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Teliti M, Fanfulla F, Croce L, Coperchini F, Rotondi M. The interplay between subclinical hypothyroidism and poor sleep quality: A systematic review. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 126:49-55. [PMID: 38548514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SHYPO) and sleep disturbances is still poorly investigated. This systematic review aims to critically appraise the existing literature to provide more insights in understanding whether SHYPO favors sleep disturbances or it is the sleep disturbance per se that affects the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis regulation. METHODS Original studies on sleep quality and duration in patients with SHYPO were searched in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. RESULTS Eight studies, including 2916 patients with SHYPO and 18,574 healthy controls, were retrieved. An overall agreement (7 out of 8 studies), about a positive correlation between decreased sleep quality and/or duration and SHYPO was observed. Five studies investigated sleep quality through self-reported surveys; only two studies explored both subjective and objective assessment of sleep quality with actigraphy (n = 1) or polysomnography (n = 1); finally, one study assessed subjective evaluation of sleep quality through a single question regarding the number of sleeping hours. A high level of heterogeneity among studies was manifest due to differences in population source, sleep measure assessment and criteria for diagnosing SHYPO. DISCUSSION Overall, the existing literature data suggest a link between SHYPO and sleep disturbances, but further studies on larger populations of patients with homogeneous study designs and outcomes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsida Teliti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy; Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via S. Maugeri 4, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Francesco Fanfulla
- Unit of Respiratory Function and Sleep Medicine, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Laura Croce
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy; Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via S. Maugeri 4, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Francesca Coperchini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy; Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via S. Maugeri 4, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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2
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Cavanaugh D, Urbanucci A, Mohamed NE, Tewari AK, Figueiro M, Kyprianou N. Link between circadian rhythm and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Prostate 2024; 84:417-425. [PMID: 38193363 PMCID: PMC10922447 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urologic disease in aging males, affecting 50% of men over 50 and up to 80% of men over 80 years old. Its negative impact on health-related quality of life implores further investigation into its risk factors and strategies for effective management. Although the exact molecular mechanisms underlying pathophysiological onset of BPH are poorly defined, the current hypothesized contributors to BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) include aging, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and hormonal changes. These processes are indirectly influenced by circadian rhythm disruption. In this article, we review the recent evidence on the potential association of light changes/circadian rhythm disruption and the onset of BPH and impact on treatment. METHODS A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar to identify supporting evidence. The articles referenced ranged from 1975 to 2023. RESULTS A clear relationship between BPH/LUTS and circadian rhythm disruption is yet to be established. However, common mediators influence both diseases, including proinflammatory states, metabolic syndrome, and hormonal regulation that can be asserted to circadian disruption. Some studies have identified a possible relationship between general LUTS and sleep disturbance, but little research has been done on the medical management of these diseases and how circadian rhythm disruption further affects treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence to implicate a relationship between BPH/LUTS and circadian rhythm disruptions. However, there is scarce literature on potential specific link in medical management of the disease and treatment outcomes with circadian rhythm disruption. Further study is warranted to provide BPH patients with insights into circadian rhythm directed appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Cavanaugh
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alfonso Urbanucci
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and FiCanMid, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nihal E. Mohamed
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashutosh K. Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariana Figueiro
