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Meka ST, Bojja SL, Kumar G, Birangal SR, Rao CM. Novel HDAC inhibitors provide neuroprotection in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model of rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 959:176067. [PMID: 37751833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the most rapidly growing neurological disorder globally in terms of disability and mortality. While symptomatic treatment is available for PD, there is a critical unmet need for effective disease-modifying therapies. Recently, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), an important class of epigenetic modulators grabbed significant attention as drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases including PD. In this regard, novel pan-HDACi, cinnamyl sulphonamide hydroxamate derivatives (NMJ-2 and NMJ-3), synthesized and characterized in our laboratory, were screened for neuroprotective effects in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) rat model of PD. Twenty-four hours after the bilateral intranigral injection of MPTP, rats were administered orally with NMJ-2 or NMJ-3 (150 mg/kg) daily for 30 days. MPTP administration resulted in a marked rise in lipid peroxidation, and interleukin-1β concentration accompanied by reduced tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine levels in the striatum compared to the sham group. These biochemical changes were associated with functional motor and non-motor deficits as revealed by loss of motor coordination (rota rod test), impaired grip strength (beam walk test), enhanced rigidity (catalepsy scores), loss of memory (novel object recognition test) and depressive-like behaviour (forced swim test). However, oral treatment with NMJ-2 or NMJ-3, or valproic acid for 30 days significantly attenuated the PD-induced adverse changes in motor and non-motor functions by ameliorating the oxidative stress as well as inflammation, and restoring the dopamine levels in the striatum comparable to the valproic acid group. These results suggest that targeting HDACi could be a rational therapeutic strategy for the development of disease-modifying therapies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Teja Meka
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sree Lalitha Bojja
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Department of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Sumit Raosaheb Birangal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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2
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Moon H, Kim B, Kwon I, Oh Y. Challenges involved in cell therapy for Parkinson's disease using human pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1288168. [PMID: 37886394 PMCID: PMC10598731 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1288168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a valuable tool for studying human neural development and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of hPSC-based cell therapy, involving the differentiation of hPSCs into target cells and their transplantation into affected regions, is of particular interest. One neurodegenerative disease that is being extensively studied for hPSC-based cell therapy is Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common among humans. Various research groups are focused on differentiating hPSCs into ventral midbrain dopaminergic (vmDA) progenitors, which have the potential to further differentiate into neurons closely resembling DA neurons found in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) after transplantation, providing a promising treatment option for PD. In vivo experiments, where hPSC-derived vmDA progenitor cells were transplanted into the striatum or SNpc of animal PD models, the transplanted cells demonstrated stable engraftment and resulted in behavioral recovery in the transplanted animals. Several differentiation protocols have been developed for this specific cell therapy. However, the lack of a reliable live-cell lineage identification method presents a significant obstacle in confirming the precise lineage of the differentiated cells intended for transplantation, as well as identifying potential contamination by non-vmDA progenitors. This deficiency increases the risk of adverse effects such as dyskinesias and tumorigenicity, highlighting the importance of addressing this issue before proceeding with transplantation. Ensuring the differentiation of hPSCs into the target cell lineage is a crucial step to guarantee precise therapeutic effects in cell therapy. To underscore the significance of lineage identification, this review focuses on the differentiation protocols of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors developed by various research groups for PD treatment. Moreover, in vivo experimental results following transplantation were carefully analyzed. The encouraging outcomes from these experiments demonstrate the potential efficacy and safety of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors for PD cell therapy. Additionally, the results of clinical trials involving the use of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors for PD treatment were briefly reviewed, shedding light on the progress and challenges faced in translating this promising therapy into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heechang Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokwang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbeom Kwon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Alkholifi FK, Devi S, Aldawsari MF, Foudah AI, Alqarni MH, Salkini MA, Sweilam SH. Effects of Tiliroside and Lisuride Co-Treatment on the PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway: Modulating Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in Parkinson's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2735. [PMID: 37893109 PMCID: PMC10604177 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers are actively exploring potential bioactive compounds to enhance the effectiveness of Lisuride (Lis) in treating Parkinson's disease (PD) over the long term, aiming to mitigate the serious side effects associated with its extended use. A recent study found that combining the dietary flavonoid Tiliroside (Til) with Lis has potential anti-Parkinson's benefits. The study showed significant improvements in PD symptoms induced by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) when Til and Lis were given together, based on various behavioral tests. This combined treatment significantly improved motor function and protected dopaminergic neurons in rats with PD induced by MPTP. It also activated important molecular pathways related to cell survival and apoptosis control, as indicated by the increased pAkt/Akt ratio. Til and Lis together increased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), decreased caspase 3 activity, and prevented brain cell decay. Co-administration also reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1 (IL-1). Antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and reduced glutathione significantly improved compared to the MPTP-induced control group. This study shows that using Til and Lis together effectively treats MPTP-induced PD in rats, yielding results comparable to an 8 mg/kg dose of levodopa, highlighting their potential as promising Parkinson's treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K. Alkholifi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sushma Devi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I. Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.F.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.F.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mohamad Ayman Salkini
