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Dasgupta A, Reagor CC, Paik SP, Snow LM, Jacobo A, Hudspeth AJ. Semaphorin7A patterns neural circuitry in the lateral line of the zebrafish. eLife 2024; 12:RP89926. [PMID: 39133541 PMCID: PMC11318972 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In a developing nervous system, axonal arbors often undergo complex rearrangements before neural circuits attain their final innervation topology. In the lateral line sensory system of the zebrafish, developing sensory axons reorganize their terminal arborization patterns to establish precise neural microcircuits around the mechanosensory hair cells. However, a quantitative understanding of the changes in the sensory arbor morphology and the regulators behind the microcircuit assembly remain enigmatic. Here, we report that Semaphorin7A (Sema7A) acts as an important mediator of these processes. Utilizing a semi-automated three-dimensional neurite tracing methodology and computational techniques, we have identified and quantitatively analyzed distinct topological features that shape the network in wild-type and Sema7A loss-of-function mutants. In contrast to those of wild-type animals, the sensory axons in Sema7A mutants display aberrant arborizations with disorganized network topology and diminished contacts to hair cells. Moreover, ectopic expression of a secreted form of Sema7A by non-hair cells induces chemotropic guidance of sensory axons. Our findings propose that Sema7A likely functions both as a juxtracrine and as a secreted cue to pattern neural circuitry during sensory organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnik Dasgupta
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
| | - Caleb C Reagor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Computational Biology and MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sang Peter Paik
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
| | - Lauren M Snow
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
| | - Adrian Jacobo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - AJ Hudspeth
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller UniversityNew York CityUnited States
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Beaulieu MO, Thomas ED, Raible DW. Transdifferentiation is temporally uncoupled from progenitor pool expansion during hair cell regeneration in the zebrafish inner ear. Development 2024; 151:dev202944. [PMID: 39045613 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Death of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear is a common cause of auditory and vestibular impairment in mammals, which have a limited ability to regrow these cells after damage. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates, including zebrafish, can robustly regenerate hair cells after severe organ damage. The zebrafish inner ear provides an understudied model system for understanding hair cell regeneration in organs that are highly conserved with their mammalian counterparts. Here, we quantitatively examine hair cell addition during growth and regeneration of the larval zebrafish inner ear. We used a genetically encoded ablation method to induce hair cell death and we observed gradual regeneration with correct spatial patterning over a 2-week period following ablation. Supporting cells, which surround and are a source of new hair cells, divide in response to hair cell ablation, expanding the possible progenitor pool. In parallel, nascent hair cells arise from direct transdifferentiation of progenitor pool cells temporally uncoupled from supporting cell division. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of hair cell regeneration with implications for how hair cells may be encouraged to regenerate in the mammalian ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle O Beaulieu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Eric D Thomas
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David W Raible
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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3
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Miranda-Rodríguez J, López-Schier H. In preprints: theme and variations on hair-cell regeneration in zebrafish. Development 2024; 151:dev204240. [PMID: 39069944 DOI: 10.1242/dev.204240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
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Giffen KP, Liu H, Yamane KL, Li Y, Chen L, Kramer KL, Zallocchi M, He DZ. Molecular Specializations Underlying Phenotypic Differences in Inner Ear Hair Cells of Zebrafish and Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595729. [PMID: 38826418 PMCID: PMC11142236 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Hair cells (HCs) are the sensory receptors of the auditory and vestibular systems in the inner ears of vertebrates that selectively transduce mechanical stimuli into electrical activity. Although all HCs have the hallmark stereocilia bundle for mechanotransduction, HCs in non-mammals and mammals differ in their molecular specialization in the apical, basolateral and synaptic membranes. HCs of non-mammals, such as zebrafish (zHCs), are electrically tuned to specific frequencies and possess an active process in the stereocilia bundle to amplify sound signals. Mammalian cochlear HCs, in contrast, are not electrically tuned and achieve amplification by somatic motility of outer HCs (OHCs). To understand the genetic mechanisms underlying differences among adult zebrafish and mammalian cochlear HCs, we compared their RNA-seq-characterized transcriptomes, focusing on protein-coding orthologous genes related to HC specialization. There was considerable shared expression of gene orthologs among the HCs, including those genes associated with mechanotransduction, ion transport/channels, and synaptic signaling. For example, both zebrafish and mouse HCs express Tmc1, Lhfpl5, Tmie, Cib2, Cacna1d, Cacnb2, Otof, Pclo and Slc17a8. However, there were some notable differences in expression among zHCs, OHCs, and inner HCs (IHCs), which likely underlie the distinctive physiological properties of each cell type. Tmc2 and Cib3 were not detected in adult mouse HCs but tmc2a and b and cib3 were highly expressed in zHCs. Mouse HCs express Kcna10, Kcnj13, Kcnj16, and Kcnq4, which were not detected in zHCs. Chrna9 and Chrna10 were expressed in mouse HCs. In contrast, chrna10 was not detected in zHCs. OHCs highly express Slc26a5 which encodes the motor protein prestin that contributes to OHC electromotility. However, zHCs have only weak expression of slc26a5, and subsequently showed no voltage dependent electromotility when measured. Notably, the zHCs expressed more paralogous genes including those associated with HC-specific functions and transcriptional activity, though it is unknown whether they have functions similar to their mammalian counterparts. There was overlap in the expressed genes associated with a known hearing phenotype. Our analyses unveil substantial differences in gene expression patterns that may explain phenotypic specialization of zebrafish and mouse HCs. This dataset also includes several protein-coding genes to further the functional characterization of HCs and study of HC evolution from non-mammals to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberlee P. Giffen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Huizhan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kacey L. Yamane
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ken L. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Marisa Zallocchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Z.Z. He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
