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Haq IU, Rahim K, Yahya G, Ijaz B, Maryam S, Paker NP. Eco-smart biocontrol strategies utilizing potent microbes for sustainable management of phytopathogenic diseases. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 44:e00859. [PMID: 39308938 PMCID: PMC11415593 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Plants have an impact on the economy because they are used in the food and medical industries. Plants are a source of macro- and micronutrients for the health of humans and animals; however, the rise in microbial diseases has put plant health and yield at risk. Because there are insufficient controls, microbial infections annually impact approximately 25 % of the world's plant crops. Alternative strategies, such as biocontrol, are required to fight these illnesses. This review discusses the potential uses of recently discovered microorganisms because they are safe, effective, and unlikely to cause drug resistance. They have no negative effects on soil microbiology or the environment because they are environmentally benign. Biological control enhances indigenous microbiomes by reducing bacterial wilt, brown blotch, fire blight, and crown gall. More research is required to make these biocontrol agents more stable, effective, and less toxic before they can be used in commercial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihtisham Ul Haq
- Programa de Pos-graduacao em Invacao Tecnologia, Universidade de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kashif Rahim
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich Str. 24, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Bushra Ijaz
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sajida Maryam
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Najeeba Parre Paker
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Schierling TE, Vogt W, Voegele RT, El-Hasan A. Efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Kosakonia sp. Both Independently and Combined with Fungicides against Botrytis cinerea on Strawberries. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:912. [PMID: 39335085 PMCID: PMC11428533 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The ascomycete Botrytis cinerea is a major pathogen of strawberry, often causing grey mold and significant yield losses. Its management has largely relied on chemical fungicides, which, while effective, can lead to resistant pathogens and harm to non-target organisms and pose health risks. Objectives: This study explored a strategy for minimizing chemical usage by combining biocontrol agents (BCAs) with half-strength fungicide input. Results: In vitro results of fungicide-amended culture plates indicated that the presence of 625 µg mL-1 Azoxystrobin exhibited no growth inhibition of T. atroviride T19 and T. harzianum T16 but increased conidial density of T16 by 90%. Copper (750 µg mL-1) did not suppress the growth of T. virens TVSC or T16 but rather promoted it by 9.5% and 6%, respectively. Additionally, copper increased T16 sporulation by 1.4-fold. Greenhouse trials demonstrated that combining T23 with half-strength Azoxystrobin was as effective as the full dosage in suppressing flower rot. Among the antagonists assessed, Kosakonia sp. exhibited the lowest incidence of fruit rot, whereas T23 resulted in a moderate incidence. Moreover, the combination of T16 or Kosakonia sp. with half-strength copper was almost as effective as the full dosage in reducing fruit rot. Conclusions: Our findings suggest integrating these BCAs in the sustainable management of grey mold in strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom E Schierling
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Vogt
- Agrobiota, Vor dem Kreuzberg 17, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ralf T Voegele
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Abbas El-Hasan
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Str. 5, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Altieri V, Rossi V, Fedele G. Integration of mathematical modeling and target-based application of biocontrol agents for the control of Botrytis cinerea in vineyards. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:4352-4360. [PMID: 38634563 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biocontrol agents (BCAs) are alternatives to synthetic fungicides with low risk to the environment and human health. Although several studies on the biocontrol of gray mold in vineyards have been performed, it is necessary to improve the usage of BCAs in fields conditions. Therefore, in the present study, BCAs were used both in calendar-based [based on four growth stages (GSs), i.e., flowering, pre-bunch closure, veraison, and before harvest] and predictive model-based strategies (only when Botrytis cinerea infection risk was predicted by the model). The BCAs applied during the seasons were selected considering the grapevine GSs. Treatments performed with BCAs were compared with synthetic fungicide treatments and an untreated control. The trials were conducted in three experimental vineyards with four epidemics. To evaluate the level of gray mold control of each treatment, disease severity was assessed at harvest and the presence of latent infection was evaluated. RESULTS The integrative use of the predictive model and BCAs provided satisfactory levels of gray mold control, with gray mold severity levels significantly lower (P < 0.001) than those of the untreated control, which had severity values (< 7%) similar to those observed with synthetic fungicides following both calendar and model-based strategies. CONCLUSIONS The integrative use of the predictive model and BCAs represents a valid alternative to conventional methods of gray mold control in vineyards, with more than 75% reduction in fungicide usage. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Altieri
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DiProVeS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rossi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DiProVeS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fedele
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, DiProVeS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
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Andreata MFL, Afonso L, Niekawa ETG, Salomão JM, Basso KR, Silva MCD, Alves LC, Alarcon SF, Parra MEA, Grzegorczyk KG, Chryssafidis AL, Andrade G. Microbial Fertilizers: A Study on the Current Scenario of Brazilian Inoculants and Future Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2246. [PMID: 39204682 PMCID: PMC11360115 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The increasing need for sustainable agricultural practices, combined with the demand for enhanced crop productivity, has led to a growing interest in utilizing microorganisms for biocontrol of diseases and pests, as well as for growth promotion. In Brazilian agriculture, the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) has become increasingly prevalent, with a corresponding rise in the number of registered microbial inoculants each year. PGPR and PGPF occupy diverse niches within the rhizosphere, playing a crucial role in soil nutrient cycling and influencing a wide range of plant physiological processes. This review examines the primary mechanisms employed by these microbial agents to promote growth, as well as the strategy of co-inoculation to enhance product efficacy. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the microbial inoculants currently available in Brazil, detailing the microorganisms accessible for major crops, and discuss the market's prospects for the research and development of novel products in light of current challenges faced in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus F. L. Andreata
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Leandro Afonso
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Erika T. G. Niekawa
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Julio M. Salomão
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Kawany Roque Basso
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Maria Clara D. Silva
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Leonardo Cruz Alves
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Stefani F. Alarcon
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Maria Eugenia A. Parra
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | - Kathlen Giovana Grzegorczyk
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
| | | | - Galdino Andrade
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.L.A.); (L.A.); (E.T.G.N.); (J.M.S.); (K.R.B.); (M.C.D.S.); (L.C.A.); (S.F.A.); (M.E.A.P.); (K.G.G.)
