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De Bhowmick G, Plouviez M, Reis MG, Guieysse B, Everett DW, Agnew MP, Maclean P, Thum C. Evaluation of Extraction Techniques for Recovery of Microalgal Lipids under Different Growth Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:27976-27986. [PMID: 38973871 PMCID: PMC11223222 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Microalgal lipids contain a wide array of liposoluble bioactive compounds, but lipid extraction remains a critical limitation for their commercial use. An accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was used to extract lipids from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina), and Chlorella vulgaris grown under either standard or nitrogen depletion conditions. Under standard growth conditions, ASE using methanol:chloroform (2:1), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE):methanol:water, and ethanol at 100 °C resulted in the highest recovery of total lipids (352 ± 30, 410 ± 32, and 127 ± 15 mg/g biomass from C. reinhardtii, C. vulgaris, and A. platensis, respectively). Similarly, the highest total lipid and triacylglycerols (TAGs) recovery from biomass cultivated under nitrogen depletion conditions was found at 100 °C using methanol:chloroform, for C. reinhardtii (total, 550 ± 21; TAG, 205 ± 2 mg/g biomass) and for C. vulgaris (total, 612 ± 29 mg/g; TAG, 253 ± 7 mg/g biomass). ASE with MTBE:methanol:water at 100 °C yielded similar TAG recovery for C. reinhardtii (159 ± 6 mg/g) and C. vulgaris (200 ± 4 mg/g). Thus, MTBE:methanol:water is suggested as an alternative substitute to replace hazardous solvent mixtures for TAGs extraction with a much lower environmental impact. The extracted microalgal TAGs were rich in palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1,9), linoleic (C18:2n6), and α-linolenic (C18:3n3) acids. Under nitrogen depletion conditions, increased palmitic acid (C16:0) recovery up to 2-fold was recorded from the biomasses of C. reinhardtii and C. vulgaris. This study demonstrates a clear linkage between the extraction conditions applied and total lipid and TAG recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goldy De Bhowmick
- AgResearch
Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
| | - Maxence Plouviez
- School
of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private
Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
| | - Mariza Gomes Reis
- AgResearch
Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
| | - Benoit Guieysse
- School
of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private
Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
| | - David W. Everett
- AgResearch
Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
- Riddet
Institute, Private Bag
11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Michael P. Agnew
- AgResearch
Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
| | - Paul Maclean
- AgResearch
Ltd., Grasslands Campus, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Thum
- AgResearch
Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
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El-Sheekh MM, Galal HR, Mousa ASH, Farghl AAM. Impact of macronutrients and salinity stress on biomass and biochemical constituents in Monoraphidium braunii to enhance biodiesel production. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2725. [PMID: 38302601 PMCID: PMC11310393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgal lipids are precursors to the production of biodiesel, as well as a source of valuable dietary components in the biotechnological industries. So, this study aimed to assess the effects of nutritional (nitrogen, and phosphorus) starvations and salinity stress (NaCl) on the biomass, lipid content, fatty acids profile, and predicted biodiesel properties of green microalga Monoraphidium braunii. The results showed that biomass, biomass productivity, and photosynthetic pigment contents (Chl. a, b, and carotenoids) of M. braunii were markedly decreased by nitrogen and phosphorus depletion and recorded the maximum values in cultures treated with full of N and P concentrations (control, 100%). These parameters were considerably increased at the low salinity level (up to 150 mM NaCl), while an increasing salinity level (up to 250 mM NaCl) reduces the biomass, its productivity, and pigment contents. Nutritional limitations and salt stress (NaCl) resulted in significantly enhanced accumulation of lipid and productivity of M. braunii, which represented more than twofold of the control. Furthermore, these conditions have enhanced the profile of fatty acid and biodiesel quality-related parameters. The current study exposed strategies to improve M. braunii lipid productivity for biodiesel production on a small scale in vitro in terms of fuel quality under low nutrients and salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy R Galal
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Amal Sh H Mousa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Abla A M Farghl
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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3
