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Liu TT, Hou N. Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties of B(III)-Submonoazaporphyrin-π-Diimide Compounds: A Density Functional Theory Study. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400035. [PMID: 38558323 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Three hypothetical complexes were designed using diimides (PMDI, NTCDI, and PTCDI) as the acceptor unit and B(III)-submonoazaporphyrin (1) as the donor unit. These complexes have smaller HOMO-LUMO energy gaps (3.39-3.96 eV) than pristine 1 (6.61 eV). Further, the energy gap can be tuned by changing the number of benzene rings of these diimides. Remarkably, these proposed complexes possess considerable first hyperpolarizabilities (β0) (4865-6921 a.u.), and the regularity of the β0 values remained the same in the gas phase and toluene solvent conditions. There is an inverse relationship between the energy gap and the polarizability/first hyperpolarizability. In addition, absorption spectra, frontier molecular orbitals, and hole electron distributions were obtained using time-dependent density functional theory calculations to emphasize the relationship between structure and properties. Ultraviolet-Visible absorption spectra reveals that all complexes show satisfying IR working regions. Further analysis of the first hyperpolarizability density reveals the nature of the excellent NLO properties of the studied systems. This study can provide valuable insights for the development of potential high-performance NLO molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Na Hou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
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Kelbysheva ES, Ezernitskaya MG, Aysin RR, Strelkova TV, Rodionov AN, Telegina LN. Optical and Electrochemical Properties of a Photosensitive Pyromellitic Diimide Derivative of Cymantrene. Molecules 2023; 28:7098. [PMID: 37894576 PMCID: PMC10608918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photochemical properties of symmetrical pyromellitic diimide containing two cymantrenyl fragments at two nitrogen atoms were studied with IR, NMR, UV-vis, ESI-MS, and cyclic voltammetry. It was found that new unstable chelates are formed during photolysis. At the same time, the CO ligand dissociates from two Mn(CO)3 fragments during photoexcitation, which dramatically changes the electronic and redox properties of the molecule compared to the cymantrene derivative containing one imide fragment. Photolysis leads to a color change from light yellow to green. DFT calculations confirmed the possibility of the formation of complexes due to the loss of one or two CO ligands from manganese atoms. The results obtained with variation of photolysis conditions demonstrated the hemilabile character of the Mn-O=C(imide) bond. On addition of external ligands, the color and electrochemical properties changed, which is promising for the use of this complex as a sensor for small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S. Kelbysheva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia; (M.G.E.); (R.R.A.); (T.V.S.); (A.N.R.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lyudmila N. Telegina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russia; (M.G.E.); (R.R.A.); (T.V.S.); (A.N.R.)
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Frizon TEA, Salla CAM, Grillo F, Rodembusch FS, Câmara VS, Silva HC, Zapp E, Junca E, Galetto FZ, de Costa AM, Pedroso GJ, Chepluki AA, Saba S, Rafique J. ESIPT-based benzazole-pyromellitic diimide derivatives. A thermal, electrochemical, and photochemical investigation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122050. [PMID: 36495682 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis of new pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) derivatives obtained in good yields from the reaction between pyromellitic dianhydride and aminobenzazoles reactive to proton-transfer in the excited state (ESIPT). In this investigation, a non-ESIPT PMDI was also prepared for comparison. These compounds presented absorption maxima in the ultraviolet region attributed to the allowed 1π-π* electronic transitions. Redshifted absorptions were observed for the ESIPT compounds (3b-3c) due to their π-extended conjugation if compared to the non-ESIPT dye (3a). The compounds presented fluorescence emissions between 300 and 600 nm, dependent on the solvent polarity and their chemical structures. While compound 3a presents a single emission, a dual fluorescence could be observed for compounds 3b-3c. As expected for ESIPT compounds, the emission at higher energies could be related to the excited enol conformer (E*), and the emission with a large Stokes shift was attributed to the keto tautomer (K*). All compounds presented fluorescence emission in the solid state, whereas the ESIPT derivatives presented redshifted emissions with a large Stokes shift, as expected. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of these compounds. The HOMO and LUMO energy levels were estimated at -5.40 to -5.00 eV and -2.84 to -2.62 eV, and good thermal stability (Td > 150 °C) was observed. Quantum chemical calculationsusingTD-DFT and DFT were performed to investigate the electronic and photophysical features of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago E A Frizon
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil.
