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Dong X, Zhuang HW, Wen RJ, Huang YS, Liang BX, Li H, Xian SX, Li C, Wang LJ, Wang JY. Xinyang tablet alleviated cardiac dysfunction in a cardiac pressure overload model by regulating the receptor-interacting serum/three-protein kinase 3/FUN14 domain containing 1-mediated mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118152. [PMID: 38614260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xinyang tablet (XYT) has been used for heart failure (HF) for over twenty years in clinical practice, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. AIMS OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to explore the protective effects of XYT in HF in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transverse aortic constriction was performed in vivo to establish a mouse model of cardiac pressure overload. Echocardiography, tissue staining, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were examined to evaluate the protective effects of XYT on cardiac function and structure. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate production, reactive oxygen species staining, and measurement of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase was used to detect mitochondrial damage. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscope. Immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the effect of XYT on the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy, and to identify its potential pharmacological mechanism. In vitro, HL-1 cells and neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes were stimulated with Angiotensin II to establish the cell model. Western blotting, qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry were utilized to determine the effects of XYT on cardiomyocytes. HL-1 cells overexpressing receptor-interacting serum/three-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) were generated by transfection of RIPK3-overexpressing lentiviral vectors. Cells were then co-treated with XYT to determine the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS In the present study, XYT was found to exerta protective effect on cardiac function and structure in the pressure overload mice. And it was also found XYT reduced mitochondrial damage by enhancing mitochondrial unfolded protein response and restoring mitophagy. Further studies showed that XYT achieved its cardioprotective role through regulating the RIPK3/FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) signaling. Moreover, the overexpression of RIPK3 successfully reversed the XYT-induced protective effects and significantly attenuated the positive effects on the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that XYT prevented pressure overload-induced HF through regulating the RIPK3/FUNDC1-mediated mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy. The information gained from this study provides a potential strategy for attenuating mitochondrial damage in the context of pressure overload-induced heart failure using XYT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hao-Wen Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui-Jia Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bing-Xue Liang
- Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shao-Xiang Xian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chun Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jun-Yan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou, 510405, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Zhou Y, Kang L, Xu R, Zhao D, Wang J, Wu J, Lin H, Ding Z, Zou Y. Mitochondrial outer membrane protein Samm50 protects against hypoxia-induced cardiac injury by interacting with Shmt2. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111219. [PMID: 38723737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a critical process following myocardial infarction (MI), potentially leading to heart failure if untreated. The significance of mitochondrial homeostasis in MI remains insufficiently understood. Samm50 is an essential component of mitochondria. Our study aimed to investigate its role in hypoxia-induced cardiac injury and the underlying mechanisms. First, we observed that Samm50 was dynamically downregulated in mice with MI compared to the control mice. In vitro, Samm50 was also downregulated in oxygen-glucose-deprived neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Overexpression and knockdown of Samm50 mitigated and exacerbated cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis, while also improving and worsening mitochondrial homeostasis, respectively. Protein interactions with Samm50 during the protective process were identified via immune-coprecipitation/mass spectroscopy. Mechanistically, serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (Shmt2) interacted with Samm50, acting as a crucial element in the protective process by hindering the transfer of Bax from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria and subsequent activation of caspase-3. Inhibition of Shmt2 diminished the protective effect of Samm50 overexpression against cardiac injury. Finally, Samm50 overexpression in vivo mitigated cardiac remodeling and enhanced cardiac function in both acute and chronic MI. In conclusion, Samm50 overexpression mitigated hypoxia-induced cardiac remodeling by inhibiting apoptosis and fibrosis, with Shmt2 acting as a key regulator in this protective process. The Samm50/Shmt2 axis represents a newly discovered mitochondria-related pathway for mitigating hypoxia-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jienan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiwen Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Ni M, Dong A, Zhu X, Li X, Xu G, Gao N, Wei D, Wang Y, Kong M. VENOARTERIAL EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION REDUCES MYOCARDIAL AND MITOCHONDRIAL DAMAGE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Shock 2024; 62:111-118. [PMID: 38664765 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease with a high fatality rate once accompanied by cardiogenic shock. The efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in treating MI is controversial. Methods: MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) in adult male rats. Groups were defined as follows: MI group, reperfusion for 90 min after 30 min of LAD occlusion; MI + ECMO group, reperfusion and ECMO were performed for 90 min immediately after 30 min of LAD occlusion; prolonged MI + ECMO group, ECMO was used immediately after 30 min of occlusion with persistent occlusion of the LAD for an additional 30 min, followed by 90 min of reperfusion. The myocardial infarct size and mitochondrial morphology and function data were collected and compared of each group. Results: The ECMO groups had a smaller myocardial infarct size and larger percentage ejection fraction. Compared with the prolonged MI + ECMO group, the immediate reperfusion group had a lower percentage of infarct size (63.28% vs. 17.97% vs. 31.22%, MI vs. MI + ECMO vs. prolonged MI + ECMO). Mitochondria isolated from the ischemic zone showed an intact mitochondrial structure, including fewer voids and broken cristae, and preserved activity of mitochondrial complex II and complex IV in ECMO groups. Conclusions: ECMO support in MI can reduce myocardial injury despite delayed coronary reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Tan Y, Nie Y, ZhengWen L, Zheng Z. Comparative effectiveness of myocardial patches and intramyocardial injections in treating myocardial infarction with a MitoQ/hydrogel system. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5838-5847. [PMID: 38771306 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00573b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In cardiac tissue engineering, myocardial surface patches and hydrogel intramyocardial injections represent the two primary hydrogel-based strategies for myocardial infarction (MI) treatment. However, the comparative effectiveness of these two treatments remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of the two treatment modalities by designing a simple and reproducible hydrogel cross-linked with γ-PGA and 4-arm-PEG-SG. To improve mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes (CMs) during early MI, we incorporated the mitochondria-targeting antioxidant MitoQ into the hydrogel network. The hydrogel exhibited excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, adhesion, and injectability in vitro. The hydrogel was utilized for rat MI treatment through both patch adhesion and intramyocardial injections. In vivo results demonstrated that the slow release of MitoQ peptide from the hydrogel hindered ROS production in CM, alleviated mitochondrial damage, and enhanced CM activity within 7 days, effectively inhibiting MI progression. Both hydrogel intramyocardial injections and patches exhibited positive therapeutic effects, with intramyocardial injections demonstrating superior efficacy in terms of cardiac function and structure in equivalent treatment cycles. In conclusion, we developed a MitoQ/hydrogel system that is easily prepared and can serve as both a myocardial patch and an intramyocardial injection for MI treatment, showing significant potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases &Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Yali Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases &Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Lei ZhengWen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases &Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Liu J, Liu F, Liang T, Zhou Y, Su X, Li X, Zeng J, Qu P, Wang Y, Chen F, Lei Q, Li G, Cheng P. The roles of Th cells in myocardial infarction. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:287. [PMID: 38879568 PMCID: PMC11180143 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is a serious condition caused by the abrupt stoppage of blood flow to a part of the heart, leading to tissue damage. A significant aspect of this condition is reperfusion injury, which occurs when blood flow is restored but exacerbates the damage. This review first addresses the role of the innate immune system, including neutrophils and macrophages, in the cascade of events leading to myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. It then shifts focus to the critical involvement of CD4+ T helper cells in these processes. These cells, pivotal in regulating the immune response and tissue recovery, include various subpopulations such as Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, and Th22, each playing a unique role in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. These subpopulations contribute to the injury process through diverse mechanisms, with cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-4 influencing the balance between tissue repair and injury exacerbation. Understanding the interplay between the innate immune system and CD4+ T helper cells, along with their cytokines, is crucial for developing targeted therapies to mitigate myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury, ultimately improving outcomes for cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Feila Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohan Su
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiao Zeng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Panke Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Piamsiri C, Maneechote C, Jinawong K, Arunsak B, Chunchai T, Nawara W, Kerdphoo S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Chronic mitochondrial dynamic-targeted therapy alleviates left ventricular dysfunction by reducing multiple programmed cell death in post-myocardial infarction rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176736. [PMID: 38878877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and the activation of multiple programmed cell death (PCD) have been shown to aggravate the severity and mortality associated with the progression of myocardial infarction (MI). Although pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, including treatment with the fusion promoter (M1) and the fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1), exerted cardioprotection against several cardiac complications, their roles in the post-MI model have never been investigated. Using a MI rat model instigated by permanent left-anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion, post-MI rats were randomly assigned to receive one of 4 treatments (n = 10/group): vehicle (DMSO 3%V/V), enalapril (10 mg/kg), Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg) and M1 (2 mg/kg), while a control group of sham operated rats underwent surgery without LAD occlusion (n = 10). After 32-day treatment, cardiac and mitochondrial function, and histopathological morphology were investigated and molecular analysis was performed. Treatment with enalapril, Mdivi-1, and M1 significantly mitigated cardiac pathological remodeling, reduced myocardial injury, and improved left ventricular (LV) function in post-MI rats. Importantly, all interventions also attenuated mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and mitigated activation of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis after MI. This investigation demonstrated for the first time that chronic mitochondrial dynamic-targeted therapy mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of PCD, leading to improved LV function in post-MI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanon Piamsiri
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kewarin Jinawong
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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7
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Agyapong ED, Pedriali G, Ramaccini D, Bouhamida E, Tremoli E, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Morciano G. Calcium signaling from sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria contact sites in acute myocardial infarction. J Transl Med 2024; 22:552. [PMID: 38853272 PMCID: PMC11162575 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious condition that occurs when part of the heart is subjected to ischemia episodes, following partial or complete occlusion of the epicardial coronary arteries. The resulting damage to heart muscle cells have a significant impact on patient's health and quality of life. About that, recent research focused on the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria in the physiopathology of AMI. Moreover, SR and mitochondria get in touch each other through multiple membrane contact sites giving rise to the subcellular region called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). MAMs are essential for, but not limited to, bioenergetics and cell fate. Disruption of the architecture of these regions occurs during AMI although it is still unclear the cause-consequence connection and a complete overview of the pathological changes; for sure this concurs to further damage to heart muscle. The calcium ion (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of AMI and its dynamic signaling between the SR and mitochondria holds significant importance. In this review, we tried to summarize and update the knowledge about the roles of these organelles in AMI from a Ca2+ signaling point of view. Accordingly, we also reported some possible cardioprotective targets which are directly or indirectly related at limiting the dysfunctions caused by the deregulation of the Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaia Pedriali
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Tremoli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Cotignola, Italy.
| | - Giampaolo Morciano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Cotignola, Italy.
