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Nakafeero A, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Martinez-Ros P. Use of Short-Term CIDR-Based Protocols for Oestrus Synchronisation in Goats at Tropical and Subtropical Latitudes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1560. [PMID: 38891607 PMCID: PMC11171354 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide an insight into the application and efficiency of CIDR-based protocols for ES in goats raised under tropical and subtropical environments. In temperate regions, short-term CIDR treatments are replacing long-term treatments and sponges used in earlier decades. In addition, the use of co-treatments for the induction of ovulation is gradually changing from hormonal to non-hormonal methods, given the drive towards clean, green, and ethical techniques for reproductive management. Whereas the subtropical region registers ongoing research in the development of new ES protocols, there are few reports from the tropics, particularly Africa, one of the regions with the highest population of goats. Therefore, this calls for research to develop the most appropriate protocols for these regions, since the protocols currently used are largely hormonal based, as they were developed for goats at higher latitudes. Management and environmental factors determine the breeding pattern of goats at tropical latitudes rather than photoperiods, and they are the main causes of reproductive seasonality. The use of ES methods, particularly short-term CIDR-based protocols, along with artificial insemination, may have a significant impact on the productivity of goats in these regions when these factors are controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angella Nakafeero
- Departamento de Produccion y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - Paula Martinez-Ros
- Departamento de Produccion y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
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Snider AP, Gomes RS, Summers AF, Tenley SC, Abedal-Majed MA, McFee RM, Wood JR, Davis JS, Cupp AS. Identification of Lipids and Cytokines in Plasma and Follicular Fluid before and after Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Stimulation as Potential Markers for Follicular Maturation in Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3289. [PMID: 37894013 PMCID: PMC10603728 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of follicle maturation leading to ovulation is a key milestone in female fertility. It is known that circulating lipids and cytokines play a role in the follicle's ability to go through follicular maturation and the ovulatory processes. However, the specific mechanisms are not well understood. We posit that dysregulation of granulosa cells influences the ovarian environment, which tries to adapt by changing released lipids and cytokines to achieve follicular maturation. Eleven non-lactating adult females underwent estrus synchronization with two injections of PGF2α 14 days apart. Daily blood samples were collected for 28 days to monitor steroid hormone production after the second injection. To understand the potential impacts of lipids and cytokines during ovulation, a low-dose FSH stimulation (FSHLow) was performed after resynchronization of cows, and daily blood samples were collected for 14 days to monitor steroid hormone production until ovariectomies. The lipidomic analysis demonstrated increased circulating diacylglycerides and triacylglycerides during the mid-luteal phase and after FSHLow treatment. Cholesteryl esters decreased in circulation but increased in follicular fluid (FF) after FSHLow. Increased circulating concentrations of TNFα and reduced CXCL9 were observed in response to FSHLow. Therefore, specific circulating lipids and cytokines may serve as markers of normal follicle maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria P. Snider
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA;
| | - Renata S. Gomes
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 3940 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (R.S.G.); (J.R.W.)
| | | | - Sarah C. Tenley
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 3940 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (R.S.G.); (J.R.W.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abedal-Majed
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Renee M. McFee
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Jennifer R. Wood
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 3940 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (R.S.G.); (J.R.W.)
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Andrea S. Cupp
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 3940 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (R.S.G.); (J.R.W.)
