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Lu Y, Zheng X, He X, Guo J, Fu Q, Xu H, Lu Z. Sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on growth, biochemical and molecular parameters in two chironomids, Chironomus kiiensis and Chironomus javanus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114658. [PMID: 36796207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues have serious environmental impacts on rice-based ecosystems. In rice fields, Chironomus kiiensis and Chironomus javanus provide alternative food sources to predatory natural enemies of rice insect pests, especially when pests are low. Chlorantraniliprole is a substitute for older classes of insecticides and has been used extensively to control rice pests. To determine the ecological risks of chlorantraniliprole in rice fields, we evaluated its toxic effects on certain growth, biochemical and molecular parameters in these two chironomids. The toxicity tests were performed by exposing third-instar larvae to a range of concentrations of chlorantraniliprole. LC50 values at 24 h, 48 h, and 10 days showed that chlorantraniliprole was more toxic to C. javanus than to C. kiiensis. Chlorantraniliprole significantly prolonged the larval growth duration, inhibited pupation and emergence, and decreased egg numbers of C. kiiensis and C. javanus at sublethal dosages (LC10 = 1.50 mg/L and LC25 = 3.00 mg/L for C. kiiensis; LC10 = 0.25 mg/L and LC25 = 0.50 mg/L for C. javanus). Sublethal exposure to chlorantraniliprole significantly decreased the activity of the detoxification enzymes carboxylesterase (CarE) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in both C. kiiensis and C. javanus. Sublethal exposure to chlorantraniliprole also markedly inhibited the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase (POD) in C. kiiensis and POD and catalase (CAT) in C. javanus. Expression levels of 12 genes revealed that detoxification and antioxidant abilities were affected by sublethal exposures to chlorantraniliprole. There were significant changes in the expression levels of seven genes (CarE6, CYP9AU1, CYP6FV2, GSTo1, GSTs1, GSTd2, and POD) in C. kiiensis and ten genes (CarE6, CYP9AU1, CYP6FV2, GSTo1, GSTs1, GSTd2, GSTu1, GSTu2, CAT, and POD) in C. javanus. These results provide a comprehensive overview of the differences in chlorantraniliprole toxicity to chironomids, indicating that C. javanus is more susceptible and suitable as an indicator for ecological risk assessment in rice ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xusong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xiaochan He
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321000, PR China
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Qiming Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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Costa JAV, Freitas BCB, Cruz CG, Silveira J, Morais MG. Potential of microalgae as biopesticides to contribute to sustainable agriculture and environmental development. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:366-375. [PMID: 30729858 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1571366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The loss of yields from agricultural production due to the presence of pests has been treated over the years with synthetic pesticides, but the use of these substances negatively affects the environment and presents health risks for consumers and animals. The development of agroecological systems using biopesticides represents a safe alternative that contributes to the reduction of agrochemical use and sustainable agriculture. Microalgae are able to biosynthesize a number of metabolites with potential biopesticidal action and can be considered potential biological agents for the control of harmful organisms to soils and plants. The present work aims to provide a critical perspective on the consequences of using synthetic pesticides, offering as an alternative the biopesticides obtained from microalgal biomass, which can be used together with the implementation of environmentally friendly agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- a College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Federal University of Rio Grande , Rio Grande , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
| | - Bárbara Catarina Bastos Freitas
- a College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Federal University of Rio Grande , Rio Grande , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
| | - Camila Gonzales Cruz
- a College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Federal University of Rio Grande , Rio Grande , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
| | - Jéssica Silveira
- a College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Federal University of Rio Grande , Rio Grande , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
| | - Michele Greque Morais
- b College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry , Federal University of Rio Grande , Rio Grande , Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
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Pereira AS, José Cerejeira M, Daam MA. Ecological risk assessment of imidacloprid applied to experimental rice fields: Accurateness of the RICEWQ model and effects on ecosystem structure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:431-440. [PMID: 28456129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The fate of imidacloprid and its potential side-effects on biological communities and ecosystem functioning was studied in experimental rice plots. In addition, the influence of applying a withholding period of zero days (actual practices) and seven days (recommended in EU) on this was evaluated. Predicted environmental concentrations (PEC) of imidacloprid calculated with the higher-tier model RICEWQ agreed well with concentrations measured in the field. Methodologies generally used in the EU and USA for lower-tier PEC calculation, however, severely underestimated actual field concentrations and hence appear to need further evaluation and eventually amendments. Effects on several biological communities (especially ostracods, dipterans and coleopterans) were noted following imidacloprid application, with greatest effects in the paddy were as applied a withholding period of 7 days. An increase in the density of snails (Physa acuta), however, may have prevented effects on ecosystem functioning through functional redundancy. Implications of study findings for the ecological risk assessment of imidacloprid and potential mitigation measures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Santos Pereira
