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Lovey J, Molnar A, Banky B. Long-term nutrition in patients candidate to neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:106850. [PMID: 36841694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
To improve outcomes, to decrease the rate of local recurrence and development of distant metastases neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies are employed in cancer patients in forms of radiation, chemo-, endocrine-, targeted-, and immunotherapy or their combination. Nutrition therapy plays important role in all phases of the cancer journey. From neoadjuvant therapy to prehabilitation, early postoperative nutrition, and long-term nutrition care during the adjuvant phase and survivorship determines the survival and quality of life of cancer patients. During the neoadjuvant phase patients may be in poor nutritional condition which can be aggravated by the applied oncological treatment. Beside this apparent threat this period also gives an excellent opportunity to maintain or even improve the nutritional status of the patients by nutrition therapy. After surgery the burdening effects of the operation may jeopardize the execution of adjuvant therapy. After early postoperative feeding a long-term nutrition strategy should be developed for cancer patients in order to avoid nutritional deterioration during the usually lengthy postoperative therapy. In this narrative review we discuss how preoperative nutritional status and medical nutrition therapy influence the results of surgery and after the operation what is the available evidence about nutritional status and outcome and the potentials to influence them by nutrition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozsef Lovey
- National Tumorbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Chair of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Andrea Molnar
- Scientific Committee, National Association of Hungarian Dietitians, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Banky
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Nordengen AL, Kværner AS, Krutto A, Alavi DT, Henriksen HB, Henriksen C, Raastad T, Smeland S, Bøhn SK, Shaposhnikov S, Collins AR, Blomhoff R. DNA base oxidation in relation to TNM stages and chemotherapy treatment in colorectal cancer patients 2-9 months post-surgery. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:174-185. [PMID: 38141887 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of DNA damage is a critical feature of genomic instability, which is a hallmark of various cancers. The enzyme-modified comet assay is a recognized method to detect specific DNA lesions at the level of individual cells. In this cross-sectional investigation, we explore possible links between clinicopathological and treatment related factors, nutritional status, physical activity and function, and DNA damage in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with non-metastatic disease. Levels of DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) assessed 2-9 months post-surgery, were compared across tumour stage (localized (stage I-II) vs. regional (stage III) disease), localization (colon vs. rectosigmoid/rectum cancer), and adjuvant chemotherapy usage, with the last dosage administrated 2-191 days prior to sampling. Associations between DNA damage and indicators of nutritional status, physical activity and function were also explored. In PBMCs, DNA base oxidation was higher in patients diagnosed with regional compared with localized tumours (P = 0.03), but no difference was seen for DNA strand breaks (P > 0.05). Number of days since last chemotherapy dosage was negatively associated with DNA base oxidation (P < 0.01), and patients recently receiving chemotherapy (<15 days before blood collection) had higher levels of DNA base oxidation than those not receiving chemotherapy (P = 0.03). In the chemotherapy group, higher fat mass (in kg and %) as well as lower physical activity were associated with greater DNA base oxidation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DNA base oxidation measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay varies according to tumour and lifestyle related factors in CRC patients treated for non-metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lene Nordengen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Norgenotech AS, Oslo Cancer Cluster Incubator, Oslo, Norway; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Ane S Kværner
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika Krutto
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dena T Alavi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege B Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Norway
| | - Sigbjørn Smeland
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv K Bøhn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Liu J, Chen ZZ, Patel J, Asnani A. Understanding Myocardial Metabolism in the Context of Cardio-Oncology. Heart Fail Clin 2022; 18:415-424. [PMID: 35718416 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular events, ranging from arrhythmias to decompensated heart failure, are common during and after cancer therapy. Cardiovascular complications can be life-threatening, and from the oncologist's perspective, could limit the use of first-line cancer therapeutics. Moreover, an aging population increases the risk for comorbidities and medical complexity among patients who undergo cancer therapy. Many have established cardiovascular diagnoses or risk factors before starting these therapies. Therefore, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms that drive cardiovascular events in patients with cancer and to identify new therapeutic targets that may prevent and treat these 2 diseases. This review will discuss the metabolic interaction between cancer and the heart and will highlight current strategies of targeting metabolic pathways for cancer treatment. Finally, this review highlights opportunities and challenges in advancing our understanding of myocardial metabolism in the context of cancer and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jagvi Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aarti Asnani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Galleze A, Kocyigit A, Cherif N, Attal N, Touil-Boukoffa C, Raache R. Assessment of oxidative/anti-oxidative markers and DNA damage profile induced by chemotherapy in algerian children with lymphoma. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 43:169-173. [PMID: 31464142 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1659309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative stress and the genotoxicity induced by chemotherapy by the determination of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level, protein carbonyl (PC) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lymphocyte DNA damage in Algerian children with lymphoma. The study population included thirty patients with lymphoma and fifty healthy controls. Patients were treated with 2 courses of OEPA (oncovin 1,5 mg/m2, etoposide 125 mg/m2, prednisone 60 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 40 mg/m2) followed by 2 to 4 courses of COPDAC (cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, oncovin 1,5 mg/m2, dacarbazine 250 mg/m2 and prednisone 40 mg/m2). Plasma levels of MDA, PC and SOD were spectrophotometrically measured. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay in peripheral blood leukocytes. Plasma MDA, PC levels and lymphocyte DNA damage, were found to be significantly higher in lymphoma patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Whereas, SOD activity in lymphoma patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). There were significant positive correlations between DNA damage, MDA and PC in patients (r = 0.96, p < 0.001, r = 0.97, p < 0.001, respectively), and negative correlation with SOD (r = -0.87, p < 0.01). Our results indicated that, leukocytes DNA damage and oxidative stress were significantly higher in lymphoma patients, suggesting that the direct effect of chemotherapy and the alteration of the redox balance may influence oxidative/antioxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Galleze
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Synthases, Faculty of Biology, University Houari Boumediene USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nacira Cherif
- Hematology Department, Beni Messous Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nabila Attal
- Department of Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Synthases, Faculty of Biology, University Houari Boumediene USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Rachida Raache
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Synthases, Faculty of Biology, University Houari Boumediene USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
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Isolation of leukocytes from frozen buffy coat for comet assay analysis of DNA damage. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 843:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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DNA damage and repair measured by comet assay in cancer patients. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 843:95-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Milić M, Ožvald I, Vinković Vrček I, Vučić Lovrenčić M, Oreščanin V, Bonassi S, Del Castillo ER. Alkaline comet assay results on fresh and one-year frozen whole blood in small volume without cryo-protection in a group of people with different health status. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 843:3-10. [PMID: 31421735 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Using alkaline comet assay, DNA damage tail length (TL) and tail intensity (TI) parameters were compared between fresh whole blood and 1-year frozen small volume whole blood in EDTA at -80 °C without cryo-preservation. The studied group consisted of 25 volunteers with different health conditions who served as their own controls for frozen blood results. Without the purification step after thawing, the results and the usefulness of this protocol for future/retrospective (including re-analysations of putative outliers) studies were analysed. Medical surveillance and blood sampling were done at Merkur University Hospital Zagreb. No significant differences between fresh and frozen blood samples in terms of the mean TL values (mean ± SD: 29.03 ± 12.26 vs. 25.36 ± 6.97, respectively) and the mean TI values (9.19 ± 10.37 vs. 10.17 ± 8.55, respectively), and highly damaged cell percentage were determined among 25 volunteers. Median TI frozen samples values of entire group were within the allowed 10-11% (8.24). At the individual levels, no correlation between fresh and frozen whole blood samples was observed in 11 volunteers who suffered from diabetes mellitus type 2. Strong correlation between fresh/frozen samples was seen for TL (r = 0.64, p < 0.015) and TI (r = 0.71, p < 0.005) in nondiabetic subgroup. Overall, the results demonstrated the usefulness of the 1-year frozen blood without induction of heavily damaged DNA. Due to the different DNA damage behaviour connected with different health conditions, future studies should involve more volunteers, oxidative DNA damage comet assay measurements, the inclusion of a washing step after thawing and inclusion of disease/antioxidant biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Ožvald
- Special Hospital For Extended Treatment of Duga Resa, Josefa Jeruzalema 7, 47250, Duga Resa, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilio Rojas Del Castillo
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico, Mexico.
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