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Aybazov M, Selionova M, Trukhachev V, Malorodov V, Yuldashbayev Y, Easa AA. Embryo production and transplantation in non-breeding season of meat sheep breeds by stimulating superovulation with different follicle-stimulating hormone preparations. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:230-237. [PMID: 36222218 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the response of Charolais and Ile-de-France meat sheep breeds to stimulate superovulation with various follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations. A total of 14 adult ewes of meat sheep breeds were used in our study as donors, including Charolais breed (n = 8) and Ile-de-France breed (n = 6). Donors ewes were randomly divided into two groups in equal numbers (first group, n = 7; second group, n = 7), every group included Charolais breed (n = 4) and Ile-de-France breed (n = 3). Ewes in the first group were treated with Folltropin-V (total dose of 200 mg per ewe, seven injections), and ewes in the second group were treated with FSH-P (total of 280 IU per ewe, six injections). Thirty-seven ewes of Edilbay breed used as recipients were divided into two groups (first group, n = 20; second group, n = 17). Our results showed that the number of corpora lutea in donor groups treated with Folltropin-V was significantly higher than in donor groups treated with FSH-P (p < .01). A greater number of embryos recovery and embryos suitable for transplantation were found in the first group compared with the second group of donors. After 30 days from transplantation, transabdominal ultrasonography showed that the presence of pregnancy in recipients groups was found in 16 recipient ewes (43.2%), in the first group of recipients were registered nine pregnant ewes of 20 recipient ewes (45.0%), and in the second group of recipients were registered seven pregnant ewes of 17 recipient ewes (41.2%). In conclusion, using Folltropin-V in Charolais and Ile-de-France meat sheep breeds is a more effective scheme for stimulating superovulation than using FSH-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magomet Aybazov
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Selionova
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Trukhachev
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Malorodov
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yusupjan Yuldashbayev
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed A Easa
- Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Abedal-Majed MA, Abuajamieh M, Al-Qaisi M, Sargent KM, Titi HH, Alnimer MA, Abdelqader A, Shamoun AI, Cupp AS. Sheep with ovarian androgen excess have fibrosis and follicular arrest with increased mRNA abundance for steroidogenic enzymes and gonadotropin receptors. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad082. [PMID: 37061806 PMCID: PMC10184696 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An androgen excess ovarian micro-environment may limit follicle progression in sheep. Two populations of ewes with divergent follicular fluid androstenedione (A4) were identified in a flock in Jordan: High A4; (A4) ≥ 30 ng/mL, (N = 12) or Control A4 (Control); A4 ≤ 15 ng/mL; (N = 12). We hypothesized High A4 ewes would have increased steroidogenic enzyme mRNA abundance, inflammation, and follicular arrest. Messenger RNA abundance for steroidogenic enzymes StAR, CYP17A1, CYP11A1, and HSD3B1 were increased in theca cells while CYP17A1, CYP19A1, and HSD3B1 were increased in granulosa cells in High A4 ewes compared to Control. Gonadotropin receptor mRNA expression for LHCGR was increased in theca and FSHR in granulosa in High A4 ewes. Messenger RNA expression of FOS when reduced, increases expression of CYP17A1 which was observed in High A4 granulosa cells compared to Control. Furthermore, High A4 ewes had greater numbers of primordial follicles (P < 0.001) and fewer developing follicles compared to Control before, and after 7 d of culture, indicating follicular arrest was not alleviated by cortex culture. Increased fibrosis in the ovarian cortex was detected in High A4 ewes relative to Control (P < 0.001) suggesting increased inflammation and altered extracellular matrix deposition. Thus, this High A4 ewes population has similar characteristics to High A4 cows and women with polycystic ovary syndrome suggesting that naturally occurring androgen excess occurs in multiple species and may be a causative factor in follicular arrest and subsequent female sub- or infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abedal-Majed
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Abuajamieh
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohmmad Al-Qaisi
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Kevin M Sargent
- Department of Agriculture, Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701, USA
| | - Hosam H Titi
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mufeed A Alnimer
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Anas Abdelqader
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad I Shamoun
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln (UNL), Nebraska 68583, USA