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Yang H, Zong T, Liu J, Wang D, Gong K, Yin H, Zhang W, Xu T, Yang R. Rutin Attenuates Gentamycin-induced Hair Cell Injury in the Zebrafish Lateral Line via Suppressing STAT1. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04179-4. [PMID: 38653908 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside antibiotics, including gentamicin (GM), induce delayed ototoxic effects such as hearing loss after prolonged use, which results from the death of hair cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides warrant further investigation, and there are currently no effective drugs in the clinical setting. Herein, the therapeutic effect of the flavonoid compound rutin against the ototoxic effects of GM in zebrafish hair cells was investigated. Animals incubated with rutin (100-400 µmol/L) were protected against the pernicious effects of GM (200 µmol/L). We found that rutin improves hearing behavior in zebrafish, and rutin was effective in reducing the number of Tunel-positive cells in the neuromasts of the zebrafish lateral line and promoting cell proliferation after exposure to GM. Subsequently, rutin exerted a protective effect against GM-induced cell death in HEI-OC1 cells and could limit the production of cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and diminish the percentage of apoptotic cells. Additionally, the results of the proteomic analysis revealed that rutin could effectively inhibit the expression of necroptosis and apoptosis related genes. Meanwhile, molecular docking analysis revealed a high linking activity between the molecular docking of rutin and STAT1 proteins. The protection of zebrafish hair cells or HEI-OC1 cells from GM-induced ototoxicity by rutin was attenuated by the introduction of STAT1 activator. Finally, we demonstrated that rutin significantly improves the bacteriostatic effect of GM by in vitro experiments, emphasising its clinical application value. In summary, these results collectively unravel a novel therapeutic role for rutin as an otoprotective drug against the adverse effects of GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zong
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Dengxu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical school of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Gong
- The First Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Jining Key Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jining Medical University, No. 133, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Rong Yang
- Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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Bell JM, Biesemeyer C, Turner EM, Vanderbeck MM, McGraw HF. foxg1a is required for hair cell development and regeneration in the zebrafish lateral line. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.12.589268. [PMID: 38659824 PMCID: PMC11042177 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.12.589268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mechanosensory hair cells located in the inner ear mediate the sensations of hearing and balance. If damaged, mammalian inner ear hair cells are unable to regenerate, resulting in permanent sensory deficits. Aquatic vertebrates like zebrafish (Danio rerio) have a specialized class of mechanosensory hair cells found in the lateral line system, allowing them to sense changes in water current. Unlike mammalian inner ear hair cells, lateral line hair cells can robustly regenerate following damage. In mammalian models, the transcription factor Foxg1 functions to promote normal development of the inner ear. Foxg1a is expressed in lateral line sensory organs in zebrafish larvae, but its function during lateral line development and regeneration has not been investigated. We find that loss of Foxg1a function results in reduced hair cell development and regeneration, as well as decreased cellular proliferation in the lateral line system. These data suggest that Foxg1 may be a valuable target for investigation of clinical hair cell regeneration. Summary statement Our work demonstrates a role for Foxg1a in developing and regenerating new sensory cells through proliferation.
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Beaulieu MO, Thomas ED, Raible DW. Transdifferentiation is uncoupled from progenitor pool expansion during hair cell regeneration in the zebrafish inner ear. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588777. [PMID: 38645220 PMCID: PMC11030336 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Death of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear is a common cause of auditory and vestibular impairment in mammals, which have a limited ability to regrow these cells after damage. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates including zebrafish can robustly regenerate hair cells following severe organ damage. The zebrafish inner ear provides an understudied model system for understanding hair cell regeneration in organs that are highly conserved with their mammalian counterparts. Here we quantitatively examine hair cell addition during growth and regeneration of the larval zebrafish inner ear. We used a genetically encoded ablation method to induce hair cell death and observed gradual regeneration with correct spatial patterning over two weeks following ablation. Supporting cells, which surround and are a source of new hair cells, divide in response to hair cell ablation, expanding the possible progenitor pool. In parallel, nascent hair cells arise from direct transdifferentiation of progenitor pool cells uncoupled from progenitor division. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of hair cell regeneration with implications for how hair cells may be encouraged to regenerate in the mammalian ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle O. Beaulieu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle, WA
| | - Eric D. Thomas
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biological Structure University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David W. Raible
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle, WA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biological Structure University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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8
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Rodríguez-Morales R. Sensing in the dark: Constructive evolution of the lateral line system in blind populations of Astyanax mexicanus. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11286. [PMID: 38654714 PMCID: PMC11036076 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cave-adapted animals evolve a suite of regressive and constructive traits that allow survival in the dark. Most studies aiming at understanding cave animal evolution have focused on the genetics and environmental underpinnings of regressive traits, with special emphasis on vision loss. Possibly as a result of vision loss, other non-visual sensory systems have expanded and compensated in cave species. For instance, in many cave-dwelling fish species, including the blind cavefish of the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, a major non-visual mechanosensory system called the lateral line, compensated for vision loss through morphological expansions. While substantial work has shed light on constructive adaptation of this system, there are still many open questions regarding its developmental origin, synaptic plasticity, and overall adaptive value. This review provides a snapshot of the current state of knowledge of lateral line adaption in A. mexicanus, with an emphasis on anatomy, synaptic plasticity, and behavior. Multiple open avenues for future research in this system, and how these can be leveraged as tools for both evolutionary biology and evolutionary medicine, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodríguez-Morales
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
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Minařík M, Modrell MS, Gillis JA, Campbell AS, Fuller I, Lyne R, Micklem G, Gela D, Pšenička M, Baker CVH. Identification of multiple transcription factor genes potentially involved in the development of electrosensory versus mechanosensory lateral line organs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1327924. [PMID: 38562141 PMCID: PMC10982350 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1327924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In electroreceptive jawed vertebrates, embryonic lateral line placodes give rise to electrosensory ampullary organs as well as mechanosensory neuromasts. Previous reports of shared gene expression suggest that conserved mechanisms underlie electroreceptor and mechanosensory hair cell development and that electroreceptors evolved as a transcriptionally related "sister cell type" to hair cells. We previously identified only one transcription factor gene, Neurod4, as ampullary organ-restricted in the developing lateral line system of a chondrostean ray-finned fish, the Mississippi paddlefish (Polyodon spathula). The other 16 transcription factor genes we previously validated in paddlefish were expressed in both ampullary organs and neuromasts. Here, we used our published lateral line organ-enriched gene-set (arising from differential bulk RNA-seq in late-larval paddlefish), together with a candidate gene approach, to identify 25 transcription factor genes expressed in the developing lateral line system of a more experimentally tractable chondrostean, the sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus, a small sturgeon), and/or that of paddlefish. Thirteen are expressed in both ampullary organs and neuromasts, consistent with conservation of molecular mechanisms. Seven are electrosensory-restricted on the head (Irx5, Irx3, Insm1, Sp5, Satb2, Mafa and Rorc), and five are the first-reported mechanosensory-restricted transcription factor genes (Foxg1, Sox8, Isl1, Hmx2 and Rorb). However, as previously reported, Sox8 is expressed in ampullary organs as well as neuromasts in a catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula), suggesting the existence of lineage-specific differences between cartilaginous and ray-finned fishes. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that ampullary organs and neuromasts develop via largely conserved transcriptional mechanisms, and identify multiple transcription factors potentially involved in the formation of electrosensory versus mechanosensory lateral line organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Minařík