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Osman MEH, Abo-Shady AM, Gheda SF, Desoki SM, Elshobary ME. Unlocking the potential of microalgae cultivated on wastewater combined with salinity stress to improve biodiesel production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:114610-114624. [PMID: 37863854 PMCID: PMC10663198 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have the potential as a source of biofuels due to their high biomass productivity and ability to grow in a wide range of conditions, including wastewater. This study investigated cultivating two microalgae species, Oocystis pusilla and Chlorococcus infusionum, in wastewater for biodiesel production. Compared to Kühl medium, KC medium resulted in a significant fold increase in cellular dry weight production for both O. pusilla and C. infusionum, with an increase of 1.66 and 1.39, respectively. A concentration of 100% wastewater resulted in the highest growth for O. pusilla, with an increase in biomass and lipid content compared to the KC medium. C. infusionum could not survive in these conditions. For further increase in biomass and lipid yield of O. pusilla, different total dissolved solids (TDS) levels were used. Maximum biomass and lipid productivities were achieved at 3000 ppm TDS, resulting in a 28% increase in biomass (2.50 g/L) and a 158% increase in lipid yield (536.88 mg/g) compared to KC medium. The fatty acid profile of O. pusilla cultivated on aerated wastewater at 3000 ppm TDS showed a high proportion of desirable saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for biodiesel production. Cultivating microalgae in wastewater for biodiesel production can be cost-effective, especially for microalgae adapted to harsh conditions. It could be concluded that O. pusilla is a promising candidate for biodiesel production using wastewater as a growth medium, as it has high biomass productivity and lipid yield, and its fatty acid profile meets the standard values of American and European biodiesel standards. This approach offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for producing biofuels while reducing the environmental impact of wastewater disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E H Osman
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Atef M Abo-Shady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Saly F Gheda
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Samy M Desoki
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E Elshobary
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Altriki A, Ali I, Razzak SA, Ahmad I, Farooq W. Assessment of CO2 biofixation and bioenergy potential of microalga Gonium pectorale through its biomass pyrolysis, and elucidation of pyrolysis reaction via kinetics modeling and artificial neural network. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:925391. [PMID: 36061435 PMCID: PMC9434281 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.925391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates CO2 biofixation and pyrolytic kinetics of microalga G. pectorale using model-fitting and model-free methods. Microalga was grown in two different media. The highest rate of CO2 fixation (0.130 g/L/day) was observed at a CO2 concentration of 2%. The pyrokinetics of the biomass was performed by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Thermogravimetric (TG) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves at 5, 10 and 20°C/min indicated the presence of multiple peaks in the active pyrolysis zones. The activation energy was calculated by different model-free methods such as Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Popescu. The obtained activation energy which are 61.7–287 kJ/mol using Friedman, 40.6–262 kJ/mol using FWO, 35–262 kJ/mol using KAS, and 66.4–255 kJ/mol using Popescu showed good agreement with the experimental values with higher than 0.96 determination coefficient (R2). Moreover, it was found that the most probable reaction mechanism for G. pectorale pyrolysis was a third-order function. Furthermore, the multilayer perceptron-based artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) regression model of the 4-10-1 architecture demonstrated excellent agreement with the experimental values of the thermal decomposition of the G. pectoral. Therefore, the study suggests that the MLP-ANN regression model could be utilized to predict thermogravimetric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Altriki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikh Abdur Razzak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasif Farooq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Wasif Farooq,
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Karpagam R, Jawaharraj K, Ashokkumar B, Pugalendhi A, Varalakshmi P. A cheap two-step cultivation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum for increased TAG production and differential expression of TAG biosynthesis associated genes. J Biotechnol 2022; 354:53-62. [PMID: 35709890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A cheap cultivation of microalgae greatly reduces the biodiesel production cost. Subsequently in this study, citric acid and effluents from sugar and tannery industries were used as the nutritional supplements for the improvement of biomass and TAG production in Phaeodactylum tricornutum using two-step cultivation. When compared to control (media without supplementation), a considerable increase in biomass and chlorophyll a was obtained with citric acid (CA) and sugar industry effluent (SIE) supplemented media. In the two-step cultivation method, biomass raised from CA (100mg·L-1) and SIE (1.5mL·L-1) supplementations in the first step, viz. biomass production (BP) step was allowed for lipid accumulation in the second step, viz. lipid production (LP) step, and thus yielded enhanced lipids of 11.5 ± 0.7mg·L-1·day-1 and 13.5 ± 1.9mg·L-1·day-1 respectively, with improved TAG synthesis. Further, differential expression analysis of TAG biosynthetic genes of P. tricornutum under single-step and two-step cultivation modes were performed, and the gene expression patterns were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Karpagam
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalimuthu Jawaharraj
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivazhagan Pugalendhi
