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Dogan M, Ugur K. Enhancing the phytoremediation efficiency of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. using LED lights: a sustainable approach for heavy metal pollution control. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:53270-53290. [PMID: 39183254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the impacts of LEDs on the phytoremediation of arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) by Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. were investigated, along with the examination of the biochemical characteristics of plants exposed to metal-induced toxicity. In vitro multiple and rapid plant propagations were successfully achieved by adding 1.0 mg/L 6-Benzyl amino purine (BAP) to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salt and vitamin culture medium. For plant-based remediation experiments, different concentrations of As (0-1.0 mg/L) and Hg (0-0.2 mg/L) were added to the water environment, and trials were conducted for four different application periods (1-21 days). White, red, and blue LEDs, as well as white fluorescent light, were preferred as the light environment. The results revealed that LED lights were more effective for heavy metal accumulation, with red LED light significantly enhancing the plant's phytoremediation capacity compared to other LED applications. Moreover, when examining biochemical stress parameters such as levels of photosynthetic pigments, protein concentrations, and lipid peroxidation, plants under red LED light showed better results. Generally, the lowest results were obtained under white fluorescent light. These findings contribute to phytoremediation studies by highlighting the integration of LED lights, thereby enabling the development of a more effective, cost-efficient, and environmentally sustainable remediation system compared to other treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Dogan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
| | - Kubra Ugur
- Department of Biology, Kamil Ozdag Faculty of Science, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, 70200, Karaman, Turkey
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Ugur K, Dogan M. Effectiveness of light-emitting diodes for arsenic and mercury accumulation by Ceratophyllum demersum L.: An innovative advancement in phytoremediation technology. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142064. [PMID: 38677617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have emerged as a tool with great potential in the field of phytoremediation, offering a novel approach to enhance the efficiency of plant-based remediation techniques. In this work investigated the influence of LEDs on the phytoremediation of arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) by Ceratophyllum demersum L., propagated using tissue culture methods. In addition, the biochemical properties of the plants exposed to metal toxicity were examined. Phytoremediation experiments employed concentrations of As (0.01-1.0 mg/L) and Hg (0.002-0.2 mg/L), with application periods set at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. In addition to white, red and blue LEDs, white fluorescent light was used for control purposes in the investigations. A positive correlation was observed between higher metal concentrations, extended exposure times, and increased metal accumulation in the plants. Red LED light yielded the highest level of heavy metal accumulation, while white fluorescent light resulted in the lowest accumulation level. Examination of the biochemical parameters of the plants, including photosynthetic pigment levels, protein quantities, and lipid peroxidation, revealed a pronouncedly enhanced performance in specimens subjected to red and blue LED illumination, surpassing outcomes observed in other light treatments. The findings of this study introduce innovative avenues for the effective utilization of red and blue LED lights in the realm of phytoremediation research. Thus, the interaction between LEDs, tissue culture, and the phytoremediation process could lead to synergistic effects that contribute to more effective and sustainable remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Ugur
- Department of Biology, Kamil Ozdag Faculty of Science, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, 70200, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Dogan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
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Ali SA, Gümüş NE, Aasim M. A unified framework of response surface methodology and coalescing of Firefly with random forest algorithm for enhancing nano-phytoremediation efficiency of chromium via in vitro regenerated aquatic macrophyte coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42185-42201. [PMID: 38862799 PMCID: PMC11219440 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Nano-phytoremediation is a novel green technique to remove toxic pollutants from the environment. In vitro regenerated Ceratophyllum demersum (L.) plants were exposed to different concentrations of chromium (Cr) and exposure times in the presence of titania nanoparticles (TiO2NPs). Response surface methodology was used for multiple statistical analyses like regression analysis and optimizing plots. The supplementation of NPs significantly impacted Cr in water and Cr removal (%), whereas NP × exposure time (T) statistically regulated all output parameters. The Firefly metaheuristic algorithm and the random forest (Firefly-RF) machine learning algorithms were coalesced to optimize hyperparameters, aiming to achieve the highest level of accuracy in predicted models. The R2 scores were recorded as 0.956 for Cr in water, 0.987 for Cr in the plant, 0.992 for bioconcentration factor (BCF), and 0.957 for Cr removal through the Firefly-RF model. The findings illustrated superior prediction performance from the random forest models when compared to the response surface methodology. The conclusion is drawn that metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) can effectively be utilized for nano-phytoremediation of heavy metals. This study has uncovered a promising outlook for the utilization of nanoparticles in nano-phytoremediation. This study is expected to pave the way for future research on the topic, facilitating further exploration of various nanoparticles and a thorough evaluation of their potential in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyid Amjad Ali
- Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Numan Emre Gümüş
- Department of Environmental Protection Technology, Kazım Karabekir Vocational School, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70600, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Aasim
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey.
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Rivela CB, Griboff J, Arán DS, Cortés FL, Valdés ME, Harguinteguy CA, Monferrán MV. Single and combined phytoextraction of lead and cadmium on submerged plants Potamogeton pusillus L.: removal, bioaccumulation pattern, and phytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27452-27464. [PMID: 38512576 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Under the present investigation, the submerged plant Potamogeton pusillus has been tested for the removal of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). P. pusillus removal efficiency and accumulation capacity were examined in separated Pb and Cd solutions, at 0.5, 1.0, and 2 mg L-1, and in solutions where both metals were present at the same concentration (0.5, 1.0, and 2 mg L-1), under laboratory conditions for 3, 7, and 10 days. Also, we examined the removal efficiency and accumulation capacity when a set of plants were exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 of Pb (or Cd) and increasing concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2 mg L-1) of Cd (or Pb) for 10 days. The effect of Cd and Pb was assessed by measuring changes in the chlorophylls, carotenoids, and malondialdehyde contents. Results showed that P. pusillus could accumulate Cd and Pb from individual solutions. Roots and leaves accumulated the highest amount of Cd and Pb followed by the stems. Some phytotoxic effects were observed, especially at individual Cd exposures, but these effects were not observed in the two-metal system. The removal and accumulation of Pb by P. pusillus were significantly enhanced in the presence of Cd under certain conditions, presenting a good alternative for the removal of these metals from polluted aquifers. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first report on both enhanced phytoextraction of Pb in the presence of Cd and bioaccumulation of these heavy metals by P. pusillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia B Rivela
- CIBICI-CONICET - Centro de Inmunología y Bioquímica Clínica, CONICET, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende Esq, Haya de La Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Julieta Griboff
- CIBICI-CONICET - Centro de Inmunología y Bioquímica Clínica, CONICET, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende Esq, Haya de La Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniela S Arán
- IMBIV-CONICET - Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Facundo L Cortés
- CIBICI-CONICET - Centro de Inmunología y Bioquímica Clínica, CONICET, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende Esq, Haya de La Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Eugenia Valdés
- ICYTAC-CONICET - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy S/N, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Harguinteguy
- IMBIV-CONICET - Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magdalena V Monferrán
- CIBICI-CONICET - Centro de Inmunología y Bioquímica Clínica, CONICET, Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende Esq, Haya de La Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Novák M, Zemanová V, Lhotská M, Pavlík M, Klement A, Hnilička F, Pavlíková D. Response of Carrot ( Daucus carota L.) to Multi-Contaminated Soil from Historic Mining and Smelting Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17345. [PMID: 38139174 PMCID: PMC10744065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A pot experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of Cd, Pb and Zn multi-contamination on the physiological and metabolic response of carrot (Daucus carota L.) after 98 days of growth under greenhouse conditions. Multi-contamination had a higher negative influence on leaves (the highest Cd and Zn accumulation) compared to the roots, which showed no visible change in terms of anatomy and morphology. The results showed the following: (i) significantly higher accumulation of Cd, Zn, and Pb in the multi-contaminated variant (Multi) compared to the control; (ii) significant metabolic responses-an increase in the malondialdehyde content of the Multi variant compared to the control in the roots (by 20%), as well as in the leaves (by 53%); carotenoid content in roots decreased by 31% in the Multi variant compared with the control; and changes in free amino acids, especially those related to plant stress responses. The determination of hydroxyproline and sarcosine may reflect the higher sensitivity of carrot leaves to multi-contamination in comparison to roots. A similar trend was observed for the content of free methionine (significant increase of 31% only in leaves); (iii) physiological responses (significant decreases in biomass, changes in gas-exchange parameters and chlorophyll a); and (iv) significant changes in enzymatic activities (chitinase, alanine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase) in the root zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Novák
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.)
| | - Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.)
| | - Marie Lhotská
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Milan Pavlík
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.)
| | - Aleš Klement
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Daniela Pavlíková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.N.)
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Halmagyi A, Butiuc-Keul A, Keul M, Dobrotă C, Fodorpataki L, Pintea A, Mocan A, Pop V, Coste A. Impact of Arieş River Contaminants on Algae and Plants. TOXICS 2023; 11:817. [PMID: 37888668 PMCID: PMC10611376 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The Arieş River (Western Romania) represents one of the most important affluents of the Mureş River, with great significance in the Mureş Tisza basin. The environmental quality of the Arieş basin is significantly affected by both historic mining activities and contemporary impacts. Thus, an evaluation of the effects of the main contaminants found in water (organochlorine pesticides-OCPs, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-MAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-PAHs, and metals) on cyanobacteria and plants was performed. Among OCPs, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and derivatives were detected in plants while admissible concentrations were detected in water. Among MAHs, high levels of benzene were detected both in water and in plants. The levels of PAHs exceeded the allowable values in all samples. Increased concentrations of metals in water were found only at Baia de Arieş, but in plants, all metal concentrations were high. The pH, nitrates, nitrites, and phosphates, as well as metals, pesticides, and aromatic hydrocarbons, influenced the physiological characteristics of algae, test plants, and aquatic plants exposed to various compounds dissolved in water. Considering that the Arieş River basin is the site of intense past mining activities, these data provide information about the impact on water quality as a consequence of pollution events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Halmagyi
- Department of Experimental Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Branch Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.H.)
| | - Anca Butiuc-Keul
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresource, Babeș-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Martin Keul
- Department of Experimental Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Branch Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.H.)
| | - Cristina Dobrotă
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - László Fodorpataki
- Department of Horticulture, Sapientia University, 2 Sighișoarei Rd., 540485 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Adela Pintea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăstur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aurel Mocan
- Institute of Public Health Prof. Dr. I. Moldovan, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Valeria Pop
- Doctoral School “Environmental Science”, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Sustainability and Disaster Management Based on High Performance Computing, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Coste
- Department of Experimental Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Branch Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.H.)
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Pavlíková D, Zemanová V, Pavlík M. Health Risk and Quality Assessment of Vegetables Cultivated on Soils from a Heavily Polluted Old Mining Area. TOXICS 2023; 11:583. [PMID: 37505549 PMCID: PMC10384379 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Three garden vegetables-radish, carrot and lettuce-were cultivated in a pot experiment using two soils from the Příbram area polluted mainly by cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr). The soils of the Příbram district, Czech Republic, are heavily polluted as a result of the atmospheric deposition of toxic elements originating from historic lead-silver mining and smelting activities. The results showed that lettuce absorbed the highest amounts of toxic elements (Cd 28 and 30, Cr 12 and 13, Zn 92 and 205 mg·kg-1 DW), except Pb, which was higher in radish (30 and 49 mg·kg-1 DW). Changes in macronutrient contents in edible parts were not found, except for sulfur. A higher total free amino acids (fAAs) accumulation was shown in all vegetables in more contaminated soil, with the highest fAA content being in radish. A group of essential fAAs reached 7-24% of total fAAs in vegetables. The risk to human health was characterized using the target hazard quotient and total hazard index (HI). The cumulative effect of the consumption of vegetables with HI > 1 showed possible non-carcinogenic health effects for lettuce and carrot. HI decreased in the order Cd > Pb > Cr > Zn. The carcinogenic risk of toxic elements decreased in the order Cd > Cr > Pb (0.00054, 0.00026, 0.00003). These values showed a carcinogenic risk from the consumption of lettuce and carrot and confirmed that the adult population of the studied area is at high risk if lettuce and carrot cultivated in this area are consumed daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pavlíková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pavlík
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Aasim M, Ali SA, Aydin S, Bakhsh A, Sogukpinar C, Karatas M, Khawar KM, Aydin ME. Artificial intelligence-based approaches to evaluate and optimize phytoremediation potential of in vitro regenerated aquatic macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40206-40217. [PMID: 36607572 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water bodies or aquatic ecosystem are susceptible to heavy metal accumulation and can adversely affect the environment and human health especially in underdeveloped nations. Phytoremediation techniques of water bodies using aquatic plants or macrophytes are well established and are recognized as eco-friendly world over. Phytoremediation of heavy metals and other pollutants in aquatic environments can be achieved by using Ceratophyllum demersum L. - a well-known floating macrophyte. In vitro regenerated plants of C. demersum (7.5 g/L) were exposed to 24, 72, and 120 h to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/L of cadmium (CdSO4·8H2O) in water. Results revealed significantly different relationship in terms of Cd in water, Cd uptake by plants, bioconcentration factor (BCF), and Cd removal (%) from water. The study showed that Cd uptake by plants and BCF values increased significantly with exposure time. The highest BCF value (3776.50) was recorded for plant samples exposed to 2 mg/L Cd for 72 h. Application of all Cd concentrations and various exposure duration yielded Cd removal (%) between the ranges of 93.8 and 98.7%. These results were predicted through artificial intelligence-based models, namely, random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The tested models predicted the results accurately, and the attained results were further validated via three different performance metrics. The optimal regression coefficient (R2) for the models was recorded as 0.7970 (Cd water, mg/L), 0.9661 (Cd plants, mg/kg), 0.9797 bioconcentration factor (BCF), and 0.9996 (Cd removal, %), respectively. These achieved results suggest that in vitro regenerated C. demersum can be efficaciously used for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated aquatic environments. Likewise, the proposed modeling of phytoremediation studies can further be employed more comprehensively in future studies aimed at data prediction and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aasim
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Seyid Amjad Ali
- Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Senar Aydin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Centre of Excellency in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Canan Sogukpinar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karatas
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Khalid Mahmood Khawar
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Aydin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Asare MO, Száková J, Tlustoš P. The fate of secondary metabolites in plants growing on Cd-, As-, and Pb-contaminated soils-a comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11378-11398. [PMID: 36529801 PMCID: PMC9760545 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The study used scattered literature to summarize the effects of excess Cd, As, and Pb from contaminated soils on plant secondary metabolites/bioactive compounds (non-nutrient organic substances). Hence, we provided a systematic overview involving the sources and forms of Cd, As, and Pb in soils, plant uptake, mechanisms governing the interaction of these risk elements during the formation of secondary metabolites, and subsequent effects. The biogeochemical characteristics of soils are directly responsible for the mobility and bioavailability of risk elements, which include pH, redox potential, dissolved organic carbon, clay content, Fe/Mn/Al oxides, and microbial transformations. The radial risk element flow in plant systems is restricted by the apoplastic barrier (e.g., Casparian strip) and chelation (phytochelatins and vacuole sequestration) in roots. However, bioaccumulation is primarily a function of risk element concentration and plant genotype. The translocation of risk elements to the shoot via the xylem and phloem is well-mediated by transporter proteins. Besides the dysfunction of growth, photosynthesis, and respiration, excess Cd, As, and Pb in plants trigger the production of secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties to counteract the toxic effects. Eventually, this affects the quantity and quality of secondary metabolites (including phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenes) and adversely influences their antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, and lipid-lowering properties. The mechanisms governing the translocation of Cd, As, and Pb are vital for regulating risk element accumulation in plants and subsequent effects on secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Asare
