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Zhang C, Liu H, Li X, Xiao N, Chen H, Feng H, Li Y, Yang Y, Zhang R, Zhao X, Du Y, Bai L, Ma R, Wan J. Cold atmospheric plasma enhances SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating PCAF mediated HOXB9 acetylation. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103299. [PMID: 39127016 PMCID: PMC11363999 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with high incidence and poor survival rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, inducing oxidative stress in malignant tissues without causing thermal damage. However, the role of CAP in regulating lung cancer cell ferroptosis remains unclear. Here, we observed that CAP effectively suppressed the growth and migration abilities of lung cancer cells, with significantly increased ferroptotic cell death, lipid peroxidation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, CAP regulates SLC7A11-mediated cell ferroptosis by modulating HOXB9. SLC7A11, a potent ferroptosis suppressor, was markedly reduced by HOXB9 knockdown, while it was enhanced by overexpressing HOXB9. The luciferase and ChIP assays confirmed that HOXB9 can directly target SLC7A11 and regulate its gene transcription. Additionally, CAP enhanced the acetylation modification level of HOXB9 by promoting its interaction with acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF). Acetylated HOXB9 affects its protein ubiquitination modification level, which in turn affects its protein stability. Notably, the upregulation of SLC7A11 and HOXB9 mitigated the suppressive effects of CAP on ferroptosis status, cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, animal models have also confirmed that CAP can inhibit the progression of lung cancer in vivo. Overall, this study highlights the significance of the downregulation of the HOXB9/SLC7A11 axis by CAP treatment in inhibiting lung cancer, offering novel insights into the potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CAP for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haoran Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-beam Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruike Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangzhuan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanmin Du
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhecheng People's Hospital, Shangqiu, Henan, China
| | - Ruonan Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-beam Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Junhu Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Gonçalves JD, Ferraz JBS, Meirelles FV, Nociti RP, Oliveira MEF. An Exploratory Data Analysis from Ovine and Bovine RNA-Seq Identifies Pathways and Key Genes Related to Cervical Dilatation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2052. [PMID: 37443850 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study developed a review and exploration of data in public and already validated repositories. The main objective was to identify the pathways involved in ruminants' cervical dilatation, which are conserved between cattle and sheep in the follicular and luteal phases of the reproductive cycle. In cattle, 1961 genes were more differentially expressed in the follicular phase and 1560 in the luteal phase. An amount of 24 genes were considered exclusively expressed from these. A total of 18 genes were in the follicular phase and 6 genes were in the luteal phase. In sheep, 2126 genes were more differentially expressed in the follicular phase and 2469 genes were more differentially expressed in the luteal phase. Hoxb genes were identified in both species and are correlated with the PI3K/Akt pathway. PI3K/Akt was also found in both cattle and sheep, appearing prominently in the follicular and luteal phases of both species. Our analyses have pointed out that the PI3K/Akt pathway and the Hoxb genes appear in prominence in modulating mechanisms that involve estrus alterations in the cervix. PI3K/Akt appears to be an important pathway in the cervical relaxation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joedson Dantas Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- Molecular Morphophysiology and Development Laboratory, Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Food Engineering-FZEA, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 255, Pirassununga 14635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Molecular Morphophysiology and Development Laboratory, Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Food Engineering-FZEA, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 255, Pirassununga 14635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Molecular Morphophysiology and Development Laboratory, Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Food Engineering-FZEA, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 255, Pirassununga 14635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
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Jin Q, Xu L, Wang J, Lin J, Lin H. Pan-cancer analysis of Homeobox B9 as a predictor for prognosis and immunotherapy in human tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204785. [PMID: 37301547 PMCID: PMC10292867 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several animal and cell studies have described the association between HOXB9 and cancers, there is no pan-cancer investigation of HOXB9. In this article, we explored the expression levels and prognosis of HOXB9 in pan-cancer. We evaluated the correlation of HOXB9 expression level with the efficacy of immunotherapy. METHODS We conducted a survival analysis of HOXB9 in various types of cancer using publicly available databases. We also examined the relationship between HOXB9 expression levels and several factors including prognosis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, and DNA methylation. TIMER2.0 tool was conducted to explore the immune cell infiltrations related to HOXB9 in this analysis. RESULTS It was discovered through a comprehensive analysis of multiple public datasets that HOXB9 expression was highly expressed in most tumor tissues and cancer cell lines and that distinct associations exist between HOXB9 expression and tumor patient prognosis. Besides, HOXB9 expression was closely associated with immune cell infiltration and checkpoint genes in many cancers. Further, HOXB9 was associated with immune cell infiltration, TMB, MSI, MMR, and DNA methylation. It was also confirmed that HOXB9 was highly expressed in clinical GBM tissues. Experiments further revealed that knockdown of HOXB9 expression could suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that HOXB9, a robust tumor biomarker, has a significant prognostic value. HOXB9 may act as a new predictor to assess cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of the immune in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Jin
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Junling Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
