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Pant B, Gumel AB. Mathematical assessment of the roles of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the dynamics and control of SARS-CoV-2. Infect Dis Model 2024; 9:828-874. [PMID: 38725431 PMCID: PMC11079469 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, disproportionately affected certain segments of society, particularly the elderly population (which suffered the brunt of the burden of the pandemic in terms of severity of the disease, hospitalization, and death). This study presents a generalized multigroup model, with m heterogeneous sub-populations, to assess the population-level impact of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the transmission dynamics and control of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United States. Rigorous analysis of the model for the homogeneous case (i.e., the model with m = 1) reveal that its disease-free equilibrium is globally-asymptotically stable for two special cases (with perfect vaccine efficacy or negligible disease-induced mortality) whenever the associated reproduction number is less than one. The model has a unique and globally-asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium, for special a case, when the associated reproduction threshold exceeds one. The homogeneous model was fitted using the observed cumulative mortality data for the United States during three distinct waves (Waves A (October 17, 2020 to April 5, 2021), B (July 9, 2021 to November 7, 2021) and C (January 1, 2022 to May 7, 2022)) chosen to align with time periods when the Alpha, Delta and Omicron were, respectively, the predominant variants in the United States. The calibrated model was used to derive a theoretical expression for achieving vaccine-derived herd immunity (needed to eliminate the disease in the United States). It was shown that, using the one-group homogeneous model, vaccine-derived herd immunity is not attainable during Wave C of the pandemic in the United States, regardless of the coverage level of the fully-vaccinated individuals. Global sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the parameters of the model that have the most influence on the disease dynamics and burden. These analyses reveal that control and mitigation strategies that may be very effective during one wave may not be so very effective during the other wave or waves. However, strategies that target asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infectious individuals are shown to be consistently effective across all waves. To study the impact of the disproportionate effect of COVID-19 on the elderly population, we considered the heterogeneous model for the case where the total population is subdivided into the sub-populations of individuals under 65 years of age and those that are 65 and older. The resulting two-group heterogeneous model, which was also fitted using the cumulative mortality data for wave C, was also rigorously analysed. Unlike for the case of the one-group model, it was shown, for the two-group model, that vaccine-derived herd immunity can indeed be achieved during Wave C of the pandemic if at least 61% of the populace is fully vaccinated. Thus, this study shows that adding age heterogeneity into a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination model with homogeneous mixing significantly reduces the level of vaccination coverage needed to achieve vaccine-derived herd immunity (specifically, for the heterogeneous model, herd-immunity can be attained during Wave C if a moderate proportion of susceptible individuals are fully vaccinated). The consequence of this result is that vaccination models for SARS-CoV-2 that do not explicitly account for age heterogeneity may be overestimating the level of vaccine-derived herd immunity threshold needed to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Pant
- Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Abba B. Gumel
- Department of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
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Kroneman M, Williams GA, Winkelmann J, Spreeuwenberg P, Davidovics K, Groenewegen PP. Personal protective equipment for healthcare workers during COVID-19: Developing and applying a questionnaire and assessing associations between infection rates and shortages across 19 countries. Health Policy 2024; 146:105097. [PMID: 38870609 PMCID: PMC11292171 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2024.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the preparedness of European countries regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) for health and care workers (HCWs), the COVID-19 infection rates of HCWs compared to the general working age population, and the association between these. We developed a PPE-preparedness scale based on responses to a questionnaire from experts in the Health Systems and Policy Monitor network, with a response rate of 19 out of 31 countries. COVID-19 infection data were retrieved form the European center for Disease Prevention and Control. Shortages of PPE were found in most countries, in particular in home care and long-term care. HCW infection rates, compared to the general population, varied strongly between countries, influenced by different testing regimes. We found no relationships between HCW infection rates, PPE preparedness and shortages of PPE. Improved surveillance in the population as well as for HCWS are needed to be able to better assess these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelon Kroneman
- Nivel - Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, PO Box 1568 3500, BN, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gemma A Williams
- London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK; European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Place Victor Horta/Victor Hortaplein, 40 bte 30 1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Place Victor Horta/Victor Hortaplein, 40 bte 30 1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Spreeuwenberg
- Nivel - Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, PO Box 1568 3500, BN, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Krisztina Davidovics
- Semmelweis University, Health Services Management Training Centre, Data-Driven Health Division of National Laboratory for Health Security, Kútvölgyi út 2 1125, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter P Groenewegen
- Nivel - Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, PO Box 1568 3500, BN, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Agustina R, Rianda D, Lamuri A, Ekawidyani KR, Siregar DAS, Sari DS, Wulan PM, Devana ND, Syam AF, Rahyussalim AJ, Handayani DO, Widyastuti W, Shankar AH, Salama N. The impact of government pandemic policies on the vulnerability of healthcare workers to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in Jakarta Province, Indonesia. Ann Med 2024; 55:2293306. [PMID: 38206905 PMCID: PMC10786428 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2293306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare workers (HCWs) are on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic, putting them at a higher risk of infection and disease than non-HCWs. We analysed the effects of government policies for the public and for HCWs on the likelihood of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mortality among HCWs during the first 8 months of the pandemic in Jakarta province, the capital city and COVID-19 hotspot in Indonesia. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using secondary data from the Jakarta provincial government from March to October 2020, which included sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms, comorbidities and COVID-19 diagnosis history for all cases. A generalized linear mixed-effect regression model was used to determine the effect of each month on the odds ratio (OR) of COVID-19 cases and deaths for HCW compared with non-HCW, assuming that monthly trends were influenced by varying government policies. RESULTS A total of 894,487 suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases in health facilities in Jakarta province were analysed. The OR of confirmed cases for HCW was 2.04 (95% CI 2.00-2.08; p < .001) compared to non-HCW. Despite this higher OR for infection, the case fatality rate (2.32 per 100) and OR (1.02, 95% CI 0.93-1.11; p = .65) of COVID-19 deaths for HCW were similar to those of non-HCW. We observed a trend towards a lower number of COVID-19 patients in hospitals and lower odds of COVID-19 cases among HCWs during the April-to-July 2020 phase compared to the August-to-October phase. This chronologically aligned with more extensive policies to support hospital-based, community-based and well-being-related actions to protect HCW. CONCLUSIONS HCW had higher odds of having SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet similar odds of death from COVID-19, as compared to non-HCW. Government policies with collective efforts to prevent hospital overcapacity during high transmission and burden periods of the pandemic should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Agustina
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (HNRC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Davrina Rianda
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (HNRC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aly Lamuri
- Big Data Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (BDC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Karina Rahmadia Ekawidyani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Deviana Ayushinta Sani Siregar
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (HNRC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dyana Santika Sari
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (HNRC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Prashti Mutia Wulan
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (HNRC-IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Natasha Dianasari Devana
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ari Fahrial Syam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Anuraj Harish Shankar
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit – Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ngabila Salama
