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Lee J, Ree J, Kim HJ, Kim HJ, Kim WJ, Choi TG, Lee S, Hong YK, Hong SB, Park YI. Anti-Apoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of an Ethanolic Extract of Lycium chinense Root against Particulate Matter 10-Induced Cell Death and Inflammation in RBL-2H3 Basophil Cells and BALB/c Mice. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192485. [PMID: 36235350 PMCID: PMC9571895 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matters (PMs) from polluted air cause diverse pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, including lung inflammation. While the fruits (Goji) of Lycium trees are commonly consumed as traditional medicine and functional food ingredients, the majority of their roots are discarded as by-products. To enhance the industrial applicability of Lycium roots, we prepared an ethanol extract (named GR30) of L. chinense Miller roots and evaluated its potential protective effects against particulate matter 10 (PM10)-induced inflammation and immune cell death. The GR30 treatment (0–500 μg/mL) significantly attenuated the PM10-induced cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in RBL-2H3 basophil cells. GR30 also significantly antagonized the PM10-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α) and COX2 expression through downregulation of MAPKs (ERK and JNK) signalling pathway. Oral administration of GR30 (200–400 mg/kg) to PM10 (20 mg/mL)-challenged mice significantly reduced the serum levels of IgE and the expression of TNF-α and Bax in lung tissues, which were elevated by PM10 exposure. These results revealed that the ethanolic extract (GR30) of L. chinense Miller roots exhibited anti-inflammatory and cyto-protective activity against PM10-induced inflammation and basophil cell death, and thus, it would be useful in functional food industries to ameliorate PM-mediated damage to respiratory and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jin Ree
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yun Ki Hong
- Biomix Co., Ltd., Goyang-si 10442, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | - Yong Il Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2164-4512; Fax: +82-2-2164-4846
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Fussell JC, Kelly FJ. Mechanisms underlying the health effects of desert sand dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106790. [PMID: 34333291 PMCID: PMC8484861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and climate change indicate a future expansion of the global area of dry land and an increase in the risk of drought. Humans may therefore be at an ever-increasing risk of frequent exposure to, and resultant adverse health effects of desert sand dust. This review appraises a total of 52 experimental studies that have sought to identify mechanisms and intermediate endpoints underlying epidemiological evidence of an impact of desert dust on cardiovascular and respiratory health. Toxicological studies, in main using doses that reflect or at least approach real world exposures during a dust event, have demonstrated that virgin sand dust particles and dust storm particles sampled at remote locations away from the source induce inflammatory lung injury and aggravate allergen-induced nasal and pulmonary eosinophilia. Effects are orchestrated by cytokines, chemokines and antigen-specific immunoglobulin potentially via toll-like receptor/myeloid differentiation factor signaling pathways. Findings suggest that in addition to involvement of adhered chemical and biological pollutants, mineralogical components may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of human respiratory disorders during a dust event. Whilst comparisons with urban particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) suggest that allergic inflammatory responses are greater for microbial element-rich dust- PM2.5, aerosols generated during dust events appear to have a lower oxidative potential compared to combustion-generated PM2.5 sampled during non-dust periods. In vitro findings suggest that the significant amounts of suspended desert dust during storm periods may provide a platform to intermix with chemicals on its surfaces, thereby increasing the bioreactivity of PM2.5 during dust storm episodes, and that mineral dust surface reactions are an unrecognized source of toxic organic chemicals in the atmosphere, enhancing toxicity of aerosols in urban environments. In summary, the experimental research on desert dust on respiratory endpoints go some way in clarifying the mechanistic effects of atmospheric desert dust on the upper and lower human respiratory system. In doing so, they provide support for biological plausibility of epidemiological associations between this particulate air pollutant and events including exacerbation of asthma, hospitalization for respiratory infections and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fussell
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Frank J Kelly
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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3
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Tang M, Luo XS, Huang W, Pang Y, Hong Y, Chen J, Wu L, Pinkerton KE. Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130919. [PMID: 34134441 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 pollution is a widespread environmental and health problem, particularly in China. Besides leading to well-known diseases in the respiratory system, PM2.5 can also alter immune function to induce or aggravate allergic diseases. To determine whether there are temporal and spatial differences in the allergic responses to PM2.5, monthly samples were collected from four regions (urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas) through a whole year in Nanjing city, China. Inorganic chemical components (metals and water-soluble ions) of PM2.5 were analyzed, and the rat basophil cells (RBL-2H3) exposed to PM2.5 were assessed through quantitative measures of degranulation (β-hex and histamine) and pro-inflammation cytokine (IL-4 and TNF-α) expression. The highest levels of β-hex were measured in winter and spring PM2.5 from urban and industrial areas, or autumn PM2.5 from suburban and rural areas. With respect to histamine, autumn PM2.5 samples were most potent irrespective of the location. Autumn and winter PM2.5 induced higher levels of IL-4 than spring and summer samples. However, spring and autumn PM2.5 caused higher levels of TNF-α. The concentrations of water-soluble ions (NH4+, K+ and Cl-), as well as heavy metals (Pb and Cr), were directly and statistically correlated to the inflammation observed in vitro. In general, the differences between regional and seasonal PM2.5 in stimulating cell degranulation may depend on endotoxin and airborne allergen content of PM2.5. The heavy metals and water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were mostly anthropogenic, which increased the particles' mass-based cellular inflammatory potential, therefore, their health risks, e.g. from vehicular exhaust, coal, and biomass combustion, cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Tang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xiao-San Luo