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Xu Y, Zhang M, Shi Q, Cheng X, Du R, Li C, Zhang Y. Identification of HOXB9 to predict prognosis of endometrial cancer based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:79. [PMID: 36803556 PMCID: PMC9936693 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The HOXB9 gene, which plays a key role in embryonic development, is also involved in the regulation of various human cancers. However, the potential relationship between HOXB9 and endometrial cancer (EC) has not yet been comprehensively analyzed and fully understood. METHODS We used multiple bioinformatics tools to explore the role of HOXB9 in EC. RESULTS The expression of HOXB9 was significantly upregulated in pan-cancer, including EC (P < 0.05). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiment confirmed the high expression of HOXB9 in EC from clinical samples (P < 0.001). Double validated by Enrichr and Metascape, HOXB9 showed a strong correlation with HOX family, suggesting that HOX family may also involve in the development of EC (P < 0.05). Enrichment analysis revealed HOXB9 is mainly associated with cellular process, developmental process, P53 signaling pathway, etc. At the single-cell level, the clusters of cells ranked were glandular and luminal cells c-24, glandular and luminal cells c-9, endothelial cells c-15, compared with the other cells. At the genetic level, promoter methylation levels of HOXB9 were significantly higher in tumors than in normal tissues. Furthermore, variations of HOXB9 were closely associated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) in EC patients (P < 0.05). The agreement between univariate and multivariate Cox regression indicated that the results were more reliable. Stages III and IV, G2 and G3, tumor invasion ≥ 50%, mixed or serous histological type, age > 60 years, and high expression of HOXB9 were risk factors strongly associated with OS in EC patients (P < 0.05). Therefore, six factors were incorporated to construct a nomogram for survival prediction. Finally, we used the Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and time-dependent ROC to assess predictive power of HOXB9. KM curve showed EC patients overexpressing HOXB9 had a worse OS. AUC of diagnostic ROC was 0.880. AUCs of time-dependent ROC were 0.602, 0.591, and 0.706 for 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival probabilities (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study provids new insights into the diagnosis and prognosis of HOXB9 in EC and constructs a model that can accurately predict the prognosis of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 Xi-Si Road, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Mu Zhang
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Qin Shi
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Center For Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Xi Cheng
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 Xi-Si Road, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Rong Du
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 Xi-Si Road, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Chenglu Li
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 Xi-Si Road, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 Xi-Si Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Homeobox B9 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via TGF-β1/Smad and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1080315. [PMID: 36158877 PMCID: PMC9507699 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Homeobox B9 (HOXB9), a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, may play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the exact mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. Materials and methods. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of HOBX9 and its prognostic values in HCC patients. HCC cells were transfected with pBabe-HOXB9 and shHOXB9 plasmids, and MTT assay, Transwell assays, and xenograft mouse models were employed to determine the effects of HOXB9 on HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. The biological mechanisms involved in the role of HOXB9 were determined with Western blot and RT-qPCR methods. Results HOXB9 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissues and cell lines. Patients with higher HOXB9 levels were associated with poor prognosis. Overexpression of HOXB9 in BEL-7405 cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas knockdown of HOXB9 in HepG2 cells significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Mechanically, a positive correlation was found between HOXB9 expression and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway in HCC tissues. HOXB9 overexpression stimulated TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in BEL-7405 cells. In contrast, HOXB9 knockdown inhibited the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. In addition, the treatment with TGF-β1 inhibitor, LY364947, significantly reserved HOXB9 overexpression-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Conclusions These findings validated that HOXB9 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells by stimulating the TGF-β1/Smads and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. HOXB9 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Xie L, Wang Q, Yan Z, Han Y, Ma X, Li H, Zhang L, Li X, Guo X. OSgc: A Web Portal to Assess the Performance of Prognostic Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:856988. [PMID: 35371973 PMCID: PMC8965707 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.856988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the prognostic value of genes of interest in different populations of gastric cancer (GC) is difficult and time-consuming for basic and translational researchers even though many datasets are available in public dataset depositories. In the current study, we developed a robust web-based portal called OSgc (Online consensus Survival analysis of gastric cancer) that enables easy and swift verification of known and novel biomarker candidates in GC. OSgc is composed of gene expression profiling data and clinical follow-up information of 1,824 clinical GC cases, which are collected from 7 public independent datasets derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). By OSgc, users input the official gene symbol and will promptly retrieve the Kaplan-Meier survival plot with hazard ratio (HR) and log rank p value on the output webpage, by which users could assess the prognostic value of interesting genes for GC patients. Five survival end points containing overall survival, progression-free survival, progression-free interval, relapse-free survival, and disease-free survival could be measured in OSgc. OSgc can greatly help cancer biologists and clinicians to explore the effect of gene expression on patient survival. OSgc is freely available without restrictions at http://bioinfo.henu.edu.cn/GC/GCList.jsp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhongyi Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yali Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Nanshi Hospital of Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Study on HOXBs of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Detection of New Molecular Target. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5541423. [PMID: 34306077 PMCID: PMC8282400 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5541423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our study examined the transcriptional and survival data of HOXBs in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from the ONCOMINE database, Human Protein Atlas, and STRING website. We discovered that the expression levels of HOXB3/5/6/8/9 were significantly lower in ccRCC than in normal nephritic tissues. In ccRCC, patients with a high expression of HOXB2/5/6/7/8/9 mRNA have a higher overall survival (OS) than patients with low expression. Further analysis by the GSCALite website revealed that the methylation of HOXB3/5/6/8 in ccRCC was significantly negatively correlated to gene expression, while HOXB5/9 was positively correlated to the CCT036477 drug target. As DNA abnormal methylation is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, we hypothesized that HOXB5/6/8/9 are potential therapeutic targets for patients with ccRCC. We analyzed the function of enrichment data of HOXBs in patients with ccRCC from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment and the PANTHER pathway. The results of the analysis show that the function of HOXBs might be associated with the Wnt pathway and that HOXB5/6/8/9 was coexpressed with multiple Wnt pathway classical genes and proteins, such as MYC, CTNNB, Cyclin D1 (CCND1), and tumor protein P53 (TP53), which further confirms that HOXBs inhibit the growth of renal carcinoma cells through the Wnt signaling pathway. In conclusion, our analysis of the family of HOXBs and their molecular mechanism may provide a theoretical basis for further research.
