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Liu Y, Zhou Z, Sun S. Prospects of marine-derived compounds as potential therapeutic agents for glioma. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:513-526. [PMID: 38864445 PMCID: PMC11172260 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2359659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Glioma, the most common primary malignant brain tumour, is a grave health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Current treatments, while effective to some extent, are often hindered by factors such as the blood-brain barrier and tumour microenvironment. This underscores the pressing need for exploring new pharmacologically active anti-glioma compounds. METHODS This review synthesizes information from major databases, including Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Springer Link and relevant books. Publications were selected without date restrictions, using terms such as 'Hymenocrater spp.,' 'phytochemical,' 'pharmacological,' 'extract,' 'essential oil' and 'traditional uses.' General web searches using Google and Yahoo were also performed. Articles related to agriculture, ecology, synthetic work or published in languages other than English or Chinese were excluded. RESULTS The marine environment has been identified as a rich source of diverse natural products with potent antitumour properties. CONCLUSIONS This paper not only provides a comprehensive review of marine-derived compounds but also unveils their potential in treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) based on functional classifications. It encapsulates the latest research progress on the regulatory biological functions and mechanisms of these marine substances in GBM, offering invaluable insights for the development of new glioma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shusen Sun
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
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Sun T, Liu B, Cai L, Zhou Y, Yang W, Li Y. Suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA), a HDAC inhibitor, suppresses the effect of Treg cells by targeting the c-Myc/CCL1 pathway in glioma stem cells and improves PD-L1 blockade therapy. J Neurooncol 2024; 168:457-471. [PMID: 38652401 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) represents the major barrier responsible for the failure of current immunotherapy approaches in treating Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Within the TME, the regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert immunosuppressive effects on CD8+ T cell - mediated anti-cancer immune killing. Consequently, targeting and inhibiting their immunosuppressive function emerges as an effective therapeutic strategy for GBM. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms and effects of Suberanilohydroxamic Acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on immunosuppressive Tregs. METHODS The tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the immunocompetent GBM intracranial implanted xenograft mouse model were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry techniques. The mRNA expressions were assessed through the RT-qPCR method, while the related protein expressions were determined using western blot, ELISA, immunofluorescence (IF), and flow cytometry techniques. The relationship between c-Myc and C-C motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CCL1) promotor was validated through a dual-luciferase reporter assay system and chromatin immunoprecipitation. RESULTS SAHA suppressed effectively tumor growth and extended significantly overall survival in the immunocompetent GBM intracranial xenograft mouse model. Additionally, it promoted the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes while suppressed the infiltration of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs. Furthermore, SAHA enhanced anti-PD-L1 immune therapy in the intracranial xenograft of mice. Mechanistically, SAHA exerted its effects by inhibiting histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), thereby suppressing the binding between c-Myc and the CCL1 promotor. CONCLUSION SAHA inhibited the binding of c-Myc with the CCL1 promoter and then suppressed the transcription of CCL1.Additionally, it effectively blocked the interplay of CCL1-CCR8, resulting in reduced activity of Tregs and alleviation of tumor immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- The Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- The Department of Neurosurgery at Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Lize Cai
- The Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Youxin Zhou
- The Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine at, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yanyan Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wang Y, Wang B, Cao W, Xu X. PTX3 activates POSTN and promotes the progression of glioblastoma via the MAPK/ERK signalling axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149665. [PMID: 38359612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrinsic brain tumours such as glioblastoma (GBM) are believed to develop from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells. GBM accounts for approximately half of gliomas. GBM has a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is overexpressed in GBM, but the potential mechanism is unclear. METHODS Glioblastoma data from the TCGA and CGGA databases were used to analyse PTX3 expression. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to verify the effect of PTX3 silencing in glioma cells on EMT like process and GSC maintenance. The JASPAR database was used to predict the downstream genes of PTX3. POSTN is a novel target gene of PTX3 in gliomas, and this finding was validated using a luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blotting and KEGG enrichment analysis were used to predict the downstream pathway of POSTN, and it was found that the MAPK/ERK pathway might be related to the function of POSTN. RESULTS GBM tissues have higher levels of PTX3 expression than normal brain tissues (NBTs). In functional tests, PTX3 promoted the EMT like process of GBM cells while maintaining the stem cell characteristics of GBM stem cells and enhancing their self-renewal. Moreover, we performed a dual luciferase reporter experiment to confirm that PTX3 binds to the POSTN promoter region. In addition, the expression of key proteins in the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway was increased after PTX3 overexpression. CONCLUSION POSTN is a direct target of PTX3 that promotes GBM growth via the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenping Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiupeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang M, Ding Y, Gao M, Lu X, Tan J, Yu F, Gu C, Gu L, Ren X, Hao C, Ming L, Xu K, Mao W, Jin Y, Zhang M, You L, Wang Z, Sun Y, Jiang J, Yang Y, Zhang D, Tang X. Discovery of Novel N-(Anthracen-9-ylmethyl) Benzamide Derivatives as ZNF207 Inhibitors Promising in Treating Glioma. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3909-3934. [PMID: 38377560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Targeting tumor stemness is an innovative approach to cancer treatment. Zinc Finger Protein 207 (ZNF207) is a promising target for weakening the stemness of glioma cells. Here, a series of novel N-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl) benzamide derivatives against ZNF207 were rationally designed and synthesized. The inhibitory activity was evaluated, and their structure-activity relationships were summarized. Among them, C16 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity, as evidenced by its IC50 values ranging from 0.5-2.5 μM for inhibiting sphere formation and 0.5-15 μM for cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we found that C16 could hinder tumorigenesis and migration and promote apoptosis in vitro. These effects were attributed to the downregulation of stem-related genes. The in vivo evaluation demonstrated that C16 exhibited efficient permeability across the blood-brain barrier and potent efficacy in both subcutaneous and orthotopic glioma tumor models. Hence, C16 may serve as a potential lead compound targeting ZNF207 and has promising therapeutic potential for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Yushi Ding
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Mengkang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Jun Tan
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Congying Gu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Lujun Gu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Xiameng Ren
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Chenyan Hao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Liqin Ming
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Kang Xu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Wenhao Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Yuqing Jin
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Linjun You
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Zhanbo Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Shuangyun BioMed Sci & Tech (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China 215000
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Shuangyun BioMed Sci & Tech (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China 215000
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China 221004
| | - Dayong Zhang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
| | - Xinying Tang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 211112
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Onciul R, Brehar FM, Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA, Glavan LA, Bratu BG, Costin HP, Dumitrascu DI, Serban M, Ciurea AV. Deciphering Glioblastoma: Fundamental and Novel Insights into the Biology and Therapeutic Strategies of Gliomas. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2402-2443. [PMID: 38534769 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, we accentuate critical developments in understanding tumor behavior, focusing on recent research breakthroughs in treatment responses and the elucidation of cellular signaling pathways. Analyzing the most novel transcriptomic studies, we investigate the variations in gene expression patterns in glioma cells, assessing the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these genetic alterations. Furthermore, the role of epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of gliomas is underscored, suggesting that such changes are fundamental to tumor evolution and possible therapeutic advancements. In the end, this comparative oncological analysis situates GBM within the wider context of neoplasms, delineating both distinct and shared characteristics with other types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Onciul
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felix-Mircea Brehar
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital "Bagdasar-Arseni", 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Petre Costin
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David-Ioan Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Matei Serban
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania
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6
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Zhang N, Wu P, Mu M, Niu C, Hu S. Exosomal circZNF800 Derived from Glioma Stem-like Cells Regulates Glioblastoma Tumorigenicity via the PIEZO1/Akt Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04002-0. [PMID: 38324181 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes play a crucial role in regulating crosstalk between tumor and tumor stem-like cells through their cargo molecules. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been demonstrated to be critical factors in tumorigenesis. This study focuses on the molecular mechanism by which circRNAs from glioma stem-like cell (GSLC) exosomes regulate glioblastoma (GBM) tumorigenicity. In this study, we validated that GSLC exosomes accelerated the malignant phenotype of GBM. Subsequently, we found that circZNF800 was highly expressed in GSLC exosomes and was negatively associated with GBM patients. CircZNF800 promoted GBM cell proliferation and migration and inhibited GBM cell apoptosis in vitro. Silencing circZNF800 could improve the GBM xenograft model survival rate. Mechanistic studies revealed that circZNF800 activated the PIEZO1/Akt signaling pathway by sponging miR-139-5p. CircZNF800 derived from GSLC exosomes promoted GBM cell tumorigenicity and predicted poor prognosis in GBM patients. CircZNF800 has the potential to serve as a promising target for further therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoshi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Stereotactic Neurosurgical Institute, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgical Disease, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Stereotactic Neurosurgical Institute, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgical Disease, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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Behrooz AB, Cordani M, Fiore A, Donadelli M, Gordon JW, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. The obesity-autophagy-cancer axis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:24-44. [PMID: 38309540 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-degradative process vital for cellular homeostasis, plays a significant role in adipose tissue metabolism and tumorigenesis. This review aims to elucidate the complex interplay between autophagy, obesity, and cancer development, with a specific emphasis on how obesity-driven changes affect the regulation of autophagy and subsequent implications for cancer risk. The burgeoning epidemic of obesity underscores the relevance of this research, particularly given the established links between obesity, autophagy, and various cancers. Our exploration delves into hormonal influence, notably INS (insulin) and LEP (leptin), on obesity and autophagy interactions. Further, we draw attention to the latest findings on molecular factors linking obesity to cancer, including hormonal changes, altered metabolism, and secretory autophagy. We posit that targeting autophagy modulation may offer a potent therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancer, pointing to promising advancements in nanocarrier-based targeted therapies for autophagy modulation. However, we also recognize the challenges inherent to these approaches, particularly concerning their precision, control, and the dual roles autophagy can play in cancer. Future research directions include identifying novel biomarkers, refining targeted therapies, and harmonizing these approaches with precision medicine principles, thereby contributing to a more personalized, effective treatment paradigm for obesity-mediated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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8