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Alimi D, Hraoui M, Hajri A, Taamalli W, Selmi S, Sebai H. Bioactivity and molecular docking studies of selected plant compounds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4391-4399. [PMID: 38323805 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortcomings of synthetic pesticides are becoming increasingly evident. In the pursuit of looking for alternative, environmentally friendly pesticides, the potential use of two naturally occurring sesquiterpenes, α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A, as bactericides or acaricides, was investigated against three gram-positive and three gram-negative bacteria, and the eggs and larvae of the cattle tick Hyalomma scupense, respectively. The primary targeted site of synthetic insecticides is acetylcholinesterase (AChE), so the inhibitory activity of both sesquiterpenes was evaluated. Then, molecular docking and molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) studies were performed to gain insight into their binding mode in the AChE active site. RESULTS Bisabolol oxide A showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enteritidis with inhibition zones ranging from 16 to 34 mm and minimal inhibitory concentration (CIM) of 3.125 mg mL-1. Ovicidal and larvicidal assays revealed promising activity of α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A against H. scupense, with bisabolol oxide A being more effective against larval ticks with lethal concentration (LC50) value of 0.78%. Both compounds also displayed potent anti-AChE activity with inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 37.09 and 28.14 μg mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A exhibited good and comparable docking scores (-7.289 and -7.139 Kcal mol-1, respectively) and were found to accommodate in the active-site gorge of AChE via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. CONCLUSION Bisabolol oxide A and, to a lesser degree, α-bisabolol are active against bacteria and ectoparasites and may represent an economical and sustainable alternative to toxic synthetic pesticides to control pathogens. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Alimi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Manel Hraoui
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Azhar Hajri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Wael Taamalli
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
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Hafeez R, Guo J, Ahmed T, Ibrahim E, Ali MA, Rizwan M, Ijaz M, An Q, Wang Y, Wang J, Li B. Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveals the toxicity and mechanistic insights of bioformulated chitosan nanoparticles against Magnaporthe oryzae. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141904. [PMID: 38582174 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Rice blast, an extremely destructive disease caused by the filamentous fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, poses a global threat to the production of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The emerging trend of reducing dependence on chemical fungicides for crop protection has increased interest in exploring bioformulated nanomaterials as a sustainable alternative antimicrobial strategy for effectively managing plant diseases. Herein, we used physiomorphological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic methods to investigate the toxicity and molecular action mechanisms of moringa-chitosan nanoparticles (M-CNPs) against M. oryzae. Our results demonstrate that M-CNPs exhibit direct antifungal properties by impeding the growth and conidia formation of M. oryzae in a concentration-dependent manner. Propidium iodide staining indicated concentration-dependent significant apoptosis (91.33%) in the fungus. Ultrastructural observations revealed complete structural damage in fungal cells treated with 200 mg/L M-CNPs, including disruption of the cell wall and destruction of internal organelles. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed the intricate mechanism underlying the toxicity of M-CNPs against M. oryzae. The transcriptomics data indicated that exposure to M-CNPs disrupted various processes integral to cell membrane biosynthesis, aflatoxin biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, and nuclear integrity in M. oryzae., emphasizing the interaction between M-CNPs and fungal cells. Similarly, metabolomic profiling demonstrated that exposure to M-CNPs significantly altered the levels of several key metabolites involved in the integral components of metabolic pathways, microbial metabolism, histidine metabolism, citrate cycle, and lipid and protein metabolism in M. oryzae. Overall, these findings demonstrated the potent antifungal action of M-CNPs, with a remarkable impact at the physiological and molecular level, culminating in substantial apoptotic-like fungal cell death. This research provides a novel perspective on investigating bioformulated nanomaterials as antifungal agents for plant disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahila Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Md Arshad Ali
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Munazza Ijaz
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qianli An