| | - Cristian A M Salla
- Physics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Grillo
- Department of Materials and Metallurgy, Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Fabiano S Rodembusch
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Viktor S Câmara
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique C Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zapp
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Junca
- University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fábio Z Galetto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Angélica M de Costa
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela J Pedroso
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Antonio A Chepluki
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Sumbal Saba
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jamal Rafique
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Bisht B, Imandi V, Pant S, Sen A. Solvent-Dependent Spectral Properties in Diverse Solvents, Light Harvesting and Antiviral Properties of Mono-Azo Dye (Direct Yellow-27): A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOPHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2737416521500368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have discussed for the first time a detailed electronic absorption study of the mono-azo dye Direct Yellow 27 [C[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]N4Na2O9S3] (DY-27) with five different homogeneous media by applying experimental and theoretical techniques along with some new characteristics of DY-27 in the field of solar cells as well as antiviral activities. A clear absorption band in the UV-visible region was observed, although the absorption maxima lie in the visible region. The electronic absorption transitions observed in our study were fully spin and symmetry allowed transitions with [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] character. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) analysis has been done for understanding the electronic and the charge transfer performance. Moreover, the impacts of polar protic and polar aprotic solvents in the structural variation of DY-27 have been reported here. Further, applications of the dye in the field of solar cell, as well as antiviral activity, were performed using molecular modeling approaches. The dye exhibited a D–[Formula: see text]–A–A structure with a high light-harvesting efficiency (LHE) and good injection efficiency acts as an effective dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Molecular docking studies of the dye DY-27 performed with M-protease of the different corona viruses, MERS, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 indicated comparable binding energies with the controlled inhibitors and best interactions are observed for the SARS-CoV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Bisht
- Photophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Centre of Advance Study, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263002, India
| | - Venkataramana Imandi
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics School of Computational & Integrative Sciences (SCIS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Pant
- Photophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Centre of Advance Study, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263002, India
| | - Anik Sen
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
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Rafique J, Farias G, Saba S, Zapp E, Bellettini IC, Momoli Salla CA, Bechtold IH, Scheide MR, Santos Neto JS, Monteiro de Souza Junior D, de Campos Braga H, Ribeiro LFB, Gastaldon F, Pich CT, Frizon TEA. Selenylated-oxadiazoles as promising DNA intercalators: Synthesis, electronic structure, DNA interaction and cleavage. DYES AND PIGMENTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2020; 180:108519. [PMID: 32382200 PMCID: PMC7204724 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2020.108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of selenylated-oxadiazoles were prepared and their interaction with DNA was investigated. The photophysical studies showed that all the selenylated compounds presented absorption between 270 and 329 nm, assigned to combined n→π* and π→π* transitions, and an intense blue emission (325-380 nm) with quantum yield in the range of Φ F = 0.1-0.4. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were also performed to study the likely geometry and the excited state of these compounds. Electrochemical studies revealed the ionization potential energies (-5.13 to -6.01 eV) and electron affinity energies (-2.25 to -2.83 eV), depending directly on the electronic effect (electron-donating or electron-withdrawing) of the substituent attached to the product. Finally, the UV-Vis DNA interaction experiments indicated that the compounds can interact with the DNA molecule due to intercalation, except for 3g (which interacted via electrostatic interaction). Plasmid cleavage assay presented positive results only for 3f that presented the strongest interaction results. These results made the tested selenylated-oxadiazoles as suitable structures for the development of drugs and the design of structurally-related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Rafique
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Corresponding author.;
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sumbal Saba
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences-CCNH, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Corresponding author.;
| | - Eduardo Zapp
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hugo de Campos Braga
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Francine Gastaldon
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Claus Tröger Pich
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Tiago Elias Allievi Frizon
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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Frizon TEA, Vieira AA, da Silva FN, Saba S, Farias G, de Souza B, Zapp E, Lôpo MN, Braga HDC, Grillo F, Curcio SF, Cazati T, Rafique J. Synthesis of 2,1,3-Benzoxadiazole Derivatives as New Fluorophores-Combined Experimental, Optical, Electro, and Theoretical Study. Front Chem 2020; 8:360. [PMID: 32478032 PMCID: PMC7235381 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of fluorophores containing a 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole unit associated with a π-conjugated system (D-π-A-π-D). These new fluorophores in solution exhibited an absorption maximum at around ~419 nm (visible region), as expected for electronic transitions of the π-π* type (ε ~2.7 × 107 L mol-1 cm-1), and strong solvent-dependent fluorescence emission (ΦFL ~0.5) located in the bluish-green region. The Stokes' shift of these compounds is ca. 3,779 cm-1, which was attributed to an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state. In CHCl3 solution, the compounds exhibited longer and shorter lifetimes, which was attributed to the emission of monomeric and aggregated molecules, respectively. Density functional theory was used to model the electronic structure of the compounds 9a-d in their excited and ground electronic states. The simulated emission spectra are consistent with the experimental results, with different solvents leading to a shift in the emission peak and the attribution of a π-π* state with the characteristics of a charge transfer excitation. The thermal properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, and a high maximum degradation rate occurred at around 300°C. Electrochemical studies were also performed in order to determine the band gaps of the molecules. The electrochemical band gaps (2.48-2.70 eV) showed strong correlations with the optical band gaps (2.64-2.67 eV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago E. A. Frizon
- Department of Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - André A. Vieira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Sumbal Saba
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences-CCNH, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Bernardo de Souza
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zapp
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Michell N. Lôpo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Hugo de C. Braga
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Felipe Grillo
- Department of Materials and Metallurgy, Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Sergio F. Curcio
- Physics Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cazati
- Physics Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Jamal Rafique
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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