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Melinda S. Modrell
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. Andrew Gillis
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Alexander S. Campbell
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Isobel Fuller
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Lyne
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gos Micklem
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Gela
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czechia
| | - Martin Pšenička
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czechia
| | - Clare V. H. Baker
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Jia Y, Jiang Q, Sun S. Embryonic expression patterns of TBL1 family in zebrafish. Gene Expr Patterns 2024; 51:119355. [PMID: 38272246 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2024.119355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Except the addition of TBL1Y in human, transducing beta like 1 (TBL1) family mainly consists of two members TBL1X and TBL1XR1, taking part in multiple intracellular signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB in cancer progression. However, the gene expression patterns of this family during embryonic development remain largely unknown. Here we took advantage of zebrafish model to characterize the spatial and temporal expression patterns of TBL1 family genes including tbl1x, tbl1xr1a and tbl1xr1b. The in situ hybridization studies of gene expression showed robust expressions of tbl1x and tbl1xr1b as maternal transcripts except tbl1xr1a. As the embryo develops, zygotic expressions of all TBL1 family members occur and have a redundant and broad pattern including in brain, neural retina, pharyngeal arches, otic vesicles, and pectoral fins. Ubiquitous expression of all family members were ranked from the strongest to the weakest: tbl1xr1a, tbl1x, and tbl1xr1b. In addition, one tbl1xr1a transcript tbl1xr1a202 showed unique and rich expression in the developing heart and lateral line neuromasts. Overall, all members of zebrafish TBL1 family shared numerous similarities and exhibited certain distinctions in the expression patterns, indicating that they might have redundant and exclusive functions to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Jia
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, PR China
| | - Qiu Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
| | - Shuna Sun
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, PR China.
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11
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Choi SW, Abitbol JM, Cheng AG. Hair Cell Regeneration: From Animals to Humans. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 17:1-14. [PMID: 38271988 PMCID: PMC10933805 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2023.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cochlear hair cells convert sound into electrical signals that are relayed via the spiral ganglion neurons to the central auditory pathway. Hair cells are vulnerable to damage caused by excessive noise, aging, and ototoxic agents. Non-mammals can regenerate lost hair cells by mitotic regeneration and direct transdifferentiation of surrounding supporting cells. However, in mature mammals, damaged hair cells are not replaced, resulting in permanent hearing loss. Recent studies have uncovered mechanisms by which sensory organs in non-mammals and the neonatal mammalian cochlea regenerate hair cells, and outlined possible mechanisms why this ability declines rapidly with age in mammals. Here, we review similarities and differences between avian, zebrafish, and mammalian hair cell regeneration. Moreover, we discuss advances and limitations of hair cell regeneration in the mature cochlea and their potential applications to human hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Julia M. Abitbol
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alan G. Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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12
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Zhao Y, Xu Z, Zhang R, Liu M, Lu C, Fan C, Wang J. Integrated scRNAseq analyses of mouse cochlear supporting cells reveal the involvement of Ezh2 in hair cell regeneration. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:217. [PMID: 38281217 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In lower vertebrates like fish, the inner ear and lateral line hair cells (HCs) can regenerate after being damaged by proliferation/differentiation of supporting cells (SCs). However, the HCs of mouse cochlear could only regenerate within one to two weeks after birth but not for adults. METHODS AND RESULTS To better understand the molecular foundations, we collected several public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data of mouse cochleae from E14 to P33 and extracted the prosensory and supporting cells specifically. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) results revealed a down-regulation of genes in Notch signaling pathway during postnatal stages (P7 and P33). We also identified 107 time-course co-expression genes correlated with developmental stage and predicated that EZH2 and KLF15 may be the key transcriptional regulators for these genes. Expressions of candidate target genes of EZH2 and KLF15 were also found in supporting cells of the auditory epithelia in chick and the neuromasts in zebrafish. Furthermore, inhibiting EZH2 suppressed regeneration of hair cells in zebrafish neuromasts and altered expressions of some developmental stage correlated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results extended the understanding for molecular basis of hair cell regeneration ability and revealed the potential role of Ezh2 in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengcheng Lu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Horizon Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxin Fan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lingang New Area, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Megerson E, Kuehn M, Leifer B, Bell JM, Snyder JL, McGraw HF. Kremen1 regulates the regenerative capacity of support cells and mechanosensory hair cells in the zebrafish lateral line. iScience 2024; 27:108678. [PMID: 38205258 PMCID: PMC10776957 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear mediate the sensations of hearing and balance, and in the specialized lateral line sensory system of aquatic vertebrates, the sensation of water movement. In mammals, hair cells lack the ability to regenerate following damage, resulting in sensory deficits. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates, such as zebrafish, can renew hair cells throughout their lifespan. Wnt signaling is required for development of inner ear and lateral line hair cells and regulates regeneration. Kremen1 inhibits Wnt signaling and hair cell formation, though its role in regeneration is unknown. We used a zebrafish kremen1 mutant line to show overactive Wnt signaling results in supernumerary support cells and hair cell regeneration without increased proliferation, in contrast with the previously described role of Wnt signaling during hair cell regeneration. This work allows us to understand the biology of mechanosensory hair cells and how regeneration might be promoted following damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Megerson