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Cruz-Barrera M, Izquierdo-García LF, Gómez-Marroquín M, Santos-Díaz A, Uribe-Gutiérrez L, Moreno-Velandia CA. Hydrogel capsules as new delivery system for Trichoderma koningiopsis Th003 to control Rhizoctonia solani in rice (Oryza sativa). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:108. [PMID: 38403797 PMCID: PMC10894772 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of biological control agents (BCAs) such as Trichoderma spp. in agricultural systems favors the transition towards sustainable practices of plant nutrition and diseases control. Novel bioproducts for crop management are called to guarantee sustainable antagonism activity of BCAs and increase the acceptance of the farmers. The encapsulation in polymeric matrices play a prominent role for providing an effective carrier/protector and long-lasting bioproduct. This research aimed to study the influence of biopolymer in hydrogel capsules on survival and shelf-life of T. koningiopsis. Thus, two hydrogel capsules prototypes based on alginate (P1) and amidated pectin (P2), containing conidia of T. koningiopsis Th003 were formulated. Capsules were prepared by the ionic gelation method and calcium gluconate as crosslinker. Conidia releasing under different pH values of the medium, survival of conidia in drying capsules, storage stability, and biocontrol activity against rice sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) were studied. P2 prototype provided up to 98% survival to Th003 in fluid bed drying, faster conidia releasing at pH 5.8, storage stability greater than 6 months at 18 °C, and up to 67% of disease reduction. However, both biopolymers facilitate the antagonistic activity against R. solani, and therefore can be incorporated in novel hydrogel capsules-based biopreparations. This work incites to develop novel biopesticides-based formulations with potential to improve the delivery process in the target site and the protection of the active ingredient from the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Cruz-Barrera
- Bioproducts Department, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia.
| | - Luisa Fernanda Izquierdo-García
- Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory, Tibaitatá Research Center, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Magda Gómez-Marroquín
- Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory, Tibaitatá Research Center, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Adriana Santos-Díaz
- Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory, Tibaitatá Research Center, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Liz Uribe-Gutiérrez
- Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory, Tibaitatá Research Center, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Carlos Andrés Moreno-Velandia
- Agricultural Microbiology Laboratory, Tibaitatá Research Center, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera, Colombia
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Benigno A, Aglietti C, Cacciola SO, Moricca S. Trunk Injection Delivery of Biocontrol Strains of Trichoderma spp. Effectively Suppresses Nut Rot by Gnomoniopsis castaneae in Chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.). BIOLOGY 2024; 13:143. [PMID: 38534412 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Gnomoniopsis castaneae is responsible for brown or chalky nut rot in sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), causing heavy reductions in nut production. Controlling it is challenging, due to its inconspicuous infections, erratic colonization of host tissues and endophytic lifestyle. Fungicides are not applicable because they are prohibited in chestnut forests and strongly discouraged in fruit chestnut groves. Trichoderma species are safe and wide-spectrum biocontrol agents (BCAs), with a variety of beneficial effects in plant protection. This study tested selected strains of T. viride, T. harzianum and T. atroviride for their ability to suppress G. castaneae. Field experiments were conducted in four chestnut groves (two test plots plus two controls) at two sites with a different microclimate. As the size of the trees were a major drawback for uniform and effective treatments, the Trichoderma strains were delivered directly by trunk injection, using the BITE® (Blade for Infusion in TrEes) endotherapic tool. The BCA application, repeated twice in two subsequent years, significantly reduced nut rot incidence, with a more marked, presumably cumulative, effect in the second year. Our data showed the tested Trichoderma strains retain great potential for the biological control of G. castaneae in chestnut groves. The exploitation of Trichoderma spp. as biopesticides is a novelty in the forestry sector and proves the benefits of these microbes in plant disease protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Benigno
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Aglietti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Moricca
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
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Wang Y, Wang J, Wang W. Identification of mycoparasitism-related genes in Trichoderma harzianum T4 that are active against Colletotrichum musae. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:29. [PMID: 38117327 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum is a well-known biological control agent (BCA) that shows great potential in controlling many pathogenic fungi. To screen for genes associated with mycoparasitism, we sequenced and analyzed the transcriptome of T. harzianum T4 grown in dual culture with Colletotrichum musae. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of Trichoderma harzianum T4 in three different culture periods: before contact (BC), during contact (C) and after contact (AC). A total of 1453 genes were significantly differentially expressed compared to when T. harzianum T4 was cultured alone. During the three periods of double culture of T. harzianum T4 with C. musae, 74, 516, and 548 genes were up-regulated, respectively, and 11, 315, and 216 genes were down-regulated, respectively. The DEGs were screened using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses combined with differential expression multiples. Six gene categories related to mycoparasitism were screened: (a) pathogen recognition and signal transduction, (b) hydrolases, (c) ribosomal proteins and secreted proteins, (d) multidrug-resistant proteins and transporters, (e) heat shock proteins and detoxification, and (f) oxidative stress and antibiotics-related genes. The expression levels of 24 up-regulated genes during T. harzianum T4's antagonistic interaction with C. musae were detected via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). This study provided information on the transcriptional expression of T. harzianum T4 against C. musae. These results may help us to further understand the mechanism of mycoparasitism, which can provide a potential molecular target for improving the biological control capacity of T. harzianum T4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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10