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Wei XG, Bi KW, Li B. Phenotypic Plasticity Conferred by the Metastatic Microenvironment of the Brain Strengthens the Intracranial Tumorigenicity of Lung Tumor Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637911. [PMID: 34055607 PMCID: PMC8155524 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and is the primary source of brain metastases. Despite great advances in the study of the genetics and etiology of lung cancer in previous decades, the identification of the factors and mechanisms underlying the brain metastasis of lung tumors is still an open question. In this study, the results of bioinformatic conjoint analysis revealed that the metastatic microenvironment in the brain conferred lung tumor cell phenotypic plasticity, characterized by neural cell-like and embryonic–stem cell-like features. Meanwhile, the metabolic phenotype of the educated tumor cells underwent transition characterized by oxygen-related metabolism. The results of the experiments demonstrated that the downregulation of HOXB9 weakened the tumorigenicity of lung tumor cells. Bioinformatic prediction analysis also determined that many cell cycle-associated factors were potentially transcribed by HOXB9. Collectively, the results of this study suggested that under the influence of the metastatic environment of the brain, lung tumor cells seemed to acquire phenotypic plasticity characterized by neural cell-like features, and this transition may be associated with the aberrant upregulation of HOXB9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ge Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke-Wei Bi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Su SF, Liu CH, Cheng CL, Ho CC, Yang TY, Chen KC, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chen HW, Chang GC, Yu SL, Li KC. Genome-Wide Epigenetic Landscape of Lung Adenocarcinoma Links HOXB9 DNA Methylation to Intrinsic EGFR-TKI Resistance and Heterogeneous Responses. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.20.00151. [PMID: 34036228 PMCID: PMC8140798 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show efficacy in treating patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-activating mutations. However, a significant subset of targeted patients fail to respond. Unlike acquired resistance (AR), intrinsic resistance (IR) remains poorly understood. We investigated whether epigenomic factors contribute to patient-to-patient heterogeneity in the EGFR-TKI response and aimed to characterize the IR subpopulation that obtains no benefit from EGFR-TKIs. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of 79 tumors sampled from patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma before they received EGFR-TKI treatment and analyzed the patient responses. Pyrosequencing was performed in a validation cohort of 163 patients with EGFR-activating mutations. RESULTS A DNA methylation landscape of 216 CpG sites with differential methylation was established to elucidate the association of DNA methylation with the characteristics and EGFR-TKI response status of the patients. Functional analysis of 37 transcription-repressive sites identified the enrichment of transcription factors, notably homeobox (HOX) genes. DNA methylation of HOXB9 (cg13643585) in the enhancer region yielded 88% sensitivity for predicting drug response (odds ratio [OR], 6.64; 95% CI, 1.98 to 25.23; P = .0009). Pyrosequencing validated that HOXB9 gained methylation in patients with a poor EGFR-TKI response (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.13 to 8.19; P = .019). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that homeobox DNA methylation could be a novel tumor cellular state that can aid the precise categorization of tumor heterogeneity in the study of IR to EGFR-TKIs. We identified, for the first time, an epigenomic factor that can potentially complement DNA mutation status in discriminating patients with lung adenocarcinoma who are less likely to benefit from EGFR-TKI treatment, thereby leading to improved patient management in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fang Su
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,YongLin Institute of Health, YongLin Scholar, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ling Cheng
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Zheng H, Li C, Li Z, Zhu K, Bao H, Xiong J, Liang P. HOXB9 enhances the ability of lung cancer cells to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:4999-5019. [PMID: 33411683 PMCID: PMC7950248 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Even after multimodal therapy, the prognosis is dismal for patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits tumor cell penetration into the brain parenchyma, some nevertheless colonize brain tissue through mechanisms that are not fully clear. Here we show that homeobox B9 (HOXB9), which is commonly overexpressed in NSCLC, promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor migration and invasion. Animal experiments showed that HOXB9 expression correlates positively with the brain metastatic potential of human NSCLC cells, while brain metastatic cells derived through in vivo selection showed greater HOXB9 expression than their cells of origin. Comparable results were obtained after immunohistochemical analysis of clinical primary NSCLC and matched brain metastasis samples obtained after surgery. Using an in vitro BBB model, knockdown and overexpression experiments showed that HOXB9-dependent expression of MMP9 in NSCLC cells leads to reduced expression of junctional proteins in cultured human vascular endothelial cells and enhanced transmigration of tumor cells. These data indicate that HOXB9 enables NSCLC cells to break away from the primary tumor by inducing EMT, and promotes brain metastasis by driving MMP9 production and degradation of intercellular adhesion proteins in endothelial cells comprising the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongShan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - ChenLong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - ZhenZhe Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - KaiBin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - HongBo Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - JinSheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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HOX Genes Family and Cancer: A Novel Role for Homeobox B9 in the Resistance to Anti-Angiogenic Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113299. [PMID: 33171691 PMCID: PMC7695342 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The inhibition of angiogenesis, relying on the use of drugs targeting the VEGF signaling pathway, has become one of the main strategies for cancer treatment. However, the intrinsic and acquired resistance to this type of therapy limit its efficacy. Thus, the identification of novel therapeutic targets is urgently needed. The resistance to anti-angiogenic treatment often occurs through the activation of alternative VEGF independent signaling pathways and recruitment of bone marrow-derived pro-angiogenic cells in the tumor microenvironment. HOX genes are key regulators of embryonic development, also involved in angiogenesis and in cancer progression. HOXB9 upregulation occurs in many types of cancer and it has been identified as a critical transcription factor involved in tumour resistance to anti-angiogenic drugs. Indeed, HOXB9 modulates the expression of alternative pro-angiogenic secreted factors in the tumour microenvironment leading tumor escape from the anti-angiogenic treatments. Hence, HOXB9 could serves as a novel therapeutic target to overcome the resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Abstract Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and the inhibition of pro-angiogenic factors and or their receptors has become a primary strategy for cancer therapy. However, despite promising results in preclinical studies, the majority of patients either do not respond to these treatments or, after an initial period of response, they develop resistance to anti-angiogenic agents. Thus, the identification of a novel therapeutic target is urgently needed. Multiple mechanisms of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy have been identified, including the upregulation of alternative angiogenic pathways and the recruitment of pro-angiogenic myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Homeobox containing (HOX) genes are master regulators of embryonic development playing a pivotal role during both embryonic vasculogenesis and pathological angiogenesis in adults. The importance of HOX genes during cancer progression has been reported in many studies. In this review we will give a brief description of the HOX genes and their involvement in angiogenesis and cancer, with particular emphasis on HOXB9 as a possible novel target for anti-angiogenic therapy. HOXB9 upregulation has been reported in many types of cancers and it has been identified as a critical transcription factor involved in resistance to anti-angiogenic drugs.
