1
|
Kalshetty A, Nazar A, Vimalnath KV, Chakravarty R, Chakraborty S, Basu S. [64Cu]Copper chloride PET-CT: a comparative evaluation of fasting and non-fasting states in patients of prostate carcinoma. Nucl Med Commun 2024:00006231-990000000-00320. [PMID: 39076002 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Altered copper metabolism in cancer has been linked to increased intracellular copper uptake mediated by human copper transporter 1, with [64Cu]Cu2+ as a potential biomarker for cancer theranostics. [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT though explored in various malignancies, a lack of standardized protocol exists, particularly regarding fasting status before imaging. This analysis aimed to evaluate the requirement of fasting for [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT along with temporal changes in physiological organ uptake in delayed scans. A total of 26 patients of prostate carcinoma who underwent [64Cu]CuCl2 PET-CT imaging were divided into two groups: (1) nonfasting (n = 12) and (2) fasting (n = 14). The nonfasting group received an average dose of 350 MBq, while the fasting group received 300 MBq of [64Cu]CuCl2, and PET-CT images acquired approximately 60-90 min (1 h image) and 3-3.5 h (delayed image) after intravenous injection of the tracer. An experienced nuclear medicine physician evaluated the images for qualitative assessment between the groups. Multiple spherical regions of interest were placed at sites of physiological organ uptake of the tracer and over the diseased lesions to measure the mean SUVmax. No significant difference was observed in the qualitative assessment of the images between the two groups (except for a slight predilection towards more hepatic tracer retention observed in the fasting group), including in the delayed images. The liver demonstrated the highest tracer uptake in all patients, with a mean SUVmax of 21.5 in the fasting group and 19.7 in the nonfasting group, showing no significant difference (P = 0.32). The kidneys, intestines, and salivary glands also showed similar trends of tracer uptake in both groups. The study illustrated that the fasting or nonfasting status did not affect image quality or semiquantitative measurements significantly in physiological organs and diseased lesions in patients with carcinoma prostate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kalshetty
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre Annexe, Parel
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - Aamir Nazar
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre Annexe, Parel
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - K V Vimalnath
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rubel Chakravarty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sandip Basu
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre Annexe, Parel
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amirrashedi M, Jensen AI, Tang Q, Straathof NJW, Ravn K, Pedersen CG, Langhorn L, Poulsen FR, Woolley M, Johnson D, Williams J, Kidd C, Thisgaard H, Halle B. The Influence of Size on the Intracranial Distribution of Biomedical Nanoparticles Administered by Convection-enhanced Delivery in Minipigs. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17869-17881. [PMID: 38925630 PMCID: PMC11238734 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), successful drug delivery to the brain has long been a key objective for the medical community, calling for pioneering technologies to overcome this challenge. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED), a form of direct intraparenchymal microinfusion, shows promise but requires optimal infusate design and real-time distribution monitoring. The size of the infused substances appears to be especially critical, with current knowledge being limited. Herein, we examined the intracranial administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated nanoparticles (NPs) of various sizes using CED in groups of healthy minipigs (n = 3). We employed stealth liposomes (LIPs, 130 nm) and two gold nanoparticle designs (AuNPs) of different diameters (8 and 40 nm). All were labeled with copper-64 for quantitative and real-time monitoring of the infusion via positron emission tomography (PET). NPs were infused via two catheters inserted bilaterally in the putaminal regions of the animals. Our results suggest CED with NPs holds promise for precise brain drug delivery, with larger LIPs exhibiting superior distribution volumes and intracranial retention over smaller AuNPs. PET imaging alongside CED enabled dynamic visualization of the process, target coverage, timely detection of suboptimal infusion, and quantification of distribution volumes and concentration gradients. These findings may augment the therapeutic efficacy of the delivery procedure while mitigating unwarranted side effects associated with nonvisually monitored delivery approaches. This is of vital importance, especially for chronic intermittent infusions through implanted catheters, as this information enables informed decisions for modulating targeted infusion volumes on a catheter-by-catheter, patient-by-patient basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Amirrashedi
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
- Department
of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Danish
Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and
Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen
University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen 2650, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ingemann Jensen
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Qing Tang
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | | | - Katharina Ravn
- The
Hevesy Laboratory, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | | | - Louise Langhorn
- Biomedical
Laboratory, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Frantz Rom Poulsen
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Max Woolley
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - David Johnson
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Williams
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Kidd
- Renishaw
Neuro Solutions Ltd (RNS), Gloucestershire GL12 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Helge Thisgaard
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Bo Halle
- Department
of Clinical Research and BRIDGE (Brain Research - Interdisciplinary
Guided Excellence), University of Southern
Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Yang Z, Wang L, Gao J. Copper-Induced Supramolecular Peptide Assemblies for Multi-Pathway Cell Death and Tumor Inhibition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406602. [PMID: 38837577 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Although self-assembly has emerged as an effective tool for fabricating biomaterials, achieving precise control over the morphologies and functionalities of the resultant assemblies remains an ongoing challenge. Inspired by the copper peptide naturally present in human plasma, in this study, we designed a synthetic precursor, FcGH. FcGH can self-assemble via two distinct pathways: spontaneous and Cu2+-induced. These two assembly pathways enabled the formation of assemblies with tunable morphologies by adjusting the amount of added Cu2+. We found that the nanoparticles formed by Cu2+-induced self-assembly exhibited a significantly higher cellular uptake efficiency than the wormlike fibers formed spontaneously. Moreover, this Cu2+-induced assembly process occurred spontaneously at a 1 : 1 molar ratio of Cu2+ to FcGH, avoiding the excessive use of Cu2+ and a tedious preparation procedure. By co-assembling with 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT)-conjugated FcGH, Cu2+-induced supramolecular nanodrugs elicited multiple cell death modalities in cancer cells with elevated immunogenicity, enhancing the therapeutic effect compared to free HCPT. This study highlights Cu2+-induced self-assembly as an efficient tool for directing the assembly of nanodrugs and for synergistic tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Buyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yinghao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhenghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN⋅FUTIAN), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adhikari S, Nath P, Das A, Datta A, Baildya N, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. A review on metal complexes and its anti-cancer activities: Recent updates from in vivo studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116211. [PMID: 38290253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Research into cancer therapeutics has uncovered various potential medications based on metal-containing scaffolds after the discovery and clinical applications of cisplatin as an anti-cancer agent. This has resulted in many metallodrugs that can be put into medical applications. These metallodrugs have a wider variety of functions and mechanisms of action than pure organic molecules. Although platinum-based medicines are very efficient anti-cancer agents, they are often accompanied by significant side effects and toxicity and are limited by resistance. Some of the most studied and developed alternatives to platinum-based anti-cancer medications include metallodrugs based on ruthenium, gold, copper, iridium, and osmium, which showed effectiveness against many cancer cell lines. These metal-based medicines represent an exciting new category of potential cancer treatments and sparked a renewed interest in the search for effective anti-cancer therapies. Despite the widespread development of metal complexes touted as powerful and promising in vitro anti-cancer therapeutics, only a small percentage of these compounds have shown their worth in vivo models. Metallodrugs, which are more effective and less toxic than platinum-based drugs and can treat drug-resistant cancer cells, are the focus of this review. Here, we highlighted some of the most recently developed Pt, Ru, Au, Cu, Ir, and Os complexes that have shown significant in vivo antitumor properties between 2017 and 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree Collage, Dharmanagar, Tripura (N) 799253, India.
