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Wei S, Liu T, Zhao Y, Xiao Y, Zhou D, Zheng J, Zhou D, Ding Z, Xu Q, Limbu SM, Kong Y. Combined effects of dietary carbohydrate levels and ammonia stress on growth, antioxidant capacity and glucose metabolism in juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 339:978-993. [PMID: 37602652 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is a common environmental stress factor that constrains aquaculture industry development. This study evaluated the effect of carbohydrate levels and ammonia stress in oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). The experiment had six treatments containing two water ammonia levels (0 and 5 mg/L) and three dietary carbohydrate levels (low carbohydrate diet (LCD, 10%), medium carbohydrate diet [MCD, 20%], and high carbohydrate diet [HCD, 30%]), and lasted six weeks. The results showed that the prawns fed on MCD had higher weight gain than those fed on LCD and HCD during ammonia stress. Moreover, the prawns fed on MCD had significantly lower acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities during ammonia stress. Feeding the prawns on the MCD increased B cells in the hepatopancreas during ammonia stress. Interestingly, the prawns fed on MCD had significantly lower superoxide dismutase activity compared to LCD and HCD during ammonia stress. Moreover, the prawns fed on MCD had significantly lower pyruvate kinase activity and pyruvate and lactic acid contents, while those fed on LCD had significantly higher succinic dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase activities during ammonia stress. The prawns fed on the MCD increased significantly glutaminase activity and decreased the ammonia content in the serum during ammonia exposure. In addition, feeding the prawns on MCD decreased significantly the expression of apoptosis and inflammation-related genes. Taken together, the MCD supplied energy required to counteract ammonia stress, which increased growth, improved antioxidant capacity, facilitated ammonia excretion, and alleviated inflammation and apoptosis of the oriental river prawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yani Zhao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinxian Zheng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhili Ding
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiyou Xu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- Department of Aquaculture Technology, School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Youqin Kong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang Y, Gao J, Cao L, Du J, Xu G, Xu P. Microcystin-LR-induced autophagy via miR-282-5p/PIK3R1 pathway in Eriocheir sinensis hepatopancreas. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115661. [PMID: 37948941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
With the intensifying climate warming, blue-green algae blooms have become more frequent and severe, releasing environmental hazards such as microcystin that pose potential threats to human and animal health. Autophagy has been shown to play a crucial role in regulating immune responses induced by environmental hazards, enabling cells to adapt to stress and protect against damage. Although microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has been identified to affect autophagy in mammalian, its impact on aquatic animals has been poorly studied. To investigate the toxicological effects of MC-LR in aquatic ecosystems, we constructed a microRNA profile of acute MC-LR stress in the hepatopancreas of the Chinese mitten crab. Interestingly, we found the MC-LR exposure activated autophagy in the hepatopancreas based on the following evidence. Specifically, mRNA expression level of ATG7, Beclin1 and Gabarap was significantly up-regulated, autophagy regulatory pathways were significantly enriched, and numerous autolysosomes and autophagosomes were observed. Additionally, we found that miR-282-5p and its target gene PIK3R1 played important regulatory roles in autophagy by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Overexpression of miR-282-5p mimicked MC-LR-induced autophagy by inhibiting PIK3R1 expression, while miR-282-5p silencing inhibited autophagy by promoting PIK3R1 expression. Altogether, our findings suggest that MC-LR increases miR-282-5p, which then targets inhibition of PIK3R1 to stimulate autophagy. This study focused on the stress response regulatory mechanisms of juvenile crabs to toxic pollutants in water, offering a potential target for alleviating the toxicity of MC-LR. These findings lay a foundation for reducing the toxicity of MC-LR and environmental hazards in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang QJ, Xu WB, Zou W, Xiang XL, Gong ZJ, Cai YJ. The Multifaceted Effects of Short-Term Acute Hypoxia Stress: Insights into the Tolerance Mechanism of Propsilocerus akamusi (Diptera: Chironomidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:800. [PMID: 37887812 PMCID: PMC10607839 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Plenty of freshwater species, especially macroinvertebrates that are essential to the provision of numerous ecosystem functions, encounter higher mortality due to acute hypoxia. However, within the family Chironomidae, a wide range of tolerance to hypoxia/anoxia is displayed. Propsilocerus akamusi depends on this great tolerance to become a dominant species in eutrophic lakes. To