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12
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Li Y, Huo J, He J, Zhang Y, Ma X. BTG1 inhibits malignancy as a novel prognosis signature in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:490. [PMID: 33041670 PMCID: PMC7542768 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the three major malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. In recent years, the incidence and mortality rate of EC have increased. B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) is an anti-proliferation gene that regulates the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors, but there is no research regarding this gene in EC. Methods Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we used a variety of bioinformatics tools and databases to explore the expression and prognosis of BTG1. We verified expression and prognosis of BTG1 in EC using qRT-PCR and analyzed the relevant clinicopathological parameters. We functionally enriched BTG1 and related genes in EC patients through the bioinformatics website and analyzed miRNA targets of BTG1 and interacting protein networks. Cell proliferation, wound healing, transwell invasion, and cell apoptosis assays were used to detect the effects of BTG1 on the malignant biological behavior of endometrial carcinoma cells (ECCs). The effect of BTG1 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process was detected using western blot. Results We analyzed the expression and prognosis of BTG1 based on TCGA and found that low expression of BTG1 was associated with poor EC prognosis. The qRT-PCR suggested that BTG1 had low expression in EC. BTG1 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) shortening. Clinicopathological analysis suggested that expression of BTG1 was related to invasion depth and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. EC pathological tissue type, fertility history, lymphatic metastasis, menopause, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and age of diagnosis were not related. Functional enrichment analysis showed that BTG1 plays an important role in regulating embryonic development, tumorigenesis, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Biological behavior experiments suggest that BTG1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of ECCs, and promotes apoptosis of ECCs. Western blot indicated that BTG1 inhibited the EMT process of ECCs. Conclusions BTG1, as a tumor suppressor gene, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of EC. We believe that BTG1 can be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Huo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Junjian He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzheng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning People's Republic of China
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13
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Jin X, Dai L, Ma Y, Wang J, Yan H, Jin Y, Zhu X, Liu Z. Homeobox proteins are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:866. [PMID: 32907552 PMCID: PMC7487678 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have described the aberrant expression of homeobox (HOX) proteins in gastric cancer (GC), which is critically associated with the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of GC. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical value and action mechanisms of HOX proteins in GC. METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% CI were used to assess the effect of HOX protein expression on the prognosis and clinicopathological features of GC, respectively. RESULTS Nineteen studies containing 3775 patients were selected for this study. Heterogeneity among HRs of overall survival (OS) was markedly high (I2 = 90.5%, p = 0.000). According to the subgroup analysis, increased expression of HOX protein in the downregulated subgroup was associated with a good prognosis for patients with GC (pooled HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.36-0.59, I2 = 3.1%, p = 0.377), while overexpression of HOX protein in the upregulated subgroup was correlated with a reduced OS (pooled HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.79-3.74, I2 = 73.5%, p = 0.000). The aberrant expression of HOX protein was crucially related to the TNM stage, depth of tumour invasion, tumour size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, vascular invasion, histological differentiation and Lauren classification in patients with GC. In addition, the molecular mechanisms by which HOX proteins regulate tumorigenesis and development of GC were also explored. CONCLUSIONS HOX proteins play vital roles in GC progression, which might serve as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Dai
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilan Ma
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Wang
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihao Yan
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Jin
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Centre for Digestive Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210011, People's Republic of China.
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Sun X, Song J, Zhang J, Zhan J, Fang W, Zhang H. Acetylated HOXB9 at lysine 27 is of differential diagnostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Med 2019; 14:91-100. [PMID: 31372881 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the ninth most common human malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in China. AcK27-HOXB9 is a newly identified HOXB9 post-transcriptional modification that can predict the outcome in lung adenocarcinoma and colon cancer well. However, the role of AcK27-HOXB9 in PDAC is unclear. The present study aims to investigate the differential diagnostic role of patients with AcK27-HOXB9 PDAC. Tissue microarrays consisting of 162 pancreatic tumor tissue samples from patients with PDAC and paired normal subjects were used to examine HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 levels and localizations by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot assay, respectively. HOXB9 was upregulated (P < 0.0001), and AcK27-HOXB9 (P =0.0023) was downregulated in patients with PDAC. HOXB9 promoted (P = 0.0115), while AcK27-HOXB9 (P = 0.0279) inhibited PDAC progression. AcK27-HOXB9 predicted favorable outcome in patients with PDAC (P = 0.0412). AcK27-HOXB9 also suppressed PDAC cell migration in a cell migration assay. The results of this study showed that HOXB9 promoted and AcK27-HOXB9 suppressed PDAC progression. The determination of ratio between HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 exhibited potential diagnostic value in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weigang Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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15
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Kato F, Wada N, Hayashida T, Fukuda K, Nakamura R, Takahashi T, Kawakubo H, Takeuchi H, Kitagawa Y. Experimental and clinicopathological analysis of HOXB9 in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3097-3102. [PMID: 30867739 PMCID: PMC6396214 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between homeobox (HOX)B9 expression and tumor malignancy was identified recently. It was reported that HOXB9 induced tumor angiogenesis, and associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast and colon cancer. On the other hand, regional lymph nodes are the most common site of tumor spread, and lymph node metastasis is a major prognostic factor in gastric cancer. It was hypothesized that HOXB9 promotes tumor lymphangiogenesis and induces tumor progression, invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between HOXB9 expression, prognosis and clinicopathologic factors in patients with gastric cancer, and to assess the contribution of HOXB9 expression to tumor cell lymphangiogenesis in vitro. HOXB9 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in resected tumor tissues from 58 patients with gastric cancer, and the association between prognosis and clinicopathologic factors was determined. HOXB9 gene was overexpressed in human gastric cancer TMK-1 cells and the effect of HOXB9 overexpression on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D and VEGF receptor (R)-3 was determined. It was demonstrated that the depth of tumor invasion, the number of node metastases, lymphatic invasion and vascular invasion were significantly associated with HOXB9 expression. Overall survival was decreased in patients with HOXB9 expression. The mRNA expression of VEGF-D but not of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 was increased in HOXB9-overexpressing TMK-1 cells compared with control cells. In conclusion, HOXB9 expression was positively correlated with gastric cancer progression and lymphangiogenesis marker expression. HOXB9 may be associated with lymphogenic metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Kato
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Norihito Wada