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Weijie Huang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yuting Pang
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Youwei Hong
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinsheng Chen
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Lichun Wu
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA
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Rublee CS, Sorensen CJ, Lemery J, Wade TJ, Sams EA, Hilborn ED, Crooks JL. Associations Between Dust Storms and Intensive Care Unit Admissions in the United States, 2000-2015. GEOHEALTH 2020; 4:e2020GH000260. [PMID: 32783014 PMCID: PMC7411550 DOI: 10.1029/2020gh000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is influencing the incidence of dust storms and associated human exposure to coarse particulate matter (PM2.5-10) in the United States. Studies have found adverse health consequences related to dust exposure. These consequences include respiratory disease exacerbations and premature mortality, resulting in increased health care utilization. However, the impact of dust storms on critical care demand has not been studied in the United States. We seek to quantify the relationship between dust storms and surges in critical care demand by investigating the association between dust storms and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions at nearby hospitals from 2000 to 2015. ICU data were acquired from Premier, Inc. and encompass 15-20% of all ICU admissions in the United States. Dust storm, meteorology, and air pollutant data were downloaded from the U.S. National Weather Service, the U.S. National Climatic Data Center, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency websites, respectively. Associations between ICU admission and dust storms, controlling for temperature, dew point temperature, ambient PM2.5 and ozone, as well as seasonally varying confounders, were estimated using a distributed lag conditional Poisson model with overdispersion. We found a 4.8% (95% CI: 0.4, 9.4; p = 0.033) increase in total ICU admissions on the day of the dust storm (Lag 0) and a 9.2% (95% CI: 1.8, 17.0; p = 0.013) and 7.5% (95% CI: 0.3, 15.2; p = 0.040) increase in respiratory admissions at Lags 0 and 5. North American dust storms are associated with increases in same day and lagged demand for critical care services at nearby hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Rublee
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - C. J. Sorensen
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - J. Lemery
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
| | - T. J. Wade
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - E. A. Sams
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - E. D. Hilborn
- United States Environmental Protection AgencyChapel HillNCUSA
| | - J. L. Crooks
- Division of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyColorado School of Public HealthAuroraCOUSA
- Now at National Jewish Health Main CampusDenverCOUSA
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5
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Ardon-Dryer K, Mock C, Reyes J, Lahav G. The effect of dust storm particles on single human lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108891. [PMID: 31740036 PMCID: PMC6982605 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to dust particles during dust storms can lead to respiratory problems, diseases, and even death. The effect of dust particles at the cellular level is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact that dust storm particles (Montmorillonite) have on human lung epithelial cells (A549) at the single cell level. Using live-cell imaging, we continuously followed individual cells after exposure to a wide range of concentrations of dust particles. We monitored the growth trajectory of each cell including number and timing of divisions, interaction with the dust particles, as well as time and mechanism of cell death. We found that individual cells show different cellular fates (survival or death) even in response to the same dust concentration. Cells that died interacted with dust particles for longer times, and engulfed more dust particles, compared with surviving cells. While higher dust concentrations reduced viability in a dose-dependent manner, the effect on cell death was non-monotonic, with intermediate dust concentration leading to a larger fraction of dying cells compared to lower and higher concentrations. This non-monotonic relationship was explained by our findings that high dust concentrations inhibit cell proliferation. Using cellular morphological features, supported by immunoblots and proinflammatory cytokines, we determined that apoptosis is the dominant death mechanism at low dust concentrations, while higher dust concentrations activate necrosis. Similar single cell approaches can serve as a baseline for evaluating other aerosol types that will improve our understanding of the health-related consequences of exposure to dust storms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ardon-Dryer
- Department of System Biology Harvard Medical School Harvard University, 200 Longwood Avenue Warren Alpert Building, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Geosciences, Atmospheric Science Group, Texas Tech University, 3003 15th Street Department of Geosciences, Atmospheric Science Group, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Caroline Mock
- Department of System Biology Harvard Medical School Harvard University, 200 Longwood Avenue Warren Alpert Building, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jose Reyes
