1
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Wu Q, Wang Y, Liu J, Guan X, Chang X, Liu Z, Liu R. Microtubules and cardiovascular diseases: insights into pathology and therapeutic strategies. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 175:106650. [PMID: 39237031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Microtubules, complex cytoskeletal structures composed of tubulin proteins in eukaryotic cells, have garnered recent attention in cardiovascular research. Investigations have focused on the post-translational modifications of tubulin, including acetylation and detyrosination. Perturbations in microtubule homeostasis have been implicated in various pathological processes associated with cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and arrhythmias. Thus, elucidating the intricate interplay between microtubule dynamics and cardiovascular pathophysiology is imperative for advancing preventive and therapeutic strategies. Several natural compounds have been identified to potentially modulate microtubules, thereby exerting regulatory effects on cardiovascular diseases. This review synthesizes current literature to delineate the roles of microtubules in cardiovascular diseases and assesses the potential of natural compounds in microtubule-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomin Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuanke Guan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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2
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Tsai JF, Yu FY, Liu BH. Citrinin disrupts microtubule assembly in cardiac cells: Impact on mitochondrial organization and function. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 365:143352. [PMID: 39293683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Citrinin (CTN) is a mycotoxin commonly present in various foods and feeds worldwide, as well as dietary supplements in Asian countries, but the risks and cellular mechanisms associated with its cardiotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, RNA-seq analysis of CTN-treated H9c2 cardiac cells demonstrated significant perturbations in pathways related to microtubule cytoskeleton and mitochondrial network organization. CTN disrupted microtubule polymerization and downregulated mRNA levels of microtubule-assembling genes, Map2 and Tpx2, in H9c2 cardiac cells. Additionally, CTN interfered with the distribution of mitochondrial network along the microtubules, leading to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria characterized by elevated superoxide levels and reduced membrane potential. This disruption also caused the buildup of lysosomes and ubiquitinated proteins, which hindered waste clearance in microtubule-disassembled H9c2 cells. Molecular docking analysis indicated that CTN could bind to the colchicine binding site on β-tubulin, thereby mimicking the microtubule-disrupting effect of colchicine. This study provides morphological, transcriptomic, and mechanistic evidence to elucidate the cardiotoxic mechanisms of CTN, which involve the dysregulated microtubule network, subsequent mitochondrial mislocalization, and impaired proteolysis of damaged proteins/organelles in cardiac cells. Our findings may enhance the fundamental understanding and facilitate future risk assessment of CTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Yih Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Biing-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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3
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Elias-Llumbet A, Sharmin R, Berg-Sorensen K, Schirhagl R, Mzyk A. The Interplay between Mechanoregulation and ROS in Heart Physiology, Disease, and Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400952. [PMID: 38962858 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the most common cause of death in developed countries. Due to lifestyle and environmental factors, this problem is only expected to increase in the future. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key player in the onset of cardiovascular diseases but also have important functions in healthy cardiac tissue. Here, the interplay between ROS generation and cardiac mechanical forces is shown, and the state of the art and a perspective on future directions are discussed. To this end, an overview of what is currently known regarding ROS and mechanosignaling at a subcellular level is first given. There the role of ROS in mechanosignaling as well as the interplay between both factors in specific organelles is emphasized. The consequences at a larger scale across the population of heart cells are then discussed. Subsequently, the roles of ROS in embryogenesis, pathogenesis, and aging are further discussed, exemplifying some aspects of mechanoregulation. Finally, different models that are currently in use are discussed to study the topics above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Elias-Llumbet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AW, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Genomic of Germ Cells, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, 1027, Chile
| | - Rokshana Sharmin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AW, The Netherlands
| | | | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713AW, The Netherlands
| | - Aldona Mzyk
- DTU Health Tech, Ørsteds Plads Bldg 345C, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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4
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Bonet-Aleta J, Encinas-Gimenez M, Oi M, Pezacki AT, Sebastian V, de Martino A, Martín-Pardillos A, Martin-Duque P, Hueso JL, Chang CJ, Santamaria J. Nanomedicine Targeting Cuproplasia in Cancer: Labile Copper Sequestration Using Polydopamine Particles Blocks Tumor Growth In Vivo through Altering Metabolism and Redox Homeostasis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29844-29855. [PMID: 38829261 PMCID: PMC11181271 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Copper plays critical roles as a metal active site cofactor and metalloallosteric signal for enzymes involved in cell proliferation and metabolism, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs), classically applied for metal removal from water, as a therapeutic strategy for depleting intracellular labile copper pools in triple-negative breast cancer models through the metal-chelating groups present on the PDA surface. By using the activity-based sensing probe FCP-1, we could track the PDA-induced labile copper depletion while leaving total copper levels unchanged and link it to the selective MDA-MB-231 cell death. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that PDA NPs increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, potentially through the inactivation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a copper-dependent antioxidant enzyme. Additionally, PDA NPs were found to interact with the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in an increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential, which may contribute to enhanced ROS production. We employed an in vivo tumor model to validate the therapeutic efficacy of PDA NPs. Remarkably, in the absence of any additional treatment, the presence of PDA NPs alone led to a significant reduction in tumor volume by a factor of 1.66 after 22 days of tumor growth. Our findings highlight the potential of PDA NPs as a promising therapeutic approach for selectively targeting cancer by modulating copper levels and inducing oxidative stress, leading to tumor growth inhibition as shown in these triple-negative breast cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bonet-Aleta
