Using operando X-ray absorption and in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy, we report direct evidence that this process can be reversed by carrying out a facile oxidative treatment, which redisperses the gold nanoparticles and restores catalytic activity. The use of in situ methods reveals the complex dynamics of supported gold nanoparticles under reaction conditions and demonstrates that gold catalysts can be easily regenerated, expanding their scope for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Carter
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Ali M Abdel-Mageed
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dan Zhou
- DENSsolutions B.V., Delft 2628 ZD The Netherlands
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, China, 200240
| | - Joachim Bansmann
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shilong Chen
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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21
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Brehm J, Lewis RJ, Richards T, Qin T, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Chen L, Liu X, Hutchings GJ. Enhancing the Chemo-Enzymatic One-Pot Oxidation of Cyclohexane via In Situ H 2O 2 Production over Supported Pd-Based Catalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Brehm
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Richards
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Tian Qin
- In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- HarwellXPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot OX11 OFA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Liwei Chen
- In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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22
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Hutchings GJ, Davies PR, Pattisson S, Davies TE, Morgan DJ, Dlamini MW. Facile synthesis of a porous 3D g-C3N4 photocatalyst for the degradation of organics in shale gas brines. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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Evans CD, Bartley JK, Taylor SH, Hutchings GJ, Kondrat SA. Perovskite Supported Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Tartronic Acid. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExceptional selectivity of LaMnO3 perovskite supported Au catalysts for the oxidation of glycerol to the dicarboxylate tartronic acid is reported. Through using monometallic Au, Pt or bimetallic Au:Pt nanoparticles the tartronic acid yield could be altered significantly, with a maximum yield of 44% in 6 h with Au/LaMnO3 and 80% within 24 h. These LaMnO3 supported catalysts were compared with conventionally TiO2 supported catalysts, which at comparable reaction conditions produced lactic acid, via a dehydration pathway, in high yield and a maximum tartronic acid yield of only 9% was observed. The LaMnO3 catalysts produced minimal lactic acid regardless of the supported metal, showing that the support structure influences the prevalence of dehydration and oxidation pathways. The choice of metal nanoparticle influenced product selectivity along the oxidation pathway for both LaMnO3 and TiO2 supported catalysts. Au catalysts exhibited a higher selectivity to tartronic acid, whereas AuPt catalysts produced glyceric acid and Pt catalysts produced predominantly C–C scission products.
Graphical Abstract
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24
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Lewis RJ, Koy M, Macino M, Das M, Carter JH, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Ernst JB, Freakley SJ, Glorius F, Hutchings GJ. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Modified Palladium Catalysts for the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15431-15436. [PMID: 35976628 PMCID: PMC9449981 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Heterogeneous palladium catalysts modified by N-heterocyclic
carbenes
(NHCs) are shown to be highly effective toward the direct synthesis
of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in the absence
of the promoters which are typically required to enhance both activity
and selectivity. Catalytic evaluation in a batch regime demonstrated
that through careful selection of the N-substituent of the NHC it
is possible to greatly enhance catalytic performance when compared
to the unmodified analogue and reach concentrations of H2O2 rivaling that obtained by state-of-the-art catalysts.