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.F.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Sherouk Hussein Sweilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.F.); (M.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Egypt
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Guo X, Wu Y, Wang Q, Zhang J, Sheng X, Zheng L, Wang Y. Huperzine A injection ameliorates motor and cognitive abnormalities via regulating multiple pathways in a murine model of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175970. [PMID: 37549727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
As a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, the satisfied therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) are still unavailable. As a natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, the neuroprotective characteristic of Huperzine A (HupA) was supported by previous studies. However, questions remain on whether HupA injection (HAI, a main preparation of HupA) intervention conduces to PD treatment and if so, the potential molecular mechanisms. In this study, the efficacies of HAI treatment on PD-like pathological phenotypes were evaluated in a MPTP-induced PD murine model. The network pharmacology, transcriptome sequencing and experimental verification were integrated to comprehensively reveal the primary molecular mechanisms. Therapeutically, HAI intervention significantly improved the impaired locomotor behaviors as well as learning and memory abilities, and prevented the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of PD mice. The network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental results showed that HAI treatment could effectively restore the disordered transcriptional levels of inflammatory factors and apoptosis related genes in the SNpc and striatum tissues of PD mice. Transcriptome sequencing results found that inflammation and oxidative phosphorylation served as significant functional mechanisms involved in HAI administration. The experimental verification indicated that HAI treatment effectively regulated the abnormal transcription levels of inflammation and oxidative phosphorylation related hub genes in the hippocampal samples of PD mice. In addition, molecular docking suggested strong affinity between HupA and the above core targets. Overall, this work displayed the reliable therapeutic effects of HAI on ameliorating the pathological symptoms of PD mice via modulating multiple pathways. The current findings were expected to provide a potential anti-PD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Guo
- Developmental Neurobiology Laboratory, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchangxi Road, YiJiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yuhan Wu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Zhejiang University-Wepon Pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, 1899 Gudun Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Zhejiang University-Wepon Pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, 1899 Gudun Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Xueping Sheng
- Zhejiang University-Wepon Pharmaceutical Group Joint Research Center for Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang, 1899 Gudun Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Lanrong Zheng
- Developmental Neurobiology Laboratory, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchangxi Road, YiJiang District, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yule Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Senile Chronic Diseases, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Wyszogrodzka-Gaweł G, Shuklinova O, Lisowski B, Wiśniowska B, Polak S. 3D printing combined with biopredictive dissolution and PBPK/PD modeling optimization and personalization of pharmacotherapy: Are we there yet? Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103731. [PMID: 37541422 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine requires selecting the appropriate dosage regimen for a patient using the right drug, at the right time. Model-Informed Precision Dosing (MIPD) is a concept suggesting utilization of model-based prediction methods for optimizing the treatment benefit-harm balance, based on individual characteristics of the patient, disease, treatment method, and other factors. Here, we discuss a theoretical workflow comprising several elements, beginning from the physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) models, through 3D printed tablets with the model proposed dose, information range and flow, and the patient themselves. We also describe each of these elements, and the connection between them, highlighting challenges and potential obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Wyszogrodzka-Gaweł
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Olha Shuklinova
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartek Lisowski
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Barbara Wiśniowska
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Polak
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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Xu L, Hao LP, Yu J, Cheng SY, Li F, Ding SM, Zhang R. Curcumin protects against rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in mice by inhibiting microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16195. [PMID: 37234646 PMCID: PMC10208821 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Currently, treatment options can only relieve symptoms but cannot prevent, slow, or halt the neurodegenerative process of PD. Much evidence has suggested that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of PD. As an anti-inflammatory agent, curcumin may exert a neuroprotective effect on PD. However, its mechanism has yet to be demonstrated clearly. Our results indicated that curcumin alleviated rotenone-induced behavioral defects, dopamine neuron loss, and microglial activation. Besides, the NF-κB signaling pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-18 and IL-1β, contributed to the microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in PD. Furthermore, Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission causing mitochondrial dysfunction also had an etiological role in the process. This study suggests that curcumin protects against rotenone-induced PD by inhibiting microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Thus, curcumin may be a neuroprotective drug with promising prospects in PD.