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiřina Száková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Abdelkrim S, Abid G, Chaieb O, Taamalli W, Mannai K, Louati F, Jebara M, Jebara SH. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria modulates the antioxidant defense and the expression of stress-responsive genes providing Pb accumulation and tolerance of grass pea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:10789-10802. [PMID: 36083364 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the success of phytoremediation, it is important to consider the appropriate combination of plants and microorganisms. This study was conducted to get a better insight into the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanism of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) induced by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), when exposed for 3, 6, 9, and 14 days to 1 mM Pb in a hydroponic system. The significant positive effect of bacterial inoculation was reproduced in various parameters. Results indicated that inoculation of PGPR significantly increased the accumulation of Pb by 20%, 66%, 43%, and 36% in roots and by 46%, 55%, 37%, and 46% in shoots, respectively after 3, 6, 9, and 14 days of metal exposure compared to the uninoculated plants. The metal accumulation in grass pea plants triggered a significant elevation in the synthesis of non-protein thiols (NPT), particularly in inoculated plant leaves where it was about 3 and 2-fold higher than the uninoculated set on the 6th and the 9th day. Nevertheless, Pb treatment significantly increased oxidative stress and membrane damage in leaves with the highest hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration recorded in uninoculated plants. Furthermore, the PGPR inoculation alleviated the oxidative stress, improved significantly plant tolerance, and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR). Similarly, the expression patterns of LsPCS, LsGCN, LsCNGC, LsGR, and LsGST through qRT-PCR demonstrated that bacterial inoculation significantly induced gene expression levels in leaves 6 days after Pb treatment, indicating that PGPR act as regulators of stress-responsive genes. The findings suggest the key role of PGPR (R. leguminosarum (M5) + Pseudomonas fluorescens (K23) + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) in enhancing Pb accumulation, reducing metal toxicity, strengthening of the antioxidant system, and conferring higher Pb tolerance to grass pea plants. Hence, the association Lathyrus sativus-PGPR is an effective tool to achieve the goal of remediation of Pb contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhir Abdelkrim
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Chaieb
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Wael Taamalli
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, BP 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Khediri Mannai
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Faten Louati
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moez Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Salwa Harzalli Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-systems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
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11
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Bhat SA, Bashir O, Ul Haq SA, Amin T, Rafiq A, Ali M, Américo-Pinheiro JHP, Sher F. Phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil and water: An eco-friendly, sustainable and multidisciplinary approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134788. [PMID: 35504464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization, increased waste production and surge in agricultural activities, mining, contaminated irrigation water and industrial effluents contribute to the contamination of water resources due to heavy metal (HM) accumulation. Humans employ HM-contaminated resources to produce food, which eventually accumulates in the food chain. Decontamination of these valuable resources, as well as avoidance of additional contamination has long been needed to avoid detrimental health impacts. Phytoremediation is a realistic and promising strategy for heavy metal removal from polluted areas, based on the employment of hyper-accumulator plant species that are extremely tolerant to HMs present in the environment/soil. Green plants are used to remove, decompose, or detoxify hazardous metals in this technique. For soil decontamination, five types of phytoremediation methods have been used viz. phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytoextraction and phytovolatilization. Traditional phytoremediation methods, on the other hand, have significant limits in terms of large-scale application, thus biotechnological efforts to modify plants for HM phytoremediation ways are being explored to improve the efficacy of plants as HM decontamination candidates. It is relatively a new technology that is widely regarded as economic, efficient and unique besides being environment friendly. New metal hyperaccumulators with high efficiency are being explored and employed for their use in phytoremediation and phytomining. Therefore, this review comprehensively discusses different strategies and biotechnological approaches for the removal of various HM containments from the environment, with emphasis on the advancements and implications of phytoremediation, along with their applications in cleaning up various toxic pollutants. Moreover, sources, effects of HMs and factors affecting phytoremediation of HMs metals have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad Bhat
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Omar Bashir
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144402, India
| | - Syed Anam Ul Haq
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Tawheed Amin
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Asif Rafiq
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, 193121, India
| | - Mudasir Ali
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro
- School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ave. Brasil Sul, Number 56, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; Brazil University, Street Carolina Fonseca, Number 584, 08230-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
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12
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Abidli A, Huang Y, Ben Rejeb Z, Zaoui A, Park CB. Sustainable and efficient technologies for removal and recovery of toxic and valuable metals from wastewater: Recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133102. [PMID: 34914948 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to their numerous effects on human health and the natural environment, water contamination with heavy metals and metalloids, caused by their extensive use in various technologies and industrial applications, continues to be a huge ecological issue that needs to be urgently tackled. Additionally, within the circular economy management framework, the recovery and recycling of metals-based waste as high value-added products (VAPs) is of great interest, owing to their high cost and the continuous depletion of their reserves and natural sources. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art technologies developed for the removal and recovery of metal pollutants from wastewater by providing an in-depth understanding of their remediation mechanisms, while analyzing and critically discussing the recent key advances regarding these treatment methods, their practical implementation and integration, as well as evaluating their advantages and remaining limitations. Herein, various treatment techniques are covered, including adsorption, reduction/oxidation, ion exchange, membrane separation technologies, solvents extraction, chemical precipitation/co-precipitation, coagulation-flocculation, flotation, and bioremediation. A particular emphasis is placed on full recovery of the captured metal pollutants in various reusable forms as metal-based VAPs, mainly as solid precipitates, which is a powerful tool that offers substantial enhancement of the remediation processes' sustainability and cost-effectiveness. At the end, we have identified some prospective research directions for future work on this topic, while presenting some recommendations that can promote sustainability and economic feasibility of the existing treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnasser Abidli
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Yifeng Huang
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zeineb Ben Rejeb