The enhanced performance of the modified catalyst, which is retained
upon reuse, is attributed to the ability of the NHC to electronically
modify Pd speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lewis
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom
| | - Maximilian Koy
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Margherita Macino
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom
| | - Mowpriya Das
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - James H Carter
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom.,Harwell XPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot OX110FA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E Davies
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes B Ernst
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA27AY, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF103AT, United Kingdom
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25
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Bowker M, Lawes N, Gow I, Hayward J, Esquius JR, Richards N, Smith LR, Slater TJA, Davies TE, Dummer NF, Kabalan L, Logsdail A, Catlow RC, Taylor S, Hutchings GJ. The Critical Role of βPdZn Alloy in Pd/ZnO Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol. ACS Catal 2022; 12:5371-5379. [PMID: 35557711 PMCID: PMC9087181 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The rise in atmospheric
CO2 concentration and the concomitant
rise in global surface temperature have prompted massive research
effort in designing catalytic routes to utilize CO2 as
a feedstock. Prime among these is the hydrogenation of CO2 to make methanol, which is a key commodity chemical intermediate,
a hydrogen storage molecule, and a possible future fuel for transport
sectors that cannot be electrified. Pd/ZnO has been identified as
an effective candidate as a catalyst for this reaction, yet there
has been no attempt to gain a fundamental understanding of how this
catalyst works and more importantly to establish specific design criteria
for CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. Here, we show that Pd/ZnO
catalysts have the same metal particle composition, irrespective of
the different synthesis procedures and types of ZnO used here. We
demonstrate that all of these Pd/ZnO catalysts exhibit the same activity
trend. In all cases, the β-PdZn 1:1 alloy is produced and dictates
the catalysis. This conclusion is further supported by the relationship
between conversion and selectivity and their small variation with
ZnO surface area in the range 6–80 m2g–1. Without alloying with Zn, Pd is a reverse water-gas shift catalyst
and when supported on alumina and silica is much less active for CO2 conversion to methanol than on ZnO. Our approach is applicable
to the discovery and design of improved catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation and will aid future catalyst discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bowker
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Catalyst Hub, RCAH, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Lawes
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Isla Gow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - James Hayward
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- now at: Clean Energy Cluster, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nia Richards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise R. Smith
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J. A. Slater
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Catalyst Hub, RCAH, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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26
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Lewis RJ, Ueura K, Liu X, Fukuta Y, Davies TE, Morgan DJ, Chen L, Qi J, Singleton J, Edwards JK, Freakley SJ, Kiely CJ, Yamamoto Y, Hutchings GJ. Highly efficient catalytic production of oximes from ketones using in situ-generated H 2O 2. Science 2022; 376:615-620. [PMID: 35511983 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The ammoximation of cyclohexanone using preformed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is currently applied commercially to produce cyclohexanone oxime, an important feedstock in nylon-6 production. We demonstrate that by using supported gold-palladium (AuPd) alloyed nanoparticles in conjunction with a titanium silicate-1 (TS-1) catalyst, H2O2 can be generated in situ as needed, producing cyclohexanone oxime with >95% selectivity, comparable to the current industrial route. The ammoximation of several additional simple ketones is also demonstrated. Our approach eliminates the need to transport and store highly concentrated, stabilized H2O2, potentially achieving substantial environmental and economic savings. This approach could form the basis of an alternative route to numerous chemical transformations that are currently dependent on a combination of preformed H2O2 and TS-1, while allowing for considerable process intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lewis
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Kenji Ueura
- UBE Corporation, 1978-5, Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8633, Japan
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.,SynCat@Beijing, Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 101407, P.R. China
| | - Yukimasa Fukuta
- UBE Corporation, 1978-5, Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8633, Japan
| | - Thomas E Davies
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.,Harwell XPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical, In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jizhen Qi
- i-Lab, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - James Singleton
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Jennifer K Edwards
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Christopher J Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Yasushi Yamamoto
- UBE Corporation, 1978-5, Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8633, Japan
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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27
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Fortunato GV, Pizzutilo E, Katsounaros I, Göhl D, Lewis RJ, Mayrhofer KJJ, Hutchings GJ, Freakley SJ, Ledendecker M. Analysing the relationship between the fields of thermo- and electrocatalysis taking hydrogen peroxide as a case study. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1973. [PMID: 35418132 PMCID: PMC9007970 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in thermo- and electrocatalysis have often preceded in isolation, even for similar reactions. Here, the authors compare current trends in both fields and elaborate on the commonalities and differences with a specific focus on the production of hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme V Fortunato
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Enrico Pizzutilo
- Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ioannis Katsounaros
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Göhl
- Department of Technical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Karl J J Mayrhofer
- Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Marc Ledendecker
- Department of Technical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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28
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Crawley JWM, Gow IE, Lawes N, Kowalec I, Kabalan L, Catlow CRA, Logsdail AJ, Taylor SH, Dummer NF, Hutchings GJ. Heterogeneous Trimetallic Nanoparticles as Catalysts. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6795-6849. [PMID: 35263103 PMCID: PMC8949769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The development and
application of trimetallic nanoparticles continues
to accelerate rapidly as a result of advances in materials design,
synthetic control, and reaction characterization. Following the technological
successes of multicomponent materials in automotive exhausts and photovoltaics,
synergistic effects are now accessible through the careful preparation
of multielement particles, presenting exciting opportunities in the
field of catalysis. In this review, we explore the methods currently
used in the design, synthesis, analysis, and application of trimetallic
nanoparticles across both the experimental and computational realms
and provide a critical perspective on the emergent field of trimetallic
nanocatalysts. Trimetallic nanoparticles are typically supported on
high-surface-area metal oxides for catalytic applications, synthesized via preparative conditions that are comparable to those
applied for mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles. However, controlled
elemental segregation and subsequent characterization remain challenging
because of the heterogeneous nature of the systems. The multielement
composition exhibits beneficial synergy for important oxidation, dehydrogenation,
and hydrogenation reactions; in some cases, this is realized through
higher selectivity, while activity improvements are also observed.
However, challenges related to identifying and harnessing influential
characteristics for maximum productivity remain. Computation provides
support for the experimental endeavors, for example in electrocatalysis,
and a clear need is identified for the marriage of simulation, with
respect to both combinatorial element screening and optimal reaction
design, to experiment in order to maximize productivity from this
nascent field. Clear challenges remain with respect to identifying,
making, and applying trimetallic catalysts efficiently, but the foundations
are now visible, and the outlook is strong for this exciting chemical
field.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W M Crawley
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Isla E Gow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Lawes
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Kowalec
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.,UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 OFA, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas F Dummer
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.,UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 OFA, U.K
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29
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Richards T, Lewis RJ, Morgan DJ, Hutchings GJ. The Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Over Supported Pd-Based Catalysts: An Investigation into the Role of the Support and Secondary Metal Modifiers. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-03967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe direct synthesis of H2O2 from molecular H2 and O2 over Pd-based catalysts, prepared via an industrially relevant, excess chloride co-impregnation procedure is investigated. Initial studies into the well-established PdAu system demonstrated the key role of Pd: Au ratio on catalytic activity, under conditions that have previously been found to be optimal for H2O2 formation. Further investigations using the optimal Pd: Au ratio identified the role of the catalyst support in controlling particle size and Pd oxidation state and thus catalytic performance. Subsequently, with an aim to replace Au with cheaper alternatives, the alloying of Pd with more abundant secondary metals is explored.
Graphical Abstract
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30
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Sun S, Dummer NF, Bere T, Barnes AJ, Shaw G, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Lewis RJ, Richards N, Morgan DJ, Hutchings GJ. Selective oxidation of methane to methanol and methyl hydroperoxide over palladium modified MoO 3 photocatalyst under ambient conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00240j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In situ generated H2O2 from water on Pd–MoO3 catalyst can oxide methane into methanol and methyl hydroperoxide with high selectivity under simulated solar light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songmei Sun
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Takudzwa Bere
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Alexandra J. Barnes
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Greg Shaw
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Nia Richards
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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Richards N, Parker LA, Carter JH, Pattisson S, Morgan DJ, Dummer NF, Golunski SE, Hutchings GJ. Effect of the Preparation Method of LaSrCoFeOx Perovskites on the Activity of N2O Decomposition. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractN2O remains a major greenhouse gas and contributor to global warming, therefore developing a catalyst that can decompose N2O at low temperatures is of global importance. We have investigated the use of LaSrCoFeOx perovskites for N2O decomposition and the effect of surface area, A and B site elements, Co–O bond strength, redox capabilities and oxygen mobility have been studied. It was found that by using a citric acid preparation method, perovskites with strong redox capabilities and weak Co–O bonds can be formed at relatively low calcination temperatures (550 °C) resulting in highly active catalysts. The enhanced activity is related to the presence of highly mobile oxygen species. Oxygen recombination on the catalyst surface is understood to be a prominent rate limiting step for N2O decomposition. Here the reduced strength of Co–O bonds and mobile lattice oxygen species suggest that the surface oxygen species have enhanced mobility, aiding recombination, and subsequent regeneration of the active sites. La0.75Sr0.25Co0.81Fe0.19Ox prepared by citric acid method converted 50% of the N2O in the feed (T50) at 448 °C.