| | - Priyatosh Nath
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura 799022, India
| | - Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Abhijit Datta
- Department of Botany, Ambedkar College, Fatikroy, Unakoti 799290, Tripura, India
| | - Nabajyoti Baildya
- Department of Chemistry, Milki High School, Milki, Malda 732209, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Conforti RA, Delsouc MB, Zorychta E, Telleria CM, Casais M. Copper in Gynecological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17578. [PMID: 38139406 PMCID: PMC10743751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for the correct development of eukaryotic organisms. This metal plays a key role in many cellular and physiological activities, including enzymatic activity, oxygen transport, and cell signaling. Although the redox activity of Cu is crucial for enzymatic reactions, this property also makes it potentially toxic when found at high levels. Due to this dual action of Cu, highly regulated mechanisms are necessary to prevent both the deficiency and the accumulation of this metal since its dyshomeostasis may favor the development of multiple diseases, such as Menkes' and Wilson's diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. As the relationship between Cu and cancer has been the most studied, we analyze how this metal can affect three fundamental processes for tumor progression: cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Gynecological diseases are characterized by high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, depending on the case, and mainly include benign and malignant tumors. The cellular processes that promote their progression are affected by Cu, and the mechanisms that occur may be similar. We analyze the crosstalk between Cu deregulation and gynecological diseases, focusing on therapeutic strategies derived from this metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío A. Conforti
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - María B. Delsouc
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - Edith Zorychta
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| | - Carlos M. Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marilina Casais
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pereira WDP, Carvalheira L, Lopes JM, Aguiar PFD, Moreira RM, Oliveira ECD. Data reconciliation connected to guard bands to set specification limits related to risk assessment for radiopharmaceutical activity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22992. [PMID: 38125475 PMCID: PMC10731080 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals have been used to diagnose several diseases, particularly because the procedure is non-invasive. However, it is important that the correct amount of radiopharmaceutical is used to avoid inaccurate diagnostic results and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. The amount of the radiopharmaceutical is measured when produced (by the supplier) and a second time (by the receiver), before it's use. When measured at the receiver, the result is corrected for its normal radioactivity decay. Even then, it is possible that both measurements should be considered nominal different or even statistically different when compared through various statistical tools. This research combines two innovative techniques in the field of clinical metrology. The first technique is data reconciliation, which not only enhances measurement accuracy but also reduces measurement uncertainty. The second technique involves using uncertainty information to establish specification limits for compliance assessments. In this way, our proposal aimed to minimize the risk of making incorrect decisions regarding the conformity of the concentration of radiopharmaceutical activity, that is, rejecting an item or batch that is within specification or accepting an item or batch that is outside of specification. A spreadsheet, based on these metrology fundamentals, is available to help the user with the calculations, presenting numerical and graphical results for some common radioisotopes. Reliable specification limits can be calculated and used to determine if the radiopharmaceutical is in accordance with its proposed application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Carvalheira
- Argonauta Reactor Service, Nuclear Engineering Institute, R. Hélio de Almeida 75, 21941-614, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Marques Lopes
- Earth and Environmental Physics Department, Physics Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, 40210-340, Salvador, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Geochemistry, Petroleum and Environment (POSPETRO), Federal University of Bahia, Av. Milton Santos s/n°, Salvador, 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Chemistry Institute, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosana Medeiros Moreira
- National Institute of Technology, Av. Venezuela 82 20081-312, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50, 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Elcio Cruz de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Programme in Metrology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente 225, 22451-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Logistics, Operational Planning and Control, Measurement and Product Inventory Management, PETROBRAS S.A., Av. Henrique Valadares 28, 20231-030, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou Q, Xiang J, Qiu N, Wang Y, Piao Y, Shao S, Tang J, Zhou Z, Shen Y. Tumor Abnormality-Oriented Nanomedicine Design. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10920-10989. [PMID: 37713432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer nanomedicines have been proven effective in mitigating the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, challenges remain in augmenting their therapeutic efficacy. Nanomedicines responsive to the pathological abnormalities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are expected to overcome the biological limitations of conventional nanomedicines, enhance the therapeutic efficacies, and further reduce the side effects. This Review aims to quantitate the various pathological abnormalities in the TME, which may serve as unique endogenous stimuli for the design of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines, and to provide a broad and objective perspective on the current understanding of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines for cancer treatment. We dissect the typical transport process and barriers of cancer drug delivery, highlight the key design principles of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines designed to tackle the series of barriers in the typical drug delivery process, and discuss the "all-into-one" and "one-for-all" strategies for integrating the needed properties for nanomedicines. Ultimately, we provide insight into the challenges and future perspectives toward the clinical translation of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Xiang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yechun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Piao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiqun Shao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbin Tang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zoi V, Giannakopoulou M, Alexiou GA, Bouziotis P, Thalasselis S, Tzakos AG, Fotopoulos A, Papadopoulos AN, Kyritsis AP, Sioka C. Nuclear Medicine and Cancer Theragnostics: Basic Concepts. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3064. [PMID: 37835806 PMCID: PMC10572920 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer theragnostics is a novel approach that combines diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy. It is based on the use of a pair of radiopharmaceuticals, one optimized for positron emission tomography imaging through linkage to a proper radionuclide, and the other bearing an alpha- or beta-emitter isotope that can induce significant damage to cancer cells. In recent years, the use of theragnostics in nuclear medicine clinical practice has increased considerably, and thus investigation has focused on the identification of novel radionuclides that can bind to molecular targets that are typically dysregulated in different cancers. The major advantages of the theragnostic approach include the elimination of multi-step procedures, reduced adverse effects to normal tissues, early diagnosis, better predictive responses, and personalized patient care. This review aims to discuss emerging theragnostic molecules that have been investigated in a series of human malignancies, including gliomas, thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, cholangiocarcinoma, and prostate cancer, as well as potent and recently introduced molecular targets, like cell-surface receptors, kinases, and cell adhesion proteins. Furthermore, special reference has been made to copper radionuclides as theragnostic agents and their radiopharmaceutical applications since they present promising alternatives to the well-studied gallium-68 and lutetium-177.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zoi
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - George A. Alexiou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Penelope Bouziotis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, 15341 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Chrissa Sioka
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pęgier M, Kilian K, Pyrzynska K. Increasing Reaction Rates of Water-Soluble Porphyrins for 64Cu Radiopharmaceutical Labeling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052350. [PMID: 36903596 PMCID: PMC10005645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Searching for new compounds and synthetic routes for medical applications is a great challenge for modern chemistry. Porphyrins, natural macrocycles able to tightly bind metal ions, can serve as complexing and delivering agents in nuclear medicine diagnostic imaging utilizing radioactive nuclides of copper with particular emphasis on 64Cu. This nuclide can, due to multiple decay modes, serve also as a therapeutic agent. As the complexation reaction of porphyrins suffers from relatively poor kinetics, the aim of this study was to optimize the reaction of copper ions with various water-soluble porphyrins in terms of time and chemical conditions, that would meet pharmaceutical requirements and to develop a method that can be applied for various water-soluble porphyrins. In the first method, reactions were conducted in a presence of a reducing agent (ascorbic acid). Optimal conditions, in which the reaction time was 1 min, comprised borate buffer at pH 9 with a 10-fold excess of ascorbic acid over Cu2+. The second approach involved a microwave-assisted synthesis at 140 °C for 1-2 min. The proposed method with ascorbic acid was applied for radiolabeling of porphyrin with 64Cu. The complex was then subjected to a purification procedure and the final product was identified using high-performance liquid chromatography with radiometric detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Pęgier
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5A, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Krzysztof Kilian
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5A, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Pyrzynska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kálmán-Szabó I, Bunda S, Lihi N, Szaniszló Z, Szikra D, Szabó Péliné J, Fekete A, Gyuricza B, Szücs D, Papp G, Trencsényi G, Kálmán FK. 61Cu-Labelled radiodiagnostics of melanoma with NAPamide-targeted radiopharmaceutical. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122527. [PMID: 36566825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a major public health problem with an increasing incidence and mortality in the Caucasian population due to its significant metastatic potential. The early detection of this cancer type by imaging techniques like positron emission tomography acts as an important contributor to the long-term survival. Based on literature data, the radio labelled alpha-MSH analog NAPamide molecule is an appropriate diagnostic tool for the detection of melanoma tumors. Inspired by these facts, a new radiotracer, the [61Cu]Cu-KFTG-NAPamide has been synthesized to exploit the beneficial features of the positron emitter 61Cu and the melanoma specificity of the NAPamide molecule. In this work, we report a new member of the CB-15aneN5 ligand family (KFTG) as the chelator for 61Cu(II) complexation. On the basis of the thorough physico-chemical characterization, the rigid [Cu(KFTG)]+ complex exhibits fast complex formation (t1/2 = 155 s at pH 5.0 and 25 °C) and high inertness (t1/2 = 2.0 h in 5.0 M HCl at 50 °C) as well as moderate superoxide dismutase activity (IC50 = 2.3 μM). Furthermore, the [61Cu]Cu-KFTG-NAPamide possesses outstanding features in the diagnostics of B16-F10 melanoma tumors by PET imaging: (T/M(SUVs) (in vivo): appr. 14, %ID/g: 7 ± 1 and T/M (ex vivo): 315 ± 24 at 180 min).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Kálmán-Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bunda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Norbert Lihi
- ELKH-DE, Mechanisms of Complex Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Szaniszló
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dezső Szikra