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Luo D, Li S, Guo J, Yue H, Shi L, Liu R, Wang J, Shi X. The role and mechanism of AZD5363 anti-leukemia activity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176268. [PMID: 38096965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous hematologic malignancy. Chemotherapy resistance and refractory relapses are the most important challenges in T-ALL. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been implicated in regulating cell survival, T-ALL development and resistance to chemotherapy. We explored the effects of AZD5363 (a potent pan-Akt inhibitor) alone and in combination with autophagy inhibitor hydroxycholoroquine sulfate (HCQ) in cultured CCRF-CEM, Jurkat and PF382 cells and a T-ALL xenograft mouse model. METHODS A xenograft mouse model was used to investigate the effect of AZD5363 on T-ALL progression. MTT assay, flow cytometry, siRNA, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting were performed in cultured CCRF-CEM, Jurkat and PF382 cells. The interaction between AZD5363 and HCQ was explored by molecular docking. RESULTS AZD5363 delayed T-ALL progression and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II in mice. AZD5363 decreased cells viability by arresting cell cycle in the G1 phase and inducing apoptosis, and, significantly increased the number of autophagosomes (p < 0.01). The increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II, and phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR were significantly, inhibited by AZD5363. HCQ blocked AZD5363-induced autophagy and enhanced AZD5363-induced cell death (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AZD5363 suppressed T-ALL progression and its anti-leukemia activity was enhanced by HCQ in T-ALL cells, which might provide a potential therapeutic strategy for human T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shen Li
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Huixuan Yue
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lixiao Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
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9
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Bhutada I, Khambati F, Cheng SY, Tiek DM, Duckett D, Lawrence H, Vogelbaum MA, Mo Q, Chellappan SP, Padmanabhan J. CDK7 and CDK9 inhibition interferes with transcription, translation, and stemness, and induces cytotoxicity in GBM irrespective of temozolomide sensitivity. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:70-84. [PMID: 37551745 PMCID: PMC10768977 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is refractory to current treatment modalities while side effects of treatments result in neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment. Here we test the hypothesis that inhibiting CDK7 or CDK9 would effectively combat GBM with reduced neurotoxicity. METHODS We examined the effect of a CDK7 inhibitor, THZ1, and multiple CDK9 inhibitors (SNS032, AZD4573, NVP2, and JSH150) on GBM cell lines, patient-derived temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant and responsive primary tumor cells and glioma stem cells (GSCs). Biochemical changes were assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence, multispectral imaging, and RT-PCR. In vivo, efficacy was assessed in orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft models. RESULTS CDK7 and CDK9 inhibitors suppressed the viability of TMZ-responsive and resistant GBM cells and GSCs at low nanomolar concentrations, with limited cytotoxic effects in vivo. The inhibitors abrogated RNA Pol II and p70S6K phosphorylation and nascent protein synthesis. Furthermore, the self-renewal of GSCs was significantly reduced with a corresponding reduction in Sox2 and Sox9 levels. Analysis of TCGA data showed increased expression of CDK7, CDK9, SOX2, SOX9, and RPS6KB1 in GBM; supporting this, multispectral imaging of a TMA revealed increased levels of CDK9, Sox2, Sox9, phospho-S6, and phospho-p70S6K in GBM compared to normal brains. RNA-Seq results suggested that inhibitors suppressed tumor-promoting genes while inducing tumor-suppressive genes. Furthermore, the studies conducted on subcutaneous and orthotopic GBM tumor xenograft models showed that administration of CDK9 inhibitors markedly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CDK7 and CDK9 targeted therapies may be effective against TMZ-sensitive and resistant GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Bhutada
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fatema Khambati
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken and Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deanna M Tiek
- The Ken and Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Derek Duckett
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Harshani Lawrence
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Vogelbaum
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Neuro-Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Srikumar P Chellappan
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jaya Padmanabhan
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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10
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Qu L, Liu SJ, Zhang L, Liu JF, Zhou YJ, Zeng PH, Jing QC, Yin WJ. The Role of m6A-Mediated DNA Damage Repair in Tumor Development and Chemoradiotherapy Resistance. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241247170. [PMID: 38662732 PMCID: PMC11047261 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241247170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the post-transcriptional modifications, m6A RNA methylation has gained significant research interest due to its critical role in regulating transcriptional expression. This modification affects RNA metabolism in several ways, including processing, nuclear export, translation, and decay, making it one of the most abundant transcriptional modifications and a crucial regulator of gene expression. The dysregulation of m6A RNA methylation-related proteins in many tumors has been shown to lead to the upregulation of oncoprotein expression, tumor initiation, proliferation, cancer cell progression, and metastasis.Although the impact of m6A RNA methylation on cancer cell growth and proliferation has been extensively studied, its role in DNA repair processes, which are crucial to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, remains unclear. However, recent studies have shown accumulating evidence that m6A RNA methylation significantly affects DNA repair processes and may play a role in cancer drug resistance. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review is necessary to explore the potential biological role of m6A-modified DNA repair processes in human cancer and cancer drug resistance.In conclusion, m6A RNA methylation is a crucial regulator of gene expression and a potential player in cancer development and drug resistance. Its dysregulation in many tumors leads to the upregulation of oncoprotein expression and tumor progression. Furthermore, the impact of m6A RNA methylation on DNA repair processes, although unclear, may play a crucial role in cancer drug resistance. Therefore, further studies are warranted to better understand the potential biological role of m6A-modified DNA repair processes in human cancer and cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hunan Province Clinical Research Center for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of High-incidence Sexually Transmitted Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Si jian Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hunan Province Clinical Research Center for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of High-incidence Sexually Transmitted Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Feng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Jie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hunan Province Clinical Research Center for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of High-incidence Sexually Transmitted Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Hui Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hunan Province Clinical Research Center for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of High-incidence Sexually Transmitted Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Cheng Jing
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Jun Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical school, University of South China, Changsha, China
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11
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Zhu M, Fan H, Deng J, Jiang K, Liao J, Zhang X, Chen Y, Yu M, Peng Z. BMI1 Silencing Liposomes Suppress Postradiotherapy Cancer Stemness against Radioresistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23405-23421. [PMID: 37988576 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy causes DNA damage by direct ionization and indirect generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby destroying cancer cells. However, ionizing radiation (IR) unexpectedly elicits metastasis and invasion of cancer cells by inducing cancer stem cells' (CSCs) properties. As BMI1 is a crucial gene that causes radioresistance and an unfavorable prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), BMI1 inhibitor PTC-209 has been encapsulated in a ROS-responsive liposome (LP(PTC-209)) to be temporally and spatially delivered to radioresistant HCC tissue. The ROS generated during IR was not only considered to directly cause tumor cell death but also be used as a stimulator to trigger ROS-responsive drug release from LP(PTC-209). The PTC-209 released into resistant HCC tissue under radiotherapy further led to cancer stem cell (CSC) differentiation and then recovered radiosensitivity of HCC tumor. The suppression of the radioresistant performance of LP(PTC-209) has been proved on radiosensitive and radioresistant Hepa1-6 CSC tumor models, respectively. Our study clarified the relationship between radiotherapy and cancer stemness and provided insights to achieve complete suppression of radioresistant HCC tumor by inhibiting cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haonan Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Junlin Deng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Junbin Liao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhenwei Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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12
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Li H, Liu J, Qin X, Sun J, Liu Y, Jin F. Function of Long Noncoding RNAs in Glioma Progression and Treatment Based on the Wnt/β-Catenin and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3929-3942. [PMID: 37747595 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are a deadly primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with glioblastoma (GBM) representing the most aggressive type. The clinical prognosis of GBM patients remains bleak despite the availability of multiple options for therapy, which has needed us to explore new therapeutic methods to face the rapid progression, short survival, and therapy resistance of glioblastomas. As the Human Genome Project advances, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians in cancer research. Numerous studies have found aberrant expression of signaling pathways in glioma cells. For example, lncRNAs not only play an integral role in the drug resistance process by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin or PI3K/Akt signaling but are also involved in a variety of malignant biological behaviors such as glioma proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor apoptosis. Therefore, the present review systematically assesses the existing research evidence on the malignant progression and drug resistance of glioma, focusing on the critical role and potential function of lncRNAs in the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt classical pathways to promote and encourage further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyun Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jilan Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China
| | - Xianyun Qin
- Department of Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272029, Shandong, China
| | - Jikui Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272013, China.