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Aniss Zaoui
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Chul B Park
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
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13
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Gibilisco PE, Negrin VL, Idaszkin YL. Assessing the use of two halophytes species and seaweed composting in Cu-pollution remediation strategies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 176:113413. [PMID: 35168070 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate suitable remediation strategies for Cu-polluted soils, the growth, tolerance, and Cu accumulation of Sarcocornia perennis and Limonium brasiliense were studied in hydroponic culture using different Cu concentrations, with and without Undaria pinnatifida compost. Most measured variables (e.g., water content, aboveground dry weight, malondialdehyde, pigments concentrations, tolerance index) showed a negative effect of high Cu levels in plants without compost but not in plants with compost. Plants accumulated high Cu levels in belowground tissues (bioaccumulation factor > 1) showing low translocation to aboveground parts. Based on the results, we suggest two remediation strategies: a short-term strategy: root absorption of Cu by halophytes, and a long-term strategy: using halophytes and U. pinnatifida compost, involving absorption of Cu by the plants together with metal immobilization in the substrate. This last strategy offers an additional advantage: it provides a use for seaweed waste, considered a problem for several coastal cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo E Gibilisco
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Boulevard Brown, 2915, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Boulevard Brown, 3051, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Vanesa L Negrin
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET-UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, Edificio E-1 CC 804, (8000), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, (8000), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yanina L Idaszkin
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Boulevard Brown, 2915, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Boulevard Brown, 3051, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
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14
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Aboelkassem A, Alzamel NM, Alzain MN, Loutfy N. Effect of Pb-Contaminated Water on Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H. Raven Physiology and Phytoremediation Performance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050636. [PMID: 35270106 PMCID: PMC8912741 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory experiment was led to examine the lead bioaccumulation capacity of Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) exposed to various Pb concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L) for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. The lead accumulation increased as the metal concentrations in the solution increased and over time, to an extreme accretion of 6840 mg/kg DW(dry weight) at 100 mg/L of lead on the 10 days exposure. The proportion removal efficiency, translocation factor, and bioconcentration factor of the plant were assessed. The maximum bioconcentration factor values (1981.13) indicate that the plant was a Pb hyperaccumulator, and translocation factor values (1.85), which are >1, indicate fit of L. stolonifera for eliminating Pb in Pb-contaminated water. Photosynthetic pigments were decreased with increase of Pb concentration and time exposure. Total chlorophyll content and Chl a/b ratio lowered to between 46 and 62% at 100 mg/L Pb after 10 days exposure. Protein content and soluble carbohydrate indicated a similar trend, which showed the highest decrease (7.26 and 36.2 mg/g FW(fresh weight), respectively) at 100 mg/L of Pb after 10 days. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate, and peroxidase was increased significantly in comparison to the control. The results indicate that L. stolonifera is a newly recognized Pb hyperaccumulator (6840 mg/kg DW), but physiological status indicates that the plant is not tolerant to high Pb concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Aboelkassem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag Univerisity, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (N.L.)
| | - Nurah M. Alzamel
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mashail Nasser Alzain
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naglaa Loutfy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (N.L.)
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15
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Kaushal J, Mahajan P, Kaur N. A review on application of phytoremediation technique for eradication of synthetic dyes by using ornamental plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67970-67989. [PMID: 34636019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation emerges as an innovative and eco-friendly technique to remediate textile dyes with the use of various categories of plants. In recent years, ornamental plants emerge as more attractive and effective substitute in comparison to edible plants for phytoremediation. Regardless of aesthetic value, some ornamental plants can be grown to remediate the sites contaminated with dyes, heavy metals, pesticides, or other organic compounds. In this review, we focus on pioneer research on synthetic dye removal using ornamental plants and evaluate the phytoremediation capability of ornamental plants for treatment of textile effluent. This paper also emphasized specific ornamental plants having high accumulation and tolerance ability for removal of dyes. The mechanisms explored for the phytoremediation of dyes by ornamental plants have also been explained. This review will also be helpful for researchers for exploring more new ornamental plants in phytoremediation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Kaushal
- Centre for Water Sciences, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Pooja Mahajan
- Centre for Water Sciences, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
| | - Navjeet Kaur
- Centre for Water Sciences, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
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16
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Kumar A, Subrahmanyam G, Mondal R, Cabral-Pinto MMS, Shabnam AA, Jigyasu DK, Malyan SK, Fagodiya RK, Khan SA, Kumar A, Yu ZG. Bio-remediation approaches for alleviation of cadmium contamination in natural resources. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128855. [PMID: 33199107 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal that can cause potent environmental and health hazards at different trophic levels through food chain. Cd is relatively non-biodegradable and persists for a long time in the environment. Considering the potential toxicity and non-biodegradability of Cd in the environment as well as its health hazards, this is an urgent issue of international concern that needs to be addressed by implicating suitable remedial approaches. The current article specifically attempts to review the different biological approaches for remediation of Cd contamination in natural resources. Further, bioremediation mechanisms of Cd by microbes such as bacteria, fungi, algae are comprehensively discussed. Studies indicate that heavy metal resistant microbes can be used as suitable biosorbents for the removal of Cd (up to 90%) in the natural resources. Soil-to-plant transfer coefficient (TC) of Cd ranges from 3.9 to 3340 depending on the availability of metal to plants and also on the type of plant species. The potential phytoremediation strategies for Cd removal and the key factors influencing bioremediation process are also emphasized. Studies on molecular mechanisms of transgenic plants for Cd bioremediation show immense potential for enhancing Cd phytoremediation efficiency. Thus, it is suggested that nano-technological based integrated bioremediation approaches could be a potential futuristic path for Cd decontamination in natural resources. This review would be highly useful for the biologists, chemists, biotechnologists and environmentalists to understand the long-term impacts of Cd on ecology and human health so that potential remedial measures could be taken in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China.
| | - Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India.
| | - Raju Mondal
- Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre (CSGRC), Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Thally Road, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, 635109, India.
| | - M M S Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Aftab A Shabnam
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India.
| | - Dharmendra K Jigyasu
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India.
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Research Management and Outreach Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Jalvigyan Bhawan, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| | - Ram Kishor Fagodiya
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Shakeel A Khan
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India.
| | - Zhi-Guo Yu
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China.