further understand how P. akamusi responds to acute hypoxic stress, we used multi-omics analysis in combination with histomorphological characteristics and physiological indicators. Thus, we set up two groups-a control group (DO 8.4 mg/L) and a hypoxic group (DO 0.39 mg/L)-to evaluate enzyme activity and the transcriptome, metabolome, and histomorphological characteristics. With blue-black chromatin, cell tightness, cell membrane invagination, and the production of apoptotic vesicles, tissue cells displayed typical apoptotic features in the hypoxic group. Although lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), catalase (CAT), and Na+/K+ -ATPase (NKA) activities were dramatically enhanced under hypoxic stress, glycogen content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly reduced compared to the control group. The combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome, which further demonstrated, in addition to carbohydrates, including glycogen, the involvement of energy metabolism pathways, including fatty acid, protein, trehalose, and glyoxylate cycles, provided additional support for the aforementioned findings. Lactate is the end product of glycogen degradation, and HIF-1 plays an important role in promoting glycogenolysis in acute hypoxic conditions. However, we discovered that the ethanol tested under hypoxic stress likely originates from the symbiodinium of P. akamusi. These results imply that some parameters related to energy metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities, and histomorphological features may be used as biomarkers of eutrophic lakes in Chironomus riparius larvae. The study also provides a scientific reference for assessing toxicity and favoring policies to reduce their impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Z.-J.G.)
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qing-Ji Zhang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Z.-J.G.)
| | - Xian-Ling Xiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Z.-J.G.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yong-Jiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Z.-J.G.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
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Lee Y, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Wang M, Wu RSS, Jeung HD, Hwang UK, Lee JS. Hypoxia in aquatic invertebrates: Occurrence and phenotypic and molecular responses. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106685. [PMID: 37690363 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Global deoxygenation in aquatic systems is an increasing environmental problem, and substantial oxygen loss has been reported. Aquatic animals have been continuously exposed to hypoxic environments, so-called "dead zones," in which severe die-offs among organisms are driven by low-oxygen events. Multiple studies of hypoxia exposure have focused on in vivo endpoints, metabolism, oxidative stress, and immune responses in aquatic invertebrates such as molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, and cnidarians. They have shown that acute and chronic exposure to hypoxia induces significant decreases in locomotion, respiration, feeding, growth, and reproduction rates. Also, several studies have examined the molecular responses of aquatic invertebrates, such as anaerobic metabolism, reactive oxygen species induction, increased antioxidant enzymes, immune response mechanisms, regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) genes, and differently expressed hemoglobin/hemocyanin. The genetic basis of those molecular responses involves HIF-1α pathway genes, which are highly expressed in hypoxic conditions. However, the identification of HIF-1α-related genes and understanding of their applications in some aquatic invertebrates remain inadequate. Also, some species of crustaceans, rotifers, sponges, and ctenophores that lack HIF-1α are thought to have alternative defense mechanisms to cope with hypoxia, but those factors are still unclear. This review covers the formation of hypoxia in aquatic environments and the various adverse effects of hypoxia on aquatic invertebrates. The limitations of current hypoxia research and genetic information about the HIF-1α pathway are also discussed. Finally, this paper explains the underlying processes of the hypoxia response and presents an integrated program for research about the molecular mechanisms of hypoxic stresses in aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoseop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Minghua Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rudolf Shiu Sun Wu
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hee-Do Jeung