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Biostimulation with the ram effect increases the follicle recruitment, ovulatory diameter, and embryo viability rate in superovulated ewes. Theriogenology 2022; 181:140-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Oliveira MEF, Arrais AM, de Mello MRB, Vergani GB, Machado Figueira L, Esteves SN, do Amaral Pereira VS, Garcia AR, Bartlewski PM, da Fonseca JF. A study of the factors affecting embryo yields and quality in superovulated Morada Nova ewes that underwent non-surgical uterine flushing. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:393-401. [PMID: 34967972 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study compared the outcomes of in vivo embryo production in Morada Nova ewes subjected to either 9-day (G-9SOV , n=21) or 12-day (G-12SOV , n=21) progesterone (P4 )-based estrus synchronization protocol coupled with superovulatory treatment with decreasing doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (133 mg of pFSH given over 3 days). Non-surgical embryo recovery (NSER) was performed 6-7 days after the onset of estrus. Total antral follicle count doubled from the 1st to the 6th pFSH dose in both groups (P < 0.05). Estrus responses did not vary between the two groups of animals (95.2%). Corpora lutea (CL) were detected in 85.0% and 60.0% of ewes that previously manifested estrus behavior in G-9SOV and G-12SOV , respectively. NSER was successfully completed in 86.2% of ewes that had CL (P > 0.05). The mean number of CL per ewe/successfully flushed donor ewe was greater (P < 0.05) in G-12SOV (12.3 ± 1.7/12.1 ± 1.9) than in G-9SOV (7.9 ± 1.4/8.2 ± 1.6). Mean numbers of retrieved blastocysts and viable embryos were greater (P > 0.05) in G-12SOV (5.8 ± 1.9 and 3.7 ± 1.7) than G-9SOV (3.5 ± 1.1 and 0.8 ± 0.3, respectively). The total follicle count (all follicles ≥ 2 mm in diameter) at the 6th pFSH dose (at P4 -device removal) was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the number of CL (r = 0.95) and viable embryos (r = 0.91) in G-12SOV . The ewes with ≥ 10 CL (48% of all flushed donors) yielded 80.5% of viable embryos. In summary: i. Morada Nova ewes from G-12SOV group had better superovulatory responses compared with G-9SOV group; ii. total follicle count at the last pFSH dose was a good predictor of superovulatory responses only in the ewes primed with P4 for 12 days; and iii. animals with ≥ 10 ovulations are main contributors to viable embryo production in Morada Nova ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.,Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 4, CEP 62011000, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Aline Matos Arrais
- Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR 465, km7, s/n, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marco Roberto Bourg de Mello
- Departamento de Reprodução e Avaliação Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR 465, km7, s/n, CEP 23890-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Machado Figueira
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, Cep 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 234, Fazenda Canchim, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Rosseto Garcia
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 234, Fazenda Canchim, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Pawel Mieczyslaw Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
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The Use of hCG for Inducing Ovulation in Sheep Estrus Synchronization Impairs Ovulatory Follicle Growth and Fertility. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040984. [PMID: 33915793 PMCID: PMC8065977 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study, in view of the importance of finding an alternative hormone to eCG, aims to determine the response of sheep to hCG-based treatments. The findings indicate that the low fertility rates reported for protocols based on the administration of hCG for inducing ovulation during estrus synchronization in sheep may be related to a high occurrence of abnormal follicular growth patterns, disturbances, and retardments of ovulation and concomitant formation of follicular cysts in the treated females. These results preclude their practical application to induce ovulation concomitantly to estrous synchronization treatments. Abstract Currently, there is an intense effort to find an alternative hormone to eCG to induce ovulation after estrus synchronization treatments in sheep. One of the proposed alternatives is based on the use of hCG, but the results are controversial since fertility rates are commonly affected. The present study aims to evaluate, therefore, the adequacy of hCG in protocols for the synchronization of estrus and ovulation. Ovarian follicle dynamics, occurrence of estrus behavior and subsequent ovulation, quality of corpora lutea, and pregnancy rate after controlled natural mating were assessed in two consecutive trials. The findings indicate that the low fertility rates reported for the protocols based on the administration of hCG for inducing ovulation during estrus synchronization in sheep may be related to a high occurrence of abnormal follicular growth patterns, disturbances, and retardments of ovulation and concomitant formation of follicular cysts in the treated females. These results preclude their practical application to induce ovulation concomitantly to estrous synchronization treatments.
