1
|
Southcombe F, Lin F, Krstic S, Sim KA, Dennis S, Lingam R, Denney-Wilson E. Targeted dietary approaches for the management of obesity and severe obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Obes 2023; 13:e12564. [PMID: 36394356 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for a detailed understanding of effective dietary interventions for children with obesity. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of diets of varying energy content as a component of weight treatment in children and adolescents with obesity, severe obesity and obesity-related comorbidity. A systematic search of six databases, from 2000 to 2021, for intervention studies of targeted dietary treatment for obesity in children aged 2-18 years identified 125 studies. Dietary interventions were grouped according to diet type and energy target. Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Healthcare Panacea Project assessment tool. Meta-analysis examined change in body mass index (BMI) at intervention end. A broad array of diet types were effective at reducing BMI in children with obesity. When dietary types were considered by energy target, a gradient effect was observed. Very-low energy diets were most effective with a - 4.40 kg/m2 (n = 3; 95% CI -7.01 to -1.79). While dietary interventions with no specified energy target were ineffective, resulting in a BMI gain of +0.17 kg/m2 (n = 22; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.40). Practical definitions of dietary energy target in the management of obesity and severe obesity are urgently required to ensure treatment seeking children have timely access to efficacious interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faye Southcombe
- Primary and Community Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fang Lin
- Primary and Community Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Slavica Krstic
- Primary and Community Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kyra A Sim
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Dennis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Raghu Lingam
- Population Child Health Research Group, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Denney-Wilson
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taniguchi T, Haslam A, Sun W, Sisk M, Hayman J, Jernigan VBB. Impact of a Farm-to-School Nutrition and Gardening Intervention for Native American Families from the FRESH Study: A Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132601. [PMID: 35807781 PMCID: PMC9268191 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing healthy eating habits during childhood is critical to prevent chronic diseases that develop in adulthood. Tribally owned Early Childhood and Education (ECE) programs signify fundamental influence in childhood obesity disparities. A strategy to improve diet is the use of school gardens; however, few studies have used rigorous methods to assess diet and health outcomes. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe results from the six-month Food Resource Equity for Sustainable Health (FRESH) study among Native American families. We aimed to recruit 176 families of children attending Osage Nation ECE programs in four communities. Two communities received the intervention and two served as wait-list controls. Outcomes included change in dietary intake, body mass index, health status, systolic blood pressure (adults only), and food insecurity in children and parents. There were 193 children (n = 106 intervention; n = 87 control) and 170 adults (n = 93 intervention; n = 77 control) enrolled. Vegetable intake significantly increased in intervention children compared to controls for squash (p = 0.0007) and beans (p = 0.0002). Willingness to try scores increased for beans in intervention children (p = 0.049) and tomatoes in both groups (p = 0.01). FRESH is the first study to implement a farm-to-school intervention in rural, tribally owned ECEs. Future interventions that target healthy dietary intake among children should incorporate a comprehensive parent component in order to support healthy eating for all household members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tori Taniguchi
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alyson Haslam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Rural Health, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
| | - Margaret Sisk
- Osage Nation, Harvest Land, Pawhuska, OK 74056, USA; (M.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jann Hayman
- Osage Nation, Harvest Land, Pawhuska, OK 74056, USA; (M.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan
- Center for Indigenous Health Research and Policy, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arlinghaus KR, O'Connor DP, Ledoux TA, Hughes SO, Johnston CA. Exploratory Decision Trees to Predict Obesity Intervention Response among Hispanic American Youth. Child Obes 2022; 19:194-202. [PMID: 35696237 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Individual variability in weight-related outcomes from obesity intervention is widely acknowledged, yet infrequently addressed. This study takes a first step to address individual variation by determining characteristics that distinguish responsive (improvements in BMI) from unresponsive individuals. Methods: Classification regression tree (CRT) analysis grouped 185 low-income, Hispanic American middle school students who received a school-based obesity intervention. Predictors included baseline age, gender, standardized BMI, health-related quality of life (PedsQL), minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; accelerometry), energy consumption, and dietary quality (Block Kids 2004 Food Frequency Questionnaire). Response regarding weight-related outcomes