- Health Office, Government of Jakarta Province, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Guha SK, Niyogi S. Higher Frequency of Healthcare Professionals is Associated With a Low Incidence of COVID-19-Related Death. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580231221290. [PMID: 38197405 PMCID: PMC10785715 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231221290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 200 countries with varying levels of infection and mortality rates. To understand the impact of healthcare resources and cultural factors, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 76 countries. The study used K-means clustering to identify 2 distinct clusters and performed a Welch's test to compare different parameters. The countries were then plotted on the Inglehart-Welzel global cultural map. By incorporating this framework, researchers can systematically scrutinize the intricate interplay of cultural factors. This will provide valuable context for understanding individuals' behaviors, preferences, and decision-making as they pertain to the challenges posed by COVID-19 and its mitigation strategies. The results showed that countries with higher levels of healthcare professionals had a lower death rate, even with a relatively high rate of infection. These countries also had higher levels of individual self-expression. The study highlights the importance of adhering to recommended protocols, as neglect can result from a lack of self-expression, leading to an increase in the spread of communicable diseases. It also emphasizes crucial role of healthcare professionals in managing crisis related to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kanti Guha
- Dinabandhu Andrews Institute of Technology and Management, Patuli, West Bengal, India
| | - Sougata Niyogi
- Dinabandhu Andrews Institute of Technology and Management, Patuli, West Bengal, India
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Guha A, Kraml P, Chovanec M, Bala J, Plzák J, Schalek P. The COVID-19 frontiers - sink or swim. Cent Eur J Public Health 2023; 31:171-177. [PMID: 37934480 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to address issues faced by doctors working in the COVID-19 units during the second phase of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic, when the country registered the highest per capita rate of new COVID-19 cases in the world. METHODS A prospective study was designed using Google online questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were doctors from medical and surgical specialties working in COVID-19 units. The Czech Medical Association was approached in obtaining permission and helping us distribute the questionnaire with an introductory message with the aims of the study via email to the chairpersons of 18 medical and surgical Czech Societies and their respective members. The online questionnaire link was active for 31 days. Completion of a questionnaire implied consent to participate. Data was collected from the completed responses and statistical analysis was done. RESULTS Fifteen out of eighteen invited Societies participated in the study. Out of all the transferred or volunteering doctors at the COVID units, 47.6% were from 9 medical specialties and 52.4% from 6 surgical units. The highest transfers were seen amongst male surgeons with 21 to 35 years of work experience, whilst the youngest group of doctors made the highest contribution. There was no statistical significance between the effects of COVID-19 and gender. Despite adequate medical provisions, 42% of all doctors had issues with procedural diagnostic methods, 40% tested positive for COVID-19 and 31% reported staff reduction leading to diminished patients' admissions and compromised care. Doctors from surgical departments experienced more difficulties in working in COVID-19 units. Furthermore, on contraction of COVID-19, 114 doctors asserted a lack of support and another 26% were unaware of any services. CONCLUSIONS Our survey reiterates the relationship between factors related to occupational health and safety, standards of patient care and possibility of medicolegal consequences with the continuing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anasuya Guha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kraml
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Chovanec
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Bala
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plzák
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Schalek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charles University, Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
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Nizigiyimana A, Acharya D, Poder TG. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the health-related quality of life of frontline workers: the case of seven low-income Eastern African countries. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:97. [PMID: 37605219 PMCID: PMC10463627 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of humanitarian and healthcare workers and its related factors in seven Eastern African countries (EAC). METHODS A sample of frontline workers filled out an online cross-sectional survey questionnaire comprising socio-demographic, degree of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, alcohol and tobacco consumption, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using Short Form 6-Dimension version 2 (SF-6Dv2) and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 6-Dimension (CORE-6D), and fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) questionnaires. Multivariate regressions were conducted to identify independent factors associated with HRQoL. RESULTS Of total 721 study participants, mean (standard deviation) scores for SF-6Dv2 and CORE-6D were 0.87 (0.18) and 0.81 (0.14), respectively. Participants with an education level below a university degree, having chronic diseases, been tested positive to COVID-19, with traumatic memories, depression, insomnia, distress, and stress were found to have lower HRQoL likelihood in terms of SF-6Dv2 scores during the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, participants with chronic diseases, exposure to COVID-19 patients, depression, insomnia, distress, stress, tested positive with COVID-19, and high level of fear of COVID-19, had lower HRQoL likelihood in terms of CORE-6D scores. Participants who were married had higher HRQoL likelihoods in terms of SF-6Dv2 scores. CONCLUSION Some personal and mental health characteristics, and COVID-19 related factors, were predictors of lower HRQoL of frontline workers in EAC. These findings should be meaningful while designing sustainable interventions and guidelines aiming to improve the HRQoL of frontline workers during a pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nizigiyimana
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Centre de REcherche en Santé Publique, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Dilaram Acharya
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Thomas G. Poder
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en ANalyse des Organisations, Montréal, QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, CIUSSS de l’Est-de-L’île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
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Sayin I, Yazıcı ZM, Abakay MA, Gülüstan F, Devecioğlu İ, Akgül A. Separating the Physician and Patient: A Paradigm Shift for Routine Otolaryngology Examinations in COVID-19-Like Aerosol-Contaminated Environments. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023; 102:NP89-NP94. [PMID: 33528271 DOI: 10.1177/0145561321992509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the attitudes of physicians and patients toward physical examination in physically separated environments using a laryngoscopic examination model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six experienced laryngologists performed laryngoscopic examinations in 30 patients in a closed-chamber examination unit. The physicians and patients were asked to compare all domains with their previous standard laryngoscopic examination experience using a 10-point visual analog scale (0, poor performance; 10, good performance), including effectiveness of communication, difficulty of examination, perception of safety against airborne transmission of COVID-19, applicability of the unit for future examinations, perception of protective environment, and overall comfort. RESULTS All laryngoscopic examinations were performed successfully. Effectiveness of communication, difficulty of examination, perception of protective environment, and overall comfort did not differ between physicians and patients (P > .05 for all comparisons). However, both physicians and patients found the examination to be difficult. While physicians evaluated the system as safe against airborne transmission of COVID-19, patients were not confident that the system was safe (8.70 ± 1.93 vs 2.87 ± 2.37, respectively, P = .001). Physicians also gave a higher score to future applicability of the unit for examinations than patients (8.90 ± 1.42 vs 7.10 ± 2.62, respectively, P = .001). CONCLUSION Physically separating the physician and patient is a feasible method of physical examination in aerosol-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Sayin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heath Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zahide Mine Yazıcı
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heath Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Abakay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heath Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Gülüstan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heath Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Devecioğlu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heath Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Akgül
- Dean of Health Sciences Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lotta G, Nunes J, Fernandez M, Garcia Correa M. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the frontline health workforce: Perceptions of vulnerability of Brazil's community health workers. HEALTH POLICY OPEN 2022; 3:100065. [PMID: 35036911 PMCID: PMC8752101 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in calls for an increased integration of community health workers (CHWs) into the health system response. Historically, CHWs can play an important role in ensuring the sustainability of health policy implementation - by addressing social determinants of health and maintaining care for ongoing health problems. Their frontline work, with close contact to populations, places CHWs in a position of increased vulnerability to becoming infected and to being the target of abuse and violence. These vulnerabilities compound underlying problems faced by CHWs, who often come from poor backgrounds, are insufficiently paid and receive inadequate training. Speaking to a scarcity of studies on how CHWs are impacted by the pandemic, this paper conducts a systematic study of CHWs in Brazil. Based on quantitative and qualitative data collected during June and July 2020, it considers perceptions and experiences of CHWs, comparing them with other health professionals. We study the extent to which the pandemic added to existing vulnerabilities and created new problems and imbalances in the work of CHWs. We conclude that COVID-19 led to a deterioration of the working conditions of CHWs, of their relations with other health professionals, and of their ability to carry out their essential work in the public health system.