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsu Hayashida
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rieko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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16
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Zhang L, Wu Q, He C, Liang D, Yi Q, Shi J, Wan B, Yang R, Li L, Sha S, Chang Q. HOXB9 inhibits proliferation in gastric carcinoma cells via suppression of phosphorylated-Akt and NF-κB-dependent Snail expression. Dig Liver Dis 2019; 51:157-165. [PMID: 30314948 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HOXB9 is a homeobox transcription factor which plays an important role in carcinoma development. This protein has been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. However, the mechanisms that underpin HOXB9-mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation remain to be elucidated. METHODS In this study, two gastric cancer cell lines, SGC7901 and MKN45, were transfected with plasmids pLVX-HOXB9 and shHOXB9. These transfections resulted in the over-expression of the HOXB9 gene in the SGC7901/HOXB9 cells and knockdown of the HOXB9 gene in the MKN45/shHOXB9 cells. RESULTS Over-expression of the HOXB9 gene in the SGC7901/HOXB9 cells caused an increase in the apoptotic rate and a concomitant reduction in metastatic ability compared with the knocked-down MKN45/shHOXB9 cells. Moreover, a reduction in the expression of the phosphorylated-Akt protein was observed in the SGC7901/HOXB9 cells, while an increase in expression of the same protein was observed in the MKN45/shHOXB9 cells. We also observed that HOXB9 mediated a reduction in both NF-κB and N-cadherin and Snail protein expression. Conversely, HOXB9 caused an increase in the expression of E-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study reports that HOXB9 can suppress both phosphorylated-Akt expression and NF-κB activity. The latter phenomenon affects Snail protein expression and the inhibition of gastric carcinoma proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changyu He
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyu Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Yi
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Boshun Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyi Li
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Sha
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Chang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Li W, Ng JMK, Wong CC, Ng EKW, Yu J. Molecular alterations of cancer cell and tumour microenvironment in metastatic gastric cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:4903-4920. [PMID: 29795331 PMCID: PMC6127089 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The term metastasis is widely used to describe the endpoint of the process by which tumour cells spread from the primary location to an anatomically distant site. Achieving successful dissemination is dependent not only on the molecular alterations of the cancer cells themselves, but also on the microenvironment through which they encounter. Here, we reviewed the molecular alterations of metastatic gastric cancer (GC) as it reflects a large proportion of GC patients currently seen in clinic. We hope that further exploration and understanding of the multistep metastatic cascade will yield novel therapeutic targets that will lead to better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jennifer Mun-Kar Ng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Enders Kwok Wai Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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18
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Wan J, Liu H, Feng Q, Liu J, Ming L. HOXB9 promotes endometrial cancer progression by targeting E2F3. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:509. [PMID: 29724991 PMCID: PMC5938704 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
HOXB9, as a HOX family transcription factor, playing a significant role in embryonic development and cancer progression. However, the function of HOXB9 and its precise mechanism in regulating endometrial cancer progression remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of HOXB9 was increased in endometrial cancer, and associated with histological grade and lymph node metastasis. In addition, elevated HOXB9 predicts a poor prognosis in endometrial cancer patients. Interestingly, bioinformatics analysis of TCGA cancer database showed that HOXB9 expression is positively correlated with E2F3 expression. Moreover, HOXB9 promoted E2F3 expression by directly targeting to its promoter. Furthermore, we found that knocking down E2F3 abolished the ability of HOXB9 in enhancing cell migration. Taken together, for the first, we demonstrated the function and mechanism of HOXB9 in regulating endometrial cancer progression, and indicated HOXB9 may be a novel prognostic marker of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhu Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Quanling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhecheng People's Hospital, 476000, Shangqiu, Henan, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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19
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He DD, Lu Y, Gittelman R, Jin Y, Ling F, Joshua A. Positive selection of the TRIM family regulatory region in primate genomes. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.1602. [PMID: 27733547 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral selection pressure has acted on restriction factors that play an important role in the innate immune system by inhibiting the replication of viruses during primate evolution. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family members are some of these restriction factors. It is becoming increasingly clear that gene expression differences, rather than protein-coding regions changes, could play a vital role in the anti-retroviral immune mechanism. Increasingly, recent studies have created genome-scale catalogues of DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs), which demark potentially functional regulatory DNA. To improve our understanding of the molecular evolution mechanism of antiviral differences between species, we leveraged 14 130 DHSs derived from 145 cell types to characterize the regulatory landscape of the TRIM region. Subsequently, we compared the alignments of the DHSs across six primates and found 375 DHSs that are conserved in non-human primates but exhibit significantly accelerated rates of evolution in the human lineage (haDHSs). Furthermore, we discovered 31 human-specific potential transcription factor motifs within haDHSs, including the KROX and SP1, that both interact with HIV-1 Importantly, the corresponding haDHS was correlated with antiviral factor TRIM23 Thus, our results suggested that some viruses may contribute, through regulatory DNA differences, to organismal evolution by mediating TRIM gene expression to escape immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan He
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueer Lu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rachel Gittelman
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98125, USA
| | - Yabin Jin
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ling
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Akey Joshua
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98125, USA
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20
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HOXB9 Expression Correlates with Histological Grade and Prognosis in LSCC. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3680305. [PMID: 28808656 PMCID: PMC5541786 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3680305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the HOX gene expression profile in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and assess whether some genes are associated with the clinicopathological features and prognosis in LSCC patients. The HOX gene levels were tested by microarray and validated by qRT-PCR in paired cancerous and adjacent noncancerous LSCC tissue samples. The microarray testing data of 39 HOX genes revealed 15 HOX genes that were at least 2-fold upregulated and 2 that were downregulated. After qRT-PCR evaluation, the three most upregulated genes (HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13) were selected for tissue microarray (TMA) analysis. The correlations between the HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13 expression levels and both clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed. Three HOX gene expression levels were markedly increased in LSCC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues (P < 0.001). HOXB9 was found to correlate with histological grade (P < 0.01) and prognosis (P < 0.01) in LSCC. In conclusion, this study revealed that HOXB9, HOXB13, and HOXD13 were upregulated and may play important roles in LSCC. Moreover, HOXB9 may serve as a novel marker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in LSCC patients.