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Light and Health Research Center, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Mount Sinai Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Wang YF, Luo YF, Mhalgi A, Ren WY, Wu LF. Association of Self-Reported Sleep Characteristics and Hip Fracture: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Studies. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11070926. [PMID: 37046853 PMCID: PMC10094697 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11070926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous observational studies on the relationship between sleep characteristics and fracture have yielded contradictory results. The goal of this study was to replicate the findings in a large longitudinal cohort and then conduct a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to infer the causality between sleep behaviors and fracture risk. Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) including 17,708 participants, we found that individuals with short sleep duration (<5 h) (OR [odds ratio] = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.07-2.44) or restless sleep (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.10-2.19) have a higher risk of hip fracture. A U-shaped relationship between nighttime sleep duration and hip fracture risk (p-nonlinear = 0.01) was observed using restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Through joint effect analysis, we found that participants with short sleep duration (<5 h) combined with midday napping could significantly decrease hip fracture incidence. We further inferred the causal relationship between self-reported sleep behaviors and hip fracture using the MR approach. Among four sleep phenotypic parameters (sleep duration, daytime napping, chronotype, and insomnia), we found a modest causal relationship between sleep duration and fracture (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48 to 0.99, p = 0.04). However, no causal relationship was observed for other sleep traits. In conclusion, our findings suggest that short sleep duration has a potential detrimental effect on hip fracture. Improving sleep patterns is of significance for developing hip fracture preventive strategies in the middle-aged and the elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu-Feng Luo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Asmi Mhalgi
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen-Yan Ren
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Long-Fei Wu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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4
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Mochón-Benguigui S, Carneiro-Barrera A, Dote-Montero M, Castillo MJ, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Sleep and Anabolic/Catabolic Hormonal Profile in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: The FIT-AGEING Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314709. [PMID: 36499035 PMCID: PMC9739476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep quality plays an important role in the modulation of several aging markers. This influence could be explained by aging-induced hormonal changes. Indeed, poor sleep quality has been associated with the development of several endocrine-related health complications. This study examined the relationship of both subjective and objective sleep quantity and quality, with basal levels of selected plasma anabolic and catabolic hormones in sedentary middle-aged adults. A total of 74 volunteers (52.7% women; aged 53.7 ± 5.1) were recruited for this study. Subjective sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; higher scores indicate worse sleep quality), and objective sleep quality parameters (total sleep time [TST], wake after sleep onset [WASO], and sleep efficiency [SE]) were measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer. Basal levels of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), somatotropin, and cortisol levels, were determined. Free testosterone was calculated from the total testosterone and SHBG levels. No associations of global PSQI score, TST, WASO, and SE with DHEAS, free testosterone, and somatotropin plasma levels were found, neither in men nor in women (all p ≥ 0.05). Global PSQI score was inversely related to cortisol plasma levels in women (p = 0.043). WASO was positively associated with cortisol plasma levels, while SE was negatively associated with cortisol plasma levels in women (all p ≤ 0.027). Sleep quality is not related to levels of plasma anabolic hormones, but to levels of catabolic hormones, in sedentary middle-aged adults. Therefore, these results suggest that potential changes in aging biomarkers associated with sleep disturbances, could be mediated by age-related changes in the catabolic endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Mochón-Benguigui
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Almudena Carneiro-Barrera
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Seville, Spain
- Sleep and Health Promotion Laboratory, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Dote-Montero
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Castillo
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Li Y, Zhou X, Qiu S, Cai B, Wang S, Chen L, Hu D, Jiang Z, Wang M, Xiong X, Jin K, Wei Q, Yang L, Ma L. Association of sleep quality with lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia among men in China: A cross-sectional study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:938407. [PMID: 36353690 PMCID: PMC9637838 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.938407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective As the population aged, voiding dysfunction has been steadily rising among males during the past decade. Increasing evidence showed that sleep disorders are associated with an increasing risk of various diseases, but the association between sleep disorders and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) among Chinese males have not been well characterized. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS) 2019-2021. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) in Chinese version. LUTS/BPH as a dependent variable of a binary variable, assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the correlation between sleep disorders and the risk of LUTS/BPH after adjusting for confounding factors. Results 11,824 eligible Chinese men participated in this cross-sectional survey. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variables, global PSQI score (OR: 1.257, 1.119-1.411, p < 0.001) and its six compounds (Subjective sleep quality: OR: 1.376, 1.004-1.886, p = 0.048; Sleep latency: OR: 0.656, 0.557-0.773, p < 0.001; Sleep duration: OR: 1.441, 1.189-1.745, p < 0.001; Habitual sleep efficiency: OR: 1.369, 1.193-1.570, p < 0.001; Daytime dysfunction: OR: 1.702, 1.278-2.267, p < 0.001) except the use of sleep drug subgroup were significantly positively correlated with LUTS/BPH prevalence. Significant interaction effects were observed in age subgroups (age-young group: age < 51; age-middle group: 51 ≤ age ≤ 61; age-older group: age > 61) (P < 0.05). Among older participants, sleep disorders were more significantly associated with the risk of LUTS/BPH. Conclusion There was a significant association between poor sleep quality and increased prevalence of LUTS/BPH, especially among the elderly male population, suggesting an important role of healthy sleep in reducing prostate disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Clinical Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Boyu Cai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Clinical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Clinical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongyuan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingda Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Xiong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lu Yang,
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Hospital Management of West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,The First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, China,Li Ma,
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6
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Abstract
Sleep is a key determinant of healthy and cognitive aging. Sleep patterns change with aging, independent of other factors, and include advanced sleep timing, shortened nocturnal sleep duration, increased frequency of daytime naps, increased number of nocturnal awakenings and time spent awake during the night, and decreased slow-wave sleep. The sleep-related hormone secretion changes with aging. Most changes seem to occur between young and middle adulthood; sleep parameters remain largely unchanged among healthy older adults. The circadian system and sleep homeostatic mechanisms become less robust with normal aging. The causes of sleep disturbances in older adults are multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Li
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3624 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nalaka S Gooneratne
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Box 356560, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, USA
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7
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Luo B, Zhou X, Tang Q, Yin Y, Feng G, Li S, Chen L. Circadian rhythms affect bone reconstruction by regulating bone energy metabolism. J Transl Med 2021; 19:410. [PMID: 34579752 PMCID: PMC8477514 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is one of the most complex cellular biochemical reactions, providing energy and substances for basic activities such as cell growth and proliferation. Early studies have shown that glucose is an important nutrient in osteoblasts. In addition, amino acid metabolism and fat metabolism also play important roles in bone reconstruction. Mammalian circadian clocks regulate the circadian cycles of various physiological functions. In vertebrates, circadian rhythms are mediated by a set of central clock genes: muscle and brain ARNT like-1 (Bmal1), muscle and brain ARNT like-2 (Bmal2), circadian rhythmic motion output cycle stagnates (Clock), cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), cryptochrome2 (Cry2), period 1 (Per1), period 2 (Per2), period 3 (Per3) and neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2). Negative feedback loops, controlled at both the transcriptional and posttranslational levels, adjust these clock genes in a diurnal manner. According to the results of studies on circadian transcriptomic studies in several tissues, most rhythmic genes are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and are affected by tissue-specific circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythm regulates several activities, including energy metabolism, feeding time, sleeping, and endocrine and immune functions. It has been reported that the circadian rhythms of mammals are closely related to bone metabolism. In this review, we discuss the regulation of the circadian rhythm/circadian clock gene in osteoblasts/osteoclasts and the energy metabolism of bone, and the relationship between circadian rhythm, bone remodeling, and energy metabolism. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of regulating circadian rhythms or changing energy metabolism on bone development/bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guangxia Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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8
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Melatonin: From Neurobiology to Treatment. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091121. [PMID: 34573143 PMCID: PMC8468230 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, the major regulator of the sleep/wake cycle, also plays important physiological and pharmacological roles in the control of neuronal plasticity and neuroprotection. Accordingly, the secretion of this hormone reaches the maximal extent during brain development (childhood-adolescence) while it is greatly reduced during aging, a condition associated to altered sleep pattern and reduced neuronal plasticity. Altogether, these properties of melatonin have allowed us to demonstrate in both experimental models and clinical studies the great chronobiotic efficacy and sleep promoting effects of exogenous melatonin. Thus, the prolonged release formulation of melatonin, present as a drug in the pharmaceutical market, has been recently recommended for the treatment of insomnia in over 55 years old subjects.