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Kabbashi M, Khairy A, Mohamed A, Abuobaida D, Malik E. The proportion and determinants of COVID-19 infection among medical doctors in Sudan, 2020: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268037. [PMID: 36331915 PMCID: PMC9635736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, frontline health care providers are among the most affected population group by the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowing the factors contributing to the transmission of COVID-19 infection among frontline health care providers is essential for implementing tailored control measures and protecting this vital population group. This study aimed to estimate the proportion and to identify factors associated with COVID-19 infection among medical doctors in Sudan. A web-based survey was used to collect data from medical doctors who were working in Sudan during the study period. Data were analyzed using SPSS® version 25; Descriptive analysis in terms of means (SD) for continuous variables, frequencies, and percentages with 95% CI for the categorical variable was conducted. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression for associations between the outcome variables (risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection and ever tested positive for COVID-19 infection) and independent variables (socio-demographic and infection control standards) were also performed. Out of 352 valid responses, 13.6% had tested positive for COVID-19 infection at least once during the pandemic. More than one-third have identified colleagues as the main sources of infection compared to 21% of patients (p-value < 0.04). Doctors who received training on COVID-19 were 60% less likely to have positive tests for COVID-19 (p-value <0.03), while lack of PPE and hand hygiene utilities had no statistically significant associations with testing positive for COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, a significant proportion of doctors have contracted COVID-19 infection from their colleagues. This calls for restricting infection control practices at hospitals, doctor’s doormats, and any other shared places that allow day-to-day interaction between doctors and their colleagues. Also, urgent need for training doctors on COVID-19 infection control practices as it has been identified as the key protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan Kabbashi
- Head of Quality Department, Central Ambulance Administration, General Directorate of Curative Medicine, Khartoum State Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
- * E-mail:
| | - Amna Khairy
- Expanded Program of Immunization, Maternal and Child Health Directorate, Directorate General of Primary Health Care, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amal Mohamed
- Head of Maternal Deaths Surveillance and Response Unit, National Reproductive Health Program, Mother and Child Health Directorate, General Directorate of Primary Health Care, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Duha Abuobaida
- Malaria and NTDs Unit, Case Management Department, Diseases Control Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Elfatih Malik
- Faculty of Medicine Community Medicine Department, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Tan CY, Theseira AM, Ahmad Zubaidi S, Atiya N, Sanmugam A, Singaravel S, Nah SA. Universal COVID-19 pre-procedural swabs in children in a developing
country: A comparison of findings over two transmission waves. PROCEEDINGS OF SINGAPORE HEALTHCARE 2022; 31:20101058221131656. [PMCID: PMC9527211 DOI: 10.1177/20101058221131656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has strained healthcare systems
worldwide. Some institutions have implemented additional precautionary
measures such as pre-procedural swabbing (PPS) to reduce transmission in
patients and healthcare workers. We evaluate our experience with universal
pre-procedural screening for COVID-19 in low-risk pediatric patients. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients aged 18 years and below who
underwent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay
swabs in our center over two waves (1st May 2020 to
31st July 2020 and 1st April 2021 to
30th June 2021). We included patients who underwent rRT-PCR
for SARS-CoV-2 prior to any procedures requiring general anesthesia and were
deemed low risk for COVID-19 according to our institutional screening
criteria. All study patients were followed up for 14 days
post-procedure. Results Of 2065 swabs done for patients aged 18 years and below during the study
period, 645 (31.2%) were pre-procedural swabs. Patients were aged 4.2 years
(median, interquartile range: 1.6 years–9.8 years). Two patients (0.3%)
tested positive for COVID-19 by PPS, detected during Period 2 – both had
risk criteria which were overlooked by healthcare workers. Within 14 days
post-procedure, 10 patients had unscheduled readmissions and 15 required
repeat rRT-PCR, all of which were negative. Conclusions In patients deemed low risk for COVID-19 infection according to our screening
criteria, routine pre-procedural swabbing returns a low positive rate. Our
findings can guide screening protocols at institutions that provide surgical
services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Yang Tan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | | | - Syukri Ahmad Zubaidi
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department
of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical
Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadia Atiya
- Department of Medical Microbiology,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Sanmugam
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department
of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical
Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Division of Pediatric and Neonatal
Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Srihari Singaravel
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department
of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical
Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Division of Pediatric and Neonatal
Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shireen Anne Nah
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department
of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical
Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Division of Pediatric and Neonatal
Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Shireen Anne Nah, Department of Surgery,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
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11
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Nasir S, Ghazi Shahnawaz M, Giménez-Llort L. Uneven Implications of Lockdown Amid COVID-19 in India: From Harassment, Stigma, Crime, and Internally Displaced People to Stress and Coping Strategies in the Middle/Upper Class. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:348. [PMID: 36285917 PMCID: PMC9599041 DOI: 10.3390/bs12100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A content analysis of an English Newspaper, The Times of India (the world's largest newspaper by circulation) during the first national lockdown amid the COVID-19 pandemic identified nine different categories culled out from a total of 129 news categories reporting unprecedented COVID-19 stories. Half of them portrayed two sides of a coin: from daily wagers and migrant workers, including internally displaced people (23/129), harassment and stigma (4/129), and crime (3/129) to stressors and coping strategies for middle/upper class individuals (39/129). Reports evidenced increased vulnerability in the lower layers of Indian stratified society. Yet, two years later, the uneven implications on physical and mental health are scarcely studied by scientific researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Nasir
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Lupi SM, Todaro C, Camassa D, Rizzo S, Storelli S, Rodriguez y Baena R. Excess Mortality among Physicians and Dentists during COVID-19 in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Study Related to a High-Risk Territory. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091684. [PMID: 36141296 PMCID: PMC9498510 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many studies previously reported epidemiological data on mortality due to COVID-19 among health workers. All these studies included a partial sample of the population with a substantial selection bias. The present study evaluates the trend of mortality among physicians and dentists operating in an area considered to be at high risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data relating to all physicians and dentists registered in the province of Pavia (Italy), a sample consisting of 5454 doctors in 2020 was analyzed. The mortality rates obtained were compared with those related to the 5-year period preceding the pandemic and with those related to the general population. Results: In the area considered, a mortality rate of 0.83% (+69% compared to 2015–2019) was observed in the entire sample in 2020 and 0.43% (−11% compared to 2015–2019) in 2021; among physicians, there was a mortality rate of 0.76% (+53% compared to 2015-2019) in 2020 and 0.35% (−29% compared to 2015–2019) in 2021; for dentists, there was a mortality rate of 1.27% (+185% compared to 2015–2019) in 2020 and 1.01% (+127% compared to 2015–2019) in 2021. Conclusions: These data report the global impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on physicians and dentists in a high-risk territory. In 2020, a significant increase in the mortality rate compared to the previous 5 years was observed for both physicians and dentists; in 2021, a significant increase in the mortality rate was observed only for dentists. These data are also significant in evaluating the impact of vaccination on physicians and dentists and indicate that dentists were among the professions most at risk during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-382-516-255
| | - Claudia Todaro
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Domenico Camassa
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvana Rizzo
