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Kieling L, Konzen AT, Zanella RK, Valente DS. Is autologous platelet-rich plasma capable of increasing hair density in patients with androgenic alopecia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials ⋆. An Bras Dermatol 2024:S0365-0596(24)00136-3. [PMID: 39013743 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
FUNDAMENTALS Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been progressively more used in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). OBJECTIVES The authors aimed to evaluate PRP efficacy compared to placebo in AGA. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases, until 01/04/2023. Randomized clinical trials focusing on AGA and PRP use to increase hair density were included. Patients aged between 15 and 63 years, diagnosed with AGA characterized by Norwood I‒VII and Ludwig I‒III scales, were included. Studies with a sample size <10, lacking PRP processing method, focusing on complementary therapies or other alopecias, were excluded. The authors conducted subgroup analysis for activator, spin method, study design, risk of bias, and gender. Meta-regression was conducted for activator, spin method, design, and gender. The authors used GRADEpro to assess evidence certainty and the RoB-2 tool for risk of bias. Asymmetry was measured through a Funnel plot followed by Egger's test. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023407334). RESULTS The authors screened 555 registers and included fourteen studies involving 431 patients for qualitative synthesis, with 13 studies included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated a mean difference of 27.55 hairs/cm2 and 95% CI (14.04; 41.06), I2 = 95.99%, p < 0.05. Hair diameter meta-analysis presented a mean difference of 2.02 μm, 95% CI (-0.85 μm; 4.88 μm), and I2 = 77.11% (p = 0.02). That is, low quality evidence. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Studies were highly heterogeneous, of low quality, and presented evident publication bias. CONCLUSIONS Highly heterogeneous studies with publication bias suggest PRP effectively increases hair density in AGA, so further high-quality randomized clinical trials are recommended to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kieling
- Division of Surgical Clinics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ana Terezinha Konzen
- Division of Surgical Clinics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Koehler Zanella
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina da Pontifícia, Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denis Souto Valente
- Division of Surgical Clinics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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2
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Zhi J, Li F, Jiang X, Bai R. Thyroid receptor β: A promising target for developing novel anti-androgenetic alopecia drugs. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104013. [PMID: 38705510 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) significantly impacts the self-confidence and mental well-being of people. Recent research has revealed that thyroid receptor β (TRβ) agonists can activate hair follicles and effectively stimulate hair growth. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the specific mechanism of action of TRβ in treating AGA from various perspectives, highlighting its potential as a drug target for combating AGA. Moreover, this review provides a thorough summary of the research advances in TRβ agonist candidates with anti-AGA efficacy and outlines the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of TRβ agonists. We hope that this review will provide practical information for the development of effective anti-alopecia drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Feifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China.
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China.
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3
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Nasimi M, Abedini R, Ghandi N, Teymourpour A, Babaie H. Safety and efficacy of tofacitinib in 97 alopecia areata patients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38736269 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia areata (AA) is a recurrent immune-mediated disorder causing hair loss without any scarring being present. It affects hairs on the head or other parts of the body and can occur at any age and in both genders. It seems that AA is associated with a higher rate of psychological disorders resulting from hair loss and the esthetic and social repercussions of it. Common treatments like corticosteroids do not work for every patient and recent treatment options focusing on the immunologic mechanisms like tofacitinib have shown some promising results. METHODS It's a retrospective study on patients with AA, AT, AU taking oral tofacitinib as a treatment for at least 6 months. Scalp hair loss was assessed before treatment and at each visit using the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. RESULTS Of 97 cases, 69.1% demonstrated over 50% SALT score improvement, with 44.3% having 90% or more decrease in SALT score. Patients who suffered from patchy AA were more responsive compared to patients with AT and AU subtypes and had a greater percent change in SALT score. Tofacitinib was tolerated quite well and no significant adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS Tofacitinib should be taken into consideration as an efficacious treatment option for patients with AA, AT and AU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasimi
- Dermatology, Dermatology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robabeh Abedini
- Dermatology, Dermatology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Ghandi
- Dermatology, Dermatology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Teymourpour
- Statistics, Blood transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanie Babaie
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Roets B. Potential application of PBM use in hair follicle organoid culture for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100851. [PMID: 38024838 PMCID: PMC10663892 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia is a hereditary condition of pattern hair loss in genetically susceptible individuals. The condition has a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, with decreased self-esteem, body image issues and depression being the main effects. Various conventional treatment options, such as minoxidil, finasteride and herbal supplements, aim to slow down hair loss and promote hair growth. However, due to the chronic nature of the condition the financial cost of treatment for androgenic alopecia is very high and conventional treatment options are not universally effective and come with a host of side effects. Therefore, to address the limitations of current treatment options a novel regenerative treatment option is required. One promising approach is organoids, organoids are 3D cell aggregates with similar structures and functions to a target organ. Hair follicle organoids can be developed in vitro. However, the main challenges are to maintain the cell populations within the organoid in a proliferative and inductive state, as well as to promote the maturation of organoids. Photobiomodulation is a form of light therapy that stimulates endogenous chromophores. PBM has been shown to improve cell viability, proliferation, migration, differentiation and gene expression in dermal papilla cells and hair follicle stem cells. Therefore, photobiomodulation is a potential adjunct to hair follicle organoid culture to improve the proliferation and inductive capacity of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon Roets
- Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
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5
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Hajimortezayi Z, Daei N, Gholizadeh N, Zakeri M, Alhili F, Hasanzadeh S, Hormozi A, Ebrahimi F, Zamani M. Fat transplant: Amazing growth and regeneration of cells and rebirth with the miracle of fat cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 38010992 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVE During fat transplantation, adipose tissue is removed from the body and injected into different areas under the skin. The goal of this review article is to look into the efficacy and applicability of fat transplantation in regenerative medicine and rejuvenation, including Nanofat, Microfat, and Millifat. METHODS As a search strategy and study selection, we searched the PubMed and Medline databases until 2023 using related keywords (e.g., Nanofat, Microfat and Millifat, Regenerative Medicine, and Rejuvenation). RESULTS Autologous fat transplantation has no risk of an allergic reaction or rejection of the transplant by the individual. Autologous adipose tissue is considered an ideal filler for facial rejuvenation and is suggested as the most biocompatible and non-immunogenic skin filler. Adipose tissue transplant may have semi-permanent to permanent effects. According to recent reports, adipose tissues possess a high percentage of mature stem cells. The effect of regenerating adipose tissue and its intrinsic cells can be described as an obvious process. Variations in the sizes of adipose tissues can result in different results depending on the surgical site. Based on topographic assessment, graft fats are assigned depending on the anatomical locations and the size such as Millifat (2-2.5 mm), Microfat (1 mm), and Nanofat (500 μm or less). CONCLUSION Some characteristics of fat tissue increase its effectiveness, such as increasing stem cells, growth factors, cytokines, and compounds effective in repair, regeneration, and rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajimortezayi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Narges Daei
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Nasim Gholizadeh
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mana Zakeri
- Department of Biology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Alhili
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sajedeh Hasanzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Hormozi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Hyakutake Y, Shibahara I, Toyoda M, Shigeeda R, Handa H, Saruta W, Sato S, Hide T, Kumabe T. Frontotemporal craniotomy with skin incision along the superior temporal line outside the hairline in bald male patients with temporal gliomas. Neurosurg Rev 2023; 46:296. [PMID: 37950043 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A head skin incision is inevitable in neurosurgical procedures and is usually concealed within the hairline. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a progressive hair loss disorder or baldness highly prevalent in men. Therefore, if bald male patients require neurosurgical procedures, skin incisions cannot be concealed, but this subject is yet to be discussed in the literature. This study presents a frontotemporal craniotomy using a skin incision along the superior temporal line, ignoring the hairline in bald male patients. Thirty-three patients with temporal gliomas underwent surgical removal between 2015 and 2022. They were divided into three groups: bald male patients with skin incisions not concealed in the hairline (minimum group, n = 13), bald and non-bald male patients with skin incisions concealed in the hairline (male group, n = 11), and female patients with skin incisions concealed in the hairline (female group, n = 9). In the minimum group, patients had no complaints regarding the incision scar. Cosmetic outcome was excellent, and no cases showed surgical site infection or peripheral facial nerve palsy. Compared with the male and female groups, the minimum group had the shortest skin incision length; however, the craniotomy size and extent of resection were similar. Skin incision for frontotemporal craniotomy cannot be hidden in bald male patients, and the preferred location for the incision is unknown. The skin incision along the superior temporal line is a cosmetically favorable, feasible, and safe procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Hyakutake