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Maria José Cerejeira
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michiel A Daam
- CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Saraiva AS, Sarmento RA, Rodrigues ACM, Campos D, Fedorova G, Žlábek V, Gravato C, Pestana JLT, Soares AMVM. Assessment of thiamethoxam toxicity to Chironomus riparius. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 137:240-246. [PMID: 27978451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The insecticide thiamethoxam (TMX) is a systemic neonicotinoid widely used for pest control in several agricultural crops. TMX mimics the action of acetylcholine causing uncontrolled muscular contraction eventually leading to insect death. TMX is being found in freshwater ecosystems at concentrations of up to 225µg/L. Still, chronic toxicity data for freshwater invertebrates is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and chronic effects (at organismal and biochemical levels) of TMX on the freshwater insect Chironomus riparius. C. riparius life history responses were significantly affected by TMX exposure, namely with a decrease in growth and delay in emergence. Concerning the biochemical responses, after a short exposure (48h) to TMX, our results showed that low concentrations of TMX significantly reduced CAT activity and LPO levels of C. riparius. No effects were observed in AChE, GST and ETS activities. Effects in terms of survival, development rates and biochemical responses of C. riparius exposed to low concentrations of TMX observed in this study suggest potential deleterious effects of this neonicotinoid on aquatic insects inhabiting freshwaters environments near agricultural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Althiéris S Saraiva
- Departmento de Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, Zona Rural, PO box 66, CEP: 77402-970 Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Renato A Sarmento
- Departmento de Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, Zona Rural, PO box 66, CEP: 77402-970 Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia C M Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czechia
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czechia
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departmento de Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, Zona Rural, PO box 66, CEP: 77402-970 Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departmento de Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Rua Badejós, Lote 7, Chácaras 69/72, Zona Rural, PO box 66, CEP: 77402-970 Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Clavijo A, Kronberg MF, Rossen A, Moya A, Calvo D, Salatino SE, Pagano EA, Morábito JA, Munarriz ER. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as an integrated toxicological tool to assess water quality and pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 569-570:252-261. [PMID: 27343944 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Determination of water quality status in rivers is critical to establish a sustainable water management policy. For this reason, over the last decades it has been recommended to perform integrated water assessments that include water quantities and physicochemical, ecological and toxicological tests. However, sometimes resources are limited and it is not possible to perform large-scale chemical determinations of pollutants or conduct numerous ecotoxicological tests. To overcome this problem we use and measure the growth, as a response parameter, of the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to assess water quality in rivers. The C. elegans is a ubiquitous organism that has emerged as an important model organism in aquatic and soil toxicology research. The Tunuyán River Basin (Province of Mendoza, Argentina) has been selected as a representative traditional water monitoring system to test the applicability of the C. elegans toxicological bioassay to generate an integrated water quality evaluation. Jointly with the C. elegans toxic assays, physicochemical and bacteriological parameters were determined for each monitoring site. C. elegans bioassays help to identify different water qualities in the river basin. Multivariate statistical analysis (PCA and linear regression models) has allowed us to confirm that traditional water quality studies do not predict potential toxic effects on living organisms. On the contrary, physicochemical and bacteriological analyzes explain <62% of the C. elegans growth response variability, showing that ecotoxicological bioassays are important to obtain a realistic scenario of water quality threats. Our results confirm that the C. elegans bioassay is a sensible and suitable tool to assess toxicity and should be implemented in routine water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Clavijo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, CONICET-Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Kronberg
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, CONICET-Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina
| | - Ariana Rossen
- Laboratorio Experimental de Tecnologías Sustentables, Instituto Nacional del Agua, Av. Ezeiza-Cañuelas, tramo Jorge Newbery Km 1,620 Pcia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldana Moya
- Cátedra de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina
| | - Daniel Calvo
- Dirección de Servicios Hidrológicos, Instituto Nacional del Agua, Av. Ezeiza-Cañuelas, tramo Jorge Newbery Km 1,620 Pcia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Eduardo Antonio Pagano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, CONICET-Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina
| | - José Antonio Morábito
- Centro Regional Andino, Instituto Nacional del Agua, Belgrano 210 (M5500FIF) Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (UNCuyo), Alte. Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Eliana Rosa Munarriz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, CONICET-Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453 C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina.