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Miguel Encinas-Gimenez
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miku Oi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aidan T. Pezacki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba de Martino
- Instituto
Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS-Aragón), Edificio CIBA. Avenida San Juan
Bosco 13, planta 1, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-Pardillos
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Martin-Duque
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento
de Desarrollo de Medicamentos y Terapias Avanzadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. de Pozuelo, 28, 28222, Majadahonda Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Hueso
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Helen
Willis Neuroscience Institute, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jesus Santamaria
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA) CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Res. Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Rio Ebro, C/María de Luna, 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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5
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Li C, Xue Y, Wu J, Zhang L, Yang T, Ai M, Han J, Zheng X, Wang R, Boldogh I, Ba X. MTH1 inhibition synergizes with ROS-inducing agents to trigger cervical cancer cells undergoing parthanatos. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167190. [PMID: 38657912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer cells possess high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); thus, increasing oxidative stress above the toxicity threshold to induce cell death is a promising chemotherapeutic strategy. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell death are elusive, and efficacy and toxicity issues remain. Within DNA, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) is the most frequent base lesion repaired by 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair. Cancer cells also express high levels of MutT homolog 1 (MTH1), which prevents DNA replication-induced incorporation of 8-oxoG into the genome by hydrolyzing 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP). Here, we revealed that ROS-inducing agents triggered cervical cancer to undergo parthanatos, which was mainly induced by massive DNA strand breaks resulting from overwhelming 8-oxoG excision by OGG1. Furthermore, the MTH1 inhibitor synergized with a relatively low dose of ROS-inducing agents by enhancing 8-oxoG loading in the DNA. In vivo, this drug combination suppressed the growth of tumor xenografts, and this inhibitory effect was significantly decreased in the absence of OGG1. Hence, the present study highlights the roles of base repair enzymes in cell death induction and suggests that the combination of lower doses of ROS-inducing agents with MTH1 inhibitors may be a more selective and safer strategy for cervical cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunshuang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Yaoyao Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Mengtao Ai
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Jinling Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China.
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6
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Doser RL, Knight KM, Deihl EW, Hoerndli FJ. Activity-dependent mitochondrial ROS signaling regulates recruitment of glutamate receptors to synapses. eLife 2024; 13:e92376. [PMID: 38483244 PMCID: PMC10990490 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of mitochondrial signaling in the nervous system has been limited by the technical challenge of analyzing mitochondrial function in vivo. In the transparent genetic model Caenorhabditis elegans, we were able to manipulate and measure mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) signaling of individual mitochondria as well as neuronal activity of single neurons in vivo. Using this approach, we provide evidence supporting a novel role for mitoROS signaling in dendrites of excitatory glutamatergic C. elegans interneurons. Specifically, we show that following neuronal activity, dendritic mitochondria take up calcium (Ca2+) via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU-1) that results in an upregulation of mitoROS production. We also observed that mitochondria are positioned in close proximity to synaptic clusters of GLR-1, the C. elegans ortholog of the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors that mediate neuronal excitation. We show that synaptic recruitment of GLR-1 is upregulated when MCU-1 function is pharmacologically or genetically impaired but is downregulated by mitoROS signaling. Thus, signaling from postsynaptic mitochondria may regulate excitatory synapse function to maintain neuronal homeostasis by preventing excitotoxicity and energy depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Doser
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
| | - Kaz M Knight
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
| | - Ennis W Deihl
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
| | - Frederic J Hoerndli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUnited States
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7