- Innovative Green Product Syntheis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, TonDuc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Perumal Varalakshmi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Fazili ABA, Shah AM, Zan X, Naz T, Nosheen S, Nazir Y, Ullah S, Zhang H, Song Y. Mucor circinelloides: a model organism for oleaginous fungi and its potential applications in bioactive lipid production. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:29. [PMID: 35227264 PMCID: PMC8883733 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial oils have gained massive attention because of their significant role in industrial applications. Currently plants and animals are the chief sources of medically and nutritionally important fatty acids. However, the ever-increasing global demand for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) cannot be met by the existing sources. Therefore microbes, especially fungi, represent an important alternative source of microbial oils being investigated. Mucor circinelloides—an oleaginous filamentous fungus, came to the forefront because of its high efficiency in synthesizing and accumulating lipids, like γ-linolenic acid (GLA) in high quantity. Recently, mycelium of M. circinelloides has acquired substantial attraction towards it as it has been suggested as a convenient raw material source for the generation of biodiesel via lipid transformation. Although M. circinelloides accumulates lipids naturally, metabolic engineering is found to be important for substantial increase in their yields. Both modifications of existing pathways and re-formation of biosynthetic pathways in M. circinelloides have shown the potential to improve lipid levels. In this review, recent advances in various important metabolic aspects of M. circinelloides have been discussed. Furthermore, the potential applications of M. circinelloides in the fields of antioxidants, nutraceuticals, bioremediation, ethanol production, and carotenoids like beta carotene and astaxanthin having significant nutritional value are also deliberated.
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Zhang W, Xia R, Wang H, Pu S, Jiang D, Hao X, Bai L. Swine wastewater treatment by combined process of iron carbon microelectrolysis-physical adsorption-microalgae cultivation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:914-924. [PMID: 35166710 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combined treatments were designed based on iron-carbon micro-electrolysis treatment (ICME), physical adsorption (PA) with zeolite (Z) or vermiculite (V) and microalgae cultivation (MC, Chlorella vulgaris) for removing pollutants from swine wastewater (SW): ICME + MC (IM), ICME + Z + MC (IZM) and ICME + V + MC (IVM). Results showed that the minimum total nitrogen (TN) of 43.66 mg L-1, NH4+-N of 1.33 mg-1 and total phosphorus (TP) of 0.14 mg-1 were obtained by IVM, while the minimum chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 105 mg-1 via IM. During the process of combined treatments, ICME contributed most to the removal of TN (84.52% by IZM), TP (97.78% by IVM and IZM) and COD (62.44% by IVM), and maximum NH4+-N removal (55.64%) was obtained by MC procedure in IM process. Vermiculite performed better than zeolite during all the combined treatments. Besides, the maximum cell dry weight (CDW, 0.74 g-1) of C. vulgaris was obtained by IM on day 13. The results provide an efficient integrated method for swine wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China E-mail: ; Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Engineering in Southwest for Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Rongbin Xia
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China E-mail:
| | - Hao Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Engineering in Southwest for Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Shihua Pu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Engineering in Southwest for Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaoxia Hao
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China E-mail:
| | - Lin Bai
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China E-mail:
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Current trends and next generation of future edible oils. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91001-9.00005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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9
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Influence of Nutrient Manipulation on Growth and Biochemical Constituent in Anabaena variabilis and Nostoc muscorum to Enhance Biodiesel Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13169081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to improve biomass and biochemical constituents, especially lipid production of Anabaena variabilis and Nostoc muscorum by formulating an optimal growth condition using various concentrations of nutrients (NO3−, PO43− and CO32−) for biodiesel production. The supplementation of the three nutrients by +50% showed the maximum dry weight and biomass productivity, while the macromolecule contents were varied. The depletion of N-NO3− by 50% N-NO3− showed the maximum lipid yield (146.67 mg L−1) in A. variabilis and the maximum carbohydrate contents (285.33 mg L−1) in N. muscorum with an increase of 35% and 30% over control of the synthetic medium, respectively. However, variation in P-PO43− and C-CO32− showed insignificant improving results for all biochemical compositions in both cyanobacteria. A. variabilis was the superior species for lipid and protein accumulation; however, N. muscorum showed the maximum carbohydrate content. Accordingly, A. variabilis was selected for biodiesel production. In A. variabilis, −50% N-NO3− resulted in 35% higher lipid productivity compared to the control. Furthermore, the fatty acid profile and biodiesel quality-related parameters have improved under this condition. This study has revealed the strategies to improve A. variabilis lipid productivity for biodiesel production for small-scale in vitro application in terms of fuel quality under low nitrate levels.