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Chen Z, Han P, Che X, Luo Z, Chen Z, Chen J, Shan T, Ding P. Biocontrol fungi induced stem-base rot disease resistance of Morinda officinalis How revealed by transcriptome analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1257437. [PMID: 38107850 PMCID: PMC10722274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1257437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Morinda officinalis How (MO) is a Rubiaceae plant, and its medicinal part is dried root, which is one of the "Four Southern Medicines" in China. At present, the plant MO breed seedlings mainly by cutting methods. Long-term asexual propagation makes pathogenic fungi accumulate in MO, leading to stem-base rot, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fon). Methods In this study, we used Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. as biocontrol fungi to investigate their antagonistic ability to Fon through in vitro antagonism and pot experiments, and combined with transcriptome sequencing to explore the mechanism of biocontrol. Results The results showed that both Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. could inhibit the growth of Fon. In addition, Trichoderma harzianum and Pestalotiopsis sp. could also enhance the basic immunity to Fon by increasing the activities of defensive enzymes such as POD and SOD, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, and oligosaccharide content of MO. The mechanism of biological control of stem-base rot of MO was discussed by transcriptome technology. MO was treated with two treatments, root irrigation with biocontrol fungi or inoculation with Fon after root irrigation with biocontrol fungi. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that nearly 11,188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in the process of inducing MO systemic resistance to Fon by biocontrol fungi. Meanwhile, Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, as well as transcription factor (TFs) prediction showed that there were significant differences in the expression levels of MO roots under different treatments. Also, the genes of the "MAPK signaling pathway" and "plant hormone signaling pathway" were analyzed, in which the ERFs gene of the ethylene signal transduction pathway participated in the metabolism of glycosyl compounds. It is speculated that the ethylene signal may participate in the immune response of the sugar signal to the infection of Fon. After qRT-PCR verification of 10 DEGs related to the ethylene signal transduction pathway, the expression trend is consistent with the results of transcriptome sequencing, which proves the reliability of transcriptome sequencing. Discussion In conclusion, this study preliminarily identified the molecular mechanism of the biological control of MO stem-base rot and provided a scientific basis for further research on the prevention and control mechanism of MO stem-base rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zien Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Che
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfang Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tijiang Shan
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Ma Y, Li Y, Yang S, Li Y, Zhu Z. Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma asperellum Strain 576 against Exserohilum turcicum in Zea mays. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:936. [PMID: 37755043 PMCID: PMC10532967 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize is a crucial cereal crop in China, serving both as a staple food and an essential industrial resource. Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is a disease of corn caused by a fungus, Exserohilum turcicum (sexual stage Setosphaeria turcica). This study aimed to assess the biocontrol potential of various Trichoderma strains against Exserohilum turcicum 101 in Jilin, China. Through dual culture tests, the Trichoderma strains were categorized into four groups based on their antagonistic abilities. Eleven Trichoderma strains exhibited strong antagonistic behavior, with comparable or faster growth rates than E. turcicum 101. Microscopic observations confirmed that T. asperellum 576 hyphae effectively encircled E. turcicum 101 hyphae, reinforcing their antagonistic behavior. The production of non-volatile and volatile substances by the Trichoderma strains was evaluated, with T. asperellum 576 showing the highest potency in producing non-volatile and volatile substances, leading to an impressive 80.81% and 65.86% inhibition of E. turcicum 101 growth. Remarkably, co-culture suspensions of T. asperellum 576 + E. turcicum 101 and T. atroviride 393 + E. turcicum 101 exhibited strong antifungal activity. Furthermore, the activities of chitinase, β-1.3-glucanase, and cellulase were evaluated using the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. T. asperellum 576 + E. turcicum 101 displayed stronger cell wall degradation enzyme activity compared to T. atroviride 393 + E. turcicum 101, with values of 8.34 U/mL, 3.42 U/mL, and 7.75 U/mL, respectively. In greenhouse conditions, the application of a 107 spores/mL conidia suspension of T. asperellum 576 significantly enhanced maize seed germination and plant growth while effectively suppressing E. turcicum 101 infection. Maize seedlings inoculated/treated with both E. turcicum 101 and T. asperellum 576 demonstrated substantial improvements compared to those inoculated solely with E. turcicum 101. The T. asperellum 576 treatment involved a 107 spores/mL conidia suspension applied through a combination of foliar spray and soil drench. These findings highlight T. asperellum 576 as a promising biocontrol candidate against northern leaf blight in maize. Its antagonistic behavior, production of inhibitory compounds, and promotion of plant growth all contribute to its potential as an effective biocontrol agent for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhaoxiang Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (Y.L.)