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Storelli
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1/3, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Ruggero Rodriguez y Baena
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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13
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Yan W, Zhou X, Song C, Luo X, Wang H, Yin P, Wu H, Ye J. Emotional exhaustion and unhealthy eating among COVID-19 front-line healthcare workers during recuperation: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:926395. [PMID: 36091496 PMCID: PMC9453554 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Thousands of healthcare workers on the frontlines who have been battling the COVID-19 pandemic could face emotional and mental health risks even after their critical pandemic work. This study examined the impact of affective rumination on emotional exhaustion and the spillover effect of affective rumination on unhealthy food consumption among healthcare workers during recuperation. Methods A total of 418 frontline healthcare workers from 10 Chinese medical institutions were recruited through random cluster sampling. A linear mixed model in SPSS25.0 was performed for hierarchical regression to analyze the effect of affective rumination on unhealthy food consumption via emotional exhaustion. A conditional process analysis was employed to investigate the moderating role of family support in the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion. Results Front-line healthcare workers scored at a medium level on an emotional exhaustion scale (2.45 ± 0.88). Affective rumination mediated by emotional exhaustion had a significant positive predictive effect on unhealthy food consumption. The indirect effect accounted for ~43.9% of the total effect. Family support amplified the effect of emotional exhaustion on unhealthy food consumption (β = 0.092, p < 0.05). Conclusion Affective rumination could be a cause of emotional exhaustion and unhealthy food consumption. First-line healthcare workers could be screened for possible emotional exhaustion through the evaluation of affective rumination in order to provide them with targeted interventions. Family support did not prove to be beneficial in all cases as it enhanced the positive effect of emotional exhaustion on unhealthy eating in the current study. Therefore, family support should be carefully integrated in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiping Song
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Luo
- Department of Medical Administration, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Development and Planning Department, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengpeng Yin
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Hao Wu
| | - Junying Ye
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Junying Ye
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14
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Devaraj DK, Hussain Alikunju SK, Murugesan M. Assessment of biological risk among dentists during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A cross-sectional study. Indian J Dent Res 2022; 33:267-271. [PMID: 36656186 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_227_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The health and life of a healthcare worker are repeatedly under threat due to the rising number of epidemics and pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic is said to be fatal in people with a risky biological, demographic profile and working environment. This study is the first of its kind carried out on the dentist population from India, who were most affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aims and Objective The present study aims to assess the biological risk of dentists based on the objective risk stratification (ORS) tool developed by Strain et al. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study of dentists in government dental colleges of Kerala using the online form of the ORS tool consisting of questions which included certain demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions of the individual. An additional question was added to the tool, to categorise the work of the dentist depending on the exposure to aerosol (non-aerosol, minimal aerosol and aerosol). Results Out of the 74 dentists, 48.6% reported high aerosol and 31% with minimal aerosol. The median score of the study participants was 2 (ranging from 1 to 12). Using the ORS tool, 16.2% had medium risk and only 2.7% had high risk. When the ORS tool was stratified with the aerosol generation, 5.4% had minimal and 6.7% had significant with medium-risk scores. Also, 2.7% with a high-risk score had minimal aerosol generation. Conclusion Identifying the high-risk category to allocate duties accordingly and decrease the morbidity and mortality among dentists has to be kept a top priority in the event of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya K Devaraj
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Mohandoss Murugesan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery, Kerala, India
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15
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Wang H, Zhou X, Song C, Yin P, Shi R, Zhang H, Dan Y, Wu H, Ye J. The effect of hindrance stressors on the emotional exhaustion among front-line healthcare workers in the recuperation period during the COVID-19 epidemic in China: a prospective cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049191. [PMID: 35738647 PMCID: PMC9226461 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the influence and conditioning process of hindrance stressors on the emotional exhaustion of the front-line healthcare workers during recuperation, examine the potential mediating process of rumination, and explore the moderating role of organisational and family factors. SETTING This cross-sectional study was conducted during 12-20 July 2020. Total 418 questionnaires were collected from front-line healthcare workers by random cluster sampling. Hierarchical regression was performed to analyse the mediating effect of affective rumination using SPSS25.0, while PROCESS was used to further investigate the moderating role of servant leadership and family support. PARTICIPANTS 418 healthcare workers were investigated randomly from front-line medical teams. Inclusion criteria included worked as front-line health workers and participated in the fight against COVID-19 in Hubei; age ≥18 years; normal cognitive and comprehension abilities under physical and mental health; volunteer to participate in this study. Exclusion criteria included recently affected by major events other than COVID-19 or those with a history of neurasthenia and trauma. RESULTS Using descriptive analysis of average value and SD measured by a five-item scale (MBI-GS), we found that front-line healthcare workers' emotional exhaustion score (2.45±0.88) was at the medium level. Hindrance stressors, mediated by affective rumination, had a significant positive predictive effect on emotional exhaustion. Servant leadership negatively moderated the direct effect of hindrance stressors on emotional exhaustion (β=-0.106, p<0.01). Family support positively moderated the impact of hindrance stressors on emotional exhaustion (β=0.082, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS During the recuperation period, after successfully controlling COVID-19 at the front line, the first-line healthcare workers should be screened through affective rumination evaluation to gain insight for targeted interventions. We find that servant leadership is beneficial in alleviating emotional exhaustion while family support worsens emotional exhaustion. We suggest that servant leadership should be further promoted in medical organisations, and family support should be applied correctly and cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Development and Planning Department, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Caiping Song
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengpeng Yin
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Hua Zhang
- Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Dan
- Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junying Ye
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Efeoğlu İE, Kılınçarslan Ö. Pandemic experiences of family physicians infected with the COVID-19: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052955. [PMID: 35365518 PMCID: PMC8977460 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Family physicians are usually patients' first point of contact with primary healthcare. This study aims to understand the experiences of family physicians who were infected with the COVID-19 and started working again. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This qualitative study was conducted on 18 different family health centres in Adana. Data collection was performed through 18 interviews, each lasting an average of 46.6 min. The data were analysed using the qualitative content analysis method. PARTICIPANTS The study included 18 family physicians (9 women and 9 men), and there were no significant differences between them by gender or seniority. RESULTS The results of the study have shown that family physicians who were infected with the COVID-19 and started working again have experienced high levels of anxiety at work. In addition, due to the fear of being reinfected, family physicians' social relations with their colleagues have decreased. The results are discussed under two themes: anxieties and social relationships. CONCLUSION In primary healthcare services, family physicians play a vital role during the pandemic. Many family physicians either lost their lives or got infected with the virus, recovered and worked in difficult conditions for a long time. Understanding the experiences of family physicians during the pandemic when they underwent COVID-19 and after they recovered could help to protect their psychological health and improve their work conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Efe Efeoğlu
- Business Administration, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ömür Kılınçarslan