| | - Feng Jin
- The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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13
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Zeng J, Zeng XX. Systems Medicine for Precise Targeting of Glioblastoma. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1565-1584. [PMID: 36859639 PMCID: PMC9977103 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant cancer that is fatal even after standard therapy and the effects of current available therapeutics are not promising due its complex and evolving epigenetic and genetic profile. The mysteries that lead to GBM intratumoral heterogeneity and subtype transitions are not entirely clear. Systems medicine is an approach to view the patient in a whole picture integrating systems biology and synthetic biology along with computational techniques. Since the GBM oncogenesis involves genetic mutations, various therapies including gene therapeutics based on CRISPR-Cas technique, MicroRNAs, and implanted synthetic cells endowed with synthetic circuits against GBM with neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells acting as potential vehicles carrying therapeutics via the intranasal route, avoiding the risks of invasive methods in order to reach the GBM cells in the brain are discussed and proposed in this review. Systems medicine approach is a rather novel strategy, and since the GBM of a patient is complex and unique, thus to devise an individualized treatment strategy to tailor personalized multimodal treatments for the individual patient taking into account the phenotype of the GBM, the unique body health profile of the patient and individual responses according to the systems medicine concept might show potential to achieve optimum effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- Benjoe Institute of Systems Bio-Engineering, High Technology Park, Xinbei District, Changzhou, 213022 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xue Zeng
- Department of Health Management, Centre of General Practice, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 28, Desheng Road Section, Liguan Road, Lishui Town, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528000 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
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14
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Fu J, Liang H, Yuan P, Wei Z, Zhong P. Brain pericyte biology: from physiopathological mechanisms to potential therapeutic applications in ischemic stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1267785. [PMID: 37780206 PMCID: PMC10536258 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1267785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericytes play an indispensable role in various organs and biological processes, such as promoting angiogenesis, regulating microvascular blood flow, and participating in immune responses. Therefore, in this review, we will first introduce the discovery and development of pericytes, identification methods and functional characteristics, then focus on brain pericytes, on the one hand, to summarize the functions of brain pericytes under physiological conditions, mainly discussing from the aspects of stem cell characteristics, contractile characteristics and paracrine characteristics; on the other hand, to summarize the role of brain pericytes under pathological conditions, mainly taking ischemic stroke as an example. Finally, we will discuss and analyze the application and development of pericytes as therapeutic targets, providing the research basis and direction for future microvascular diseases, especially ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Wei
- Department of Neurology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
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15
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Hu X, Xie J, Yang Y, Qiu Z, Lu W, Lin X, Xu B. Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12329. [PMID: 37569705 PMCID: PMC10418641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors have been proved challenging to treat. Here we established a Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) therapeutic cocktail to achieve effective and safe treatment of brain malignancies by targeting the important hallmarks in brain cancers: poor cell differentiation and compromised cell cycle. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments confirmed the significant therapeutic effect of our MTND therapy. Significantly improved therapeutic effects over current first-line chemo-drugs have been identified in clinical cells, with great inhibition of the growth and migration of tumor cells. Further in-vivo experiments confirmed that sustained MTND treatment showed a 73% reduction of the tumor area. MTND also induced strong expression of phenotypes associated with cell cycle exit/arrest and rapid neural reprograming from clinical glioma cells to glutamatergic and GABAergic expressing cells, which are two key neuronal types involved in many human brain functions, including learning and memory. Collectively, MTND induced multi-targeted genotypic expression changes to achieve direct neural conversion of glioma cells and controlled the cell cycle/tumorigenesis development, helping control tumor cells' malignant proliferation and making it possible to treat brain malignant tumors effectively and safely. These encouraging results open avenues to developing new therapies for brain malignancies beyond cytotoxic agents, providing more effective medication recommendations with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jingdun Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Yilin Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ziyi Qiu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
| | - Weicheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Xudong Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Bingzhe Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
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16
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Hu T, Xuan R, Han E, Cai L, Xia Z. SPOPL induces tumorigenicity and stemness in glioma stem cells by activating Notch signaling. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:157-170. [PMID: 37523046 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have increasingly shown that glioma stem cells (GSCs) are extremely important for developing and treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The Broad-complex, Tram-track, and Bric-a-brac protein family is functionally related to a variety of tumor stem cells, and the role of SPOPL as a member of this family in GSCs deserves to be investigated. METHODS To investigate the expression of SPOPL in GSCs and its impact on the prognosis of GBM patients by using clinical specimens, patient-derived primary GSCs and public databases. In vivo and in vitro, the effect of SPOPL on the proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation ability of GSCs was explored. Probing the mechanism by which SPOPL affects the biological function of GSCs using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and rescue experiments. RESULTS The expression of SPOPL was significantly upregulated in GSCs and GBM, and patients with high SPOPL expression had a poorer prognosis. SPOPL enhanced the proliferation and self-renewal ability of GSCs and enhanced the tumorigenicity of GSCs. The Notch signaling pathway was significantly inhibited in SPOPL knockdown GSCs. Activation or inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway rescued changes in the biological function of GSCs caused by altered SPOPL expression. CONCLUSION SPOPL can be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for GBM in clinical work and promotes the proliferation and stemness of GSCs by activating the Notch signaling pathway, which may be a potential molecule for targeting GSCs to treat GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoheng Xuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erqiao Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingshan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Hu J, Zhang G, Wang Y, Xu K, Chen L, Luo G, Xu J, Li H, Pei D, Zhao X, Guo Z, Li X, Zong S, Jiang Y, Jing Z. CircGNB1 facilitates the malignant phenotype of GSCs by regulating miR-515-5p/miR-582-3p-XPR1 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:132. [PMID: 37407973 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been verified to mediate diverse biological behaviors in various human cancers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore a novel circRNA termed circGNB1 and elucidate relative molecular mechanism in functional phenotypes, which might be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic approach for glioma. CircGNB1 was upregulated in glioma and closely associated with the low poor prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that circGNB1 overexpression promoted glioma stem cells (GSCs) viability proliferation, invasion, and neurosphere formation. Mechanistically, circGNB1 upregulated the expression of oncogene XPR1 via sponging miR-515-5p and miR-582-3p. The following experiments proved XPR1 could promote the malignant phenotype of GSCs via upregulating IL6 expression and activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Moreover, the RNA binding protein IGF2BP3 could bind to and maintain the stability of circGNB1, thus promoting the effects of circGNB1 on GSCs. Our study reveals that circGNB1 plays a crucial role in promoting tumorigenesis and malignant progression in glioma, which provides a promising cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Luo
- Liaoning Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 240 Shayang Road, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinkun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Pei
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengting Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengliang Zong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhitao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Barzegar Behrooz A, Latifi-Navid H, da Silva Rosa SC, Swiat M, Wiechec E, Vitorino C, Vitorino R, Jamalpoor Z, Ghavami S. Integrating Multi-Omics Analysis for Enhanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Glioblastoma: A Comprehensive Data-Driven Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3158. [PMID: 37370767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma (GBM), which has poor overall survival (OS). There is a high relapse rate among patients with GBM despite maximally safe surgery, radiation therapy, temozolomide (TMZ), and aggressive treatment. Hence, there is an urgent and unmet clinical need for new approaches to managing GBM. The current study identified modules (MYC, EGFR, PIK3CA, SUZ12, and SPRK2) involved in GBM disease through the NeDRex plugin. Furthermore, hub genes were identified in a comprehensive interaction network containing 7560 proteins related to GBM disease and 3860 proteins associated with signaling pathways involved in GBM. By integrating the results of the analyses mentioned above and again performing centrality analysis, eleven key genes involved in GBM disease were identified. ProteomicsDB and Gliovis databases were used for determining the gene expression in normal and tumor brain tissue. The NetworkAnalyst and the mGWAS-Explorer tools identified miRNAs, SNPs, and metabolites associated with these 11 genes. Moreover, a literature review of recent studies revealed other lists of metabolites related to GBM disease. The enrichment analysis of identified genes, miRNAs, and metabolites associated with GBM disease was performed using ExpressAnalyst, miEAA, and MetaboAnalyst tools. Further investigation of metabolite roles in GBM was performed using pathway, joint pathway, and network analyses. The results of this study allowed us to identify 11 genes (UBC, HDAC1, CTNNB1, TRIM28, CSNK2A1, RBBP4, TP53, APP, DAB1, PINK1, and RELN), five miRNAs (hsa-mir-221-3p, hsa-mir-30a-5p, hsa-mir-15a-5p, hsa-mir-130a-3p, and hsa-let-7b-5p), six metabolites (HDL, N6-acetyl-L-lysine, cholesterol, formate, N, N-dimethylglycine/xylose, and X2. piperidinone) and 15 distinct signaling pathways that play an indispensable role in GBM disease development. The identified top genes, miRNAs, and metabolite signatures can be targeted to establish early diagnostic methods and plan personalized GBM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 14977-16316, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Maciej Swiat
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Coimbra Chemistry Coimbra, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- UnIC, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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19