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Szabó Péliné
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anikó Fekete
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barbara Gyuricza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Szücs
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc K Kálmán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brown AM, Butman JL, Lengacher R, Vargo NP, Martin KE, Koller A, Śmiłowicz D, Boros E, Robinson JR. N, N-Alkylation Clarifies the Role of N- and O-Protonated Intermediates in Cyclen-Based 64Cu Radiopharmaceuticals. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1362-1376. [PMID: 36490364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radioisotopes of Cu, such as 64Cu and 67Cu, are alluring targets for imaging (e.g., positron emission tomography, PET) and radiotherapeutic applications. Cyclen-based macrocyclic polyaminocarboxylates are one of the most frequently examined bifunctional chelators in vitro and in vivo, including the FDA-approved 64Cu radiopharmaceutical, Cu(DOTATATE) (Detectnet); however, connections between the structure of plausible reactive intermediates and their stability under physiologically relevant conditions remain to be established. In this study, we share the synthesis of a cyclen-based, N,N-alkylated spirocyclic chelate, H2DO3AC4H8, which serves as a model for N-protonation. Our combined experimental (in vitro and in vivo) and computational studies unravel complex pH-dependent speciation and enable side-by-side comparison of N- and O-protonated species of relevant 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals. Our studies suggest that N-protonated species are not inherently unstable species under physiological conditions and demonstrate the potential of N,N-alkylation as a tool for the rational design of future radiopharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Jana L Butman
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Raphael Lengacher
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Natasha P Vargo
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| | - Kirsten E Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Angus Koller
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Dariusz Śmiłowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York11794, United States
| | - Jerome R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02912, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Capriotti G, Piccardo A, Giovannelli E, Signore A. Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010223. [PMID: 36615024 PMCID: PMC9821557 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Copper-64 radionuclide (64Cu), a form of copper chloride (64CuCl2), is rapidly emerging as a diagnostic PET/CT tracer in oncology. It may also represent an interesting alternative to gallium-68 (68Ga) as a radionuclide precursor for labelling radiopharmaceuticals used to investigate neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. This emerging interest is also related to the nuclear properties of 64CuCl2 that make it an ideal theragnostic nuclide. Indeed, 64CuCl2 emits β+ and β- particles together with high-linear-energy-transfer Auger electrons, suggesting the therapeutic potential of 64CuCl2 for the radionuclide cancer therapy of copper-avid tumors. Recently, 64CuCl2 was successfully used to image prostate cancer, bladder cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and non-small cell lung carcinoma in humans. Copper cancer uptake was related to the expression of human copper transport 1 (hCTR1) on the cancer cell surface. Biodistribution, toxicology and radiation safety studies showed its radiation and toxicology safety. Based on the findings from the preclinical research studies, 64CuCl2 PET/CT also holds potential for the diagnostic imaging of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), malignant melanoma, and the detection of the intracranial metastasis of copper-avid tumors based on the low physiological background of radioactive copper uptake in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Capriotti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Arnoldo Piccardo
- S.C. Medicina Nucleare Ente Ospedaliero “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Giovannelli
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Signore
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xia D, Liu Q, Jiao W, Peng L, Wang Q, Tuo Z, Bi L. Exploration of the role of Cuproptosis genes and their related long non-coding RNA in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive bioinformatics study. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1141. [PMID: 36335291 PMCID: PMC9637316 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The mechanism of its occurrence and development is unknown, and there is currently few effective comprehensive predictive markers for prognosis and treatment response. With the discovery of a new cell death process - cuproptosis drew the attention of researchers. We constructed a model for the prediction of clinical prognosis and immunotherapy response through integrative analysis of gene expression datasets from KIRC samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. During the course of the study, we found that cuproptosis genes are significantly differentially expressed between clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples and normal samples. Based on this, we put forward the prognostic model for cuproptosis gene related-long non-coding RNA. And through various statistic and external independent cohorts, we proved that the model is accurate and stable, worthy of clinical application and further exploration and validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Xia
- grid.452696.a0000 0004 7533 3408Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Liu
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Jiao
- grid.452696.a0000 0004 7533 3408Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Longfei Peng
- grid.452696.a0000 0004 7533 3408Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Wang
- grid.452696.a0000 0004 7533 3408Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - ZhouTing Tuo
- grid.452696.a0000 0004 7533 3408Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liangkuan Bi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. .,Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, ShenZhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
64CuCl 2 PET Imaging of 4T1-Related Allograft of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154869. [PMID: 35956819 PMCID: PMC9369569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
64CuCl2 is an economic radiotracer for oncologic PET investigations. In the present study, we characterized the uptake of 64CuCl2 in vivo by µPET/CT in an allograft 4T1-related mouse model (BALB/c) of advanced breast cancer. 18F-FDG was used as a comparator. Twenty-two animals were imaged 7–9 days following 4T1-cell implantation inside mammary glands. Dynamic 64CuCl2 µPET/CT acquisition or iterative static images up to 8 h p.i. were performed. Animal biodistribution and tumor uptake were first evaluated in vivo by µPET analysis and then assessed on tissue specimens. Concerning 18F-FDG µPET, a static acquisition was performed at 15 min and 60 min p.i. Tumor 64CuCl2 accumulation increased from 5 min to 4 h p.i., reaching a maximum value of 5.0 ± 0.20 %ID/g. Liver, brain, and muscle 64CuCl2 accumulation was stable over time. The tumor-to-muscle ratio remained stable from 1 to 8 h p.i., ranging from 3.0 to 3.7. Ex vivo data were consistent with in vivo estimations. The 18F-FDG tumor accumulation was 8.82 ± 1.03 %ID/g, and the tumor-to-muscle ratio was 4.54 ± 1.11. 64CuCl2 PET/CT provides good characterization of the 4T1-related breast cancer model and allows for exploration of non-glycolytic cellular pathways potentially of interest for theragnostic strategies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pazderová L, Benešová M, Havlíčková J, Vojtíčková M, Kotek J, Lubal P, Ullrich M, Walther M, Schulze S, Neuber C, Rammelt S, Pietzsch HJ, Pietzsch J, Kubíček V, Hermann P. Cyclam with a phosphinate-bis(phosphonate) pendant arm is a bone-targeting carrier of copper radionuclides. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9541-9555. [PMID: 35670322 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01172g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ligands combining a bis(phosphonate) group with a macrocycle function as metal isotope carriers for radionuclide-based imaging and for treating bone metastases associated with several cancers. However, bis(phosphonate) pendant arms often slow down complex formation and decrease radiochemical yields. Nevertheless, their negative effect on complexation rates may be mitigated by using a suitable spacer between bis(phosphonate) and the macrocycle. To demonstrate the potential of bis(phosphonate) bearing macrocyclic ligands as a copper radioisotope carrier, we report the synthesis of a new cyclam derivative bearing a phosphinate-bis(phosphonate) pendant (H5te1PBP). The ligand showed a high selectivity to CuII over ZnII and NiII ions, and the bis(phosphonate) group was not coordinated in the CuII complex, strongly interacting with other metal ions in solution. The CuII complex formed quickly, in 1 s, at pH 5 and at a millimolar scale. The complexation rates significantly differed under a ligand or metal ion excess due to the formation of reaction intermediates differing in their metal-to-ligand ratio and protonation state, respectively. The CuII-te1PBP complex also showed a high resistance to acid-assisted hydrolysis (t1/2 2.7 h; 1 M HClO4, 25 °C) and was effectively adsorbed on the hydroxyapatite surface. H5te1PBP radiolabeling with [64Cu]CuCl2 was fast and efficient, with specific activities of approximately 30 GBq 64Cu per 1 μmol of ligand (pH 5.5, room temperature, 30 min). In a pilot experiment, we further demonstrated the excellent suitability of [64Cu]CuII-te1PBP for imaging active bone compartments by dedicated small animal PET/CT in healthy mice and subsequently in a rat femoral defect model, in direct comparison with [18F]fluoride. Moreover, [64Cu]CuII-te1PBP showed a higher uptake in critical bone defect regions. Therefore, our study highlights the potential of [64Cu]CuII-te1PBP as a PET radiotracer for evaluating bone healing in preclinical and clinical settings with a diagnostic value similar to that of [18F]fluoride, albeit with a longer half-life (12.7 h) than 18F (1.8 h), thereby enabling extended observation times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pazderová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Benešová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic. .,Research Group Molecular Biology of Systemic Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Havlíčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Margareta Vojtíčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Přemysl Lubal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Walther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Schulze
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Estimation of biological effect of Cu-64 radiopharmaceuticals with Geant4-DNA simulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8957. [PMID: 35624130 PMCID: PMC9142517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to estimate the biological effect of targeted radionuclide therapy using Cu-64, which is a well-known Auger electron emitter. To do so, we evaluate the absorbed dose of emitted particles from Cu-64 using the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. The contribution of beta particles to the absorbed dose is higher than that of Auger electrons. The simulation result agrees with experimental ones evaluated using coumarin-3-carboxylic acid chemical dosimeter. The simulation result is also in good agreement with previous ones obtained using fluorescent nuclear track detector. From the results of present simulation (i.e., absorbed dose estimation) and previous biological experiments using two cell lines (i.e., evaluation of survival curves), we have estimated the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of Cu-64 emitted particles on CHO wild-type cells and xrs5 cells. The RBE of xrs5 cells exposed to Cu-64 is almost equivalent to that with gamma rays and protons and C ions. This result indicates that the radiosensitivity of xrs5 cells is independent of LET. In comparison to this, the RBE on CHO wild-type cells exposed to Cu-64 is significantly higher than gamma rays and almost equivalent to that irradiated with C ions with a linear energy transfer of 70 keV/μm.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kubinec J, Širůčková V, Havlíčková J, Kotek J, Kubicek V, Lubal P, Hermann P. Complexes of NOTA‐monoamides with CuII ion: Structural, equilibrium and kinetic study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kubinec
- Univerzita Karlova Přírodovědecká fakulta: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta Department of Inorganic Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Viktorie Širůčková
- Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta: Masarykova univerzita Prirodovedecka Fakulta Department of Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Jana Havlíčková
- PřF UK: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta Department of Inorganic Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Jan Kotek
- Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta Department of Inorganic Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Vojtech Kubicek
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Department of Inorganic Chemistry Hlavova 2030 128 40 Prague 2 CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Přemysl Lubal
- Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta: Masarykova univerzita Prirodovedecka Fakulta Department of Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Petr Hermann
- Univerzita Karlova Přírodovědecká fakulta: Univerzita Karlova Prirodovedecka fakulta Departmnet of Inorganic Chemistry CZECH REPUBLIC
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Parrilha GL, dos Santos RG, Beraldo H. Applications of radiocomplexes with thiosemicarbazones and bis(thiosemicarbazones) in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
19
|
Mou L, Martini P, Pupillo G, Cieszykowska I, Cutler CS, Mikołajczak R. 67Cu Production Capabilities: A Mini Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051501. [PMID: 35268600 PMCID: PMC8912090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Is the 67Cu production worldwide feasible for expanding preclinical and clinical studies? How can we face the ingrowing demands of this emerging and promising theranostic radionuclide for personalized therapies? This review looks at the different production routes, including the accelerator- and reactor-based ones, providing a comprehensive overview of the actual 67Cu supply, with brief insight into its use in non-clinical and clinical studies. In addition to the most often explored nuclear reactions, this work focuses on the 67Cu separation and purification techniques, as well as the target material recovery procedures that are mandatory for the economic sustainability of the production cycle. The quality aspects, such as radiochemical, chemical, and radionuclidic purity, with particular attention to the coproduction of the counterpart 64Cu, are also taken into account, with detailed comparisons among the different production routes. Future possibilities related to new infrastructures are included in this work, as well as new developments on the radiopharmaceuticals aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Mou
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Petra Martini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; or
| | - Gaia Pupillo
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Izabela Cieszykowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
| | - Cathy S. Cutler
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Collider Accelerator Department, Upton, NY 11973, USA;
| | - Renata Mikołajczak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fan FL, Li HW, Cheng NW, Huang QG, Chen DS, Wu XL, Qin Z. Selective adsorption and separation of Cu(II) from Zn solution by CU resin. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
21
|
Kaushik D, Jangra P, Verma R, Purohit D, Pandey P, Sharma S, Sharma RK. Radiopharmaceuticals: An insight into the latest advances in medical uses and regulatory perspectives. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
22
|
Copper-64-Labeled 1C1m-Fc, a New Tool for TEM-1 PET Imaging and Prediction of Lutetium-177-Labeled 1C1m-Fc Therapy Efficacy and Safety. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235936. [PMID: 34885044 PMCID: PMC8657097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevalence of TEM-1 in the vasculature and the stroma of solid tumors and in malignant cells of sarcomas suggests that targeting TEM-1 could have therapeutic benefit. In this context, an anti-TEM-1 companion diagnostic may assist in the personalized medicine approach, whereby TEM-1 expression is exploited as a biomarker to select patients that would most benefit from a treatment directed toward the TEM-1 antigen. In our previous works, we have selected 1C1m-Fc, a fusion protein antibody, radiolabeled it with 177Lu and demonstrated that [177Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc has interesting therapeutic performance. To define a suitable radiopharmaceutical companion for theranostic applications, 64Cu was chosen to radiolabel the fusion protein antibody. The aim of this work was thus to determine if [64Cu]Cu-1C1m-Fc can be considered for TEM-1 PET imaging and to predict the dosimetry of the [177Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc companion therapy. Abstract 1C1m-Fc, a promising anti-TEM-1 DOTA conjugate, was labeled with 64Cu to target cancer cells for PET imaging and predicting the efficacy and safety of a previously studied [177Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc companion therapy. DOTA-conjugated 1C1m-Fc was characterized by mass spectrometry, thin layer chromatography and immunoreactivity assessment. PET/CT and biodistribution studies were performed in human neuroblastoma xenografted mice. Absorbed doses were assessed from biodistribution results and extrapolated to 177Lu based on the [64Cu]Cu-1C1m-Fc data. The immunoreactivity was ≥ 70% after 48 h of incubation in serum, and the specificity of [64Cu]Cu-1C1m-Fc for the target was validated. High-resolution PET/CT images were obtained, with the best tumor-to-organ ratios reached at 24 or 48 h and correlated with results of the biodistribution study. Healthy organs receiving the highest doses were the liver, the kidneys and the uterus. [64Cu]Cu-1C1m-Fc could be of interest to give an indication of 177Lu dosimetry for parenchymal organs. In the uterus and the tumor, characterized by specific TEM-1 expression, the 177Lu-extrapolated absorbed doses are overestimated because of the lack of later measurement time points. Nevertheless, 1C1m-Fc radiolabeled with 64Cu for imaging would appear as an interesting radionuclide companion for therapeutic application with [177Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc.
Collapse
|
23
|
Choiński J, Łyczko M. Prospects for the production of radioisotopes and radiobioconjugates for theranostics. BIO-ALGORITHMS AND MED-SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/bams-2021-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The development of diagnostic methods in medicine as well as the progress in the synthesis of biologically active compounds allows the use of selected radioisotopes for the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially cancerous ones, in patients. This approach is called theranostic. This review article includes chemical and physical characterization of chosen theranostic radioisotopes and their compounds that are or could be useful in nuclear medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Łyczko
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu A, Han J, Nakano A, Konno H, Moriwaki H, Abe H, Izawa K, Soloshonok VA. New pharmaceuticals approved by FDA in 2020: Small-molecule drugs derived from amino acids and related compounds. Chirality 2021; 34:86-103. [PMID: 34713503 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) play an important role in the modern health industry as key synthetic precursors for pharmaceuticals, biomaterials, biosensors, and drug delivery systems. Currently, over 30% of small-molecule drugs contain residues of tailor-made AAs or derived from them amino-alcohols and di-amines. In this review article, we profile 12 AA-derived new pharmaceuticals approved by the FDA in 2020. These newly introduced drugs include Tazverik (epithelioid sarcoma), Gemtesa (overactive bladder), Zeposia (multiple sclerosis), Byfavo (induction and maintenance of procedural sedation), Cu 64 dotatate, and Gallium 68 PSMA-11 (both PET imaging), Rimegepant (acute migraine), Zepzelca (lung cancer), Remdesivir (COVID-19), Amisulpride (nausea and vomiting), Setmelanotide (obesity), and Lonafarnib (progeria syndrome). For each compound, we describe the spectrum of biological activity, medicinal chemistry discovery, and synthetic preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiyao Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Arina Nakano
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ballan M, Vettorato E, Morselli L, Tosato M, Nardella S, Borgna F, Corradetti S, Monetti A, Lunardon M, Zenoni A, Di Marco V, Realdon N, Andrighetto A. Development of implantation substrates for the collection of radionuclides of medical interest produced via ISOL technique at INFN-LNL. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 175:109795. [PMID: 34087532 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Accelerator-based techniques with electromagnetic mass separation are considered among the most innovative and promising strategies to produce non-conventional radionuclides for nuclear medicine. Such approach was successfully used at CERN, where the dedicated MEDICIS facility was built, and at TRIUMF, where the ISAC radioactive beam facility was used to produce unconventional α-emitters. In such framework, the Legnaro National Laboratories of the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN-LNL) proposed the ISOLPHARM project (ISOL technique for radioPHARMaceuticals), which will exploit radionuclides producible with the SPES (Selective Production of Exotic Species) ISOL (Isotope Separation On-Line) facility to develop novel radiopharmaceuticals. The ISOL technique utilizes the irradiation with a primary beam of particles/nuclei of a production target where radionuclides are produced. A radioactive ion beam is subsequently extracted from the production target unit, and transported up to an analyzing magnet, where non-isobaric contaminants are filtered out. The so-obtained purified radioactive beam is dumped onto an implantation substrate, referred as collection target. Then, the desired nuclides can be chemically harvested from the collected isobars, and the isotopically pure atom collection can be employed to radiolabel high specific activity radiopharmaceuticals. Metallic deposition targets in the form of coated metal foils were mostly used at TRIUMF and CERN. At ISOLPHARM, a different approach is under investigation which foresees the use of soluble cold-pressed collection targets, possibly facilitating the chemical purification process of the collected radionuclides. In this study, the production and characterization of some of the ISOLPHARM collection targets is presented, in particular, soluble salts (NaCl and NaNO3) and organic materials widely used for pharmaceutical tablets production are considered. All such materials proved to be potentially suitable as collection targets, since solid samples were easily produced and resulted compatible with the vacuum conditions required for the ion implantation process. Furthermore, some of the selected substrates were used for proof-of-concept deposition tests with stable silver, to prove their suitability as ISOLPHARM deposition substrates for silver-111, a promising candidate for radiotherapy. Such tests highlighted possible scenarios useful for the development of new alternative materials, as the use of insoluble organic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ballan
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - E Vettorato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - L Morselli
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020, Legnaro, Italy; Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Tosato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - S Nardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - F Borgna
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - S Corradetti
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - A Monetti
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Lunardon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy; Padova Division, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - A Zenoni
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - V Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - N Realdon
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - A Andrighetto
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chomet M, van Dongen GAMS, Vugts DJ. State of the Art in Radiolabeling of Antibodies with Common and Uncommon Radiometals for Preclinical and Clinical Immuno-PET. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1315-1330. [PMID: 33974403 PMCID: PMC8299458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Inert
and stable radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies (mAb),
antibody fragments, or antibody mimetics with radiometals is a prerequisite
for immuno-PET. While radiolabeling is preferably fast, mild, efficient,
and reproducible, especially when applied for human use in a current
Good Manufacturing Practice compliant way, it is crucial that the
obtained radioimmunoconjugate is stable and shows preserved immunoreactivity
and in vivo behavior. Radiometals and chelators have
extensively been evaluated to come to the most ideal radiometal–chelator
pair for each type of antibody derivative. Although PET imaging of
antibodies is a relatively recent tool, applications with 89Zr, 64Cu, and 68Ga have greatly increased in
recent years, especially in the clinical setting, while other less
common radionuclides such as 52Mn, 86Y, 66Ga, and 44Sc, but also 18F as in [18F]AlF are emerging promising candidates for the radiolabeling
of antibodies. This review presents a state of the art overview of
the practical aspects of radiolabeling of antibodies, ranging from
fast kinetic affibodies and nanobodies to slow kinetic intact mAbs.