- Department of System Biology Harvard Medical School Harvard University, 200 Longwood Avenue Warren Alpert Building, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Galit Lahav
- Department of System Biology Harvard Medical School Harvard University, 200 Longwood Avenue Warren Alpert Building, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Onishi T, Honda A, Tanaka M, Chowdhury PH, Okano H, Okuda T, Shishido D, Terui Y, Hasegawa S, Kameda T, Tohno S, Hayashi M, Nishita-Hara C, Hara K, Inoue K, Yasuda M, Hirano S, Takano H. Ambient fine and coarse particles in Japan affect nasal and bronchial epithelial cells differently and elicit varying immune response. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:1693-1701. [PMID: 30086990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) epidemiologically exacerbates respiratory and immune health, including allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA). Although fine and coarse particles can affect respiratory tract, the differences in their effects on the upper and lower respiratory tract and immune system, their underlying mechanism, and the components responsible for the adverse health effects have not been yet completely elucidated. In this study, ambient fine and coarse particles were collected at three different locations in Japan by cyclone technique. Both particles collected at all locations decreased the viability of nasal epithelial cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs), increased the production of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β from bronchial epithelial cells and APCs, and induced expression of dendritic and epithelial cell (DEC) 205 on APCs. Differences in inflammatory responses, but not in cytotoxicity, were shown between both particles, and among three locations. Some components such as Ti, Co, Zn, Pb, As, OC (organic carbon) and EC (elemental carbon) showed significant correlations to inflammatory responses or cytotoxicity. These results suggest that ambient fine and coarse particles differently affect nasal and bronchial epithelial cells and immune response, which may depend on particles size diameter, chemical composition and source related particles types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Onishi
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Honda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Michitaka Tanaka
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Pratiti H Chowdhury
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okuda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Shishido
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Terui
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Susumu Tohno
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Fukuoka Institute of Atmospheric Environment and Health, Fukuoka University, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishita-Hara
- Fukuoka Institute of Atmospheric Environment and Health, Fukuoka University, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Hara
- Fukuoka Institute of Atmospheric Environment and Health, Fukuoka University, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Wang B, Li N, Deng F, Buglak N, Park G, Su S, Ren A, Shen G, Tao S, Guo X. Human bronchial epithelial cell injuries induced by fine particulate matter from sandstorm and non-sandstorm periods: Association with particle constituents. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 47:201-210. [PMID: 27593287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the exacerbation of respiratory diseases following sandstorm-derived particulate matter (PM) exposure. The presence of anthropogenic and biological agents on the sandstorm PM and the escalation of PM<2.5μm (PM2.5) pollution in China have led to serious concerns regarding the health effects of PM2.5 during Asian sandstorms. We investigated how changes in PM2.5 composition, as the weather transitioned towards a sandstorm, affected human airway epithelial cells. Six PM2.5 samples covering two sandstorm events and their respective background and transition periods were collected in Baotou, an industrial city near the Gobi Desert in China. PM samples from all three periods had mild cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, which was positively correlated with the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several metals. All PM samples potently increased the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Endotoxin in all samples contributed significantly to the IL-6 response, with only a minor effect on IL-8. Cr was positively correlated with both IL-6 and IL-8 release, while Si was only associated with the increase of IL-6. Our study suggests that local agricultural and industrial surroundings in addition to the sandstorm play important roles in the respiratory effects of sandstorm-derived PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive & Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Nicholas Buglak
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
| | - George Park
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
| | - Shu Su
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive & Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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8
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Go YY, Park MK, Kwon JY, Seo YR, Chae SW, Song JJ. Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Alteration in Human Middle Ear Epithelial Cells Induced by Asian Sand Dust. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 8:345-53. [PMID: 26622952 PMCID: PMC4661249 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2015.8.4.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the gene expression profile of Asian sand dust (ASD)-treated human middle ear epithelial cell (HMEEC) using microarray analysis. METHODS The HMEEC was treated with ASD (400 µg/mL) and total RNA was extracted for microarray analysis. Molecular pathways among differentially expressed genes were further analyzed. For selected genes, the changes in gene expression were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A total of 1,274 genes were differentially expressed by ASD. Among them, 1,138 genes were 2 folds up-regulated, whereas 136 genes were 2 folds down-regulated. Up-regulated genes were mainly involved in cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Down-regulated genes affected cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. The 10 genes including ADM, CCL5, EDN1, EGR1, FOS, GHRL, JUN, SOCS3, TNF, and TNFSF10 were identified as main modulators in up-regulated genes. A total of 11 genes including CSF3, DKK1, FOSL1, FST, TERT, MMP13, PTHLH, SPRY2, TGFBR2, THBS1, and TIMP1 acted as main components of pathway associated with 2-fold down regulated genes. CONCLUSION We identified the differentially expressed genes in ASD-treated HMEEC. Our work indicates that air pollutant like ASD, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Young Go