- Tidal Flat Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gunsan 54001, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Tidal Flat Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gunsan 54001, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Wei S, Zhang J, Chen W, Shen A, Zhou D, Zheng J, Thiam H, Ding Z, Limbu SM, Kong Y. Adverse effects of chronic ammonia stress on juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) and alteration of glucose and ammonia metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:545-554. [PMID: 36288433 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is one of the common stress factors in aquaculture. However, the effect of chronic ammonia exposure in juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) is currently unexplored. This study explored the effects of chronic ammonia on juvenile healthy oriental river prawns. Fifty prawns (0.123 ± 0.003 g) were exposed to 0, 5, and 15 mg/L total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) in triplicates for 28 days. The effects of chronic ammonia challenge were evaluated on growth, antioxidant capacity, hepatopancreas and gill morphology, and glucose and ammonia metabolism. The results showed that, the chronic ammonia exposure reduced significantly survival rate and weight gain of prawns. The prawns exposed to 15 mg/L ammonia had induced oxidative stress. However, the prawn exposed to 15 mg/L ammonia had significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase activities in the serum. Furthermore, exposure of prawns to 15 mg/L ammonia increased the activities of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate and lactic acid content, and glutamine synthase activity. However, the prawns exposed to 15 mg/L ammonia, reduced succinic dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase activities but increased ammonia content in serum. The exposure of ammonia deformed lumen, damaged basement membrane and decreased secretory cells in the hepatopancreas, disordered gill epithelial and pillar cells, and caused gill filament base vacuolation. Our study indicates that chronic ammonia stress impairs growth performance, tissue morphology, induces oxidative stress, and alters glucose and ammonia metabolism in juvenile oriental river prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanxin Chen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anfu Shen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinxian Zheng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Habib Thiam
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhili Ding
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- Department of Aquaculture Technology, School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Youqin Kong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhao Q, Sun X, Zheng C, Xue C, Jin Y, Zhou N, Sun S. The evolutionarily conserved hif-1/bnip3 pathway promotes mitophagy and mitochondrial fission in crustacean testes during hypoxia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 324:R128-R142. [PMID: 36468826 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00212.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) cascade is an ancient and strongly evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that is involved in the hypoxic responses of most metazoans. Despite immense advances in the understanding of the HIF-1-mediated regulation of hypoxic responses in mammals, the contribution of the hif-1 cascade in the hypoxic adaptation of nonmodel invertebrates remains unclear. In this study, we used the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense for investigating the roles of hif-1-regulated mitophagy in crustacean testes under hypoxic conditions. We identified that the Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein (bnip3) functions as a regulator of mitophagy in M. nipponense and demonstrated that hif-1α activates bnip3 by binding to the bnip3 promoter. Hif-1α knockdown suppressed the expression of multiple mitophagy-related genes, and prawns with hif-1α knockdown exhibited higher mortality under hypoxic conditions. We observed that the levels of BNIP3 were induced under hypoxic conditions and detected that bnip3 knockdown inhibited the mitochondrial translocation of dynamin-related protein 1 (drp1), which is associated with mitochondrial fission. Notably, bnip3 knockdown inhibited hypoxia-induced mitophagy and aggravated the deleterious effects of hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. The experimental studies demonstrated that hypoxia induced mitochondrial fission in M. nipponense via drp1. Altogether, the study elucidated the mechanism underlying hif-1/bnip3-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy and demonstrated that this pathway protects crustaceans against ROS production and apoptosis induced by acute hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sun S, Zhao Q, Xue C, Zheng C. Comparative Phosphoproteomics Reveals a Role for AMPK in Hypoxia Signaling in Testes of Oriental River Prawn ( Macrobrachium nipponense). J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2923-2934. [PMID: 33851848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the major stresses in aquaculture animals. Recently, we reported that hypoxia disrupts the endocrine system and inhibits testicular function of oriental river prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense), but the molecular mechanism of testes responded to hypoxia remains largely unknown. In the present study, we aimed to integrate whole phosphoproteomic profiles of hypoxia-treated testes of the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). We successfully isolated sperm cells and evaluated the mitochondrial morphology and function using laser confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and biochemical analyses. Quantitative proteomics identified 117 differentially abundant phosphorylated proteins, and these proteins are mainly involved in the pathways related to cellular processes, including autophagy, apoptosis, and the FoxO signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction analysis