- Business Administration, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
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17
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SARS-CoV-2 IgG Among Dental Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int Dent J 2022; 72:353-359. [PMID: 35249702 PMCID: PMC8828433 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Since the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in 2019, special safety protocols have been introduced in dentistry. Dental professionals were determined to be mostly at risk for contracting the virus due to aerosol-generating procedures used. This preliminary study starts the cycle of the laboratory protocols describing the quality and efficacy of laboratory tests in the SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection in the serum of asymptomatic dental personnel during the last quarter of 2020. Methods IgG levels were measured with the use of a semi-quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in vitro diagnostic kit in the serum of a study group that consisted of 127 employees of the dental clinic divided into 3 subgroups: SUB1: dentists (n = 67); SUB2: dental assistants, dental hygienists, nurses, laboratory workers (n = 40); SUB3: administrative workers (n = 20). Pearson analysis of results from the questionnaires attached to the study protocol were provided to assure that the results compare to the participants’ impressions about their general health. Results Positive ELISA IgG results were found in 6% (n = 4) of the SUB1 group, 7.50% (n =3) of the SUB2 group, and 5% of the SUB3 group. The percentage of participants without work interruption from the beginning of the pandemic was 54% of dentists and 60% of chairside assistants. Conclusions Serum IgG prevalence with the use of a semi-quantitative test was low, and further research on the biobanked samples should follow to determine the levels of IgG with quantitative methods and/or to evaluate the presence of neutralising antibodies in dental personnel. Because of the low representation of seropositivity studies in this group, it will be crucial to confirm the risk of COVID-19 transmission in dental offices.
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18
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Mendoza-Saldaña JD, Viton-Rubio JE, Guzman-Carrasco SB, Pacheco-Barrios NV, Lainez-Casal CR. Characteristics and outcomes from COVID-19 among Peruvian physicians: a nationwide register-based study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:697-701. [PMID: 34872467 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.2011694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The healthcare workforce has played an integral role in fighting COVID-19 and continues to do so despite the continuous adverse outcomes. To address this issue, official public data concerning COVID-19 cases and deaths of Peruvian physicians was used to quantify the risk of death and infection by SARS-CoV-2. 20.9% Peruvian physicians were infected and 0.7% died, with the male general practitioners being the most affected group within the workforce. Notably, the Loreto region was disproportionately affected and had the highest cumulative incidence, mortality and case fatality rate. Ultimately, this identified risk group needs to be supported with sufficient resources/tools such as personal protective equipment, training, access to health care, vaccination, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Diego Mendoza-Saldaña
- School of Medicine Alberto Hurtado, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- High Altitude Research Institute, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- Mental Health Working Group, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- TBout Volunteering and Working Group, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
| | - José Enrique Viton-Rubio
- School of Medicine Alberto Hurtado, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- High Altitude Research Institute, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- Mental Health Working Group, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- TBout Volunteering and Working Group, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
| | - Susana Brissvany Guzman-Carrasco
- School of Medicine Alberto Hurtado, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
- TBout Volunteering and Working Group, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
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Golechha M, Bohra T, Patel M, Khetrapal S. Healthcare worker resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of primary care providers in India. WORLD MEDICAL & HEALTH POLICY 2021; 14:6-18. [PMID: 34909242 PMCID: PMC8662083 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Since 2020, the world saw a myriad of creative health‐care policy responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This article studied the experience of rural primary care providers (PCPs) in India deputized for COVID‐19 care in urban areas. In‐depth interviews were conducted with PCPs (n = 19), who served at COVID‐19 facilities. Lack of epidemic management and intensive tertiary care experience, limited and inadequate training, and fear of infection emerged as the primary sources of distress, in addition to absent systemic mental health support and formalized recognition. Even so, resilience among the respondents emerged as a result of encouragement from their families, peers, and mentors through various means including social media, and from individual recognition from communities and local governments. Rural PCPs expressed an eagerness to serve at the frontlines of COVID‐19 and demonstrated indomitable spirit in the face of an acutely understaffed health system, growing uncertainty, and concerns about personal and family health. It is imperative to reconfigure health‐care education and continuing professional development, and equip all health‐care professionals with mental health support and the ability to deal with public health emergencies and build a more resilient health workforce. COVID‐19 revealed several gaps in the public health emergency response and the overall health system in India. Building healthcare worker resilience is essential to ensure good quality patient care and a strong system. There is a need for a formal framework to build individual and organisational resilience in the Indian health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahaveer Golechha
- Health Systems and Health Policy Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Tasneem Bohra
- Health Systems and Health Policy Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Mehul Patel
- Department of Health and Family Welfare Government of Gujarat Gujarat India
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20
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Seluch M, Volchansky M, Safronov R. Dependence of emotional burnout on personality typology in the COVID-19 pandemic. Work 2021; 70:713-721. [PMID: 34719460 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of emotional burnout syndrome among nurses working under extremely stressful conditions has become particularly acute. It is therefore necessary to examine the characteristics of emotional burnout syndrome in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic to develop effective measures to prevent and enhance their mental health. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to establish the features of emotional burnout syndrome and its connection with typological characteristics of the personality in nurses working with COVID-19 patients. METHODS A total of 120 female nurses who worked with COVID-19 patients were surveyed, of whom 60 (50.0%) worked in outpatient settings along with general practitioners and 60 (50.0%) worked in the intensive care unit. The average age of the participants was 40.86±3.20 years, and the average length of medical service was 13.64±1.73 years. RESULTS A burnout syndrome of varying severity was present in 50.0%of outpatient nurses and 73.3%of intensive care nurses (OR = 2.44, 95%CI [1.16-5.16]; p < 0.05). The tension phase predominated in outpatient nurses (53.3%), and the resistance phase was more typical for intensive care nurses (63.3%). CONCLUSIONS The practice of nurses under COVID-19 pandemic conditions is characterized by the high prevalence of emotional burnout syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Seluch
- Amur State University, Blagoveshchensk, RussianFederation
| | | | - Roman Safronov
- I.M. Sechenov FirstMoscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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21
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Siva Ganesa Karthikeyan R, Rameshkumar G, Gowri Priya C, Lalitha P, Devi R, Iswarya M, Ravindran RD. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies among eye care workers in South India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2021; 39:467-472. [PMID: 34253410 PMCID: PMC8270789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Health care workers are at higher risk of acquiring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aims to understand the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among the eye care workers in South India. METHODS The participants included eye care workers from the nine eye care centres. All the participants were interviewed with a questionnaire to obtain essential information about socio-demographics, past contact with COVID-19 patients and additional information as recommended by Indian Council of Medical Research, India. Serum samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies by ELISA. RESULTS A total of 1313 workers were included and 207 (15.8%) were positive for the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody. The seropositivity was higher in the moderate risk group (19.5%) followed by low (18.6%) and high risk (13.7%) groups. The seropositivity was significantly higher among i) day scholars compared to hostellers (OR - 2.22, 1.56 to 3.15, P < 0.0001), ii) individuals with history of flu-like illness (4.57, 3.08-6.78, P < 0.001) or who were symptomatic or in contact with COVID 19 positive cases (2.2, 1.02-4.75, P - 0.043) and iii) individuals with history of systemic illness (2.11, 1.39-3.21, P < 0.001). Individuals (11.97%) who had no history of contact or any illness were also seropositive. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of the protective measures taken against COVID infection was evident from the lower percentage of seropositivity in the high risk group. The study highlighted the need to create awareness among individuals to follow strict safety measures even in non-work hours and also in social circles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prajna Lalitha