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In vivo embryo production and recovery in lacaune ewes after imposing a superovulation treatment regimen is related to pFSH dose. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 223:106625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Figueira LM, Alves NG, Maia ALRES, Souza-Fabjan JMGD, Batista RITP, Morais MCDC, Lima RRD, Oliveira MEF, Fonseca JFD. Embryo yield and quality are associated with progestogen treatment during superovulation protocol in lactating Lacaune ewes. Theriogenology 2020; 155:132-138. [PMID: 32673848 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of progestogen treatment length on ovarian parameters and embryo yield in superovulated Lacaune ewes collected by nonsurgical embryo recovery. Twenty-three lactating ewes were superovulated 30 d apart using a cross-over design. All ewes received 60 mg of MAP intravaginal sponges for 6 (G-6 group) or 9 (G-9 group) d. A total dose of 133 mg pFSH was given in six decreasing doses (twice a day) starting at 60 h before device removal. Ultrasound examination of the ovaries was performed at the first pFSH injection and one day before embryo recovery, which was performed 6-7 d after the onset of estrus. Embryo recovery was conducted only in ewes that expressed estrus and were mated. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in the total number of follicles between G-6 (15.7 ± 1.0) and G-9 (15.6 ± 0.8) at the time of the first pFSH treatment. The percentage of responding donors with ≥3 corpora lutea (CL; 78.2% [18/23] vs 69.5% [16/23]), mean (±SEM) CL number (7.0 ± 1.2 vs 8.1 ± 1.6), transcervical passage rate (94.4% [17/18] vs 83.3% [15/18], and ova/embryo recovery rate (54.5% [60/110] vs 68.0% [83/122]) were not different (P > 0.05) between the G-6 and G-9 groups. However, the mean number of viable embryos was lower (P < 0.05) in the G-6 group (1.8 ± 0.7) than in the G-9 group. (3.5 ± 1.1). In conclusion, treatment with an intravaginal MAP sponge for 9 d during a superovulation protocol is beneficial for viable embryo yield in Lacaune ewes out of the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Machado Figueira
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, Vital Brazil, CEP 24220-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nadja Gomes Alves
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lucia Rosa E Silva Maia
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, Vital Brazil, CEP 24220-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Clara da Cruz Morais
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, Vital Brazil, CEP 24220-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato Ribeiro de Lima
- Universidade Federal de Lavras - Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Via Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Manjunatha BM, Al-Hosni A, Al-Bulushi S. Superovulation of dromedary camels with eCG: An effective and practical technique. Theriogenology 2020; 151:112-118. [PMID: 32325323 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop simple superovulation protocols for dromedary camels using eCG. In experiment 1, camels received either 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 or 6000 IU eCG. In experiment 2, camels received either 400 mg FSH (Folltropin-V) twice-daily over 5 days or 3000 IU eCG. In experiment 3, camels received 3000 IU eCG either at 2, 3, 4 or 5 days after ovulation induction. Ovarian response and embryo yield were evaluated in all experiments and embryos collected from camels treated with FSH and eCG were transferred to recipients to examine pregnancy rates. The mean number of ovulations (12.6 ± 1.5 and 13.3 ± 1.2 vs 3.4 ± 0.3, 6.2 ± 0.6 and 9.3 ± 1.0, respectively) and transferable embryos (4.6 ± 1.3 and 4.8 ± 1.0 vs 1.6 ± 0.2, 2.2 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.4, respectively) with 3000 and 4000 IU eCG doses were higher compared to 1000, 2000 and 6000 IU eCG doses (P < 0.05). Doses of 5000 and 6000 IU eCG resulted in a higher number of unovulatory follicles than other doses (P < 0.05). The FSH treatment resulted in higher number of ovulatory follicles (21.8 ± 1.3 vs 14.8 ± 1.7) and ovulations (18.5 ± 1.1 vs 13.9 ± 1.4) compared to eCG (P < 0.05). However, the number of transferable embryos and pregnancy rates were similar in these treatments. The timing of eCG treatment after ovulation induction did not affect the number of ovulatory follicles and transferable embryos but eCG treatment at 5 days after ovulation induction reduced the number of ovulations (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the optimal dose of eCG to induce superovulation is 3000-4000 IU and it produces a comparable embryo yield to FSH, and can be administered at 2-4 days after ovulation induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Manjunatha
- Animal Research Centre, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, P.O. Box: 64, P.C: 111, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ali Al-Hosni
- Animal Research Centre, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, P.O. Box: 64, P.C: 111, Muscat, Oman
| | - Samir Al-Bulushi
- Animal Research Centre, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, P.O. Box: 64, P.C: 111, Muscat, Oman
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Superovulatory response and embryo quality in Katahdin ewes treated with FSH or FSH plus eCG during non-breeding season. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1283-1288. [PMID: 30652251 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a co-treatment of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plus equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) on serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations, superovulatory response, ovulatory rate, and number and production of embryos in Katahdin breed ewes during the non-breeding season. Twenty Katahdin ewes were synchronized with progestagens (CIDR) and assigned to two superovulation treatments (n = 10): (1): ewes treated with 200 mg ewe-1 of FSH from day 5 to 8 after CIDR insertion at decreasing doses every 12 h (FSH group) and (2) ewes treated as FSH group plus 300 IU of eCG on day 5 after CIDR insertion (FSH + eCG group). Estrous behavior was monitored and direct mating was performed. On days - 7 (CIDR insertion), 0 (CIDR withdrawal), and 7 (embryo recovery), blood samples were collected to determine serum hormone concentrations. Co-treatment with eCG (FSH group) did not affect (P > 0.05) serum hormone levels. Superovulation response, ovulation rate, recovery rate, fertilization, and number of embryos were also similar (P > 0.05) between treatments. Compared with FSH group, FSH + eCG ewes had lower (P < 0.05) number of transferable embryos and higher (P < 0.05) number of oocyte and a tendency to increase the number of degenerated embryos (P = 0.07). Overall results suggest that the administration of eCG is not beneficial either to improve the ovulatory response or the amount of transferable embryos in Katahdin ewes superovulated with a protocol using progesterone and FSH at decreasing doses.