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Okenve-Ramos P, Gosling R, Chojnowska-Monga M, Gupta K, Shields S, Alhadyian H, Collie C, Gregory E, Sanchez-Soriano N. Neuronal ageing is promoted by the decay of the microtubule cytoskeleton. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002504. [PMID: 38478582 PMCID: PMC10962844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural ageing is accompanied by a decline in motor, sensory, and cognitive functions, all impacting quality of life. Ageing is also the predominant risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. We need to therefore gain a better understanding of the cellular and physiological processes underlying age-related neuronal decay. However, gaining this understanding is a slow process due to the large amount of time required to age mammalian or vertebrate animal models. Here, we introduce a new cellular model within the Drosophila brain, in which we report classical ageing hallmarks previously observed in the primate brain. These hallmarks include axonal swellings, cytoskeletal decay, a reduction in axonal calibre, and morphological changes arising at synaptic terminals. In the fly brain, these changes begin to occur within a few weeks, ideal to study the underlying mechanisms of ageing. We discovered that the decay of the neuronal microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton precedes the onset of other ageing hallmarks. We showed that the MT-binding factors Tau, EB1, and Shot/MACF1, are necessary for MT maintenance in axons and synapses, and that their functional loss during ageing triggers MT bundle decay, followed by a decline in axons and synaptic terminals. Furthermore, genetic manipulations that improve MT networks slowed down the onset of neuronal ageing hallmarks and confer aged specimens the ability to outperform age-matched controls. Our work suggests that MT networks are a key lesion site in ageing neurons and therefore the MT cytoskeleton offers a promising target to improve neuronal decay in advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Okenve-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Gosling
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Chojnowska-Monga
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kriti Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Shields
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Haifa Alhadyian
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ceryce Collie
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Emilia Gregory
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Sanchez-Soriano
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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8
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Barber S, Gomez-Godinez V, Young J, Wei A, Chen S, Snissarenko A, Chan SS, Wu C, Shi L. Impacts of H 2O 2, SARM1 inhibition, and high NAm concentrations on Huntington's disease laser-induced degeneration. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300370. [PMID: 38185916 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Axonal degeneration is a key component of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nicotinamide, an NAD+ precursor, has long since been implicated in axonal protection and reduction of degeneration. However, studies on nicotinamide (NAm) supplementation in humans indicate that NAm has no protective effect. Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) regulates several cell responses to axonal damage and has been implicated in promoting neuronal degeneration. SARM1 inhibition seems to result in protection from neuronal degeneration while hydrogen peroxide has been implicated in oxidative stress and axonal degeneration. The effects of laser-induced axonal damage in wild-type and HD dorsal root ganglion cells treated with NAm, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and SARM1 inhibitor DSRM-3716 were investigated and the cell body width, axon width, axonal strength, and axon shrinkage post laser-induced injury were measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Barber
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Veronica Gomez-Godinez
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joy Young
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Abigail Wei
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah Chen
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anna Snissarenko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sze Sze Chan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Linda Shi
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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9
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Gonzalez SJ, Heckel JM, Goldblum RR, Reid TA, McClellan M, Gardner MK. Rapid binding to protofilament edge sites facilitates tip tracking of EB1 at growing microtubule plus-ends. eLife 2024; 13:e91719. [PMID: 38385657 PMCID: PMC10883673 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
EB1 is a key cellular protein that delivers regulatory molecules throughout the cell via the tip-tracking of growing microtubule plus-ends. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanism for how EB1 efficiently tracks growing microtubule plus-ends. It is widely accepted that EB1 binds with higher affinity to GTP-tubulin subunits at the growing microtubule tip, relative to GDP-tubulin along the microtubule length. However, it is unclear whether this difference in affinity alone is sufficient to explain the tip-tracking of EB1 at growing microtubule tips. Previously, we found that EB1 binds to exposed microtubule protofilament-edge sites at a ~70 fold faster rate than to closed-lattice sites, due to diffusional steric hindrance to binding. Thus, we asked whether rapid protofilament-edge binding could contribute to efficient EB1 tip tracking. A computational simulation with differential EB1 on-rates based on closed-lattice or protofilament-edge binding, and with EB1 off-rates that were dependent on the tubulin hydrolysis state, robustly recapitulated experimental EB1 tip tracking. To test this model, we used cell-free biophysical assays, as well as live-cell imaging, in combination with a Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) that binds exclusively to protofilament-edge sites, and whose binding site partially overlaps with the EB1 binding site. We found that DARPin blocked EB1 protofilament-edge binding, which led to a decrease in EB1 tip tracking on dynamic microtubules. We conclude that rapid EB1 binding to microtubule protofilament-edge sites contributes to robust EB1 tip tracking at the growing microtubule plus-end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Julia M Heckel
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Rebecca R Goldblum
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Taylor A Reid
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Mark McClellan
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Melissa K Gardner
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
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10