to the intervention was defined according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines. Six trees were produced, one for 3- and one for 6-month outcomes among all participants, participants with healthy weight status, and participants with overweight/obesity at baseline. Results: The AAP criteria for response were met by 57.3% and 35.1% of participants at 3 and 6 months, respectively. CRT produced six unique trees. Notably, minutes of MVPA appeared twice (the first time at the top of the tree) in most 3-month models. In addition, response at 3 months consistently appeared as the first variable in all the 6-month models. Conclusions: Overall, the number of distinct pathways and the repeated appearance of the same variable within a pathway illustrate the complex, interactive nature of factors predicting an intervention response. Initially unresponsive individuals were unlikely to respond later in the intervention. More complex modeling is needed to better understand how to best predict who will be responsive to interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Arlinghaus
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daniel P O'Connor
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tracey A Ledoux
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- Children's Nutrition Research Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig A Johnston
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davis JN, Pérez A, Asigbee FM, Landry MJ, Vandyousefi S, Ghaddar R, Hoover A, Jeans M, Nikah K, Fischer B, Pont SJ, Richards D, Hoelscher DM, Van Den Berg AE. School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:18. [PMID: 33485354 PMCID: PMC7825209 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (called Texas Sprouts) on dietary intake, obesity outcomes, and blood pressure in elementary school children. METHODS This study was a school-based cluster RCT with 16 elementary schools that were randomly assigned to either the Texas Sprouts intervention (n = 8 schools) or to control (delayed intervention, n = 8 schools). The intervention was one school year long (9 months) and consisted of: a) Garden Leadership Committee formation; b) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; c) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school-year; and d) nine monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received the same protocol as the intervention arm. Child outcomes measured were anthropometrics (i.e., BMI parameters, waist circumference, and body fat percentage via bioelectrical impedance), blood pressure, and dietary intake (i.e., vegetable, fruit, and sugar sweetened beverages) via survey. Data were analyzed with complete cases and with imputations at random. Generalized weighted linear mixed models were used to test the intervention effects and to account for clustering effect of sampling by school. RESULTS A total of 3135 children were enrolled in the study (intervention n = 1412, 45%). Average age was 9.2 years, 64% Hispanic, 47% male, and 69% eligible for free and reduced lunch. The intervention compared to control resulted in increased vegetable intake (+ 0.48 vs. + 0.04 frequency/day, p = 0.02). There were no effects of the intervention compared to control on fruit intake, sugar sweetened beverages, any of the obesity measures or blood pressure. CONCLUSION While this school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking program did not reduce obesity markers or blood pressure, it did result in increased vegetable intake. It is possible that a longer and more sustained effect of increased vegetable intake is needed to lead to reductions in obesity markers and blood pressure. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER NCT02668744 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
| | - Adriana Pérez
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science - The University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Fiona M Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Amy Hoover
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Matthew Jeans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Katie Nikah
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Brian Fischer
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science - The University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Stephen J Pont
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Daphne Richards
- Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Travis County, Austin, USA
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Alexandra E Van Den Berg
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ziaei R, Shahi H, Dastgiri S, Mohammadi R, Viitasara E. Fruit and vegetable intake and its correlates among high-school adolescents in Iran: a cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Two important components of a healthy diet are fruits and vegetables (F&V), which are essential for maintaining physical health. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of F&V intake among high school adolescents in the city of Tabriz.
Methods
The Global School-based Student Health Survey self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection among 1517 adolescents.
Results
The prevalence of fruit intake was 76.1% (≥ 2 times/day) and vegetable intake 23% (≥ 3 times/day). Being at the third level of high school and having sedentary behavior, low intake of vegetables, low or lack of parental support, lack of peer support and lack of enough food at home were significantly associated with low consumption of fruit among students. Also, being overweight or obese and having low intake of fruit, low or lack of peer support, and being physically inactive were significantly associated with low intake of vegetables.