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Alvarez HM, Hernández MA, Lanfranconi MP, Silva RA, Villalba MS. Rhodococcus as Biofactories for Microbial Oil Production. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164871. [PMID: 34443455 PMCID: PMC8401914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the Rhodococcus genus are frequent components of microbial communities in diverse natural environments. Some rhodococcal species exhibit the outstanding ability to produce significant amounts of triacylglycerols (TAG) (>20% of cellular dry weight) in the presence of an excess of the carbon source and limitation of the nitrogen source. For this reason, they can be considered as oleaginous microorganisms. As occurs as well in eukaryotic single-cell oil (SCO) producers, these bacteria possess specific physiological properties and molecular mechanisms that differentiate them from other microorganisms unable to synthesize TAG. In this review, we summarized several of the well-characterized molecular mechanisms that enable oleaginous rhodococci to produce significant amounts of SCO. Furthermore, we highlighted the ability of these microorganisms to degrade a wide range of carbon sources coupled to lipogenesis. The qualitative and quantitative oil production by rhodococci from diverse industrial wastes has also been included. Finally, we summarized the genetic and metabolic approaches applied to oleaginous rhodococci to improve SCO production. This review provides a comprehensive and integrating vision on the potential of oleaginous rhodococci to be considered as microbial biofactories for microbial oil production.
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Feedstocks, environmental effects and development suggestions for biodiesel in China. JOURNAL OF TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING (ENGLISH ED. ONLINE) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hosseinzadeh Gharajeh N, Valizadeh M, Dorani E, Hejazi MA. Biochemical profiling of three indigenous Dunaliella isolates with main focus on fatty acid composition towards potential biotechnological application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00479. [PMID: 32489914 PMCID: PMC7262423 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical composition of native isolates determined their potential application. The isolates tend to store energy and carbon mainly in lipid, not carbohydrate, form. The fatty acid profile of the isolates show appropriate n3:n6 and health lipid indices. Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-B1 and -G2/1 are the proper options for nutraceutical purposes. Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-I1 well suits pharmaceutical and aquaculture application.
This study describes the biochemical composition of three isolates, Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-B1, -G2/1 and -I1 towards the biotechnological potential. Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW- G2/1 and -I1 had a remarkable protein content (∼40% dry weight). Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-I1 contained a pigment fraction of 3.2% largely composed of chlorophyll a (1.9%) and carotenoid (1.1%). Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-B1, -G2/1 and -I1 produced respectively 42, 36 and 47% lipid content. The occurrence of high lipid and low carbohydrate (4–7%) in the isolates demonstrated their cell tendency to store energy and carbon mainly in lipid form. The lipid profile of the isolates expressed adequate n3:n6 ratio and health indices. The biochemical analysis revealed that Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-B1 and -G2/1 have potential applications in the food and freshwater aquafeed sector. While Dunaliella sp. ABRIINW-I1 owing to appropriate pigment, protein, and lipid level containing very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids showed a great promise in nutritional, pharmaceutical and marine aquafeed industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mostafa Valizadeh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Ebrahim Dorani
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Hejazi
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Branch for Northwest & West region, Agricultural Biotehnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding authors.