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Scasny A, Alibayov B, Khan F, Rao SJ, Murin L, Jop Vidal AG, Smith P, Li W, Edwards K, Warncke K, Vidal JE. Oxidation of hemoproteins by Streptococcus pneumoniae collapses the cell cytoskeleton and disrupts mitochondrial respiration leading to the cytotoxicity of human lung cells. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0291223. [PMID: 38084982 PMCID: PMC10783075 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02912-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) colonizes the lungs, killing millions every year. During its metabolism, Spn produces abundant amounts of hydrogen peroxide. When produced in the lung parenchyma, Spn-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes the death of lung cells, and details of the mechanism are studied here. We found that Spn-H2O2 targets intracellular proteins, resulting in the contraction of the cell cytoskeleton and disruption of mitochondrial function, ultimately contributing to cell death. Intracellular proteins targeted by Spn-H2O2 included cytochrome c and, surprisingly, a protein of the cell cytoskeleton, beta-tubulin. To study the details of oxidative reactions, we used, as a surrogate model, the oxidation of another hemoprotein, hemoglobin. Using the surrogate model, we specifically identified a highly reactive radical whose creation was catalyzed by Spn-H2O2. In sum, we demonstrated that the oxidation of intracellular targets by Spn-H2O2 plays an important role in the cytotoxicity caused by Spn, thus providing new targets for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scasny
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Babek Alibayov
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Faidad Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Shambavi J. Rao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State School of Medicine, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Landon Murin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ana G. Jop Vidal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Perriann Smith
- Mississippi INBRE Research Scholar, University of Southern Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kristin Edwards
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Kurt Warncke
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jorge E. Vidal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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11
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Alibayov B, Scasny A, Vidal AGJ, Murin L, Wong S, Edwards KS, Eichembaun Z, Punshon T, Jackson BP, Hopp MT, McDaniel LS, Akerley BJ, Imhof D, Vidal JE. Oxidation of hemoglobin in the lung parenchyma facilitates the differentiation of pneumococci into encapsulated bacteria. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.14.567109. [PMID: 38014009 PMCID: PMC10680745 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.567109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Pneumococcal pneumonia causes cytotoxicity in the lung parenchyma but the underlying mechanism involves multiple factors contributing to cell death. Here, we discovered that hydrogen peroxide produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn-H 2 O 2 ) plays a pivotal role by oxidizing hemoglobin, leading to its polymerization and subsequent release of labile heme. At physiologically relevant levels, heme selected a population of encapsulated pneumococci. In the absence of capsule and Spn-H 2 O 2 , host intracellular heme exhibited toxicity towards pneumococci, thus acting as an antibacterial mechanism. Further investigation revealed that heme-mediated toxicity required the ABC transporter GlnPQ. In vivo experiments demonstrated that pneumococci release H 2 O 2 to cause cytotoxicity in bronchi and alveoli through the non-proteolytic degradation of intracellular proteins such as actin, tubulin and GAPDH. Overall, our findings uncover a mechanism of lung toxicity mediated by oxidative stress that favor the growth of encapsulated pneumococci suggesting a therapeutic potential by targeting oxidative reactions. Graphical abstract Highlights Oxidation of hemoglobin by Streptococcus pneumoniae facilitates differentiation to encapsulated pneumococci in vivo Differentiated S. pneumoniae produces capsule and hydrogen peroxide (Spn-H 2 O 2 ) as defense mechanism against host heme-mediated toxicity. Spn-H 2 O 2 -induced lung toxicity causes the oxidation and non-proteolytic degradation of intracellular proteins tubulin, actin, and GAPDH. The ABC transporter GlnPQ is a heme-binding complex that makes Spn susceptible to heme toxicity.
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12
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Hoshino A, Clemente V, Shetty M, Castle B, Odde D, Bazzaro M. The microtubule-severing protein UNC-45A preferentially binds to curved microtubules and counteracts the microtubule-straightening effects of Taxol. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105355. [PMID: 37858676 PMCID: PMC10654038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoordinated protein 45A (UNC-45A) is the only known ATP-independent microtubule (MT)-severing protein. Thus, it severs MTs via a novel mechanism. In vitro and in cells, UNC-45A-mediated MT severing is preceded by the appearance of MT bends. While MTs are stiff biological polymers, in cells, they often curve, and the result of this curving can be breaking off. The contribution of MT-severing proteins on MT lattice curvature is largely undefined. Here, we show that UNC-45A curves MTs. Using in vitro biophysical reconstitution and total internal fluorescence microscopy analysis, we show that UNC-45A is enriched in the areas where MTs are curved versus the areas where MTs are straight. In cells, we show that UNC-45A overexpression increases MT curvature and its depletion has the opposite effect. We also show that this effect occurs is independent of actomyosin contractility. Lastly, we show for the first time that in cells, Paclitaxel straightens MTs, and that UNC-45A can counteracts the MT-straightening effects of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Hoshino
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Valentino Clemente
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mihir Shetty
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brian Castle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - David Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Martina Bazzaro
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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13