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Arslan ME, Türkez H, Sevim Y, Selvitopi H, Kadi A, Öner S, Mardinoğlu A. Costunolide and Parthenolide Ameliorate MPP+ Induced Apoptosis in the Cellular Parkinson's Disease Model. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070992. [PMID: 37048065 PMCID: PMC10093699 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an enzyme that metabolizes several chemicals, including dopamine. MAO-B inhibitors are used in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD), and the inhibition of this enzyme reduces dopamine turnover and oxidative stress. The absence of dopamine results in PD pathogenesis originating from decreased Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and elevated oxidative stress. Here, we performed a molecular docking analysis for the potential use of costunolide and parthenolide terpenoids as potential MAO-B inhibitors in the treatment of PD. Neuroprotective properties of plant-originated costunolide and parthenolide terpenoids were investigated in a cellular PD model that was developed by using MPP+ toxicity. We investigated neuroprotection mechanisms through the analysis of oxidative stress parameters, acetylcholinesterase activity and apoptotic cell death ratios. Our results showed that 100 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL of costunolide, and 50 µg/mL of parthenolide applied to the cellular disease model ameliorated the cytotoxicity caused by MPP+ exposure. We found that acetylcholinesterase activity assays exhibited that terpenoids could ameliorate and restore the enzyme activity as in negative control levels. The oxidative stress parameter analyses revealed that terpenoid application could enhance antioxidant levels and decrease oxidative stress in the cultures. In conclusion, we reported that these two terpenoid molecules could be used in the development of efficient treatment strategies for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Türkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sevim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Harun Selvitopi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kadi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sena Öner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoğlu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Yao Y, Zhao Z, Zhang F, Miao N, Wang N, Xu X, Yang C. microRNA-221 rescues the loss of dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2921. [PMID: 36795044 PMCID: PMC10013949 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common systemic neurodegenerative diseases and is related to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Several studies verified that microRNA (miRNAs) targeting the Bim/Bax/caspase-3 signaling axis is involved in the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of miR-221 in PD. METHODS To examine the function of miR-221 in vivo, we used a well-established 6-OHDA-induced PD mouse model. Then we conducted adenovirus-mediated miR-221 overexpression in the PD mice. RESULTS Our results showed that miR-221 overexpression improved motor behavior of the PD mice. We demonstrated that overexpression of miR-221 reduced the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra striatum by promoting their antioxidative and antiapoptosis capacities. Mechanistically, miR-221 targets Bim, thus inhibiting Bim and Bax caspase-3 mediated apoptosis signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest miR-221 participates in the pathological process of PD and might be a potential drug target and provide new insight into PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Yao
- Department 7 of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCangzhou Normal UniversityCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Fubo Zhang
- Department 4 of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Na Miao
- Department 7 of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Nan Wang
- Department 4 of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Xin Xu
- Department 1 of Traditional Chinese MedicineCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
| | - Chaoping Yang
- Department 4 of NeurologyCangzhou Central HospitalCangzhouHebeiChina
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García-Beltrán O, Urrutia PJ, Núñez MT. On the Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Multifunctional Compounds for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020214. [PMID: 36829773 PMCID: PMC9952574 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron dyshomeostasis, increased oxidative damage and inflammation are pathognomonic features of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders characterized by abnormal iron accumulation. Moreover, the existence of positive feed-back loops between these pathological components, which accelerate, and sometimes make irreversible, the neurodegenerative process, is apparent. At present, the available treatments for PD aim to relieve the symptoms, thus improving quality of life, but no treatments to stop the progression of the disease are available. Recently, the use of multifunctional compounds with the capacity to attack several of the key components of neurodegenerative processes has been proposed as a strategy to slow down the progression of neurodegenerative processes. For the treatment of PD specifically, the necessary properties of new-generation drugs should include mitochondrial destination, the center of iron-reactive oxygen species interaction, iron chelation capacity to decrease iron-mediated oxidative damage, the capacity to quench free radicals to decrease the risk of ferroptotic neuronal death, the capacity to disrupt α-synuclein aggregates and the capacity to decrease inflammatory conditions. Desirable additional characteristics are dopaminergic neurons to lessen unwanted secondary effects during long-term treatment, and the inhibition of the MAO-B and COMPT activities to increase intraneuronal dopamine content. On the basis of the published evidence, in this work, we review the molecular basis underlying the pathological events associated with PD and the clinical trials that have used single-target drugs to stop the progress of the disease. We also review the current information on multifunctional compounds that may be used for the treatment of PD and discuss the chemical characteristics that underlie their functionality. As a projection, some of these compounds or modifications could be used to treat diseases that share common pathology features with PD, such as Friedreich's ataxia, Multiple sclerosis, Huntington disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730002, Colombia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Pamela J. Urrutia
- Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | - Marco T. Núñez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800024, Chile
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LUHMES Cells: Phenotype Refinement and Development of an MPP +-Based Test System for Screening Antiparkinsonian Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010733. [PMID: 36614176 PMCID: PMC9821222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The low effectiveness of symptomatic pharmacotherapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), which compensates for dopamine (DA) deficiency under degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, could apparently be improved with neuroprotective therapy, which slows down neurodegeneration and PD progression. For this, it is necessary to have a DAergic cell line for the development of a PD model to screen neuroprotectors. We used immortalized human embryonic mesencephalon LUHMES cells (LCs) differentiated into DAergic neurons. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of differentiated LCs and develop an 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-based test system for screening neuroprotectors. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunocytochemistry, it has been shown that all differentiated LCs express genes and synthesize proteins characteristic of all neurons (microtubule-associated protein 2, bIII-tubulin, synaptotagmin 1) and specifically of DAergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, DA transporter, vesicular monoamine transporter 2). Furthermore, LCs are able to produce a small amount of DA, but under special conditions. To assess the mechanisms of neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity under the influence of toxins and antiparkinsonian drugs, including neuroprotectors, we have developed an LCs-based MPP+ PD model and proposed an original panel of markers for testing functional and structural cell disorders.