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Cruzeiro C, Rocha E, Pardal MÂ, Rocha MJ. Environmental assessment of pesticides in the Mondego River Estuary (Portugal). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 103:240-246. [PMID: 26763320 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Mondego River estuary, located on the North Atlantic Ocean Ecoregion, is a basin affected by agricultural run-off with increasing signs of eutrophication. We evaluated the amounts and distribution of 56 priority pesticides belonging to distinct categories (insecticides, herbicides and fungicides). Temporal trends were considered and a total of 42 surface water samples were collected between 2010 and 2011. More than 55% of the GC-MS/MS-quantified pesticides were above the maximum amounts established by the European Directives (98/83/EC and 2013/39/EU). Based on the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models, we used a two-tiered approach to assess the hazard of the pesticide mixture, at the maximum concentration found, reflecting a potential risk. Short-term exposure using Artemia salina indicated a significant toxic effect where the locomotion of the animals was clearly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Cruzeiro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Group of Histomorphology, Pathophysiology and Applied Toxicology, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Department of Microscopy, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Group of Histomorphology, Pathophysiology and Applied Toxicology, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Department of Microscopy, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Ângelo Pardal
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, UC - University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, P 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Rocha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Group of Histomorphology, Pathophysiology and Applied Toxicology, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Department of Microscopy, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, P 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Multi-residue analysis of emerging pollutants in benthic invertebrates by modified micro-quick-easy-cheap-efficient-rugged-safe extraction and nanoliquid chromatography–nanospray–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1367:16-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Beneberu G, Mengistou S. Head capsule deformities inChironomusspp. (Diptera: Chironomidae) as indicator of environmental stress in Sebeta River, Ethiopia. Afr J Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Beneberu
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Bahir Dar University; 77 Bahir Dar Ethiopia
| | - Seyoum Mengistou
- Zoological Sciences Programme Unit; Faculty of Life Science; Addis Ababa University; 1179 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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Acute and joint toxicity of twelve substituted benzene compounds to Propsilocerus akamusi Tokunaga. Open Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-014-0289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated the toxic effects of 12 substituted benzenes exposed to Propsilocerus akamusi larvae singly and as mixtures. Their toxicities were quantified in terms of median effective concentration (EC50) killing 50% of the larvae. For individual substituted benzenes to 4th-instar P. akamusi larvae, the toxicity was in decreasing order of p-chlorophenol > nitrobenzene > phenol > 1,2-dimethylbenzene > 1,3-dimethylbenzene > chlorobenzene > p-phenylenediamine > 1,4-dimethylbenzene > m-phenylenediamine > methylbenzene > benzene > aniline. The order of toxicity among three isomers of dimethylbenzene was 1,2-dimethylbenzene > 1,3-dimethylbenzene > 1,4-dimethylbenzene while p-phenylenediamine > m-phenylenediamine. The binary substituted benzene compounds’ toxicities were evaluated by toxic unit (TU), additive index (AI), mixture toxicity index (MTI) and similarity parameter index (λ). The evaluation results of TU and MTI for 9 substituted benzene compounds were completely consistent while the results of AI were the same as the results of λ based on 24 h EC50 of binary substituted benzenes. The evaluation results of 10 substituted benzene compounds were consistent using TU, MTI, AI and λ evaluation methods. 52.63% and 47.37% of binary substituted benzene tests on P. akamusi larvae showed synergism and partial addition/antagonism, respectively, under mixtures of equal proportions. These results suggest that substituted benzenes indicate acute and binary joint toxicity to P. akamusi.