Herein, we focus on the most common approach which consists of first
modification of the antibody with a chelator, and after eventual storage
of the premodified molecule, radiolabeling as a second step. Other
approaches are possible but have been excluded from this review. The
review includes recent and representative examples from the literature
highlighting which radiometal–chelator–antibody combinations
are the most successful for in vivo application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Chomet
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Guus A M S van Dongen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mieszkowska M, Grdeń M. Electrochemical deposition of nickel targets from aqueous electrolytes for medical radioisotope production in accelerators: a review. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-04950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper reviews reported methods of the electrochemical deposition of nickel layers which are used as target materials for accelerator production of medical radioisotopes. The review focuses on the electrodeposition carried out from aqueous electrolytes. It describes the main challenges related to the preparation of suitable Ni target layers, such as work with limited amounts of expensive isotopically enriched nickel; electrodeposition of sufficiently thick, smooth and free of cracks layers; and recovery of unreacted Ni isotopes from the irradiated targets and from used electrolytic baths.
Collapse
|
28
|
Herrero Álvarez N, Bauer D, Hernández-Gil J, Lewis JS. Recent Advances in Radiometals for Combined Imaging and Therapy in Cancer. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2909-2941. [PMID: 33792195 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear medicine is defined as the use of radionuclides for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The imaging modalities positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are based on γ-emissions of specific energies. The therapeutic technologies are based on β- -particle-, α-particle-, and Auger electron emitters. In oncology, PET and SPECT are used to detect cancer lesions, to determine dosimetry, and to monitor therapy effectiveness. In contrast, radiotherapy is designed to irreparably damage tumor cells in order to eradicate or control the disease's progression. Radiometals are being explored for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Strategies that combine both modalities (diagnostic and therapeutic), referred to as theranostics, are promising candidates for clinical applications. This review provides an overview of the basic concepts behind therapeutic and diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals and their significance in contemporary oncology. Select radiometals that significantly impact current and upcoming cancer treatment strategies are grouped as clinically suitable theranostics pairs. The most important physical and chemical properties are discussed. Standard production methods and current radionuclide availability are provided to indicate whether a cost-efficient use in a clinical routine is feasible. Recent preclinical and clinical developments and outline perspectives for the radiometals are highlighted in each section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Herrero Álvarez
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Javier Hernández-Gil
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Martin S, Maus S, Stemler T, Rosar F, Khreish F, Holland JP, Ezziddin S, Bartholomä MD. Proof-of-Concept Study of the NOTI Chelating Platform: Preclinical Evaluation of 64Cu-Labeled Mono- and Trimeric c(RGDfK) Conjugates. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:95-108. [PMID: 32856224 PMCID: PMC7782405 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We recently developed a chelating platform based on the macrocycle 1,4,7-triazacyclononane with up to three five-membered azaheterocyclic arms for the preparation of 68Ga- and 64Cu-based radiopharmaceuticals. Based on this platform, the chelator scaffold NOTI-TVA with three additional carboxylic acid groups for bioconjugation was synthesized and characterized. The primary aims of this proof-of-concept study were (1) to evaluate if trimeric radiotracers on the basis of the NOTI-TVA 6 scaffold can be developed, (2) to determine if the additional substituents for bioconjugation at the non-coordinating NH atoms of the imidazole residues of the building block NOTI influence the metal binding properties, and (3) what influence multiple targeting vectors have on the biological performance of the radiotracer. The cyclic RGDfK peptide that specifically binds to the αvß3 integrin receptor was selected as the biological model system. PROCEDURES Two different synthetic routes for the preparation of NOTI-TVA 6 were explored. Three c(RGDfK) peptide residues were conjugated to the NOTI-TVA 6 building block by standard peptide chemistry providing the trimeric bioconjugate NOTI-TVA-c(RGDfK)3 9. Labeling of 9 with [64Cu]CuCl2 was performed manually at pH 8.2 at ambient temperature. Binding affinities of Cu-8, the Cu2+ complex of the previously described monomer NODIA-Me-c(RGDfK) 8, and the trimer Cu-9 to integrin αvß3 were determined in competitive cell binding experiments in the U-87MG cell line. The pharmacokinetics of both 64Cu-labeled conjugates [64Cu]Cu-8 and [64Cu]Cu-9 were determined by small-animal PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies in mice bearing U-87MG xenografts. RESULTS Depending on the synthetic route, NOTI-TVA 6 was obtained with an overall yield up to 58 %. The bioconjugate 9 was prepared in 41 % yield. Both conjugates [64Cu]Cu-8 and [64Cu]Cu-9 were radiolabeled quantitatively at ambient temperature in high molar activities of Am ~ 20 MBq nmol-1 in less than 5 min. Competitive inhibitory constants IC50 of c(RDGfK) 7, Cu-8, and Cu-9 were determined to be 159.5 ± 1.3 nM, 256.1 ± 2.1 nM, and 99.5 ± 1.1 nM, respectively. In small-animal experiments, both radiotracers specifically delineated αvß3 integrin-positive U-87MG tumors with low uptake in non-target organs and rapid blood clearance. The trimer [64Cu]Cu-9 showed a ~ 2.5-fold higher tumor uptake compared with the monomer [64Cu]Cu-8. CONCLUSIONS Functionalization of NOTI at the non-coordinating NH atoms of the imidazole residues for bioconjugation was straightforward and allowed the preparation of a homotrimeric RGD conjugate. After optimization of the synthesis, required building blocks to make NOTI-TVA 6 are now available on multi-gram scale. Modifications at the imidazole groups had no measurable impact on metal binding properties in vitro and in vivo suggesting that the NOTI scaffold is a promising candidate for the development of 64Cu-labeled multimeric/multifunctional radiotracers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Martin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue de Bugnon 25A, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Maus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Stemler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Florian Rosar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Fadi Khreish
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samer Ezziddin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mark D Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University - Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421, Homburg, Germany.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Makris G, Shegani A, Kankanamalage PHA, Kuchuk M, Bandari RP, Smith CJ, Hennkens HM. Preclinical Evaluation of Novel 64Cu-Labeled Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Bioconjugates for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1290-1297. [PMID: 33434428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the preclinical evaluation of new [64Cu]Cu-gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeting tracers, employing the potent peptide antagonist DPhe-Gln-Trp-Ala-VaI-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2 conjugated to NOTA (in 1) or NODAGA (in 2) chelators via a 6-aminohexanoic acid linker. The Cu-1/2 metalated peptides were synthesized by reacting 1/2 with CuCl2 and were characterized by LC-ESI-MS and HR-ESI-MS. Cu-1/2 exhibited high GRPR-binding affinities with IC50 values <3 nM, as measured in a competition assay using the GRPR-expressing human PC-3 prostate cancer cell line and [125I]I-Tyr4-BBN as the competing ligand. Tracers [64Cu]Cu-1/2 were prepared in quantitative radiochemical yield (by radio-HPLC), and their identities were confirmed by coelution with their Cu-1/2 standards via comparative HPLC studies. Lipophilicity was measured in 1-octanol/PBS (pH 7.4), and the negative log D7.4 values (≤-1) confirmed the anticipated hydrophilic character for [64Cu]Cu-1/2. Both tracers demonstrated excellent in vitro stability, with ≥98% remaining intact through 24 h at physiological conditions (PBS, pH 7.4, 37 °C). Biodistribution in PC-3 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated good tumor uptake (%ID/g at 4 h: 4.34 ± 0.71 for [64Cu]Cu-1, 3.92 ± 1.03 for [64Cu]Cu-2) and rapid renal clearance (≥87% ID at 4 h). Tumor uptake was receptor-mediated, as verified by parallel GRPR-blocking studies. Small-animal PET/CT imaging studies validated the biodistribution data. These preclinical data support that the [64Cu]Cu-1/2 tracers show promise for further development as diagnostic PET imaging agents of GRPR-expressing tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Makris
- Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Antonio Shegani
- Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Marina Kuchuk
- Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Rajendra P Bandari
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
| | - Charles J Smith
- Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, United States
| | - Heather M Hennkens
- Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Coenen HH, Ermert J. Expanding PET-applications in life sciences with positron-emitters beyond fluorine-18. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:241-269. [PMID: 32900582 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Positron-emission-tomography (PET) has become an indispensable diagnostic tool in modern nuclear medicine. Its outstanding molecular imaging features allow repetitive studies on one individual and with high sensitivity, though no interference. Rather few positron-emitters with near favourable physical properties, i.e. carbon-11 and fluorine-18, furnished most studies in the beginning, preferably if covalently bound as isotopic label of small molecules. With the advancement of PET-devices the scope of in vivo research in life sciences and especially that of medical applications expanded, and other than "standard" PET-nuclides received increasing significance, like the radiometals copper-64 and gallium-68. Especially during the last decades, positron-emitters of other chemical elements have gotten into the focus of interest, concomitant with the technical advancements in imaging and radionuclide production. With known nuclear imaging properties and main production methods of emerging positron-emitters their usefulness for medical application is promising and even proven for several ones already. Unfortunate decay properties could be corrected for, and β+-emitters, especially with a longer half-life, provided new possibilities for application where slower processes are of importance. Further on, (bio)chemical features of positron-emitters of other elements, among there many metals, not only expanded the field of classical clinical investigations, but also opened up new fields of application. Appropriately labelled peptides, proteins and nanoparticles lend itself as newer probes for PET-imaging, e.g. in theragnostic or PET/MR hybrid imaging. Furthermore, the potential of non-destructive in-vivo imaging with positron-emission-tomography directs the view on further areas of life sciences. Thus, exploiting the excellent methodology for basic research on molecular biochemical functions and processes is increasingly encouraged as well in areas outside of health, such as plant and environmental sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz H Coenen
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5, Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Johannes Ermert
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5, Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
PET Radiochemistry. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
33
|