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Abstract
Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a rare but treatable cause of short stature. The diagnosis requires a careful evaluation of clinical history, physical examination and appropriate interpretation of longitudinal growth, with specific features for each period of life. Other clinical findings, in addition to growth failure, may be present and can be related to the etiology and to associated hormone deficiencies. Despite more than 50 years since the first reports of provocative tests of growth hormone (GH) secretion for the diagnosis of GHD, the interpretation of the results remains a matter of debate. When GHD is confirmed, GH treatment is recommended. Treatment is effective and safe, but requires daily injections during many years, which can affect adherence. At the end of longitudinal growth, during the transition phase, it might be necessary to re-evaluate GH secretion. This review summarizes and updates the recent information related to GHD in children, as well the recommendations for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C S Boguszewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrine Division (SEMPR), University Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
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10
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Romanella SM, Roe D, Tatti E, Cappon D, Paciorek R, Testani E, Rossi A, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. The Sleep Side of Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Sleep Med 2021; 77:209-225. [PMID: 32912799 PMCID: PMC8364256 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
As we age, sleep patterns undergo significant modifications in micro and macrostructure, worsening cognition and quality of life. These are associated with remarkable brain changes, like deterioration in synaptic plasticity, gray and white matter, and significant modifications in hormone levels. Sleep alterations are also a core component of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD night time is characterized by a gradual decrease in slow-wave activity and a substantial reduction of REM sleep. Sleep abnormalities can accelerate AD pathophysiology, promoting the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau. Thus, interventions that target sleep disturbances in elderly people and MCI patients have been suggested as a possible strategy to prevent or decelerate conversion to dementia. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacological medications are still first-line treatments, despite being scarcely effective, new interventions have been proposed, such as sensory stimulation and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation (NiBS). The present review outlines the current state of the art of the relationship between sleep modifications in healthy aging and the neurobiological mechanisms underlying age-related changes. Furthermore, we provide a critical analysis showing how sleep abnormalities influence the prognosis of AD pathology by intensifying Aβ and tau protein accumulation. We discuss potential therapeutic strategies to target sleep disruptions and conclude that there is an urgent need for testing new therapeutic sleep interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Romanella
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
| | - D Roe
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Tatti
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, CUNY, School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Cappon
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Paciorek
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Testani
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Neurology, Policlinico Santa Maria Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E Santarnecchi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Romanella SM, Roe D, Paciorek R, Cappon D, Ruffini G, Menardi A, Rossi A, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. Sleep, Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, and the Aging Brain: Challenges and Opportunities. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 61:101067. [PMID: 32380212 PMCID: PMC8363192 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As we age, sleep patterns undergo severe modifications of their micro and macrostructure, with an overall lighter and more fragmented sleep structure. In general, interventions targeting sleep represent an excellent opportunity not only to maintain life quality in the healthy aging population, but also to enhance cognitive performance and, when pathology arises, to potentially prevent/slow down conversion from e.g. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Sleep abnormalities are, in fact, one of the earliest recognizable biomarkers of dementia, being also partially responsible for a cascade of cortical events that worsen dementia pathophysiology, including impaired clearance systems leading to build-up of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. In this context, Noninvasive Brain Stimulation (NiBS) techniques, such as transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), may help investigate the neural substrates of sleep, identify sleep-related pathology biomarkers, and ultimately help patients and healthy elderly individuals to restore sleep quality and cognitive performance. However, brain stimulation applications during sleep have so far not been fully investigated in healthy elderly cohorts, nor tested in AD patients or other related dementias. The manuscript discusses the role of sleep in normal and pathological aging, reviewing available evidence of NiBS applications during both wakefulness and sleep in healthy elderly individuals as well as in MCI/AD patients. Rationale and details for potential future brain stimulation studies targeting sleep alterations in the aging brain are discussed, including enhancement of cognitive performance, overall quality of life as well as protein clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Romanella
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Daniel Roe
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Paciorek
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Davide Cappon
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Arianna Menardi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Siena Robotics and Systems Lab (SIRS-Lab), Engineering and Mathematics Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Garrett MD. Multiple Causes of Dementia as Engineered Senescence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 2. [DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.2.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
All traumas—cranial, cardiovascular, hormone, viral, bacterial, fungi, parasites, misfolded protein, genetic, behavior, environmental and medication—affect the brain. This paper itemizes studies showing the many different causes of dementia including Alzheimer’s disease. Causes interact with each other, act sequentially by preparing the optimal conditions for its successor, initiate other diseases, allow for other traumas to accumulate and degrade protective features of the brain. Since such age-related cognitive impairment is not exclusively a human attribute there might be support for an evolutionary theory of dementia. Relying on theories of antagonistic pleiotropy and polymorphism, the brain has been designed to sequester trauma. Because of increased longevity, the short-term tactic of sequestering trauma becomes a long-term liability. We are engineered to sequester these insults until a tipping point is reached. Dementia is an evolutionary trade-off for longevity. We cannot cure dementia without understanding the overall biology of aging.