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Cassuriaga APA, Moraes L, Morais MG, Costa JAV. Polyhydroxybutyrate production and increased macromolecule content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultivated with xylose and reduced nitrogen levels. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:875-883. [PMID: 32387355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the production of macromolecules such as polyhydroxybutyrate under pentose supplementation and reduced nitrogen levels in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Two batches of experiments were carried out: (1) reduction in the nitrogen (NH4Cl) concentration to 6 and 4 g L-1 and (2) supplementation of 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1 D-xylose together with a reduction in the NH4Cl concentration (6 and 4 g L-1). The addition of 20 mg L-1 D-xylose together with 6 g L-1 NH4Cl resulted in polyhydroxybutyrate production (206.0 mg L-1). The reduction of 8 to 6 g L-1 NH4Cl did not trigger a reduction in the production of either proteins (68.3% w w-1) or carbohydrates (23.3% w w-1) in the cells. The current study demonstrated that nutritional modifications, which until now have been unexplored in C. reinhardtii, triggered the production of macromolecules (polymers, carbohydrates and proteins) with high biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Aguiar Cassuriaga
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Moraes
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Bauer LM, Rodrigues E, Rech R. Potential of immobilized Chlorella minutissima for the production of biomass, proteins, carotenoids and fatty acids. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Patel A, Karageorgou D, Rova E, Katapodis P, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. An Overview of Potential Oleaginous Microorganisms and Their Role in Biodiesel and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Industries. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E434. [PMID: 32204542 PMCID: PMC7143722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are known to be natural oil producers in their cellular compartments. Microorganisms that accumulate more than 20% w/w of lipids on a cell dry weight basis are considered as oleaginous microorganisms. These are capable of synthesizing vast majority of fatty acids from short hydrocarbonated chain (C6) to long hydrocarbonated chain (C36), which may be saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), depending on the presence and number of double bonds in hydrocarbonated chains. Depending on the fatty acid profile, the oils obtained from oleaginous microorganisms are utilized as feedstock for either biodiesel production or as nutraceuticals. Mainly microalgae, bacteria, and yeasts are involved in the production of biodiesel, whereas thraustochytrids, fungi, and some of the microalgae are well known to be producers of very long-chain PUFA (omega-3 fatty acids). In this review article, the type of oleaginous microorganisms and their expertise in the field of biodiesel or omega-3 fatty acids, advances in metabolic engineering tools for enhanced lipid accumulation, upstream and downstream processing of lipids, including purification of biodiesel and concentration of omega-3 fatty acids are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Patel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.P.); (E.R.); (U.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Dimitra Karageorgou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; (D.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Emma Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.P.); (E.R.); (U.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Petros Katapodis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; (D.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.P.); (E.R.); (U.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.P.); (E.R.); (U.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden; (A.P.); (E.R.); (U.R.); (P.C.)