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Daam MA, Santos Pereira AC, Silva E, Caetano L, Cerejeira MJ. Preliminary aquatic risk assessment of imidacloprid after application in an experimental rice plot. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 97:78-85. [PMID: 23911212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The potential aquatic risk of application of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid for aphid control in rice was assessed. To this end, imidacloprid was applied as Confidor(®) 200 SC at the recommended field dose of 100g a.i./ha to a Portuguese rice plot. Subsequently, fate of the test compound in water and potential effects of water samples on a battery of test species were determined. As compared to the first-tier predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) calculated using MED-Rice (around 30µg/L depending on the scenario used) and US-EPA (78µg/L) simulations, the actual peak concentration measured in the paddy water (52µg/L) was higher and lower, respectively. As was anticipated based on 50% effect concentrations (EC50 values) for Daphnia magna published in the open literature and that calculated in the present study (48h-EC50 immobility=84mg/L), no effects were observed of field water samples on daphnids. The sediment-dwelling ostracod Heterocypris incongruens, however, appeared relatively sensitive towards imidacloprid (6d-EC50 growth inhibition=0.01-0.015mg/L) and a slight effect was indeed noted in field samples taken the first week after application. Species sensitivity distributions based on published EC50 and NOEC values also revealed that other species are likely to be affected at the peak and time-weighted average imidacloprid concentrations, respectively. By applying the relative tolerance approach (i.e. by dividing the EC50 value of a certain species with that of Daphnia magna), ostracods appear to contain the most sensitive taxa to imidacloprid, followed by EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) taxa. Future field studies into (higher-tier) fate modelling of pesticides in rice paddies and effect assessment on field communities are required to ensure protection of aquatic life and wildlife (e.g. birds) from pesticide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A Daam
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Cao C, Wang Z, Niu C, Desneux N, Gao X. Transcriptome profiling of Chironomus kiinensis under phenol stress using Solexa sequencing technology. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58914. [PMID: 23527048 PMCID: PMC3604134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol is a major pollutant in aquatic ecosystems due to its chemical stability, water solubility and environmental mobility. To date, little is known about the molecular modifications of invertebrates under phenol stress. In the present study, we used Solexa sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of midges (Chironomus kiinensis) in response to phenol stress. A total of 51,518,972 and 51,150,832 clean reads in the phenol-treated and control libraries, respectively, were obtained and assembled into 51,014 non-redundant (Nr) consensus sequences. A total of 6,032 unigenes were classified by Gene Ontology (GO), and 18,366 unigenes were categorized into 238 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) categories. These genes included representatives from almost all functional categories. A total of 10,724 differentially expressed genes (P value <0.05) were detected in a comparative analysis of the expression profiles between phenol-treated and control C. kiinensis including 8,390 upregulated and 2,334 downregulated genes. The expression levels of 20 differentially expressed genes were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR, and the trends in gene expression that were observed matched the Solexa expression profiles, although the magnitude of the variations was different. Through pathway enrichment analysis, significantly enriched pathways were identified for the DEGs, including metabolic pathways, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pancreatic secretion and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways, which may be associated with the phenol responses of C. kiinensis. Using Solexa sequencing technology, we identified several groups of key candidate genes as well as important biological pathways involved in the molecular modifications of chironomids under phenol stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwang Cao
- Department of Forest Protection, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Department of Forest Protection, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Changying Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Utilization of Insect Resources and Sustainable Control of Pests, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Singh DP, Khattar JIS, Kaur M, Kaur G, Gupta M, Singh Y. Anilofos tolerance and its mineralization by the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PUPCCC 64. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53445. [PMID: 23382844 PMCID: PMC3561370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study deals with anilofos tolerance and its mineralization by the common rice field cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PUPCCC 64. The organism tolerated anilofos up to 25 mg L−1. The herbicide caused inhibitory effects on photosynthetic pigments of the test organism in a dose-dependent manner. The organism exhibited 60, 89, 96, 85 and 79% decrease in chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin, respectively, in 20 mg L−1 anilofos on day six. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase increased by 1.04 to 1.80 times over control cultures in presence of 20 mg L−1 anilofos. Glutathione content decreased by 26% while proline content was unaffected by 20 mg L−1 anilofos. The test organism showed intracellular uptake and metabolized the herbicide. Uptake of herbicide by test organism was fast during initial six hours followed by slow uptake until 120 hours. The organism exhibited maximum anilofos removal at 100 mg protein L−1, pH 8.0 and 30°C. Its growth in phosphate deficient basal medium in the presence of anilofos (2.5 mg L−1) indicated that herbicide was used by the strain PUPCCC 64 as a source of phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Singh