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17
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Chen L, Liu JR, Hu WF, Gao J, Yang JY. Vanadium in soil-plant system: Source, fate, toxicity, and bioremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124200. [PMID: 33092873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium(V) is an important component of industrial activities, while it may pose toxic hazards to plants, animals, and humans at high levels. Owing to its various uses in numerous industrial processes, high amount of V is released into the soil environment. Previous literature has focused on the biogeochemistry and ecotoxicity of V in soil-plant system. Consequently, this overview presents its source, fate, phyto-uptake, phyto-toxicity, detoxification, and bioremediation based on available data, especially published from 2015 to 2020. Vanadium occurs as various chemical forms (primarily as V(V) and V(IV)) in the soil environment, and its biogeochemical behaviour is easily influenced by soil conditions including redox potential, soil pH, organic matter, and microorganisms. Vanadium mainly accumulates in plant roots with very limited translocation to shoots. However, plants such as dog's tail grass and green bean are reported to accumulate high levels of V in aboveground tissues. An insight into the processes and mechanisms that allow plants to absorb and translocate V in soil-plant system is also stressed in this overview. In plants, low levels of V have beneficial effects on plant growth and development. Nevertheless, excessive V provokes numerous deleterious effects including reducing seed germination, inhibiting root and shoot growth, depressing photosynthesis, interfering with nutrients uptake, inducing overgeneration of ROS, and leading to lipid peroxidation. Mechanisms related to detoxification strategies like sequestration in root system, compartmentation in vacuoles and cell wall, and antioxidant defence systems to endure V-induced toxicity in plants are discussed as well. The detailed knowledge of bioremediation involved in the cleanup of V-contaminated soils would immensely help understand and improve the remediation process. Furthermore, this overview outlines several research gaps requiring further investigation in order to advance our understanding of the biogeochemical roles of V in soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China; College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jin-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Wei-Fang Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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18
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Yu B, Peng Y, Xu J, Qin D, Gao T, Zhu H, Zuo S, Song H, Dong J. Phytoremediation potential of Youngia japonica (L.) DC: a newly discovered cadmium hyperaccumulator. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6044-6057. [PMID: 32989693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic contaminants, causing a lot of harm to environment and the human health. An outdoor pot experiment for 60 days was conducted to study the Cd(II) effects on growth, biomass, physiological properties, Cd uptake, and accumulation in Youngia japonica plants but also to evaluate the effect of Y. japonica growth on enzyme activity of Cd-contamination soils. Generally, the application of Cd(II) less than 120 mg kg-1 stimulated the growth of the plants, whereas at 160 mg kg-1 or higher levels, a significant reduction was observed. For all treatments > 10 mg kg-1 Cd(II) in soil, values of Cd in roots and aboveground parts were more than the critical value of 100 mg kg-1 and reached highest values of 252.51 and 314.29 mg kg-1, respectively. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) and translation factors (TF) for all Cd treatments were more than 1.0, with the former ranging from 1.03 to 5.46 and the later from 1.04 to 1.33. The activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the levels of glutathione (GSH) and proline in Y. japonica plants after exposure to 10-200 mg kg-1 Cd(II) were stimulated, implying that they were defensive guards to the oxidative stress produced by Cd. The urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities under low Cd concentrations can be enhanced by planting Y. japonica species but inhibited under high Cd concentrations. Our data provide comprehensive evidence that Y. japonica has the typical properties of a Cd hyperaccumulator and thus may be practically employed to alleviate Cd from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Song
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Polechońska L, Klink A. Validation of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae as a possible bioindicator of trace element pollution in freshwaters using Ceratophyllum demersum as a reference species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116145. [PMID: 33316503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of trace metal pollution in aquatic environments remains a challenge. Chemical methods are insufficient and bioindicators seem to be the most promising alternative. Finding an adequate species is important to ensure accurate data. The combined use of several bioindicators may help to overcome the limitations of species' spatial distribution and specific reactions. The aims of the present study were to compare the contents and bioaccumulation capability of 11 trace elements in Ceratophyllum demersum and different organs of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae and to validate H. morsus-ranae as a bioindicator of pollution in aquatic reservoirs using C. demersum, an established bioindicator, as a reference species. The application of several statistical techniques allowed us to identify similarities in accumulation patterns and concentration gradients between the two species. The results showed that concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Zn, V in C. demersum and roots of H. morsus-ranae were similar and mostly higher than in the leaves and stems of H. morsus-ranae. The contents of Cd, Co, Cr, Li, Mn, Ni, Rb, V, Zn were positively correlated. The inner transport of metals in H. morsus-ranae was limited (TF < 1). Both species are accumulators (BF > 103) of Ni and Zn, and H. morsus-ranae also of Cu and Pb. Frog-bit roots were chosen to be most promising in bioindication. Major axis regression analysis showed that the uptake of Cd, Cr, Co, Li and Pb was similar in the two species. Neural networks demonstrated substantial uniformity in responses of C. demersum and roots of H. morsus-ranae to the type of anthropogenic activity and land use and similar spatial distributions of Cd, Cr, Co, Li and Pb. When Nemerow Pollution Index was applied, both species showed congruent gradients of contamination. Thus, H. morsus-ranae was validated as a reliable bioindicator of trace metal pollution in freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmiła Polechońska
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, Ul. Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Klink
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, Ul. Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
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Martinez S, Sáenz ME, Alberdi JL, Di Marzio WD. Comparative ecotoxicity of single and binary mixtures exposures of cadmium and nickel on growth and biomarkers of Lemna gibba. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:91-103. [PMID: 33237400 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the toxicity effects of cadmium-nickel (Cd-Ni) after single and mixtures exposures over the macrophyte Lemna gibba. Effects were assessed on growth, as frond number and fresh weight and biochemical parameters, such as total protein content and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Plants were exposed to single Cd and Ni in concentrations that ranged between 0.13-33 mg/L and 0.18 and 11.82 mg/L, respectively. For binary mixtures, individual metal IC50 values were used for selection of the evaluated concentrations. The experimental design consisted in three different ratios based on the concept of toxic units (TU), each ratio was evaluated by five different concentrations. Both single and mixture treatments were performed for 7 days following the conditions according to OECD (2006). Single and mixture exposures affected plant growth and the biomarkers of the antioxidant response. Growth parameters showed a differential sensitivity after individual metal exposures. Cd was more toxic for L. gibba plants when fresh weight was considered, but on the contrary, considering frond number, Ni was the most toxic metal. IC50-7d, based on growth rate calculated on frond number were 17.8 and 2.47 mg/L, and on fresh weight were 1.08 and 3.89 mg/L, for Cd and Ni respectively. LOEC values for Cd were obtained at 2.06 and 1.03 mg/L, for frond number and fresh weight, respectively; while for Ni, these values were 0.92 and 11.82 mg/L. The three evaluated ratios for binary mixtures resulted in a high toxicity considering the same response variables in single metal exposures. Ratio 1 (2/3 TU Cd-1/3 TU Ni) was the most toxic considering both frond number and fresh weight, showing percentage inhibition of growth rates of 96 and 90%, respectively for the highest concentration. A modification of the protein content was observed in single, but especially in the mixture treatments. The activity of catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX; EC 1.11.1.11) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX; EC 1.11.1.7) was also affected in single and mixtures assays. APOX and GPOX showed a higher increase of its activities respect the controls after mixture treatments than for single metal treatments. Such optimization of the antioxidant system could be one of the causes of the antagonistic toxicity observed in mixture exposures. Concentration addition (CA) reference model, based on frond number, in Cd-Ni mixtures was not a good predictor to evaluate toxicity from dissolved metal concentration since the results showed that toxicity was less than additive, with an average of ΣTU = 2.17. The observed antagonisms resulted to be stronger in mixtures with higher metal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Martinez
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - M E Sáenz
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - J L Alberdi
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - W D Di Marzio
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina.