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Baharvand F, Habibi Roudkenar M, Pourmohammadi-Bejarpasi Z, Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Feizkhah A, Bashiri Aliabadi S, Salari A, Mohammadi Roushandeh A. Safety and efficacy of platelet-derived mitochondrial transplantation in ischaemic heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2024; 410:132227. [PMID: 38844091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a globally significant health challenge in spite of improvement in management strategy. Being aware that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) modulation, empirical evidence suggests functional mitochondrial transplantation strikes as a reliable therapeutic approach for patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a prospective, triple-blinded, parallel-group, blocked randomised clinical trial to investigate the therapeutic effects and clinical outcomes of platelet-derived mitochondrial transplantation in 30 patients with acute STEMI, such that the 15 subjects in the control group were given standard of care treatment, whereas the subjects in the intervention group received autologous platelet-derived mitochondria through the intracoronary injection. We observed that within 40 days, the intervention group had a slightly greater improvement in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared to the control group and experienced a significant enhancement in the exercise capacity (p < 0.001). Moreover, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), arrhythmia, fever, and tachycardia were compared between the groups and lack of significant difference marks the safety of mitochondrial transplantation (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the two groups were not significantly distinct as regards the average length of stay for a hospitalisation (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION We suggest platelet-derived mitochondrial transplantation appears as a beneficial and highly promising therapeutic option for patients of ischaemic heart disease (IHD); however, we are aware that further in-depth studies with larger sample sizes along with longer follow-up periods are necessary for validating the clinical implications of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Baharvand
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Zahra Pourmohammadi-Bejarpasi
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nima Najafi-Ghalehlou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Alireza Feizkhah
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Somaye Bashiri Aliabadi
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Salari
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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9
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Yue C, Li R, Li C, Yang T, Huang X, Lei R, Yan Y, Liu Y, Li Q, Yan Q, Zuo D, Liu S, Yang M. Ultrasound‑targeted microbubble destruction technology delivering β‑klotho to the heart enhances FGF21 sensitivity and attenuates heart remodeling post‑myocardial infarction. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:54. [PMID: 38666537 PMCID: PMC11090263 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)21 is a peptide hormone that improves mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, and the deficiency of its co‑receptor β‑klotho (KLB) causes decreased FGF21 sensitivity. The present study examined whether the cardiac delivery of plasmids containing the KLB gene via ultrasound‑targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) enhances the efficacy of FGF21 against heart failure post‑acute myocardial infarction (AMI). For this purpose, the levels of FGF21 in patients and rats with heart dysfunction post‑infarction were determined using ELISA. Sprague‑Dawley rats received the 3X UTMD‑mediated delivery of KLB@cationic microbubbles (KLB@CMBs) 1 week following the induction of AMI. Echocardiography, histopathology and biochemical analysis were performed at 4 weeks following the induction of AMI. The results revealed that patients with heart failure post‑infarction had higher serum FGF21 levels than the healthy controls. However, the downstream signal, KLB, but not α‑klotho, was reduced in the heart tissues of rats with AMI. As was expected, treatment with FGF21 did not substantially attenuate heart remodeling post‑infarction. It was found that decreased receptors KLB in the heart may result in the insensitivity to FGF21 treatment. In vivo, the UTMD technology‑mediated delivery of KLB@CMBs to the heart significantly enhanced the effects of FGF21 administration on cardiac remodeling and mitochondrial dysfunction in the rats following infarction. The delivery of KLB to the heart by UTMD and the administration of FGF21 attenuated mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 signals. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the cardiac delivery of KLB significantly optimizes the cardioprotective effects of FGF21 therapy on adverse heart remodeling. UTMD appears a promising interdisciplinary approach with which to improve heart failure post‑myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofu Yue
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
- Kunming Medical University, Yunnan University Medical Bioengineering Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Taoxian Yang
- Nursing Department, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Rong Lei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Yan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Qiaolin Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Qinyong Yan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Dingrong Zuo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Shisheng Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655099, P.R. China
- Kunming Medical University, Yunnan University Medical Bioengineering Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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10
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Liu BH, Xu CZ, Liu Y, Lu ZL, Fu TL, Li GR, Deng Y, Luo GQ, Ding S, Li N, Geng Q. Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 38812059 PMCID: PMC11134732 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC. Furthermore, the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail. We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC, aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Long Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting-Lv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Rui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Qing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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11
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Yin J, Zheng X, Zhao Y, Shen X, Cheng T, Shao X, Jing X, Huang S, Lin W. Investigating the Therapeutic Effects of Ferroptosis on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Using a Dual-Locking Mitochondrial Targeting Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402537. [PMID: 38509827 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Research on ferroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) using mitochondrial viscosity as a nexus holds great promise for MIRI therapy. However, high-precision visualisation of mitochondrial viscosity remains a formidable task owing to the debilitating electrostatic interactions caused by damaged mitochondrial membrane potential. Herein, we propose a dual-locking mitochondria-targeting strategy that incorporates electrostatic forces and probe-protein molecular docking. Even in damaged mitochondria, stable and precise visualisation of mitochondrial viscosity in triggered and medicated MIRI was achieved owing to the sustained driving forces (e.g., pi-cation, pi-alkyl interactions, etc.) between the developed probe, CBS, and the mitochondrial membrane protein. Moreover, complemented by a western blot, we confirmed that ferrostatin-1 exerts its therapeutic effect on MIRI by improving the system xc-/GSH/GPX4 antioxidant system, confirming the therapeutic value of ferroptosis in MIRI. This study presents a novel strategy for developing robust mitochondrial probes, thereby advancing MIRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Shen
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cheng
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Shao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Jing
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
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12
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Kaur S, Khullar N, Navik U, Bali A, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Multifaceted role of dynamin-related protein 1 in cardiovascular disease: From mitochondrial fission to therapeutic interventions. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101904. [PMID: 38763184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to cellular energy production and metabolic regulation, particularly in cardiomyocytes. These organelles constantly undergo cycles of fusion and fission, orchestrated by key proteins like Dynamin-related Protein 1 (Drp-1). This review focuses on the intricate roles of Drp-1 in regulating mitochondrial dynamics, its implications in cardiovascular health, and particularly in myocardial infarction. Drp-1 is not merely a mediator of mitochondrial fission; it also plays pivotal roles in autophagy, mitophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis in cardiac cells. This multifaceted functionality is often modulated through various post-translational alterations, and Drp-1's interaction with intracellular calcium (Ca2 + ) adds another layer of complexity. We also explore the pathological consequences of Drp-1 dysregulation, including increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, this review delves into the potential therapeutic interventions targeting Drp-1 to modulate mitochondrial dynamics and improve cardiovascular outcomes. We highlight recent findings on the interaction between Drp-1 and sirtuin-3 and suggest that understanding this interaction may open new avenues for therapeutically modulating endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and cardiomyocytes. As the cardiovascular system increasingly becomes the focal point of aging and chronic disease research, understanding the nuances of Drp-1's functionality can lead to innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satinder Kaur
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda India
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Anjana Bali
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda India.