Conclusion
Results suggest that interventions targeting personal, interpersonal and environmental factors for increased F&V consumption should be given more priority by the public health authorities.
Collapse
|
6
|
The Effectiveness of Nutrition Specialists on Pediatric Weight Management Outcomes in Multicomponent Pediatric Weight Management Interventions: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:799-817.e43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Gross AC, Kaizer AM, Kelly AS, Rudser KD, Ryder JR, Borzutzky CR, Santos M, Tucker JM, Yee JK, Fox CK. Long and Short of It: Early Response Predicts Longer-Term Outcomes in Pediatric Weight Management. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:272-279. [PMID: 30677263 PMCID: PMC6352906 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine whether 1-month BMI improvement is predictive of superior 6- and 12-month BMI changes in a national sample of youth in pediatric weight management treatment. METHODS Participants were 4- to 18-year-olds from the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry, a prospective study collecting data from 31 pediatric weight management programs across the United States. Response at 1 month was defined as ≥ 3% BMI reduction; success at 6 and 12 months was defined as ≥ 5% BMI reduction from baseline. Analyses used linear and logistic regression with robust variance estimation. RESULTS Primary analyses were completed with 687 participants (mean age 12.2 years). One-month responders demonstrated significant improvements in BMI compared with nonresponders at 6 months (BMI, -2.05 vs. 0.05; %BMI, -5.81 vs. 0.23; P < 0.001 for all) and 12 months (BMI, -1.87 vs. 0.30; %BMI, -5.04 vs. 1.06; P < 0.001 for all). The odds of success for 1-month responders were 9.64 (95% CI: 5.85-15.87; P < 0.001) times that of nonresponders at 6 months and 5.24 (95% CI: 2.49-11.02; P < 0.001) times that of nonresponders at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS In treatment-seeking youth with obesity, early BMI reduction was significantly associated with greater long-term BMI reduction. Nonresponders may benefit from early treatment redirection or intensification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alexander M Kaizer
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Aaron S Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kyle D Rudser
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Justin R Ryder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Claudia R Borzutzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melissa Santos
- The Pediatric Obesity Center, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jared M Tucker
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer K Yee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, The Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Claudia K Fox
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Henry BW, Ziegler J, Parrott JS, Handu D. Pediatric Weight Management Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines: Components and Contexts of Interventions. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 118:1301-1311.e23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Consumption of fruits and vegetables among adolescents: a multi-national comparison of eleven countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Br J Nutr 2016; 116:1799-1806. [PMID: 27866479 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516003810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A regional cross-country profile of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is lacking in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This study examines the prevalence of and differences in consumption of F&V ≥5 times/d among adolescents in eleven EMR countries, and describes differences in the proportions of taking F&V ≥5 times/d by sex, age and BMI. The study included 26 328 school adolescents (13-15 years) with complete data on consumption of F&V, age, sex, weight and height taken from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in the EMR between 2005 and 2009. Overall, only 19·4 % of adolescents reported consuming F&V ≥5 times/d. The highest prevalence was reported in Djibouti (40·4 %) and the lowest was reported in Pakistan (10·0 %). Statistically significant differences in prevalence were observed across countries (P<0·05). With the exception of Oman, Libya and Djibouti, significantly more males than females ate F&V ≥5 times/d. The proportion of students consuming F&V ≥5 times/d also varied significantly in all countries based on BMI (P<0·0001), with students within normal BMI having the highest frequency. A negative trend was observed between age and intake of F&V ≥5 times/d in most of the eleven EMR countries except Jordan, Djibouti and Morocco. The prevalence of adequate intake of F&V is low in the eleven EMR countries. There is a need for interventions to increase the prevalence of adolescents consuming F&V ≥5 times/d. Interventions should take into consideration the psychosocial, environmental and socio-environmental factors influencing F&V intake within countries.