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Michael Kuehn
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Ben Leifer
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Jon M. Bell
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Julia L. Snyder
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Hillary F. McGraw
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
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14
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Peloggia J, Lush ME, Tsai YY, Wood C, Piotrowski T. Environmental and molecular control of tissue-specific ionocyte differentiation in zebrafish. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.12.575421. [PMID: 38260427 PMCID: PMC10802608 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Organisms adjust their physiology to cope with environmental fluctuations and maintain fitness. These adaptations occur via genetic changes over multiple generations or through acclimation, a set of reversible phenotypic changes that confer resilience to the individual. Aquatic organisms are subject to dramatic seasonal fluctuations in water salinity, which can affect the function of lateral line mechanosensory hair cells. To maintain hair cell function when salinity decreases, ion-regulating cells, Neuromast-associated ionocytes (Nm ionocytes), increase in number and invade lateral line neuromasts. How environmental changes trigger this adaptive differentiation of Nm ionocytes and how these cells are specified is still unknown. Here, we identify Nm ionocyte progenitors as foxi3a/foxi3b-expressing skin cells and show that their differentiation is associated with sequential activation of different Notch pathway components, which control ionocyte survival. We demonstrate that new Nm ionocytes are rapidly specified by absolute salinity levels, independently of stress response pathways. We further show that Nm ionocyte differentiation is selectively triggered by depletion of specific ions, such as Ca2+ and Na+/Cl-, but not by low K+ levels, and is independent of media osmolarity. Finally, we demonstrate that hair cell activity plays a role in Nm ionocyte recruitment and that systemic factors are not necessary for Nm ionocyte induction. In summary, we have identified how environmental changes activate a signaling cascade that triggers basal skin cell progenitors to differentiate into Nm ionocytes and invade lateral line organs. This adaptive behavior is an example of physiological plasticity that may prove essential for survival in changing climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Peloggia
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Mark E. Lush
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Ya-Yin Tsai
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Christopher Wood
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Tatjana Piotrowski
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Lead Contact
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15
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Tuz-Sasik MU, Manuel R, Boije H. Efferent axons in the zebrafish lateral line degenerate following sensory hair cell ablation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 127:103900. [PMID: 37714280 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish lateral line is a frequently used model to study the mechanisms behind peripheral neuronal innervation of sensory organs and the regeneration thereof. The lateral line system consists of neuromasts, a cluster of protruding hair cells, which are innervated by sensory afferent and modulatory efferent neurons. These flow-sensing hair cells are similar to the hair cells in the mammalian ear. Though, while hair cell loss in humans is irreversible, the zebrafish neuromasts are regarded as the fastest regenerating structure in vertebrates, making them an ideal model to study regeneration. However, one component of the lateral line system, the efferent projections, has largely been omitted in regenerative studies. Here, for the first time, we bring insights into the fate of efferent axons during ablation and regeneration of the hair cells in the zebrafish lateral line. Our behavioral analysis showed functional recovery of hair cells and sensory transmission within 48 h and their regeneration were in line with previous studies. Analysis of the inhibitory efferent projections revealed that in approximately half the cases the inhibitory efferent axons degenerated, which was never observed for the sensory afferent axons. Quantification of hair cells following ablation suggests that the presence of mature hair cells in the neuromast may prevent axon degeneration. Within 120 h, degenerated efferent axons regenerated along the axonal tract of the lateral line. Reanalysis of published single cell neuromast data hinted to a role for Bdnf in the survival of efferent axons. However, sequestering Bdnf, blocking the Trk-receptors, and inhibiting the downstream ERK-signaling, did not induce axon degeneration, indicating that efferent survival is not mediated through neurotrophic factors. To further explore the relation between hair cells and efferent projections, we generated atoh1a mutants, where mature hair cells never form. In larvae lacking hair cells, inhibitory efferent projections were still present, following the tract of the sensory afferent without displaying any innervation. Our study reveal the fate of efferent innervation following hair cell ablation and provide insights into the inherent differences in regeneration between neurons in the peripheral and central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Umay Tuz-Sasik
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cell and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Remy Manuel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cell and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Boije
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cell and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Li X, Morgan C, Nadar‐Ponniah PT, Kolanus W, Doetzlhofer A. TRIM71 reactivation enhances the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of cochlear supporting cells. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56562. [PMID: 37492931 PMCID: PMC10481673 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear hair cell loss is a leading cause of deafness in humans. Neighboring supporting cells have some capacity to regenerate hair cells. However, their regenerative potential sharply declines as supporting cells undergo maturation (postnatal day 5 in mice). We recently reported that reactivation of the RNA-binding protein LIN28B restores the hair cell-regenerative potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells. Here, we identify the LIN28B target Trim71 as a novel and equally potent enhancer of supporting cell plasticity. TRIM71 is a critical regulator of stem cell behavior and cell reprogramming; however, its role in cell regeneration is poorly understood. Employing an organoid-based assay, we show that TRIM71 re-expression increases the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells by facilitating their de-differentiation into progenitor-like cells. Our mechanistic work indicates that TRIM71's RNA-binding activity is essential for such ability, and our transcriptomic analysis identifies gene modules that are linked to TRIM71 and LIN28B-mediated supporting cell reprogramming. Furthermore, our study uncovers that the TRIM71-LIN28B target Hmga2 is essential for supporting cell self-renewal and hair cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Jun Li
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Present address:
Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710054China
| | - Charles Morgan
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Prathamesh T Nadar‐Ponniah
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES)University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Angelika Doetzlhofer
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Otolaryngology and Center for Hearing and BalanceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
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17
