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Zhu C, Pan L, Zhou F, Mao R, Hong Y, Wan R, Li X, Jin L, Zou H, Zhang H, Chen QM, Li S. Urocortin2 attenuates diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction by regulating macrophage extracellular vesicles. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115976. [PMID: 38081372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic patients develop coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and exhibit high mortality of coronary artery disease. Methylglyoxal (MGO) largely accumulates in the circulation due to diabetes. We addressed whether macrophages exposed to MGO exhibited damaging effect on the coronary artery and whether urocortin2 (UCN2) serve as protecting factors against such diabetes-associated complication. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and a single low-dose streptozotocin in mice. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) derived from MGO-treated macrophages (MGO-sEV) were used to produce diabetes-like CMD. UCN2 was examined for a protective role against CMD. The involvement of arginase1 and IL-33 was tested by pharmacological inhibitor and IL-33-/- mice. MGO-sEV was capable of causing coronary artery endothelial dysfunction similar to that by diabetes. Immunocytochemistry studies of diabetic coronary arteries supported the transfer of arginase1 from macrophages to endothelial cells. Mechanism studies revealed arginase1 contributed to the impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary arteries in diabetic and MGO-sEV-treated mice. UCN2 significantly improved coronary artery endothelial function, and prevented MGO elevation in diabetic mice or enrichment of arginase1 in MGO-sEV. Diabetes caused a reduction of IL-33, which was also reversed by UCN2. IL-33-/- mice showed impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary arteries, which can be mitigated by arginase1 inhibition but can't be improved by UCN2 anymore, indicating the importance of restoring IL-33 for the protection against diabetic CMD by UCN2. Our data suggest that MGO-sEV induces CMD via shuttling arginase1 to coronary arteries. UCN2 is able to protect against diabetic CMD via modulating MGO-altered macrophage sEV cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Lihua Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Feier Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rongchen Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yali Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huayiyang Zou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin M Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Kovács DK, Farkas N, Soós A, Hegyi P, Kelava L, Eitmann S, Schekk A, Molnár Z, Erőss B, Balaskó M. Assessment of clinical data on urocortins and their therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:2461-2473. [PMID: 34378854 PMCID: PMC8604231 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular diseases present public health challenges. Although great progress was achieved in their treatment, there is continuous need for new therapies. Urocortins of the corticotropin neuropeptide family were reported to exert beneficial effects in animal models of HF and cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to assess the available clinical evidence on the potential role of urocortins in HF and other cardiovascular diseases. We explored MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Scopus databases. Twenty‐seven studies were included in the qualitative and 15 studies (2005 patients) in the quantitative syntheses. Available data allowed us to meta‐analyze the blood pressure (BP) lowering and heart rate (HR) increasing effects of urocortin 2 in HF with reduced ejection fraction. We applied meta‐regression to explore the association between left ventricular ejection fraction and serum urocortin 1 and urocortin 2 levels. Short‐term urocortin 2 infusion decreased mean arterial pressure in chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction (mean difference = −9.161 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −12.661 to −5.660 mmHg, p < 0.001). Such infusions increased HR mildly (mean difference = 5.629 beats/min, 95% CI 1.612 to 9.646 beats/min, p = 0.006). Although some studies reported increased urocortin 1 and urocortin 2 levels in HF with growing severity, our meta‐regressions failed to confirm associations between blood urocortin levels and left ventricular ejection fraction. Clinical evidence confirms short‐term BP lowering effects of urocortin 2, whereas individual studies report additional beneficial effects. Further clinical investigations are necessary to confirm the latter and the long‐term value of these peptides in cardiovascular diseases. Review protocol: CRD42020163203.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra K Kovács
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nelli Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Soós
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Translational Medicine, First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Translational Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leonardo Kelava
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szimonetta Eitmann
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anna Schekk
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bálint Erőss
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márta Balaskó
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Popov SV, Prokudina ES, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Naryzhnaya NV, Ma H, Zurmanova JM, der Ven PFMV, Maslov LN. Cardioprotective and Vasoprotective Effects of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Urocortins: Receptors and Signaling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:575-584. [PMID: 34351805 DOI: 10.1177/1074248420985301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent progress in research and therapy, cardiovascular diseases are still the most common cause of death worldwide, thus new approaches are still needed. The aim of this review is to highlight the cardioprotective potential of urocortins and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and their signaling. It has been documented that urocortins and CRH reduce ischemic and reperfusion (I/R) injury, prevent reperfusion ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, and improve cardiac contractility during reperfusion. Urocortin-induced increase in cardiac tolerance to I/R depends mainly on the activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-2 (CRHR2) and its downstream pathways including tyrosine kinase Src, protein kinase A and C (PKA, PKCε) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). It was discussed the possibility of the involvement of interleukin-6, Janus kinase-2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and microRNAs in the cardioprotective effect of urocortins. Additionally, phospholipase-A2 inhibition, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPT-pore) blockade and suppression of apoptosis are involved in urocortin-elicited cardioprotection. Chronic administration of urocortin-2 prevents the development of postinfarction cardiac remodeling. Urocortin possesses vasoprotective and vasodilator effect; the former is mediated by PKC activation and prevents an impairment of endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilation after I/R in the isolated heart, while the latter includes both cAMP and cGMP signaling and its downstream targets. As CRHR2 is expressed by both cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Urocortins mediate both endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of coronary arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Popov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, 164253Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Prokudina