Graphic Abstract
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32
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Chen B, Li X, Rui P, Ye Y, Ye T, Zhou R, Li D, Carter JH, Hutchings GJ. The reaction pathways of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion in a continuous flow reactor using copper catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02197d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transformation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is investigated using supported and bulk copper oxide catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Peng Rui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Yuewen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Tongqi Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Rulong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P.R. China
| | - James H. Carter
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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33
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Pudge GJF, Hutchings GJ, Kondrat SA, Morrison K, Perkins EF, Rushby AV, Bartley JK. Iron molybdate catalysts synthesised via dicarboxylate decomposition for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00699e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron molybdate catalysts were prepared using a sol gel route with malonic acid and oxalic acid and their performance for the selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey J. F. Pudge
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Simon A. Kondrat
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Kate Morrison
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Eleanor F. Perkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Alice V. Rushby
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Jonathan K. Bartley
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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34
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Santos A, Lewis RJ, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Hampton E, Gaskin P, Hutchings GJ. The oxidative degradation of phenol via in situ H 2O 2 synthesis using Pd supported Fe-modified ZSM-5 catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00283c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional Pd/Fe-ZSM-5 catalysts promote pollutant degradation through in situ H2O2 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Santos
- Max Planck centre for Fundamental Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Max Planck centre for Fundamental Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David J. Morgan
- Max Planck centre for Fundamental Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
- HarwellXPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot, OX11 OFA, UK
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Max Planck centre for Fundamental Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Euan Hampton
- Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water, Pentwyn Road, Nelson, Treharris, CF46 6LY, UK
| | - Paul Gaskin
- Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water, Pentwyn Road, Nelson, Treharris, CF46 6LY, UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck centre for Fundamental Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT), Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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35
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Najafishirtari S, Friedel Ortega K, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Hutchings GJ, Bondue CJ, Tschulik K, Waffel D, Peng B, Deitermann M, Busser GW, Muhler M, Behrens M. A Perspective on Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:16809-16833. [PMID: 34596294 PMCID: PMC9292687 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Selective oxidation of higher alcohols using heterogeneous catalysts is an important reaction in the synthesis of fine chemicals with added value. Though the process for primary alcohol oxidation is industrially established, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding considering the complexity of the catalysts and their dynamics under reaction conditions, especially when higher alcohols and liquid‐phase reaction media are involved. Additionally, new materials should be developed offering higher activity, selectivity, and stability. This can be achieved by unraveling the structure–performance correlations of these catalysts under reaction conditions. In this regard, researchers are encouraged to develop more advanced characterization techniques to address the complex interplay between the solid surface, the dissolved reactants, and the solvent. In this mini‐review, we report some of the most important approaches taken in the field and give a perspective on how to tackle the complex challenges for different approaches in alcohol oxidation while providing insight into the remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Najafishirtari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Friedel Ortega
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph J Bondue