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13
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Wang B, Pan S, Nie C, Zou R, Liu J, Han X, Dong L, Zhang J, Yang X, Yu M, Fan B, Hong X, Yang W. Magnesium implantation as a continuous hydrogen production generator for the treatment of myocardial infarction in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10959. [PMID: 38745034 PMCID: PMC11094026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen is an emerging broad-spectrum antioxidant molecule that can be used to treat myocardial infarction (MI). However, with hydrogen inhalation, the concentration that can be reached within target organs is low and the duration of action is short, which makes it difficult to achieve high dose targeted delivery of hydrogen to the heart, seriously limiting the therapeutic potential of hydrogen for MI. As a result of reactions with the internal environment of the body, subcutaneous implantation of magnesium slices leads to continuous endogenous hydrogen production, leading to a higher hydrogen concentration and a longer duration of action in target organs. In this study, we propose magnesium implant-based hydrogen therapy for MI. After subcutaneous implantation of magnesium slices in the dorsum of rats, we measured hydrogen production and efficiency, and evaluated the safety of this approach. Compared with hydrogen inhalation, it significantly improved cardiac function in rats with MI. Magnesium implantation also cleared free radicals that were released as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as suppressing cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chaoqun Nie
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Jiaren Liu
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Han
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Li Dong
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengshu Yu
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bowei Fan
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojian Hong
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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14
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Amponsah-Offeh M, Tual-Chalot S, Stellos K. Repurposing of an antiasthmatic drug may reduce NETosis and myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1681-1683. [PMID: 38666350 PMCID: PMC11089332 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Amponsah-Offeh
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 13–17, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 13–17, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Preventive Cardiology Clinic, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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15
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Wu X, Wei J, Zhang W, Yi Y, Wang T, Gong Q, Liu X, Li H, Gao J. Targeting the PANoptosis signaling pathway for myocardial protection: therapeutic potential of Xian Ling Gu Bao capsule. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1391511. [PMID: 38799163 PMCID: PMC11116727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1391511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI), the most prevalent ischemic heart disease, constitutes a primary cause of global cardiovascular disease with incidence and mortality. The pathogenesis of MI is exceedingly intricate, with PANoptosis playing a pivotal role in its pathological process. Xian Ling Gu Bao capsule (XLGB) contains various active components, including flavonoids, terpenes, and phenylpropanoids, and exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, it remains unclear whether XLGB can protect the myocardium from damage after MI. This study aimed to investigate the impact of XLGB on isoprenaline (ISO)-induced MI in mice and its potential mechanisms. Methods: This study assessed the protective effects of XLGB against ISO-induced MI through techniques such as echocardiography, HE staining, Masson staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of XLGB's protective effects on MI were explored using bioinformatics, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. These mechanisms were further validated through immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. Results: The results demonstrated that various doses of XLGB exhibited a significant reduction in myocardial injury induced by myocardial infarction. Intriguingly, higher dosages of XLGB displayed superior therapeutic efficacy compared to the positive control metoprolol. This protective effect is primarily achieved through the inhibition of oxidative stress and the inflammatory processes. Furthermore, we have elucidated that XLGB protected the myocardium from MI-induced damage by suppressing PANoptosis, with a critical role played by the NLRP3/Caspase3/RIP1 signaling pathway. Of particular note, the primary compounds of XLGB were found to directly interact with NLRP3/Caspase3/RIP1, a discovery further validated through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. This suggests that NLRP3/Caspase3/RIP1 may be a therapeutic target for XLGB-induced myocardial protection. Conclusion: In summary, our findings reveal a novel property of XLGB: reverses myocardial damage following MI by inhibiting the NLRP3/Caspase3/RIP1-mediated PANoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiajia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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16
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Zhu X, Ma E, Ge Y, Yuan M, Guo X, Peng J, Zhu W, Ren DN, Wo D. Resveratrol protects against myocardial ischemic injury in obese mice via activating SIRT3/FOXO3a signaling pathway and restoring redox homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116476. [PMID: 38520872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing global overweight and obesity rates not only increase the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI), but also exacerbate ischemic injury and result in worsened prognosis. Currently, there are no drugs that can reverse myocardial damage once MI has occurred, therefore discovering drugs that can potentially limit the extent of ischemic damage to the myocardium is critical. Resveratrol is a polyphenol known for its antioxidant properties, however whether prolonged daily intake of resveratrol during obesity can protect against MI-induced damage remains unexplored. METHODS We established murine models of obesity via high-fat/high-fructose diet, along with daily administrations of resveratrol or vehicle, then performed surgical MI to examine the effects and mechanisms of resveratrol in protecting against myocardial ischemic injury. RESULTS Daily administration of resveratrol in obese mice robustly protected against myocardial ischemic injury and improved post-MI cardiac function. Resveratrol strongly inhibited oxidative and DNA damage via activating SIRT3/FOXO3a-dependent antioxidant enzymes following MI, which were completely prevented upon administration of 3-TYP, a selective SIRT3 inhibitor. Hence, the cardioprotective effects of prolonged resveratrol intake in protecting obese mice against myocardial ischemic injury was due to reestablishment of intracellular redox homeostasis through activation of SIRT3/FOXO3a signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings provide important new evidence that supports the daily intake of resveratrol, especially in those overweight or obese, which can robustly decrease the extent of ischemic damage following MI. Our study therefore provides new mechanistic insight and suggests the therapeutic potential of resveratrol as an invaluable drug in the treatment of ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - En Ma
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yixuan Ge
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dan-Ni Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Da Wo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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17
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Boengler K, Eickelmann C, Kleinbongard P. Mitochondrial Kinase Signaling for Cardioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4491. [PMID: 38674076 PMCID: PMC11049936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is reduced by cardioprotective adaptations such as local or remote ischemic conditioning. The cardioprotective stimuli activate signaling cascades, which converge on mitochondria and maintain the function of the organelles, which is critical for cell survival. The signaling cascades include not only extracellular molecules that activate sarcolemmal receptor-dependent or -independent protein kinases that signal at the plasma membrane or in the cytosol, but also involve kinases, which are located to or within mitochondria, phosphorylate mitochondrial target proteins, and thereby modify, e.g., respiration, the generation of reactive oxygen species, calcium handling, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, or apoptosis. In the present review, we give a personal and opinionated overview of selected protein kinases, localized to/within myocardial mitochondria, and summarize the available data on their role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. We highlight the regulation of mitochondrial function by these mitochondrial protein kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Boengler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Chantal Eickelmann
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.E.); (P.K.)
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.E.); (P.K.)
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18
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Yao Y, Liu H, Gu Y, Xu X, Zhang X. A causal association between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and atrial fibrillation: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1351495. [PMID: 38665232 PMCID: PMC11043605 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1351495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To look into the connection between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Two-sample MR was performed using genetic information from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genetic variants robustly associated with ALS and AF were used as instrumental variables. GWAS genetic data for ALS (n = 138,086, ncase = 27,205) and AF (n = 1,030,836, ncase = 60,620), publicly available from IEU Open. The specific MR protocols were Inverse variance-weighted (IVW), Simple mode, MR Egger, Weighted mode, and Weight median estimator (WME). Subsequently, the MR-Egger intercept and Cochran Q examine were used to evaluate instrumental variables (IVs)' heterogeneity and multiplicative effects (IVs). In addition, MR-PRESSO analysis was conducted to exclude any potential pleiotropy. Results The IVW method demonstrated that ALS positively affected AF [OR: 1.062, 95% CI (1.004-1.122); P = 0.035]. Indeed, other MR methods were in accordance with the tendency of the IVW method (all OR > 1), and sensitivity testing verified the reliability of this MR result. Conclusions This MR study proves a positive causal connection between ALS and atrial fibrillation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking ALS and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaojin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
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19
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Song P, Yakufujiang Y, Zhou J, Gu S, Wang W, Huo Z. Identification of important genes related to anoikis in acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18264. [PMID: 38526027 PMCID: PMC10962123 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) increasingly precipitates severe heart failure, with diagnoses now extending to progressively younger demographics. The focus of this study was to pinpoint critical genes linked to both AMI and anoikis, thereby unveiling potential novel biomarkers for AMI detection and intervention. Differential analysis was performed to identify significant differences in expression, and gene functionality was explored. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct gene coexpression networks. Immunoinfiltration analysis quantified immune cell abundance. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified the proteins that interact with theanoikis. MCODE identified key functional modules. Drug enrichment analysis identified relevant compounds explored in the DsigDB. Through WGCNA, 13 key genes associated with anoikis and differentially expressed genes were identified. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed the regulation of apoptotic signalling pathways and negative regulation of anoikis. PPI network analysis was also conducted, and 10 hub genes, such as IL1B, ZAP70, LCK, FASLG, CD4, LRP1, CDH2, MERTK, APOE and VTN were identified. IL1B were correlated with macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils and Tcells in MI, and the most common predicted medications were roxithromycin, NSC267099 and alsterpaullone. This study identified key genes associated with AMI and anoikis, highlighting their role in immune infiltration, diagnosis and medication prediction. These findings provide valuable insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puwei Song
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yasen Yakufujiang
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianghui Zhou
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shaorui Gu
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengyuan Huo
- Department of Thoracic‐Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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20
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Kleinbongard P, Andreadou I. Is There a Mitochondrial Protection via Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Settings of Anticancer Therapy Cardiotoxicity? Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024:10.1007/s11897-024-00658-w. [PMID: 38512567 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00658-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of (a) protective effects on mitochondria induced by remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) and (b) mitochondrial damage caused by anticancer therapy. We then discuss the available results of studies on mitochondrial protection via RIC in anticancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity. RECENT FINDINGS In three experimental studies in healthy mice and pigs, there was a RIC-mediated protection against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and there was some evidence of improved mitochondrial function with RIC. The RIC-mediated protection was not confirmed in the two available studies in cancer patients. In adult cancer patients, RIC was associated with an adverse outcome. There are no data on mitochondrial function in cancer patients. Studies in tumor-bearing animals are needed to determine whether RIC does not interfere with the anticancer properties of the drugs and whether RIC actually improves mitochondrial function, ultimately resulting in improved cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kleinbongard
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany.