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12
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Garcia Kako Rodriguez M, Serpa Maciel G, Ramirez Uscategui RA, Correia Santos VJ, Perecin Nociti R, Del Aguila da Silva P, Rossi Feliciano MA, Zandonadi Brandão F, Ferreira Fonseca J, Franco Oliveira ME. Early luteal development in Santa Inês ewes superovulated with reduced doses of porcine follicle‐stimulating hormone. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:456-463. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Serpa Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil
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García-Salas A, Cortez-Romero C, Salazar-Ortiz J, Arroyo-Ledezma J, Ruíz-Vera VM, Vaquera-Huerta H, Gallegos-Sánchez J. Administration of exogenous hormones in ovulatory and embryonic response in Pelibuey sheep. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:446-451. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A García-Salas
- Genetic Resources and Productivity - Livestock; Colegio de Postgraduados; Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México Mexico
| | - C Cortez-Romero
- Genetic Resources and Productivity - Livestock; Colegio de Postgraduados; Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México Mexico
- Innovation in Natural Resource Management; Colegio de Postgraduados, Salinas de Hidalgo; San Luis Potosi Mexico
- Priority Research Line No. 5 (LPI-5: Microbial, Plant and Animal Biotechnology) at Colegio de Postgraduados; Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí Mexico
| | - J Salazar-Ortiz
- Priority Research Line No. 5 (LPI-5: Microbial, Plant and Animal Biotechnology) at Colegio de Postgraduados; Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí Mexico
- Sustainable Agro-Food Innovation; Colegio de Postgraduados; Córdoba, Veracruz Mexico
| | - J Arroyo-Ledezma
- Agricultural Sciences, Ciudad Universitaria; Universidad del Mar, Puerto Escondido; Oaxaca México
| | - VM Ruíz-Vera
- Innovation in Natural Resource Management; Colegio de Postgraduados, Salinas de Hidalgo; San Luis Potosi Mexico
| | - H Vaquera-Huerta
- Statistical Program; Colegio de Postgraduados; Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México México
| | - J Gallegos-Sánchez
- Genetic Resources and Productivity - Livestock; Colegio de Postgraduados; Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México Mexico
- Priority Research Line No. 5 (LPI-5: Microbial, Plant and Animal Biotechnology) at Colegio de Postgraduados; Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí Mexico
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14
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Oliveira M, Ayres H, Oliveira L, Oba E, Kridli R, Bartlewski P, Fonseca J, Bicudo S, Vicente W. Follicular wave emergence in Santa Inês ewes subjected to long-term, progesterone-based estrous synchronization protocols at different times of the year. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 174:80-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Bartlewski PM, Seaton P, Franco Oliveira ME, Kridli RT, Murawski M, Schwarz T. Intrinsic determinants and predictors of superovulatory yields in sheep: Circulating concentrations of reproductive hormones, ovarian status, and antral follicular blood flow. Theriogenology 2016; 86:130-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Bartlewski PM, Seaton P, Szpila P, Oliveira ME, Murawski M, Schwarz T, Kridli RT, Zieba DA. Comparison of the effects of pretreatment with Veramix sponge (medroxyprogesterone acetate) or CIDR (natural progesterone) in combination with an injection of estradiol-17β on ovarian activity, endocrine profiles, and embryo yields in cyclic ewes superovulated in the multiple-dose Folltropin-V (porcine FSH) regimen. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1225-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Rahman MR, Rahman MM, Wan Khadijah WE, Abdullah RB. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Dosage Based on Body Weight Enhances Ovulatory Responses and Subsequent Embryo Production in Goats. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 27:1270-4. [PMID: 25178370 PMCID: PMC4150193 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of porcine follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH) dosage based on body weight (BW) on ovarian responses of crossbred does. Thirty donor does were divided into 3 groups getting pFSH dosages of 3, 5, and 8 mg pFSH per kg BW, respectively, and were named as pFSH-3, pFSH-5 and pFSH-8, respectively. Estrus was synchronized by inserting a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device and a single injection of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). The pFSH treatments were administered twice a day through 6 decreasing dosages (25, 25, 15, 15, 10, and 10% of total pFSH amount; decreasing daily). Ovarian responses were evaluated on Day 7 after CIDR