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Wang X, Llamas J, Trecek T, Shi T, Tao L, Makmura W, Crump JG, Segil N, Gnedeva K. SoxC transcription factors shape the epigenetic landscape to establish competence for sensory differentiation in the mammalian organ of Corti. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301301120. [PMID: 37585469 PMCID: PMC10450657 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301301120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The auditory organ of Corti is comprised of only two major cell types-the mechanosensory hair cells and their associated supporting cells-both specified from a single pool of prosensory progenitors in the cochlear duct. Here, we show that competence to respond to Atoh1, a transcriptional master regulator necessary and sufficient for induction of mechanosensory hair cells, is established in the prosensory progenitors between E12.0 and 13.5. The transition to the competent state is rapid and is associated with extensive remodeling of the epigenetic landscape controlled by the SoxC group of transcription factors. Conditional loss of Sox4 and Sox11-the two homologous family members transiently expressed in the inner ear at the time of competence establishment-blocks the ability of prosensory progenitors to differentiate as hair cells. Mechanistically, we show that Sox4 binds to and establishes accessibility of early sensory lineage-specific regulatory elements, including ones associated with Atoh1 and its direct downstream targets. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of Sox4 or Sox11 prior to developmental establishment of competence precociously induces hair cell differentiation in the cochlear progenitors. Further, reintroducing Sox4 or Sox11 expression restores the ability of postnatal supporting cells to differentiate as hair cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrate the pivotal role of SoxC family members as agents of epigenetic and transcriptional changes necessary for establishing competence for sensory receptor differentiation in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizi Wang
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Juan Llamas
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Talon Trecek
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Tuo Shi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Litao Tao
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Welly Makmura
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - J. Gage Crump
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Neil Segil
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Ksenia Gnedeva
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
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18
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Mi J, Liu KC, Andersson O. Decoding pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation and β cell regeneration in zebrafish. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf5142. [PMID: 37595046 PMCID: PMC10438462 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf5142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to mice, zebrafish have an exceptional yet elusive ability to replenish lost β cells in adulthood. Understanding this framework would provide mechanistic insights for β cell regeneration, which may be extrapolated to humans. Here, we characterize a krt4-expressing ductal cell type, which is distinct from the putative Notch-responsive cells, showing neogenic competence and giving rise to the majority of endocrine cells during postembryonic development. Furthermore, we demonstrate a marked ductal remodeling process featuring a Notch-responsive to krt4+ luminal duct transformation during late development, indicating several origins of krt4+ ductal cells displaying similar transcriptional patterns. Single-cell transcriptomics upon a series of time points during β cell regeneration unveil a previously unrecognized dlb+ transitional endocrine precursor cell, distinct regulons, and a differentiation trajectory involving cellular shuffling through differentiation and dedifferentiation dynamics. These results establish a model of zebrafish pancreatic endocrinogenesis and highlight key values of zebrafish for translational studies of β cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ka-Cheuk Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Sun Y, Liu Z. Recent advances in molecular studies on cochlear development and regeneration. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 81:102745. [PMID: 37356371 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The auditory organ cochlea harbors two types of sound receptors, inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs), which are innervated by spiral (auditory) ganglion neurons (SGNs). Recent transcriptomic, epigenetic, and genetic studies have started to reveal various aspects of cochlear development, including how prosensory progenitors are specified and diversified into IHCs or OHCs, as well as the heterogeneity among SGNs and how SGN subtypes are formed. Here, we primarily review advances in this line of research over the past five years and discuss a few key studies (from the past two years) to elucidate (1) how prosensory progenitors are specified; (2) the cis-regulatory control of Atoh1 expression and the synergistic interaction between Atoh1 and Pou4f3; and (3) the essential roles of Insm1 and Ikzf2 in OHC development and Tbx2 in IHC development. Moreover, we highlight the contribution of recent molecular studies on cochlear development toward the goal of regenerating IHCs and OHCs, which holds considerable potential for application in treating human deafness. Lastly, we briefly summarize the most recent progress on uncovering when and how SGN diversity is generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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20
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Wang X, Zhou Z, Yu C, He K, Sun L, Kou Y, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Luo P, Wen L, Chen G. A prestin-targeting peptide-guided drug delivery system rearranging concentration gradient in the inner ear: An improved strategy against hearing loss. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 187:106490. [PMID: 37295658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is mainly due to outer hair cell (OHC) damage in three cochlear turns. Local administration via the round window membrane (RWM) has considerable otological clinical potential in bypassing the blood-labyrinth barrier. However, insufficient drug distribution in the apical and middle cochlear turns results in unsatisfactory efficacy. We functionalized poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) with targeting peptide A665, which specifically bound to prestin, a protein uniquely expressed in OHCs. The modification facilitated the cellular uptake and RWM permeability of NPs. Notably, the guide of A665 towards OHCs enabled more NPs perfusion in the apical and middle cochlear turns without decreasing accumulation in the basal cochlear turn. Subsequently, curcumin (CUR), an appealing anti-ototoxic drug, was encapsulated in NPs. In aminoglycoside-treated guinea pigs with the worst hearing level, CUR/A665-PLGA NPs, with superior performance to CUR/PLGA NPs, almost completely preserved the OHCs in three cochlear turns. The lack of increased low-frequencies hearing thresholds further confirmed that the delivery system with prestin affinity mediated cochlear distribution rearrangement. Good inner ear biocompatibility and little or no embryonic zebrafish toxicity were observed throughout the treatment. Overall, A665-PLGA NPs act as desirable tools with sufficient inner ear delivery for improved efficacy against severe hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zeming Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kerui He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lifang Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuwei Kou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Sunho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000853, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 000853, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery & Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System & Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation & Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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21