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Waffel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michel Deitermann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - G Wilma Busser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lab. of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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Najafishirtari S, Friedel Ortega K, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Hutchings GJ, Bondue CJ, Tschulik K, Waffel D, Peng B, Deitermann M, Busser GW, Muhler M, Behrens M. Frontispiece: A Perspective on Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202186861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Najafishirtari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Klaus Friedel Ortega
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Kiel University Max-Eyth-Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University CF10 3AT Cardiff United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University CF10 3AT Cardiff United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University CF10 3AT Cardiff United Kingdom
| | - Christoph J. Bondue
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale Materials Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.41 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Daniel Waffel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Industrial Chemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Industrial Chemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Michel Deitermann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Industrial Chemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - G. Wilma Busser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Industrial Chemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Lab. of Industrial Chemistry Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 690 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199 47057 Duisburg Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Kiel University Max-Eyth-Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
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37
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Lewis RJ, Ntainjua EN, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Carley AF, Freakley SJ, Hutchings GJ. Improving the performance of Pd based catalysts for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide via acid incorporation during catalyst synthesis. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2021.106358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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38
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Yang N, Pattisson S, Douthwaite M, Zeng G, Zhang H, Ma J, Hutchings GJ. Influence of Stabilizers on the Performance of Au/TiO 2 Catalysts for CO Oxidation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nating Yang
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingyuan Ma
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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Ruiz Esquius J, Bahruji H, Bowker M, Hutchings GJ. Identification of C 2-C 5 products from CO 2 hydrogenation over PdZn/TiO 2-ZSM-5 hybrid catalysts. Faraday Discuss 2021; 230:52-67. [PMID: 33870391 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of a methanol synthesis catalyst and a solid acid catalyst opens the possibility to obtain olefins or paraffins directly from CO2 and H2 in one step. In this work several PdZn/TiO2-ZSM-5 hybrid catalysts were employed under CO2 hydrogenation conditions (240-360 °C, 20 bar, CO2/N2/H2 = 1 : 1 : 3) for the synthesis of CH3OH, consecutive dehydration to dimethyl ether and further oxygenate conversion to hydrocarbons. No significant changes after 36 h reaction on the methanol synthesis catalyst (PdZn/TiO2) were observed by XRD, XAS or XPS. No olefins were observed, indicating that light olefins undergo further hydrogenation under the reaction conditions, yielding the corresponding alkanes. Increasing the aluminium sites in the zeolites (Si : Al ratio 80 : 1, 50 : 1 and 23 : 1) led to a higher concentration of mild Brønsted acid sites, promoting hydrocarbon chain growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
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Richards T, Harrhy JH, Lewis RJ, Howe AGR, Suldecki GM, Folli A, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Loveridge EJ, Crole DA, Edwards JK, Gaskin P, Kiely CJ, He Q, Murphy DM, Maillard JY, Freakley SJ, Hutchings GJ. A residue-free approach to water disinfection using catalytic in situ generation of reactive oxygen species. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Methane represents one of the most abundant carbon sources for fuel or chemical production. However, remote geographical locations and high transportation costs result in a substantial proportion being flared at the source. The selective oxidation of methane to methanol remains a grand challenge for catalytic chemistry due to the large energy barrier for the initial C-H activation and prevention of overoxidation to CO2. Indirect methods such as steam reforming produce CO and H2 chemical building blocks, but they consume large amounts of energy over multistage processes. This makes the development of the low-temperature selective oxidation of methane to methanol highly desirable and explains why it has remained an active area of research over the last 50 years.The thermodynamically favorable oxidation of methane to methanol would ideally use only molecular oxygen. Nature effects this transformation with the enzyme methane monooxygenase (MMO) in aqueous solution at ambient temperature with the addition of 2 equiv of a reducing cofactor. MMO active sites are Fe and Cu oxoclusters, and