removal. After CIDR removal, estrus was observed 3 times in a day and pFSH treatments were initiated at 2 days before the CIDR removal. All does in pFSH-5 and pFSH-8 showed estrus signs while half of the does in pFSH-3 showed estrus signs. No differences (p>0.05) were observed on the corpus luteum and total ovarian stimulation among the treatment groups, while total and transferable embryos were higher (p<0.05) in pFSH-5 (7.00 and 6.71) than pFSH-3 (3.00 and 2.80) and pFSH-8 (2.00 and 1.50), respectively. In conclusion, 5 mg pFSH per kg BW dosage gave a higher number of embryos than 3 and 8 mg pFSH per kg BW dosages. The results indicated that the dosage of pFSH based on BW is an important consideration for superovulation in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Rahman
- Animal Biotechnology-Embryo Laboratory (ABEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, 1705 Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - M M Rahman
- Animal Biotechnology-Embryo Laboratory (ABEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W E Wan Khadijah
- Animal Biotechnology-Embryo Laboratory (ABEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R B Abdullah
- Animal Biotechnology-Embryo Laboratory (ABEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Superovulation in goats during the second follicular wave, with or without exogenous progesterone. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Quan F, Zhang Z, An Z, Hua S, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Multiple Factors Affecting Superovulation in Poll Dorset in China. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:39-44. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Pallares P, Garcia-Fernandez RA, Criado LM, Letelier CA, Fernandez-Toro JM, Esteban D, Flores JM, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Substantiation of ovarian effects of leptin by challenging a mouse model of obesity/type 2 diabetes. Theriogenology 2010; 73:1088-95. [PMID: 20172601 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the current was to elucidate if treatment with gonadotrophins and leptin can circumvent infertility in obese mice and to establish whether reproductive effects of leptin are influenced at the hypothalamus-hypophysis or ovarian level by using a leptin deficient mouse model of obesity/type 2 diabetes (ob/ob) treated with leptin. The ovulatory response and the fertilization success were compared with the results obtained in ob/ob dams pretreated with a gonadotrophin-replacement therapy or in two groups (ob/ob and wild-type) of control non-pretreated females. The number of corpora lutea was significantly lower in control ob/ob mice than in wild-type dams. Treatment with gonadotrophin-replacement therapy did not increase significantly the ovulation rate in ob/ob, but the administration of leptin-replacement treatment allowed the authors to obtain a number of corpora lutea and oocytes/zygotes similar to those obtained in wild-type females. Furthermore, the leptin supply succeeded in producing fertilized zygotes, although in a lower number than found in the wild-type control. Thus, the hypogonadotrophic state in obese mice may be circumvented by the administration of a gonadotrophin-replacement therapy combined with a protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation, but fertile ovulations are only obtained after applying leptin-replacement therapy. Current results strongly support the existence of direct local effects of leptin on the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pallares
- Departamento de Reproduccion Animal, INIA, Avda, Puerta de Hierro s/n. 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Menchaca A, Vilariño M, Pinczak A, Kmaid S, Saldaña JM. Progesterone treatment, FSH plus eCG, GnRH administration, and Day 0 Protocol for MOET programs in sheep. Theriogenology 2009; 72:477-83. [PMID: 19515409 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2009] [Revised: 03/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of various superstimulatory treatments on the number of corpora lutea, fertilization rate, and embryo yield was studied in sheep. Overall, data from 708 Merino donors and 4262 embryos were analyzed in four experiments. In Experiment 1, varying intervals of progesterone treatment (5 to 14 d) before follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) administration did not significantly affect the proportion of responding donors, the mean number of corpora lutea, or the mean number of recovered and transferable embryos per donor. In Experiment 2, a single dose of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG, 200 or 300 IU) combined with the FSH treatment (i.e., given at CIDR removal) reduced the number and the quality of embryos compared with that for not giving eCG (P<0.05). In Experiment 3, one dose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) given 24h after CIDR removal improved the number of transferable embryos compared with that for not giving GnRH (P<0.05). In Experiment 4, the new superstimulatory Day 0 Protocol, which includes starting FSH treatment at the emergence of Wave 1 (i.e., soon after ovulation, in the absence of a large follicle), improved ovarian response, with a tendency to produce more embryos compared with that for the Traditional Protocol. In summary, this study, analyzing data from various pharmacologic treatments, allows an improvement from four to eight transferable embryos per treated donor in multiple ovulation and embryo transfer programs in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Menchaca