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Megerson E, Kuehn M, Leifer B, Bell J, McGraw HF. Kremen1 regulates the regenerative capacity of support cells and mechanosensory hair cells in the zebrafish lateral line. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.27.550825. [PMID: 37546780 PMCID: PMC10402150 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.27.550825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear mediate the sensations of hearing and balance, and in a specialize lateral line sensory system of aquatic vertebrates, the sensation of water movement. In mammals, hair cells lack the ability of regenerate following damage, resulting in sensory deficits. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates, such zebrafish, can renew hair cells throughout the life of the animal. Wnt signaling is required for development of inner ear and lateral line hair cells and regulates regeneration. Kremen1 inhibits Wnt signaling and hair cell formation, though its role in regeneration has not been established. We use a zebrafish kremen1 mutant line, to show that when Wnt signaling is overactivated in the lateral line, excessive regeneration occurs in the absence of increased proliferation, due to an increase in support cells. This contrasts with the previously described role of Wnt signaling during hair cell regeneration. This work will allow us to understand the biology of mechanosensory hair cells, and how regeneration might be promoted following damage.
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22
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Xiao Y, Li D. The role of epigenetic modifications in sensory hair cell development, survival, and regulation. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1210279. [PMID: 37388412 PMCID: PMC10300351 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1210279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cochlea is the sensory organ in the periphery, and hair cells are its main sensory cells. The development and survival of hair cells are highly controlled processes. When cells face intracellular and environmental stimuli, epigenetic regulation controls the structure and function of the genome in response to different cell fates. During sensory hair cell development, different histone modifications can induce normal numbers of functional hair cells to generate. When individuals are exposed to environmental-related hair cell damage, epigenetic modification also plays a significant role in the regulation of hair cell fate. Since mammalian hair cells cannot regenerate, their loss can cause permanent sensorineural hearing loss. Many breakthroughs have been achieved in recent years in understanding the signaling pathways that determine hair cell regeneration, and it is fascinating to note that epigenetic regulation plays a significant role in hair cell regeneration. In this review, we discuss the role of epigenetics in inner ear cell development, survival and regeneration and the significant impact on hearing protection.
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23
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Quan YZ, Wei W, Ergin V, Rameshbabu A, Huang M, Tian C, Saladi S, Indzhykulian A, Chen ZY. Reprogramming by drug-like molecules leads to regeneration of cochlear hair cell-like cells in adult mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215253120. [PMID: 37068229 PMCID: PMC10151514 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215253120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to overcome irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage and loss in mammals are of vital importance to hearing recovery in patients with permanent hearing loss. In mature mammalian cochlea, co-activation of Myc and Notch1 reprograms supporting cells (SC) and promotes HC regeneration. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms may aid the development of a clinically relevant approach to achieve HC regeneration in the nontransgenic mature cochlea. By single-cell RNAseq, we show that MYC/NICD "rejuvenates" the adult mouse cochlea by activating multiple pathways including Wnt and cyclase activator of cyclic AMP (cAMP), whose blockade suppresses HC-like cell regeneration despite Myc/Notch activation. We screened and identified a combination (the cocktail) of drug-like molecules composing of small molecules and small interfering RNAs to activate the pathways of Myc, Notch1, Wnt and cAMP. We show that the cocktail effectively replaces Myc and Notch1 transgenes and reprograms fully mature wild-type (WT) SCs for HC-like cells regeneration in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate the cocktail is capable of reprogramming adult cochlea for HC-like cells regeneration in WT mice with HC loss in vivo. Our study identifies a strategy by a clinically relevant approach to reprogram mature inner ear for HC-like cells regeneration, laying the foundation for hearing restoration by HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Quan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Necks, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110004, China
| | - Volkan Ergin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Arun Prabhu Rameshbabu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Mingqian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Chunjie Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Srinivas Vinod Saladi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Artur A. Indzhykulian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Zheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
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24
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Smith-Cortinez N, Tan AK, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. Regeneration of Hair Cells from Endogenous Otic Progenitors in the Adult Mammalian Cochlea: Understanding Its Origins and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097840. [PMID: 37175547 PMCID: PMC10177935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to sensory hair cells and/or spiral ganglion neurons. In non-mammalian species, hair cell regeneration after damage is observed, even in adulthood. Although the neonatal mammalian cochlea carries regenerative potential, the adult cochlea cannot regenerate lost hair cells. The survival of supporting cells with regenerative potential after cochlear trauma in adults is promising for promoting hair cell regeneration through therapeutic approaches. Targeting these cells by manipulating key signaling pathways that control mammalian cochlear development and non-mammalian hair cell regeneration could lead to regeneration of hair cells in the mammalian cochlea. This review discusses the pathways involved in the development of the cochlea and the impact that trauma has on the regenerative capacity of the endogenous progenitor cells. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of manipulating key signaling pathways targeting supporting cells with progenitor potential to promote hair cell regeneration and translates these findings to the human situation. To improve hearing recovery after hearing loss in adults, we propose a combined approach targeting (1) the endogenous progenitor cells by manipulating signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, Shh, FGF and BMP/TGFβ signaling pathways), (2) by manipulating epigenetic control, and (3) by applying neurotrophic treatments to promote reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Katherine Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louise V Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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25
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Future Pharmacotherapy for Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Protection and Regeneration of Auditory Hair Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030777. [PMID: 36986638 PMCID: PMC10054686 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss has been a global burden of diseases for decades. However, according to recent progress in experimental studies on hair cell regeneration and protection, clinical trials of pharmacotherapy for sensorineural hearing loss have rapidly progressed. In this review, we focus on recent clinical trials for hair cell protection and regeneration and outline mechanisms based on associated experimental studies. Outcomes of recent clinical trials provided valuable data regarding the safety and tolerability of intra-cochlear and intra-tympanic applications as drug delivery methods. Recent findings in molecular mechanisms of hair cell regeneration suggested the realization of regenerative medicine for sensorineural hearing loss in the near future.