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Ambat I, Bec S, Peltomaa E, Srivastava V, Ojala A, Sillanpää M. A synergic approach for nutrient recovery and biodiesel production by the cultivation of microalga species in the fertilizer plant wastewater. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19073. [PMID: 31836822 PMCID: PMC6910982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of wastewater treatment and biodiesel production using algal cultivation was studied in the present work. The two main goals of the work were achieved by the cultivation of freshwater microalgae such as Chlamydomonas sp., Scenedesmus ecornis, and Scenedesmus communis in two different dilutions of fertilizer plant wastewater (FWWD1 and FWWD2) collected from Yara Suomi Oy, Finland. The growth pattern of different algal species in FWWD1 and FWWD2 was observed. The effect of pH on biomass concentration, lipid content, biomass productivity, and lipid productivity by all three algal species in FWWD1 and FWWD2 were monitored. The maximum biomass concentration and productivity were observed in FWWD1 at pH7.5 for Chlamydomonas sp. and at pH 8.5 for S. ecornis and S. communis. The maximum lipid content was detected in Chlamydomonas sp at pH5.5, followed by S. ecornis and then S. communis at pH 7.5 in FWWD2 obtained after co-solvent extraction method. The most significant removal percentage of COD by all algal species were observed in FWWD1, whereas the highest removal percentage of TN and TP were detected in FWWD2, respectively. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) characterization of each algal species in FWWD1 and FWWD2 at their optimum pH was investigated to determine the quality of obtained biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Ambat
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Sabina Bec
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Elina Peltomaa
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI -15140, Lahti, Finland.,Institute of Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Yliopistonkatu 3, 00014, Helsingin, yliopisto, Finland
| | - Varsha Srivastava
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Anne Ojala
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI -15140, Lahti, Finland.,Institute of Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Yliopistonkatu 3, 00014, Helsingin, yliopisto, Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
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Elshobary ME, Abo-Shady AM, Khairy HM, Essa D, Zabed HM, Qi X, Abomohra AEF. Influence of nutrient supplementation and starvation conditions on the biomass and lipid productivities of Micractinium reisseri grown in wastewater for biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109529. [PMID: 31518792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Generation of biodiesel from microalgae grown in wastewater can offer a cost-effective approach, whilst wastewaters usually do not contain the optimum concentrations of the essential nutrients and carbon sources that result in lowering the productivities of biomass and lipid. This study aimed to overcome this limitation by manipulating wastewater with various concentrations of nutrients (NO3-, PO43-, Cl- and SO42-) and three carbon sources either individually or in combination to cultivate Micractinium reisseri for biodiesel production. Initially, various dilutions of wastewater were tested and a concentration up to 75% of wastewater showed the highest biomass productivity (0.076 g L-1 d-1) and lipid productivity (0.014 g L-1 d-1). The optimum manipulating conditions for maximum lipid production and the highest productivity required 50% decrease in phosphorous from the concentration of the control medium and supplementation with 1.0 g L-1 of glucose. Under this condition, biomass and lipid productivities increased by 1.7 and 4-folds, respectively, compared to those observed in the control. Furthermore, phosphorous starvation condition in the presence of glucose significantly improved fatty acid profile in the biomass and biodiesel quality related parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa E Elshobary
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Atef M Abo-Shady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hanan M Khairy
- National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dorya Essa
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Abd El-Fatah Abomohra
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Botany Department, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
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18
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K.V. A, K. A, A.P. S, C.C. H. Energy efficient technology for enhanced growth and lipid production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii through additional reflector coated LED photo-bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Banerjee S, Singh H, Das D, Atta A. Process Optimization for Enhanced Biodiesel Production by Neochloris oleoabundans UTEX 1185 with Concomitant CO2 Sequestration. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Karpagam R, Jawaharraj K, Ashokkumar B, Sridhar J, Varalakshmi P. Unraveling the lipid and pigment biosynthesis in Coelastrella sp. M-60: Genomics-enabled transcript profiling. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Choo MY, Oi LE, Show PL, Chang JS, Ling TC, Ng EP, Phang SM, Juan JC. Recent progress in catalytic conversion of microalgae oil to green hydrocarbon: A review. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Lipid metabolism and potentials of biofuel and high added-value oil production in red algae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:74. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Shin WS, Lee H, Sung MG, Hwang KT, Jung SM, Kwon JH. Enrichment as a screening method for a high-growth-rate microalgal strain under continuous cultivation system. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Aboim JB, Oliveira D, Ferreira JE, Siqueira AS, Dall'Agnol LT, Rocha Filho GN, Gonçalves EC, Nascimento LA. Determination of biodiesel properties based on a fatty acid profile of eight Amazon cyanobacterial strains grown in two different culture media. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23268j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The biotechnological potential of 8 Amazon cyanobacteria was studied and some species shown to be promising biodiesel source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Oliveira
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Oil Chemistry
- Federal University of Pará
- Belém
- Brazil
| | - John Eric Ferreira
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Oil Chemistry
- Federal University of Pará
- Belém
- Brazil
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