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, 164253Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V Mukhomedzyanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, 164253Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Naryzhnaya
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, 164253Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, 12553Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jitka M Zurmanova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, 37740Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, 9374University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonid N Maslov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, 164253Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
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Wen S, Nguyen T, Gong M, Yuan X, Wang C, Jin J, Zhou L. An Overview of Similarities and Differences in Metabolic Actions and Effects of Central Nervous System Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) and Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT-2is). Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2955-2972. [PMID: 34234493 PMCID: PMC8254548 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s312527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are novel antidiabetic medications associated with considerable cardiovascular benefits therapying treatment of diabetic patients. GLP-1 exhibits atherosclerosis resistance, whereas SGLT-2i acts to ameliorate the neuroendocrine state in the patients with chronic heart failure. Despite their distinct modes of action, both factors share pathways by regulating the central nervous system (CNS). While numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that GLP-1 can access various nuclei associated with energy homeostasis and hedonic eating in the CNS via blood-brain barrier (BBB), research on the activity of SGLT-2is remains limited. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that both GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) liraglutide and exenatide, as well as an SGLT-2i, dapagliflozin, could activate various nuclei and pathways in the CNS of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Moreover, our results revealed similarities and differences in neural pathways, which possibly regulated different metabolic effects of GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i via sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in the CNS, such as feeding, blood glucose regulation and cardiovascular activities (arterial blood pressure and heart rate control). In the present article, we extensively discuss recent preclinical studies on the effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is on the CNS actions, with the aim of providing a theoretical explanation on their mechanism of action in improvement of the macro-cardiovascular risk and reducing incidence of diabetic complications. Overall, these findings are expected to guide future drug design approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Thiquynhnga Nguyen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoxun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianlan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ligang Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613611927616 Email
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Simpson SJS, Smith LIF, Jones PM, Bowe JE. UCN2: a new candidate influencing pancreatic β-cell adaptations in pregnancy. J Endocrinol 2020; 245:247-257. [PMID: 32106091 PMCID: PMC7159164 DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family of peptides, including urocortin (UCN) 1, 2 and 3, are established hypothalamic neuroendocrine peptides, regulating the physiological and behaviour responses to stress indirectly, via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. More recently, these peptides have been implicated in diverse roles in peripheral organs through direct signalling, including in placental and pancreatic islet physiology. CRH has been shown to stimulate insulin release through activation of its cognate receptors, CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1) and 2. However, the physiological significance of this is unknown. We have previously reported that during mouse pregnancy, expression of CRH peptides increase in mouse placenta suggesting that these peptides may play a role in various biological functions associated with pregnancy, particularly the pancreatic islet adaptations that occur in the pregnant state to compensate for the physiological increase in maternal insulin resistance. In the current study, we show that mouse pregnancy is associated with increased circulating levels of UCN2 and that when we pharmacologically block endogenous CRHR signalling in pregnant mice, impairment of glucose tolerance is observed. This effect on glucose tolerance was comparable to that displayed with specific CRHR2 blockade and not with specific CRHR1 blockade. No effects on insulin sensitivity or the proliferative capacity of β-cells were detected. Thus, CRHR2 signalling appears to be involved in β-cell adaptive responses to pregnancy in the mouse, with endogenous placental UCN2 being the likely signal mediating this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian J S Simpson
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to S J S Simpson:
| | - Lorna I F Smith
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - James E Bowe
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Schally AV, Zhang X, Cai R, Hare JM, Granata R, Bartoli M. Actions and Potential Therapeutic Applications of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Agonists. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1600-1612. [PMID: 31070727 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we briefly review the identification of GHRH, provide an abridged overview of GHRH antagonists, and focus on studies with GHRH agonists. Potent GHRH agonists of JI and MR class were synthesized and evaluated biologically. Besides the induction of the release of pituitary GH, GHRH analogs promote cell proliferation and exert stimulatory effects on various tissues, which express GHRH receptors (GHRH-Rs). A large body of work shows that GHRH agonists, such as MR-409, improve pancreatic β-cell proliferation and metabolic functions and facilitate engraftment of islets after transplantation in rodents. Accordingly, GHRH agonists offer a new therapeutic approach to treating diabetes. Various studies demonstrate that GHRH agonists promote repair of cardiac tissue, producing improvement of ejection fraction and reduction of infarct size in rats, reduction of infarct scar in swine, and attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy in mice, suggesting clinical applications. The presence of GHRH-Rs in ocular tissues and neuroprotective effects of GHRH analogs in experimental diabetic retinopathy indicates their possible therapeutic applications for eye diseases. Other effects of GHRH agonists, include acceleration of wound healing, activation of immune cells, and action on the central nervous system. As GHRH might function as a growth factor, we examined effects of GHRH agonists on tumors. In vitro, GHRH agonists stimulate growth of human cancer cells and upregulate GHRH-Rs. However, in vivo, GHRH agonists inhibit growth of human cancers xenografted into nude mice and downregulate pituitary and tumoral GHRH-Rs. Therapeutic applications of GHRH analogs are discussed. The development of GHRH analogs should lead to their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew V Schally
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Xianyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Riccarda Granata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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Goswami S. G protein-coupled receptor signaling in cardiovascular system: Specificity versus diversity. JOURNAL OF THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_37_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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