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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21
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Dogan Unlu M, Uysal D, Karakuyu NF, Asci S, Ozmen O, Tepebasi MY. Investigation of neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of cannabidiol in an acute coronary syndrome model. Neurosci Lett 2024; 825:137689. [PMID: 38401641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury seen in the heart can cause severe damage to essential organs such as the brain. Cannabidiol (CBD) obtained from Cannabis sativa is used today to treat various diseases. This study aimed to demonstrate CBD's neuroprotective and therapeutic properties in rats with brain damage caused by I/R in the heart. MATERIALS Rats were divided into four groups; sham, I/R, I/R + Prophylactic CBD, and I/R + Therapeutic CBD. End of the experiment, brain tissues were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and genetic examinations. RESULTS I/R damage increased the number of degenerative neurons, caspase-3 and TNF-α immunoexpression, total oxidant status levels, and oxidative stress index. Both prophylactic and therapeutic CBD administration reduced these increased values. In addition, the relative fold changes of AMPK, PGC-1α, SIRT1, and Bcl 2 decreased in the I/R group, and the relative fold change of Bax increased, which are indicators of ER stress and apoptosis. Both administrations of CBD reversed these genes' relative fold changes. CONCLUSION CBD can be protective against brain injury caused by cardiac I/R damage through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dogan Unlu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - D Uysal
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - N F Karakuyu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - S Asci
- Department of Neurology, Private MEDDEM Hospital, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - O Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - M Y Tepebasi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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22
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Kobayashi Y, Li J, Parker M, Wang J, Nagy A, Fan CPS, Runeckles K, Okumura M, Kadowaki S, Honjo O. Impact of Hemoglobin Level in Ex Vivo Heart Perfusion on Donation After Circulatory Death Hearts: A Juvenile Porcine Experimental Model. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00683. [PMID: 38446085 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ex vivo heart perfusion (EVHP) of donation after circulatory death (DCD) hearts has become an effective strategy in adults; however, the small circulating volume in pediatrics poses the challenge of a low-hemoglobin (Hb) perfusate. We aimed to determine the impact of perfusate Hb levels during EVHP on DCD hearts using a juvenile porcine model. METHODS Sixteen DCD piglet hearts (11-14 kg) were reperfused for 4 h in unloaded mode followed by working mode. Metabolism, cardiac function, and cell damage were compared between the low-Hb (Hb, 5.0-5.9 g/dL; n = 8) and control (Hb, 7.5-8.4 g/dL; n = 8) groups. Between-group differences were evaluated using 2-sample t-tests or Fisher's Exact tests. RESULTS During unloaded mode, the low-Hb group showed lower myocardial oxygen consumption (P < 0.001), a higher arterial lactate level (P = 0.001), and worse systolic ventricular function (P < 0.001). During working mode, the low-Hb group had a lower cardiac output (mean, 71% versus 106% of normal cardiac output, P = 0.010) and a higher arterial lactate level (P = 0.031). Adjusted cardiac troponin-I (P = 0.112) did not differ between the groups. Morphological myocyte injury in the left ventricle was more severe in the low-Hb group (P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Low-Hb perfusate with inadequate oxygen delivery induced anaerobic metabolism, resulting in suboptimal DCD heart recovery and declined cardiac function. Arranging an optimal perfusate is crucial to organ protection, and further endeavors to refine the priming volume of EVHP or the transfusion strategy are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marlee Parker
- Division of Perfusion Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Perfusion Services, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anita Nagy
- Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chun-Po Steve Fan
- Ted Rogers Computational Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyle Runeckles
- Ted Rogers Computational Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michiru Okumura
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sachiko Kadowaki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Osami Honjo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Schraps N, Tirre M, Pyschny S, Reis A, Schlierbach H, Seidl M, Kehl HG, Schänzer A, Heger J, Jux C, Drenckhahn JD. Cardiomyocyte maturation alters molecular stress response capacities and determines cell survival upon mitochondrial dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:248-265. [PMID: 38266827 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte maturation during pre- and postnatal development requires multiple intertwined processes, including a switch in energy generation from glucose utilization in the embryonic heart towards fatty acid oxidation after birth. This is accompanied by a boost in mitochondrial mass to increase capacities for oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation required for efficient contraction. Whether cardiomyocyte differentiation is paralleled by augmented capacities to deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS), physiological byproducts of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), is less clear. Here we show that expression of genes and proteins involved in redox homeostasis and protein quality control within mitochondria increases after birth in the mouse and human heart. Using primary embryonic, neonatal and adult mouse cardiomyocytes in vitro we investigated how excessive ROS production induced by mitochondrial dysfunction affects cell survival and stress response at different stages of maturation. Embryonic and neonatal cardiomyocytes largely tolerate inhibition of ETC complex III by antimycin A (AMA) as well as ATP synthase (complex V) by oligomycin but are susceptible to complex I inhibition by rotenone. All three inhibitors alter the intracellular distribution and ultrastructure of mitochondria in neonatal cardiomyocytes. In contrast, adult cardiomyocytes treated with AMA undergo rapid morphological changes and cellular disintegration. At the molecular level embryonic cardiomyocytes activate antioxidative defense mechanisms, the integrated stress response (ISR) and ER stress but not the mitochondrial unfolded protein response upon complex III inhibition. In contrast, adult cardiomyocytes fail to activate the ISR and antioxidative proteins following AMA treatment. In conclusion, our results identified fundamental differences in cell survival and stress response in differentiated compared to immature cardiomyocytes subjected to mitochondrial dysfunction. The high stress tolerance of immature cardiomyocytes might allow outlasting unfavorable intrauterine conditions thereby preventing fetal or perinatal heart disease and may contribute to the regenerative capacity of the embryonic and neonatal mammalian heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schraps
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Michaela Tirre
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simon Pyschny
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Reis
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Seidl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Westfälische Wilhelms University, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Gerd Kehl
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Heger
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Jux
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg-Detlef Drenckhahn
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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24
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Hassanpour P, Sadeghsoltani F, Haiaty S, Zakeri Z, Saghebasl S, Izadpanah M, Boroumand S, Mota A, Rahmati M, Rahbarghazi R, Talebi M, Rabbani S, Tafti SHA. Mitochondria-loaded alginate-based hydrogel accelerated angiogenesis in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129633. [PMID: 38253146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Here, mitochondria were isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after being treated with mitochondria-stimulating substrates, 50 μM metformin (Met), and 40 μM dichloroacetic acid (DCA). The isolated mitochondria (2 × 107 particles) were characterized and encapsulated inside 100 μl hydrogel composed of alginate (3 % w/v; Alg)/gelatin (Gel; 1 % w/v) enriched with 1 μM pyrrole (Pyr) solidified in the presence of 0.2 M FeCl3. The physicochemical properties and cytocompatibility of prepared hydrogels were assessed using FTIR, swelling, biodegradation, porosity assays, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mitochondria-bearing hydrogel was injected into the ischemic area of rat hearts. FTIR absorption bands represented that the addition of FeCl3 led to polypyrrole (PPy) formation, polysaccharide oxidation, and interaction between Alg and Gel. SEM images exhibited porous structure and the size of pores was reduced in Alg/Gel + PPy group compared to Alg + PPy hydrogel. Based on the data, both Alg + PPy and Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogels can preserve the integrity and morphology of loaded mitochondria. It was noted that Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel possessed a higher swelling ratio, degradation, and porosity compared to Alg + PPy group. Data confirmed that Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel containing 1 μM Pyr yielded the highest survival rate compared to groups with 2 and 4 μM Pyr (p < 0.05). Injection of mitochondria-loaded Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel yielded significant restoration of left ventricle thickness compared to the infarction, mitochondria, and Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel groups 14 days post-injection (p < 0.05). Histological analyses revealed a significant increase of vWF+ capillaries and α-SMA+ arterioles in the mitochondria-loaded Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel group (p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence imaging revealed the ability of rat cardiomyocytes to uptake mitochondria alone or after being loaded into Alg/Gel + PPy hydrogel. These effects were evident in the Alg/Gel + PPy group. Taken together, electroconductive Alg-based hydrogels are suitable platforms for the transplantation of cells and organelles and the regeneration of ischemic heart changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ziba Zakeri
- Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Solmaz Saghebasl
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Melika Izadpanah
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safieh Boroumand
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies In Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies In Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hossein Ahmadi Tafti
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies In Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Gu J, You J, Liang H, Zhan J, Gu X, Zhu Y. Engineered bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded with miR302 through the cardiomyocyte specific peptide can reduce myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. J Transl Med 2024; 22:168. [PMID: 38368334 PMCID: PMC10874538 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapies have shown great potential in myocardial repair following myocardial infarction (MI). MicroRNA-302 (miR302) has been reported to exert a protective effect on MI. However, miRNAs are easily degraded and ineffective in penetrating cells, which limit their clinical applications. Exosomes, which are small bioactive molecules, have been considered as an ideal vehicle for miRNAs delivery due to their cell penetration, low immunogenicity and excellent stability potential. Herein, we explored cardiomyocyte-targeting exosomes as vehicles for delivery of miR302 into cardiomyocyte to potentially treat MI. METHODS To generate an efficient exosomal delivery system that can target cardiomyocytes, we engineered exosomes with cardiomyocyte specific peptide (CMP, WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW). Afterwards, the engineered exosomes were characterized and identified using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). Later on, the miR302 mimics were loaded into the engineered exosomes via electroporation technique. Subsequently, the effect of the engineered exosomes on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, including MTT, ELISA, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, TUNNEL staining, echocardiogram and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS Results of in vitro experimentation showed that DSPE-PEG-CMP-EXO could be more efficiently internalized by H9C2 cells than unmodified exosomes (blank-exosomes). Importantly, compared with the DSPE-PEG-CMP-EXO group, DSPE-PEG-CMP-miR302-EXO significantly upregulated the expression of miR302, while exosomes loaded with miR302 could enhance proliferation of H9C2 cells. Western blot results showed that the DSPE-PEG-CMP-miR302-EXO significantly increased the protein level of Ki67 and Yap, which suggests that DSPE-PEG-CMP-miR302-EXO enhanced the activity of Yap, the principal downstream effector of Hippo pathway. In vivo, DSPE-PEG-CMP-miR302-EXO improved cardiac function, attenuated myocardial apoptosis and inflammatory response, as well as reduced infarct size significantly. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our findings suggest that CMP-engineered exosomes loaded with miR302 was internalized by H9C2 cells, an in vitro model for cardiomyocytes coupled with potential enhancement of the therapeutic effects on myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia You