Pinto CIG, Bucar S, Alves V, Fonseca A, Abrunhosa AJ, da Silva CL, Guerreiro JF, Mendes F. Copper-64 Chloride Exhibits Therapeutic Potential in Three-Dimensional Cellular Models of Prostate Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:609172. [PMID: 33335914 PMCID: PMC7736412 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.609172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer type in men, and in advanced metastatic stages is considerable incurable. This justifies the need for efficient early diagnostic methods and novel therapies, particularly radiopharmaceuticals with the potential for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy (theranostics). We have previously demonstrated, using monolayer-cultured cells, that copper-64 chloride, a promising theranostic agent for PCa, has the potential to induce significant damage in cancer cells while having minimal side effects in healthy tissues. Here, we further explored this compound for its theranostic applications using more advanced PCa cellular models, specifically multicellular spheroids. Namely, we evaluated the cellular uptake of 64CuCl2 in three human PCa spheroids (derived from 22RV1, DU145, and LNCaP cells), and characterized the growth profile and viability of those spheroids as well as the clonogenic capacity of spheroid-derived cells after exposure to 64CuCl2. Furthermore, the populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs), known to be important for cancer resistance and recurrence, present in the spheroid models were also evaluated using two different markers (CD44 and CD117). 64CuCl2 was found to have significant detrimental effects in spheroids and spheroid-derived cells, being able to reduce their growth and impair the viability and reproductive ability of spheroids from both castration-resistant (22RV1 and DU145) and hormone-naïve PCa (LNCaP). Interestingly, resistance to 64CuCl2 treatment seemed to be related with the presence of a CSC population, since the most resistant spheroids, derived from the DU145 cell line, had the highest initial percentage of CSCs among the three cell lines under study. Altogether, these results clearly highlight the theranostic potential of 64CuCl2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina I G Pinto
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Bucar
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vítor Alves
- CIBIT/ICNAS Instituto de Ciências Nucleares Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Fonseca
- CIBIT/ICNAS Instituto de Ciências Nucleares Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antero J Abrunhosa
- CIBIT/ICNAS Instituto de Ciências Nucleares Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana F Guerreiro
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Design of a multivalent bifunctional chelator for diagnostic 64Cu PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30928-30933. [PMID: 33234563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014058117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a 64Cu positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent that shows appreciable in vivo brain uptake and exhibits high specific affinity for beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates, leading to the successful PET imaging of amyloid plaques in the brains of 5xFAD mice versus those of wild-type mice. The employed approach uses a bifunctional chelator with two Aβ-interacting fragments that dramatically improves the Aβ-binding affinity and lipophilicity for favorable blood-brain barrier penetration, while the use of optimized-length spacers between the Cu-chelating group and the Aβ-interacting fragments further improves the in vivo Aβ-binding specificity and brain uptake of the corresponding 64Cu PET imaging agent.
Collapse
|
35
|
Lelièvre P, Sancey L, Coll JL, Deniaud A, Busser B. The Multifaceted Roles of Copper in Cancer: A Trace Metal Element with Dysregulated Metabolism, but Also a Target or a Bullet for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3594. [PMID: 33271772 PMCID: PMC7760327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human body, copper (Cu) is a major and essential player in a large number of cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways. The involvement of Cu in oxidation-reduction reactions requires close regulation of copper metabolism in order to avoid toxic effects. In many types of cancer, variations in copper protein levels have been demonstrated. These variations result in increased concentrations of intratumoral Cu and alterations in the systemic distribution of copper. Such alterations in Cu homeostasis may promote tumor growth or invasiveness or may even confer resistance to treatments. Once characterized, the dysregulated Cu metabolism is pinpointing several promising biomarkers for clinical use with prognostic or predictive capabilities. The altered Cu metabolism in cancer cells and the different responses of tumor cells to Cu are strongly supporting the development of treatments to disrupt, deplete, or increase Cu levels in tumors. The metallic nature of Cu as a chemical element is key for the development of anticancer agents via the synthesis of nanoparticles or copper-based complexes with antineoplastic properties for therapy. Finally, some of these new therapeutic strategies such as chelators or ionophores have shown promising results in a preclinical setting, and others are already in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lelièvre
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Aurélien Deniaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Busser
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38043 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Natarajan A. Copper-64-immunoPET imaging: bench to bedside. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:356-363. [PMID: 33045821 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a growing non-invasive diagnostic and molecular imaging tool in nuclear medicine, that is used to identify several diseases including cancer. The immunoPET probe is made up of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or its fragments or similar molecules that tagged with positron radioisotopes (68Ga, 64Cu, 89Zr) bound together by a bifunctional chelator (BFC). This probe is designed to identify a specific disease. Currently, several immunoPET probes are being developed for preclinical as well as for clinical applications. These studies are showing promising results, both in preclinical and patients, using mostly 64Cu, 89Zr isotopes. This review elucidates the 64Cu based immunoPET applications, their pipelines and the emerging scope of this technique within the nuclear medicine and molecular imaging clinics from bench to bedside. Recently, immunoPET research have sharply increased especially after a big surge in approval of oncology antibodies by the FDA for immune checkpoint-blockade cancer immunotherapies. Currently, preclinical to clinical translations of immunoPET has several challenges, including designing probes, choice of radioisotopes, selection of stable BFC, and size of antibody and its tracer kinetics. All these obstacles will be addressed eventually by improving PET scanner sensitivity, designing appropriate size of imaging probe, and combining immunoPET with specific targeting antibodies. These improvements should contribute to the immunoPET becoming more applicable in clinics, which, in turn, will provide critical information for correct patient selection, for right dosing, and for the right time/staging of treatment.
Collapse
|
37
|
Pasquali M, Martini P, Shahi A, Jalilian AR, Osso JA, Boschi A. Copper-64 based radiopharmaceuticals for brain tumors and hypoxia imaging. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:371-381. [PMID: 33026209 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The most common and aggressive primary malignancy of the central nervous system is Glioblastoma that, as a wide range of malignant solid tumor, is characterized by extensive hypoxic regions. A great number of PET radiopharmaceuticals have been developed for the identification of hypoxia in solid tumors, among these, we find copper-based tracers. The aim of the current review paper was to provide an overview of radiocopper compounds applied for preclinical and clinical research in brain tumors and hypoxia imaging or therapy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Copper offers a wide variety of isotopes, useful for nuclear medicine applications, but only 64Cu and 67Cu are under the spotlight of the scientific community since being good candidates for theranostic applications. Between the two, 64Cu availability and production cost have attracted more interest of the scientific community. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS In order to better understand the application of copper-bis thiosemicarbazones in hypoxia imaging, an overview of the role of hypoxia in cancer, existing non-imaging and imaging techniques for hypoxia identification and promising future avenues regarding hypoxia is necessary. Different proposed uptake mechanisms of [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] inside the cell will be discussed and other 64Cu-based tracers for brain tumors described. CONCLUSIONS Among radio copper compounds [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] is the most studied radiopharmaceutical for imaging and treatment of brain tumors. Experimental evidence suggested that [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] could be more appropriately considered as a marker of over-reduced intracellular state rather than a pure hypoxia agent. Moreover, preliminary clinical data suggested that [64Cu]CuCl<inf>2</inf> can be a potentially useful diagnostic agent for malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Pasquali
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Laboratories of Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Petra Martini
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Laboratories of Legnaro, Padua, Italy.,Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arman Shahi
- Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Amir R Jalilian
- Department of Nuclear Science and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Joao A Osso
- Department of Nuclear Science and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Boschi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy -
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bolzati C, Duatti A. The emerging value of 64Cu for molecular imaging and therapy. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:329-337. [PMID: 33026210 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Along with other novel metallic radionuclides, copper-64 (64Cu) is currently being investigated as an alternative option to the gallium-68 (68Ga) and lutetium-177 (177Lu) radiopharmaceuticals widely used for targeting somatostatin receptors, expressed by neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and recently prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), expressed by prostate cancer cells. This interest is mostly driven by the peculiar nuclear properties of 64Cu that make it an almost ideal example of theranostic radionuclide. In fact, 64Cu emits both low-energy positrons, β- particles and a swarm of Auger electrons. This combination of different emissions may allow to collect high-resolution PET images, but also to use the same radiopharmaceutical for eliciting a therapeutic effect. Another unique behavior of 64Cu originates from the fundamental biological role played in organisms by the ionic forms of the copper element, which is naturally involved in a multitude of cellular processes including cell replication. These intrinsic biological characteristics has led to the discovery that 64Cu, under its simplest dicationic form Cu2+, is able to specifically target a variety of cancerous cells and to detect the onset of a metastatic process in its initial stage. This short review reports an outline of the status of 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals and of the most relevant results that are constantly disclosed by preclinical and investigational clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano Duatti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy -
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jalilian AR, Osso JA, Vera-Araujo J, Kumar V, Harris MJ, Gutfilen B, Guérin B, Li H, Zhuravlev F, Chakravarty R, Alirezapour B, Ávila-Rodríguez MA, Khan IU, Aljammaz I, Assaad T, Luurtsema G, Smith J, Duatti A. IAEA contribution to the development of 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals for theranostic applications. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:338-345. [PMID: 33026211 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Copper-64 is a very attractive radioisotope with unique nuclear properties that allow using it as both a diagnostic and therapeutic agent, thus providing an almost ideal example of a theranostic radionuclide. A characteristic of Cu-64 stems from the intrinsic biological nature of copper ions that play a fundamental role in a large number of cellular processes. Cu-64 is a radionuclide that reflects the natural biochemical pathways of Cu-64 ions, therefore, can be exploited for the detection and therapy of certain malignancies and metabolic diseases. Beside these applications of Cu-64 ions, this radionuclide can be also used for radiolabelling bifunctional chelators carrying a variety of pharmacophores for targeting different biological substrates. These include peptide-based substrates and immunoconjugates as well as small-molecule bioactive moieties. Fueled by the growing interest of Member States (MS) belonging to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) community, a dedicated Coordinated Research Project (CRP) was initiated in 2016, which recruited thirteen participating MS from four continents. Research activities and collaborations between the participating countries allowed for collection of an impressive series of results, particularly on the production, preclinical evaluation and, in a few cases, clinical evaluation of various 64Cu-radiopharmaceuticals that may have potential impact on future development of the field. Since this CRP was finalized at the beginning of 2020, this short review summarizes outcomes, outputs and results of this project with the purpose to propagate to other MS and to the whole scientific community, some of the most recent achievements on this novel class of theranostic 64Cu-pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir R Jalilian
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna International Center, Vienna, Austria -
| | - Joao A Osso
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna International Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Vera-Araujo
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna International Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Bianca Gutfilen
- Department of Radiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Marcação de Células e Moléculas (LMCM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Centre de Recherche du CHUS (CRCHUS), Centre d'Excellence en Imagerie Médicale (CIMUS), University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Hongyu Li
- China Isotope and Radiation Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Fedor Zhuravlev
- Hevesy Laboratory, Technical University of Denmark (DTU HEALTH TECH), Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rubel Chakravarty
- Division of Radiopharmaceuticals, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Behrouz Alirezapour
- Radiation Applications Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Miguel A Ávila-Rodríguez
- Unit of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, Division of Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Irfan U Khan
- Division of Cyclotron and Allied Radiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology (INMOL), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Aljammaz
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thaer Assaad
- Department of Radioisotope, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
| | - Gert Luurtsema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeff Smith
- MU School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Adriano Duatti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Eychenne R, Bouvry C, Bourgeois M, Loyer P, Benoist E, Lepareur N. Overview of Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analogs for Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4012. [PMID: 32887456 PMCID: PMC7504749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identified in 1973, somatostatin (SST) is a cyclic hormone peptide with a short biological half-life. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are widely expressed in the whole body, with five subtypes described. The interaction between SST and its receptors leads to the internalization of the ligand-receptor complex and triggers different cellular signaling pathways. Interestingly, the expression of SSTRs is significantly enhanced in many solid tumors, especially gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). Thus, somatostatin analogs (SSAs) have been developed to improve the stability of the endogenous ligand and so extend its half-life. Radiolabeled analogs have been developed with several radioelements such as indium-111, technetium-99 m, and recently gallium-68, fluorine-18, and copper-64, to visualize the distribution of receptor overexpression in tumors. Internal metabolic radiotherapy is also used as a therapeutic strategy (e.g., using yttrium-90, lutetium-177, and actinium-225). With some radiopharmaceuticals now used in clinical practice, somatostatin analogs developed for imaging and therapy are an example of the concept of personalized medicine with a theranostic approach. Here, we review the development of these analogs, from the well-established and authorized ones to the most recently developed radiotracers, which have better pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrate increased efficacy and safety, as well as the search for new clinical indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Bouvry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)—UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mickael Bourgeois
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Loyer
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Eric Benoist
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
| | - Nicolas Lepareur
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chakravarty R, Rajeswari A, Shetty P, Jagadeesan KC, Ram R, Jadhav S, Sarma HD, Dash A, Chakraborty S. A simple and robust method for radiochemical separation of no-carrier-added 64Cu produced in a research reactor for radiopharmaceutical preparation. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109341. [PMID: 32745917 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Copper-64 is an excellent theranostic radiometal that is gaining renewed attention of the clinical community in the recent times. In order to meet the increasing demand of this radiometal, we have demonstrated the viability of its production via 64Zn (n,p) 64Cu reaction in a nuclear reactor. A semi-automated radiochemical separation module based on selective extraction of 64Cu as dithizonate complex was developed. The maximum available activity at the end of irradiation was ~ 700 MBq. The overall yield of 64Cu after the separation process was >85% and it could be obtained with ~12 GBq/μg specific activity, >99.9% radionuclidic purity and >98% radiochemical purity. The separated 64Cu could be utilized for preparation of a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Ardhi Rajeswari
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Priyalata Shetty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - K C Jagadeesan
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ramu Ram
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sachin Jadhav
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Haladhar Dev Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Preclinical PET imaging study of lung cancer with 64CuCl 2. Ann Nucl Med 2020; 34:653-662. [PMID: 32567008 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human copper transporter 1 (CTR1) has been proven to be overexpressed in many types of cancer cells, and copper (II)-64 chloride (64CuCl2) has been used as an effective tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in tumor-bearing animal models. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the potential application of 64CuCl2 in PET imaging of lung cancer through targeting CTR1. METHODS The expression of CTR1 in a series of lung cancer cell lines was identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescent staining. Then in vitro cell uptake assay of 64CuCl2 was investigated in human lung cancer cell lines with different levels of CTR1 expression. Small animal PET imaging and quantitative analysis were performed in human lung cancer tumor-bearing mice after intravenous injection of 64CuCl2, respectively. RESULTS The CTR1 expression in multiple human lung cancer cells was identified and confirmed, and H1299 cell lines with high CTR1 expression, H460 with moderate CTR1, and H1703 with low CTR1 were selected for further experiments. In vitro cellular uptake assay displayed that the 64CuCl2 uptake by these three kinds of cells was positively correlated with their CTR1 expressed levels. The blocking experiments testified the specificity of 64CuCl2 to target CTR1. Moreover, small animal PET imaging and quantitative results showed that 64CuCl2 accumulation in H1299, H460, and H1703 tumor-bearing mice were consistent with CTR1 levels and cell uptake experiments. CONCLUSIONS The expression of CTR1 in human lung cancer xenograft model could be successfully visualized by 64CuCl2 PET examination. With the expected growth of PET/CT examination to be an essential strategy in clinical lung cancer management, 64CuCl2 has the potential to be a promising PET imaging agent of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
43
|
Pazderová L, David T, Hlinová V, Plutnar J, Kotek J, Lubal P, Kubíček V, Hermann P. Cross-Bridged Cyclam with Phosphonate and Phosphinate Pendant Arms: Chelators for Copper Radioisotopes with Fast Complexation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8432-8443. [PMID: 32437603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cross-bridged cyclam derivatives bearing two phosphonate (H4L1), bis(phosphinate) (H4L2), or phosphinate (H2L3) pendant arms were synthesized and studied with respect to their application as copper radioisotope carriers in nuclear medicine. The ligands show high macrocycle basicity (pK1 > 14) and high Cu(II) complex stability (log K = 20-24). The complexation and dissociation kinetics of the Cu(II) complexes were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Phosphonate Cu(II)-H4L1 and bis(phosphinate) Cu(II)-H4L2 complexes form very quickly, reaching quantitative formation within 1 s at pH ∼6 and millimolar concentrations. Conversely, the formation of the phosphinate complex Cu(II)-H2L3 is much slower (9 min at pH ∼6) due to the low stability of the out-of-cage reaction intermediate. All studied complexes are highly kinetically inert, showing half-lives of 120, 11, and 111 h for Cu(II)-H4L1, Cu(II)-H4L2, and Cu(II)-H2L3 complexes, respectively, in 1 M HClO4 at 90 °C. The high thermodynamic stability, fast formation, and extreme kinetic inertness of Cu(II) complexes indicate that phosphonate and bis(phosphinate) derivatives are promising ligands for nuclear medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pazderová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš David
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hlinová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Lubal
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu T, Karlsen M, Karlberg AM, Redalen KR. Hypoxia imaging and theranostic potential of [ 64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] and ionic Cu(II) salts: a review of current evidence and discussion of the retention mechanisms. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:33. [PMID: 32274601 PMCID: PMC7145880 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00621-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor hypoxia (low tissue oxygenation) is an adverse condition of the solid tumor environment, associated with malignant progression, radiotherapy resistance, and poor prognosis. One method to detect tumor hypoxia is by positron emission tomography (PET) with the tracer [64Cu][Cu-diacetyl-bis(N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone)] ([64Cu][Cu(ATSM)]), as demonstrated in both preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, emerging studies suggest using [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] for molecular radiotherapy, mainly due to the release of therapeutic Auger electrons from copper-64, making [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] a “theranostic” agent. However, the radiocopper retention based on a metal-ligand dissociation mechanism under hypoxia has long been controversial. Recent studies using ionic Cu(II) salts as tracers have raised further questions on the original mechanism and proposed a potential role of copper itself in the tracer uptake. We have reviewed the evidence of using the copper radiopharmaceuticals [60/61/62/64Cu][Cu(ATSM)]/ionic copper salts for PET imaging of tumor hypoxia, their possible therapeutic applications, issues related to the metal-ligand dissociation mechanism, and possible explanations of copper trapping based on studies of the copper metabolism under hypoxia. Results We found that hypoxia selectivity of [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] has been clearly demonstrated in both preclinical and clinical studies. Preclinical therapeutic studies in mice have also demonstrated promising results, recently reporting significant tumor volume reductions and improved survival in a dose-dependent manner. Cu(II)-[Cu(ATSM)] appears to be accumulated in regions with substantially higher CD133+ expression, a marker for cancer stem cells. This, combined with the reported requirement of copper for activation of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), provides a possible explanation for the therapeutic effects of [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)]. Comparisons between [64Cu][Cu(ATSM)] and ionic Cu(II) salts have showed similar results in both imaging and therapeutic studies, supporting the argument for the central role of copper itself in the retention mechanism. Conclusions We found promising evidence of using copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals for both PET imaging and treatment of hypoxic tumors. The Cu(II)-[Cu(ATSM)] retention mechanism remains controversial and future mechanistic studies should be focused on understanding the role of copper itself in the hypoxic tumor metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengzhi Liu