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Xie Q, Liu D, Yu M, Wu X, Zhao Y, Hu Q, Wang Q. Homeobox B9 facilitates hypertrophic scar formation via activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1669-1676. [PMID: 28656236 PMCID: PMC5562094 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The functions and underlying mechanisms of homeobox B9 (HOXB9) in scar formation remain unclear; therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether HOXB9 is highly expressed in hypertrophic scar formation. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression levels of laminin, fibronectin (FN), collagen type I (Col1) and HOXB9 in hypertrophic scar and healthy skin tissues, and in lentivirus‑constructed HOXB9‑overexpressed or ‑silenced fibroblasts (FBs). Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXB9, laminin, FN, Col1, extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK), c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), p38, p‑c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), p‑ERK and p‑p38. A gel contraction assay was used to evaluate the effect of HOXB9 on FB contraction. Co‑immunoprecipitation assays were performed to verify the reciprocal interactions between HOXB9 and ERK, JNK and p38. It was demonstrated that HOXB9, laminin, FN and Col1 were upregulated in hypertrophic scar tissues, and HOXB9 upregulated laminin, FN, Col1, p‑ERK, p‑JNK and p38, potentially by interacting directly with p38. Furthermore, FBs overexpressing HOXB9 exhibited enhanced contractile capacity. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that HOXB9 may facilitate hypertrophic scar formation via activating the mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Mosheng Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Yueqiang Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
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22
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Chang Q, Zhang L, He C, Zhang B, Zhang J, Liu B, Zeng N, Zhu Z. HOXB9 induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in gastric carcinoma is negatively regulated by its hexapeptide motif. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42838-53. [PMID: 26536658 PMCID: PMC4767475 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXB9, a transcription factor, plays an important role in development. While HOXB9 has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis, its mechanisms are variable and its role in gastric carcinoma (GC) remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the expression of HOXB9 decreased in gastric carcinoma and was associated with malignancy and metastasis. Re-expression of HOXB9 in gastric cell lines resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which was accompanied by the induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Comparative sequence analysis and examination of a HOXB9 structural model indicated that three sites might possibly be involved in MET regulation. The in vitro study of HOXB9 mutants showed that these were unable to inhibit MET induction. However, when overexpressing a HOXB9 mutant lacking the hexapeptide motif, a more potent MET induction and tumor suppression was observed compared to that of the wild-type, indicating that the presence of the hexapeptide motif reduced HOXB9 MET induction and tumor suppression activity. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that HOXB9 is a tumor suppressor in gastric carcinoma, and its activity was controlled by different regulatory mechanisms such as the hexapeptide motif as a "brake" in this case. The results of these regulatory effects could lead to either oncogenic or tumor suppressive roles of HOXB9, depending on the context of the particular type of cancer involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Current Address: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Changyu He
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baogui Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Naiyan Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Key laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wan J, Xu W, Zhan J, Ma J, Li X, Xie Y, Wang J, Zhu WG, Luo J, Zhang H. PCAF-mediated acetylation of transcriptional factor HOXB9 suppresses lung adenocarcinoma progression by targeting oncogenic protein JMJD6. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:10662-10675. [PMID: 27613418 PMCID: PMC5159546 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HOXB9 is a homeobox domain-containing transcription factor, playing an important role in embryonic development and cancer progression. However, the precise post-translational modifications (PTMs) of HOXB9 and the corresponding roles are unclear. Here, we report that acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) interacts with and acetylates HOXB9 both in vivo and in vitro Conversely, the acetylation of HOXB9 can be reversed by deacetylase SIRT1. Furthermore, we found that HOXB9 is acetylated at lysine 27 (AcK27). Functionally, in contrast to the wild type HOXB9, AcK27-HOXB9 decreased its capacity in promoting lung cancer cell migration and tumor growth in mice. Mechanistically, AcK27-HOXB9 suppresses the transcription of its target gene Jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) by direct occupying the promoter of JMJD6 gene. For clinical relevance, elevated HOXB9 acetylation at K27 predicts a better prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Taken together, we identified the first PTM of HOXB9 by demonstrating that HOXB9 can be acetylated and AcK27-HOXB9 counteracts the role of the wild-type HOXB9 in regulating lung adenocarcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhu Wan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhi Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuping Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiadong Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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24
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Oliveira-Costa JP, de Carvalho AF, da Silveira DGG, Amaya P, Wu Y, Park KJJ, Gigliola MP, Lustberg M, Buim MEC, Ferreira EN, Kowalski LP, Chalmers JJ, Soares FA, Carraro DM, Ribeiro-Silva A. Gene expression patterns through oral squamous cell carcinoma development: PD-L1 expression in primary tumor and circulating tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20902-20. [PMID: 26041877 PMCID: PMC4673238 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common tumor of the oral cavity and has been associated with poor prognosis. Scarce prognostic markers are available for guiding treatment and/or sub-classifying patients. This study aims to identify biomarkers by searching for genes whose expression is increased or decreased during tumor progression (through T1 to T4 stages). Thirty-six samples from all tumor size stages (from T1 to T4) were analyzed using cDNA microarrays. Selected targets were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in circulating tumor cells by immunofluorescence and Nanostring. Correlation was shown between PD-L1 and tumor size and lymph node metastasis, HOXB9 and tumor size, BLNK and perineural invasion, and between ZNF813 and perineural invasion. PD-L1 positivity was an independent prognostic factor in this cohort (p = 0.044, HH = 0.426). In CTCs from patients with locally advanced OSCC, we found a strong cytoplasmatic expression of PD-L1. PD-L1 is a ligand of PD-1 and is believed to limit T cell activity in inflammatory responses and limit autoimmune diseases. We demonstrated an important role for PD-L1 in primary tumors according to tumor size, and in disease specific survival. Therefore, we could further determine individuals with PD-L1+ CTCs, and possibly follow treatment using CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Paulo Oliveira-Costa
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Alex Fiorini de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Peter Amaya
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yongqi Wu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyoung-Joo Jenny Park
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mabel Pinilla Gigliola
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maryam Lustberg