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ichiyo Shibahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Mariko Toyoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ryota Shigeeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hajime Handa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Wakiko Saruta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Sumito Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takuichiro Hide
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kumabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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Alhanshali L, Buontempo M, Majerson D, Shapiro J, Lo Sicco K. Intradermal Delivery of Alopecia Therapeutics: Current State and Future Prospects. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:851-854. [PMID: 37387642 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesotherapy, a technique of transdermal microinjections of specific preparations, is increasingly used in fields such as dermatology and specifically for alopecia treatment. Its popularity stems from its ability to deliver drugs in a targeted manner while minimizing systemic side effects. OBJECTIVE To assess and review current knowledge regarding the use of mesotherapy to deliver alopecia medications and highlight future directions for research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors used research databases including PubMed and Google Scholar to identify current literature on mesotherapy and alopecia. The following search terms were used among other terms: "Mesotherapy" or "Intradermal" AND "Alopecia". RESULTS Recent studies are promising for the intradermal delivery of dutasteride and minoxidil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. CONCLUSION Although limitations exist with dutasteride and minoxidil therapies, further research regarding the preparation, delivery, and maintenance of these drugs is warranted as mesotherapy could establish this technique as a safe, effective, and viable treatment option for androgenetic alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Alhanshali
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Michael Buontempo
- Department of Dermatology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey
| | | | - Jerry Shapiro
- Department of Dermatology, The Ronald O. Perelman, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kristen Lo Sicco
- Department of Dermatology, The Ronald O. Perelman, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Cai Y, Jia Z, Zhang Y, Kang B, Chen C, Liu W, Li W, Zhang W. Cell-free fat extract restores hair loss: a novel therapeutic strategy for androgenetic alopecia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:219. [PMID: 37612726 PMCID: PMC10464375 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is one of the most common hair loss diseases worldwide. However, current treatments including medicine, surgery, and stem cells are limited for various reasons. Cell-free fat extract (CEFFE), contains various cell factors, may have potential abilities in treating AGA. This study aims to evaluate the safety, effectiveness and the underlying mechanism of CEFFE in treating AGA. METHODS Sex hormone evaluation, immunogenicity assay and genotoxicity assay were conducted for CEFFE. In vivo study, male C57BL/6 mice were injected subcutaneously with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and were treated with different concentration of CEFFE for 18 days (five groups and n = 12 in each group: Control, Model, CEFFELow, CEFFEMiddle, CEFFEHigh). Anagen entry rate and hair coverage percentage were analyzed through continuously taken gross photographs. The angiogenesis and proliferation of hair follicle cells were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin, anti-CD31, and anti-Ki67 staining. In vitro study, dermal papilla cells (DPCs) were incubated with different concentrations of CEFFE, DHT, or CEFFE + DHT, followed by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry to evaluate cell proliferation cycle and apoptosis. The intracellular DHT level were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of 5α-reductase type II, 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and androgen receptor were assessed through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or/and western blot. RESULTS In CEFFE-treated mice, an increase in the anagen entry rate and hair coverage percentage was observed. The number of CD31-positive capillaries and Ki67-positive cells were increased, suggesting that CEFFE promoted the proliferation of DPCs, modulated the cell cycle arrest, inhibited apoptosis caused by DHT, reduced the intracellular concentration of DHT in DPCs, and downregulated the expression of AR. CONCLUSIONS CEFFE is a novel and effective treatment option for AGA through producing an increased hair follicle density and hair growth rate. The proposed mechanisms are through the DHT/AR pathway regulation and regional angiogenesis ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizuo Cai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Jia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Bijun Kang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chingyu Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 639 ZhiZaoJu Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Chen WC, Hsu WL, Chen JYF, Shih NH, Wu CY. Second-to-fourth digit ratio and age predicting the severity of androgenetic alopecia: a cross-sectional study. Aging Male 2022; 25:242-248. [PMID: 36628519 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2022.2119954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common type of hair loss. Previous studies indicated that the relative length of the index and ring finger (2D:4D ratio) of AGA patients was lower than control. However, the correlation between 2D:4D ratio and disease severity is unclear. In this study, we sought to evaluate the relationship between digit ratio of the right hand and AGA severity in male patients.Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study was performed. Hamilton-Norwood scale was used to assess severity. The finger lengths of the right hand were measured using a digital caliper.Results: Our study found that the lower the right-handed 2D:4D ratio, the greater the risk of developing AGA and that the severity of AGA increases with age. Patients with moderate and severe AGA (grade 3 and above) had lower 2D:4D ratios and higher average age compared with patients with mild AGA (Norwood grade 2). Patients aged ≥37.5 with a 2D:4D ratio <0.947 were six times more likely to have moderate-to-severe androgenetic alopecia compared with the reference group (OR: 6.11; 95% CI: 1.96-19.04).Conclusions: Combining 2D:4D ratio and older age may help predict the severity risk of AGA, and offer a clinically accessible, non-invasive approach for patients to easily predict their future severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chiao Chen
- College of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Li Hsu
- College of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Hua Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Wu
- College of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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10
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Chen X, Xiang H, Yang M. Topical cetirizine for treating androgenetic alopecia: A systematic review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5519-5526. [PMID: 35976065 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cetirizine, a widely used agent for allergic disorders, has recently been topically used for treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of topical cetirizine for treating AGA. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We included both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized clinical trials. FINDINGS We initially identified 102 records, of which, we included two RCTs and one non-randomized clinical trial, which were of moderate-to-high risk of bias. All included trials used 1% topical cetirizine as the intervention with various regimens. Topical cetirizine was likely to be more effective than a placebo for treating AGA. In comparison with topical minoxidil, topical cetirizine appears to be less effective for improving total and vellus hair density, but it might have a longer-lasting effect. Further, cetirizine might be as effective as minoxidil in improving hair diameter. CONCLUSION One percent topical cetirizine may serve as a choice for treating AGA, especially for patients with a negative response to topical minoxidil. In order to fully understand the role of topical cetirizine for AGA, additional well-designed RCTs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Cochrane Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Yilmaz DN, Onluturk Aydogan O, Kori M, Aydin B, Rahman MR, Moni MA, Turanli B. Prospects of integrated multi-omics-driven biomarkers for efficient hair loss therapy from systems biology perspective. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Youssef A, Al-Mahdy DA, Sayed RH, Choucry MA, El-Askary H. A Comprehensive Review of Natural Alternatives for Treatment of Alopecia with an Overview of Market Products. J Med Food 2022; 25:869-881. [PMID: 35796701 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia or hair loss is a widespread issue that has significant effects on personal well-being for both genders nationally and internationally. In addition, alopecia causes extreme emotional stress and negatively impacts the psychological health and self-esteem of cancer patients suffering from chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Unfortunately, available synthetic medications are costly, invasive, or have extreme adverse effects. On the contrary, natural and herbal hair loss products are widely available in the local and international markets in variable pharmaceutical forms with different mechanisms of action, namely, androgen antagonists, nutritional supplements, vasodilators, and 5α-reductase inhibitors or dihydrotestosterone blockers. Thus, it is of great importance to encourage researchers to investigate these natural alternatives that can act as potent therapeutic agents having diverse mechanisms of action as well as limited side effects. Currently, natural remedies are considered a fast-rising pharmaceutical segment with demand from a wide range of consumers. In this study, we present a review of reported herbal remedies and herb combinations recommended for hair loss and their mode of action, along with an overview of available market products and formulations, their composition, and declared effects. In addition, a general outline of the different forms of alopecia, its causes, and recommended treatments are mentioned as well. This was all done with the aim of assisting further studies with developing standardized natural formulations for alopecia as many were found to lack standardization of their bioactive ingredients and efficiency confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Al-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mouchira A Choucry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University (ECU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham El-Askary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Kasmawati H, Mustarichie R, Halimah E, Ruslin R, Arfan A, Sida NA. Unrevealing the Potential of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain Fraction for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia by Inhibiting Androgen Receptors Based on LC-MS/MS Analysis, and