Collapse
|
10
|
Consumption of fruits and vegetables among adolescents: a multi-national comparison of eleven countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1092-9. [PMID: 26817392 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515005371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Regional cross-country profile of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is lacking in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This study examines the prevalence and differences of consuming F&V ≥5 times/d among adolescents in eleven EMR countries, and also describes differences in the proportions of taking F&V ≥5 times/d by sex, age and BMI. The study included 26 328 school adolescents (13-15 years) with complete data on consumption of F&V, age, sex, weight and height taken from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in the EMR between 2005 and 2009. Overall, only 19·4 % of adolescents reported consuming F&V ≥5 times/d. The highest prevalence was reported in Djibouti (40·4 %) and the lowest was reported in Pakistan (10·0 %). Statistically significant differences in prevalence were observed across countries (P<0·05). With the exception of Oman, Libya and Djibouti, significantly more males than females ate F&V ≥5 times/d. Proportion of students consuming F&V ≥5 times/d also varied significantly in all counties based on BMI (P<0·0001), with students within normal BMI having the highest frequency. A negative trend was observed between age and the prevalence of taking F&V ≥5 times/d in most of the eleven EMR countries but Jordan, Djibouti and Morocco. The prevalence of adequate intake of F&V was low in the eleven EMR countries. There is a need for interventions to increase the prevalence of adolescents consuming F&V ≥5 times/d. Interventions should take into consideration psychosocial, environmental and socio-environmental factors influencing F&V intake within countries.
Collapse
|
11
|
Do weight status and television viewing influence children's subsequent dietary changes? A National Longitudinal Study in the United States. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:931-8. [PMID: 25666531 PMCID: PMC4465047 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective It is unknown how children’s dietary changes would vary by overweight/obese status and length of TV-viewing. This study examined whether US children’s weight status and TV-viewing duration influenced their subsequent dietary behavioral changes. Methods A national representative sample of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study – Kindergarten Cohort were followed between 5th and 8th grades during 2004–2007 (N=7,720). Children’s daily TV-viewing hour and weight status were measured at 5th grade. Children reported their dietary behaviors at the 5th and 8th grades, including fruit/vegetable consumption ≥5 times/day (five-a-day), daily fast food and soft drink consumption. Logistic models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of dietary behavioral changes by children’s baseline weight status and TV-viewing duration. Gender and race/ethnicity differences in the ORs were examined. Sampling weight and design effect were considered for the analysis. Results Among those without five-a-day at 5th grade, overweight/obese children were more likely to develop the five-a-day behavior at 8th grade than normal weight children (for overweight: OR=1.65, 95% CI=1.14-2.39; obese: OR=1.35, 95% CI=0.81-2.23). Among girls, overweight group was more likely to develop eating vegetable ≥3 times/day than normal weight group, but 1 more hour/day of TV-viewing at baseline was associated with lower odds of developing eating vegetable ≥3 times/day. Overweight/obese black and Hispanic children were significantly more likely to develop five-a-day than their normal weight counterparts. TV-viewing did not show modification effect on the association between weight status and subsequent dietary changes. Conclusions Overweight/obese children were more likely to improve their subsequent FV consumption than normal weight children, but TV-viewing’s independent relationship with dietary changes may counteract the weight status-associated dietary improvement.
