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Boeder AM, Spiller F, Carlstrom M, Izídio GS. Enterococcus faecalis: implications for host health. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:190. [PMID: 38702495 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The microbiota represents a crucial area of research in maintaining human health due to its potential for uncovering novel biomarkers, therapies, and molecular mechanisms relevant to population identification and experimental model characterization. Among these microorganisms, Enterococcus faecalis, a Gram-positive bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, holds particular significance. Strains of this bacterial species have sparked considerable debate in the literature due to their dual nature; they can either be utilized as probiotics in the food industry or demonstrate resistance to antibiotics, potentially leading to severe illness, disability, and death. Given the diverse characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis strains, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of their impact on various systems within the host, including the immunological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and nervous systems. Furthermore, we summarize the bacterium-host interaction characteristics and molecular effects to highlight their targets, features, and overall impact on microbial communities and host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Maína Boeder
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Mattias Carlstrom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geison Souza Izídio
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Laboratório de Genética do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
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Feroze RA, Kopechek J, Zhu J, Chen X, Villanueva FS. Ultrasound-Induced Microbubble Cavitation for Targeted Delivery of MiR-29b Mimic to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2573-2580. [PMID: 37749011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac fibrosis contributes to adverse ventricular remodeling and is associated with loss of miR-29b. Overexpression of miR-29b via plasmid or intravenous injection of microRNA mimic has blunted fibrosis, but these are inefficient and non-targeted delivery strategies. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that delivery of microRNA-29b (miR-29b) using ultrasound-targeted microbubble cavitation (UTMC) of miR-29b-loaded microbubbles would attenuate cardiac fibrosis and preserve left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS Lipid microbubbles were loaded with miR-29b mimic (miR-29b-MB) or negative control (NC) mimic (NC-MB), placed with cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and treated with pulsed ultrasound. Cells were harvested to measure downstream fibrotic mediators. Mice received angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion causing afterload increase and direct ANG II-induced cardiac fibrosis. UTMC of miRNA-loaded microbubbles was administered to the heart at days 0, 3 and 7. Serial echocardiography was performed, and hearts were harvested on day 10. RESULTS UTMC treatment of CFs with miR-29b-MB increased miR-29b and decreased fibrotic transcripts compared with NC-MB treatment. In vivo UTMC + NC-MB led to increased LV mass, reduction in cardiac function and increase in fibrotic markers, demonstrating ANGI II-induced adverse cardiac remodeling. Mice treated with UTMC + miR-29b-MB had preservation of cardiac function, downregulation of cardiac fibrillin and trends of lower COL1A1, COL1A2 and COL3 mRNA and decreased cardiac α-smooth muscle protein. CONCLUSION UTMC-mediated delivery of miR-29b mimic blunts expression of fibrosis markers and preserves LV function in ANG II-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafey A Feroze
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Kopechek
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xucai Chen
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Flordeliza S Villanueva
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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3
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Renal lysophospholipase A1 contributes to Enterococcus faecalis-induced hypertension by enhancing sodium reabsorption. iScience 2022; 25:105403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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4
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Jensen DM, Han P, Mangala LS, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK, Liu J, Kriegel AJ, Usa K, Widlansky ME, Liang M. Broad-acting therapeutic effects of miR-29b-chitosan on hypertension and diabetic complications. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3462-3476. [PMID: 35965413 PMCID: PMC9637778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA miR-29 promotes endothelial function in human arterioles in part by targeting LYPLA1 and increasing nitric oxide production. In addition, miR-29 is a master inhibitor of extracellular matrix gene expression, which may attenuate fibrosis but could also weaken tissue structure. The goal of this study was to test whether miR-29 could be developed as an effective, broad-acting, and safe therapeutic. Substantial accumulation of miR-29b and effective knockdown of Lypla1 in several mouse tissues were achieved using a chitosan-packaged, chemically modified miR-29b mimic (miR-29b-CH-NP) injected systemically at 200 μg/kg body weight. miR-29b-CH-NP, injected once every 3 days, significantly attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertension. In db/db mice, miR-29b-CH-NP treatment for 12 weeks decreased cardiac and renal fibrosis and urinary albuminuria. In uninephrectomized db/db mice, miR-29b-CH-NP treatment for 20 weeks significantly improved myocardial performance index and attenuated proteinuria. miR-29b-CH-NP did not worsen abdominal aortic aneurysm in ApoE knockout mice treated with angiotensin II. miR-29b-CH-NP caused aortic root fibrotic cap thinning in ApoE knockout mice fed a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet but did not worsen the necrotic zone or mortality. In conclusion, systemic delivery of low-dose miR-29b-CH-NP is an effective therapeutic for several forms of cardiovascular and renal disease in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Jensen