- Department of Ocular Microbiology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
| | - Ramamoorthi Devi
- Department of Biostatistics, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
| | - Mani Iswarya
- Department of Biostatistics, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
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22
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Patel S, Khan S, Aggarwal S, Kumar V, Sharma S, Dhillon MS. The Increased Burden of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients: Comparison of Demographics of Both the Waves of the Pandemic-An Indian Tertiary Center Experience. Indian J Orthop 2021; 56:479-484. [PMID: 34538883 PMCID: PMC8436012 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-021-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second wave of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed new challenges in the management of Orthopedic trauma patients due to the overburdened healthcare facilities and we aim to present the differences in demographics between the first wave and the initial part of the second wave. METHODOLOGY This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of our trauma registry from June 19, 2020 to October 13, 2020 (1st study period) and from April 1, 2021 to the first week of May 2021 (2nd study period). We looked into differences in the following three parameters: (1) infection rate among Orthopaedic patients in the first and second study period of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, (2) infection rate among the Health Care Workers and (3) hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections in admitted Orthopaedic trauma patients. RESULTS 35 out of 852 patients (4.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection in 1st study period as compared to 48 out of 262 patients (18.3%) in the 2nd study period (p < 0.001). 23 HCW's involved in management of Orthopaedic trauma patients tested positive in the second study period compared to none in the first study period. 17 patients had Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2nd study period compared to 7 in 1st study period. There were more asymptomatic patients for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 2nd study period. CONCLUSION Significant increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Orthopaedic trauma patients, and the increased number of HCW's affected with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been the challenges in 2nd study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Patel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sameer Aggarwal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Siddhartha Sharma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mandeep Singh Dhillon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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23
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Shankar PR. Factors influencing the social obligation of doctors. EDUCATION FOR HEALTH (ABINGDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 34:126-127. [PMID: 35488664 DOI: 10.4103/efh.efh_447_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ravi Shankar
- IMU Centre for Education, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Rubbini M, Greco P, Manservigi M, Martinello R, Gasbarro V, Piccolo E, Occhionorelli S, Lacavalla D, Massari L, Caruso G, Caldaria A, Perri P, Salgari N, Cavallesco GN, Anania G, Chiozza M, Carcoforo P, Maruca AM, Cavallo MA, Scerrati A, Capone G, Feo CV, Fabbri N, Fazzin M, Forini ME. Impact of Covid-19 on surgical activities and personnel: lessons for the future. Minerva Surg 2021; 77:14-21. [PMID: 34338460 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.21.08919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 pandemic has impacted professional, economic and social activities. In the surgical field, it has brought changes to operating activities, the organization of workforces, the protection measures for patients and personnel against possible intraoperative transmissions as well as training young surgeons. This study intends to assess the extent of this impact in our institution. METHODS The patients operated on in nine Operating Units(OUs) in the period February 1 - March 31 2020 with follow-ups on April 30 2020 were evaluated both retrospectively and prospectively. Organizational, clinical and impact parameters on staff were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 833 consecutive admitted patients, 742 were operated on ,705 of whom were recruited for the study. Compared to the same period in 2019 there was a decrease in the number of operations (742 compared to 1187), similar use of intensive care unit (ICU), a diagnostic activity only for symptomatic patients, heterogeneity in organizational behaviors, an impact on staff who highlighted concerns about getting sick or passing the infection on to others (87.64%) or their family members (75.14%). CONCLUSIONS The study made it possible to detect the need to make significant changes in the clinical, organizational and teaching fields, for which some operational proposals are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Rubbini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy -
| | - Pantaleo Greco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Margherita Manservigi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ruby Martinello
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gasbarro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Piccolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Savino Occhionorelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,S.S.d. Emergency Surgery, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Lacavalla
- S.S.d. Emergency Surgery, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Leo Massari
- Department of biomedical and surgical sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caruso
- Department of biomedical and surgical sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Caldaria
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Perri
- Department of biomedical and surgical sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Ophthalmology Clinic, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Niccolò Salgari
- Ophthalmology Clinic, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio N Cavallesco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Unit 1, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gabriele Anania
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Unit 1, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiozza
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Unit 1, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Carcoforo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Unit 2, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto M Maruca
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Surgery Unit 2, St. Anna University Hospital Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele A Cavallo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Neurosurgical Unit, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alba Scerrati
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Neurosurgical Unit, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gennaro Capone
- Neurosurgical Unit, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo V Feo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Provincial General Surgery Unit, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicolò Fabbri
- Provincial General Surgery Unit, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Fazzin
- Provincial General Surgery Unit, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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25
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Zdziarski K, Landowski M, Zabielska P, Karakiewicz B. Subjective Feelings of Polish Doctors after Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6291. [PMID: 34200710 PMCID: PMC8296108 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused enormous confusion around the world in our daily existence. The security measures taken, such as physical distance, wearing a mask, quarantine or closing shopping malls, and even isolating large groups of the population, did not contribute to the complete overcoming of the problem. Information on the positive results of research into the COVID-19 vaccine and, finally, its administration offered hope that the pandemic would be overcome. The undertaken problem of research concerning the subjective analysis of the feelings of doctors in Poland after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine shows an important area of the medical world, which is directly responsible for their own health and the patients entrusted to them. In addition, 149 people participated in the study (8-13 February 2021), including 57% of women and 43% of men. The minimum and maximum age of the respondents are 26 and 69 years old. Furthermore, 85% of respondents took two doses of the vaccine and 15% took one. The authorial questionnaire was completed by the participants in the study online in February 2021. The results obtained indicate that the COVID-19 vaccine generates hope for stopping the pandemic. In addition, 96% of research participants think so. Doctors in middle and mature age are the most optimistic, while the youngest ones are less optimistic. In addition, 57% of respondents do not worry about side effects after taking the vaccine. Fear at the time of vaccination was experienced by over 9% of doctors. The most frequently reported post-vaccination reactions are injection site pain, fatigue and headache. Increased temperature occurred in older female respondents. From a psychosocial perspective, men are more likely to fear being infected personally with the virus, and women are more likely to be infected with their loved ones. The presented subjective assessment presents the physicians' view captured at the moment in terms of existential and emotional. The presented feelings of the research participants reflect their personal satisfaction, responsibility for their own health, care for their relatives and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Zdziarski