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro-Silva
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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25
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Fonseca FP, Bingle L, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, Coletta RD, de Andrade BAB, Mariano FV, Kowalski LP, Rangel ALCA, Martins MD, Meurer L, Hunter KD, Speight PM, Vargas PA. Immunoexpression of hoxb7 and hoxb9 in salivary gland tumours. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:672-681. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine; University of Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; School of Clinical Dentistry; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Lynne Bingle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; School of Clinical Dentistry; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | | | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine; University of Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine; University of Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery; A.C. Camargo Cancer Center; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Luise Meurer
- Medical and Dental Schools; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Keith D. Hunter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; School of Clinical Dentistry; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Pretoria; Pretoria South Africa
| | - Paul M. Speight
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology; School of Clinical Dentistry; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine; University of Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology; School of Dentistry; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Pretoria; Pretoria South Africa
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26
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Li H, Yu B, Li J, Su L, Yan M, Zhang J, Li C, Zhu Z, Liu B. Characterization of differentially expressed genes involved in pathways associated with gastric cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125013. [PMID: 25928635 PMCID: PMC4415781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the patterns of gene expression in gastric cancer, a total of 26 paired gastric cancer and noncancerous tissues from patients were enrolled for gene expression microarray analyses. Limma methods were applied to analyze the data, and genes were considered to be significantly differentially expressed if the False Discovery Rate (FDR) value was < 0.01, P-value was <0.01 and the fold change (FC) was >2. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) categories were used to analyze the main functions of the differentially expressed genes. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, we found pathways significantly associated with the differential genes. Gene-Act network and co-expression network were built respectively based on the relationships among the genes, proteins and compounds in the database. 2371 mRNAs and 350 lncRNAs considered as significantly differentially expressed genes were selected for the further analysis. The GO categories, pathway analyses and the Gene-Act network showed a consistent result that up-regulated genes were responsible for tumorigenesis, migration, angiogenesis and microenvironment formation, while down-regulated genes were involved in metabolism. These results of this study provide some novel findings on coding RNAs, lncRNAs, pathways and the co-expression network in gastric cancer which will be useful to guide further investigation and target therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beiqin Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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27
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Darda L, Hakami F, Morgan R, Murdoch C, Lambert DW, Hunter KD. The role of HOXB9 and miR-196a in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122285. [PMID: 25860510 PMCID: PMC4393232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that a number of HOX genes, a family of transcription factors with key roles in early development, are up-regulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers. The loci of several Homeobox (HOX) genes also contain microRNAs (miRs), including miR-196a. Methods Global miR expression and expression of all 39 HOX genes in normal oral keratinocytes (NOKs), oral pre-malignant (OPM) and HNSCC cells was assessed by expression microarray and qPCR and in tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qPCR of laser microdissected (LCM) tissues. Expression of miR196a and HOXB9 was reduced using anti-miR-196a and siRNA, respectively. Expression microarray profiles of anti-miR196a and pre-miR196a transfected cells were compared to parental cells in order to identify novel targets of miR-196a. Putative miR196a targets were validated by qPCR and were confirmed as binding to the 3’UTR of miR196a by a dual luciferase reporter assay combined with mutational analysis of the miR-196a binding site. Results miR-196a and HOXB9 are highly expressed in HNSCC compared to NOKs, a pattern also seen in HNSCC tissues by HOXB9 IHC and qPCR of miR-196a in LCM tissue. Knock-down of miR-196a expression decreased HNSCC cell migration, invasion and adhesion to fibronectin, but had no effect on proliferation. Furthermore, knock-down of HOXB9 expression decreased migration, invasion and proliferation but did not alter adhesion. We identified a novel primary mRNA transcript containing HOXB9 and miR196a-1 as predicted from in-silico analysis. Expression array analysis identified a number of miR196a targets, including MAMDC2 and HOXC8. We confirmed that MAMDC2 is a novel miR-196a target using a dual luciferase reporter assay with the effect abolished on mutation of the binding site. Conclusions These results show that miR-196a and HOXB9 are overexpressed, perhaps co-ordinately, as HNSCC develops and exert a pro-tumourigenic phenotype in HNSCC and OPM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lav Darda
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Fahad Hakami
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Morgan
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Murdoch
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine & Surgery, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel W. Lambert
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Keith D. Hunter
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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28
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Zhan J, Song J, Wang P, Chi X, Wang Y, Guo Y, Fang W, Zhang H. Kindlin-2 induced by TGF-β signaling promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression through downregulation of transcriptional factor HOXB9. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:75-85. [PMID: 25724625 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths with no effective therapeutics. Invasion and metastasis are the major characteristics of PDAC. However, mechanisms underlying PDAC invasion and metastasis are elusive. In this report, we found that Kindlin-2 is a target protein of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling and is upregulated by TGF-β1 in PDAC cells. TGF-β1-upregulated Kindlin-2 promotes PDAC cell growth, migration and invasion, whereas Kindlin-2 upregulates transforming growth factor receptor I (TβRI), a key component of TGF-β signaling. Thereby Kindlin-2 and TGF-β signaling constitute a positive feedback loop. Mechanistically, Kindlin-2 promotes PDAC progression by downregulation of HOXB9 and E-cadherin. For clinical relevance, enhanced expression of Kindlin-2 predicts a poor overall survival for PDAC patients. Gene expression levels of Kindlin-2, TGF-β, TβRI and HOXB9 are all correlated with the overall survival of PDAC patients in an Oncomine dataset. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that TGF-β1-induced Kindlin-2 expression promotes PDAC progression by downregulation of HOXB9 and E-cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaochun Chi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Weigang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing 100191, China.