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Alison J Kriegel
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kristie Usa
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Michael E Widlansky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mingyu Liang
- Department of Physiology, Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Zheng X, Zhou L, Jin Y, Zhao X, Ahmad H, OuYang Y, Chen S, Du J, Chen X, Chen L, Gao D, Yang Z, Tian Z. β-Aminoisobutyric acid supplementation attenuated salt-sensitive hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats through prevention of insufficient fumarase. Amino Acids 2021; 54:169-180. [PMID: 34837556 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The human Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension-Sodium Trial has shown that β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) may prevent the development of salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHT). However, the specific antihypertensive mechanism remains unclear in the renal tissues of salt-sensitive (SS) rats. In this study, BAIBA (100 mg/kg/day) significantly attenuated SSHT via increased nitric oxide (NO) content in the renal medulla, and it induced a significant increase in NO synthesis substrates (L-arginine and malic acid) in the renal medulla. BAIBA enhanced the activity levels of total NO synthase (NOS), inducible NOS, and constitutive NOS. BAIBA resulted in increased fumarase activity and decreased fumaric acid content in the renal medulla. The high-salt diet (HSD) decreased fumarase expression in the renal cortex, and BAIBA increased fumarase expression in the renal medulla and renal cortex. Furthermore, in the renal medulla, BAIBA increased the levels of ATP, ADP, AMP, and ADP/ATP ratio, thus further activating AMPK phosphorylation. BAIBA prevented the decrease in renal medullary antioxidative defenses induced by the HSD. In conclusion, BAIBA's antihypertensive effect was underlined by the phosphorylation of AMPK, the prevention of fumarase's activity reduction caused by the HSD, and the enhancement of NO content, which in concert attenuated SSHT in SS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Luxin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuexin Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hussain Ahmad
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yanan OuYang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Sa Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jie Du
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiangbo Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Di Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhongmin Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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Li C, Wang N, Rao P, Wang L, Lu D, Sun L. Role of the microRNA-29 family in myocardial fibrosis. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:365-376. [PMID: 34047925 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an inevitable pathological process in the terminal stage of many cardiovascular diseases, often leading to serious cardiac dysfunction and even death. Currently, microRNA-29 (miR-29) is thought to be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target of MF. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of miR-29 that regulate MF will provide a new direction for MF therapy. In the present review, we concentrate on the underlying signaling pathway of miR-29 affecting MF and the crosstalk regulatory relationship among these pathways to illustrate the complex regulatory network of miR-29 in MF. Additionally, based on our mechanistic understanding, we summarize opportunities and challenges of miR-29-based MF diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Li
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Rao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Limeiting Wang
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Di Lu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China.
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7
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Zhu Y, Liu Y, Wu C, Li H, Du H, Yu H, Huang C, Chen Y, Wang W, Zhu Q, Wang L. Enterococcus faecalis contributes to hypertension and renal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats by disturbing lipid metabolism. J Hypertens 2021; 39:1112-1124. [PMID: 33967216 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota play vital roles in the development of hypertension. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. METHODS The relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis was determined in the faecal samples of angiotensin II or deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertensive rats. Then, E. faecalis culture was administered orally to rats for 6 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was measured, renal injury was estimated and a serum metabolomic analysis was performed. RESULTS Compared with control, E. faecalis was markedly enriched in the faecal samples of hypertensive rats. The rats receiving live E. faecalis but not dead bacteria exhibited higher BP and enhanced renal injury. The serum metabolomic data showed that the E. faecalis treatment resulted in 35 variable metabolites including 16 (46%) lipid/lipid-like molecules, suggesting significant disturbance of lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of 18 lipid metabolic enzymes in the renal medulla and cortex presented distinct and dynamic changes in response to 3 or 6-week E. faecalis treatment. Consistently, the protein levels of lysophospholipases A1 (LYPLA1) and phospholipase A2 group 4 A (PLA2G4) were enhanced only by live E. faecalis, which thus may have decreased the nitric oxide production in the renal medulla and elevated BP. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that E. faecalis in the gut contributes to hypertension and renal injury in rats by disturbing the lipid metabolism. The information provided here could shed new light on the pathologic mechanisms and potential intervention targets for the treatment of gut dysbiosis-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Chunying Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Haonan Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Huiting Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Huijing Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Cailin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yating Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
