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Li T, Wang X, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Feng Y, Wang Q, Guo X, Tang X, Xu J, Song Y, Chen Y, Xu N, Yao Y, Liu R, Zhu P, Han Y, Yuan J. Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Patients with Abnormal Glycemic Status and Coronary Artery Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study in China. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030732. [PMID: 36771438 PMCID: PMC9920677 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of malnutrition in patients with an abnormal glycemic status and coronary artery disease (CAD). This secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort included 5710 CAD patients with prediabetes and 9328 with diabetes. Four objective tools were applied to assess the nutritional status of the study population. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The association of malnutrition with clinical outcomes was examined using Cox proportional hazards regression. The proportion of malnutrition varied from 8% to 57% across the assessment tools. Diabetic patients were more likely to be malnourished than prediabetic patients. During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, 456 all-cause deaths occurred. The adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval for all-cause deaths of moderate-severe malnutrition defined by different tools ranged from 1.59 (1.03, 2.46) to 2.08 (0.92, 4.73) in prediabetic patients and 1.51 (1.00, 2.34) to 2.41 (1.78, 3.27) in diabetic patients. In conclusion, malnutrition is not rare in CAD patients with abnormal glycemic status. Moderate-severe malnutrition strongly predicted all-cause death regardless of the assessment tool. Assessing the nutritional status for all CAD patients with prediabetes and diabetes to identify individuals at high risk of all-cause death may help the risk assessment and prognosis improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaozeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute & Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510100, China
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 314400, China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ru Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Pei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute & Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jinqing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (J.Y.)
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Horinouchi S, Harada M, Ikeda S, Horinouchi R, Kubo M, Tashiro Y, Ijuin A, Mukai M, Nishio Y. Relationship between diabetic complications and the nutritional index in untreated diabetes. Diabetol Int 2022; 14:58-64. [PMID: 36636155 PMCID: PMC9829937 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-022-00595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the association between diabetic complications and the nutritional index at the first hospital visit in untreated patients with diabetes. Two hundred and four patients with untreated type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the present study. Nutrition-related risks were assessed using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). The patients were divided into the following three subgroups: major/moderate risk, low risk, and no risk. Intergroup comparisons of clinical characteristics were carried out. The risk of complications related to diabetes was associated with the GNRI. The major/moderate-risk group (GNRI < 92) had a high risk for diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic foot, while the low-risk group (GNRI of 92 to ≤ 98) had a high risk for diabetic nephropathy only. The odds ratio of diabetic retinopathy for a major/moderate risk was 17.6. The odds ratio of diabetic nephropathy for a major/moderate risk was 16.7. Nutritional assessment at the first hospital visit using the GNRI could be a simple and useful tool for predicting the risk of diabetic complications in untreated patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Horinouchi
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima City Hospital, 37-1 Uearata, Kagoshima, 890-8760 Japan
| | - Mihoko Harada
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Outpatient Nursing, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sakiko Ikeda
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Nutrition Management, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Remi Horinouchi
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Nutrition Management, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Misako Kubo
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Nutrition Management, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuma Tashiro
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima City Hospital, 37-1 Uearata, Kagoshima, 890-8760 Japan
| | - Ayako Ijuin
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima City Hospital, 37-1 Uearata, Kagoshima, 890-8760 Japan
| | - Miki Mukai
- grid.410788.20000 0004 1774 4188Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima City Hospital, 37-1 Uearata, Kagoshima, 890-8760 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nishio
- grid.258333.c0000 0001 1167 1801Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Francis NK, Pawar HS, Mitra A, Mitra A. Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity and its Convalescence with Dietary Rehabilitation in Undernourished Rural West Bengal Population. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:LC29-LC32. [PMID: 28658815 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25888.9937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome involving diabetes is acquiring the eminence of prospective epidemic in India with dramatic rise in rural population prevalence where majority are undernourished and creates significant healthcare burden. AIM To investigate the prevalence of the insulin resistance amongst the undernourished rural population, involving children, adolescents and adult volunteers of the West Bengal and the effect of nutritional supplementation in the parameters echoing insulin sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective interventional study was carried out on 120 volunteers in three age groups; Group 1 (5-12 years), Group 2 (13-18 years) and Group 3 (19-40 years), each with 40 subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, under informed consent over six months. Baseline data regarding demography, family history including parental history of diabetes, medical history, physical, activity, anthropometrical status and blood parameters echoing insulin sensitivity were obtained from volunteers. Intervention included daily nutritional supplementation with eggs and banana. After six months of food supplementation, parameters reflecting insulin sensitivity were assessed. RESULTS Initial low figures of fasting insulin and blood sugar levels improvised with the nutritional supplementation alongside the absence of wasting in Group 1. HOMA-IR and IRI values of the Group 2 improved from the initial figures (3.19, 2.87) to (2.204, 1.99) and that of Group 3 from (5.0, 4.52) to (4.08, 3.67) respectively over six months (p<.05). Average Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) enhanced from 85.5±9.6 mg/dl to 78.4±7.3 mg/dl and from 90.1±10.2 mg/dl to 84.8±8.4 mg/dl in Group 2 and 3 respectively by the end of the supplementation study (p<.05). CONCLUSION Six months study revealed the existence of insulin resistance and malnourishment in the selected rural population in three groups. Decrement in HOMA-IR, IRI, FBS and serum insulin alongside the improvement in the body mass, in comparison to that of initial values is evocative of restoration of insulin sensitivity with nutrition supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy K Francis
- Research Scholar, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Harpreet Singh Pawar
- Research Scholar, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirban Mitra
- Associate Professor, Computer Science Education, Vignen Institute of Technology and Management, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Analava Mitra
- Associate Professor, School of Medical Science and Technology, Kharagpur, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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Francis N, Pawar HS, Dhara S, Mitra A, Mitra A. Radiopaque Hemocompatible Ruminant-Sourced Gut Material with Antimicrobial Physiognomies for Biomedical Applications in Diabetics. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:755-764. [PMID: 30023615 PMCID: PMC6044743 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study comprises the fabrication of a radiopaque gut material with its mechanical properties conforming to the US Pharmacopeia guidelines giving an antimicrobial advantage for suture application, especially in conditions such as diabetes mellitus, which has a high wound infection rate. Schiff base cross-linking iodination of the material is evinced by the spectroscopic studies, and antimicrobial properties owing to released iodine are evinced through in vitro studies. Modified gut sutures demonstrated favorable physicomechanical features such as appropriate tensile strength (440 ± 20 MPa) and knot strength (270 ± 20) alongside a mean radiopacity value of 139.0 ± 10 in comparison with that of the femoral shaft with 160 ± 10. The diabetic model showed absence of clinical signs of infection, supported by wound swab culture and the absence of necrosis in histology. Hemocompatibility studies evinced the absence of contact platelet activation and hemolysis alongside the customary coagulation response. These promising results highlight the stimulating potential of the process in the development of biomedical applications, necessitating persistent studies for its evidence-based applicability, particularly in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy
K. Francis
- Natural
Products Research Laboratory and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Harpreet S. Pawar
- Natural
Products Research Laboratory and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- Natural
Products Research Laboratory and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Anirban Mitra
- Department
of Computer Science & Engineering, Vignan
Institute of Technology and Management, Berhampur, Odisha 761008, India
| | - Analava Mitra
- Natural
Products Research Laboratory and Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Laboratory, School of Medical Science and
Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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