- Subdepartment of Social Medicine and Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Landowski
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Maritime University of Szczecin, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paulina Zabielska
- Subdepartment of Social Medicine and Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Karakiewicz
- Subdepartment of Social Medicine and Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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26
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Punsalan MLD. Give what is due: the need to prioritize healthcare workers in response to COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:e283-e284. [PMID: 33442729 PMCID: PMC7928795 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent correspondence published in this journal, the need to prioritize healthcare workers by the government must be considered. Various negative effects were seen from non-prioritization of healthcare workers. With this, healthcare workers heed distress calls affecting their physical and mental well-being. If prioritization is given and initiatives are done, the needs of healthcare workers will be sufficed so that they will be working at maximum to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairre Louie D Punsalan
- Pharmacy Department, College of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel, City of San Fernando, Pampanga 2000, Philippines
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27
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Aloweidi A, Bsisu I, Suleiman A, Abu-Halaweh S, Almustafa M, Aqel M, Amro A, Radwan N, Assaf D, Abdullah MZ, Albataineh M, Mahasneh A, Badaineh A, Obeidat H. Hesitancy towards COVID-19 Vaccines: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5111. [PMID: 34065888 PMCID: PMC8151245 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most promising strategy to counter the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine hesitancy is a serious global phenomenon, and therefore the aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the effect of educational background, work field, and social media on attitudes towards vaccination in Jordan. We compared between medical personnel who were in direct contact with patients and non-medical individuals at Jordan University Hospital in terms of demographics, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, rumors received via social media, their trust in these vaccines, and the encouraging factors for vaccination. 646 individuals were enrolled in this study, of which 287 (44.4%) were from medical field, and 359 (55.6%) from non-medical field. 226 (35%) were planning to take the vaccine once available, with a positive response from 131 (45.6%) medical field workers, compared to 94 (26.2%) non-medical individuals (p < 0.001). The social media rumor that was believed the most was the unsafety of these vaccines (n = 283; 43.8%). Only 163 (56.8%) of medical persons did not believe any of the circulated rumors, compared to 126 (35.1%) of non-medical persons (p < 0.001). The effect of medical personnel advice (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.98; p = 0.026) and social media (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.41; p = 0.012) were significantly associated with the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine once available. In conclusion, medical personnel and social media play a crucial role in increasing the society's inclination towards vaccination by providing the community with updated evidence-based information about COVID-19 vaccines as an efficient medical countermeasure and by correcting the previously spread misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkarim Aloweidi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Isam Bsisu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Aiman Suleiman
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Sami Abu-Halaweh
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Mahmoud Almustafa
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Mohammad Aqel
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Aous Amro
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Neveen Radwan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Dima Assaf
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Malak Ziyad Abdullah
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Malak Albataineh
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Aya Mahasneh
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (A.A.); (S.A.-H.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (N.R.); (D.A.); Black-diamond-8-@hotmail.com (M.Z.A.); (M.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Ala’a Badaineh
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman 11947, Jordan;
| | - Hala Obeidat
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan;
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28
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Sahin B, Hanalioglu S. The Continuing Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Neurosurgical Training at the 1-Year Mark: Results of a Nationwide Survey of Neurosurgery Residents in Turkey. World Neurosurg 2021; 151:e857-e870. [PMID: 33974985 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.04.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant transformation in medical practice and training. This nationwide survey study aims to evaluate the 1-year impact of the pandemic on training of neurosurgical residents. METHODS A 38-question Web-based survey was sent to 356 neurosurgery residents. Two hundred and thirty-five participated in the study (66% response rate), representing more than half of all neurosurgical residents in the country. RESULTS Assignment to direct COVID-19 medical care was common (85.5%). Many of the neurosurgery residents (37.9%) were tested positive for COVID-19. Almost half of the respondents reported a decrease in work hours. Most participants (84.3%) reported a decline in total operative case volume (mean change, -29.1% ± 1.6%), largely as a result of a decrease in elective (-33.2% ± 1.6%) as opposed to emergency cases (-5.1% ± 1.8%). For theoretic education, most respondents (54.9%) indicated a negative impact, whereas 25.1% reported a positive impact. For practical training, most respondents (78.7%) reported an adverse effect. A decrease in elective surgical case volume predicted a positive impact on theoretic training but a negative impact on practical training. Research productivity was reported by 33.2% to have decreased and by 23% to have increased. Forty-two percent indicated an increase in concerns about their training and career, with a negative impact on practical training being the most important predictor. Most (57.4%) had considered extending residency training to overcome negative effects of the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has had a significant impact on neurosurgical practice and training. Effective measures should be used to mitigate these effects and better prepare for the future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkan Sahin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sahin Hanalioglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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29
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Alvarado-Socarras JL, Vesga-Varela AL, Quintero-Lesmes DC, Fama-Pereira MM, Serrano-Diaz NC, Vasco M, Carballo-Zarate V, Zambrano LI, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Perception of COVID-19 Vaccination Amongst Physicians in Colombia. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:287. [PMID: 33808918 PMCID: PMC8003713 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has triggered the need to develop rapidly effective and safe vaccines to prevent infection, particularly in those at-risk populations such as medical personnel. This study's objective was to assess the perception of COVID-19 vaccination amongst Colombian physicians featuring two different scenarios of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out through an online survey directed at medical staff in several cities in Colombia. The percentage of physicians who have a positive perception to be vaccinated and the associated factors that determine that decision were determined. A binomial regression analysis adjusted for age and sex was carried out, taking as a dependent variable the acceptance of free vaccination with an effectiveness of 60 and 80%. The most significant factors were determined in the non-acceptance of vaccination. Results: Between 77.0% and 90.7% of physicians in Colombia accept COVID-19 vaccination, according to the scenario evaluated where the vaccine's effectiveness was 60 or 80%, respectively. Medical specialty, having never paid for a vaccine, recommending the administration of the vaccine to their parents or people over 70 years, and dispensing the vaccine to their children, were the factors to consider to be vaccinated for free with an effectiveness of 60% and 80%. Conclusions: There is a high perception of the intention to vaccinate physicians in Colombia against COVID-19, and this is very similar to that of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Alvarado-Socarras
- Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Calle 155A No. 23–58, Floridablanca 681003, Colombia; (J.L.A.-S.); (D.C.Q.-L.); (N.C.S.-D.)
| | | | - Doris Cristina Quintero-Lesmes
- Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Calle 155A No. 23–58, Floridablanca 681003, Colombia; (J.L.A.-S.); (D.C.Q.-L.); (N.C.S.-D.)