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiacai Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Xu T, Wang J, Liu X, Xiang R, Li H, Wang S, Yang J, Xu M. FAM3A Deficiency - Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Underlies Post-Infarct Mortality and Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:104-120. [PMID: 37014466 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein sequence similarity 3 gene family member A (FAM3A) plays important roles in the electron transfer chain, while its functions in the heart are still unknown. This study aims to explore the roles and mechanisms of FAM3A after myocardial infarction (MI). FAM3A-deficient (Fam3a-/-) mice were implemented with MI injury and showed lower survival rates at 4 weeks as well as decreased cardiac systolic function. Isolated cardiomyocytes of Fam3a-/- mice showed reduced basal, ATP-linked respiration and respiratory reserve compared to that of wild-type mice. Transmission electron microscopy studies showed Fam3a-/- mice had a larger size and elevated density of mitochondria. FAM3A deficiency also induced elevated mitochondrial Ca2+, higher opening level of mPTP, lower mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated apoptotic rates. Further analyses demonstrated that mitochondrial dynamics protein Opa1 contributed to the effects of FAM3A in cardiomyocytes. Our study discloses the important roles of mitochondrial protein FAM3A in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-Coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Houhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-Coding RNA Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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27
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Li H, Jia Y, Yao D, Gao M, Wang L, Liu J. Rhein alleviates myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting mitochondrial division, activating mitochondrial autophagy and suppressing myocardial cell apoptosis through the Drp1/Pink1/Parkin pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:266. [PMID: 38302764 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhein, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response properties, is a beneficial treatment for different pathologies. However, the mechanism by which rhein protects against myocardial ischemic injury is poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS To establish an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat model, we performed left anterior descending (LAD) ligation. Sprague‒Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, AMI, AMI + rhein (AMI + R), and AMI + mitochondrial fission inhibitor (AMI + M). The extent of myocardial injury was evaluated by TTC staining, serum myocardial injury markers, and HE and Masson staining. Cardiac mitochondria ultrastructure was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to estimate cell apoptosis. Protein expression levels were measured by Western blotting. In vitro, the efficacy of rhein was assessed in H9c2 cells under hypoxic condition. Our results revealed that rats with AMI exhibited increased infarct size and indicators of myocardial damage, along with activation of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, decreased mitophagy and increased apoptosis rates. However, pretreatment with rhein significantly reversed these effects and demonstrated similar efficacy to Mdivi-1. Furthermore, rhein pretreatment protected against myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting mitochondrial fission, as evidenced by decreased Drp1 expression. It also enhanced mitophagy, as indicated by increased expression of Beclin1, Pink1 and Parkin, an increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and increased formation of autolysosomes. Additionally, rhein pretreatment mitigated apoptosis in AMI. These results were also confirmed in vitro in H9c2 cells. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that rhein pretreatment exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemic injury via the Drp1/Pink1/Parkin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhong Shan Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhong Shan Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Daomin Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhong Shan Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhong Shan Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhong Shan Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Ivanova AD, Kotova DA, Khramova YV, Morozova KI, Serebryanaya DV, Bochkova ZV, Sergeeva AD, Panova AS, Katrukha IA, Moshchenko AA, Oleinikov VA, Semyanov AV, Belousov VV, Katrukha AG, Brazhe NA, Bilan DS. Redox differences between rat neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes under hypoxia. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 211:145-157. [PMID: 38043869 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of ischemia-reperfusion injury in ischemic heart disease. However, the mechanisms how reactive oxygen species trigger cellular damage are not fully understood. Our study investigates redox state and highly reactive substances within neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes under hypoxia conditions. We have found that hypoxia induced an increase in H2O2 production in adult cardiomyocytes, while neonatal cardiomyocytes experienced a decrease in H2O2 levels. This finding correlates with our observation of the difference between the electron transport chain (ETC) properties and mitochondria amount in adult and neonatal cells. We demonstrated that in adult cardiomyocytes hypoxia caused the significant increase in the ETC loading with electrons compared to normoxia. On the contrary, in neonatal cardiomyocytes ETC loading with electrons was similar under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions that could be due to ETC non-functional state and the absence of the electrons transfer to O2 under normoxia. In addition to the variations in H2O2 production, we also noted consistent pH dynamics under hypoxic conditions. Notably, the pH levels exhibited a similar decrease in both cell types, thus, acidosis is a more universal cellular response to hypoxia. We also demonstrated that the amount of mitochondria and the levels of cardiac isoforms of troponin I, troponin T, myoglobin and GAPDH were significantly higher in adult cardiomyocytes compared to neonatal ones. Remarkably, we found out that under hypoxia, the levels of cardiac isoforms of troponin T, myoglobin, and GAPDH were elevated in adult cardiomyocytes, while their level in neonatal cells remained unchanged. Obtained data contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of neonatal cardiomyocytes' resistance to hypoxia and the ability to maintain the metabolic homeostasis in contrast to adult ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Ivanova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Daria A Kotova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Yulia V Khramova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Ksenia I Morozova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Daria V Serebryanaya
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Zhanna V Bochkova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Anastasia D Sergeeva
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Anastasiya S Panova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ivan A Katrukha
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Moshchenko
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Oleinikov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; National Research Nuclear University Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Alexey V Semyanov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119435, Russia; College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, 314001, China
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alexey G Katrukha
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Brazhe
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Bilan
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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Liu N, Ding Y, Zhou H, Chang X, Lou L. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 interacts with prohibitin 2 to improve mitochondrial quality control against type-3 cardiorenal syndrome. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:547-561. [PMID: 38322592 PMCID: PMC10845262 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.90484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Type-3 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS-3) is acute kidney injury followed by cardiac injury/dysfunction. Mitochondrial injury may impair myocardial function during CRS-3. Since dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) both promote cardiac mitochondrial quality control, we assessed whether these proteins were dysregulated during CRS-3-related cardiac depression. We found that DUSP1 was downregulated in heart tissues from a mouse model of CRS-3. DUSP1 transgenic (DUSP1Tg) mice were protected from CRS-3-induced myocardial damage, as evidenced by their improved heart function and myocardial structure. CRS-3 induced the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in wild-type hearts, but not in DUSP1Tg hearts. DUSP1 overexpression normalized cardiac mitochondrial quality control during CRS-3 by suppressing mitochondrial fission, restoring mitochondrial fusion, re-activating mitophagy and augmenting mitochondrial biogenesis. We found that DUSP1 sustained cardiac mitochondrial quality control by binding directly to PHB2 and maintaining PHB2 phosphorylation, while CRS-3 disrupted this physiological interaction. Transgenic knock-in mice carrying the Phb2S91D variant were less susceptible to cardiac depression upon CRS-3, due to a reduced inflammatory response, suppressed oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial quality control in their heart tissues. Thus, CRS-3-induced myocardial dysfunction can be attributed to reduced DUSP1 expression and disrupted DUSP1/PHB2 binding, leading to defective cardiac mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiu Ding
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Cardiovascular department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Long Lou
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, China
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Actis Dato V, Lange S, Cho Y. Metabolic Flexibility of the Heart: The Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Health, Heart Failure, and Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1211. [PMID: 38279217 PMCID: PMC10816475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the critical role of fatty acid (FA) metabolism in cardiac diseases, particularly heart failure (HF), and the implications for therapeutic strategies. The heart's reliance on ATP, primarily sourced from mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, underscores the significance of metabolic flexibility, with fatty acid oxidation (FAO) being a dominant source. In HF, metabolic shifts occur with an altered FA uptake and FAO, impacting mitochondrial function and contributing to disease progression. Conditions like obesity and diabetes also lead to metabolic disturbances, resulting in cardiomyopathy marked by an over-reliance on FAO, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lipotoxicity. Therapeutic approaches targeting FA metabolism in cardiac diseases have evolved, focusing on inhibiting or stimulating FAO to optimize cardiac energetics. Strategies include using CPT1A inhibitors, using PPARα agonists, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, the effectiveness varies, reflecting the complexity of metabolic remodeling in HF. Hence, treatment strategies should be individualized, considering that cardiac energy metabolism is intricate and tightly regulated. The therapeutic aim is to optimize overall metabolic function, recognizing the pivotal role of FAs and the need for further research to develop effective therapies, with promising new approaches targeting mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and FAO that improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Actis Dato
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Stephan Lange
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, DK 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yoshitake Cho
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
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Yang J, Zou Y, Lv X, Chen J, Cui C, Song J, Yang M, Hu H, Gao J, Xia L, Wang L, Chen L, Hou X. Didymin protects pancreatic beta cells by enhancing mitochondrial function in high-fat diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:7. [PMID: 38172956 PMCID: PMC10762818 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prolonged exposure to plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) leads to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) which can progress to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the absence of timely and effective interventions. High-fat diet (HFD) leads to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, impairing pancreatic beta cell (PBC) function. While Didymin, a flavonoid glycoside derived from citrus fruits, has beneficial effects on inflammation dysfunction, its specific role in HFD-induced IGT remains yet to be elucidated. Hence, this study aims to investigate the protective effects of Didymin on PBCs. METHODS HFD-induced IGT mice and INS-1 cells were used to explore the effect and mechanism of Didymin in alleviating IGT. Serum glucose and insulin levels were measured during the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests to evaluate PBC function and insulin resistance. Next, RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify the pathways potentially influenced by Didymin in PBCs. Furthermore, we validated the effects of Didymin both in vitro and in vivo. Mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (Rotenone) was used to further confirm that Didymin exerts its ameliorative effect by enhancing mitochondria function. RESULTS Didymin reduces postprandial glycemia and enhances 30-minute postprandial insulin levels in IGT mice. Moreover, Didymin was found to enhance mitochondria biogenesis and function, regulate insulin secretion, and alleviate inflammation and apoptosis. However, these effects were abrogated with the treatment of Rotenone, indicating that Didymin exerts its ameliorative effect by enhancing mitochondria function. CONCLUSIONS Didymin exhibits therapeutic potential in the treatment of HFD-induced IGT. This beneficial effect is attributed to the amelioration of PBC dysfunction through improved mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Piao L, Fang YH, Fisher M, Hamanaka RB, Ousta A, Wu R, Mutlu GM, Garcia AJ, Archer SL, Sharp WW. Dynamin-related protein 1 is a critical regulator of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23379. [PMID: 38133921 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301040rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a cytosolic GTPase protein that when activated translocates to the mitochondria, meditating mitochondrial fission and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes. Drp1 has shown promise as a therapeutic target for reducing cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury; however, the lack of specificity of some small molecule Drp1 inhibitors and the reliance on the use of Drp1 haploinsufficient hearts from older mice have left the role of Drp1 in IR in question. Here, we address these concerns using two approaches, using: (a) short-term (3 weeks), conditional, cardiomyocyte-specific, Drp1 knockout (KO) and (b) a novel, highly specific Drp1 GTPase inhibitor, Drpitor1a. Short-term Drp1 KO mice exhibited preserved exercise capacity and cardiac contractility, and their isolated cardiac mitochondria demonstrated increased mitochondrial complex 1 activity, respiratory coupling, and calcium retention capacity compared to controls. When exposed to IR injury in a Langendorff perfusion system, Drp1 KO hearts had preserved contractility, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhanced mitochondrial calcium capacity, and increased resistance to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening. Pharmacological inhibition of Drp1 with Drpitor1a following ischemia, but before reperfusion, was as protective as Drp1 KO for cardiac function and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. In contrast to the benefits of short-term Drp1 inhibition, prolonged Drp1 ablation (6 weeks) resulted in cardiomyopathy. Drp1 KO hearts were also associated with decreased ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) protein expression and pharmacological inhibition of the RyR2 receptor decreased ROS in post-IR hearts suggesting that changes in RyR2 may have a role in Drp1 KO mediated cardioprotection. We conclude that Drp1-mediated increases in myocardial ROS production and impairment of mitochondrial calcium handling are key mechanisms of IR injury. Short-term inhibition of Drp1 is a promising strategy to limit early myocardial IR injury which is relevant for the therapy of acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Piao