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12
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Wei Y, Yang H, Hu J, Li H, Zhao Z, Wu Y, Li J, Zhou Y, Yang K, Yang H. Trichoderma harzianum inoculation promotes sweet sorghum growth in the saline soil by modulating rhizosphere available nutrients and bacterial community. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1258131. [PMID: 37771481 PMCID: PMC10523306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
As one of the major abiotic stresses, salinity can affect crop growth and plant productivity worldwide. The inoculation of rhizosphere or endophytic microorganisms can enhance plant tolerance to salt stresses, but the potential mechanism is not clear. In this study, Trichoderma harzianum ST02 was applied on sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in a field trial to investigate the effects on microbiome community and physiochemical properties in the rhizosphere soil. Compared with the non-inoculated control, Trichoderma inoculation significantly increased the stem yield, plant height, stem diameter, and total sugar content in stem by 35.52%, 32.68%, 32.09%, and 36.82%, respectively. In addition, Trichoderma inoculation improved the nutrient availability (e.g., N, P, and K) and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil and changed the bacterial community structure and function in both bulk and rhizosphere soil by particularly increasing the relative abundance of Actinobacter and N-cycling genes (nifH, archaeal and bacterial amoA). We proposed that T. harzianum ST02 could promote sweet sorghum growth under saline conditions by regulating available nutrients and the bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wei
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Han Yang
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jindong Hu
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Zhongjuan Zhao
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yuanzheng Wu
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jishun Li
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Kai Yang
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hetong Yang
- Ecology Institute of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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13
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Dobrzyński J, Jakubowska Z, Kulkova I, Kowalczyk P, Kramkowski K. Biocontrol of fungal phytopathogens by Bacillus pumilus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1194606. [PMID: 37560520 PMCID: PMC10407110 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1194606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria are one of the most interesting methods of controlling fungal phytopathogens. These bacteria can participate in biocontrol via a variety of mechanisms including lipopeptide production, hydrolytic enzymes (e.g., chitinase, cellulases, glucanase) production, microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) production, and induced systemic resistance (ISR) triggering. Among the bacterial genera most frequently studied in this aspect are Bacillus spp. including Bacillus pumilus. Due to the range of biocontrol traits, B. pumilus is one of the most interesting members of Bacillus spp. that can be used in the biocontrol of fungal phytopathogens. So far, a number of B. pumilus strains that exhibit biocontrol properties against fungal phytopathogens have been described, e.g., B. pumilus HR10, PTB180, B. pumilus SS-10.7, B. pumilus MCB-7, B. pumilus INR7, B. pumilus SE52, SE34, SE49, B. pumilus RST25, B. pumilus JK-SX001, and B. pumilus KUDC1732. B. pumilus strains are capable of suppressing phytopathogens such as Arthrobotrys conoides, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Fagopyrum esculentum. Importantly, B. pumilus can promote plant growth regardless of whether it alters the native microbiota or not. However, in order to increase its efficacy, research is still needed to clarify the relationship between the native microbiota and B. pumilus. Despite that, it can already be concluded that B. pumilus strains are good candidates to be environmentally friendly and commercially effective biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Dobrzyński
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Jakubowska
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Iryna Kulkova
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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14
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Ali WM, Abdel-Mageed MA, Hegazy MGA, Abou-Shlell MK, Sultan SME, Salama EAA, Yousef AF. Biocontrol agent of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and root-rot fungi, Fusarium solani in okra morphological, anatomical characteristics and productivity under greenhouse conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11103. [PMID: 37423949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of some fungal culture filtrate, as biocontrol agents against okra wilt caused by Fusarium solani. and Meloidogyne javanica. In the present study, fungal culture filtrates (FCFs) of Aspergillus terreus (1), Aspergillus terreus (2), Penicillium chrysogenum, and Trichoderma spp. were tested against M. javanica in vitro. The effects of P. chrysogenum and Trichoderma spp. (FCFs) in controlling root-rot fungi and root-knot nematode disease complex on okra plants were studied under greenhouse conditions (In vivo). In vitro experiment, the results revealed cumulative rate of J2s mortality of M. javanica reached to 97.67 and 95% by P. chrysogenum and Trichoderma spp., respectively, after 72 h. incubation. Additionally, Trichoderma spp exhibited the most effective inhibitory activity against the pathogen's radial growth, with a percentage of 68%. P. chrysogenum ranked second with 53.88%, while A. terreus (2) demonstrated the weakest inhibitory effect of 24.11%. T6 [Nematode infection (M. javanica) + Fungus infection (F. solani) + Overflowed with fungal culture filtrate (P. chrysogenum)] and T8 [Nematode infection (M. javanica) + Fungus infection (F. solani) + spray with fungal culture filtrate (P. chrysogenum)] had the greatest effects on nematode galling indices on okra roots and substantially reduced the reproductive factors in the greenhouse (In vivo experiment). T6 was the best treatment to decrease disease severity, as reached (28%) relatively. On the other hand, T12 [(Fungus infection (F. solani) + (Dovex 50% fungicide with irrigation water)] recorded the lowest disease severity reaching (8%) relatively. The results showed that nematode infection or fungus infection or both decreased all studied anatomical characteristics of okra root, stem, and leaves. We concluded from this study that root-knot nematode and root-rot fungi were reduced by using fungal culture filtrates and could improve plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - M A Abdel-Mageed
- Agricultural Zoology and Nematology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - M G A Hegazy
- Department of Agricultural Botany (Plant Pathology), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - M K Abou-Shlell