In-Silico Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144358. [PMID: 35889232 PMCID: PMC9318048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) occurs due to over-response to androgens causing severe hair loss on the scalp, and requires the development of new and efficient drugs to treat this condition. This study explores and identifies secondary metabolites from Sansevieriatrifasciata Prain using the LC-MS/MS and in-silico method. The inhibitory activity of bioactive compounds from S. trifasciata Prain against androgen receptors (PDB ID: 4K7A) was evaluated molecularly using docking and dynamics studies by comparing their binding energies, interactions, and stability with minoxidil. The results of the LC-MS/MS analysis identified Methyl pyrophaeophorbide A (1), Oliveramine (2), (2S)-3′, 4′-Methylenedioxy-5, 7-dimethoxyflavane (3), 1-Acetyl-β-carboline (4), Digiprolactone (5), Trichosanic acid (6) and Methyl gallate (7) from the leaves subfraction of this plant. Three alkaloid compounds (compounds 1, 3, and 4), and one flavonoid (compound 2), had lower docking scores of −7.0, −5.8, −5.2, and −6.3 kcal/mol, respectively. The prediction of binding energy using the MM-PBSA approach ensured that the potency of the four compounds was better than minoxidil, with energies of −66.13, −59.36, −40.39, and −40.25 kJ/mol for compounds 1, 3, 2, and 4, respectively. The dynamics simulation shows the stability of compound 1 based on the trajectory analysis for the 100 ns simulation. This research succeeded in identifying the compound and assessing the anti-alopecia activity of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. Seven compounds were identified as new compounds never reported in Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. Four compounds were predicted to have better anti-alopecia activity than minoxidil in inhibiting androgen receptors through an in silico approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henny Kasmawati
- Doctoral Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Resmi Mustarichie
- Department of Analytical Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Eli Halimah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Ruslin Ruslin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Arfan Arfan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Nurramadhani A. Sida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
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14
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Bazid H, Hammam M, Mostafa M, Gamal Y, El Gayed EMA. Study of leptin gene polymorphism and leptin serum level in alopecia areata patients. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2022; 43:605-617. [PMID: 35726450 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2088294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, produced by adipocytes, regulates metabolism, hunger, and immune response. The inflammatory role of leptin has been linked to autoimmune diseases. To assess leptin gene polymorphism and serum level in alopecia areata and their relation to metabolic syndrome (MS). This case-control study was conducted on 100 alopecia areata patients (50 with MS and 50 without MS) and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. Leptin gene polymorphism and serum level were assessed through the use of PCR and ELISA, respectively. GG genotype was the highest in AA with MS (54%), lower in AA without MS (42%), and the lowest in controls (20%). G allele was more expressed in cases, than in controls (P < .001). The serum leptin level was the highest in AA with MS, lower in AA without MS, and the lowest in controls (P value = 0.001). Leptin level was significantly higher in GG polymorphism than AG and AA. Leptin gene polymorphism (GG genotype) and serum level appear to play a significant role in AA. Absent difference regarding leptin gene polymorphism and MS might indicate a separate inflammatory role of leptin or the future risk of MS development in AA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Bazid
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University
| | - Mostafa Hammam
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University
| | - Mohammed Mostafa
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Reaserch Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Gamal
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University
| | - Eman M Abd El Gayed
- Medical Biochemistry and Mollecular biology Department, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University
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15
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Scarpim AC, Baptista A, Magalhães DSF, Nunez SC, Navarro RS, Frade-Barros AF. Photobiomodulation Effectiveness in Treating Androgenetic Alopecia. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:387-394. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Scarpim
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brasil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, UniFacema, Caxias, Brasil
| | - Alessandra Baptista
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Silvia Cristina Nunez
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Scarparo Navarro
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Amanda Farage Frade-Barros
- Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brasil
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16
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Yun SI, Lee SK, Goh EA, Kwon OS, Choi W, Kim J, Lee MS, Choi SJ, Lim SS, Moon TK, Kim SH, Kyong K, Nam G, Park HO. Weekly treatment with SAMiRNA targeting the androgen receptor ameliorates androgenetic alopecia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1607. [PMID: 35102171 PMCID: PMC8803970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss in men and women. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androgen receptor (AR) levels are increased in patients with AGA, and DHT-AR signaling correlates strongly with AGA pathogenesis. In this study, treatment with self-assembled micelle inhibitory RNA (SAMiRNA) nanoparticle-type siRNA selectively suppressed AR expression in vitro. Clinical studies with application of SAMiRNA to the scalp and massaging to deliver it to the hair follicle confirmed its efficacy in AGA. For identification of a potent SAMiRNA for AR silencing, 547 SAMiRNA candidates were synthesized and screened. SAMiRNA-AR68 (AR68) was the most potent and could be efficiently delivered to human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and hair follicles, and this treatment decreased the AR mRNA and protein levels. We confirmed that 10 µM AR68 elicits no innate immune response in human PBMCs and no cytotoxicity up to 20 µM with HFDP and HaCaT cells. Clinical studies were performed in a randomized and double-blind manner with two different doses and frequencies. In the low-dose (0.5 mg/ml) clinical study, AR68 was applied three times per week for 24 weeks, and through quantitative analysis using a phototrichogram, we confirmed increases in total hair counts. In the high-dose (5 mg/ml) clinical study, AR68 was given once per week for 24 weeks and showed 83% efficacy in increasing hair counts compared with finasteride. No side effects were observed. Therefore, SAMiRNA targeting AR mRNA is a potential novel topical treatment for AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Il Yun
- Bioneer Corporation, 8-11 Munpyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Goh
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seung Kwon
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Woorim Choi
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangseon Kim
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Lee
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ja Choi
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lim
- Bioneer Corporation, 8-11 Munpyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kee Moon
- Ellead Skin Research Center, Ellead, Seongnam, 13590, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Hae Kim
- Ellead Skin Research Center, Ellead, Seongnam, 13590, Republic of Korea
| | - Keeyeol Kyong
- Department of Bio-Cosmetics, Seowon University, 377-3 Musimseoro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaewon Nam
- Department of Bio-Cosmetics, Seowon University, 377-3 Musimseoro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28674, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han-Oh Park
- Bioneer Corporation, 8-11 Munpyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea.
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Deng Z, Chen M, Liu F, Wang Y, Xu S, Sha K, Peng Q, Wu Z, Xiao W, Liu T, Xie H, Li J. Androgen receptor-mediated paracrine signaling induces regression of blood vessels in the dermal papilla in androgenetic alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2088-2099.e9. [PMID: 35033537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), also known as male pattern baldness, is associated with androgen and androgen receptor (AR) signaling; however, the pathogenesis of AGA remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that nuclear localization of androgen receptor is elevated in the dermal papilla (DP) of balding scalp from patients with AGA. Transcriptome analysis identifies microvascular abnormalities in the DP of balding scalp compared to non-balding scalp of AGA patients. We provide further evidence that blood vessels regress in the DP of balding scalp at the early stage of hair follicle miniaturization in AGA development. Consistently, we find that microvascular vessels accumulate around the dermal papilla upon anagen initiation, and angiogenesis is required for hair regeneration in mice. Mechanistically, we show that AR-mediated paracrine signaling, mainly TGF-β signaling, from DP cells induces apoptosis of microvascular endothelial cells in the DP of balding scalp of AGA. These findings define a role of AR-mediated regression of blood vessels in DP in AGA and support the notion that early anti-AR treatment is better than late treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fangfen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - San Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Sha
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinqin Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tangxiele Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan key laboratary of aging biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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18
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Qiu Y, Zhou X, Fu S, Luo S, Li Y. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Androgenetic Alopecia. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 102:adv00645. [PMID: 34935992 PMCID: PMC9558341 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of androgenetic alopecia with metabolic syndrome has been investigated in several studies, with conflicting results. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the risk grade of metabolic syndrome and the metabolic profile in patients with androgenetic alopecia compared with controls. In total, 19 articles (2,531 participants) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratio for the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome between the group with androgenetic alopecia and controls was 3.46 (95% CI 2.38–5.05; p < 0.001). Female sex, early onset, and African ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, patients with androgenetic alopecia had significantly poorer metabolic profiles, such as body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. It is important for physicians to screen metabolism-related indicators in patients with androgenetic alopecia. More rigorously designed studies and larger sample sizes are required in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yaping Li
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.