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Sharma V, Kaur S. The Effect of Probiotic Intervention in Ameliorating the Altered Central Nervous System Functions in Neurological Disorders: A Review. Open Microbiol J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874285802014010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a significant rise in the occurrence of various neurological ailments worldwide. The need to investigate newer and safer intervention therapies with prophylactic and/or therapeutic effects is well understood. Probiotics have recently been shown to hold promise as an intervention option that warrants future work. Probiotic strains have shown beneficial treatment outcomes as evidenced in various animal and human studies. Although numerous articles have highlighted the role of gut microbiota and its cross-talk with human brain in modulating Central Nervous System (CNS) physiology and neurochemistry, the present review solely focuses on the ability of externally administered probiotic strains (that may or may not be part of the already existing gut microflora of an average human) in ameliorating the altered CNS functions in patients. The review aims at giving a comprehensive analysis of the studies performed on animals and humans and discusses the findings in different neurological and psychiatric disorders (Anxiety, Major Depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, cognitive impairmentsetc). The article also highlights different mechanisms through which the probiotic bacteria operate in improving neurologic manifestations or decreasing the incidence of neurological disorders. These underlying mechanisms include both direct as well as indirect pathways involving neural, hormonal and immunological pathways. The potential of probiotics as an important dietary modification as well as a useful intervention therapy with preventive and therapeutic value for the target population holds strong. However, future evaluation into formulation designing, selecting the best probiotic strain(s) for each specific disease and safety and tolerability aspects in patients needs to be considered.
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Ouanes S, Popp J. High Cortisol and the Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of the Literature. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:43. [PMID: 30881301 PMCID: PMC6405479 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cortisol effects on the brain are exerted through two distinct receptors, inducing complex and even opposite effects on the cerebral structures implicated in the various cognitive functions. High cortisol may also have deleterious effects on the brain structures and contribute to neurodegeneration, in particular Alzheimer’s disease (AD), via different mechanisms. Objective: To examine the interrelationships between cortisol, cognitive impairment and AD. Methods: Review of the literature. Results: Clinical studies found that elevated cortisol was associated with poorer overall cognitive functioning, as well as with poorer episodic memory, executive functioning, language, spatial memory, processing speed, and social cognition; while in animals, glucocorticoid administration resulted in cognitive impairment and abnormal behavior. In cognitively healthy subjects, higher cortisol levels have been associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and AD. Subjects with dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) due to AD have been found to have higher CSF cortisol levels than cognitively healthy controls. Elevated CSF cortisol may also be associated with a more rapid cognitive decline in MCI due to AD. Elevated cortisol levels have been also found in delirium. High cortisol may mediate the impact of stressful life events, high neuroticism, depression, sleep disturbances, as well as cardiovascular risk factors on cognitive performance, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. High cortisol may also exert neurotoxic effects on the hippocampus, and promote oxidative stress and amyloid β peptide toxicity. Further possible underlying mechanisms include the interactions of cortisol with inflammatory mediators, neurotransmitters, and growth factors. Conclusion: Elevated cortisol levels may exert detrimental effects on cognition and contribute to AD pathology. Further studies are needed to investigate cortisol-reducing and glucocorticoidreceptor modulating interventions to prevent cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Ouanes
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Cery, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Cery, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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15
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Coquoz A, Gruetter C, Stute P. Impact of micronized progesterone on body weight, body mass index, and glucose metabolism: a systematic review. Climacteric 2018; 22:148-161. [PMID: 30477366 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1514003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In women, body weight increases with age. Often menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is blamed for enhancing this effect. In recent years, the debate on bioidentical MHT including micronized progesterone (MP) has increased. Among others, the question has been raised of whether MHT containing MP has an impact on body weight and glucose metabolism. Based on a systematic literature review on the impact of MHT containing MP on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and glucose metabolism, the following conclusions can be drawn: estrogens combined with MP (1) either do not change or reduce body weight in normal weight postmenopausal women, (2) do not change BMI in normal and overweight postmenopausal women, (3) do not change or improve fasting serum glucose levels in (non-)diabetic postmenopausal women, (4) do not change or improve fasting serum insulin levels in (non-)diabetic postmenopausal women, and (5) do not have an impact on serum glycated hemoglobin in postmenopausal diabetic women. This beneficial effect is probably mostly due to the estrogen MHT component.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coquoz