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Kundu M, Das S, Nandi S, Dhara D, Mandal M. Magnolol and Temozolomide exhibit a synergistic anti-glioma activity through MGMT inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166782. [PMID: 37286145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the leading chemotherapeutic agent used for glioma therapy due to its good oral absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, its anti-glioma efficacy may be limited due to its adverse effects and resistance development. O6-Methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), an enzyme associated with TMZ resistance, is activated via the NF-κB pathway, which is found to be upregulated in glioma. TMZ also upregulates NF-κB signaling like many other alkylating agents. Magnolol (MGN), a natural anti-cancer agent, has been reported to inhibit NF-κB signaling in multiple myeloma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. MGN has already shown promising results in anti-glioma therapy. However, the synergistic action of TMZ and MGN has not been explored. Therefore, we investigated the effect of TMZ and MGN treatment in glioma and observed their synergistic pro-apoptotic action in both in vitro and in vivo glioma models. To explore the mechanism of this synergistic action, we found that MGN inhibits MGMT enzyme both in vitro and in vivo glioma. Next, we established the link between NF-κB signaling and MGN-induced MGMT inhibition in glioma. MGN inhibits the phosphorylation of p65, a subunit of NF-κB, and its nuclear translocation to block NF-κB pathway activation in glioma. MGN-induced NF-κB inhibition results in the transcriptional inhibition of MGMT in glioma. TMZ and MGN combinatorial treatment also impedes p65 nuclear translocation to inhibit MGMT in glioma. We observed a similar effect of TMZ and MGN treatment in the rodent glioma model. Thus, we concluded that MGN potentiates TMZ-induced apoptosis in glioma by inhibiting NF-κB pathway-mediated MGMT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kundu
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Suvendu Nandi
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Dibakar Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
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20
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Behrooz AB, Latifi-Navid H, Nezhadi A, Świat M, Los M, Jamalpoor Z, Ghavami S. Molecular mechanisms of microRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119482. [PMID: 37146725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is human's most prevalent and severe brain cancer. Epigenetic regulators, micro(mi)RNAs, significantly impact cellular health and disease because of their wide range of targets and functions. The "epigenetic symphony" in which miRNAs perform is responsible for orchestrating the transcription of genetic information. The discovery of regulatory miRNA activities in GBM biology has shown that various miRNAs play a vital role in disease onset and development. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the current state-of-the-art and latest findings regarding the interactions between miRNAs and molecular mechanisms commonly associated with GBM pathogenesis. Moreover, by literature review and reconstruction of the GBM gene regulatory network, we uncovered the connection between miRNAs and critical signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, invasion, and cell death, which provides promising hints for identifying potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM. In addition, the role of miRNAs in GBM patient survival was investigated. The present review, which contains new analyses of the previous literature, may lead to new avenues to explore in the future for the development of multitargeted miRNA-based therapies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Nezhadi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maciej Świat
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Los
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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21
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Alizadeh J, Kavoosi M, Singh N, Lorzadeh S, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Mraiche F, Mowat MR, Ghavami S. Regulation of Autophagy via Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082195. [PMID: 37190124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are an important component of tumor cell progression. Tumor cells adapt to environmental stresses via changes to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Autophagy, a physiological process in mammalian cells that digests damaged organelles and misfolded proteins via lysosomal degradation, is closely associated with metabolism in mammalian cells, acting as a meter of cellular ATP levels. In this review, we discuss the changes in glycolytic and lipid biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells and their impact on carcinogenesis via the autophagy pathway. In addition, we discuss the impact of these metabolic pathways on autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Navjit Singh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael R Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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22
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Li J, Song C, Gu J, Li C, Zang W, Shi L, Chen L, Zhu L, Zhou M, Wang T, Li H, Qi S, Lu Y. RBBP4 regulates the expression of the Mre11-Rad50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and promotes DNA double-strand break repair to mediate glioblastoma chemoradiotherapy resistance. Cancer Lett 2023; 557:216078. [PMID: 36736531 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
For treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT) exert antitumor effects by inducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), mainly via futile DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and inducing apoptosis. Here, we provide evidence that RBBP4 modulates glioblastoma resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by recruiting transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that bind to their promoters to regulate the expression of the Mre11-Rad50-NBS1(MRN) complex and the level of DNA-DSB repair, which are closely associated with recovery from TMZ- and radiotherapy-induced DNA damage in U87MG and LN229 glioblastoma cells, which have negative MGMT expression. Disruption of RBBP4 induced GBM cell DNA damage and apoptosis in response to TMZ and radiotherapy and enhanced radiotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity by the independent pathway of MGMT. These results displayed a possible chemo-radioresistant mechanism in MGMT negative GBM. In addition, the RBBP4-MRN complex regulation axis may provide an interesting target for developing therapy-sensitizing strategies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Junwei Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The First People's Hospital of Xiushui County, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chiyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenrui Zang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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Zhang G, Xu X, Zhu L, Li S, Chen R, Lv N, Li Z, Wang J, Li Q, Zhou W, Yang P, Liu J. A Novel Molecular Classification Method for Glioblastoma Based on Tumor Cell Differentiation Trajectories. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2826815. [PMID: 37964983 PMCID: PMC10643041 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2826815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest 2021 WHO classification redefines glioblastoma (GBM) as the hierarchical reporting standard by eliminating glioblastoma, IDH-mutant and only retaining the tumor entity of "glioblastoma, IDH-wild type." Knowing that subclassification of tumors based on molecular features is supposed to facilitate the therapeutic choice and increase the response rate in cancer patients, it is necessary to carry out molecular classification of the newly defined GBM. Although differentiation trajectory inference based on single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data holds great promise for identifying cell heterogeneity, it has not been used in the study of GBM molecular classification. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing data from 10 GBM samples were used to identify molecular classification based on differentiation trajectories. The expressions of identified features were validated by public bulk RNA-sequencing data. Clinical feasibility of the classification system was examined in tissue samples by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and immunofluorescence, and their clinical significance was investigated in public cohorts and clinical samples with complete clinical follow-up information. By analyzing scRNA-seq data of 10 GBM samples, four differentiation trajectories from the glioblastoma stem cell-like (GSCL) cluster were identified, based on which malignant cells were classified into five characteristic subclusters. Each cluster exhibited different potential drug sensitivities, pathways, functions, and transcriptional modules. The classification model was further examined in TCGA and CGGA datasets. According to the different abundance of five characteristic cell clusters, the patients were classified into five groups which we named Ac-G, Class-G, Neo-G, Opc-G, and Undiff-G groups. It was found that the Undiff-G group exhibited the worst overall survival (OS) in both TCGA and CGGA cohorts. In addition, the classification model was verified by IHC staining in 137 GBM samples to further clarify the difference in OS between the five groups. Furthermore, the novel biomarkers of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) were also described. In summary, we identified five classifications of GBM and found that they exhibited distinct drug sensitivities and different prognoses, suggesting that the new grouping system may be able to provide important prognostic information and have certain guiding significance for the treatment of GBM, and identified the GSCL cluster in GBM tissues and described its characteristic program, which may help develop new potential therapeutic targets for GSCs in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Luojiang Zhu
- Neurosurgery Department, 922th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rundong Chen
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nan Lv
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zifu Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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24
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Li X, Chen G, Liu B, Tao Z, Wu Y, Zhang K, Feng Z, Huang Y, Wang H. PLK1 inhibition promotes apoptosis and DNA damage in glioma stem cells by regulating the nuclear translocation of YBX1. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:68. [PMID: 36805592 PMCID: PMC9938146 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are the important cause of tumorigenesis, recurrence, and chemo(radio)resistance in glioma. Targeting GSCs helps improve the outcomes of glioma treatment. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family, which is highly conserved. In recent years, it has been suggested that increased levels of PLK1 and its activity are associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. We aimed to identify whether PLK1 plays a critical role in stemness maintenance and apoptosis regulation in GSCs. Here we identify that PLK1 inhibition can induce apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs, we have also delineat the possible underlying molecular mechanisms: PLK1 interacts with YBX1 and directly phosphorylates serine 174 and serine 176 of YBX1. Inhibition of PLK1 reduces the phosphorylation level of YBX1, and decreased phosphorylation of YBX1 prevents its nuclear translocation, thereby inducing apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs. We confirmed that YBX1 knockdown resulted in the apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs. These findings uncover that PLK1 inhibition induces cell apoptosis and DNA damage in GSCs through YBX1 phosphorylation, providing new insights into the mechanism by which PLK1 inhibition contributes to the apoptosis of and DNA damage in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Li
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Liu
- grid.469564.cDepartment of Neurosurgery, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007 China
| | - Zhennan Tao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Kai Zhang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Zibin Feng
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yulun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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EZH2 interacts with HP1BP3 to epigenetically activate WNT7B that promotes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2023; 42:461-470. [PMID: 36517590 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults and harbors a subpopulation of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), a histone lysine methyltransferase, deeply involves in the stemness maintenance of GSC. However, the precise mechanism and therapeutic potential remain elusive. We postulated that the interactome of EZH2 in GSC is unique. Therefore, we performed proteomic and transcriptomic research to unveil the oncogenic mechanism of EZH2. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to identify proteins that co-precipitate with EZH2. We show that EZH2 binds to heterochromatin protein 1 binding protein 3 (HP1BP3) in GSCs and impairs the methylation of H3K9. Overexpression of HP1BP3 enhances the proliferation, self-renewal and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of GBM cells. Furthermore, EZH2 and HP1BP3 co-activate WNT7B expression thereby increasing TMZ resistance and stemness of GBM cells. Importantly, inhibition of WNT7B autocrine via LGK974 effectively reverses the TMZ resistance. Our work clarifies a new oncogenic mechanism of EZH2 by which it interacts with HP1BP3 and epigenetically activates WNT7B thereby promoting TMZ resistance in GSCs. Our results provide a rationale for targeting WNT/β-catenin pathway as a promising strategy to overcome TMZ resistance in GSCs.