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11
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Chavan N, Dharmaraj D, Sarap S, Surve C. Magnetic nanoparticles – A new era in nanotechnology. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Liu Y, Liu X, Ye Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, Lin S, Wang G, Yang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Wu N. Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate against Parkinson's Disease through Inhibiting Inflammation Induced by Gut Dysbiosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13676-13691. [PMID: 36226922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence for the importance of the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease (PD) has attracted researchers' interest in the possible application of microbiota-based treatment approaches. Using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model, we looked into the prospect of treating PD with fucosylated chondroitin sulfate obtained from sea cucumbers Isostichopus badionotus (fCS-Ib). We showed that giving fCS-Ib polysaccharide orally greatly reduced the motor deficits, dopamine depletion, and alpha-synuclein increase caused by MPTP in the substantia nigra (SN). It appears that the anti-PD action of fCS-Ib polysaccharide could be attained by squelching inflammation. Glial cell hyperactivation in SN and overproduction of proinflammatory substances in serum could both be suppressed by fCS-Ib polysaccharide injection. The bacterial DNA in fresh colonic feces was submitted to 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolic analyses to confirm the participation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the aforementioned interpretation. The findings showed that the MPTP treatment-induced decrease in norank_f_Muribaculaceae and the increase in Staphylococcus were reversed by the administration of fCS-Ib polysaccharide. The NF-κB signaling pathway was shown to be involved in the fCS-Ib polysaccharide-induced anti-inflammation. In conclusion, our research demonstrated for the first time how fCS-Ib polysaccharide combats PD by reducing inflammation caused by gut microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiantao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yida Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiafu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jichun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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13
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Bavi EP, Shakerinasab E, Hamidinezhad H, Nazifi E. A green and facile approach for fabrication of biocompatible anti-Parkinson chitosan-gelatin-green tea extract composite particles with neuroprotective and Neurotherapeutic effects: In vitro evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1183-1195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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The Encapsulation of Citicoline within Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Enhances Its Capability to Counteract the 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091827. [PMID: 36145575 PMCID: PMC9506317 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Backgrond: Considering the positive effects of citicoline (CIT) in the management of some neurodegenerative diseases, the aim of this work was to develop CIT-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (CIT-SLNs) for enhancing the therapeutic use of CIT in parkinsonian syndrome; (2) Methods: CIT-SLNs were prepared by the melt homogenization method using the self-emulsifying lipid Gelucire® 50/13 as lipid matrix. Solid-state features on CIT-SLNs were obtained with FT-IR, thermal analysis (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) studies. (3) Results: CIT-SLNs showed a mean diameter of 201 nm, −2.20 mV as zeta potential and a high percentage of entrapped CIT. DSC and XRPD analyses evidenced a greater amorphous state of CIT in CIT-SLNs. On confocal microscopy, fluorescent SLNs replacing unlabeled CIT-SLNs released the dye selectively in the cytoplasm. Biological evaluation showed that pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells with CIT-SLNs (50 µM) before the addition of 40 µM 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to mimic Parkinson’s disease’s degenerative pathways counteracts the cytotoxic effects induced by the neurotoxin, increasing cell viability with the consistent maintenance of both nuclear and cell morphology. In contrast, pre-treatment with CIT 50 and 60 µM or plain SLNs for 2 h followed by 6-OHDA (40 µM) did not significantly influence cell viability. (4) Conclusions: These data suggest an enhanced protection exerted by CIT-SLNs with respect to free CIT and prompt further investigation of possible molecular mechanisms that underlie this difference.
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Królicka E, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Łażewska D. Chalcones as Potential Ligands for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070847. [PMID: 35890146 PMCID: PMC9317344 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the increase in life expectancy, a significant increase of people suffering from neurodegenerative diseases (ND) has been noticed. The second most common ND, after Alzheimer’s disease, is Parkinson’s disease (PD), which manifests itself with a number of motor and non-motor symptoms that hinder the patient’s life. Current therapies can only alleviate those symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease, but not effectively cure it. So now, in addition to understanding the mechanism and causes of PD, it is also important to find a powerful way of treatment. It has been proved that in the etiology and course of PD, the essential roles are played by dopamine (DA) (an important neurotransmitter), enzymes regulating its level (e.g., COMT, MAO), and oxidative stress leading to neuroinflammation. Chalcones, due to their “simple” structure and valuable biological properties are considered as promising candidates for treatment of ND, also including PD. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of chalcones and related structures as potential new therapeutics for cure and prevention of PD. For this purpose, three databases (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched to collect articles published during the last 5 years (January 2018–February 2022). Chalcones have been described as promising enzyme inhibitors (MAO B, COMT, AChE), α-synuclein imaging probes, showing anti-neuroinflammatory activity (inhibition of iNOS or activation of Nrf2 signaling), as well as antagonists of adenosine A1 and/or A2A receptors. This review focused on the structure–activity relationships of these compounds to determine how a particular substituent or its position in the chalcone ring(s) (ring A and/or B) affects biological activity.