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine for Green Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine for Green Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Chae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Shin HJ, Cho HG, Park CK, Park KH, Lim HB. Comparative In Vitro Biological Toxicity of Four Kinds of Air Pollution Particles. Toxicol Res 2015; 33:305-313. [PMID: 29071015 PMCID: PMC5654202 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2017.33.4.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating epidemiological evidence indicates that exposure to fine air pollution particles (APPs) is associated with a variety of adverse health effects. However, the exact physiochemical properties and biological toxicities of fine APPs are still not well characterized. We collected four types of fine particle (FP) (diesel exhaust particles [DEPs], natural organic combustion [NOC] ash, synthetic organic combustion [SOC] ash, and yellow sand dust [YSD]) and investigated their physicochemical properties and in vitro biological toxicity. DEPs were almost entirely composed of ultrafine particles (UFPs), while the NOC, SOC, and YSD particles were a mixture of UFPs and FPs. The main elements in the DEPs, NOC ash, SOC ash, and YSD were black carbon, silicon, black carbon, and silicon, respectively. DEPs exhibited dose-dependent mutagenicity even at a low dose in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and 100 strains in an Ames test for genotoxicity. However, NOC, SOC, and YSD particles did not show any mutagenicity at high doses. The neutral red uptake assay to test cell viability revealed that DEPs showed dose-dependent potent cytotoxicity even at a low concentration. The toxicity of DEPs was relatively higher than that of NOC, SOC, and YSD particles. Therefore, these results indicate that among the four FPs, DEPs showed the highest in vitro biological toxicity. Additional comprehensive research studies such as chemical analysis and in vivo acute and chronic inhalation toxicity tests are necessary to determine and clarify the effects of this air contaminant on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyun Gi Cho
- College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chang Kyun Park
- College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ki Hong Park
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, GIST, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Heung Bin Lim
- College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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10
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Effect of Asian sand dust on Japanese cedar pollinosis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2014; 41:518-22. [PMID: 24928063 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asian sand dust (ASD), originating in the deserts of Mongolia and China, spreads over large areas and is associated with adverse effects on human health in East Asia, including asthma, heart disease, and some allergic diseases. However, the effect of ASD on patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by Japanese cedar pollen (SAR-JCP), the most common form of allergic rhinitis, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ASD on SAR-JCP patients. METHODS A total of 41 patients with SAR-JCP recorded nasal and ocular allergic symptom scores in a diary. We assessed the influence of ASD events on patients with SAR-JCP during the JCP season and before and after the JCP season. RESULTS ASD events did not influence nasal and ocular allergy symptoms during the JCP season. Scores for sneezing and runny nose were significantly increased by ASD events in the pre-JCP season. Ocular symptom scores were significantly increased by ASD events in the post-JCP season. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ASD may exacerbate allergy symptoms even before mass scattering of JCP, which usually does not cause allergic symptoms in patients with SAR-JCP. ASD also induced conjunctivitis symptoms after the JCP season. However, we did not observe any adverse effects of ASD on allergic symptoms during the JCP season.
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Yamada T, Saito H, Fujieda S. Present state of Japanese cedar pollinosis: The national affliction. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 133:632-9.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Honda A, Matsuda Y, Murayama R, Tsuji K, Nishikawa M, Koike E, Yoshida S, Ichinose T, Takano H. Effects of Asian sand dust particles on the respiratory and immune system. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:250-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Honda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; C Cluster, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8540 Japan
| | - Yugo Matsuda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; C Cluster, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8540 Japan
| | - Rumiko Murayama
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; C Cluster, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8540 Japan
| | - Kenshi Tsuji
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; C Cluster, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8540 Japan
| | - Masataka Nishikawa
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba 305-8506 Japan
| | - Eiko Koike
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba 305-8506 Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshida
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; 2944-9 Megusuno Oita 870-1201 Japan
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; 2944-9 Megusuno Oita 870-1201 Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; C Cluster, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8540 Japan
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