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26
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Yang DY, Cheng X, Bu XY, Yan ZY, Qu MQ, Zhao YW, Kong LF, Wang YW, Luo JC. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor enhances efficacy of nimustine rendezvousing with temozolomide plus irradiation in patients with glioblastoma. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:635-645. [PMID: 36314174 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most common and most aggressive type of primary brain tumor. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of intranasal granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) administration combined with chemoradiotherapy in patients with glioblastoma who underwent surgery. METHODS Ninety-two patients were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (n= 46), who received radiotherapy with adjuvant local delivery of nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) and systemic administration of temozolomide, and an intervention group (n= 46), who received intranasal GM-CSF prior to each cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to the treatment of the control group. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse effects were calculated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the intervention group had longer PFS (7.8 vs. 6.9 months, P= 0.016) and OS (19.2 vs. 17.1 months, P= 0.045, without adjustment for interim analyses). The KPS scores were also higher in the intervention group than in the control group after 6 months (84.35 ± 8.86 vs. 80.65 ± 7.72; t= 4.552, P= 0.036). Furthermore, the patients in the intervention group had lower incidence of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (8.7% vs. 29.5%, P= 0.012; 8.7% vs. 18.2%, P= 0.186). Other adverse events were similar in both groups, and most adverse events were grade I/II and resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSION Intranasal GM-CSF enhances the efficacy of the local ACNU administration combined with oral temozolomide chemotherapy. The survival and performance status were significantly improved in patients with glioblastoma after surgery. Additionally, the GM-CSF therapy was able to reduce the occurrence of chemotherapy-related neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- Rehabilitation Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xing-Yao Bu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhao-Yue Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ming-Qi Qu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue-Wu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ling-Fei Kong
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao-Wei Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Chao Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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27
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Transcription factor YY1 mediates self-renewal of glioblastoma stem cells through regulation of the SENP1/METTL3/MYC axis. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 30:683-693. [PMID: 36575317 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a primary brain tumor with limited treatment approaches and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are manifested with the self-renewal capability and high tumorigenic capacity. This study was performed to investigate the regulatory effect of the SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1)/methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3)/MYC axis on the self-renewal of GSCs mediated by transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1). Following bioinformatics analysis and clinical and cellular experiments, we found that YY1 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cells, while silencing its expression reduced the self-renewal ability of GSCs. Functionally, YY1 promoted the transcriptional expression of SENP1 by binding to the promoter region of SENP1, while the deSUMOase SENP1 facilitated the methylase activity of m6A through deSUMOylation of the methylase METTL3, thereby promoting the m6A modification of MYC mRNA via METL3 and promoting the expression of MYC. A nude mouse xenograft model of GBM was also constructed to examine the tumorigenicity of GSCs. The obtained findings demonstrated that YY1 promoted tumorigenicity of GSCs by promoting the expression of MYC in vivo. Conclusively, YY1 can transcriptionally upregulate the SUMOylase SENP1 and enhance the methylase activity of METTL3, resulting in the increased m6A modification level of MYC mRNA, thereby promoting the self-renewal of GSCs.
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28
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Montella L, Cuomo M, Del Gaudio N, Buonaiuto M, Costabile D, Visconti R, Di Risi T, Vinciguerra R, Trio F, Ferraro S, Bove G, Facchini G, Altucci L, Chiariotti L, Della Monica R. Epigenetic alterations in glioblastomas: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic relevance. Int J Cancer 2022. [PMID: 36479695 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common and heterogeneous tumor affecting brain parenchyma, is dismally characterized by a very poor prognosis. Thus, the search of new, more effective treatments is a vital need. Here, we will review the druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas that are, indeed, currently explored in preclinical studies and in clinical trials for the development of more effective, personalized treatments. In detail, we will review the studies that have led to the identification of epigenetic signatures, IDH mutations, MGMT gene methylation, histone modification alterations, H3K27 mutations and epitranscriptome landscapes of glioblastomas, in each case discussing the corresponding targeted therapies and their potential efficacy. Finally, we will emphasize how recent technological improvements permit to routinely investigate many glioblastoma epigenetic biomarkers in clinical practice, further enforcing the hope that personalized drugs, targeting specific epigenetic features, could be in future a therapeutic option for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Montella
- ASL NA2 NORD, Oncology Operative Unit, "Santa Maria delle Grazie" Hospital, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Mariella Cuomo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzio Del Gaudio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Buonaiuto
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Costabile
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,SEMM-European School of Molecular Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Visconti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Institute for the Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, Italian National Council of Research, Naples, Italy
| | - Teodolinda Di Risi
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Ferraro
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Bove
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Facchini
- ASL NA2 NORD, Oncology Operative Unit, "Santa Maria delle Grazie" Hospital, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,BIOGEM, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Chiariotti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Della Monica
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Jiang B, Yang Z, Shi H, Jalil AT, Mahmood Saleh M, Mi W. Potentiation of Curcumin-loaded zeolite Y nanoparticles/PCL-gelatin electrospun nanofibers for postsurgical glioblastoma treatment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Pang F, He W, Liu X, Zou Z, Wu W, Wang Y, Yang P, Wen B, Jiang J, Teng Y, Yang X, Chen L, Jia Q, Li M, Xu J. Overexpression of PRKCH promotes tumorigenesis in patients with glioma and influences glioma stem cell properties. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jiang Y, Zhao J, Li R, Liu Y, Zhou L, Wang C, Lv C, Gao L, Cui D. CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:307. [PMID: 36266731 PMCID: PMC9583503 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death and participates in the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM). Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found to play key roles in ferroptosis via several mechanisms, including regulating iron metabolism, glutathione metabolism, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial-related proteins, there are many novel circRNAs regulating ferroptosis need to be found, and they may become a new molecular treatment target in GBM. METHODS The expression levels of circLRFN5, PRRX2 and GCH1 were detected by qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Lentiviral-based infections were used to overexpress or knockdown these molecules in glioma stem cells (GSCs). The biological functions of these molecules on GSCs were detected by MTS (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium), the 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, transwell, neurosphere formation assays, Extreme Limiting Dilution Analysis (ELDA) and xenograft experiments. The content of ferroptosis levels in GSCs was detected by BODIPY 581/591 C11 assay, glutathione (GSH) assay and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The regulating mechanisms among these molecules were studied by RNA immunoprecipitation assay, RNA pull-down assay, ubiquitination assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS We found a novel circRNA circLRFN5 is downregulated in GBM and associated with GBM patients' poor prognosis. CircLRFN5 overexpression inhibits the cell viabilities, proliferation, neurospheres formation, stemness and tumorigenesis of GSCs via inducing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, circLRFN5 binds to PRRX2 protein and promotes its degradation via a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal pathway. PRRX2 can transcriptionally upregulate GCH1 expression in GSCs, which is a ferroptosis suppressor via generating the antioxidant tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). CONCLUSIONS Our study found circLRFN5 as a tumor-suppressive circRNA and identified its role in the progression of ferroptosis and GBM. CircLRFN5 can be used as a potential GBM biomarker and become a target for molecular therapies or ferroptosis-dependent therapy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Junshuang Zhao
- grid.443573.20000 0004 1799 2448Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Rongqing Li