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Marques CR, Pereira R, Antunes SC, Cachada A, Duarte AC, Gonçalves F. In situ aquatic bioassessment of pesticides applied on rice fields using a microalga and daphnids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:3375-3385. [PMID: 21669452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of episodic contamination on a drainage canal adjacent to an area of intensive rice production (Coimbra, Portugal). Four monitoring periods were considered [i) before herbicide application (day-14), ii) at the first application day (day 0), iii) 3 or 5 and iv) 6days after]. Each one consisted in three complementary evaluation lines: a) physico-chemical analyses, b) whole effluent toxicity (WET) assays with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, c) in situ bioassays to assess microalgae (P. subcapitata) growth, and the feeding rate and survival of Daphnia longispina and Daphnia magna. Study sites were located upstream, in a protected wetland (L1), and downstream, in the vicinity of rice fields (L2). Along with the application of agrochemicals, there was a general decrease of the water quality, especially in L2, due to nutrient and herbicide inputs. Herbicide peaks (on days 0, 5 and 6) in L2 water samples were recorded concomitantly or immediately after their application. Regarding the in situ bioassessment, the algae growth decrease from day 0 onwards in L1, whilst in L2 its inhibition was generally coherent with the decline of the water quality. Apparently, WET tests indicated that the limitation of nutrients could be affecting algae growth in L1, however, conclusions should be cautious. The feeding depression of daphnids occurred on days 0 and 5 for D. longispina and only on day 0 for D. magna, while significant reductions on survival were restricted to day 0 for both species. The impairments occurring on day 0 were linked to a potential increased toxicity driven by the ingestion of particle-bound herbicides and suspended particles. The feeding rate of daphnids provided an earlier indication of toxic impairments, though it is prompted the use of complementary endpoints and trophic levels in order to understand the cumulative effects due to various herbicide pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Marques
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Di Veroli A, Selvaggi R, Pellegrino RM, Goretti E. Sediment toxicity and deformities of chironomid larvae in Lake Piediluco (Central Italy). CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 79:33-39. [PMID: 20172586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The chemical analysis of the bottom sediments of the Lake Piediluco (Central Italy) has been carried out in order to individuate the potential correlation between the sediment toxicity and the high incidence of mouthpart deformities in chironomid larvae (biological indicators) found in this lake. The environmental contamination has been analyzed by determining the concentrations of the main heavy metals (lead, copper, cadmium, chromium, zinc and nickel), and the concentrations of organic compounds of anthropic source: PAHs, NPPs and OCPs. Heavy metals concentrations have pointed out a non-elevated contamination grade for the Lake Piediluco. The highest level of metals has been detected in the western area that feels the effect of the continuous tributaries incoming load. Also, concerning PAHs, NPPs and OCPs the lake does not present high values of pollution. The highest concentrations of the organic toxicants has been observed in the eastern sector of the lake, which presents typical lentic characteristics. A clear relationship has not found between the toxic substances present in the lacustrine sediments and the deformities incidence for chironomid larvae, which represent an index of environmental alteration. Probably, the mouthpart deformities found in the chironomid larvae of Chironomus plumosus are affected by a synergic action due to the whole toxic mixture present in the sediments of the Lake Piediluco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Di Veroli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce Di Sotto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Stoate C, Báldi A, Beja P, Boatman ND, Herzon I, van Doorn A, de Snoo GR, Rakosy L, Ramwell C. Ecological impacts of early 21st century agricultural change in Europe--a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2009; 91:22-46. [PMID: 19717221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of agricultural land use are far-reaching and extend to areas outside production. This paper provides an overview of the ecological status of agricultural systems across the European Union in the light of recent policy changes. It builds on the previous review of 2001 devoted to the impacts of agricultural intensification in Western Europe. The focus countries are the UK, The Netherlands, Boreal and Baltic countries, Portugal, Hungary and Romania, representing a geographical spread across Europe, but additional reference is made to other countries. Despite many adjustments to agricultural policy, intensification of production in some regions and concurrent abandonment in others remain the major threat to the ecology of agro-ecosystems impairing the state of soil, water and air and reducing biological diversity in agricultural landscapes. The impacts also extend to surrounding terrestrial and aquatic systems through water and aerial contamination and development of agricultural infrastructures (e.g. dams and irrigation channels). Improvements are also documented regionally, such as successful support of farmland species, and improved condition of watercourses and landscapes. This was attributed to agricultural policy targeted at the environment, improved environmental legislation, and new market opportunities. Research into ecosystem services associated with agriculture may provide further pressure to develop policy that is targeted at their continuous provisioning, fostering motivation of land managers to continue to protect and enhance them.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Stoate
- The Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Allerton Project, Loddington, Leics LE7 9XE, UK.
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Carriger JF, Rand GM. Aquatic risk assessment of pesticides in surface waters in and adjacent to the Everglades and Biscayne National Parks: I. Hazard assessment and problem formulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2008; 17:660-679. [PMID: 18642080 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-008-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An aquatic risk assessment under the U.S. Environment Protection Agency (EPA) ecological risk framework was conducted for atrazine, metolachlor, malathion, chlorpyrifos, and endosulfan in the C-111 freshwater basin (eastern boundary of the Everglades National Park), northeast Florida Bay, and south Biscayne Bay in South Florida. Based on the use of the hazard quotient approach, measured concentrations of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan in surface waters suggest potential hazards to aquatic organisms and were, therefore, considered as chemicals of potential ecological concern (COPECs). The problem formulation included an overview of the physical/chemical and environmental fate characteristics and aquatic toxicology of the COPECs. Background surface water exposure concentrations of endosulfan and toxicity data from laboratory and field studies indicate that fish and invertebrate mortality may be a concern when endosulfan is applied in agricultural areas near aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Carriger
- Department of Environmental Studies, Ecotoxicology & Risk Assessment Laboratory, Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, 3000 NE 151st Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
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