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19
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Górecki M, Lipparini F, Albano G, Jávorfi T, Hussain R, Siligardi G, Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. Electronic Circular Dichroism Imaging (ECDi) Casts a New Light on the Origin of Solid-State Chiroptical Properties. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103632. [PMID: 34935206 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state ECD (ss-ECD) spectra of a model microcrystalline solid, finasteride, dispersed into a KCl pellet were recorded by using the synchrotron radiation source at the Diamond B23 beamline. Scanning a surface of 36 mm2 with a step of 0.5 mm, we measured a set of ECD imaging (ECDi) spectra very different from each other and from the ss-ECD recorded with a bench-top instrument (1 cm2 area). This is due to the anisotropic part of the ECD (ACD), which averages to zero in solution or on a large number of randomly oriented crystallites, but can otherwise be extremely large. Two-way singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis, through experimental and simulated TDDFT spectra, disclosed that the measured and theoretical principal components are in line with each other. This finding demonstrates that the observed isotropic ss-ECD spectrum is governed by the anisotropy of locally oriented crystals. It also introduces a new quality for ss-ECD measurements and opens a new future for probing and mapping chiral materials in the solid state such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Górecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Present address: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tamás Jávorfi
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Rohanah Hussain
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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20
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Ozcan KN, Sener S, Altunisik N, Turkmen D. Platelet rich plasma application by dermapen microneedling and intradermal point-by-point injection methods, and their comparison with clinical findings and trichoscan in patients with androgenetic alopecia. Dermatol Ther 2021; 35:e15182. [PMID: 34714961 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a progressive hair loss disease that occurs with the effect of androgens and genetic predisposition. Hair thinning and hair loss affect people's self-confidence and self-image more than is thought. In these patients, platelet rich plasma (PRP) treatment is used in addition to the limited medical treatments available. However, there is a lack of standardization for the application method of PRP treatment in the literature. The number of studies in which objective data and hair analysis parameters were revealed to demonstrate the effectiveness of PRP treatment is also very limited. In this study, it was aimed to show the efficacy of PRP treatment with trichoscan data in AGA patients and to compare dermapen-mediated microneedling and point-by-point technique injection application methods. The study was conducted with 62 male AGA patients, aged between 18 and 55 years, who applied to the University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, and ranged from Norwood-Hamilton Stage II-V. The patients were randomly divided into two groups and one group was given microneedling with a dermapen, an electrical device that makes automatic needling, and the other group was given manual injection with point-by-point technique with a 30-gauge needle. Before the first treatment, each patient underwent a trichoscan hair analysis evaluation. A total of four sessions of PRP treatment were performed, as three sessions at 2-week intervals and the fourth session 1 month after the last session. The mean age of the cases was 33.13 ± 6.36. According to Norwood-Hamilton staging, stage III was detected with the highest rate of 46% (29). Hair pulling test became significantly negative after treatment (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in trichoscan analysis parameters for hair count, hair density, terminal hair count, and terminal hair density in both groups compared to pretreatment (p < 0.05). Between the groups, a statistically significant difference was found between the averages of anagen hair, telogen hair, and hair length in the dermapen treated group compared to the group treated with the point-by-point technique. In our study, the efficacy of PRP treatment for AGA patients was demonstrated by trichoscan parameters. Among the PRP application methods, dermapen-mediated application was found to be superior to the point-by-point technique in terms of anagen, telogen, and average hair length parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Nur Ozcan
- Department of Dermatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Serpil Sener
- Department of Dermatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nihal Altunisik
- Department of Dermatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Dursun Turkmen
- Department of Dermatology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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21
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Gupta AK, Quinlan EM, Venkataraman M, Bamimore MA. Microneedling for Hair Loss. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:108-117. [PMID: 34714971 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microneedling is a relatively novel therapeutic modality introduced in the 1990s where small, fine needles are used to create micro punctures in the skin. It is a minimally invasive procedure used for various dermatological conditions, including androgenetic alopecia (AGA). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We comprehensively summarize the literature regarding microneedling in dermatology. We performed linear multivariable regressions to synthesize evidence from the clinical trials that investigated the efficacy of microneedling for AGA. Studies eligible for quantitative analyses were assessed for evidence quality. RESULTS The exact mechanism of microneedling action is yet to be determined, with theories that include the wound-healing cascade. Microneedling monotherapy significantly increased total hair count more than topical minoxidil 5% (β = 12.29; p < 0.001). The combination treatment of microneedling with topical 5% minoxidil increased total hair count significantly compared to monotherapy with microneedling (β = 7.63, p < 0.05). Increasing the overall treatment duration of microneedling and reducing the frequency of microneedling sessions may positively influence an increase in total hair count. CONCLUSION There are limited studies that investigate microneedling as a monotherapy for hair loss since majority of the trials combine it with other therapies such as topical minoxidil or platelet-rich plasma. While preliminary results look promising, further investigation of microneedling as a monotherapy in larger, randomized controlled trials will help determine its safety and efficacy, and place in treating AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Ten B, Kaya Tİ, Balcı Y, Esen K, Temel G, Türsen Ü, Yılmaz MA. The place of B-mode ultrasonography, shear-wave elastography, and superb microvascular imaging in the pre-diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:2962-2970. [PMID: 34587657 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss in males. Physical examination and history are the most important examinations in diagnosis of the disease. As yet, there is no diagnostic method to be able to determine which individuals will develop AGA. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) is a novel diagnostic tool, which can evaluate tissue stiffness. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) can determine low flow in microvessels. The aim of the current study was to determine whether or not AGA would develop in individuals with normal hair and a family history of AGA using B-mode US, SMI, and SWE. METHODS The study included 26 patients clinically diagnosed with AGA and a control group of 26 volunteers. RESULTS Thickness with the distance from the epidermis to the calvarium (ECD) on the hairline and cranial subcutaneous tissue thickness (CSTD) were determined to be statistically significantly thinner in the AGA group than in the control group (p < 0.0001). For the differentiation of the AGA patients, the cutoff value was determined to be 5.5 mm for ECD and 4.05 mm for CSTD. The cranial epidermis-dermis (CED) stiffness values both as meter/second (m/s) and kilopascals (kPa) were statistically significantly lower in the AGA patients than in the control group (p < 0.0001). The cutoff values were 6.075 as m/s and 104.4 as kPa. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrated that differentiation could be made of individuals before the development of AGA from normal healthy individuals with CSTD measurement on B-mode US and CED stiffness measurement on SWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Ten
- Department of Radiology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Tamer İrfan Kaya
- Department of Dermatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Yüksel Balcı
- Department of Radiology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kaan Esen
- Department of Radiology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gülhan Temel
- Department of Biostatistics, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ümit Türsen
- Department of Dermatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Anıl Yılmaz
- Department of Dermatology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
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Kim SJ, Kim MJ, Lee YJ, Lee JC, Kim JH, Kim DH, Do YH, Choi JW, Chung SI, Do BR. Innovative method of alopecia treatment by autologous adipose-derived SVF. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:486. [PMID: 34454613 PMCID: PMC8403449 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alopecia refers to a condition developed by gradual reduction of hair loss by various abnormal causes such as endocrine system, genetic factors, and stress. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from the fat is one of the latest innovative solutions in the field of regeneration therapy. We focused on presenting effectiveness of clinical cases to improve AGA through transplantation of autologous SVF into the scalp. Objective To confirm the efficacy of the autologous SVF usage to the patients with AGA. Methods Nine patients (age range 43–64 years; 4 men, grade IV to V and 5 women, grade I to III), who are suffering from androgenic alopecia (AGA), were treated with single transplantation of autologous SVF in the upper scalp. Autologous SVF was isolated and characterized prior to the injection of live 7–9 × 106 cells into the patients’ treatment site. The hair loss improvement effect was assessed by three test criteria: hair skin quality, hair thickness and hair density 3 and 6 months after post-injection compared to pre-injection status. Results Hair density of SVF-treated side was significantly increased after 3 and 6 months of transplantation compared to non-treated side (P = 0.01 and P = 0.009 per each). And significant improvement in the score of the keratin on the scalp was seen in the injected area as compared to the non-injected area 6 months after transplantation (P = 0.032). Although thickness increase was observed at 3 and 6 months after transplantation, there was no statistical significance (P = 0.142 and 0.155, respectively). Conclusions One transplantation of autologous SVF for the AGA patients, hair density and score for the keratin were significantly increased within 6 months. This study shows that SVF is a very effective way to treat hair loss and most of subjects are satisfied with the result after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jong Kim
- Department of Bioconvergence, HurimBioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Kim
- Department of Bioconvergence, HurimBioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department of Bioconvergence, HurimBioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Chan Lee
- Department of Bioconvergence, HurimBioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyang Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Hurim BioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Ha Kim
- Top Plastic Surgery, Teheran-ro 111, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hoo Do
- Department of Applied Statistics, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Choi
- Department of Bioconvergence, HurimBioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ill Chung
- Top Plastic Surgery, Teheran-ro 111, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Byung-Rok Do
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Hurim BioCell Inc., Seoul, Korea.