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Lin Zhou
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Caihong Lv
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Liang Gao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Daming Cui
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
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Song S, Wu H, Wang F, Jiao J, Xu L, Wang H, Tong X, Yan H. Global research trends and hotspots on glioma stem cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:926025. [PMID: 36248966 PMCID: PMC9558893 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.926025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundGlioma stem cells (GSCs) are a sub-population of cancer stem cells with capacity of self-renewal and differentiation. Accumulated evidence has revealed that GSCs were shown to contribute to gliomagenesis, distant metastasis as well as the resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As a result, GSCs were regarded as a promising therapeutic target in human glioma. The purpose of our study is to identify current state and hotspots of GSCs research by analyzing scientific publications through bibliometric methods.MethodsAll relevant publications on GSCs during 2003-2021 were extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), and related information was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016, GraphPad Prism 8 and VOSviewer software.ResultsA total of 4990 papers were included. The United States accounted for the largest number of publications (1852), the second average citations per item (ACI) value (67.54) as well as the highest H-index (157). Cancer Research was the most influential journal in this field. The most contributive institution was League of European Research Universities. RICH JN was the author with the most publications (109) and the highest H-index (59). All studies were clustered into 3 groups: “glioma stem cell properties”, “cell biological properties” and “oncology therapy”. The keywords “identification”, “CD133” and “side population” appeared earlier with the smaller average appearing years (AAY), and the keywords”radiotherapy” and “chemotherapy” had the latest AAY. The analysis of top cited articles showed that “temozolomide”, “epithelial-mesenchymal transition”, and “immunotherapy” emerged as new focused issues.ConclusionThere has been a growing number of researches on GSCs. The United States has always been a leading player in this domain. In general, the research focus has gradually shifted from basic cellular biology to the solutions of clinical concerns. “Temozolomide resistance”, “epithelial-mesenchymal transition”, and “immunotherapy” should be given more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirong Song
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanchen Wang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiji Jiao
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Yan, ; Hongguang Wang, ; Xiaoguang Tong,
| | - Xiaoguang Tong
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Yan, ; Hongguang Wang, ; Xiaoguang Tong,
| | - Hua Yan
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Yan, ; Hongguang Wang, ; Xiaoguang Tong,
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Wang H, Mao X, Ye L, Cheng H, Dai X. The Role of the S100 Protein Family in Glioma. J Cancer 2022; 13:3022-3030. [PMID: 36046652 PMCID: PMC9414020 DOI: 10.7150/jca.73365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family consists of 25 members and share a common structure defined in part by the Ca2+ binding EF-hand motif. Multiple members' dysregulated expression is associated with progression, diagnosis and prognosis in a broad range of diseases, especially in tumors. They could exert wide range of functions both in intracellular and extracellular, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell motility, enzyme activities, immune responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, Ca2+ homeostasis and angiogenesis. Gliomas are the most prevalent primary tumors of the brain and spinal cord with multiple subtypes that are diagnosed and classified based on histopathology. Up to now the role of several S100 proteins in gliomas have been explored. S100A8, S100A9 and S100B were highly expression in serum and may present as a marker correlated with survival and prognosis of glioma patients. Individual member was confirmed as a new regulator of glioma stem cells (GSCs) and a mediator of mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma (GBM). Additionally, several members up- or downregulation have been reported to involve in the development of glioma by interacting with signaling pathways and target proteins. Here we detail S100 proteins that are associated with glioma, and discuss their potential effects on progression, diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
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Wang X, Chen J, Liu XH, Zeng XY, Long QY, Liu YH, Mao Q. Evaluation of CD98 light chain-LAT1 as a potential marker of cancer stem-like cells in glioblastoma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119303. [PMID: 35659617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are a minority population of glioma cells that regarded as the cause of tumor formation and recurrence. Identifying new molecular strategies targeting GSCs must be urgently developed to treat glioblastoma. In this study, one of CD98 light chain-L type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) was found as a potential GSC marker. LAT1 served as EAA transporter has been shown to be closely related with tumor invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and radiosensitivity. METHODS LAT1+ and LAT1- glioma cells were sorted by flow cytometry. Cellular immunofluorescence, sphere-formation arrays, and in vitro limiting dilution experiments were used to identify cell stemness. Differentiated glioma stem cells were cultured, and the expressions of β-tubulinIII, GFAP, and LAT1 were detected by Western blot. Nude mouse models were constructed to observe tumor formation and metastasis in nude mice. RESULTS LAT1+ glioma cells were testified a small percentage of all cells and selected as the subsequent sorting marker. LAT1+ cells were separated from U87 and U251 cells could express high level of stem cell markers, and possessed GSC properties including self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. But LAT1- cells did not have these characteristics. In addition, LAT1+ cells were able to generate tumors in vivo, tumor size of LAT1+ cells formed were much bigger than that of LAT1- cells. CONCLUSION Our study, including molecular, cell, vitro and vivo experiments, has shown that LAT1+ cells possess GSC properties, and present for the first time that LAT1 can be used as a new marker for GSCs screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China.
| | - Jinxiu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China, China
| | - Xiang-Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiang-Yi Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Qiang-You Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Yan-Hui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
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Otte K, Zhao K, Braun M, Neubauer A, Raifer H, Helmprobst F, Barrera FO, Nimsky C, Bartsch JW, Rusch T. Eltanexor Effectively Reduces Viability of Glioblastoma and Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells at Nano-Molar Concentrations and Sensitizes to Radiotherapy and Temozolomide. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092145. [PMID: 36140245 PMCID: PMC9496210 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current standard adjuvant therapy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) using temozolomide (TMZ) frequently fails due to therapy resistance. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are highly demanded. We tested the therapeutic efficacy of the second-generation XPO1 inhibitor Eltanexor using assays for cell viability and apoptosis in GBM cell lines and GBM stem-like cells. For most GBM-derived cells, IC50 concentrations for Eltanexor were below 100 nM. In correlation with reduced cell viability, apoptosis rates were significantly increased. GBM stem-like cells presented a combinatorial effect of Eltanexor with TMZ on cell viability. Furthermore, pretreatment of GBM cell lines with Eltanexor significantly enhanced radiosensitivity in vitro. To explore the mechanism of apoptosis induction by Eltanexor, TP53-dependent genes were analyzed at the mRNA and protein level. Eltanexor caused induction of TP53-related genes, TP53i3, PUMA, CDKN1A, and PML on both mRNA and protein level. Immunofluorescence of GBM cell lines treated with Eltanexor revealed a strong accumulation of CDKN1A, and, to a lesser extent, of p53 and Tp53i3 in cell nuclei as a plausible mechanism for Eltanexor-induced apoptosis. From these data, we conclude that monotherapy with Eltanexor effectively induces apoptosis in GBM cells and can be combined with current adjuvant therapies to provide a more effective therapy of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Otte
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Madita Braun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Neubauer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hartmann Raifer
- FACS Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Helmprobst
- Department of Neuropathology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Ovalle Barrera
- Department of Neuropathology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Nimsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg W. Bartsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Tillmann Rusch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-58-65625
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Li M, Song D, Chen X, Wang X, Xu L, Yang M, Yang J, Kalvakolanu DV, Wei X, Liu X, Li Y, Guo B, Zhang L. RSL3 triggers glioma stem cell differentiation via the Tgm2/AKT/ID1 signaling axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166529. [PMID: 36041715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