the incorporation of these metals into zeolitic frameworks can result in biomimetic activity. Most approaches to methane oxidation using metal-doped zeolites use high temperature with oxygen or N2O; however, demonstrations of catalytic cycles without catalyst regeneration cycles are limited. Over the last 10 years, we have developed Fe-Cu-ZSM-5 materials for the selective oxidation of methane to methanol under aqueous conditions at 50 °C using H2O2 as an oxidant (effectively O2 + 2 reducing equiv), which compete with MMO in terms of activity. To date, these materials are among the most active and selective catalysts for methane oxidation under this mild condition, but industrially, H2O2 is an expensive oxidant to use in the production of methanol.This observation of activity under mild conditions led to new approaches to utilize O2 as the oxidant. Supported precious metal nanoparticles have been shown to be active for a range of C-H activation reactions using O2 and H2O2, but the rapid decomposition of H2O2 over metal surfaces limits efficiency. We identified that this decomposition could be minimized by removing the support material and carrying out the reaction with colloidal AuPd nanoparticles. The efficiency of methanol production with H2O2 consumption was increased by 4 orders of magnitude, and crucially it was demonstrated for the first time that molecular O2 could be incorporated into the methanol produced with 91% selectivity. The understanding gained from these two approaches provides valuable insight into possible new routes to selective methane oxidation which will be presented here in the context of our own research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J. Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - David J. Willock
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute and School of Chemistry, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute and School of Chemistry, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Max Planck Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis, FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute and School of Chemistry, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis lies at the heart of the chemical and fuel manufacturing industries and hence is a cornerstone of many economies. Many of the commercially operated heterogeneous catalysts have remained basically unchanged for decades, undergoing small but important optimisation of their formulations. Yet we all acknowledge that there is a continuous drive towards improved catalysts or designing new ones. At the heart of these studies has been the need to gain an improved understanding of the reaction mechanism for these important reactions since this can unlock new ways to improve catalyst design and, of course, the ultimate aim is to design catalysts based on the detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism. These advanced studies have been aided in the last decade by two key factors, namely: (a) access to advanced characterisation techniques based on synchrotron methods and aberration-corrected microscopy that can probe the nature of the active site, and (b) the application of high-level computational methods to understand how the reactants and products interact at the active site. In this paper this theme will be explored using two examples to bring out the complexity in gaining an understanding of a reaction mechanism. Using the zeolite H-ZSM-5 as an example of a single site catalyst, the mechanism of the conversion of methanol to the first hydrocarbon carbon-carbon bond will be discussed. In this section the use of model reactants and reaction probes will be used to try to differentiate between different mechanistic proposals. The second example explores the use of gold catalysts for CO oxidation and acetylene hydrochlorination. In both these examples the importance of advanced characterisation and theory will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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Sainna MA, Nanavati S, Black C, Smith L, Mugford K, Jenkins H, Douthwaite M, Dummer NF, Catlow CRA, Hutchings GJ, Taylor SH, Logsdail AJ, Willock DJ. A combined periodic DFT and QM/MM approach to understand the radical mechanism of the catalytic production of methanol from glycerol. Faraday Discuss 2021; 229:108-130. [PMID: 33650598 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00005a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The production of methanol from glycerol over a basic oxide, such as MgO, using high reaction temperatures (320 °C) is a promising new approach to improving atom efficiency in the production of biofuels. The mechanism of this reaction involves the homolytic cleavage of the C3 feedstock, or its dehydration product hydroxyacetone, to produce a hydroxymethyl radical species which can then abstract an H atom from other species. Obtaining a detailed reaction mechanism for this type of chemistry is difficult due to the large number of products present when the system is operated at high conversions. In this contribution we show how DFT based modelling studies can provide new insights into likely reaction pathways, in particular the source of H atoms for the final step of converting hydroxymethyl radicals to methanol. We show that water is unlikely to be important in this stage of the process, C-H bonds of C2 and C3 species can give an energetically favourable pathway and that the disproportionation of hydroxymethyl radicals to methanol and formaldehyde produces a very favourable route. Experimental analysis of reaction products confirms the presence of formaldehyde. The calculations presented in this work also provide new insight into the role of the catalyst surface in the reaction showing that the base sites of the MgO(100) are able to deprotonate hydroxymethyl radicals but not methanol itself. In carrying out the calculations we also show how periodic DFT and QM/MM approaches can be used together to obtain a rounded picture of molecular adsorption to surfaces and homolytic bond cleavage which are both central to the reactions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala A Sainna