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yong-Hu Fang
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Fisher
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert B Hamanaka
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alaa Ousta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rongxu Wu
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alfredo J Garcia
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- The University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Willard W Sharp
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Chang X, Zhou S, Liu J, Wang Y, Guan X, Wu Q, Liu Z, Liu R. Zishenhuoxue decoction-induced myocardial protection against ischemic injury through TMBIM6-VDAC1-mediated regulation of calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial quality surveillance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 132:155331. [PMID: 38870748 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zishenhuoxue decoction (ZSHX), a Chinese herbal medicine, exhibits myocardial and vascular endothelial protective properties. The intricate regulatory mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemic injury and its association with dysfunctional mitochondrial quality surveillance (MQS) remain elusive. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To study the protective effect of ZSHX on ischemic myocardial injury in mice using a TMBIM6 gene-modified animal model and mitochondrial quality control-related experiments. STUDY DESIGN Using model animals and myocardial infarction surgery-induced ischemic myocardial injury TMBIM6 gene-modified mouse models, the pharmacological activity of ZSHX in inhibiting ischemic myocardial injury and mitochondrial homeostasis disorder in vivo was tested. METHODS Our focal point entailed scrutinizing the impact of ZSHX on ischemic myocardial impairment through the prism of TMBIM6. This endeavor was undertaken utilizing mice characterized by heart-specific TMBIM6 knockout (TMBIM6CKO) and their counterparts, the TMBIM6 transgenic (TMBIM6TG) and VDAC1 transgenic (VDAC1TG) mice. RESULTS ZSHX demonstrated dose-dependent effectiveness in mitigating ischemic myocardial injury and enhancing mitochondrial integrity. TMBIM6CKO hindered ZSHX's cardio-therapeutic and mitochondrial protective effects, while ZSHX's benefits persisted in TMBIM6TG mice. TMBIM6CKO also blocked ZSHX's regulation of mitochondrial function in HR-treated cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia disrupted the MQS in cardiomyocytes, including calcium overload, excessive fission, mitophagy issues, and disrupted biosynthesis. ZSHX counteracted these effects, thereby normalizing MQS and inhibiting calcium overload and cardiomyocyte necroptosis. Our results also showed that hypoxia-induced TMBIM6 blockade resulted in the over-activation of VDAC1, a major mitochondrial calcium uptake pathway, while ZSHX could increase the expression of TMBIM6 and inhibit VDAC1-mediated calcium overload and MQS abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ZSHX regulates mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and MQS abnormalities through a TMBIM6-VDAC1 interaction mechanism, which helps to treat ischemic myocardial injury and provides myocardial protection. This study also offers insights for the clinical translation and application of mitochondrial-targeted drugs in cardiomyocytess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuanke Guan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qiaomin Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
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Zhang B, Yang J, Li X, Zhu H, Sun J, Jiang L, Xue C, Zhang L, Xu C, Xing S, Jin Z, Liu J, Yu S, Duan W. Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling by inhibiting oxidative stress and preserving mitochondrial function via SIRT3 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155127. [PMID: 37812853 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) often leads to sudden cardiac death. Persistent myocardial ischemia increases oxidative stress and impairs mitochondrial function, contributing significantly to postinfarction cardiac dysfunction and remodeling, and the subsequent progression to heart failure (HF). Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), isolated from the rhizome of turmeric, has antioxidant properties and has been shown to protect against cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on HF after MI are poorly understood. PURPOSE The objective was the investigation of the pharmacological effects of THC and its associated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HF after MI. METHODS A total of 120 mice (C57BL/6, male) were used for the in vivo experiments. An MI mouse model was created by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The mice received oral dose of THC at 120 mg/kg/d and the effects on MI-induced myocardial injury were evaluated by assessment of cardiac function, histopathology, myocardial oxidative levels, and mitochondrial function. Molecular mechanisms were investigated by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of the SIRT3 selective inhibitor 3-TYP. Meanwhile, mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured in a hypoxic incubator to verify the effects of THC in vitro. Lastly, SIRT3 and Nrf2 were silenced using siRNAs to further explore the regulatory mechanism of key molecules in this process. RESULTS The mouse hearts showed significant impairment in systolic function after MI, together with enlarged infarct size, increased myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. A significant reversal of these changes was seen after treatment with THC. Moreover, THC markedly reduced reactive oxygen species generation and protected mitochondrial function, thus mitigating oxidative stress in the post-MI myocardium. Mechanistically, THC counteracted reduced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and SIRT3 signaling in the MI mice while inhibition of Nrf2 or SIRT3 reversed the effects of THC. Cell experiments showed that Nrf2 silencing markedly reduced SIRT3 levels and deacetylation activity while inhibition of SIRT3 signaling had little impact on Nrf2 expression. CONCLUSION This is the first demonstration that THC protects against the effects of MI. THC reduced both oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage by regulating Nrf2-SIRT3 signaling. The results suggest the potential of THC in treating myocardial ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Surgery, The 954th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shannan, Tibet 856100, China
| | - Jiachang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiayun Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jingwei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chennian Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The 79th Group Military Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Liaoyang, Liaoning 111000, China
| | - Shishi Xing
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Moyle DB, Kudiersky MN, Totton MN, Sassani DM, Nichols DS, Jenkins DT, Redgrave DJ, Baig DS, Nair DKPS, Majid PA, Ali DAN. Remote ischaemic conditioning for fatigue after stroke (RICFAST): A pilot randomised controlled trial. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107420. [PMID: 37832270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post stroke fatigue (PSF) affects 50 % of stroke survivors, and can be disabling. Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC), can preserve mitochondrial function, improve tissue perfusion and may mitigate PSF. This pilot randomised controlled trial evaluates the safety and feasibility of using RIC for PSF and evaluated measures of cellular bioenergetics. METHODS 24 people with debilitating PSF (7 item Fatigue Severity Score, FSS-7 > 4) were randomised (1:1) in this single-centre phase 2 study to RIC (blood pressure cuff inflation around the upper arm 200 mmHg for 5 min followed by 5 min of deflation), or sham (inflation pressure 20 mmHg), repeated 4 cycles, 3 times per week for 6 weeks. Primary outcomes were safety, acceptability, and compliance. Secondary outcomes included FSS-7, 6 min walking test (6MWT), peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak), ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT), and muscle adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content measured using 31-phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy of tibialis anterior. RESULTS RIC was safe (no serious adverse events, adverse events mild) and adherence excellent (91 % sessions completed). Exploratory analysis revealed lower FSS-7 scores in the RIC group compared to sham at 6 weeks (between group difference FSS-7 -0.7, 95 %CI -2.0 to 0.6), 3 months (-1.0, 95 %CI -2.2 to 0.2) and 6 months (-0.9, 95 %CI -2.0 to 0.2). There were trends towards increased VAT, increased muscle ATP content and improved 6MWT in the RIC group. DISCUSSION RIC is safe and acceptable for people with PSF and may result in clinically meaningful improvements in fatigue and muscle bioenergetics that require further investigation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dr Matilde Sassani
- Translational Brain Science, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, UK
| | | | - Dr Tom Jenkins
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology, UK; Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dr Ali N Ali
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield, UK.
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Xie L, He J, Mao J, Zhang Q, Bo H, Li L. The interplay between H19 and HIF-1α in mitochondrial dysfunction in myocardial infarction. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110919. [PMID: 37848100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction(MI) causes prolonged ischemia of infarcted myocardial tissue, which triggers a wide range of hypoxia cellular responses in cardiomyocytes. Emerging evidence has indicated the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) in cardiovascular diseases, including MI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of lncRNA H19 and H19/HIF-1α pathway during MI. Results showed that cell injury and mitochondrial dysfunction were induced in hypoxia-treated H9c2 cells, accompanied by an increase in the expression of H19. H19 silencing remarkably diminishes cell injury, inhibits the dysfunctional degree of mitochondria, and decreases the injury of MI rats. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assays revealed that H19 was the hypoxia-responsive lncRNA, and HIF-1α induced H19 transcription through direct binding to the H19 promoter. Moreover, H19 participates in the HIF-1α pathway by stabilizing the HIF-1α protein. These results indicated that H19 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhan Xie
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiabei He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hongchen Bo
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lianhong Li
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Namekata I, Tamura M, Kase J, Hamaguchi S, Tanaka H. Cardioprotective Effect against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of PAK-200, a Dihydropyridine Analog with an Inhibitory Effect on Cl - but Not Ca 2+ Current. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1719. [PMID: 38136589 PMCID: PMC10741401 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of a dihydropyridine analog, PAK-200, on guinea pig myocardium during experimental ischemia and reperfusion. In isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes, PAK-200 (1 μM) had no effect on the basal peak inward and steady-state currents but inhibited the isoprenaline-induced time-independent Cl- current. In the right atria, PAK-200 had no effect on the beating rate and the chronotropic response to isoprenaline. In an ischemia-reperfusion model with coronary-perfused right ventricular tissue, a decrease in contractile force and a rise in tension were observed during a period of 30-min no-flow ischemia. Upon reperfusion, contractile force returned to less than 50% of preischemic values. PAK-200 had no effect on the decline in contractile force during the no-flow ischemia but reduced the rise in resting tension. PAK-200 significantly improved the recovery of contractile force after reperfusion to about 70% of the preischemic value. PAK-200 was also shown to attenuate the decrease in tissue ATP during ischemia. Treatment of ventricular myocytes with an ischemia-mimetic solution resulted in depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations. PAK-200 significantly delayed these changes. Thus, PAK-200 inhibits the cAMP-activated chloride current in cardiac muscle and may have protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury through novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hikaru Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan; (I.N.); (M.T.); (J.K.); (S.H.)