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21
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Menhas S, Hayat K, Niazi NK, Zhou P, Bundschuh J, Naeem M, Munis MFH, Yang X, Chaudhary HJ. Microbe-EDTA mediated approach in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soils using maize ( Zea mays L.) plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:585-596. [PMID: 33166474 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1842997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated the potential of Cronobacter sakazakii- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) assisted phytoremediation potential of Zea mays L. to remediate lead (Pb)-contaminated soils. The C. sakazakii exhibited various stress tolerance mechanisms via plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, intrinsic extracellular enzyme production and antibiotic resistance. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the dual effects of plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB)-chelator synergy in maize plants under different Pb contaminated soil regimes. C. sakazaii-EDTA (5 mM EDTA kg-1) complex significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced plant growth and biomass (48.91%); chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents (27.26%, 25.02% and 42.09%); relative water content (61.33%); proline content (63.60%); root and shoot Pb accumulation capacity (52.31% and 44.71%) in Pb contaminated soils. This may suggest the efficacy of current approach in enhancing plant tolerance capability toward Pb-uptake and phytoremediation capacity. Moreover, maize plants showed differential response to Pb availability in soil-1 (S1; Pb spiked soil, 500 mg kg-1) and soil-2 (S2; aged-contaminated soil) under various treatments. We describe the intriguing role of C. sakazakii-EDTA-maize system for Pb decontamination which can be used as a base line to explore the proposed combinatorial approach for long-term trails under field conditions for reclamation of Pb-contaminated soils.HighlightsThe PGPEB-EDTA mediated potential of Z. mays against Pb spiked and industrial contaminated soils is noticed.Increased tolerance of Z. mays against Pb in association with C. sakazakii, and EDTA is reported first time.Enhanced accumulation of metals by Z. mays is reported under combined treatment of C. sakazakii, and EDTA.Inoculation of plants with C. sakazakii, and EDTA has positive effects on growth and accumulation of Pb by Z. mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqa Menhas
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Xijia Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hassan Javed Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Cao Q, Liu W, Gu Y, Xie L, Jiang W, Gao Y, Yang L. Synergetic enhancement toxicity of copper, cadmium and microcystin-LR to the Ceratophyllum demersum L. Toxicon 2020; 186:151-159. [PMID: 32798503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals and microcystins commonly co-exist in water bodies with cyanobacteria, and have been shown to affect aquatic plants. However, their combined effects remain largely unknown. In this study, the toxic effects of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on Ceratophyllum demersum L. were characterized in the presence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The results showed that the bioaccumulation of MC-LR and Cu/Cd in C. demersum was significantly increased by the interaction between MC-LR and Cu/Cd. The combined toxicity assessment results suggested that the toxicities of Cu or Cd to C. demersum would be largely exacerbated by MC-LR, which could be the results of increased bioaccumulation of the pollutants. Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture, significantly decreased plant fresh weight and total chlorophyll content of C. demersum, especially at their high concentrations. The antioxidative system was activated to cope with the adverse effects of oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly stimulated by Cu, Cd and MC-LR, as well as their mixture. However, the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were observed when exposed to relative high concentrations of Cu or Cd together with MC-LR of 5 μg L-1. MC-LR brought more stress to the antioxidative system, which is another possible explanation for the synergistic effect. Our findings highlight increased ecological risks of the co-contamination of heavy metals and harmful cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weili Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Moghaddam M, Mehdizadeh L, Sharifi Z. Macro- and microelement content and health risk assessment of heavy metals in various herbs of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12320-12331. [PMID: 31993898 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, element content and health risk of the most popular herbs from Iran were evaluated. The samples of raw materials from 30 different herbs were purchased from the local markets of Iran. The concentration levels of some elements including macroelements (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Na), and heavy metals (Cd, Ni, and Pb) of studied herbs were evaluated. The potential of health risks was calculated by Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Hazard Index (HI). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to test a hypothesis about differences between the mean values. The highest levels of Ca (20,000 ± 26.3 mg/kg), Mg (9600 ± 45.4 mg/kg), N (59,955 ± 11.55 mg/kg), P (6544 ± 20 mg/kg), and K (56,563.2 ± 18 mg/kg) were found in Zataria multiflora, Malva sylvestris, Acasia arbus, Cannabis sativa, and Amomum subulatum, respectively. In addition, the highest concentration levels of Fe (987 ± 75.27 mg/kg), Zn (1187.5 ± 10 mg/kg), Cu (64.2 ± 2 mg/kg), Mn (272.3 ± 66.62 mg/kg), and Na (2658.8 ± 20.3 mg/kg) were recorded in Bunium persicum, Peganum harmala, Papaver somniferum, Alpinia officinalis, and Cuminum cyminum, respectively. Acasia arbus, Anethum graveolens, and Malva sylvestris showed the highest concentration of Ni (6.07 ± 0.04 mg/kg), Cd (1.64 ± 0.16 mg/kg), and Pb (9.27 ± 0.25 mg/kg). Based on performed health risk assessment on the studied plants, EDI, THQ, and HI values of all of them were less than 1. This study indicated that there were several harmful elements in the herbs. The healthier plant species are those with the least concentration of Pb, Ni, and Cd, which include Vitex agnus-custus and Teucrium polium. On the other hand, the toxic plants with a higher concentration of Pb, Ni, and Cd included Malva sylvestris, Acasia arbus, and Anethum graveolens. In addition, evaluation of human risk assessment is an important factor for investigating the concentration of heavy metals harmful for human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moghaddam
- Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Leila Mehdizadeh
- Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Sharifi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran
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Dogan M. Effect of salt stress on in vitro organogenesis from nodal explant of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. and Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. and their physio-morphological and biochemical responses. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:803-816. [PMID: 32255941 PMCID: PMC7113342 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stress factors that limit crop productivity by affecting the growth of plants. Therefore, it is significant to know the responses of plants against salt stress. In this study, the callus formation capabilities of nodal explants of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. and Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. incubated under different NaCl concentrations (0-100 mM) in in vitro culture conditions were investigated and also the effect of NaCl on the release of regenerated shoots from these calluses was examined. Furthermore, the plants under NaCI stress were evaluated physiologically and biochemically. Callus formation percentages and callus intensities from the nodal explants decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. In addition, yellowing, browning and even deaths were observed in calluses under salt toxicity. The callus was taken into the subculture, and the increased NaCl concentration in both plant species adversely affected the regeneration ability of the shoots. The number of shoots per callus for L. aromatica and B. monnieri was 6.72-17.49 and 7.42-15.38, respectively. The length of shoots in L. aromatica was between 0.95 and 1.65 cm, and in B. monnieri between 1.17 and 1.81 cm. The lowest number of shoots per callus and the shoot lengths were found in medium containing 100 mM NaCl. Moreover, photosynthetic pigmentation, lipid peroxidation, protein content, and proline content was damaged with increased salinity compared to the control group. This comprehensive study in tissue culture conditions can a be potential contributor to the literature and can help other studies to be carried out in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Dogan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, 70100 Karaman, Turkey
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25