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29
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Zhan J, Wang P, Niu M, Wang Y, Zhu X, Guo Y, Zhang H. High expression of transcriptional factor HoxB9 predicts poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 2015; 66:955-65. [PMID: 25324169 DOI: 10.1111/his.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS HoxB9, as a Hox family member, is known to play important roles in embryonic development. Recent studies showed that HoxB9 is engaged in cancer progression. However, the role of Hoxb9 in lung adenocarcinoma is unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression and prognostic value of HoxB9 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS The localization and expression of HoxB9 in lung adenocarcinoma were examined by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between HoxB9 expression levels with patient survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and migratory ability were evaluated in HoxB9 up- and down-regulated H1299 lung adenocarcinoma cells. HoxB9 was found to be localized predominantly in the cell nuclei and expressed in 21.3% of lung adenocarcinomas. A significant increase in HoxB9 intensity in the high stage of lung adenocarcinoma was observed (P < 0.01). Increased expression of HoxB9 was related to T classification, more lymph node metastasis and a shorter patient overall survival (P < 0.05). However, the expression level of HoxB9 was not correlated with age and gender. Functionally, HoxB9 up-regulated EMT-related molecules and promoted cell migration in H1299 cells. CONCLUSION High expression of HoxB9 is a prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Beijing, China
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30
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Elevated HOXB9 expression promotes differentiation and predicts a favourable outcome in colon adenocarcinoma patients. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:883-93. [PMID: 25025961 PMCID: PMC4150282 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the tumour suppressive proteins and the underlying mechanisms that suppress colon cancer progression. Homeodomain-containing transcription factor HOXB9 plays an important role in embryogenesis and cancer development. We here aim to uncover the potential role of HOXB9 in the regulation of colon adenocarcinoma progression including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Methods: HOXB9 expression in colon adenocarcinoma cells and patients was analysed by western blot and immunohistochemistry separately. Correlation between HOXB9 expressions with patients' survival was assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis. HOXB9-regulated target gene expression was determined by RNA sequencing in HOXB9-overexpressing colon adenocarcinoma cells. Results: Elevated HOXB9 expression was identified in well-differentiated colon adenocarcinoma patients and was associated with a better overall patients' survival. Overexpression of HOXB9 inhibited colon adenocarcinoma cell growth, migration, invasion in vitro and tumour growth, liver as well as lung metastases in nude mice; whereas silencing HOXB9 promoted these functions. HOXB9 promoted colon adenocarcinoma differentiation via a mechanism that stimulates mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, involving downregulation of EMT-promoting transcriptional factors including Snail, Twist, FOXC2 and ZEB1 and upregulation of epithelial proteins including E-cadherin, claudins-1, -4, -7, occludin and ZO-1. Conclusions: HOXB9 is a novel tumour suppressor that inhibits colon adenocarcinoma progression by inducing differentiation. Elevated expression of HOXB9 predicts a longer survival in colon adenocarcinoma patients.
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31
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Fang L, Xu Y, Zou L. Overexpressed homeobox B9 regulates oncogenic activities by transforming growth factor-β1 in gliomas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:272-9. [PMID: 24582746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the leading cause of deaths related to tumors in the central nervous system. The mechanisms of gliomagenesis remain elusive to date. Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) has a crucial function in the regulation of gene expression and cell survival, but its functions in glioma formation and development have yet to be elucidated. This study showed that HOXB9 expression in glioma tissues was significantly higher than that in nontumor tissues. Higher HOXB9 expression was also significantly associated with advanced clinical stage in glioma patients. HOXB9 overexpression stimulated the proliferation, migration, and sphere formation of glioma cells, whereas HOXB9 knockdown elicited an opposite effect. HOXB9 overexpression also increased the tumorigenicity of glioma cells in vivo. Moreover, the activation of transforming growth factor-β1 contributed to HOXB9-induced oncogenic activities. HOXB9 could be used as a predictable biomarker to be detected in different pathological and histological subtypes in glioma for diagnosis or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Fang
- Department of Oncology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Oncology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
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32
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Li F, Dong L, Xing R, Wang L, Luan F, Yao C, Ji X, Bai L. Homeobox B9 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas and promotes tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:241-7. [PMID: 24462859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
HomeoboxB9 (HOXB9), a nontransforming transcription factor that is overexpressed in multiple tumor types, alters tumor cell fate and promotes tumor progression. However, the role of HOXB9 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development has not been well studied. In this paper, we found that HOXB9 is overexpressed in human HCC samples. We investigated HOXB9 expression and its prognostic value for HCC. HCC surgical tissue samples were taken from 89 HCC patients. HOXB9 overexpression was observed in 65.2% of the cases, and the survival analysis showed that the HOXB9 overexpression group had significantly shorter overall survival time than the HOXB9 downexpression group. The ectopic expression of HOXB9 stimulated the proliferation of HCC cells; whereas the knockdown of HOXB9 produced an opposite effect. HOXB9 also modulated the tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vivo. Moreover, we found that the activation of TGF-β1 contributes to HOXB9-induced proliferation activities. The results provide the first evidence that HOXB9 is a critical regulator of tumor growth factor in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Street, Shahekou District, Dalian 116001, China.
| | - Rong Xing
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Lvshunnan Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Fengming Luan
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Chenhui Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, No. 8 Sanba Square, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Xuening Ji
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Lizhi Bai
- Department of Emergency, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China.
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