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Kabin E, Dong Y, Roy S, Smirnova J, Smith JW, Ralle M, Summers K, Yang H, Dev S, Wang Y, Devenney B, Cole RN, Palumaa P, Lutsenko S. α-lipoic acid ameliorates consequences of copper overload by up-regulating selenoproteins and decreasing redox misbalance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305961120. [PMID: 37751556 PMCID: PMC10556618 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305961120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid (LA) is an essential cofactor for mitochondrial dehydrogenases and is required for cell growth, metabolic fuel production, and antioxidant defense. In vitro, LA binds copper (Cu) with high affinity and as an endogenous membrane permeable metabolite could be advantageous in mitigating the consequences of Cu overload in human diseases. We tested this hypothesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with inactivated Cu transporter Atp7a; these cells accumulate Cu and show morphologic changes and mitochondria impairment. Treatment with LA corrected the morphology of Atp7a-/- cells similar to the Cu chelator bathocuproinedisulfonate (BCS) and improved mitochondria function; however, the mechanisms of LA and BCS action were different. Unlike BCS, LA did not decrease intracellular Cu but instead increased selenium levels that were low in Atp7a-/- cells. Proteome analysis confirmed distinct cell responses to these compounds and identified upregulation of selenoproteins as the major effect of LA on preadipocytes. Upregulation of selenoproteins was associated with an improved GSH:GSSG ratio in cellular compartments, which was lowered by elevated Cu, and reversal of protein oxidation. Thus, LA diminishes toxic effects of elevated Cu by improving cellular redox environment. We also show that selenium levels are decreased in tissues of a Wilson disease animal model, especially in the liver, making LA an attractive candidate for supplemental treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Kabin
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn12618, Estonia
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Yixuan Dong
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Shubhrajit Roy
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Julia Smirnova
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn12618, Estonia
| | - Joshua W. Smith
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR97201
| | - Kelly Summers
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Benjamin Devenney
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Robert N. Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Peep Palumaa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn12618, Estonia
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD21205
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14
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Hoshino A, Clemente V, Shetty M, Castle B, Odde D, Bazzaro M. The Microtubule Severing Protein UNC-45A Counteracts the Microtubule Straightening Effects of Taxol. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.12.557417. [PMID: 37745537 PMCID: PMC10515786 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
UNC-45A is the only known ATP-independent microtubule (MT) severing protein. Thus, it severs MTs via a novel mechanism. In vitro and in cells UNC-45A-mediated MT severing is preceded by the appearance of MT bends. While MTs are stiff biological polymers, in cells, they often curve, and the result of this curving can be breaking off. The contribution of MT severing proteins on MT lattice curvature is largely undefined. Here we show that UNC-45A curves MTs. Using in vitro biophysical reconstitution and TIRF microscopy analysis, we show that UNC-45A is enriched in the areas where MTs are curved versus the areas where MTs are straight. In cells, we show that UNC-45A overexpression increases MT curvature and its depletion has the opposite effect. We also show that this effect occurs is independent of actomyosin contractility. Lastly, we show for the first time that in cells, Paclitaxel straightens MTs, and that UNC-45A can counteracts the MT straightening effects of the drug. Significance: Our findings reveal for the first time that UNC-45A increases MT curvature. This hints that UNC-45A-mediated MT severing could be due to the worsening of MT curvature and provide a mechanistic understanding of how this MT-severing protein may act. UNC-45A is the only MT severing protein expressed in human cancers, including paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer. Our finding that UNC-45A counteracts the paclitaxel-straightening effects of MTs in cells suggests an additional mechanism through which cancer cells escape drug treatment.
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15
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Monteiro P, Yeon B, Wallis SS, Godinho SA. Centrosome amplification fine tunes tubulin acetylation to differentially control intracellular organization. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112812. [PMID: 37403793 PMCID: PMC10425843 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular organelle organization is conserved in eukaryotic cells and is primarily achieved through active transport by motor proteins along the microtubule cytoskeleton. Microtubule post-translational modifications (PTMs) can contribute to microtubule diversity and differentially regulate motor-mediated transport. Here, we show that centrosome amplification, commonly observed in cancer and shown to promote aneuploidy and invasion, induces a global change in organelle positioning towards the cell periphery and facilitates nuclear migration through confined spaces. This reorganization requires kinesin-1 and is analogous to the loss of dynein. Cells with amplified centrosomes display increased levels of acetylated tubulin, a PTM that could enhance kinesin-1-mediated transport. Depletion of α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (αTAT1) to block tubulin acetylation rescues the displacement of centrosomes, mitochondria, and vimentin but not Golgi or endosomes. Analyses of the distribution of total and acetylated microtubules indicate that the polarized distribution of modified microtubules, rather than levels alone, plays an important role in the positioning of specific organelles, such as the centrosome. We propose that increased tubulin acetylation differentially impacts kinesin-1-mediated organelle displacement to regulate intracellular organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Monteiro
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences and Lettres Research UniversityCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR144ParisFrance
| | - Bongwhan Yeon
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Samuel S Wallis
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Susana A Godinho
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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16