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Yan X, Wang J, Song H, Peng Y, Zuo S, Gao T, Duan X, Qin D, Dong J. Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential of dominant plant species growing in a chromium salt-producing factory wasteland, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7657-7671. [PMID: 31889268 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The metal contents of the soil and plant tissues in a large chromium salt-producing factory wasteland were determined to assess the properties of soil contamination and to identify plant species accumulating a range of heavy metals. Total metal contents in the factory soils presented a high heterogeneity, and the principal contaminants were Cd and Cr. All plant species examined were metal-tolerant, but to different extents. Especially, the maximum accumulation of Cd (15.61 mg kg-1) and Cr (925.07 mg kg-1) was found in Melia azedarach L. Subsequently, the Cd and Cr bioaccumulation and diverse physiological properties of M. azedarach seedlings exposed to different concentrations of Cd(II), Cr(VI), or Cd(II) + Cr(VI) in nutrient solutions were further investigated. All treated seedlings were able to survive under heavy metal stress, and the accumulation of both metals in plant tissues increased with elevation of metal exposure strength. M. azedarach showed a BCF greater than 147.56 for Cd and 36.76 for Cr. Meanwhile, the TF was lower than 0.25 for Cd and 0.32 for Cr. The highest bioaccumulation in root tissues was 2708.03 mg kg-1 Cd and 824.65 mg kg-1 Cr for seedlings cultured with 20 mg L-1 Cd(II) or 20 mg L-1 Cr(VI). Cd and Cr increased each other's uptake in seedlings although a reduced accumulation in roots occurred when exposed to the highest concentration of Cd(II) + Cr(VI) treatment (20 mg L-1). At either level of concentration, the degree of plant growth inhibition and oxidative damage caused by heavy metals was Cd(II) + Cr(VI) > Cr(VI) > Cd(II). Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase exhibited positive and effective responses to low-Cd(II) or Cr(VI) concentration stress, but their activities decreased with increasing metal exposure strength. The behavior of the non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, soluble protein, and proline) in plant involved in the detoxification of ROS induced by metal exposure was correlated well with higher Cd and Cr accumulations. Here, the potentiality of M. azedarach with the capacity to accumulate and stabilize Cd/Cr in metal-contaminated soil by phytoremediation process has been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Song
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Zuo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancong Gao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Qin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Kohli SK, Handa N, Bali S, Khanna K, Arora S, Sharma A, Bhardwaj R. Current Scenario of Pb Toxicity in Plants: Unraveling Plethora of Physiological Responses. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 249:153-197. [PMID: 30900073 DOI: 10.1007/398_2019_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an extremely toxic metal for all living forms including plants. It enters plants through roots from soil or soil solution. It is considered as one of the most eminent examples of anthropogenic environmental pollutant added in environment through mining and smelting of lead ores, coal burning, waste from battery industries, leaded paints, metal plating, and automobile exhaust. Uptake of Pb in plants is a nonselective process and is driven by H+/ATPases. Translocation of Pb metal ions occurs by apoplastic movement resulting in deposition of metal ions in the endodermis and is further transported by symplastic movement. Plants exposed to high concentration of Pb show toxic symptoms due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through Fenton-Haber-Weiss reaction. ROS include superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide, which reach to macro- and micro-cellular levels in the plant cells and cause oxidative damage. Plant growth and plethora of biochemical and physiological attributes including plant growth, water status, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidative defense system, phenolic compounds, metal chelators, osmolytes, and redox status are adversely influenced by Pb toxicity. Plants respond to toxic levels of Pb in varied ways such as restricted uptake of metal, chelation of metal ions to the root endodermis, enhancement in activity of antioxidative defense, alteration in metal transporters expression, and involvement of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| | - Neha Handa
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Shagun Bali
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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Martinez RS, Sáenz ME, Alberdi JL, Di Marzio WD. Comparative ecotoxicity of single and binary mixtures exposures of nickel and zinc on growth and biomarkers of Lemna gibba. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:686-697. [PMID: 31222581 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the ecotoxicity of nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) assayed as single and as binary mixture. In addition, how were affected the population growth rates and oxidative stress biomarkers, comparing single to binary exposures. The toxicity tests were performed on Lemna gibba using a 7-day test. All calculations were made using measured total dissolved metal concentrations. IC50-7d, based on growth rate calculated on frond number and fresh weight, were 2.47/3.89 mg/L, and 76.73/76.93 mg/L, for Ni and Zn, respectively. Single metals affected plant growth following a non-linear concentration-response relationship. LOEC values for each metal were obtained at 0.92 and 20.1 mg/L for Ni and Zn, respectively. Biomarkers of the antioxidant response like Catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX; EC 1.11.1.11) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX; EC 1.11.1.7) activities in single metals assays were higher than controls, but when similar concentrations were added as mixtures, that increase was reduced and inhibition with respect to the control was observed for GPOX. APOX showed the highest activity. The concentration addition (CA) approach was evaluated and resulted in a correct predictor of Ni-Zn mixture toxicity on Lemna gibba. This was made comparing the EC50 and LOEC, measured taking the growth rate as endpoint, with those expected values according to the CA model. However, the measured biomarkers indicating a positive response to free radicals did not fit to concentration addition model when assayed in the binary mixture. Also, the main activity response of these was observed within a range of concentrations below the LOEC values for the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Martinez
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - M E Sáenz
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - J L Alberdi
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - W D Di Marzio
- CONICET Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina.
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Xu X, Yang B, Qin G, Wang H, Zhu Y, Zhang K, Yang H. Growth, accumulation, and antioxidative responses of two Salix genotypes exposed to cadmium and lead in hydroponic culture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:19770-19784. [PMID: 31090001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cd and Pb are a toxic environmental pollutant, and their elevated concentrations in the waters and soils could exert detriment effects on human health by food chain. In order to evaluate the capacity to heavy metal accumulation and the physiochemical responses of two Salix genotypes, a 35-day hydroponic seedling experiment was implemented with Salix matsudana Koidz. 'Shidi1' (A42) and Salix psammophila C. 'Huangpi1' (A94) under different concentrations of Cd (15 and 30 μM) or Pb (250 and 300 μM). The results showed that the biomass of A94 severely reduced more than that of A42. The accumulation ability of Cd in different plant organs followed the sequence of leaves > roots > stems. Pb primarily accumulated in the roots for both Salix genotypes (54.27 mg g-1 for A42 and 54.52 mg g-1 for A94). Translocation factors based on accumulation (TF') for Cd were more than 8.0, while TF's for Pb were less than 1.0 in both A42 and A94, implying they could be applied in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated sites due to their stronger ability to Cd phytoextraction. The stress of Cd or Pb significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and increased photosynthetic rates in leaves of two Salix genotypes. Transpiration rates of willow were positively correlated with its Cd translocation. Both catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities were suppressed, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD) was boosted with increasing Cd and Pb levels in the leaves and roots of the two willow genotypes, suggesting SOD plays an important role in the removal of ROS. The inconsistency of the changes in enzyme activity suggests that the integrated antioxidative mechanisms regulate the tolerance to Cd and Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, No. 42, East Road of Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yidan Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaizhen Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, 250022, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hanqi Yang
- The Xiuwen International Academy at Jinan, Jinan, 250100, China
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Wei R, Guo Q, Tian L, Kong J, Bai Y, Okoli CP, Wang L. Characteristics of cadmium accumulation and isotope fractionation in higher plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:1-11. [PMID: 30802672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution of the soil is an important global environmental issue owing to its great toxicity. The study of metal isotope fractionation is a novel technique that could be used to identify and quantify metal uptake and transport mechanisms in plant. In this study, cadmium tolerant Ricinus communis and hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum have been cultured in different Cd concentration nutrient solutions. The Cd isotope values, metal elements concentrations in the organs (root, stem and leaf) in the two plant species have been measured during the growth periods (10d, 15d, 20d, 25d, and 30d). The results indicate that the organs of S. nigrum could be enriched with lighter Cd isotopes compared with R. communis. In addition, the Cd isotope fractionation become smaller when the plants were subjected to high Cd toxicity, which indicates that Cd isotope fractionation reflected the extent of Cd toxicity to plants. This study advances our current view of Cd translocation machination in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Liyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Chukwunonso Peter Okoli