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Zięba A, Stępnicki P, Matosiuk D, Kaczor AA. What are the challenges with multi-targeted drug design for complex diseases? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:673-683. [PMID: 35549603 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2072827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current findings on multifactorial diseases with a complex pathomechanism confirm that multi-target drugs are more efficient ways in treating them as opposed to single-target drugs. However, to design multi-target ligands, a number of factors and challenges must be taken into account. AREAS COVERED In this perspective, we summarize the concept of application of multi-target drugs for the treatment of complex diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, schizophrenia, diabetes, and cancer. We discuss the aspects of target selection for multifunctional ligands and the application of in silico methods in their design and optimization. Furthermore, we highlight other challenges such as balancing affinities to different targets and drug-likeness of obtained compounds. Finally, we present success stories in the design of multi-target ligands for the treatment of common complex diseases. EXPERT OPINION Despite numerous challenges resulting from the design of multi-target ligands, these efforts are worth making. Appropriate target selection, activity balancing, and ligand drug-likeness belong to key aspects in the design of ligands acting on multiple targets. It should be emphasized that in silico methods, in particular inverse docking, pharmacophore modeling, machine learning methods and approaches derived from network pharmacology are valuable tools for the design of multi-target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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17
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Current Status of Fear of Disease Progression in Patients with Advanced Cancer and Usefulness of Dignity Therapy Intervention. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:6069060. [PMID: 35356618 PMCID: PMC8959966 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6069060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With changes in lifestyle and an increase in bad health habits, cancer has become a noncommunicable and frequently occurring disease that poses a serious threat to human life. Cancer is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As a major negative life event, advanced malignancies lead to strong mood swings in most patients. Furthermore, various internal and external factors can have a huge impact on patients' physical and mental health and put them in a stressful situation, causing a series of psychological stress responses. To explore the degree of fear of disease progression in patients with advanced cancer and the usefulness of dignity therapy. Overall, 120 patients with advanced malignant tumors admitted to Shijiazhuang No. 1 hospital between January 2019 and January 2020 were enrolled. The selected patients were divided into the test and control groups (60 people per group) using a random number table. All patients received basic treatment. Patients in the trial group also received dignity therapy. The intervention period was 4 weeks. Simplified scales were used for assessing disease progression (FoP-Q-SF) and quality of life (QLQ-C30) before and after the intervention, and the scores were compared between the groups. After the intervention, the degree of fear in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. Cognitive function, emotional function, and the scores of the overall health status of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group. Additionally, the scores of fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, and diarrhea in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The social support level scale scores, depression scores, hospital anxiety and depression scale scores, and patient dignity inventory scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Patients with advanced malignant tumors have fear, anxiety, and depression related to disease progression. Dignity therapy is useful for improving the patients' quality of life, increasing dignity, and enhancing social support.
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Rodríguez-Lavado J, Alarcón-Espósito J, Mallea M, Lorente A. A new paradigm shift in antidepressant therapy? From dual-action to multitarget-directed ligands. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4896-4922. [PMID: 35301942 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220317121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder is a chronic, recurring, and potentially fatal disease affecting up to 20% of the global population. Since the monoamine hypothesis was proposed more than 60 years ago, only a few relevant advances have been achieved, with very little disease course changing, from a pharmacological perspective. Moreover, since negative efficacy studies with novel molecules are frequent, many pharmaceutical companies have put new studies on hold. Fortunately, relevant clinical studies are currently being performed, and extensive striving is being developed by universities, research centers, and other public and private institutions. Depression is no longer considered a simple disease but a multifactorial one. New research fields are emerging in what could be a paradigm shift: the multitarget approach beyond monoamines. In this review, we summarize the present and the past of antidepressant drug discovery, with the aim to shed some light on the current state of the art in clinical and preclinical advances to face this increasingly devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jazmín Alarcón-Espósito
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Mallea
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Lorente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Morales P, Muller C, Jagerovic N, Reggio PH. Targeting CB2 and TRPV1: Computational Approaches for the Identification of Dual Modulators. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:841190. [PMID: 35281260 PMCID: PMC8914543 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.841190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both metabotropic (CBRs) and ionotropic cannabinoid receptors (ICRs) have implications in a range of neurological disorders. The metabotropic canonical CBRs CB1 and CB2 are highly implicated in these pathological events. However, selective targeting at CB2 versus CB1 offers optimized pharmacology due to the absence of psychoactive outcomes. The ICR transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) has also been reported to play a role in CNS disorders. Thus, activation of both targets, CB2 and TRPV1, offers a promising polypharmacological strategy for the treatment of neurological events including analgesia and neuroprotection. This brief research report aims to identify chemotypes with a potential dual CB2/TRPV1 profile. For this purpose, we have rationalized key structural features for activation and performed virtual screening at both targets using curated chemical libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chanté Muller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Nadine Jagerovic
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia H. Reggio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
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20