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8
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Berra G, Farkona S, Mohammed-Ali Z, Kotlyar M, Levy L, Clotet-Freixas S, Ly P, Renaud-Picard B, Zehong G, Daigneault T, Duong A, Batruch I, Jurisica I, Konvalinka A, Martinu T. Association between renin-angiotensin system and chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.02975-2020. [PMID: 33863738 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02975-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the major cause of death after lung transplantation. Angiotensin II (AngII), the main effector of the renin-angiotensin (RA) system, elicits fibrosis in both kidney and lung. We identified 6 AngII-regulated proteins (RHOB, BST1, LYPA1, GLNA, TSP1, LAMB1) increased in urine of patients with kidney allograft fibrosis. We hypothesized that RA system is active in CLAD and that AngII-regulated proteins are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of CLAD patients.We performed immunostaining of AngII receptors (AGTR1 and AGTR2) and TSP1/GLNA in 10 CLAD lungs and 5 controls. Using mass spectrometry, we quantified peptides corresponding to AngII-regulated proteins in BAL of 40 lung transplant recipients (CLAD, stable and acute lung allograft dysfunction (ALAD)). Machine learning algorithms were developed to predict CLAD based on BAL peptide concentrations.Immunostaining demonstrated significantly more AGTR1+ cells in CLAD versus control lungs (p=0.02). TSP1 and GLNA immunostaining positively correlated with the degree of lung fibrosis (R2=0.42 and 0.57, respectively). In BAL, we noted a trend toward higher concentrations of AngII-regulated peptides in patients with CLAD at the time of bronchoscopy, and significantly higher concentrations of BST1, GLNA and RHOB peptides in patients that developed CLAD at follow-up (p<0.05). Support vector machine classifier discriminated CLAD from stable and ALAD patients at the time of bronchoscopy with AUC 0.86, and accurately predicted subsequent CLAD development (AUC 0.97).Proteins involved in the RA system are increased in CLAD lung and BAL. AngII-regulated peptides measured in BAL may accurately identify patients with CLAD and predict subsequent CLAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Berra
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,First two authors contributed equally
| | - Sofia Farkona
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,First two authors contributed equally
| | - Zahraa Mohammed-Ali
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Max Kotlyar
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, Canada
| | - Liran Levy
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergi Clotet-Freixas
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Phillip Ly
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Renaud-Picard
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guan Zehong
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tina Daigneault
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Allen Duong
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum, Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, Canada.,Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Konvalinka
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada .,Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Last two authors contributed equally
| | - Tereza Martinu
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada .,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Last two authors contributed equally
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Zhu H, Xiao X, Shi Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Li D, Xiong F, He G, Chai Y, Tang H. Inhibition of miRNA-29a regulates intestinal barrier function in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by upregulating ZO-1 and CLDN1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:155. [PMID: 33093893 PMCID: PMC7571313 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to be involved in different physiological and pathological processes. In this study, the role of miRNA-29a in the potential mechanism underlying the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier in IBS-D was analyzed. Human intestinal mucosal epithelia from patients with IBS-D (diagnosed as meeting the Rome IV criteria) and healthy volunteers were collected. An IBS-D mouse model was established via induction with trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS), and the mice were injected with miRNA-29a inhibitor. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the epithelial ultrastructure of the human intestinal mucosa was examined. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, the expression level of miRNA-29a was assessed. ELISA was used to analyze the activity of D-lactate (D-LA) and diamine oxidase (DAO). Through immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and western blotting, the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-1 (CLDN1) was examined. In the human intestinal mucosal epithelia from patients with IBS-D, miRNA-29a was upregulated, ZO-1 and CLDN1 were downregulated, and the junctional complex (JC) was faint and discontinuous. In the IBS-D mouse model, treatment with miRNA-29a inhibitor downregulated D-LA and DAO activity, and increased the expression of ZO-1 and CLDN1 in the intestinal mucosal epithelium. In conclusion, the present study revealed that miRNA-29a is involved in the pathogenesis of IBS-D, probably by downregulating ZO-1 and CLDN1 expression, suggesting that miRNA-29a is likely to be an important regulator of intestinal barrier function and could be a possible therapeutic target for IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China.,First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Xi Xiao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Shi
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yingxiu Wu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Detang Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
| | - Fen Xiong
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
| | - Guodong He
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yuna Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutical, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
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