- Department of Agricultural Botany (General Botany), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Sadoun M E Sultan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ehab A A Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore, 641003, India
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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Bansal R, Sahoo SA, Barvkar VT, Srivastava AK, Mukherjee PK. Trichoderma virens exerts herbicidal effect on Arabidopsis thaliana via modulation of amino acid metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 332:111702. [PMID: 37030329 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma virens is a plant beneficial fungus well-known for its biocontrol, herbicidal and growth promotion activity. Earlier, we identified HAS (HA-synthase, a terpene cyclase) and GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) to be involved in the production of multiple non-volatiles and non-volatile+volatile metabolites, respectively. The present study delineates the function of HAS and GAPDH in regulating herbicidal activity, using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Under axenic conditions, rosette-biomass of seedlings co-cultivated with ΔHAS (HASR) and ΔGAPDH (GAPDHR) was higher than WT-Trichoderma (WTR) as well as non-colonized control (NoTR), even though the root colonization ability was reduced. However, HASR biomass was still higher than those of GAPDHR, indicating that blocking volatiles will not provide any additional contribution over non-volatile metabolites for Trichoderma-induced herbicidal activity. LC-MS analysis revealed that loss of herbicidal activity of ΔHAS/ΔGAPDH was associated with an increase in the levels of amino acids, which coincided with reduced expression levels of amino-acid catabolism and anabolism related genes in HASR/GAPDHR. RNAi-mediated suppression of an oxidoreductase gene, VDN5, specifically prevented viridin-to-viridiol conversion. Additionally, vdn5 mimics ΔHAS, in terms of amino-acid metabolism gene expression and partially abolishes the herbicidal property of WT-Trichoderma. Thus, the study provides mechanistic frame-work for better utilization of Trichoderma virens for biocontrol purposes, balancing between plant growth promotion and herbicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Bansal
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400085, India
| | - Sripati Abhiram Sahoo
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400085, India; Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India
| | | | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - Prasun Kumar Mukherjee
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
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Pasquoto-Stigliani T, Guilger-Casagrande M, Campos EVR, Germano-Costa T, Bilesky-José N, Migliorini BB, Feitosa LO, Sousa BT, de Oliveira HC, Fraceto LF, Lima R. Titanium biogenic nanoparticles to help the growth of Trichoderma harzianum to be used in biological control. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:166. [PMID: 37231443 PMCID: PMC10210372 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is a green alternative that reduces the toxicity of this nanomaterials and may enable a synergy between the metallic core and the biomolecules employed in the process enhancing biological activity. The aim of this study was to synthesize biogenic titanium nanoparticles using the filtrate of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum as a stabilizing agent, to obtain a potential biological activity against phytopathogens and mainly stimulate the growth of T. harzianum, enhancing its efficacy for biological control. RESULTS The synthesis was successful and reproductive structures remained in the suspension, showing faster and larger mycelial growth compared to commercial T. harzianum and filtrate. The nanoparticles with residual T. harzianum growth showed inhibitory potential against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelial growth and the formation of new resistant structures. A great chitinolytic activity of the nanoparticles was observed in comparison with T. harzianum. In regard to toxicity evaluation, an absence of cytotoxicity and a protective effect of the nanoparticles was observed through MTT and Trypan blue assay. No genotoxicity was observed on V79-4 and 3T3 cell lines while HaCat showed higher sensitivity. Microorganisms of agricultural importance were not affected by the exposure to the nanoparticles, however a decrease in the number of nitrogen cycling bacteria was observed. In regard to phytotoxicity, the nanoparticles did not cause morphological and biochemical changes on soybean plants. CONCLUSION The production of biogenic nanoparticles was an essential factor in stimulating or maintaining structures that are important for biological control, showing that this may be an essential strategy to stimulate the growth of biocontrol organisms to promote more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Pasquoto-Stigliani
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Guilger-Casagrande
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estefânia V R Campos
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tais Germano-Costa
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Bilesky-José
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca B Migliorini
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro O Feitosa
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno T Sousa
- Departament of Animal and Plant Biology, University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Halley C de Oliveira
- Departament of Animal and Plant Biology, University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Lima
- Laboratory for Evaluation of the Bioactivity and Toxicology of Nanomaterials, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Dourou M, La Porta CAM. A Pipeline to Investigate Fungal-Fungal Interactions: Trichoderma Isolates against Plant-Associated Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040461. [PMID: 37108915 PMCID: PMC10142788 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi play essential roles in ecosystems, forming complex interaction networks with bacteria, yeasts, other fungi, or plants. In the framework of biocontrol strategies, Trichoderma-based fungicides are at the forefront of research as an alternative to synthetic ones. However, the impact of introducing new microbial strain(s) on the soil microbiome of a habitat is not well-explored. Aiming to identify a quantitative method to explore the complex fungal interactions, we isolated twelve fungi from three Italian vineyards and identified three strains of the Trichoderma genus in addition to nine more plant-associated fungi of different genera. Investigating in dual nucleation assay fungal-fungal interactions, we recognised two types of interaction: neutral or antagonistic. All three Trichoderma strains displayed a slight inhibitory behaviour against themselves. Trichoderma strains showed a mutually intermingling growth with Aspergillus aculeatus and Rhizopus arrhizus but antagonistic behaviour against the plant pathogens Alternaria sp., Fusarium ramigenum, and Botrytis caroliniana. Yet, in some cases, antagonistic behaviour by Trichoderma fungi was also observed against plant-promoting fungi (e.g., Aspergillus piperis and Penicillium oxalicum). Our study highlights the importance of studying the interactions between fungi, aiming to clarify better the impact of fungal-based biological fungicides in the soil communities, and offers a pipeline for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Dourou