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26
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Comparisons between Plant and Animal Stem Cells Regarding Regeneration Potential and Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054392. [PMID: 36901821 PMCID: PMC10002278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration refers to the process by which organisms repair and replace lost tissues and organs. Regeneration is widespread in plants and animals; however, the regeneration capabilities of different species vary greatly. Stem cells form the basis for animal and plant regeneration. The essential developmental processes of animals and plants involve totipotent stem cells (fertilized eggs), which develop into pluripotent stem cells and unipotent stem cells. Stem cells and their metabolites are widely used in agriculture, animal husbandry, environmental protection, and regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences in animal and plant tissue regeneration, as well as the signaling pathways and key genes involved in the regulation of regeneration, to provide ideas for practical applications in agriculture and human organ regeneration and to expand the application of regeneration technology in the future.
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27
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Amiel AR, Tsai SL, Wehner D. Embracing the diversity of model systems to deconstruct the basis of regeneration and tissue repair. Development 2023; 150:286821. [PMID: 36718794 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The eighth EMBO conference in the series 'The Molecular and Cellular Basis of Regeneration and Tissue Repair' took place in Barcelona (Spain) in September 2022. A total of 173 researchers from across the globe shared their latest advances in deciphering the molecular and cellular basis of wound healing, tissue repair and regeneration, as well as their implications for future clinical applications. The conference showcased an ever-expanding diversity of model organisms used to identify mechanisms that promote regeneration. Over 25 species were discussed, ranging from invertebrates to humans. Here, we provide an overview of the exciting topics presented at the conference, highlighting novel discoveries in regeneration and perspectives for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldine R Amiel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), 06107 Nice, France
| | - Stephanie L Tsai
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel Wehner
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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28
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O'Sullivan JDB, Bullen A, Mann ZF. Mitochondrial form and function in hair cells. Hear Res 2023; 428:108660. [PMID: 36525891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hair cells (HCs) are specialised sensory receptors residing in the neurosensory epithelia of inner ear sense organs. The precise morphological and physiological properties of HCs allow us to perceive sound and interact with the world around us. Mitochondria play a significant role in normal HC function and are also intricately involved in HC death. They generate ATP essential for sustaining the activity of ion pumps, Ca2+ transporters and the integrity of the stereociliary bundle during transduction as well as regulating cytosolic calcium homoeostasis during synaptic transmission. Advances in imaging techniques have allowed us to study mitochondrial populations throughout the HC, and how they interact with other organelles. These analyses have identified distinct mitochondrial populations between the apical and basolateral portions of the HC, in which mitochondrial morphology appears determined by the physiological processes in the different cellular compartments. Studies in HCs across species show that ototoxic agents, ageing and noise damage directly impact mitochondrial structure and function resulting in HC death. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying this mitochondrial sensitivity, and how their morphology relates to their function during HC death, requires that we first understand this relationship in the context of normal HC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D B O'Sullivan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K
| | - Anwen Bullen
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1×8EE, U.K.
| | - Zoë F Mann
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K.
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29
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Stepwise fate conversion of supporting cells to sensory hair cells in the chick auditory epithelium. iScience 2023; 26:106046. [PMID: 36818302 PMCID: PMC9932131 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to mammals, the avian cochlea, specifically the basilar papilla, can regenerate sensory hair cells, which involves fate conversion of supporting cells to hair cells. To determine the mechanisms for converting supporting cells to hair cells, we used single-cell RNA sequencing during hair cell regeneration in explant cultures of chick basilar papillae. We identified dynamic changes in the gene expression of supporting cells, and the pseudotime trajectory analysis demonstrated the stepwise fate conversion from supporting cells to hair cells. Initially, supporting cell identity was erased and transition to the precursor state occurred. A subsequent gain in hair cell identity progressed together with downregulation of precursor-state genes. Transforming growth factor β receptor 1-mediated signaling was involved in induction of the initial step, and its inhibition resulted in suppression of hair cell regeneration. Our data provide new insights for understanding fate conversion from supporting cells to hair cells in avian basilar papillae.