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Scasny A, Alibayov B, Khan F, Rao SJ, Murin L, Jop Vidal AG, Smith P, Wei L, Edwards K, Warncke K, Vidal JE. Oxidation of hemoproteins by Streptococcus pneumoniae collapses the cell cytoskeleton and disrupts mitochondrial respiration leading to cytotoxicity of human lung cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.07.544089. [PMID: 37333138 PMCID: PMC10274756 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.544089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) causes pneumonia that kills millions through acute toxicity and invasion of the lung parenchyma. During aerobic respiration, Spn releases hydrogen peroxide (Spn-H 2 O 2 ), as a by-product of enzymes SpxB and LctO, and causes cell death with signs of both apoptosis and pyroptosis by oxidizing unknown cell targets. Hemoproteins are molecules essential for life and prone to oxidation by H 2 O 2 . We recently demonstrated that during infection-mimicking conditions, Spn-H 2 O 2 oxidizes the hemoprotein hemoglobin (Hb), releasing toxic heme. In this study, we investigated details of the molecular mechanism(s) by which the oxidation of hemoproteins by Spn-H 2 O 2 causes human lung cell death. Spn strains, but not H 2 O 2 -deficient SpnΔ spxB Δ lctO strains caused time-dependent cell cytotoxicity characterized by the rearrangement of the actin, the loss of the microtubule cytoskeleton and nuclear contraction. Disruption of the cell cytoskeleton correlated with the presence of invasive pneumococci and an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species. In cell culture, the oxidation of Hb or cytochrome c (Cyt c ) caused DNA degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction from inhibition of complex I-driven respiration, which was cytotoxic to human alveolar cells. Oxidation of hemoproteins resulted in the creation of a radical, which was identified as a protein derived side chain tyrosyl radical by using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Thus, we demonstrate that Spn invades lung cells, releasing H 2 O 2 that oxidizes hemoproteins, including Cyt c , catalyzing the formation of a tyrosyl side chain radical on Hb and causing mitochondrial disruption, that ultimately leads to the collapse of the cell cytoskeleton.
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17
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Verhey KJ, Ohi R. Causes, costs and consequences of kinesin motors communicating through the microtubule lattice. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:293511. [PMID: 36866642 PMCID: PMC10022682 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are critical for a variety of important functions in eukaryotic cells. During intracellular trafficking, molecular motor proteins of the kinesin superfamily drive the transport of cellular cargoes by stepping processively along the microtubule surface. Traditionally, the microtubule has been viewed as simply a track for kinesin motility. New work is challenging this classic view by showing that kinesin-1 and kinesin-4 proteins can induce conformational changes in tubulin subunits while they are stepping. These conformational changes appear to propagate along the microtubule such that the kinesins can work allosterically through the lattice to influence other proteins on the same track. Thus, the microtubule is a plastic medium through which motors and other microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) can communicate. Furthermore, stepping kinesin-1 can damage the microtubule lattice. Damage can be repaired by the incorporation of new tubulin subunits, but too much damage leads to microtubule breakage and disassembly. Thus, the addition and loss of tubulin subunits are not restricted to the ends of the microtubule filament but rather, the lattice itself undergoes continuous repair and remodeling. This work leads to a new understanding of how kinesin motors and their microtubule tracks engage in allosteric interactions that are critical for normal cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen J. Verhey
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Author for correspondence ()
| | - Ryoma Ohi
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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18
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Gazzola M, Schaeffer A, Butler-Hallissey C, Friedl K, Vianay B, Gaillard J, Leterrier C, Blanchoin L, Théry M. Microtubules self-repair in living cells. Curr Biol 2023; 33:122-133.e4. [PMID: 36565699 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule self-repair has been studied both in vitro and in vivo as an underlying mechanism of microtubule stability. The turnover of tubulin dimers along the microtubule has challenged the pre-existing dogma that only growing ends are dynamic. However, although there is clear evidence of tubulin incorporation into the shaft of polymerized microtubules in vitro, the possibility of such events occurring in living cells remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated this possibility by microinjecting purified tubulin dimers labeled with a red fluorophore into the cytoplasm of cells expressing GFP-tubulin. We observed the appearance of red dots along the pre-existing green microtubule within minutes. We found that the fluorescence intensities of these red dots were inversely correlated with the green signal, suggesting that the red dimers were incorporated into the microtubules and replaced the pre-existing green dimers. Lateral distance from the microtubule center was similar to that in incorporation sites and in growing ends. The saturation of the size and spatial frequency of incorporations as a function of injected tubulin concentration and post-injection delay suggested that the injected dimers incorporated into a finite number of damaged sites. By our low estimate, within a few minutes of the injections, free dimers incorporated into major repair sites every 70 μm of microtubules. Finally, we mapped the location of these sites in micropatterned cells and found that they were more concentrated in regions where the actin filament network was less dense and where microtubules exhibited greater lateral fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Gazzola
- University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, CytoMorpho Lab, Hôpital Saint Louis, 10 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Schaeffer
- University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, CytoMorpho Lab, Hôpital Saint Louis, 10 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Ciarán Butler-Hallissey
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto Lab, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Karoline Friedl