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Federal University Ndufu-Allike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Liyuan Wang
- College of Zijin Mining, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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Effect of cadmium, chromium, and lead on micropropagation and physio-biochemical parameters of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. cultured in vitro. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-019-00796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Li C, Wang M, Luo X, Liang L, Han X, Lin X. Accumulation and effects of uranium on aquatic macrophyte Nymphaea tetragona Georgi: Potential application to phytoremediation and environmental monitoring. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 198:43-49. [PMID: 30590332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the ability of Nymphaea tetragona Georgi (N. tetragona) to accumulate water-borne uranium and any effects this could exert on this plant species. In accumulation experiments, N. tetragona was exposed (21 d) to different concentrations of uranium (0-55 mg L-1) and the content of uranium was determined in water and plant tissues (leaves, submerged position and plant) to determine the translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF). The content of uranium in the plant and plant tissues showed concentration-dependent uptake, leaves were the predominant tissue for uranium accumulation, and TF and BCF values were both affected by the concentration of uranium in the water. In this research, the uranium content and BCF value in the leaves of N. tetragona were upto 3446 ± 155 mg kg-1 and 73 ± 3, respectively. In physiological experiments, uranium treatment boosted the activity of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves, and increasing uranium concentrations aggravated damage to the cell membrane system. Uranium contamination significantly inhibited the content of soluble protein, as well as chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotene in the leaves, indicating the structure and function of chloroplast were destroyed, reducing the photosynthetic performance of plants. These results indicate that the macrophyte N. tetragona can accumulate uranium while showing a stress response via metabolic mechanisms under uranium exposure, and it may be a suitable bioremediation candidate for aquatic marine contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China; School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723001, PR China.
| | - Maolin Wang
- School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China.
| | - Lili Liang
- Sichuan Preschool Educator College, Jiangyou, Sichuan, 621070, PR China
| | - Xu Han
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
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Kumar A, Prasad MNV. Plant-lead interactions: Transport, toxicity, tolerance, and detoxification mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:401-418. [PMID: 30290327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural and human activities introduced an excess level of toxic lead (Pb) to the environment. Pb has no known biological significance and its interactions with plants lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pb and/or ROS have the potential to cause phytotoxicity by damaging the tissue ultrastructure, cellular components, and biomolecules. These damaging effects may possibly result in the inhibition of normal cellular functioning, physiological reactions, and overall plant performances. ROS play a dual role and act as a signaling molecule in plant defense system. This system encircles enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative mechanisms. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and enzymes from the ascorbate-glutathione cycle are the major enzymatic antioxidants, while non-enzymatic antioxidants include phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and glutathione. Pb removal from contaminated sites using plants depend on the plant's Pb accumulation capacity, Pb-induced phytotoxicity, and tolerance and detoxification mechanisms plants adopted to combat against this phytotoxicity. However, the consolidated information discussing Pb-plant interaction including Pb uptake and its translocation within tissues, Pb-mediated phytotoxic symptoms, antioxidative mechanisms, cellular, and protein metabolisms are rather limited. Thus, we aimed to present a consolidated information and critical discussions focusing on the recent studies related to the Pb-induced toxicity and oxidative stress situations in different plants. The important functions of different antioxidants in plants during Pb stress have been reviewed. Additionally, tolerance responses and detoxification mechanisms in the plant through the regulation of gene expression, and glutathione and protein metabolisms to compete against Pb-induced phytotoxicity are also briefly discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India.
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Bali S, Kaur P, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Thukral AK, Bhardwaj R, Wijaya L, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Jasmonic acid induced changes in physio-biochemical attributes and ascorbate-glutathione pathway in Lycopersicon esculentum under lead stress at different growth stages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:1344-1360. [PMID: 30248858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of most toxic heavy metals that adversely affect growth and developmental in plants. It becomes necessary to explore environment safe strategies to ameliorate its toxic effects. Phytohormones play an imperative role in regulating stress protection in plants. Jasmonic acid (JA) is recognized as a potential phytohormone which mediates immune and growth responses to enhance plant survival under stressful environment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of JA on the growth, metal uptake, gaseous exchange parameters, and on the contents of pigments, osmolytes, and metal chelating compounds in tomato plants under Pb stress during different stages of growth (in 30-, 45-, and 60-day-old plants). We observed a decrease in shoot and root lengths under Pb stress. Treatment of JA improved the shoot and root lengths in the Pb-treated plants. The Pb uptake was increased with the increasing concentrations of Pb, however, seeds pretreated with JA reduced the Pb uptake by the plants. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increased by JA treatment in plants under Pb stress. Pre-soaking of seeds in JA, improved gaseous exchange parameters, such as internal CO2 concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate under Pb stress. JA enhanced the enzyme activity of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and reduced H2O2 concentration in Pb-treated plants. The contents of osmolyte and metal chelating compounds (total thiols, and non-protein and protein-bound thiols) were increased with the increase in Pb stress. In seeds primed with JA, the contents of osmolytes and metal chelating compounds were further increased in the Pb-treated plants. Our results suggested that treatment of JA ameliorated the toxic effects of Pb stress by reducing the Pb uptake and improving the growth, photosynthetic attributes, activity of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and increasing the contents of osmolytes and metal chelating compounds in the tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Bali
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Parminder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thukral
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Defense Mechanisms of Two Pioneer Submerged Plants during Their Optimal Performance Period in the Bioaccumulation of Lead: A Comparative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122844. [PMID: 30551602 PMCID: PMC6313381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, two pioneer, submerged plants, effectively remove heavy metals from contaminated water. The present work evaluates the bioaccumulation and defense mechanisms of these plants in the accumulation of lead from contaminated water during their optimal performance period. C. demersum and H. verticillata were investigated after 14 days of exposure to various lead concentrations (5–80 μM). The lead accumulation in both C. demersum and H. verticillata increased with an increasing lead concentration, reaching maximum values of 2462.7 and 1792 mg kg−1 dw, respectively, at 80 μM. The biomass and protein content decreased significantly in C. demersum when exposed to lead. The biomass of H. verticillata exposed to lead had no significant difference from that of the controls, and the protein content increased for the 5–10 μM exposure groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were much higher in C. demersum, suggesting considerable damage from lipid peroxidation and sensitivity to lead stress. Enzyme inhibition and inactivation were also observed in C. demersum at high lead concentrations (40–80 μM). The excellent growth status, low damage from lipid peroxidation, and high activity of catalase (CAT) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) observed in H. verticillata illustrate its better tolerance under the same lead stress.
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