RSL3 is a synthetic molecule that inactivates glutathione peroxidase 4 to induce ferroptosis. However, its effect on glioma stem cells (GSC) remains unclear. In this study, we found that RSL3 significantly suppressed GSC proliferation and induced their differentiation into astrocytes, which was accompanied by the downregulation of stemness-related markers, including Nestin and Sox2. Combined transcriptome and proteome analyses further revealed that RSL3 promoted GSC differentiation by suppressing transglutaminase 2 (Tgm2), but not by ferroptosis-related pathways. Tgm2 overexpression in CSC2078 cells rescued the changes in stemness-related markers and differentiation caused by RSL3, which was mediated by inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) activation. Further studies identified ID1 as a downstream signaling target of Tgm2. Blocking the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway with LY294002 suppressed PI3K, p-Akt, and ID1 levels but not Tgm2. Tgm2 overexpression abrogated the changes in PI3K, p-Akt, and ID1 levels caused by LY294002. Taken together, we demonstrate that RSL3 does not induce ferroptosis; instead, it inhibits GSC proliferation and triggers their differentiation by suppressing the Tgm2/Akt/ID1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuanzhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Libo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- Greenebaum NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Maryland School Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Baofeng Guo
- Department of Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Zhu L, Wang F, Huang J, Wang H, Wang G, Jiang J, Li Q. Inflammatory aging clock: A cancer clock to characterize the patients’ subtypes and predict the overall survival in glioblastoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:925469. [PMID: 36035122 PMCID: PMC9402943 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.925469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many biological clocks related to aging have been linked to the development of cancer. A recent study has identified that the inflammatory aging clock was an excellent indicator to track multiple diseases. However, the role of the inflammatory aging clock in glioblastoma (GBM) remains to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns and the prognostic values of inflammatory aging (iAge) in GBM, and its relations with stem cells. Methods: Inflammation-related genes (IRG) and their relations with chronological age in normal samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were identified by the Spearman correlation analysis. Then, we calculated the iAge and computed their correlations with chronological age in 168 patients with GBM. Next, iAge was applied to classify the patients into high- and low-iAge subtypes. Next, the survival analysis was performed. In addition, the correlations between iAge and stem cell indexes were evaluated. Finally, the results were validated in an external cohort. Results: Thirty-eight IRG were significantly associated with chronological age (|coefficient| > 0.5), and were used to calculate the iAge. Correlation analysis showed that iAge was positively correlated with chronological age. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that iAge was highly associated with immune cells and inflammatory activities. Survival analysis showed the patients in the low-iAge subtype had significantly better overall survival (OS) than those in the high-iAge subtype (p < 0.001). In addition, iAge outperformed the chronological age in revealing the correlations with stem cell stemness. External validation demonstrated that iAge was an excellent method to classify cancer subtypes and predict survival in patients with GBM. Conclusions: Inflammatory aging clock may be involved in the GBM via potential influences on immune-related activities. iAge could be used as biomarkers for predicting the OS and monitoring the stem cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhu, ; Guangxue Wang, ; Jianxin Jiang, ; Qinchuan Li,
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiannan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province People’s Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhu, ; Guangxue Wang, ; Jianxin Jiang, ; Qinchuan Li,
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical School, Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhu, ; Guangxue Wang, ; Jianxin Jiang, ; Qinchuan Li,
| | - Qinchuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhu, ; Guangxue Wang, ; Jianxin Jiang, ; Qinchuan Li,
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Safa AR. Drug and apoptosis resistance in cancer stem cells: a puzzle with many pieces. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:850-872. [PMID: 36627897 PMCID: PMC9771762 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to anticancer agents and apoptosis results in cancer relapse and is associated with cancer mortality. Substantial data have provided convincing evidence establishing that human cancers emerge from cancer stem cells (CSCs), which display self-renewal and are resistant to anticancer drugs, radiation, and apoptosis, and express enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal progression. CSCs represent a heterogeneous tumor cell population and lack specific cellular targets, which makes it a great challenge to target and eradicate them. Similarly, their close relationship with the tumor microenvironment creates greater complexity in developing novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. Several mechanisms participate in the drug and apoptosis resistance phenotype in CSCs in various cancers. These include enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette membrane transporters, activation of various cytoprotective and survival signaling pathways, dysregulation of stemness signaling pathways, aberrant DNA repair mechanisms, increased quiescence, autophagy, increased immune evasion, deficiency of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins including c-FLIP [cellular FLICE (FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme)-inhibitory protein], Bcl-2 family members, inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, and PI3K/AKT signaling. Studying such mechanisms not only provides mechanistic insights into these cells that are unresponsive to drugs, but may lead to the development of targeted and effective therapeutics to eradicate CSCs. Several studies have identified promising strategies to target CSCs. These emerging strategies may help target CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis in clinical settings. This article will review the CSCs drug and apoptosis resistance mechanisms and how to target CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R. Safa
- Correspondence to: Dr. Ahmad R. Safa, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 635 Barnhill Dr. MS A416, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. E-mail:
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Targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 9 in cancer therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1633-1645. [PMID: 34811514 PMCID: PMC9253122 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 9 associates mainly with cyclin T1 and forms the positive transcription elongation factor b (p-TEFb) complex responsible for transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that CDK9 modulates the expression and activity of oncogenes, such as MYC and murine double minute 4 (MDM4), and it also plays an important role in development and/or maintenance of the malignant cell phenotype. Malfunction of CDK9 is frequently observed in numerous cancers. Recent studies have highlighted the function of CDK9 through a variety of mechanisms in cancers, including the formation of new complexes and epigenetic alterations. Due to the importance of CDK9 activation in cancer cells, CDK9 inhibitors have emerged as promising candidates for cancer therapy. Natural product-derived and chemically synthesized CDK9 inhibitors are being examined in preclinical and clinical research. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of CDK9 in transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, and different cellular factor interactions, focusing on new advances. We show the importance of CDK9 in mediating tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Then, we provide an overview of some CDK9 inhibitors supported by multiple oncologic preclinical and clinical investigations. Finally, we discuss the perspective and challenge of CDK9 modulation in cancer.
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Selenium and tellurium in the development of novel small molecules and nanoparticles as cancer multidrug resistance reversal agents. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 63:100844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Werner M, Lyu C, Stadlbauer B, Schrader I, Buchner A, Stepp H, Sroka R, Pohla H. The role of shikonin in improving 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy on glioblastoma stem cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102987. [PMID: 35760350 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme remains a malignant neoplasia with a median survival of less than two years and without satisfactory therapeutic options. The so-called glioblastoma stem cells escape the established radio- and chemotherapies and lead to tumor recurrence in most cases. The alkaloid Shikonin with its various anti stem cell properties and the interstitial photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid seem to be promising new options in the therapy of glioblastoma. In this study, in vitro investigations were performed to observe the influence of Shikonin on viability, proliferation, induction of apoptosis and the capability of forming tumor spheres in U-87 MG and the primary glioblastoma cell line GB14. The combined effect with the chemotherapeutic temozolomide and photodynamic treatment on the mRNA expression of glioma specific stem cell markers and further examined intracellular protoporphyrin IX accumulation under Shikonin treatment was analyzed. Shikonin effectively inhibited the capability of forming tumor spheres and enhanced temozolomide effectiveness in the reduction of proliferation and in the induction of apoptosis. Additionally, Shikonin increased the mRNA expression of the tumor suppressing Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene and showed modulating effects on intracellular protoporphyrin IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Werner
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany.