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24
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Willems A, Sinclair R. Alopecias in humans: biology, pathomechanisms and emerging therapies. Vet Dermatol 2021; 32:596-e159. [PMID: 34431565 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hair follicle is a complete mini-organ with a complex biology. Recent discoveries have shed light on the pathogenesis and genetic basis of a number of hair loss conditions, offering novel treatment alternatives. OBJECTIVE To explore the biology and physiology of hair growth, the pathomechanism behind alopecias and emerging therapies. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Hair growth is influenced by numerous physiological moderators. Greater understanding of the biology and physiology of the hair follicle and the pathomechanisms of hair disease facilitates development of targeted treatments. Sublingual minoxidil is a promising therapy in humans where optimised drug delivery enhances efficacy and reduces systemic adverse effects. Janice kinase inhibitors, which disrupt the inflammatory cascade, help maintain the hair follicle, preserve immune privilege, and regrow hair in alopecia areata. As the pathomechanisms of other forms of alopecia become better understood, new targeted therapies with greater efficacy will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneliese Willems
- Sinclair Dermatology, 2 Wellington Parade, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Rodney Sinclair
- Sinclair Dermatology, 2 Wellington Parade, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Alan Gilbert Building University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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25
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Huang CH, Fu Y, Chi CC. Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Self-esteem in Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol 2021; 157:963-970. [PMID: 34232264 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is associated with trichodynia, anxiety, low self-esteem, and depression, which have implications for quality of life. However, no systematic evaluation has been performed on the association of AGA with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Objective To systematically examine the association of AGA with HRQOL and psychiatric disorders. Data Sources Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and WanFang databases were searched from inception through January 24, 2021. Study Selection Case series, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and randomized clinical trials that examined either HRQOL or psychiatric disorders in patients with AGA were included. Studies published in languages other than English and Mandarin were excluded. Data Extraction and Synthesis The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline was used. The risk of bias in included studies was assessed with the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Intervention (ROBINS-I) tool. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect on HRQOL. A subgroup analysis according to sex and geographic regions was also conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome was HRQOL of patients with AGA. Results A total of 41 studies involving 7995 patients was included. The pooled Dermatology Life Quality Index score was 8.16 (95% CI, 5.62-10.71). The pooled Hair-Specific Skindex-29 score indicated moderate impairment of emotions, with the meta-analysis showing a score of 29.22 (95% CI, 24.17-34.28) in the emotion dimension. The pooled Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score did not indicate depression, with the meta-analysis showing a score of 14.98 (95% CI, 14.28-15.68). Factors that had a direct association with HRQOL included married or coupled status and receipt of medical treatments, whereas factors that had an inverse association with HRQOL included higher self-rated hair loss severity, lower visual analog scale score, and higher educational level. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association of AGA with moderate impairment of HRQOL and emotions, but no association was found with depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that patients with AGA may need psychological and psychosocial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yun Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Chi
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Agaoglu E, Kaya Erdogan H, Acer E, Atay E, Metintas S, Saracoglu ZN. Prevalence of early-onset androgenetic alopecia and its relation with lifestyle and dietary habits. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021; 156:675-680. [PMID: 33913667 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.21.06874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of alopecia in men under 30 years of age; however, its prevalence and non-genetic risk factors are not well documented. Our aim was to determine the early-onset AGA prevalence and to evaluate its relationship with lifestyle and dietary habits. METHODS This study was conducted on 1507 male university students aged 18-30 years. Students with AGA were grouped as mild and moderate-severe according to the Hamilton-Norwood classification. They were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding information about lifestyle and dietary habits including The Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. RESULTS The prevalence of early-onset AGA was 19.2 % in the students. Each year over the 18 years age, positive family history, unhealthy vegetable-fruit and red meat consumption, presence of a hair disease apart from AGA and smoking were associated with increased risk for early-onset AGA. The median score of AFHC was lower than those without early-onset AGA which reflects the unhealthy dietary habit. Students with moderate-severe AGA had a higher body mass index and waist circumference than those with mild AGA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In addition to family history, lifestyle and dietary habits have roles in earlyonset AGA. Therefore, regulation of lifestyle and dietary habits may have a possible contribution in the prevention of early-onset AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Agaoglu
- Department of Dermatology, Kars Harakani State Hospital, Kars, Turkey -
| | - Hilal Kaya Erdogan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ersoy Acer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Emrah Atay
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Selma Metintas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep N Saracoglu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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27
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Observation of the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Potential Effect of Promoting Hair Growth Treated with Chinese Herbal BeauTop. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6667011. [PMID: 33680060 PMCID: PMC7904352 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6667011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite minoxidil and finasteride already being approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hair loss, it is important to identify new and innovative treatments for hair loss, such as looking for a solution in Chinese herbal medicine. One such treatment to consider is BeauTop (BT), whose primary ingredients include Panax japonicus (T.Nees), C.A. Mey. (Araliaceae), Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bunge (Fabaceae), Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiaceae), Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton (Oleaceae), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (Plantaginaceae), and Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Compositae). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether BT can promote hair growth in C57BL/6 mice and to investigate hair coverage, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEFG), and the numbers of hair follicles in growth phase after oral administration. A total of 12 C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group BT. BT was administered orally as an extract at a volume of 0.6 g/kg. The control group was treated with distilled water. Each group was treated once a day for 12 consecutive days. To observe the expression of VEGF distribution, the number of hair follicles and the hair coverage were examined on days 4, 8, and 12. By comparing the treatment group and control group, we found that VEGF in the BT group on day 8 presented with a higher area percentage than the control group (p value = 0.003). Hair follicle counting results showed that the BT group was significantly higher than the control group on day 8 (p value = 0.031). Furthermore, hair coverage was shown to be significantly increased in the treatment group BT on day 8 (p value = 0.013). Taken together, these results suggest that Chinese medicine (BT) possesses the potential effect of promoting hair growth through VEGF expression. VEGF is considered the most important mediator for the process of angiogenesis involved in hair growth development.
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28
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Liu Q, Shi X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Yang K, Tang Y, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Liu X, Lin J, Wang J, Wu W. Increased Expression of Zyxin and Its Potential Function in Androgenetic Alopecia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:582282. [PMID: 33505959 PMCID: PMC7829366 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.582282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common progressive form of hair loss, occurring in more than half of men aged > 50 years. Hair follicle (HF) miniaturization is a feature of AGA, and dermal papillae (DP) play key roles in hair growth and regeneration by regulating follicular cell activity. Previous studies have revealed that adhesion signals are important factors in AGA development. Zyxin (ZYX) is an actin-interacting protein that is essential for cell adhesion and migration. The aim of this research was to investigate the expression and potential role of ZYX in AGA. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that ZYX expression was elevated in the affected frontal HF of individuals with AGA compared to unaffected occipital HF. Moreover, increased ZYX expression was also observed within DP using immunofluorescence staining. Our in vivo results revealed that ZYX knockout mice showed enhanced hair growth and anagen entry compared to wild-type mice. Reducing ZYX expression in ex vivo cultured HFs by siRNA resulted in the enhanced hair shaft production, delayed hair follicle catagen entry, increased the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), and upregulated expression of stem cell-related proteins. These results were further validated in cultured DPCs in vitro. To further reveal the mechanism by which ZYX contributes to AGA, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to identify gene signatures upon ZYX siRNA treatment in cultured hair follicles. Multiple pathways, including focal adhesion and HIF-1 signaling pathways, were found to be involved. Collectively, we discovered the elevated expression of ZYX in the affected frontal hair follicles of AGA patients and revealed the effects of ZYX downregulation on in vivo mice, ex vivo hair follicles, and in vitro DPC. These findings suggest that ZYX plays important roles in the pathogenesis of AGA and stem cell properties of DPC and may potentially be used as a therapeutic target in AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji'an Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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29
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Abstract
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is an androgen-related condition that develops in genetically predisposed individuals. The condition is characterized by the progressive loss of terminal hairs on the scalp in a characteristic distribution. Trichoscopy represents the dermoscopy imaging of the scalp and hair. Structures which may be visualized by trichoscopy include hair shafts, hair follicle openings, perifollicular epidermis and cutaneous microvessels. Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to identify the trichoscopic features of androgenetic alopecia. Methods: Hundred-four patients with AGA and 80 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Data on age, gender, personal and family history, clinical type and duration of disease were collected and analyzed. Control group consisted of 80 generally healthy subjects. Trichoscopic examination was performed using either videodermatoscope or handheld dermatoskope. Trichoscopy results were obtained in frontal, occipital and both temporal areas of the scalp, including number of yellow dots and vellus hairs, number of hairs in one pilosebaceous unit and percentage of follicular ostia with perifollicular hyperpigmentation. The data were statistically evaluated. Results: The number of yellow dots, pilosebaceous units with only one hair and with perifollicular hyperpigmentation was significantly increased in androgenetic alopecia (p<0.05). The percentage of thin hairs (<0.03 mm) in AGA was significantly higher than in healthy controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study has shown the significances of trichoscopy of patients with AGA. Regular clinical and trichoscopical follow-ups are very important to monitor disease activity and treatment tolerance.