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Ravingerova T, Adameova A, Lonek L, Farkasova V, Ferko M, Andelova N, Kura B, Slezak J, Galatou E, Lazou A, Zohdi V, Dhalla NS. Is Intrinsic Cardioprotection a Laboratory Phenomenon or a Clinically Relevant Tool to Salvage the Failing Heart? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16497. [PMID: 38003687 PMCID: PMC10671596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, especially ischemic heart disease, as a leading cause of heart failure (HF) and mortality, will not reduce over the coming decades despite the progress in pharmacotherapy, interventional cardiology, and surgery. Although patients surviving acute myocardial infarction live longer, alteration of heart function will later lead to HF. Its rising incidence represents a danger, especially among the elderly, with data showing more unfavorable results among females than among males. Experiments revealed an infarct-sparing effect of ischemic "preconditioning" (IPC) as the most robust form of innate cardioprotection based on the heart's adaptation to moderate stress, increasing its resistance to severe insults. However, translation to clinical practice is limited by technical requirements and limited time. Novel forms of adaptive interventions, such as "remote" IPC, have already been applied in patients, albeit with different effectiveness. Cardiac ischemic tolerance can also be increased by other noninvasive approaches, such as adaptation to hypoxia- or exercise-induced preconditioning. Although their molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, some noninvasive modalities appear to be promising novel strategies for fighting HF through targeting its numerous mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of heart injury and repair, as well as interventions that have potential to be used in the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Ravingerova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Adriana Adameova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, 10 Odbojárov St., 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubomir Lonek
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Veronika Farkasova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Miroslav Ferko
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Natalia Andelova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Branislav Kura
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Slezak
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Eleftheria Galatou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.G.); (A.L.)
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.G.); (A.L.)
| | - Vladislava Zohdi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 24 Špitalska, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 19 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
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Ciccarelli M, Pires IF, Bauersachs J, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Dawson D, Hamdani N, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, van Laake LW, Lezoualc'h F, Linke WA, Lunde IG, Rainer PP, Rispoli A, Visco V, Carrizzo A, Ferro MD, Stolfo D, van der Velden J, Zacchigna S, Heymans S, Thum T, Tocchetti CG. Acute heart failure: mechanisms and pre-clinical models-a Scientific Statement of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2390-2404. [PMID: 37967390 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While chronic heart failure (CHF) treatment has considerably improved patient prognosis and survival, the therapeutic management of acute heart failure (AHF) has remained virtually unchanged in the last decades. This is partly due to the scarcity of pre-clinical models for the pathophysiological assessment and, consequently, the limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in the different AHF phenotypes. This scientific statement outlines the different trajectories from acute to CHF originating from the interaction between aetiology, genetic and environmental factors, and comorbidities. Furthermore, we discuss the potential molecular targets capable of unveiling new therapeutic perspectives to improve the outcome of the acute phase and counteracting the evolution towards CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Inês Falcão Pires
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dana Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St.Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Division of Diagnostics and Technology (DDT), Akershus University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz - University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Antonella Rispoli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valeria Visco
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiopathology-I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Stolfo
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Wu J, Subbaiah KCV, Hedaya O, Chen S, Munger J, Tang WHW, Yan C, Yao P. FAM210A regulates mitochondrial translation and maintains cardiac mitochondrial homeostasis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2441-2457. [PMID: 37522353 PMCID: PMC10651191 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondria play a vital role in cellular metabolism and energetics and support normal cardiac function. Disrupted mitochondrial function and homeostasis cause a variety of heart diseases. Fam210a (family with sequence similarity 210 member A), a novel mitochondrial gene, is identified as a hub gene in mouse cardiac remodelling by multi-omics studies. Human FAM210A mutations are associated with sarcopenia. However, the physiological role and molecular function of FAM210A remain elusive in the heart. We aim to determine the biological role and molecular mechanism of FAM210A in regulating mitochondrial function and cardiac health in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Tamoxifen-induced αMHCMCM-driven conditional knockout of Fam210a in the mouse cardiomyocytes induced progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure, ultimately causing mortality. Fam210a deficient cardiomyocytes exhibit severe mitochondrial morphological disruption and functional decline accompanied by myofilament disarray at the late stage of cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, we observed increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, disturbed mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced respiratory activity in cardiomyocytes at the early stage before contractile dysfunction and heart failure. Multi-omics analyses indicate that FAM210A deficiency persistently activates integrated stress response, resulting in transcriptomic, translatomic, proteomic, and metabolomic reprogramming, ultimately leading to pathogenic progression of heart failure. Mechanistically, mitochondrial polysome profiling analysis shows that FAM210A loss of function compromises mitochondrial mRNA translation and leads to reduced mitochondrial-encoded proteins, followed by disrupted proteostasis. We observed decreased FAM210A protein expression in human ischaemic heart failure and mouse myocardial infarction tissue samples. To further corroborate FAM210A function in the heart, AAV9-mediated overexpression of FAM210A promotes mitochondrial-encoded protein expression, improves cardiac mitochondrial function, and partially rescues murine hearts from cardiac remodelling and damage in ischaemia-induced heart failure. CONCLUSION These results suggest that FAM210A is a mitochondrial translation regulator to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and normal cardiomyocyte contractile function. This study also offers a new therapeutic target for treating ischaemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kadiam C Venkata Subbaiah
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Omar Hedaya
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Wai Hong Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Chen Yan
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Hernandez-Resendiz S, Prakash A, Loo SJ, Semenzato M, Chinda K, Crespo-Avilan GE, Dam LC, Lu S, Scorrano L, Hausenloy DJ. Targeting mitochondrial shape: at the heart of cardioprotection. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:49. [PMID: 37955687 PMCID: PMC10643419 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
There remains an unmet need to identify novel therapeutic strategies capable of protecting the myocardium against the detrimental effects of acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size and prevent the onset of heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this regard, perturbations in mitochondrial morphology with an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and fission can disrupt mitochondrial metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species production, factors which are all known to be critical determinants of cardiomyocyte death following acute myocardial IRI. As such, therapeutic approaches directed at preserving the morphology and functionality of mitochondria may provide an important strategy for cardioprotection. In this article, we provide an overview of the alterations in mitochondrial morphology which occur in response to acute myocardial IRI, and highlight the emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondrial shape to preserve mitochondrial function which have the future therapeutic potential to improve health outcomes in patients presenting with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauri Hernandez-Resendiz
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aishwarya Prakash
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Jie Loo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kroekkiat Chinda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Gustavo E Crespo-Avilan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Linh Chi Dam
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengjie Lu
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Singapore, Singapore.
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.
- University College London, The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, London, UK.
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Araujo AMD, Cerqueira SVSD, Menezes-Filho JERD, Heimfarth L, Matos KKDOG, Mota KO, Conceição MRDL, Marques LP, Roman-Campos D, Santos-Neto AGD, Albuquerque-Júnior RLCD, Santos VCDO, Vasconcelos CMLD. Naringin improves post-ischemic myocardial injury by activation of K ATP channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176069. [PMID: 37741428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Naringin (NRG) is a flavonoid with recognized cardioprotective effects. Then, it was investigated the cardioprotective mechanisms of NRG against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The rats were pretreated for 7 days (v.o.) with NRG (25 mg/kg) or n-acetylcysteine (NAC, 100 mg/kg) and their isolated hearts were subjected to global ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (60 min). Furthermore, isolated hearts were perfused with 5 μM NRG in the presence of 10 μM glibenclamide (GLI) and subjected to I/R protocol. In healthy ventricular cardiomyocyte, it was evaluated the acute effect of 5 μM NRG on the GLI sensitive current. The results showed that NRG pretreatment restored the cardiac function and electrocardiogram (ECG) alterations induced by I/R injury, decreasing arrhythmia scores and the occurrence of severe arrhythmias. Lactate dehydrogenase and infarct area were decreased while superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and citrate synthase activities increased. Expression of SOD CuZn and SOD Mn not was altered. NRG treatment decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation without alter sulfhydryl groups and protein carbonylation. Also, NRG (5 μM) increased the glibenclamide sensitive current in isolated cardiomyocytes. In isolated heart, the cardioprotection of NRG was significantly reduced by GLI. Furthermore, NRG promoted downregulation of Bax expression and Bax/Bcl-2. Histopathological analysis showed that NRG decreased cell edema, cardiomyocytes and nucleus diameter. Thus, NRG has a cardioprotective effect against cardiac I/R injury which is mediated by its antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions and KATP channels activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Oliveira Mota
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danilo Roman-Campos
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang X, Ling G, Wei Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Tan N, Li W, Li H, Qiu Q, Wang W, Wang Y. Activation of ULK1 to trigger FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy in heart failure: Effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 intervention. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155042. [PMID: 37659296 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the development of therapies for heart failure (HF) continues apace, clinical outcomes are often far from ideal. Unc51-like-kinase 1 (ULK1)-mediated mitophagy prevents pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF). Molecularly ULK1-targeted agent to enhance mitophagy is scanty. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) can activate ULK1 to trigger FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy for protecting heart failure. METHODS Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance were used to detect the ULK1 binding behavior of Rg3. Established HF model in rats and transcriptome sequencing were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect and regulatory mechanism of Rg3. Loss-of-function approaches in vivo and in vitro were performed to determine the role of ULK1 in Rg3-elicited myocardial protection against HF. FUNDC1 recombinant plasmid of site mutation was applied to elucidate more in-depth mechanisms. RESULTS Structurally, a good binding mode was unveiled between ULK1 and Rg3. In vivo, Rg3 improved cardiac dysfunction, adverse remodeling, and mitochondrial damage in HF rats. Furthermore, Rg3 promoted Ulk1-triggered mitophagy both in vivo and in vitro, manifested by the impetus of downstream Fundc1-Lc3 interaction. Of note, the protective effects conferred by Rg3 against mitophagy defects, pathological remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction were compromised by Ulk1 gene silencing both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Rg3 activated mitophagy by inducing ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of FUNDC1 at the Ser17 site, not the Ser13 site. CONCLUSION Together these observations demonstrated that Rg3 acts as a ULK1 activator for the precise treatment of HF, which binds to ULK1 to activate FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guanjing Ling