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto Lab, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France; Abbelight, 191 Avenue Aristide Briand, 94230 Cachan, France
| | - Benoit Vianay
- University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, CytoMorpho Lab, Hôpital Saint Louis, 10 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Gaillard
- University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, UMR5168, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, CytoMorpho Lab, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Leterrier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto Lab, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- University of Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, UMR5168, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, CytoMorpho Lab, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Manuel Théry
- University of Paris, INSERM, CEA, UMRS1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, CytoMorpho Lab, Hôpital Saint Louis, 10 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
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19
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Anupama C, Shettar A, Ranganath SH, Srinivas SP. Experimental Oxidative Stress Breaks Down the Barrier Function of the Corneal Endothelium. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:70-79. [PMID: 36346320 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The fluid pump and barrier functions of the corneal endothelium maintain stromal deturgescence required for corneal transparency. The effect of oxidative stress, a hallmark of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), on the endothelial barrier function has been investigated. Methods: The endothelium of porcine corneas ex vivo was exposed to (1) membrane permeable oxidants (H2O2, 100 μM, 1 h; tert-butyl-hydroperoxide, 100 μM, 1 h), or (2) ultraviolet A (UVA) with photosensitizers for 15 min, riboflavin (50 μM) or tryptophan (Trp) (100 μM). The effects on the apical junction complex were analyzed by (1) immunostaining the perijunctional actomyosin ring (PAMR) and ZO-1 and (2) assessment of paracellular flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-avidin across cultured endothelial cells grown on biotinylated-gelatin film. The extent of oxidative stress was quantified by changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in addition to lipid peroxidation and release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Results: Both methods of oxidative stress led to the disruption of PAMR and ZO-1 concurrent with changes in ROS levels, depolarization of MMP, increased lipid peroxidation, elevated LDH release, and increased permeability of FITC-avidin. The effects of direct oxidants were opposed by SB-203580 [p38 mitogen-activating protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor; 10 μM]. The damage by UVA+photosensitizers was blocked by extracellular catalase (10,000 U/mL). Conclusions: (1) Acute oxidative stress breaks down the barrier function through destruction of PAMR in a p38 MAP kinase-dependent manner. (2) UVA+photosensitizers elicit the breakdown of PAMR via type I reactions, involving H2O2 release. (3) Blocking the oxidative stress prevents loss of barrier function, which could be helpful in the therapeutics of FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Anupama
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India.,Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - Abhijith Shettar
- Department of Biotechnology, MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sudhir H Ranganath
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
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20
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Martins D, Garcia LR, Queiroz DAR, Lazzarin T, Tonon CR, Balin PDS, Polegato BF, de Paiva SAR, Azevedo PS, Minicucci MF, Zornoff L. Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Target of Cardiac Remodeling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122371. [PMID: 36552578 PMCID: PMC9774406 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is defined as a group of molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that clinically manifest as changes in the heart's size, mass, geometry, and function after different stimuli. It is important to emphasize that remodeling plays a pathophysiological role in the onset and progression of ventricular dysfunction and subsequent heart failure. Therefore, strategies to mitigate this process are critical. Different factors, including neurohormonal activation, can regulate the remodeling process and increase cell death, alterations in contractile and regulatory proteins, alterations in energy metabolism, changes in genomics, inflammation, changes in calcium transit, metalloproteases activation, fibrosis, alterations in matricellular proteins, and changes in left ventricular geometry, among other mechanisms. More recently, the role of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress as modulators of remodeling has been gaining attention. Therefore, this review assesses the role of oxidative stress as a therapeutic target of cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Martins
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Rufino Garcia
- Surgery and Orthopedics Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Diego Aparecido Rios Queiroz
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Taline Lazzarin
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rodrigues Tonon
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Paola da Silva Balin
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Sergio Alberto Rupp de Paiva
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Zornoff
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 01049-010, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Hadpech S, Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. Alpha-tubulin relocalization is involved in calcium oxalate-induced tight junction disruption in renal epithelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Sabo J, Lansky Z. Molecular motors: Turning kinesin-1 into a microtubule destroyer. Curr Biol 2022; 32:R518-R520. [PMID: 35671724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin-1 is a typical microtubule-associated molecular motor that drives cargo transport in the cell. New work now shows that small changes in its structure can bring out unforeseen powers in this motor, turning it into a microtubule destroyer and highlighting the interdependencies between the biological motor and its track.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sabo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prague West, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Lansky
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prague West, Czech Republic.