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30
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Zohdy M, Tantawy M, Khabir A, Mahsoub N. Serum paroxonase 1 level may be an indicator and predictor of the severity of androgenetic alopecia. Int J Trichology 2021; 13:26-31. [PMID: 34934297 PMCID: PMC8647709 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_128_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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31
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Nilforoushzadeh MA, Lotfi E, Heidari-Kharaji M, Torkamaniha E, Hanifnia AR. Autologous whole fat injection stimulates hair growth in resistant Androgenetic Alopecia: Report of nine cases. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:2480-2485. [PMID: 33355975 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes in morphology of hair follicle and aberrant cycling of hair follicle are the main reasons of the most common forms of hair loss (alopecia). However, existing alopecia treatments do not specifically target these processes. AIMS Autologous whole fat injection suggests a paradigm shift that may offer alternative therapies that can be used to prevent hair loss. This study aimed to present clinical cases for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia by autologous whole fat injection in the scalp. METHODS Nine patients with androgenetic alopecia (7 women and 2 men) were enrolled to our study. After lipoaspiration, autologous whole fat was injected into the patient's scalp. Hair regeneration was evaluated by three clinical tests: the pull test, hair quality, and hair density. RESULTS For all patients, before and after treatment, the number (density) and diameter of hair were calculated using trichograms. The pull test was also performed. The pictures were obtained before after treatment. CONCLUSION Our results showed that whole fat injection enormously can increase the level of hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Lotfi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Heidari-Kharaji
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Torkamaniha
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Fan ZX, Gan Y, Qu Q, Wang J, Lunan Y, Liu B, Chen R, Hu ZQ, Miao Y. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with hair transplantation surgery for the treatment of alopecia. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:917-921. [PMID: 32770782 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplanted hair follicles suffer from various injuries, which are difficult to prevent. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) was reported to be an excellent procedure to promote capillary regeneration and reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury. AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy of HBOT as an adjuvant therapy for hair transplantation surgery. METHODS Thirty-four patients with II-IV alopecia were divided into the control group and HBOT group randomly. The control group was treated with routine FUE procedure, while HBOT group combined with HBOT. Patients were treated with 100% oxygen under 2.0 atmospheres absolute pressure for 60 minutes through a facemask during HBOT and take the therapy daily for 7 days continuously after operation. Satisfaction and clinical improvement were evaluated at the fourth week and the sixth month postoperatively. RESULTS Itching and folliculitis were significantly decreased in HBOT group (11.8% vs 35.3%). In addition, HBOT resulted in a lower postoperative shedding rate (27.6 ± 2.6% vs 69.1 ± 2.4%); nevertheless, the survival rate at 9 months showed no significant difference between HBOT (96.9 ± 0.5%) and control (93.8 ± 0.6%). The early postoperative satisfaction in control group was much lower than HBOT group (52.9% vs 88.2%), whereas all patients showed satisfaction with the final result. CONCLUSION Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is able to minimize the postsurgical follicle shedding and lead to less folliculitis and itching, which provides evidence for HBOT to act as an adjuvant therapy for hair transplantation surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Xiang Fan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyang Gan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Qu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Lunan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingcheng Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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33
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Jin M, Chen YL, He X, Hou Y, Chan Z, Zeng R. Amelioration of Androgenetic Alopecia by Algal Oligosaccharides Prepared by Deep-Sea Bacterium Biodegradation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:567060. [PMID: 33133041 PMCID: PMC7550528 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.567060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-mediated hair loss disorder characterized by shortened anagen hair cycle. Oligosaccharides derived from seaweeds possess diverse biological functions. However, little is known about their effects on AGA. In this study, algal oligosaccharide (AOS) was characterized for its mitigation effects on key features involved in AGA pathogenesis, such as DHT- mediated cellular signaling and shortened anagen hair cycle. AOS with varying degrees of polymerization (DP), namely, AOS (DP2), AOS (DP4-6), and AOS (DP8-12), were prepared by agar biodegradation with Flammeovirga pacifica WPAGA1, an agarolytic bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediments. In vitro results showed that AOS with varying DPs significantly ameliorated the DHT-induced alterations of regulatory factors in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells in a dose- and DP-dependent manner, as revealed by the normalization of several hair-growth-stimulating or inhibitory factors. In vivo studies showed that AOS (DP2) extended the anagen phase and thereby delayed catagen progression in mice. Furthermore, AOS (DP2) stimulated dorsal hair growth in mice by increasing hair length, density, and thickness. Therefore, our findings indicated that AOS antagonized key factors involved in AGA pathogenesis, suggesting the potential application of AOS in the prevention and the treatment of AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yu-Lei Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiongfei He
- Aquabrain Biotech (Xiamen) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Yanping Hou
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhuhua Chan
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Runying Zeng
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China
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Shah DS, Jha DK, Amin PD. Development, validation, and application of an RP-HPLC method for concurrent quantification of Minoxidil and Finasteride in a topical solution for hair regrowth. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2020; 79:194-206. [PMID: 33091398 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A topical solution comprising of Minoxidil (MXL) and Finasteride (FNS) for alopecia is formulated in the present work, which essentially contains a lipid-Lauroglycol FCC as a penetration enhancer. The objective of the proposed work was to develop a rapid, simple, and robust reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method to determine MXL and FNS in the said formulation. Herein, the chromatographic conditions were optimized based on the theoretical principles of separation and physicochemical properties such as pKa and log P of both the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). The separation was accomplished on an Inertsil® ODS-3 C18 column (150mm×4.6mm; 5μm of particle size) at 25°C by using a mobile phase composed of 70:30 v/v ratio of Methanol and Milli-Q water along with 0.5% Triethylamine at pH 6.4 adjusted with Ortho Phosphoric Acid. Drug peaks showed a good resolution at 210nm. The retention times for MXL and FNS were found to be 2.40min and 6.39min, respectively. The developed method was found to be linear (R2≥0.998) in a concentration range of 5-100μg/mL for both the drugs. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). The ability of the method to differentiate between the types formulations was demonstrated by the in vitro diffusion data performed using a highly sophisticated Strat-M® membrane. The cumulative amount of drug released (MXL and FNS) at the end of 24hours was maximum for the topical formulation containing lipids prepared using isopropyl alcohol and propylene glycol as the base.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, 400019 Matunga, India
| | - D K Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, 400019 Matunga, India
| | - P D Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, 400019 Matunga, India.
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Balık AR, Balık ZB, Aktaş A, Neşelioğlu S, Karabulut E, Karabulut AB. Examination of androgenetic alopecia with serum biomarkers. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1855-1859. [PMID: 32969583 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss and affects approximately 50% of the male population. AIMS In the present study, to investigate microinflammation, perifollicular fibrosis, and oxidative stress in AGA cases, some serum biomarker levels were measured and evaluated. PATIENTS/METHODS Serum samples were drawn from patients (n = 58) and control (n = 30) groups referring to Atatürk Training and Investigation Hospital Dermatology Outpatient clinic. In serum samples, NF-κB, TNF-α, TGF-β1, thioredoxin, nitric oxide, TOS, TAS, and thiol disulfide homeostasis (native thiol, total thiol, disulfide) were measured and evaluated. RESULTS In patients with AGA, NF-κB (P = .005), TNF-α (P = .008), TGF-β1 (P = .028), thioredoxin (P = .004), nitric oxide (P < .001), and TOS (P < .001) serum levels were found to be significantly higher than those in control group, while TAS (P = .003), native thiol (P < .001), total thiol (P < .001), and disulfide (P < .001) serum levels were found to be significantly lower. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the present study, it was concluded that in that AGA androgens lead to oxidative stress by increasing free oxygen radicals, which accelerates hair loss by causing microinflammation and fibrosis. The recognition of the effect of androgens and associated factors on the hair follicle cycle is essential for the development of new and effective treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Rıfat Balık
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Büşra Balık
- Department of Dermatology, University of Health Sciences Gülhane Training and Investigation Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Akın Aktaş
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ercan Karabulut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysun Bay Karabulut
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Egger A, Resnik SR, Aickara D, Maranda E, Kaiser M, Wikramanayake TC, Jimenez JJ. Examining the Safety and Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Review of the Literature. Skin Appendage Disord 2020; 6:259-267. [PMID: 33088809 DOI: 10.1159/000509001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pattern hair loss is the most common type of alopecia. Standard of care involves long-term use of topical medications with limited effectiveness. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has become a popular alternative treatment. Here, we examine published clinical trials to establish whether the breadth of evidence supports LLLT for pattern hair loss. Methods A literature search was conducted within the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Trials databases to identify original articles evaluating hair regrowth following LLLT. Articles were selected based on use of 600-1,100 nm wavelengths, treatment time ≥16 weeks, and objective evaluation for hair regrowth. Results Ten randomized controlled trials were included, of which 8 compared LLLT to sham device and 1 to no treatment. The study populations varied, with 3 studies evaluating only women. All sham-device controlled studies demonstrated statistically significant increase in hair diameter or density (p < 0.01) following LLLT. Discussion Based on our review of the literature, LLLT appears to be effective for treating pattern hair loss in both men and women. These laser devices have good safety profiles, with only minor adverse effects reported. However, physicians should be cautious when drawing conclusions as some studies included have a relationship with industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela Egger
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sydney R Resnik
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Divya Aickara
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Maranda
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Kaiser
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Joaquin J Jimenez
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cow placenta extract lotion versus minoxidil 2% in the treatment of female pattern androgenetic alopecia. Int J Womens Dermatol 2020; 6:318-321. [PMID: 33015294 PMCID: PMC7522890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Placenta extract has been shown to improve androgenetic alopecia (AGA) by inducing the anagen phase and increasing hair follicle density and size. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cow placenta extract lotion compared with topical minoxidil 2% as a gold standard treatment for female pattern AGA. Methods In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, a total of 90 women with AGA were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either topical minoxidil 2% or cow placenta solutions. At the end of the sixth month, the number of hair follicles was evaluated using a trichoscope and compared with the baseline. Global photographic review was also conducted by a blinded dermatologist. Results By the end of the sixth month, there was an increase in total hair count in the specified area in both groups. The mean increase in hair count was 10.9 ± 5.74 and 10.2 ± 6.5 for minoxidil and cow placenta groups, respectively (p = .63). The percentage of patients who were rated as having moderate or marked growth was 44.2% and 32.2% in the cow placenta and minoxidil groups, respectively (p = .90). Limitations The study limitations were the limited number of cases, short duration of treatment, and the fact that none of our participants volunteered to undergo a biopsy to evaluate microscopic changes. Conclusions Cow placenta hair-tonic lotion can be as effective as minoxidil 2% for female pattern AGA.