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - C Gruetter
- b Department of Internal Medicine , Bürgerspital Solothurn , Solothurn , Switzerland
| | - P Stute
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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Zhou X, Yu R, Long Y, Zhao J, Yu S, Tang Q, Chen L. BMAL1 deficiency promotes skeletal mandibular hypoplasia via OPG downregulation. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12470. [PMID: 30117209 PMCID: PMC6528896 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Skeletal mandibular hypoplasia (SMH), a common type of developmental deformities, results in impaired aesthetics of facial profile, occlusal dysfunction and poor life quality. In this study, BMAL1 deficiency leads to SMH formation, and we aim to investigate the mechanism by which BMAL1 deficiency induces SMH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Circadian rhythm-disordered mouse models were constructed by placing animals in a jet lag schedule of 6-h light advance every 7 days for 4 or 8 weeks. The OPG expression was evaluated by histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. The mechanism by which BMAL1 affects OPG expression was investigated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. The phenotypes caused by BMAL1 knockout can be rescued by exogenous supplementation with OPG. RESULTS We demonstrate that the expressions of BMAL1 and OPG decreased in SMH patients. Circadian rhythm-disordered mice and Bmal1-/- mice exhibited decreased expression of OPG, reduced bone mass and bone size of mandibles. Our results revealed that BMAL1 bound directly to the Opg promoter and upregulated its expression, thus inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. BMAL1 deficiency increased osteoclast differentiation by downregulating OPG expression. In vitro, the enhancement effect of osteoclast differentiation caused by BMAL1 knockdown was significantly reversed by exogenous supplementation with OPG. Importantly, bone loss caused by BMAL1 knockout can be partially reversed by injecting OPG Intraperitoneally. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the circadian clock plays a critical role in the growth and development of mandible by regulating OPG expression, and present a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent SMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yanlin Long
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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Abstract
Sleep patterns change with aging, independent of other factors, and include advanced sleep timing, shortened nocturnal sleep duration, increased frequency of daytime naps, increased number of nocturnal awakenings and time spent awake during the night, and decreased slow wave sleep. Most of these changes seem to occur between young and middle adulthood; sleep parameters remain largely unchanged among healthy older adults. The circadian system and sleep homeostatic mechanisms become less robust with normal aging. The amount and pattern of sleep-related hormone secretion change as well. The causes of sleep disturbances in older adults are multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Li
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3624 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Box 356560, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, USA
| | - Nalaka S Gooneratne
- Geriatrics Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, 3615 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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18
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A Comparative Approach to Metabolic Aspects of Aging: Conserved Mechanisms and Effects of Calorie Restriction and Environment. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 155:109-127. [PMID: 29653678 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic systems and the function of these systems are complex, involving biochemical pathways, endocrine, neuroendocrine systems, and physiological systems and interact with environmental conditions. Studies in animal models have been invaluable in gaining an understanding of the mechanisms involved in metabolic endocrine changes during normal aging and with conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. Together, these studies have revealed some conserved mechanisms and identified specific biomarkers of aging related to metabolic changes. Further, characterization of these mechanisms provides an opportunity to develop interventions and treatments for both humans and other vertebrates. This chapter will provide an overview of age-related changes in metabolism from studies in human populations and the perspective of information gained from comparative animal models. Detailed molecular mechanisms and endocrine pathways have already been discussed in other chapters of this volume. Finally, calorie restriction (CR) has shown consistent benefit to age-related disease incidence with effects that has been consistent across animal models These studies on the effects of CR enable further discernment of disease versus healthy aging processes.