Collapse
|
12
|
False and true pre-treatment predictors of weight loss in obese patients starting a program for lifestyle change. Eat Weight Disord 2014; 19:489-94. [PMID: 24816471 PMCID: PMC4220037 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-014-0126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Weight loss treatment effectiveness and cost-effectiveness may be improved by the identification of patients who are more prone to participate and gain benefit from specific interventions. Aim of the present study is to identify easily available additional predictors of weight loss among data usually present in the medical records of obese/overweight patients attending an outpatient clinic for a non-pharmacological lifestyle change program. RESULTS 268 patients, 74 men and 195 women (age 43.2 ± 11.9 years, BMI 38.9 ± 6.8 kg/m(2)) were enrolled. Among these patients, only 35.6 % men and 22.7 % women completed the 6-month protocol. Among participants, 50.7 % lost at least 5 % initial body weight after 6 months (SUCCESSES), while 49.3 % failed (FAILURES). Baseline nutritional parameters (total Kcal, lipid, carbohydrate, protein and alcohol intake) were not significantly different in successes when compared to failures, while a significant difference between groups was observed for baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP); free fat mass (FFM); muscle mass (MM); total body water (TBW); HDL cholesterol; ALT; AST; γGT. After dividing into quartiles the not-normally distributed variables, successes had AST values above median (3rd and 4th quartiles; χ (2) = 0.003). At multivariate analysis (linear regression), the OR was 3.34 (1.42-7.85; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS In our patients, baseline liver enzyme levels (AST in particular), but not baseline quantitative and qualitative dietary intake, were significantly different in successes versus failures and could therefore represent a predictor of success. In conclusion, AST could represent a usually available biomarker that could be used as a predictor of outcome (weight loss) in obese patients starting a lifestyle change program.
Collapse
|
13
|
Schumacher TL, Dewar DL, Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Watson J, Guest M, Burrows TL, Callister R, Collins CE. Dietary patterns of adolescent girls attending schools in low-income communities highlight low consumption of core foods. Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L. Schumacher
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Deborah L. Dewar
- School of Education; Faculty of Education and Arts; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - David R. Lubans
- School of Education; Faculty of Education and Arts; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- School of Education; Faculty of Education and Arts; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Jane Watson
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Maya Guest
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Tracy L. Burrows
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Robin Callister
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medicine; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; University of Newcastle; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Effectiveness of School-Based Nutritional Education Program among Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Study. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:608920. [PMID: 23118771 PMCID: PMC3483824 DOI: 10.1155/2012/608920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the change in body weight and body mass index (BMI), as well as diet behaviors at 4 months after intervention between obese adolescent girls who participated in the school-based nutritional education program, addressed by pediatrician, compared to those who attended regular nutritional class. Methods. 49 obese girls were recruited from a secondary school. Those, were randomized into 2 groups of intervention and control. The intensive interactive nutritional program was provided to the intervention group. Weight and height, dietary record and % fat consumption, as well as self-administered questionnaires on healthy diet attitudes were collected at baseline and 4-month follow-up, and then compared between two groups. Results. There was a statistically significant change of BMI in the intervention group by 0.53 ± 1.16 kg/m2 (P = 0.016) compared to the control group (0.51 ± 1.57 kg/m2, P = 0.063) but no significant change in calorie and % fat consumption between groups. The attitudes on healthy eating behaviors in the intervention group were shown improving significantly (P < 0.001). Conclusions. Interactive and intensive nutritional education program as shown in the study was one of the most successful school-based interventions for obese adolescents.
Collapse
|
15
|