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Prajapati R, Seong SH, Park SE, Paudel P, Jung HA, Choi JS. Isoliquiritigenin, a potent human monoamine oxidase inhibitor, modulates dopamine D 1, D 3, and vasopressin V 1A receptors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23528. [PMID: 34876600 PMCID: PMC8651714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (= 4,2′,4′-Trihydroxychalcone) (ILG) is a major constituent of the Glycyrrhizae Rhizoma that has significant neuroprotective functions. In the present study, we re-examined the potential of ILG to inhibit human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) in vitro and established its mechanism of inhibition through a kinetics study and molecular docking examination. ILG showed competitive inhibition of hMAO-A and mixed inhibition of hMAO-B with IC50 values of 0.68 and 0.33 µM, respectively, which varied slightly from the reported IC50 values. Since ILG has been reported to reduce dopaminergic neurodegeneration and psychostimulant-induced toxicity (both of which are related to dopamine and vasopressin receptors), we investigated the binding affinity and modulatory functions of ILG on dopamine and vasopressin receptors. ILG was explored as an antagonist of the D1 receptor and an agonist of the D3 and V1A receptors with good potency. An in silico docking investigation revealed that ILG can interact with active site residues at target receptors with low binding energies. These activities of ILG on hMAO and brain receptors suggest the potential role of the compound to ameliorate dopaminergic deficits, depression, anxiety, and associated symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and other neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Prajapati
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Division of Natural Products Research, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource, Mokpo, 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Pradeep Paudel
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.,National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Nozal V, García‐Rubia A, Cuevas EP, Pérez C, Tosat‐Bitrián C, Bartolomé F, Carro E, Ramírez D, Palomo V, Martínez A. From Kinase Inhibitors to Multitarget Ligands as Powerful Drug Leads for Alzheimer's Disease using Protein-Templated Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19344-19354. [PMID: 34169618 PMCID: PMC8457121 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multitarget directed ligands (MTDLs) are arising as promising tools to tackle complex diseases. The main goal of this work is to create powerful modulating agents for neurodegenerative disorders. To achieve this aim, we have combined fragments that inhibit key protein kinases involved in the main pathomolecular pathways of Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as tau aggregation, neuroinflammation and decreased neurogenesis, whilst looking for a third action in beta-secretase (BACE1), responsible of β-amyloid production. We obtained well-balanced MTDLs with in vitro activity in three different relevant targets and efficacy in two cellular models of AD. Furthermore, computational studies confirmed how these compounds accommodate adequately into the long and rather narrow BACE1 catalytic site. Finally, we employed in situ click chemistry using BACE1 as protein template as a versatile synthetic tool that allowed us to obtain further MTDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Nozal
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
| | - Alfonso García‐Rubia
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos III28031MadridSpain
| | - Eva P. Cuevas
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica-CSIC)Juan de la Cierva 328006MadridSpain
| | - Carlota Tosat‐Bitrián
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
| | - Fernando Bartolomé
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12)Group of Neurodegenerative DiseasesJuan de la Cierva 328006MadridSpain
| | - Eva Carro
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12)Group of Neurodegenerative DiseasesJuan de la Cierva 328006MadridSpain
| | - David Ramírez
- Instituto de Ciencias BiomédicasUniversidad Autónoma de ChileLlano Subercaseaux2801—piso 6SantiagoChile
| | - Valle Palomo
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos III28031MadridSpain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Structural and Chemical Biology DepartmentCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSICRamiro de Maeztu 928040MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos III28031MadridSpain
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22
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Nozal V, García‐Rubia A, Cuevas EP, Pérez C, Tosat‐Bitrián C, Bartolomé F, Carro E, Ramírez D, Palomo V, Martínez A. From Kinase Inhibitors to Multitarget Ligands as Powerful Drug Leads for Alzheimer's Disease using Protein‐Templated Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Nozal
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Alfonso García‐Rubia
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos III 28031 Madrid Spain
| | - Eva P. Cuevas
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica-CSIC) Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Carlota Tosat‐Bitrián
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Bartolomé
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12) Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12) Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - David Ramírez
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidad Autónoma de Chile Llano Subercaseaux 2801—piso 6 Santiago Chile
| | - Valle Palomo
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos III 28031 Madrid Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos III 28031 Madrid Spain
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Current Therapies in Clinical Trials of Parkinson's Disease: A 2021 Update. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080717. [PMID: 34451813 PMCID: PMC8398928 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that currently has no cure, but treatments are available to improve PD symptoms and maintain quality of life. In 2020, about 10 million people worldwide were living with PD. In 1970, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the drug levodopa as a dopamine replacement to manage PD motor symptoms; levodopa-carbidopa combination became commercialized in 1975. After over 50 years of use, levodopa is still the gold standard for PD treatment. Unfortunately, levodopa therapy-induced dyskinesia and OFF symptoms remain unresolved. Therefore, we urgently need to analyze each current clinical trial's status and therapeutic strategy to discover new therapeutic approaches for PD treatment. We surveyed 293 registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov from 2008 to 16 June 2021. After excluded levodopa/carbidopa derivative add-on therapies, we identified 47 trials as PD treatment drugs or therapies. Among them, 19 trials are in phase I (41%), 25 trials are in phase II (53%), and 3 trials are in phase III (6%). The three phase-III trials use embryonic dopamine cell implant, 5-HT1A receptor agonist (sarizotan), and adenosine A2A receptor antagonist (caffeine). The therapeutic strategy of each trial shows 29, 5, 1, 5, 5, and 2 trials use small molecules, monoclonal antibodies, plasma therapy, cell therapy, gene therapy, and herbal extract, respectively. Additionally, we discuss the most potent drug or therapy among these trials. By systematically updating the current trial status and analyzing the therapeutic strategies, we hope this review can provide new ideas and insights for PD therapy development.