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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22
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Veiga-Lopez A, Ye W, Phillips DJ, Herkimer C, Knight PG, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming: deficits in reproductive hormone dynamics and ovulatory outcomes in prenatal, testosterone-treated sheep. Biol Reprod 2007; 78:636-47. [PMID: 18094354 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.065904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal testosterone excess leads to neuroendocrine, ovarian, and metabolic disruptions, culminating in reproductive phenotypes mimicking that of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to determine the consequences of prenatal testosterone treatment on periovulatory hormonal dynamics and ovulatory outcomes. To generate prenatal testosterone-treated females, pregnant sheep were injected intramuscularly (days 30-90 of gestation, term=147 days) with 100 mg of testosterone-propionate in cottonseed oil semi-weekly. Female offspring born to untreated control females and prenatal testosterone-treated females were then studied during their first two breeding seasons. Sheep were given two injections of prostaglandin F2alpha 11 days apart, and blood samples were collected at 2-h intervals for 120 h, 10-min intervals for 8 h during the luteal phase (first breeding season only), and daily for an additional 15 days to characterize changes in reproductive hormonal dynamics. During the first breeding season, prenatal testosterone-treated females manifested disruptions in the timing and magnitude of primary gonadotropin surges, luteal defects, and reduced responsiveness to progesterone negative feedback. Disruptions in the periovulatory sequence of events during the second breeding season included: 1) delayed but increased preovulatory estradiol rise, 2) delayed and severely reduced primary gonadotropin surge in prenatal testosterone-treated females having an LH surge, 3) tendency for an amplified secondary FSH surge and a shift in the relative balance of FSH regulatory proteins, and 4) luteal responses that ranged from normal to anovulatory. These outcomes are likely to be of relevance to developmental origin of infertility disorders and suggest that differences in fetal exposure or fetal susceptibility to testosterone may account for the variability in reproductive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Veiga-Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, and the Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0404, USA
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23
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Bartlewski PM, Alexander BD, Rawlings NC, Barrett DMW, King WA. Ovarian Responses, Hormonal Profiles and Embryo Yields in Anoestrous Ewes Superovulated with Folltropin®-V after Pretreatment with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate-releasing Vaginal Sponges and a Single Dose of Oestradiol-17β. Reprod Domest Anim 2007; 43:299-307. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Menchaca A, Vilariño M, Crispo M, Pinczak A, Rubianes E. Day 0 Protocol: Superstimulatory treatment initiated in the absence of a large follicle improves ovarian response and embryo yield in goats. Theriogenology 2007; 68:1111-7. [PMID: 17889305 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new superstimulatory protocol (Day 0 Protocol) to initiate FSH treatment in the absence of a large follicle was compared to a traditional protocol in goats. The Day 0 Protocol (n=44) consisted of pre-treatment with progesterone and eCG to synchronize ovulation and the emergence of Wave 1, with FSH starting 84 h after the end of progesterone exposure (i.e., soon after ovulation). The traditional protocol (n=46) consisted of 11 d of progesterone exposure, with FSH treatment beginning 2 d before the end of progesterone exposure. Treatment with FSH was initiated in the absence of a large follicle in 37/44 and in 6/46 goats in the Day 0 Protocol and traditional protocol, respectively (P<0.01). There was more CL in the Day 0 Protocol than in the traditional protocol (breeding season: 9.6+/-0.6 and 6.3+/-0.8, P<0.05; non-breeding season: 14.3+/-1.5 and 10.7+/-1.5; P<0.05). More Grades 1 and 2 embryos were recovered in the Day 0 Protocol than in the traditional protocol (breeding season: 4.8+/-0.7 and 1.8+/-0.5, P<0.05; non-breeding season: 5.6+/-1.1 and 3.5+/-0.7, P=0.07). Similarly, the proportion of embryos that were Grades 1 and 2 was higher for the Day 0 Protocol than for the traditional protocol (breeding season: 81/114, 71%, versus 16/43, 37%, P<0.05; non-breeding season: 118/203, 58% versus 95/205, 46%, P<0.05). In summary, the Day 0 Protocol, was effective in initiating superstimulatory treatment in the absence of a large follicle, and compared to the traditional protocol, induced a higher ovulation rate and better embryo yield in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Menchaca