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Low-level laser therapy and narrative review of other treatment modalities in androgenetic alopecia. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1239-1244. [PMID: 32162134 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), also termed as androgenic alopecia or common baldness, is a condition where there is androgen mediated conversion of susceptible terminal hair into vellus hair. Although it is reported more commonly in males, it also affects females but the incidence is relatively unknown. AGA tremendously affects the psychology of the patient due to its chronicity of treatment and cosmetic implications. There are numerous treatment options available for AGA but the choice of treatment has to often be tailored according to the patient's needs, affordability, and compliance. This review focusses on the various treatment options available, with special emphasis on the role of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the management of AGA. The literature research considered published journal articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles available in English were considered for this review.
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Triyangkulsri K, Srisuwanwattana P, Sriphojanart T, Suchonwanit P. Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Dermatol 2019; 11:297-302. [PMID: 31762744 PMCID: PMC6873076 DOI: 10.1159/000503681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) is a relatively new entity in the family of cicatricial alopecia. It has been categorized as a member of the lichen planopilaris (LPP) group due to its similarity in clinical and histopathological presentation. Nonetheless, the disease earns its own entity due to its lichenoid inflammation exclusively involving miniaturized hair and area of involvement mimicking pattern hair loss which differentiates itself from other types of LPP or pattern hair loss. Since its first introduction by Zinkernagel and Trüeb in 2000, there have been only few case reports and series of FAPD. We herein report a case of FAPD in a postmenopausal woman who had progressive hair loss over the course of 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korn Triyangkulsri
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ploychompoo Srisuwanwattana
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tueboon Sriphojanart
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poonkiat Suchonwanit
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Butt G, Hussain I, Ahmed FJ, Choudhery MS. Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia patients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:996-1001. [PMID: 30393988 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a patterned hair loss in both males and females, is a commonly occurring disease worldwide. Conventionally, no curative or satisfactory treatment is available for this condition. Therefore, in the current study, we aim to use platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an alternative treatment option for the AGA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 patients (20 men and 10 women) with AGA were included in the study between February 2017 and November 2017. Blood (9 cc) from each AGA patient was collected in 10 cc syringe, and PRP was isolated using commercially available kit under sterilized conditions. Isolated PRP was injected in the bald areas of scalp of AGA patients. The whole procedure was repeated after one month (two treatment sessions), and patients were followed for six months. The efficacy of PRP for restoration of hair was assessed using parameters such as hair density, terminal to vellus hair ratio, photographs, pull test, physician global assessment score, and patient global assessment score. RESULTS Mean hair density on first visit (before treatment) was 34.18 ± 14.36/cm2 which was increased to 50.20 ± 15.91/cm2 after 6 months of first treatment (P value <0.05). On a scale of three, mean scores of physician and patient global assessments were 1.45 ± 0.57 and 1.60 ± 0.62, respectively. Mean percentage reduction of hair pulled was 29.2% (P value <0.05) after PRP treatment. Terminal to vellus hair ratio was increased in 60% of patients after PRP therapy. No remarkable adverse effects were noted in patients. CONCLUSION Results showed that PRP is an effective treatment option in androgenetic alopecia as indicated by higher hair density, satisfactory physician and patient global assessment scores, and increase in terminal to vellus hair ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Butt
- Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Hussain
- Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fridoon Jawad Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood S Choudhery
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hosking AM, Juhasz M, Atanaskova Mesinkovska N. Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Alopecia: A Comprehensive Review. Skin Appendage Disord 2019; 5:72-89. [PMID: 30815439 PMCID: PMC6388561 DOI: 10.1159/000492035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of alopecia is limited by a lack of therapies that induce and sustain disease remission. Given the negative psychosocial impact of hair loss, patients that do not see significant hair restoration with conventional therapies often turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Although there are a variety of CAM treatment options on the market for alopecia, only a few are backed by multiple randomized controlled trials. Further, these modalities are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration and there is a lack of standardization of bioactive in gredients in over-the-counter vitamins, herbs, and supplements. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of CAM, including natural products and mind and body practices, in the treatment of hair loss. Overall, there is a need for additional studies investigating CAM for alopecia with more robust clinical design and standardized, quantitative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Marie Hosking
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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42
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Almohanna HM, Ahmed AA, Tsatalis JP, Tosti A. The Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Hair Loss: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018; 9:51-70. [PMID: 30547302 PMCID: PMC6380979 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-018-0278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
People commonly inquire about vitamin and mineral supplementation and diet as a means to prevent or manage dermatological diseases and, in particular, hair loss. Answering these queries is frequently challenging, given the enormous and conflicting evidence that exists on this subject. There are several reasons to suspect a role for micronutrients in non-scarring alopecia. Micronutrients are major elements in the normal hair follicle cycle, playing a role in cellular turnover, a frequent occurrence in the matrix cells in the follicle bulb that are rapidly dividing. Management of alopecia is an essential aspect of clinical dermatology given the prevalence of hair loss and its significant impact on patients’ quality of life. The role of nutrition and diet in treating hair loss represents a dynamic and growing area of inquiry. In this review we summarize the role of vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, iron, selenium, and zinc, in non-scarring alopecia. A broad literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed in July 2018 to compile published articles that study the relationship between vitamins and minerals, and hair loss. Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals play an important, but not entirely clear role in normal hair follicle development and immune cell function. Deficiency of such micronutrients may represent a modifiable risk factor associated with the development, prevention, and treatment of alopecia. Given the role of vitamins and minerals in the hair cycle and immune defense mechanism, large double-blind placebo-controlled trials are required to determine the effect of specific micronutrient supplementation on hair growth in those with both micronutrient deficiency and non-scarring alopecia to establish any association between hair loss and such micronutrient deficiency. Plain Language Summary: Plain language summary available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind M Almohanna
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azhar A Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad General Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - John P Tsatalis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave. Suite 2175, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave. Suite 2175, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Sadgrove NJ. The new paradigm for androgenetic alopecia and plant-based folk remedies: 5α-reductase inhibition, reversal of secondary microinflammation and improving insulin resistance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:206-236. [PMID: 30195058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Research in the past half a century has gradually sketched the biological mechanism leading to androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Until recently the aetiological paradigm has been too limited to enable intelligent commentary on the use of folk remedies to treat or reduce the expression of this condition. However, our understanding is now at a point where we can describe how some folk remedies work, predict how effective they will be or why they fail. RESULTS The new paradigm of AGA is that inheritance and androgens (dihydrotestosterone) are the primary contributors and a secondary pathology, microinflammation, reinforces the process at more advanced stages of follicular miniaturisation. The main protagonist to microinflammation is believed to be microbial or Demodex over-colonisation of the infundibulum of the pilosebaceous unit, which can be ameliorated by antimicrobial/acaricidal or anti-inflammatory therapies that are used as adjuvants to androgen dependent treatments (either synthetic or natural). Furthermore, studies reveal that suboptimal androgen metabolism occurs in both AGA and insulin resistance (low SHBG or high DHT), suggesting comorbidity. Both can be ameliorated by dietary phytochemicals, such as specific classes of phenols (isoflavones, phenolic methoxy abietanes, hydroxylated anthraquinones) or polycyclic triterpenes (sterols, lupanes), by dual inhibition of key enzymes in AGA (5α-reductase) and insulin resistance (ie., DPP-4 or PTP1B) or agonism of nuclear receptors (PPARγ). Evidence strongly indicates that some plant-based folk remedies can ameliorate both primary and secondary aetiological factors in AGA and improve insulin resistance, or act merely as successful adjuvants to mainstream androgen dependent therapies. CONCLUSION Thus, if AGA is viewed as an outcome of primary and secondary factors, then it is better that a 'multimodal' or 'umbrella' approach, to achieve cessation and/or reversal, is put into practice, using complementation of chemical species (isoflavones, anthraquinones, procyanidins, triterpenes, saponins and hydrogen sulphide prodrugs), thereby targeting multiple 'factors'.