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weili Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nannan Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haijing Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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Guo J, Wang H, Li Y, Zhu S, Hu H, Gu Z. Nanotechnology in coronary heart disease. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:37-67. [PMID: 37714246 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries and among older populations. Conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have limitations such as low sensitivity, high cost and side effects. Nanotechnology offers promising alternative strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of CHD by exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. In this review, we use bibliometric analysis to identify research hotspots in the application of nanotechnology in CHD and provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art. Nanomaterials with enhanced imaging and biosensing capabilities can improve the early detection of CHD through advanced contrast agents and high-resolution imaging techniques. Moreover, nanomaterials can facilitate targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering and modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, thus addressing multiple aspects of CHD pathophysiology. We discuss the application of nanotechnology in CHD diagnosis (imaging and sensors) and treatment (regulation of macrophages, cardiac repair, anti-oxidative stress), and provide insights into future research directions and clinical translation. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians seeking to harness the potential of nanotechnology in the management of CHD. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the one of leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Nanotechnology offers new strategies for diagnosing and treating CHD by exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. This review uses bibliometric analysis to uncover research trends in the use of nanotechnology for CHD. We discuss the potential of nanomaterials for early CHD detection through advanced imaging and biosensing, targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, and modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. We also offer insights into future research directions and potential clinical applications. This work aims to guide researchers and clinicians in leveraging nanotechnology to improve CHD patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Guo
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Ying Li
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano-safety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Houxiang Hu
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano-safety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Qin D, Jia XF, Hanna A, Lee J, Pekson R, Elrod JW, Calvert JW, Frangogiannis NG, Kitsis RN. BAK contributes critically to necrosis and infarct generation during reperfused myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 184:1-12. [PMID: 37709008 PMCID: PMC10841630 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
At least seven cell death programs are activated during myocardial infarction (MI), but which are most important in causing heart damage is not understood. Two of these programs are mitochondrial-dependent necrosis and apoptosis. The canonical function of the pro-cell death BCL-2 family proteins BAX and BAK is to mediate permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane during apoptosis allowing apoptogen release. BAX has also been shown to sensitize cells to mitochondrial-dependent necrosis, although the underlying mechanisms remain ill-defined. Genetic deletion of Bax or both Bax and Bak in mice reduces infarct size following reperfused myocardial infarction (MI/R), but the contribution of BAK itself to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis and infarction has not been investigated. In this study, we use Bak-deficient mice and isolated adult cardiomyocytes to delineate the role of BAK in the pathogenesis of infarct generation and post-infarct remodeling during MI/R and non-reperfused MI. Generalized homozygous deletion of Bak reduced infarct size ∼50% in MI/R in vivo, which was attributable primarily to decreases in necrosis. Protection from necrosis was also observed in BAK-deficient isolated cardiomyocytes suggesting that the cardioprotection from BAK loss in vivo is at least partially cardiomyocyte-autonomous. Interestingly, heterozygous Bak deletion, in which the heart still retains ∼28% of wild type BAK levels, reduced infarct size to a similar extent as complete BAK absence. In contrast to MI/R, homozygous Bak deletion did not attenuate acute infarct size or long-term scar size, post-infarct remodeling, cardiac dysfunction, or mortality in non-reperfused MI. We conclude that BAK contributes significantly to cardiomyocyte necrosis and infarct generation during MI/R, while its absence does not appear to impact the pathogenesis of non-reperfused MI. These observations suggest BAK may be a therapeutic target for MI/R and that even partial pharmacological antagonism may provide benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongze Qin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Xiaotong F Jia
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Anis Hanna
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Ryan Pekson
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - John W Elrod
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - John W Calvert
- Department of Surgery Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America.
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Zhang M, Yang Y, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Huang D. Implications of Activating the ANT2/mTOR/PGC-1α Feedback Loop: Insights into Mitochondria-Mediated Injury in Hypoxic Myocardial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8633-8651. [PMID: 37998720 PMCID: PMC10670450 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to play a critical role in the development of cardiomyocyte death during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the exact mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are still under investigation. Adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) is a key functional protein in mitochondria. We aimed at exploring the potential benefits of ANT2 inhibition against AMI. We utilized an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model and an AMI mice model to detect cardiomyocyte injury. We observed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increased apoptosis due to the overexpression of ANT2. Additionally, we discovered that ANT2 is involved in myocardial apoptosis by activating the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase)-dependent PGC-1α (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha) pathway, establishing a novel feedback loop during AMI. In our experiments with AC16 cells under OGD conditions, we observed protective effects when transfected with ANT2 siRNA and miR-1203. Importantly, the overexpression of ANT2 counteracted the protective effect resulting from miR-1203 upregulation in OGD-induced AC16 cells. All these results supported that the inhibition of ANT2 could alleviate myocardial cell injury under OGD conditions. Based on these findings, we propose that RNA interference (RNAi) technology, specifically miRNA and siRNA, holds therapeutic potential by activating the ANT2/mTOR/PGC-1α feedback loop. This activation could help mitigate mitochondria-mediated injury in the context of AMI. These insights may contribute to the development of future clinical strategies for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
| | - Yuanzhan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhu Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.C.)
| | - Dongyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
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Wang R, Dong S, Xia R, Sun M, Sun Y, Ren H, Zhang Y, Xia Z, Yao S, Wang T. Kinsenoside mitigates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced ferroptosis via activation of the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175985. [PMID: 37572943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-induced myocardial infarction is regarded as one of the major killers of humans worldwide. Kinsenoside (KD), a primary active ingredient derived from Anoectochilus roxburghii, shows antioxidant and vascular protective properties. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with oxidative damage and could be regulated by KD. However, its targets and the exact mechanism by which it operates remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of KD in myocardial I/R injury and to define the mechanism by which it works. We established both myocardial I/R model in vivo and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cardiomyocyte model in vitro in this study. KD can attenuate I/R-induced myocardial injury in vivo and inhibit H/R-induced injury in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. KD increased mitochondrial membrane potential, SOD activity, and GSH activity in cardiomyocytes, whereas MDA accumulation, iron accumulation, and Mito-ROS production were decreased. We intersected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from RNA-seq results with ferroptosis-related genes, and found KD significantly downregulated COX2 expression and upregulated GPX4 expression. These findings were further confirmed by Western blot analysis. Additionally, KD increased AKT phosphorylation and Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus, as well as HO-1 expression. When Akt or Nrf2 were inhibited in the KD group, the anti-ferroptosis properties of KD were nullified. Thus, Kinsenoside may exert anti-ferroptosis effect in myocardial I/R injury by decreasing mitochondrial dysfunction and increasing anti-oxidation through the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for myocardial reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Siwei Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Biobank, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HK SAR, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Li Y, Feng L, Xie D, Luo Y, Lin M, Gao J, Zhang Y, He Z, Zhu YZ, Gong Q. Icariside II mitigates myocardial infarction by balancing mitochondrial dynamics and reducing oxidative stress through the activation of Nrf2/SIRT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175987. [PMID: 37572941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress, which are considered to be the principal pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous study proved that pretreatment with icariside II (ICS II), a major active ingredient of Herbal Epimedii, exerts cardioprotective effect on MI, however, whether post-treatment with ICS II can alleviate MI and its underlying mechanism are still uncertain. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effect and the possible mechanism of ICS II on MI both in vivo and in vitro. The results revealed that post-treatment with ICS II markedly ameliorated myocardial injury in MI-induced mice and mitigated oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-elicited cardiomyocyte injury. Further researches showed that ICS II promoted mitochondrial fusion, and suppressed mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress, which were achieved by facilitating the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and activation of SIRT3. In summary, our findings indicate that ICS II mitigates MI-induced mitochondrial dynamics disorder and oxidative stress via activating the Nrf2/SIRT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Linying Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Dianyou Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yunmei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuandong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhixu He
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Qihai Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Zarei M, Sarihi A, Zamani A, Raoufi S, Karimi SA, Ramezani-Aliakbari F. Mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis as underlying mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective effects of Gallic acid against D-galactose-induced aging. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8005-8014. [PMID: 37540458 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound derived from a wide range of fruits. GA has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. This research was conducted to determine the cardioprotective effect of GA on cardiac hypertrophy in aged rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Following histological evaluation and through observing the heart, we found that GA improved the cardiac hypertrophy induced by D-galactose (D-GAL) in cardiac cells. To clarify the causes for this anti-aging effect, we evaluated the malonic dialdehyde levels and antioxidant enzyme activity in rat cardiac tissue. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) in serum were measured. The levels of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and apoptosis in cardiac tissue were surveyed. The findings represented that GA ameliorated antioxidant enzyme activity while significantly decreasing the malonic dialdehyde levels. Real-time PCR analysis proposed that GA effectively improved mitochondrial biogenesis in the heart via regulating the expression levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1-α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). GA also mitigated apoptosis in the heart by modulating the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax). In addition, GA improved serum LDH and CK-MB levels. CONCLUSIONS GA may alleviate aging-induced cardiac hypertrophy via anti-oxidative, mitoprotective, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Physiology, School of medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Sciences and Advanced Technology in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Safoura Raoufi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Asaad Karimi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Sciences and Advanced Technology in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani-Aliakbari
- Department of Physiology, School of medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Liu Y, Wang J, Zhao X, Li W, Liu Y, Li X, Zhao D, Yu J, Ji H, Shao B, Li Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Hao Y, Wu Y, Yuan Y, Du Z. CDR1as promotes arrhythmias in myocardial infarction via targeting the NAMPT-NAD + pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115267. [PMID: 37542851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac ventricular arrhythmia triggered by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death. We have reported previously that an increased serum level of circular RNA CDR1as is a potential biomarker of AMI. However, the possible role of CDR1as in post-infarct arrhythmia remains unclear. This study in MI mice investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of CDR1as in ventricular arrhythmias associated with MI. We showed that knockdown of CDR1as abbreviated the duration of the abnormally prolonged QRS complex and QTc intervals and decreased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. Optical mapping demonstrated knockdown of CDR1as also reduced post-infarct arrhythmia by increasing the conduction velocity and decreasing dispersion of repolarization. Mechanistically, CDR1as led to the depletion of NAD+ and caused mitochondrial dysfunction by directly targeting the NAMPT protein and repressing its expression. Moreover, CDR1as aggravated dysregulation of the NaV1.5 and Kir6.2 channels in cardiomyocytes, a change which was alleviated by the replenishment of NAD+. These findings suggest that anti-CDR1as is a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jiapan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiuye Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yaohua Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xingda Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hongyu Ji
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yilian Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China.
| | - Zhimin Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin 150086, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; National key laboratory of frigid cardiovascular disease, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
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