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Anna Maria La Porta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Innovation for Well-Being and Environment (CRC-I-WE), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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18
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Huang Y, Yang Y, Liang B, Lu S, Yuan X, Jia Z, Liu J, Liu Y. Green Nanopesticide: pH-Responsive Eco-Friendly Pillar[5]arene-Modified Selenium Nanoparticles for Smart Delivery of Carbendazim to Suppress Sclerotinia Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16448-16459. [PMID: 36943808 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlled-release delivery systems have been widely used to improve the efficacy and bioavailability of pesticides and minimize environmental risks. Herein, a fungicide carbendazim (CBZ)-loaded, a kind of nanovalve including trimethylammoniumpillar[5]arene (AP5), and methyl orange (MO)-functionalized mesoporous selenium (MSe) nanopesticides (CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO) were prepared. The nanovalve endowed CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO with a pH-responsive property, so the CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO can respond to the microenvironment of the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum). First, MO was shed due to protonation, and AP5-functionalized MSe gradually dissolved in an acid environment. Finally, CBZ was released rapidly. It is reported that AP5 and MO as the host and guest functionalized mesoporous selenium (MSe) have never been applied to agriculture. In vitro release experiments showed that the cumulative release rate of CBZ at pH 4.5 was 1.74 times higher than that in a neutral environment. In addition, we found that the contact angle of the CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO in maize and rape leaves was effectively decreased, which could retain more in the leaves after washout. It can also decrease the dry biomass and the reducing sugar of S.sclerotiorum. The CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO holds a good safety profile for plants, animal cells, and the environment owing to the targeted release properties. These results suggest that CBZ@AP5/MSe⊃MO is an environmentally friendly and effective drug-loaded system against S. sclerotiorum. It provides a new strategy for the design and development of nanopesticides and the control of S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yonglan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shuhao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zhi Jia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
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Zhang W, Sun X, Zhou L, Xie X, Zhao W, Liang Z, Zhuang P. Dual-branch collaborative learning network for crop disease identification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117478. [PMID: 36844059 PMCID: PMC9950499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Crop diseases seriously affect the quality, yield, and food security of crops. redBesides, traditional manual monitoring methods can no longer meet intelligent agriculture's efficiency and accuracy requirements. Recently, deep learning methods have been rapidly developed in computer vision. To cope with these issues, we propose a dual-branch collaborative learning network for crop disease identification, called DBCLNet. Concretely, we propose a dual-branch collaborative module using convolutional kernels of different scales to extract global and local features of images, which can effectively utilize both global and local features. Meanwhile, we embed a channel attention mechanism in each branch module to refine the global and local features. Whereafter, we cascade multiple dual-branch collaborative modules to design a feature cascade module, which further learns features at more abstract levels via the multi-layer cascade design strategy. Extensive experiments on the Plant Village dataset demonstrated the best classification performance of our DBCLNet method compared to the state-of-the-art methods for the identification of 38 categories of crop diseases. Besides, the Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-score of our DBCLNet for the identification of 38 categories of crop diseases are 99.89%, 99.97%, 99.67%, and 99.79%, respectively. 811.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- School of Information Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuewei Sun
- School of Information Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Information Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiwang Xie
- School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenyi Zhao
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- Internet Academy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peixian Zhuang
- School of Information Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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Abdul Hamid NW, Nadarajah K. Microbe Related Chemical Signalling and Its Application in Agriculture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168998. [PMID: 36012261 PMCID: PMC9409198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The agriculture sector has been put under tremendous strain by the world’s growing population. The use of fertilizers and pesticides in conventional farming has had a negative impact on the environment and human health. Sustainable agriculture attempts to maintain productivity, while protecting the environment and feeding the global population. The importance of soil-dwelling microbial populations in overcoming these issues cannot be overstated. Various processes such as rhizospheric competence, antibiosis, release of enzymes, and induction of systemic resistance in host plants are all used by microbes to influence plant-microbe interactions. These processes are largely founded on chemical signalling. Producing, releasing, detecting, and responding to chemicals are all part of chemical signalling. Different microbes released distinct sorts of chemical signal molecules which interacts with the environment and hosts. Microbial chemicals affect symbiosis, virulence, competence, conjugation, antibiotic production, motility, sporulation, and biofilm growth, to name a few. We present an in-depth overview of chemical signalling between bacteria-bacteria, bacteria-fungi, and plant-microbe and the diverse roles played by these compounds in plant microbe interactions. These compounds’ current and potential uses and significance in agriculture have been highlighted.