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Epstein GK, Epstein JS. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction for Hair Loss: Current Status. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2018; 26:503-511. [PMID: 30213430 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The current state of the applicability of cell therapy for the treatment of various conditions of hair loss reveals a promising and potentially effective role. Further research, based on published work to date, is indicated to further explore the potential roles of autologous fat grafting, mesenchymal stem cells, and stromal vascular fraction therapy. The authors' evolving experience matches these promising scientific findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorana Kuka Epstein
- BelPrime Clinic, Department for Hair Restoration "Hair Center Serbia", Brane Crncevica 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Research, Foundation for Hair Restoration, 6280 Sunset Drive, Suite 504, Miami, FL 33143, USA; Department of Research, Foundation for Hair Restoration, 60e 56th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Jeffrey S Epstein
- Foundation for Hair Restoration, 6280 Sunset Drive, Miami, FL 33143, USA; Foundation for Hair Restoration, 6280 Sunset Drive, Suite 504, Miami, FL 33143, USA; Foundation for Hair Restoration, 60e 56th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Wang X, Xiong C, Zhang L, Yang B, Wei R, Cui L, Xing X. Psychological assessment in 355 Chinese college students with androgenetic alopecia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11315. [PMID: 30075498 PMCID: PMC6081179 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the association of the psychological problems and androgenetic alopecia (AGA) gained the increasing attention, the psychosocial state in college students with AGA remains unknown. We recruited a total number of 355 college students with AGA from 18 universities in Southern China for interview. The Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) survey was used to assess the psychological state of these students. There were significant differences in somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobic anxiety, psychoticism, and global severity index (GSI) between college students with AGA and the controls. Moreover, regarding the impact of specialty, scores for the interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and phobic anxiety in medical students and art students with AGA were significantly higher than other professions. In addition, obsessive-compulsive and GSI in art students with AGA were significantly higher compared with other professions. These findings suggested that the therapeutic approach for the psychological problems should be considered in the tailored treatment for AGA in the college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Chunping Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rongfang Wei
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Liqian Cui
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Xiangbin Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
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Sorbellini E, Pinto D, Marzani B, Rinaldi F. Drug Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia: First Italian Questionnaire Survey on What Dermatologists Think about Finasteride. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018; 8:259-267. [PMID: 29574572 PMCID: PMC6002321 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-018-0233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment with finasteride 1 mg/day represents the therapy of choice for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We investigated how Italian dermatologists approach use of finasteride for treatment of AGA and common side effects reported by patients. METHODS A tablet-based survey was conducted from February 2017 to January 2018 in Italy to investigating use of 1 mg/day finasteride in the treatment of AGA. Approximately 1153 Italian dermatologists were surveyed about prescription frequency, therapy duration, treatment practices, and side effects eventually reported. RESULTS Dermatologists considered treatment with 1 mg/day finasteride to be the most efficacious treatment for AGA, as reflecting by its long-term (5 years) prescription. Data on sexual side effects from our survey are in line with previous scientific evidence, especially regarding loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, and problems with ejaculation, but also in the psychological sphere and regarding physical impairments such as myalgia and loss of muscle tone. CONCLUSIONS This is the first preliminary observational study on how Italian dermatologists approach use of finasteride to treat AGA. Although side effects have been reported, especially in the sexual sphere, lack of alternative treatments with the same efficacy leads dermatologists to prescribe 1 mg/day finasteride with a tendency to prolong therapy in the long term. FUNDING Giuliani S.p.A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Pinto
- International Hair Research Foundation (IHRF), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Rinaldi
- International Hair Research Foundation (IHRF), Milan, Italy.
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Au JK, Palma Diaz MF, Aghaloo T, St John MA. Scaffold-Assisted Artificial Hair Implantation in a Rat Model. JAMA FACIAL PLAST SU 2018; 20:230-237. [PMID: 29285533 PMCID: PMC6145790 DOI: 10.1001/jamafacial.2017.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Current treatments for alopecia with autograft hair transplantation face limitations that may preclude complete hair restoration and leave patients with donor site scars. Scaffold assisted artificial hair implantation as demonstrated in a rat model may provide an adjunct for hair restoration without donor site morbidity. OBJECTIVE To design and create porous high-density polyethylene (PHDPE) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) hair-bearing scaffolds and evaluate their biocompatibility in a rat model. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS For this single-institution randomized prospective animal study, 34 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly selected into 2 groups: 24 rats for direct implantation and 10 rats for delayed implantation. The direct-implantation group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups of 8 rats, which were observed for 2, 12, and 24 week. INTERVENTIONS Each rat dorsum was implanted with 4 scaffolds-PHDPE and ePTFE with and without hair-in a randomized 4-quadrant manner. The rats in the direct-implantation group were observed to their selected time points of 2, 12, and 24 weeks. The rats in the delayed-implantation group were observed for 4 weeks at which, all well-healed scaffolds without hair were then percutaneously implanted with 2 follicular units of hair. These rats were then observed for another 4 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES During the clinical observation period, scaffolds were observed for signs of infection, extrusion, and persistence of follicular units. Following sacrifice, sagittal sections of scaffold and surrounding skin were fixed in formalin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and evaluated for degree of fibrovascular invasion and acute and chronic inflammation. RESULTS Overall 94.5% (86 of 91) of the scaffolds were well healed at time of evaluation (2 week, 100% [32 of 32]; 12 week, 96.3% [26 of 27]; 24 week, 87.5% [28 of 32]); while 85.6% of artificial hair follicular units were intact at time of evaluation (2 week, 93.8% [30 of 32]; 12 week, 86.7% [26 of 30]; 24 week, 75.0% [21 of 28]). Within the delayed implant group 100% (19 of 19) of the hair-implanted scaffolds were well healed at 8 weeks, with 94.7% (36 of 38) of the follicular units intact; 100% of the delayed-hair implant scaffolds were well healed with 86.1% (36 of 38) of the follicular units intact. Kaplan-Meier log-rank analysis showed no significant difference in survival between ePTFE and PHDPE scaffolds, as well as scaffolds with hair and scaffolds without hair. Upon histological analysis, overall scaffolds with hair were noted to have greater chronic inflammation (95% CI, -0.81 to -1.10; P = .01), and PHDPE was noted to have significantly great fibrovascular integration (95% CI, -11.42 to -1.96; P = .01) compared with ePTFE. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Overall, PHDPE and ePTFE hair bearing scaffolds were well tolerated in a rat model. Progressive loss of artificial hair may be percutaneously implanted without significant increases in infection or extrusion. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Au
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Miguel Fernando Palma Diaz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tara Aghaloo
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California
| | - Maie A St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Uzoigwe CE, Sanchez Franco LC, Gascon Conde I, Sanchez Campoy A. Male pattern hair loss: Taking one for the team: The selfless gene. Med Hypotheses 2018; 114:1-4. [PMID: 29602452 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Male pattern hair loss (MPHL) is exceedingly common. It is characterised by onset in early adulthood and progression with age. It has a strong heritable component. The reason for its existence remains unexplained. Given that MPHL is progressive and has its earliest manifestations in young adults it may be a barometer of age. Here we suggest that MPHL may have atavistically allowed women in our species and ancestor species to select younger (but not necessarily the youngest) adult mates. Evidence suggests that conceptions by younger fathers are more likely to lead to live births and less likely to result in miscarriage. Further children fathered by younger men may have improved health and be less likely to suffer from a number of co-morbidities. This is collectively known as the "paternal age affect". Hence the selection of younger males mediated by the MPHL may improve the fitness of the population and of the species at the expense of the individual. Indeed MPHL may have been an evolutionary "nudge" directing women to favour younger partners. It is conceivable that for a species whose success is predicated upon co-operation, collaboration and altruism the gene cannot be exclusively selfish and must have a selfless allele.
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Characterization of minoxidil/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in aqueous alginate gel useful for alopecia management: Efficacy evaluation in male rat. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 122:146-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Delaney SW, Zhang P. Systematic review of low-level laser therapy for adult androgenic alopecia. J COSMET LASER THER 2017; 20:229-236. [PMID: 29286826 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1400170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alopecia is a common disorder affecting over half of the world's population. Within this condition, androgenic alopecia (AA) is the most common type, affecting 50% of males over 40 and 75% of females over 65. Anecdotal paradoxical hypertrichosis noted during laser epilation has generated interest in the possibility of using laser to stimulate hair growth. In this study, we aimed to critically appraise the application of low-level laser therapy for the treatment of AA in adults. A systematic review was performed on studies identified on Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane database, and clinicaltrials.org. Double-blinded randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed quantitatively (meta-analysis) and qualitatively (quality of evidence, risk of bias). Low-level laser therapy appears to be a promising noninvasive treatment for AA in adults that is safe for self-administration in the home setting. Although shown to effectively stimulate hair growth when compared to sham devices, these results must be interpreted with caution. Further studies with larger samples, longer follow-up, and independent funding sources are necessary to determine the clinical effectiveness of this novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W Delaney
- a Facial Plastic Surgery Associates , Houston, Texas, USA.,b Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School , University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston , USA
| | - Paul Zhang
- c Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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