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30
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Li XJ, Morgan C, Nadar-Ponniah PT, Kolanus W, Doetzlhofer A. Reactivation of the progenitor gene Trim71 enhances the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of cochlear supporting cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.12.523802. [PMID: 36711735 PMCID: PMC9882147 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear hair cell loss is a leading cause of deafness in humans. Neighboring supporting cells have some capacity to regenerate hair cells. However, their regenerative potential sharply declines as supporting cells undergo maturation (postnatal day 5 in mice). We recently reported that reactivation of the RNA-binding protein LIN28B restores the hair cell-regenerative potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells. Here, we identify the LIN28B target Trim71 as a novel and equally potent enhancer of supporting cell plasticity. TRIM71 is a critical regulator of stem cell behavior and cell reprogramming, however, its role in cell regeneration is poorly understood. Employing an organoid-based assay, we show that TRIM71 reactivation increases the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells by facilitating their de-differentiation into progenitor-like cells. Our mechanistic work indicates that TRIM71’s RNA-binding activity is essential for such ability, and our transcriptomic analysis identifies gene modules that are linked to TRIM71 and LIN28B-mediated supporting cell reprogramming. Furthermore, our study uncovers that the TRIM71-LIN28B target Hmga2 is essential for supporting cell self-renewal and hair cell formation.
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31
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Shi T, Beaulieu MO, Saunders LM, Fabian P, Trapnell C, Segil N, Crump JG, Raible DW. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the zebrafish inner ear reveals molecularly distinct hair cell and supporting cell subtypes. eLife 2023; 12:82978. [PMID: 36598134 PMCID: PMC9851615 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A major cause of human deafness and vestibular dysfunction is permanent loss of the mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear. In non-mammalian vertebrates such as zebrafish, regeneration of missing hair cells can occur throughout life. While a comparative approach has the potential to reveal the basis of such differential regenerative ability, the degree to which the inner ears of fish and mammals share common hair cells and supporting cell types remains unresolved. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing of the zebrafish inner ear at embryonic through adult stages to catalog the diversity of hair cells and non-sensory supporting cells. We identify a putative progenitor population for hair cells and supporting cells, as well as distinct hair and supporting cell types in the maculae versus cristae. The hair cell and supporting cell types differ from those described for the lateral line system, a distributed mechanosensory organ in zebrafish in which most studies of hair cell regeneration have been conducted. In the maculae, we identify two subtypes of hair cells that share gene expression with mammalian striolar or extrastriolar hair cells. In situ hybridization reveals that these hair cell subtypes occupy distinct spatial domains within the three macular organs, the utricle, saccule, and lagena, consistent with the reported distinct electrophysiological properties of hair cells within these domains. These findings suggest that primitive specialization of spatially distinct striolar and extrastriolar hair cells likely arose in the last common ancestor of fish and mammals. The similarities of inner ear cell type composition between fish and mammals validate zebrafish as a relevant model for understanding inner ear-specific hair cell function and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Shi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Marielle O Beaulieu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Lauren M Saunders
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Peter Fabian
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Neil Segil
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - J Gage Crump
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - David W Raible
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Biological Structure, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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32
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Nist-Lund C, Kim J, Koehler KR. Advancements in inner ear development, regeneration, and repair through otic organoids. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2022; 76:101954. [PMID: 35853286 PMCID: PMC10425989 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2022.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate inner ear contains a diversity of unique cell types arranged in a particularly complex 3D cytoarchitecture. Both of these features are integral to the proper development, function, and maintenance of hearing and balance. Since the elucidation of the timing and delivery of signaling molecules to produce inner ear sensory cells, supporting cells, and neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells, we have entered a revolution using organ-like 'otic organoid' cultures to explore inner ear specific genetic programs, developmental rules, and potential therapeutics. This review aims to highlight a selection of reviews and primary research papers from the past two years of particular merit that use otic organoids to investigate the broadly defined topics of cell reprogramming, regeneration, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Nist-Lund
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Karl R. Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
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33
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Echeverri K. Zebrafishing for enhancers of hearing regeneration. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:100178. [PMID: 36778669 PMCID: PMC9903800 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of regeneration-specific enhancer elements has added an exciting player to the field of regeneration biology. In this issue of Cell Genomics, Jimenez et al.1 demonstrate the power of combining single-cell genomics with the genetically tractable zebrafish to identify modulators of adult hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Echeverri
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
- Corresponding author
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34
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Su F, Yang H, Sun L. A Review of Histocytological Events and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Intestine Regeneration in Holothurians. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081095. [PMID: 35892951 PMCID: PMC9332576 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Many species of sea cucumber in Echinodermata may eviscerate most of or even all internal organs when encountering predators or adverse environments, and can achieve regeneration within a certain time. Although regeneration time varies, the mechanism is common. This paper reviewed the intestinal regeneration process of sea cucumbers from the perspectives of histocytology and molecular mechanism. Echinodermata has a special evolutionary position between achordate and chordate, so we hope to explore the common regeneration conserved signals between invertebrates and vertebrates by recording the intestinal regeneration of sea cucumbers. Abstract Most species of the class Holothuroidea are able to regenerate most of their internal organs following a typical evisceration process, which is a unique mechanism that allows sea cucumbers to survive in adverse environments. In this review, we compare autotomy among different type of sea cucumber and summarize the histocytological events that occur during the five stages of intestinal regeneration. Multiple cytological activities, such as apoptosis and dedifferentiation, take place during wound healing and anlage formation. Many studies have focused on the molecular regulation mechanisms that underlie regeneration, and herein we describe the techniques that have been used as well as the development-related signaling pathways and key genes that are significantly expressed during intestinal regeneration. Future analyses of the underlying mechanisms responsible for intestinal regeneration should include mapping at the single-cell level. Studies of visceral regeneration in echinoderms provide a unique perspective for understanding whole-body regeneration or appendage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (F.S.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (F.S.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
- The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lina Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (F.S.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0532-82898645
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