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21
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Beneficial effect on the soil microenvironment of Trichoderma applied after fumigation for cucumber production. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266347. [PMID: 35917326 PMCID: PMC9345367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocontrol agents applied after fumigation play an important role to the soil microenvironment. We studied the effect of Trichoderma applied after dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) plus chloropicrin (PIC) fumigation on the cucumber growth, soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, taxonomic diversity, and yield through laboratory and field experiments. The results confirmed that Trichoderma applied after fumigation significantly improved soil physicochemical properties, cucumber growth, soil-borne pathogens, and soil enzyme activity. Genetic analysis indicated that Trichoderma applied after fumigation significantly increased the relative abundance of Pseudomonas, Humicola and Chaetomium, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of the pathogens Fusarium spp. and Gibberella spp., which may help to control pathogens and enhanced the ecological functions of the soil. Moreover, Trichoderma applied after fumigation obviously improved cucumber yield (up to 35.6%), and increased relative efficacy of soil-borne pathogens (up to 99%) and root-knot nematodes (up to 96%). Especially, we found that Trichoderma applied after fumigation increased the relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms (such as Sodiomyces and Rhizophlyctis) that can optimize soil microbiome. It is worth noting that with the decline in the impact of the fumigant, these beneficial microorganisms still maintain a higher abundance when the cucumber plants were uprooted. Importantly, we found one tested biocontrol agent Trichoderma 267 identified and stored in our laboratory not only improved cucumber growth, reduced soil-borne diseases in late cucumber growth stages but also optimized micro-ecological environment which may have good application prospect and help to keep environmental healthy and sustainable development.
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22
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Dlamini SP, Akanmu AO, Babalola OO. Rhizospheric microorganisms: The gateway to a sustainable plant health. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.925802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant health is essential for food security, and constitutes a major predictor to safe and sustainable food systems. Over 40% of the global crops' productions are lost to pests, insects, diseases, and weeds, while the routinely used chemical-based pesticides to manage the menace also have detrimental effects on the microbial communities and ecosystem functioning. The rhizosphere serves as the microbial seed bank where microorganisms transform organic and inorganic substances in the rhizosphere into accessible plant nutrients as plants harbor diverse microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, and protists among others. Although, the pathogenic microbes initiate diseases by infiltrating the protective microbial barrier and plants' natural defense systems in the rhizosphere. Whereas, the process is often circumvented by the beneficial microorganisms which antagonize the pathogens to instill disease resistance. The management of plant health through approaches focused on disease prevention is instrumental to attaining sustainable food security, and safety. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the evolving and succession of root microbiomes in response to crop development as discussed in this review opens up new-fangled possibilities for reaping the profit of beneficial root–microbiomes' interactions toward attaining sustainable plant health.
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23
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Fungal control in foods through biopreservation. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Satjarak A, Golinski GK, Trest MT, Graham LE. Microbiome and related structural features of Earth's most archaic plant indicate early plant symbiosis attributes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6423. [PMID: 35443766 PMCID: PMC9021317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Origin of earliest land plants from ancestral algae dramatically accelerated the evolution of Earth’s terrestrial ecosystems, in which microbial symbioses have played key roles. Recent molecular diversification analyses identify the rare, geographically-limited moss Takakia as Earth’s most archaic modern land plant. Despite occupying a phylogenetic position pivotal for understanding earliest plants, Takakia microbial associations are poorly known. Here, we describe symbiosis-related structural features and contig-based metagenomic data that illuminate the evolutionary transition from streptophyte algae to early embryophytes. We observed that T. lepidozioides shares with streptophyte algae secretion of microbe-harboring mucilage and bacterial taxa such as Rhizobium and genes indicating nitrogen fixation. We find that Takakia root-analogs produce lateral mucilage organs that are more complex than generally understood, having structural analogies to angiosperm lateral roots adapted for N-fixation symbioses, including presence of intracellular microbes. We also find structural and metagenomic evidence for mycorrhiza-like species of glomalean fungi (including Rhizophagus irregularis) not previously known for mosses, as well as ascomycete fungi (e.g. Rhizoscyphus ericae) that associate with other early-diverging plants. Because Takakia is the oldest known modern plant genus, this study of plants of a remote locale not strongly influenced by human activities may indicate microbiome features of early land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchittha Satjarak
- Plants of Thailand Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - G Karen Golinski
- University of British Columbia Herbarium, Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Botany, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marie T Trest
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Linda E Graham
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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