| | - Chen Lyu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Birgit Stadlbauer
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany; Department of Urology, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Isabel Schrader
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Alexander Buchner
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany; Department of Urology, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Herbert Stepp
- Department of Urology, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany; Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Ronald Sroka
- Department of Urology, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany; Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
| | - Heike Pohla
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, LIFE Center, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany; Department of Urology, LMU Klinikum, University Munich, 82151 Planegg, Germany
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Chen X, Niu W, Fan X, Yang H, Zhao C, Fan J, Yao X, Fang Z. Oct4A palmitoylation modulates tumorigenicity and stemness in human glioblastoma cells. Neuro Oncol 2022; 25:82-96. [PMID: 35727735 PMCID: PMC9825352 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme and other solid malignancies are heterogeneous, containing subpopulations of tumor cells that exhibit stem characteristics. Oct4, also known as POU5F1, is a key transcription factor in the self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. Although it has been detected in advanced gliomas, the biological function of Oct4, and transcriptional machinery maintained by the stemness of Oct4 protein-mediated glioma stem cells (GSC), has not been fully determined. METHODS The expression of Oct4 variants was evaluated in brain cancer cell lines, and in brain tumor tissues, by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis. The palmitoylation level of Oct4A was determined by the acyl-biotin exchange method, and the effects of palmitoylation Oct4A on GSCs were investigated by a series of in vitro (neuro-sphere formation assay, double immunofluorescence, pharmacological treatment, luciferase assay, and coimmunoprecipitation) and in vivo (xenograft model) experiments. RESULTS Here, we report that all three variants of Oct4 are expressed in different types of cerebral cancer, while Oct4A is important for maintaining tumorigenicity in GSCs. Palmitoylation mediated by ZDHHC17 was indispensable for preserving Oct4A from lysosome degradation to maintain its protein stability. Oct4A palmitoylation also helped to integrate Sox4 and Oct4A in the SOX2 enhancement subregion to maintain the stem performance of GSCs. We also designed Oct4A palmitoylation competitive inhibitors, inhibiting the self-renewal ability and tumorigenicity of GSCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that Oct4A acts on the tumorigenic activity of glioblastoma, and Oct4A palmitoylation is a candidate therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Chen
- Corresponding Authors: Xueran Chen, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China (); Xuebiao Yao, PhD, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No.96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China (); Zhiyou Fang, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China ()
| | - Wanxiang Niu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Haoran Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chenggang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Junqi Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Corresponding Authors: Xueran Chen, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China (); Xuebiao Yao, PhD, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No.96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China (); Zhiyou Fang, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China ()
| | - Zhiyou Fang
- Corresponding Authors: Xueran Chen, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China (); Xuebiao Yao, PhD, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No.96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China (); Zhiyou Fang, PhD, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China ()
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Zhao C, Yu H, Fan X, Niu W, Fan J, Sun S, Gong M, Zhao B, Fang Z, Chen X. GSK3β palmitoylation mediated by ZDHHC4 promotes tumorigenicity of glioblastoma stem cells in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma through the EZH2-STAT3 axis. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:28. [PMID: 35606353 PMCID: PMC9126914 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are a highly tumorigenic cell subgroup of glioblastoma (GBM). Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is considered a key hub for promoting malignant phenotypes in GBM. However, the functional relationships between GSK3β and GSCs in GBM are unclear. Here, we found that GSK3β was noted as a substrate for ZDHHC4-mediated palmitoylation at the Cys14 residue, which enhanced GBM temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and GSC self-renewal. Clinically, the expression level of ZDHHC4 was upregulated in GBM, which significantly correlated with tumor grade and poor prognosis. The above phenotypes were based on decreasing p-Ser9 and increasing p-Tyr216 by GSK3β palmitoylation, which further activated the enhancer of the zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-STAT3 pathway. Notably, STAT3 silencing also inhibited ZDHHC4 expression. This study revealed that GSK3β palmitoylation mediated by ZDHHC4 improved the stemness of TMZ-resistant GBM by activating the EZH2-STAT3 signaling axis, providing a new theoretical basis for further understanding the mechanism of TMZ resistance and recurrence after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huihan Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lu Jiang Road, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanxiang Niu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junqi Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Suling Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meiting Gong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Fu Rong Road, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhiyou Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Xueran Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology; Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, 230031, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science & Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Comparison of Physicochemical, Mechanical, and (Micro-)Biological Properties of Sintered Scaffolds Based on Natural- and Synthetic Hydroxyapatite Supplemented with Selected Dopants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094692. [PMID: 35563084 PMCID: PMC9101299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific combinations of materials and dopants presented in this work have not been previously described. The main goal of the presented work was to prepare and compare the different properties of newly developed composite materials manufactured by sintering. The synthetic- (SHAP) or natural- (NHAP) hydroxyapatite serves as a matrix and was doped with: (i) organic: multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), fullerenes C60, (ii) inorganic: Cu nanowires. Research undertaken was aimed at seeking novel candidates for bone replacement biomaterials based on hydroxyapatite—the main inorganic component of bone, because bone reconstructive surgery is currently mostly carried out with the use of autografts; titanium or other non-hydroxyapatite -based materials. The physicomechanical properties of the developed biomaterials were tested by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dielectric Spectroscopy (BSD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), as well as microhardness using Vickers method. The results showed that despite obtaining porous sinters. The highest microhardness was achieved for composite materials based on NHAP. Based on NMR spectroscopy, residue organic substances could be observed in NHAP composites, probably due to the organic structures that make up the tooth. Microbiology investigations showed that the selected samples exhibit bacteriostatic properties against Gram-positive reference bacterial strain S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228); however, the property was much less pronounced against Gram-negative reference strain E. coli (ATCC 25922). Both NHAP and SHAP, as well as their doped derivates, displayed in good general compatibility, with the exception of Cu-nanowire doped derivates.
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Singh DK, Shivalingappa PKM, Sharma A, Mondal A, Muzumdar D, Shiras A, Bapat SA. NSG-70, a new glioblastoma cell line with mixed proneural-mesenchymal features, associates NOTCH1-WNT5A signaling with stem cell maintenance and angiogenesis. J Neurooncol 2022; 157:575-591. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Xavier CP, Belisario DC, Rebelo R, Assaraf YG, Giovannetti E, Kopecka J, Vasconcelos MH. The role of extracellular vesicles in the transfer of drug resistance competences to cancer cells. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 62:100833. [PMID: 35429792 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Di Nunno V, Franceschi E, Tosoni A, Gatto L, Bartolini S, Brandes AA. Glioblastoma Microenvironment: From an Inviolable Defense to a Therapeutic Chance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:852950. [PMID: 35311140 PMCID: PMC8924419 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.852950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive tumor and is associated with a dismal prognosis. The availability of few active treatments as well as the inexorable recurrence after surgery are important hallmarks of the disease. The biological behavior of glioblastoma tumor cells reveals a very complex pattern of genomic alterations and is partially responsible for the clinical aggressiveness of this tumor. It has been observed that glioblastoma cells can recruit, manipulate and use other cells including neurons, glial cells, immune cells, and endothelial/stromal cells. The final result of this process is a very tangled net of interactions promoting glioblastoma growth and progression. Nonetheless, recent data are suggesting that the microenvironment can also be a niche in which glioblastoma cells can differentiate into glial cells losing their tumoral phenotype. Here we summarize the known interactions between micro-environment and glioblastoma cells highlighting possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Franceschi
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alicia Tosoni
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Gatto
- Department of Oncology, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Bartolini
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alba Ariela Brandes
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bryukhovetskiy I. Cell‑based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:133. [PMID: 35251352 PMCID: PMC8895466 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary glial brain tumor. It has an unfavorable prognosis and relatively ineffective treatment protocols, with the median survival of patients being ~15 months. Tumor resistance to treatment is associated with its cancer stem cells (CSCs). At present, there is no medication or technologies that have the ability to completely eradicate CSCs, and immunotherapy (IT) is only able to prolong the patient's life. The present review aimed to investigate systemic solutions for issues associated with immunosuppression, such as ineffective IT and the creation of optimal conditions for CSCs to fulfill their lethal potential. The present review also investigated the main methods involved in local immunosuppression treatment, and highlighted the associated disadvantages. In addition, novel treatment options and targets for the elimination and regulation of CSCs with adaptive and active IT are discussed. Antagonists of TGF-β inhibitors, immune checkpoints and other targeted medication are also summarized. The role of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the mechanisms underlying systemic immune suppression development in cases of GBM is analyzed, and the potential reprogramming of HSCs during their interaction with cancer cells is discussed. Moreover, the present review emphasizes the importance of the aforementioned interactions in the development of immune tolerance and the inactivation of the immune system in neoplastic processes. The possibility of solving the problem of systemic immunosuppression during transplantation of donor HSCs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Medical Center, School of Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
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Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Glioblastoma Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020427. [PMID: 35203636 PMCID: PMC8962267 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma remains a challenging disease to treat, despite well-established standard-of-care treatments, with a median survival consistently of less than 2 years. In this review, we delineate the unique disease-specific challenges for immunotherapies, both brain-related and non-brain-related, which will need to be adequately overcome for the development of effective treatments. We also review current immunotherapy treatments, with a focus on clinical applications, and propose future directions for the field of GBM immunotherapy.
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50
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Inhibiting CK2 among Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Gliomas and Several Other Neoplasms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020331. [PMID: 35214064 PMCID: PMC8877581 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In gliomas, casein kinase 2 (CK2) plays a dominant role in cell survival and tumour invasiveness and is upregulated in many brain tumours. Among CK2 inhibitors, benzimidazole and isothiourea derivatives hold a dominant position. While targeting glioma tumour cells, they show limited toxicity towards normal cells. Research in recent years has shown that these compounds can be suitable as components of combined therapies with hyperbaric oxygenation. Such a combination increases the susceptibility of glioma tumour cells to cell death via apoptosis. Moreover, researchers planning on using any other antiglioma investigational pharmaceutics may want to consider using these agents in combination with CK2 inhibitors. However, different compounds are not equally effective when in such combination. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of treatment and optimize the treatment regimen. In addition, the role of CK2 in gliomagenesis and maintenance seems to have been challenged recently, as some compounds structurally similar to CK2 inhibitors do not inhibit CK2 while still being effective at reducing glioma viability and invasion. Furthermore, some newly developed inhibitors specific for CK2 do not appear to have strong anticancer properties. Further experimental and clinical studies of these inhibitors and combined therapies are warranted.
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