| | - Marcela M. Fama-Pereira
- Hospital Departamental del Quindio, San Juan de Dios, Universidad del Quindio, Armenia, Quindio 630004, Colombia;
| | - Norma C. Serrano-Diaz
- Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Calle 155A No. 23–58, Floridablanca 681003, Colombia; (J.L.A.-S.); (D.C.Q.-L.); (N.C.S.-D.)
| | - Mauricio Vasco
- Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Bogotá 110911, Colombia;
| | | | - Lysien I. Zambrano
- Unit of Scientific Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia;
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia;
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
- Institutode Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB/Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Barquisimeto 3001, Venezuela
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia;
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia
- School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba 4780, Bolivia
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30
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ICU Bed Utilization During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Multistate Analysis-March to June 2020. Crit Care Explor 2021; 3:e0361. [PMID: 33786437 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Given finite ICU bed capacity, knowledge of ICU bed utilization during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is critical to ensure future strategies for resource allocation and utilization. We sought to examine ICU census trends in relation to ICU bed capacity during the rapid increase in severe coronavirus disease 2019 cases early during the pandemic. Design Observational cohort study. Setting Thirteen geographically dispersed academic medical centers in the United States. Patients/Subjects We obtained daily ICU censuses from March 26 to June 30, 2020, as well as prepandemic ICU bed capacities. The primary outcome was daily census of ICU patients stratified by coronavirus disease 2019 and mechanical ventilation status in relation to ICU capacity. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Prepandemic overall ICU capacity ranged from 62 to 225 beds (median 109). During the study period, the median daily coronavirus disease 2019 ICU census per hospital ranged from 1 to 84 patients, and the daily ICU census exceeded overall ICU capacity for at least 1 day at five institutions. The number of critically ill patients exceeded ICU capacity for a median (interquartile range) of 17 (12-50) of 97 days at these five sites. All 13 institutions experienced decreases in their noncoronavirus disease ICU population, whereas local coronavirus disease 2019 cases increased. Coronavirus disease 2019 patients reached their greatest proportion of ICU capacity on April 12, 2020, when they accounted for 44% of ICU patients across all participating hospitals. Maximum ICU census ranged from 52% to 289% of overall ICU capacity, with three sites less than 80%, four sites 80-100%, five sites 100-128%, and one site 289%. Conclusions From March to June 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic led to ICU censuses greater than ICU bed capacity at fives of 13 institutions evaluated. These findings demonstrate the short-term adaptability of U.S. healthcare institutions in redirecting limited resources to accommodate a public health emergency.
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31
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Attitude and Behaviors towards SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination among Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Poland. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030218. [PMID: 33806641 PMCID: PMC8000513 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers are particularly exposed to biological risk during their daily occupational activities. Nowadays, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become one of the most widespread infectious agents. In the current study, we performed a survey on the attitude and behavior of Polish healthcare workers (HCW), which comprise physicians (MD) and administrative healthcare assistants (HA) towards the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Our study involved 2300 subjects (42.17% female; 10.96% MD; 5.87% HA). The evaluation was conducted using a Google Forms survey based on original questions and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items questionnaire. HCW significantly more often demonstrated their willingness to get vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 as compared to the control group (82.95% vs. 54.31%, respectively). The main concern, as regards all groups, was the development of long-term side effects after getting COVID-19 vaccine. The study revealed that depression significantly affects the willingness to get vaccinated. The readiness was significantly strengthened by positive medical history of recommended vaccinations, fear of catching COVID-19, as well as fear of passing on the disease to the relatives. Overall, the percentage of HCW, who want to be vaccinated against COVID-19 remains unsatisfactory. Further works exploring this subject are needed to take a step closer to achieving the herd immunity in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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32
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Al Demour S, Ababneh MA, Al-Taher RN, Alrabadi AF, Jaradat AF, Abushamma FA, Al-Hadidi FA, Al-Rawashdeh BM, Ihmeidan MA, Abubaker AK, Al-Zubi MT. Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude Toward COVID-19 Among Physicians in Jordan and Palestine: Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:77-87. [PMID: 33469347 PMCID: PMC7812038 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s294221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease threatening the world with a rapid increase in cases and deaths since it was first identified in December 2019. Adequate knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KPA) toward COVID-19 among physicians at the frontline defense against the COVID-19 pandemic may enhance their ability to avoid the risk of self-infection, decrease mortality, and provide adequate medical care service in this pandemic. This study aimed to assess KPA toward COVID-19 among physicians in Jordan and Palestine. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using an online survey conducted from 10 April to 26 April 2020 among Jordan and Palestine physicians. Invitations were sent to physician groups on Facebook and WhatsApp. This survey contains 36-items, divided into four main sections to assess the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice, and attitude about COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 454 physicians participated in this study. The mean score of basic knowledge was 4.4 ± 0.8 (range 2-4). There were significant differences between basic knowledge mean scores among physicians in different professional degrees and physicians in various health sectors (P=0.0315, P=0.0137, respectively). The mean scores of self-protection measures, were 6.1 ± 1.1 (range 3-7) and measures if physician self-suspected of COVID-19 were 9.9± 1.1 (range 5-11). The mean score of attitudes toward COVID-19 was 41.5 ± 3.3 (range 21-45) and significantly related to the age and different experience years (P=0.0022, P=0.0077, respectively). CONCLUSION As the global threat of COVID-19 continues to emerge, physicians from Jordan and Palestine showed adequate KPA toward COVID-19. There was a significant difference in knowledge level and attitude between physicians. Policymakers and physicians should keep continuous educational activities, training, and follow-up updates during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Al Demour
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Mera A Ababneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Irbid22110, Jordan
| | - Raed N Al-Taher
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Adel F Alrabadi
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad F Jaradat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Department of Urology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus44833, Palestine
| | - Faris A Abushamma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Department of Urology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Fadi A Al-Hadidi
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Baeth M Al-Rawashdeh
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Ihmeidan
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad K Abubaker
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad T Al-Zubi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid21163, Jordan
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Jain V, Iyengar K, Ish P, Vaishya R. Impact of second wave of COVID-19 on health care workers in India. APOLLO MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/am.am_45_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Duggal M, Dahiya N, Kankaria A, Chaudhary M, Bachani D. Restructuring the Healthcare System to Protect Healthcare Personnel Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2020; 8:588203. [PMID: 33363085 PMCID: PMC7759646 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.588203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Duggal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Dahiya
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Kankaria
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda (AIIMS Bathinda), Bhatinda, India
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Iyengar KP, Jain VK, Vaishya R. Medical doctors in India are on strike: a moral and national conundrum. Postgrad Med J 2020; 98:313-314. [PMID: 33234705 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay Kumar Jain
- Orthopaedics, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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36
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Guha S, Karak A, Choudhury B, Yadav G, Yadav R. COVID 19 pandemic: Its impact on cardiovascular training and care. Indian Heart J 2020; 72:473-476. [PMID: 33357633 PMCID: PMC7772603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Guha
- Department of Cardiology, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Avik Karak
- Department of Cardiology, Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Yadav
- Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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