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Karlsen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Maria Karlberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kathrine Røe Redalen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang Y, Fu Y, Li M, Jiang D, Kutyreff CJ, Engle JW, Lan X, Cai W, Chen T. Chirality-Driven Transportation and Oxidation Prevention by Chiral Selenium Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4406-4414. [PMID: 31876049 PMCID: PMC7123465 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of nanoparticles directly influences their transport and biological effects under physiological conditions, but the details of this phenomenon have rarely been explored. Herein, chiral GSH-anchored selenium nanoparticles (G@SeNPs) are fabricated to investigate the effect of their chirality on their transport and antioxidant activity. G@SeNPs modified with different enantiomers show opposite handedness with a tunable circular dichroism signal. Noninvasive positron emission tomography imaging clearly reveals that 64 Cu-labeled l-G@SeNPs experience distinctly different transport among the major organs from that of their d-and dl-counterparts, demonstrating that the chirality of the G@SeNPs influences the biodistribution and kinetics. Taking advantage of the strong homologous cell adhesion and uptake, l-G@SeNPs have been shown here to effectively prevent oxidation damage caused by palmitic acid in insulinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Room 643, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, U.S
| | - Yuanting Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Room 643, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, U.S
| | - Christopher J. Kutyreff
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, U.S
| | - Jonathan W. Engle
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, U.S
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2275, U.S
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Room 643, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang Y, Fu Y, Li M, Jiang D, Kutyreff CJ, Engle JW, Lan X, Cai W, Chen T. Chirality‐Driven Transportation and Oxidation Prevention by Chiral Selenium Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Huang
- Department of ChemistryJinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1111 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705-2275 USA
| | - Yuanting Fu
- Department of ChemistryJinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyHubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1111 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705-2275 USA
| | - Christopher J. Kutyreff
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1111 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705-2275 USA
| | - Jonathan W. Engle
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1111 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705-2275 USA
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyHubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Wuhan 430022 China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1111 Highland Avenue Madison WI 53705-2275 USA
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of ChemistryJinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Søborg Pedersen K, Baun C, Michaelsen Nielsen K, Thisgaard H, Ingemann Jensen A, Zhuravlev F. Design, Synthesis, Computational, and Preclinical Evaluation of natTi/ 45Ti-Labeled Urea-Based Glutamate PSMA Ligand. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051104. [PMID: 32131399 PMCID: PMC7179113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite promising anti-cancer properties in vitro, all titanium-based pharmaceuticals have failed in vivo. Likewise, no target-specific positron emission tomography (PET) tracer based on the radionuclide 45Ti has been developed, notwithstanding its excellent PET imaging properties. In this contribution, we present liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) in flow-based recovery and the purification of 45Ti, computer-aided design, and the synthesis of a salan-natTi/45Ti-chelidamic acid (CA)-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand containing the Glu-urea-Lys pharmacophore. The compound showed compromised serum stability, however, no visible PET signal from the PC3+ tumor was seen, while the ex vivo biodistribution measured the tumor accumulation at 1.1% ID/g. The in vivo instability was rationalized in terms of competitive citrate binding followed by Fe(III) transchelation. The strategy to improve the in vivo stability by implementing a unimolecular ligand design is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Søborg Pedersen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, Building 202, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (K.S.P.); (K.M.N.); (A.I.J.)
| | - Christina Baun
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Sønder Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; (C.B.); (H.T.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Karin Michaelsen Nielsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, Building 202, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (K.S.P.); (K.M.N.); (A.I.J.)
| | - Helge Thisgaard
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Sønder Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; (C.B.); (H.T.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ingemann Jensen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, Building 202, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (K.S.P.); (K.M.N.); (A.I.J.)
| | - Fedor Zhuravlev
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, Building 202, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; (K.S.P.); (K.M.N.); (A.I.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-4677-5337
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pupillo G, Mou L, Martini P, Pasquali M, Boschi A, Cicoria G, Duatti A, Haddad F, Esposito J. Production of 67Cu by enriched 70Zn targets: first measurements of formation cross sections of 67Cu, 64Cu, 67Ga, 66Ga, 69mZn and 65Zn in interactions of 70Zn with protons above 45 MeV. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite its insufficient availability, Copper-67 is currently attracting much attention for its enormous potential for cancer therapy as theranostic radionuclide. This work aims to accurately measure the unexplored cross section 70Zn(p,x)67Cu in the energy range 45–70 MeV and to evaluate its potential advantages in the case of high-intensity proton beams provided by compact cyclotrons. Thin target foils of enriched 70Zn were manufactured by lamination at the INFN-LNL and irradiated at the ARRONAX facility using the stacked-foils method. A radiochemical procedure for the separation of Cu, Ga and Zn contaminants and the isolation of 67Cu from the irradiated material was developed. The efficiency of the chemical processing was determined for each foil by monitoring the activity of selected tracer radionuclides (61Cu, 66Ga and 69mZn) through γ-spectrometry. Experimental data of the 70Zn(p,x)67Cu, 64Cu, 67Ga, 66Ga, 69mZn, 65Zn cross sections were measured for the first time in the energy range 45–70 MeV and compared with the theoretical results obtained by using the TALYS code. The 67Cu production yield by using enriched 70Zn thick targets was compared with the results obtained by using 68Zn targets in the same irradiation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pupillo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (INFN-LNL) , Viale dell’Università 2 , Legnaro (PD) , Italy
| | - Liliana Mou
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (INFN-LNL) , Viale dell’Università 2 , Legnaro (PD) , Italy
| | - Petra Martini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (INFN-LNL) , Viale dell’Università 2 , Legnaro (PD) , Italy
- Department of Morphology, Surgical and Experimental Medicine , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Micòl Pasquali
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (INFN-LNL) , Viale dell’Università 2 , Legnaro (PD) , Italy
- Department of Morphology, Surgical and Experimental Medicine , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Alessandra Boschi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | | | - Adriano Duatti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Férid Haddad
- GIP ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain and Laboratoire Subatech, IN2P3-CNRS, Ecole des Mines de Nantes , Université de Nantes , France
| | - Juan Esposito
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (INFN-LNL) , Viale dell’Università 2 , Legnaro (PD) , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang Y, Gambardella A, Üçüncü M, Geng J, Clavadetscher J, Bradley M, Lilienkampf A. Multifunctional, histidine-tagged polymers: antibody conjugation and signal amplification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13856-13859. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04591h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A polymer scaffold, with multiple reactive centres, was synthesised by RAFT polymerisation and conjugated to the antibody herceptin. A hexahistidine RAFT agent enabled simple purification of polymer–protein conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Zhang
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
| | | | - Muhammed Üçüncü
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Jin Geng
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
| | | | - Mark Bradley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Šaponjski J, Macut Đ, Šobić-Šaranović D. Radionuclide imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2020. [DOI: 10.5937/mp71-27009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are relatively rare and heterogeneous with a variaty of clinical expression. They derive from the sensory and secretory neuroendocrine cells mainly within the pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract. They comprise less than 2% of all malignancies. On the basis of clinical behavior, histology, and proliferation rate, they are devided into well differentiated (low grade to intermediate grade) and poorly differentiated (high grade) neuroendocrine carcinoma. Tumor stage and grade have the impact on treatment and prognosis. The treatment of choice is surgery. More than 50% of the patients present metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, thus the systemic treatment should be considered including somatostatin analogs, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). For the diagnosis and follow-up of these tumors, various radiological methods are used (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound) as well as endoscopy. Nuclear medicine methods are used in order to exploit their unique properties mainly amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation system characteristics, as well as the expression of somatostatin receptors. These methods enable whole body examination, staging, selection of patient for PRRT and treatment monitoring as well. Imaging can be performed with gamma camera (SPECT, SPECT/CT) or positron emission tomography (PET/ CT). Radiopharmaceuticals used for imaging with gamma camera are usually 99mTc-(V)-DMSA, 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-HYNIC TOC, 111In-pentetreotide and 131I-MIBG/123I-MIBG. Positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals has superior spatial resolution and faster imaging, such as 68Ga-DOTA-somatostatin analogues, 18F-FDG (particularly for high-grade tumors), 18F-L-DOPA/11C-L-DOPA and 11C-5-hydroxytryptophan that have demonstrated excellent imaging results. The new targeted agents present a challenge in the evaluation procedure of treatment and, therefore, new imaging techniques and an improvement of currently available techniques are mandatory. In this mini-review, the most frequent methods and radiopharmaceuticals are presented, as well as potential development.
Collapse
|