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Sachin Nanavati
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Constance Black
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Louise Smith
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Karl Mugford
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Harry Jenkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Nicholas F Dummer
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - David J Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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Anand M, Beale AM, Boronat M, Bowker M, Bugaev AL, Bukhtiyarov VI, Catlow CRA, Chansai S, Claeys M, Conway M, Davies PR, Edwards J, El-Kadi J, Eremin D, Fischer N, Guan S, Hargreaves JSJ, Hess C, Hutchings GJ, Jameel F, Reza Kamali A, Kondrat S, Lawes N, Lennon D, Li D, Morgan P, Oyarzún Aravena AM, Reece C, Réocreux R, Seavill PW, Sekine Y, Shozi M, Silverwood I, Sinev M, Smith C, Stamatakis M, Torrente Murciano L, Uner D, Weckhuysen BM, Whiston K, Wolf M, Yang B, Zeinalipour-Yazdi CD. Advanced approaches: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2021; 229:378-421. [PMID: 34008684 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd90032c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Lai KY, Galan SRG, Zeng Y, Zhou TH, He C, Raj R, Riedl J, Liu S, Chooi KP, Garg N, Zeng M, Jones LH, Hutchings GJ, Mohammed S, Nair SK, Chen J, Davis BG, van der Donk WA. LanCLs add glutathione to dehydroamino acids generated at phosphorylated sites in the proteome. Cell 2021; 184:2680-2695.e26. [PMID: 33932340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mediated damage repair or mitigation, while common for nucleic acids, is rare for proteins. Examples of protein damage are elimination of phosphorylated Ser/Thr to dehydroalanine/dehydrobutyrine (Dha/Dhb) in pathogenesis and aging. Bacterial LanC enzymes use Dha/Dhb to form carbon-sulfur linkages in antimicrobial peptides, but the functions of eukaryotic LanC-like (LanCL) counterparts are unknown. We show that LanCLs catalyze the addition of glutathione to Dha/Dhb in proteins, driving irreversible C-glutathionylation. Chemo-enzymatic methods were developed to site-selectively incorporate Dha/Dhb at phospho-regulated sites in kinases. In human MAPK-MEK1, such "elimination damage" generated aberrantly activated kinases, which were deactivated by LanCL-mediated C-glutathionylation. Surveys of endogenous proteins bearing damage from elimination (the eliminylome) also suggest it is a source of electrophilic reactivity. LanCLs thus remove these reactive electrophiles and their potentially dysregulatory effects from the proteome. As knockout of LanCL in mice can result in premature death, repair of this kind of protein damage appears important physiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sébastien R G Galan
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yibo Zeng
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Tianhui Hina Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chang He
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ritu Raj
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jitka Riedl
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - K Phin Chooi
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Neha Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lyn H Jones
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 360 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford OX11 0FA, UK; Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Benjamin G Davis
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK.
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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46
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Brehm J, Lewis RJ, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Hutchings GJ. The Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide over AuPd Nanoparticles: An Investigation into Metal Loading. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe direct synthesis of H2O2 from molecular H2 and O2 over AuPd catalysts, supported on TiO2 and prepared via an excess chloride co-impregnation procedure is investigated. The role of Au:Pd ratio on the catalytic activity towards H2O2 formation and its subsequent degradation is evaluated under conditions that have previously been found to be optimal for the formation of H2O2. The combination of relatively small nanoparticles, of mixed Pd-oxidation state is shown to correlate with enhanced catalytic performance. Subsequently, a detailed study of catalytic activity towards H2O2 synthesis as a function of AuPd loading was conducted, with a direct correlation between catalytic activity and metal loading observed.