Salvo D, Frediani JK, Ziegler TR, Cole CR. Food group intake patterns and nutrient intake vary across low-income Hispanic and African American preschool children in Atlanta: a cross sectional study. Nutr J 2012; 11:62. [PMID: 22931188 PMCID: PMC3487737 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The food group intake patterns of low income Hispanic and African American preschool children are not well documented. The aim of this study was to perform a food group intake analysis of low income minority preschool children and evaluate how macronutrient and micronutrient intake compares to Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). Methods A cross sectional study design using three-day food diaries analyzed by dietary analysis software (Nutrient Database System for Research) was used. Children were recruited from well-child clinics at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta at Hughes Spalding and North Dekalb Grady Satellite Clinic, Atlanta, GA. Low-income, African American and Hispanic preschool age children (n = 291) were enrolled. A total of 105 completed and returned the 3-day food diaries. Chi-squared tests were used to assess demographic variables. The mean percentage of intake per day of specific food groups and sub-groups were obtained (servings of given food group/total daily servings). Food intake data and proportion of children meeting DRIs for macro- and micronutrients were stratified by race/ethnicity, nutritional status, and caloric intake, and were compared using t-tests. Regression models controlling for age, BMI and sex were obtained to assess the effect of total caloric intake upon the proportional intake of each studied food group. Results The mean age of African American children was 2.24 ± 1.07 years and Hispanic children 2.84 ± 1.12 years. African Americans consumed more kcal/kg/day than Hispanics (124.7 ± 51 vs. 96.9 ± 33, p < 0.05). Hispanics consumed more fruits (22.0 ± 10.7% vs. 14.7 ± 13.7%, p < 0.05), while African Americans consumed more grains (25.7 ± 7.8% vs. 18.1 ± 6.4%, p < 0.05), meats (20.7 ± 9.0% vs. 15.4 ± 6.1%, p < 0.05), fats (9.8 ± 5.4% vs. 7.0 ± 5.8%, p < 0.05), sweet drinks (58.7 ± 17.1% vs. 41.3 ± 14.8%, p < 0.05) and low-fat dairy products (39.5 ± 19.3% vs. 28.9 ± 12.6%, p < 0.05). Among Hispanics, the proportional intake of fruits, fats and grains varied by total caloric intake, while no difference by total caloric intake was found for the dietary patterns of African Americans. Micronutrient intake also differed significantly between African American and Hispanic children. Conclusions Food group intake patterns among low-income children differ by ethnic group. There is a need for more research to guide program design and target nutritional interventions for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salvo
- ACTSI, General Clinical Research Center, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road, Suite GG-23, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Goldschmidt AB, Stein RI, Saelens BE, Theim KR, Epstein LH, Wilfley DE. Importance of early weight change in a pediatric weight management trial. Pediatrics 2011; 128:e33-9. [PMID: 21690118 PMCID: PMC3124104 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early weight change is associated with overall weight loss treatment response in adults but has been relatively unexplored in youth. We investigated the importance of early weight change in a pediatric weight control trial. METHODS Overweight children aged 7 to 12 years (n=204) participated in a randomized controlled trial of 2 weight maintenance treatments (MTs) after a 20-week family-based behavioral weight loss treatment (FBT). Hierarchical regression was used to investigate the relation between children's percentage weight change at sessions 4, 6, and 8 of FBT and BMI z-score reductions after FBT and at the 2-year follow-up. Correlations and hierarchical regression were used to identify child and parent factors associated with children's early weight change. RESULTS Children's percentage weight change by FBT session 8 was the best predictor of BMI z-score reductions after FBT and at 2-year follow-up. Percentage weight change in children at session 8 was associated with better FBT attendance and with greater percentage weight change in parents at FBT session 8. CONCLUSIONS Early weight change seems to be related to treatment response through the end of treatment and 2-year follow-up. Future research should include investigation of strategies to promote early weight change in children and parents and identification of mechanisms through which early weight change is related to overall treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian E. Saelens
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | | | | | - Denise E. Wilfley
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sato AF, Jelalian E, Hart CN, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Mehlenbeck RS, Neill M, Wing RR. Associations between parent behavior and adolescent weight control. J Pediatr Psychol 2011; 36:451-60. [PMID: 21112925 PMCID: PMC3079126 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsq105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between parent behaviors (i.e., parent weight change, self-monitoring of their behavior, and feeding practices and attitudes) and changes in adolescent BMI and weight following 16-weeks of behavioral weight control (BWC) intervention. METHOD Adolescents (N = 86) 13-16 years old and 30-90% overweight (M = 60.54%, SD = 15.10%) who completed BWC intervention and their parents. Adolescents were randomized to 1 of 2 interventions involving 16 consecutive weeks of active treatment with 4 biweekly maintenance sessions. Adolescent weight and BMI were measured at baseline and 16-weeks. Feeding practices were measured at baseline. Parent self-monitoring was measured during the intervention. RESULTS The only independently significant predictor of adolescent BMI change (p < .01) was parent BMI change. Greater parent self-monitoring (p < .01) predicted greater adolescent weight loss. Greater parent pressure to eat predicted less adolescent weight loss (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the potential importance of parent weight-related behaviors and feeding practices in the context of adolescent BWC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy F Sato
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1, Hoppin Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|