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Nafees M, Ullah S, Ahmed I. Modulation of drought adversities in Vicia faba by the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and biochar. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:1856-1869. [PMID: 34994497 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the greatest threat to world food security, seen as the catalyst for the great famines of the past. Given that the world's water supply is limited, it is likely that future demand of food for increasing population will further exacerbate the drought effects. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of biochar and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246) and Cellulomonas pakistanensis (NCCP11) on agronomic and physiological attributes of Vicia faba two varieties Desi (V1) and Pulista (V2) under induced drought stress. The seeds were sown in earthen pots filled with 3 kg sand and soil (1:2), and biochar (0 and 5% w/w) in triplicate arranged in complete randomized design. Analysis of biochar possessed 0.49 g cm-3 bulk density, 9.6 pH; 5.4 cmol kg-1 cation exchange capacity, 3.64% organic carbon and EC 6.7 ds/m. Agronomic attributes including seed LAI, LAR, SVI, %PHSI and RWC were improved by 30.4-180.4%, 14.37-47.20%, 37.64-50.91%, 18.21-30.80, and 35.82-54.34% in both varieties by the co-application of biochar and PGPR. Stomatal physiology and epidermal vigor was successfully improved by the application of PGPR and biochar as analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, phenols, proline and glycine betaine were amplified by 58.33-173.8%, 50.59-130.33%, 46.58-86.62%, 46.66-109.30%, 35.74-56.10%, and 21.96-77.22% in both varieties by the co-application of biochar and PGPR. So, the present work concluded that, combined application of biochar and PGPR could be an effective strategy to alleviate the adversities of drought in V. faba growing in drastic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan, Bio-resources Conservation Institute (BCI), National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Zhang Y, Yin Y, Ma H, Cao X, Ma B, Qv M, Zhang B, Akbar S, Du J. Insight into chronic exposure effects of nanosized titanium dioxide on Typha angustifolia leaf litter decomposition. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:680-688. [PMID: 30849629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in nanotechnology has increased production of nanoparticles which initiates concerns for freshwater ecosystems. Nanosized TiO2 is one of the most used materials and its ecotoxicity has been extensively studied. Here, a freshwater microcosm experiment was performed to investigate the effects of nanosized (10, 60, and 100 nm) and bulk TiO2 at 1 g L-1 on the alteration in community structure of fungal decomposers and the consequences on litter decomposition of Typha angustifolia leaves. After 209 days of exposure, the decomposition rate was significantly higher in 100 nm TiO2 treatment compared to the control, which was caused by its promotion on fungal biomass and metabolic activity. Therefore, the study provides the multifaceted evidences for different effects of TiO2 with varied sizes on T. angustifolia leaf decomposition and highlights the importance of understanding the potential effects of varying sizes and long-term exposure in nanoparticle risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting Yin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinshuai Cao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Ma
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingxiang Qv
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siddiq Akbar
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
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Du J, Qv M, Zhang Y, Yin X, Wan N, Zhang B, Zhang H. The potential phototoxicity of nano-scale ZnO induced by visible light on freshwater ecosystems. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:698-706. [PMID: 29894971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely applied in anti-bacterial coating, electronic device, and personal care products. NanoZnO is one of the most used materials and its ecotoxicity has been extensively studied. To explore the potential phototoxicity of nanoZnO induced by visible light, we conducted a long-term experiment on litter decomposition of Typha angustifolia leaves with assessment of fungal multifaceted natures. After 158 d exposure, the decomposition rate of leaf litter was decreased by nanoZnO but no additional effect by visible light. However, visible light enhanced the inhibitory effect of nanoZnO on fungal sporulation rate due to light-induced dissolution of nanoZnO. On the contrary, enzymes such as β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, and leucine-aminopeptidase were significantly increased by the interaction of nanoZnO and visible light, which led to high efficiency of leaf carbon decomposition. Furthermore, different treatments and exposure time separated fungal community associated with litter decomposition. Therefore, the study provided the evidence of the contribution of visible light to nanoparticle phototoxicity at the ecosystem level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Du
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Mingxiang Qv
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Wan
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
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Du J, Zhang Y, Guo W, Li N, Gao C, Cui M, Lin Z, Wei M, Zhang H. Chronic impacts of TiO 2 nanoparticles on Populus nigra L. leaf decomposition in freshwater ecosystem. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 350:121-127. [PMID: 29462763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been applied in diverse commercial products, which could lead to toxic effects on aquatic microbes and would inhibit some important ecosystem processes. The study aimed to investigate the chronic impacts of TiO2 nanoparticles with different concentrations (5, 50, and 500 mg L-1) on Populus nigra L. leaf decomposition in the freshwater ecosystem. After 50 d of decomposing, a significant decrease in decomposition rates was observed with higher concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles. During the period of litter decomposition, exposure of TiO2 nanoparticles led to decreases in extracellular enzyme activities, which was caused by the reduction of microbial especially fungal biomass. In addition, the diversity and composition of the fungal community associated with litter decomposition were strongly affected by the concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles. The diversity and composition of the fungal community associated with litter decomposition was strongly affected. The abundance of Tricladium chaetocladium decreased with the increasing concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles, indicating the little contribution of the species to the litter decomposition. In conclusion, this study provided the evidence for the chronic exposure effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on the litter decomposition and further the functions of freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Du
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningyun Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoshuai Gao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minghui Cui
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongdian Lin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingbao Wei
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
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