Graphic Abstract
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47
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Smith LR, Sainna MA, Douthwaite M, Davies TE, Dummer NF, Willock DJ, Knight DW, Catlow CRA, Taylor SH, Hutchings GJ. Gas Phase Glycerol Valorization over Ceria Nanostructures with Well-Defined Morphologies. ACS Catal 2021; 11:4893-4907. [PMID: 34055453 PMCID: PMC8154328 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol solutions were vaporized and reacted over ceria catalysts with different morphologies to investigate the relationship of product distribution to the surface facets exposed, particularly, the yield of bio-renewable methanol. Ceria was prepared with cubic, rodlike, and polyhedral morphologies via hydrothermal synthesis by altering the concentration of the precipitating agent or synthesis temperature. Glycerol conversion was found to be low over the ceria with a cubic morphology, and this was ascribed to both a low surface area and relatively high acidity. Density functional theory calculations also showed that the (100) surface is likely to be hydroxylated under reaction conditions which could limit the availability of basic sites. Methanol space-time-yields over the polyhedral ceria samples were more than four times that for the cubic material at 400 °C, where 201 g of methanol was produced per hour per kilogram of the catalyst. Under comparable glycerol conversions, we show that the rodlike and polyhedral catalysts produce a major intermediate to methanol, hydroxyacetone (HA), with a selectivity of ca. 45%, but that over the cubic sample, this was found to be 15%. This equates to a 13-fold increase in the space-time-yield of HA over the polyhedral samples compared to the cubes at 320 °C. The implications of this difference are discussed with respect to the reaction mechanism, suggesting that a different mechanism dominates over the cubic catalysts to that for rodlike and polyhedral catalysts. The strong association between exposed surface facets of ceria to high methanol yields is an important consideration for future catalyst design in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise R. Smith
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mala A. Sainna
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David J. Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David W. Knight
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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48
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Dawson SR, Pattisson S, Malta G, Dummer NF, Smith LR, Lazaridou A, Allen CS, Davies TE, Freakley SJ, Kondrat SA, Kiely CJ, Johnston P, Hutchings GJ. Sulfur Promotion in Au/C Catalyzed Acetylene Hydrochlorination. Small 2021; 17:e2007221. [PMID: 33629821 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The formation of highly active and stable acetylene hydrochlorination catalysts is of great industrial importance. The successful replacement of the highly toxic mercuric chloride catalyst with gold has led to a flurry of research in this area. One key aspect, which led to the commercialization of the gold catalyst is the use of thiosulphate as a stabilizing ligand. This study investigates the use of a range of sulfur containing compounds as promoters for production of highly active Au/C catalysts. Promotion is observed across a range of metal sulfates, non-metal sulfates, and sulfuric acid treatments. This observed enhancement can be optimized by careful consideration of either pre- or post-treatments, concentration of dopants used, and modification of washing steps. Pre-treatment of the carbon support with sulfuric acid (0.76 m) resulted in the most active Au/C in this series with an acetylene conversion of ≈70% at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Dawson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Grazia Malta
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Nicholas F Dummer
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Louise R Smith
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Anna Lazaridou
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | - Christopher S Allen
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
- Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Thomas E Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
| | | | - Simon A Kondrat
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Christopher J Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Peter Johnston
- Process Technologies, Johnson Matthey, Billingham, TS23 1LB, UK
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF103 AT, UK
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49
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Palacios ML, Golunski S, Hutchings GJ, Taylor SH. Characterisation and activity of mixed metal oxide catalysts for the gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Crombie CM, Lewis RJ, Taylor RL, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, Folli A, Murphy DM, Edwards JK, Qi J, Jiang H, Kiely CJ, Liu X, Skjøth-Rasmussen MS, Hutchings GJ. Enhanced Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol via In Situ H 2O 2 Production over Supported Pd-Based Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M. Crombie
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah L. Taylor
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Morgan
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- HarwellXPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot OX11 OFA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Damien M. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer K. Edwards
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jizhen Qi
- i-Lab, CAS center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 215123 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Jiang
- In-situ Center for Physical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, 800 Dongchuan
Road. Minhang District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Xi Liu
- In-situ Center for Physical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, 800 Dongchuan
Road. Minhang District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Graham J. Hutchings
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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