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Griesbach GS, Masel BE, Helvie RE, Ashley MJ. The Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Later Life: Effects on Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Neurotrauma 2017; 35:17-24. [PMID: 28920532 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute and chronic effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been widely described; however, there is limited knowledge on how a TBI sustained during early adulthood or mid-adulthood will influence aging. Epidemiological studies have explored whether TBI poses a risk for dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging. We will discuss the influence of TBI and resulting medical comorbidities such as endocrine, sleep, and inflammatory disturbances on age-related gray and white matter changes and cognitive decline. Post mortem studies examining amyloid, tau, and other proteins will be discussed within the context of neurodegenerative diseases and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The data support the suggestion that pathological changes triggered by an earlier TBI will have an influence on normal aging processes and will interact with neurodegenerative disease processes rather than the development of a specific disease, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. Chronic neurophysiologic change after TBI may have detrimental effects on neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace S Griesbach
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Brent E Masel
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California.,3 University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Richard E Helvie
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California
| | - Mark J Ashley
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Tannenbaum
- Université de Montreal, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Canada
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21
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Zuppa C, Prado CH, Wieck A, Zaparte A, Barbosa A, Bauer ME. Acupuncture for sleep quality, BDNF levels and immunosenescence: A randomized controlled study. Neurosci Lett 2015; 587:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Swanson CM, Shea SA, Stone KL, Cauley JA, Rosen CJ, Redline S, Karsenty G, Orwoll ES. Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic bone disease: insights into the relationship between bone and sleep. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:199-211. [PMID: 25639209 PMCID: PMC4572893 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and low bone mass are two prevalent conditions, particularly among older adults-a section of the U.S. population that is expected to grow dramatically over the coming years. OSA, the most common form of sleep-disordered breathing, has been linked to multiple cardiovascular, metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory derangements and may have adverse effects on bone. However, little is known about how OSA (including the associated hypoxia and sleep loss) affects bone metabolism. In order to gain insight into the relationship between sleep and bone, we review the growing information on OSA and metabolic bone disease and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms by which OSA may affect bone metabolism/architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Swanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Zhang B, Hao Y, Zhou J, Jia F, Li X, Tang Y, Zheng H. The association between sleep patterns and overweight/obesity in Chinese children: a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015; 11:2209-16. [PMID: 26346134 PMCID: PMC4556246 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s90838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association between sleep patterns and the risk of being overweight/obese in Chinese children. METHODS A total of 3,086 children (1,608 boys and 1,478 girls) between 7 and 14 years of age and studying in primary schools were recruited as eligible study participants in this study. We collected the information about children regarding sleep patterns, body height and weight, insomnia, healthy status, time allocation of daily activities, and demographic characteristics using a parental-reported questionnaire. RESULTS Overweight/obese children were younger, predominantly male, and more prone to have suffered from illness in the past 12 months compared to normal-weight peers. They were also less prone to compensate for sleep deficits during weekends (47.6% vs 39.1%; χ (2)=11.637, P<0.001) and holidays (52.0% vs 42.0%; χ (2)=16.057, P<0.001). Sleep duration on weekdays did not affect the risk of being overweight/obese. The adjusted odds ratios for overweight/obesity (noncompensated) group using the compensated group as a reference were 1.197 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.004-1.493) during weekends and 1.309 (95% CI: 1.052-1.630) during holidays. CONCLUSION Compensation for sleep deficits on non-weekdays may ameliorate the risk of being overweight/obese in Chinese children. Moreover, no significant association between the risk of being overweight/obese and sleep duration on weekdays was demonstrated in the current study, which may be due to pervasive sleep insufficiency on weekdays in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyan Zhou
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Psychiatry, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujun Jia
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Li
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Zheng
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guang Zhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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