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23
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Budaitis BG, Badieyan S, Yue Y, Blasius TL, Reinemann DN, Lang MJ, Cianfrocco MA, Verhey KJ. A kinesin-1 variant reveals motor-induced microtubule damage in cells. Curr Biol 2022; 32:2416-2429.e6. [PMID: 35504282 PMCID: PMC9993403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kinesins drive the transport of cellular cargoes as they walk along microtubule tracks; however, recent work has suggested that the physical act of kinesins walking along microtubules can stress the microtubule lattice. Here, we describe a kinesin-1 KIF5C mutant with an increased ability to generate damage sites in the microtubule lattice as compared with the wild-type motor. The expression of the mutant motor in cultured cells resulted in microtubule breakage and fragmentation, suggesting that kinesin-1 variants with increased damage activity would have been selected against during evolution. The increased ability to damage microtubules is not due to the enhanced motility properties of the mutant motor, as the expression of the kinesin-3 motor KIF1A, which has similar single-motor motility properties, also caused increased microtubule pausing, bending, and buckling but not breakage. In cells, motor-induced microtubule breakage could not be prevented by increased α-tubulin K40 acetylation, a post-translational modification known to increase microtubule flexibility. In vitro, lattice damage induced by wild-type KIF5C was repaired by soluble tubulin and resulted in increased rescues and overall microtubule growth, whereas lattice damage induced by the KIF5C mutant resulted in larger repair sites that made the microtubule vulnerable to breakage and fragmentation when under mechanical stress. These results demonstrate that kinesin-1 motility causes defects in and damage to the microtubule lattice in cells. While cells have the capacity to repair lattice damage, conditions that exceed this capacity result in microtubule breakage and fragmentation and may contribute to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breane G Budaitis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Somayesadat Badieyan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - T Lynne Blasius
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana N Reinemann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Matthew J Lang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Michael A Cianfrocco
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen J Verhey
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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24
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Caporizzo MA, Prosser BL. The microtubule cytoskeleton in cardiac mechanics and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:364-378. [PMID: 35440741 PMCID: PMC9270871 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule network of cardiac muscle cells has unique architectural and biophysical features to accommodate the demands of the working heart. Advances in live-cell imaging and in deciphering the 'tubulin code' have shone new light on this cytoskeletal network and its role in heart failure. Microtubule-based transport orchestrates the growth and maintenance of the contractile apparatus through spatiotemporal control of translation, while also organizing the specialized membrane systems required for excitation-contraction coupling. To withstand the high mechanical loads of the working heart, microtubules are post-translationally modified and physically reinforced. In response to stress to the myocardium, the microtubule network remodels, typically through densification, post-translational modification and stabilization. Under these conditions, physically reinforced microtubules resist the motion of the cardiomyocyte and increase myocardial stiffness. Accordingly, modified microtubules have emerged as a therapeutic target for reducing stiffness in heart failure. In this Review, we discuss the latest evidence on the contribution of microtubules to cardiac mechanics, the drivers of microtubule network remodelling in cardiac pathologies and the therapeutic potential of targeting cardiac microtubules in acquired heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Caporizzo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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25
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Abstract
Heart disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. With the advancement of modern technology, the role(s) of microtubules in the pathogenesis of heart disease has become increasingly apparent, though currently there are limited treatments targeting microtubule-relevant mechanisms. Here, we review the functions of microtubules in the cardiovascular system and their specific adaptive and pathological phenotypes in cardiac disorders. We further explore the use of microtubule-targeting drugs and highlight promising druggable therapeutic targets for the future treatment of heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Warner
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, United Kingdom (E.F.W., X.L.)
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University School of Medicine, People's Republic of China (Y.L.)
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, United Kingdom (E.F.W., X.L.)
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26
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Leser JM, Harriot A, Buck HV, Ward CW, Stains JP. Aging, Osteo-Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Mechano-Transduction. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2021; 2:782848. [PMID: 36004321 PMCID: PMC9396756 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2021.782848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The decline in the mass and function of bone and muscle is an inevitable consequence of healthy aging with early onset and accelerated decline in those with chronic disease. Termed osteo-sarcopenia, this condition predisposes the decreased activity, falls, low-energy fractures, and increased risk of co-morbid disease that leads to musculoskeletal frailty. The biology of osteo-sarcopenia is most understood in the context of systemic neuro-endocrine and immune/inflammatory alterations that drive inflammation, oxidative stress, reduced autophagy, and cellular senescence in the bone and muscle. Here we integrate these concepts to our growing understanding of how bone and muscle senses, responds and adapts to mechanical load. We propose that age-related alterations in cytoskeletal mechanics alter load-sensing and mechano-transduction in bone osteocytes and muscle fibers which underscores osteo-sarcopenia. Lastly, we examine the evidence for exercise as an effective countermeasure to osteo-sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joseph P. Stains
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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