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal de Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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25
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Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Veiga-Lopez A. Evidence of intraovarian follicular dominance effects during controlled ovarian stimulation in a sheep model. Fertil Steril 2007; 89:1507-13. [PMID: 17612534 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate intraovarian dominance effects in a sheep model and to determine whether local factors, independent of FSH-mediated pathways, are capable of interfering with the final development of subordinate follicles. DESIGN Observational, model study. SETTING Public research unit. ANIMAL(S) Three hundred sixty-four adult Manchega ewes. INTERVENTION(S) Synchronization of estrous cycle with intravaginal progestogens and ovarian stimulation with FSH; ovarian ultrasonography, laparoscopies, and embryo recoveries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Determination of morphological characteristics and developmental competence of ovarian follicles. RESULT(S) The presence of a dominant follicle affects number and viability of embryos from the ipsilateral ovary in females that are treated with high FSH doses; this effect, modulated by season and phase of the estrous cycle, highlights the role of LH in follicular dominance. CONCLUSION(S) The current study confirms, in a sheep model, the existence of local effects from dominant follicles over neighboring follicles, by direct action and independently from systemic pathways through FSH modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Departamento de Reproduccion Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agraria y Tecnologia Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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26
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Vick MM, Sessions DR, Murphy BA, Kennedy EL, Reedy SE, Fitzgerald BP. Obesity is associated with altered metabolic and reproductive activity in the mare: effects of metformin on insulin sensitivity and reproductive cyclicity. Reprod Fertil Dev 2006; 18:609-17. [PMID: 16930507 DOI: 10.1071/rd06016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In mares, obesity is associated with continuous reproductive activity during the non-breeding season. To investigate the effect of obesity and associated alterations in metabolic parameters on the oestrous cycle, two related studies were conducted. In Experiment 1, obese (body condition score > 7) mares were fed ad libitum or were moderately feed restricted during the late summer and autumn months. Feed restriction did not alter the proportion of mares entering seasonal anoestrus. However, obese mares exhibited a significantly longer duration of the oestrous cycle, significant increases in circulating concentrations of leptin and insulin, and decreased insulin sensitivity and concentrations of thyroxine compared with feed-restricted mares throughout the experiment. Experiment 2 was designed to investigate the effects of administration of the insulin-sensitising drug metformin hydrochloride on insulin sensitivity and the characteristics of the oestrous cycle in obese mares. In a dose–response trial, metformin increased insulin sensitivity after 30 days following administration of 3 g day–1, but not 6 or 9 g day–1, compared with controls receiving vehicle only. However, there were no differences in insulin sensitivity or oestrous cycle characteristics between control and metformin-treated groups when the 3 g day–1 dose was tested for a longer period of 2 months. These results demonstrate that obesity is associated with aberrations in the oestrous cycle and perturbations in several markers of metabolic status. The results also indicate that metformin is not an effective long-term monotherapy for increasing insulin sensitivity in horses at the doses tested. Additional studies are needed to examine possible effects of increasing insulin sensitivity on reproductive activity in obese mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Vick
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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