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Jayanti S, Moretti R, Tiribelli C, Gazzin S. Bilirubin: A Promising Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6223. [PMID: 34207581 PMCID: PMC8228391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) as the most common movement disorder is expected to rise. Despite the incredibly huge efforts in research to find the definitive biomarker, to date, the diagnosis of PD still relies mainly upon clinical symptoms. A wide range of treatments is available for PD, mainly alleviating the clinical symptoms. However, none of these current therapies can stop or even slow down the disease evolution. Hence, disease-modifying treatment is still a paramount unmet medical need. On the other side, bilirubin and its enzymatic machinery and precursors have offered potential benefits by targeting multiple mechanisms in chronic diseases, including PD. Nevertheless, only limited discussions are available in the context of neurological conditions, particularly in PD. Therefore, in this review, we profoundly discuss this topic to understand bilirubin's therapeutical potential in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Jayanti
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.T.); (S.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Molecular Biomedicine Ph.D. Program, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita Moretti
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34139 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (C.T.); (S.G.)
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Gonçalves PB, Sodero ACR, Cordeiro Y. Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) Targeting Protein Misfolding in Drug Discovery for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:767. [PMID: 34065606 PMCID: PMC8160836 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) of the major bioactive compound of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is well documented. Numerous findings now suggest that EGCG targets protein misfolding and aggregation, a common cause and pathological mechanism in many NDs. Several studies have shown that EGCG interacts with misfolded proteins such as amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ), linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and α-synuclein, linked to Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, NDs constitute a serious public health problem, causing a financial burden for health care systems worldwide. Although current treatments provide symptomatic relief, they do not stop or even slow the progression of these devastating disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective drugs for these incurable ailments. It is expected that targeting protein misfolding can serve as a therapeutic strategy for many NDs since protein misfolding is a common cause of neurodegeneration. In this context, EGCG may offer great potential opportunities in drug discovery for NDs. Therefore, this review critically discusses the role of EGCG in NDs drug discovery and provides updated information on the scientific evidence that EGCG can potentially be used to treat many of these fatal brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Brazil; (P.B.G.); (A.C.R.S.)
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26
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Kalash L, Winfield I, Safitri D, Bermudez M, Carvalho S, Glen R, Ladds G, Bender A. Structure-based identification of dual ligands at the A 2AR and PDE10A with anti-proliferative effects in lung cancer cell-lines. J Cheminform 2021; 13:17. [PMID: 33658076 PMCID: PMC7927403 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-021-00492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced/prolonged cAMP signalling has been suggested as a suppressor of cancer proliferation. Interestingly, two key modulators that elevate cAMP, the A2A receptor (A2AR) and phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A), are differentially co-expressed in various types of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) cell-lines. Thus, finding dual-target compounds, which are simultaneously agonists at the A2AR whilst also inhibiting PDE10A, could be a novel anti-proliferative approach. Using ligand- and structure-based modelling combined with MD simulations (which identified Val84 displacement as a novel conformational descriptor of A2AR activation), a series of known PDE10A inhibitors were shown to dock to the orthosteric site of the A2AR. Subsequent in-vitro analysis confirmed that these compounds bind to the A2AR and exhibit dual-activity at both the A2AR and PDE10A. Furthermore, many of the compounds exhibited promising anti-proliferative effects upon NSCLC cell-lines, which directly correlated with the expression of both PDE10A and the A2AR. Thus, we propose a structure-based methodology, which has been validated in in-vitro binding and functional assays, and demonstrated a promising therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Kalash
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB21EW, Cambridge, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, Stevenage, UK
| | - Ian Winfield
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB21EW, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1PD, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dewi Safitri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1PD, Cambridge, UK
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, 40132, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Marcel Bermudez
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB21EW, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2 und 4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1PD, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Glen
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB21EW, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Graham Ladds
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1PD, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB21EW, Cambridge, UK.
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27
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Alimohammadi E, Nikzad A, Khedri M, Rezaian M, Jahromi AM, Rezaei N, Maleki R. Potential treatment of Parkinson's disease using new-generation carbon nanotubes: a biomolecular in silico study. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:189-204. [PMID: 33502255 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the underlying mechanisms of Parkinson's disease is the aggregation of α-synuclein proteins, including amyloids and Lewy bodies in the brain. Aim: To study the inhibitory effect of doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on amyloid aggregation. Materials & methods: Molecular dynamics tools were utilized to simulate the influence of CNTs doped with phosphorus, nitrogen and bromine and nitrogen on the formation of α-synuclein amyloid. Results: The CNTs exhibited strong interactions with α-synuclein, with phosphorus-doped CNTs having the most substantial interactions. Conclusion: Doped-CNTs, especially phosphorus-doped carbon nanotube could effectively prevent α-synuclein amyloid formation, thus, it could be considered as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease. However, further in vitro and clinical investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Alimohammadi
- Neurosurgery Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arash Nikzad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khedri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran 1591634311, Iran
| | - Milad Rezaian
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839 63113, Iran
| | - Ahmad Miri Jahromi
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran 1591634311, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Maleki
- Computational Biology & Chemistry Group (CBCG), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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28
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The protective effect of Lavandula officinalis extract on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in PC12 cells. Eur J Integr Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Liver says no: the ongoing search for safe catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors to replace tolcapone. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1846-1854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Insight into potent leads for alzheimer's disease by using several artificial intelligence algorithms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110360. [PMID: 32559623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several proteins including S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), complement Factor D, complement 3b (C3b) and Protein Kinase R-like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK), have been demonstrated to be involved in pathogenesis pathways for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and considered as potential treatment targets to AD. Based on the concept of multitargets, a network pharmacology-based approach was employed to investigate potential Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) candidates that can dock well with GSNOR, C3b, Factor D and PERK proteins. To predict the bioactivities of candidates, Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms composed of seven machine learning algorithms and a deep learning model were performed to validate the docking results. Furthermore, in this study, we propose a novel combined method for efficiently exploring the predicted results of AI algorithms. Besides, Comparative force field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were performed to construct predicted models. The results show that the square correlation coefficients (R2) of all models are almost higher than 0.75, which also acquire good achievements on the test set. Moreover, the binding stability of the potential inhibitors were evaluated using 100 ns of MD simulation. Collectively, this study elucidate that the herbs Ardisia japonica, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Lippia nodiflora and Mirabilis jalapa containing 2,2'-[benzene-1,4-diylbis(methanediyloxybenzene-4,1-diyl)]bis(oxoacetic acid), Glyasperin B, Nodifloridin A, Miraxanthin III and l-Valine-l-valine anhydride might be a potential medicine formula for AD.
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31
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C. Gonçalves V, J. L. L. Pinheiro D, de la Rosa T, G. de Almeida AC, A. Scorza F, A. Scorza C. Propolis as A Potential Disease-Modifying Strategy in Parkinson's Disease: Cardioprotective and Neuroprotective Effects in the 6-OHDA Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1551. [PMID: 32466610 PMCID: PMC7352297 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) manifest nonmotor and motor symptoms. Autonomic cardiovascular dysregulation is a common nonmotor manifestation associated with increased morbimortality. Conventional clinical treatment alleviates motor signs but does not change disease progression and fails in handling nonmotor features. Nutrition is a key modifiable determinant of chronic disease. This study aimed to assess the effects of propolis on cardiological features, heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and on nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage, detected by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD. Male Wistar rats were injected bilaterally with 6-OHDA or saline into the striatum and were treated with propolis or water for 40 days. Autonomic function was assessed by time domain parameters (standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal RR intervals (RMSSD)) of HRV calculated from electrocardiogram recordings. Reductions in HR (p = 1.47×10-19), SDNN (p = 3.42×10-10) and RMSSD (p = 8.2×10-6) detected in parkinsonian rats were reverted by propolis. Propolis attenuated neuronal loss in the substantia nigra (p = 5.66×10-15) and reduced striatal fiber degeneration (p = 7.4×10-5) in 6-OHDA-injured rats, which also showed significant weight gain (p = 1.07×10-5) in comparison to 6-OHDA-lesioned counterparts. Propolis confers cardioprotection and neuroprotection in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C. Gonçalves
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Daniel J. L. L. Pinheiro
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Tomás de la Rosa
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Antônio-Carlos G. de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociências Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Minas Gerais 36301-160, Brazil;
| | - Fúlvio A. Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Carla A. Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (D.J.L.L.P.); (T.d.l.R.); (F.A.S.)
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32
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Ettcheto M, Busquets O, Sánchez-Lopez E, Cano A, Manzine PR, Verdaguer E, Olloquequi J, Auladell C, Folch J, Camins A. The preclinical discovery and development of opicapone for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:993-1004. [PMID: 32450711 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1767580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opicapone (OPC) is a well-established catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) associated with L-DOPA/L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DDI) therapy allowing for prolonged activity due to a more continuous supply of L-DOPA in the brain. Thus, OPC decreases fluctuation in L-DOPA plasma levels and favors more constant central dopaminergic receptor stimulation, thus improving PD symptomatology. AREAS COVERED This review evaluates the preclinical development, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety profile of OPC. Data was extracted from published preclinical and clinical studies published on PUBMED and SCOPUS (Search period: 2000-2019). Clinical and post-marketing data are also evaluated. EXPERT OPINION OPC is a third generation COMT inhibitor with a novel structure. It has an efficacy and tolerability superior to its predecessors, tolcapone (TOL) and entacapone (ENT). It also provides a safe and simplified drug regimen that allows neurologists to individually adjust the existing daily administration of L-DOPA. OPC is indicated as an adjunctive therapy to L-DOPA/DDI in patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations who cannot be stabilized on those combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Ettcheto
- Departament of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira i Virgili , Reus, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira i Virgili , Reus, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-Lopez
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia R Manzine
- Departament of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (Ufscar) , São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Talca, Chile
| | - Carme Auladell
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira i Virgili , Reus, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) , Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Talca, Chile
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Recent advances in dopaminergic strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:471-482. [PMID: 32112042 PMCID: PMC7471472 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease worldwide. However, there is no available therapy reversing the neurodegenerative process of PD. Based on the loss of dopamine or dopaminergic dysfunction in PD patients, most of the current therapies focus on symptomatic relief to improve patient quality of life. As dopamine replacement treatment remains the most effective symptomatic pharmacotherapy for PD, herein we provide an overview of the current pharmacotherapies, summarize the clinical development status of novel dopaminergic agents, and highlight the challenge and opportunity of emerging preclinical dopaminergic approaches aimed at managing the features and progression of PD.
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Emerging novel approaches to drug research and diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:439-441. [PMID: 32203079 PMCID: PMC7471400 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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