clustered these phosphoproteins into three groups, many of which have been suggested to impact carbohydrate metabolism, autophagy, and signal regulation in testes. Western blotting confirmed that phosphorylated proteins including AMPK, ULK1, and TP53 (of the AMPK pathway) may contribute to testicular dysfunction caused by hypoxia. Further, we investigated the potential roles of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)'s in testes mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis in M. nipponense as induced by hypoxia. Simultaneous knockdown of AMPKα in sperm cells led to a decrease in FOXO3a phosphorylation at Ser413, upregulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, and an increased apoptosis rate. These results improve our understanding of hypoxia-induced energy metabolism disorders in the testes of M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Cheng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
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Yuan H, Zhang W, Fu Y, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Zhai S, Gong Y, Qiao H, Fu H, Wu Y. MnFtz-f1 Is Required for Molting and Ovulation of the Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:798577. [PMID: 34987481 PMCID: PMC8721877 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.798577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molting and ovulation are the basic processes responsible for the growth and reproduction of Macrobrachium nipponense; however, the molecular mechanisms of molting and ovulation in M. nipponense are poorly understood. The present study aimed to use MnFtz-f1 as the starting point to study the molting and ovulation phenomena in M. nipponense at the molecular level. The full-length MnFtz-f1 cDNA sequence was 2,198 base pairs (bp) in length with an open reading frame of 1,899 bp encoding 632 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that MnFtz-f1 was highly expressed in the ovary at the cleavage stage and on the fifth day after hatching. In vivo administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) showed that 20E effectively inhibited the expression of the MnFtz-f1 gene, and the silencing of the MnFtz-f1 gene reduced the content of 20E in the ovary. In situ hybridization (ISH) analysis revealed the localization of MnFtz-f1 in the ovary. Silencing of MnFtz-f1 by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in significant inhibition of the expression of the vitellogenin (Vg), Spook, and Phantom genes, thus confirming that MnFtz-f1 had a mutual regulatory relationship with Vg, Spook, and Phantom. After RNAi, the molting frequency and ovulation number of M. nipponense decreased significantly, which demonstrated that MnFtz-f1 played a pivotal role in the process of molting and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Yin Fu
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuhua Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Qiao, ; Hongtuo Fu,
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Qiao, ; Hongtuo Fu,
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
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Huang Y, Wu D, Li Y, Chen Q, Zhao Y. Characterization and expression of arginine kinase 2 from Macrobrachium nipponense in response to salinity stress. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103804. [PMID: 32738337 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a fundamental environmental factor in aquaculture, and arginine kinase (AK) plays imperative roles in innate immune feedback and stress resistance in invertebrates. In the current study, we cloned a full-length cDNA of arginine kinase 2 (MnAK2, GenBank number, MN149533) in Macrobrachium nipponense and analyzed its function through a salinity challenge using bioinformatic approaches. MnAK2 was expressed at the highest levels in hepatopancreas and muscle. Changes in the expression levels of MnAK2, enzymes involved in innate immunity, antioxidant enzymes, and antioxidant enzyme-related genes, and the glutathione and malondialdehyde contents were investigated after 6-week salinity treatment. The expression of MnAK2 gradually increased as salinity increased, and western blotting showed that MnAK2 was significantly upregulated in the 14 and 22 ppt salinity-treatment groups relative to the control group. The findings indicate that high salinity produces oxidative stress and that salinity below isotonic salinity might improve the antioxidant response in M. nipponense. MnAK2 may play a crucial role in the response to salinity stress in M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Donglei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Sun S, Chen Y, Hu R. Aquatic hypoxia disturbs oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) testicular development: A cross-generational study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115093. [PMID: 32622004 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that hypoxia disrupts the endocrine system and causes metabolic abnormalities in prawns. Although transgenerational impairment effects of hypoxia have become a hot topic in vertebrate, it is unknown whether hypoxia could exert cross-generational effects on testicular function crustaceans. The present study aimed to investigate hypoxia's toxic effects on the testicular function of oriental river prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) and offspring development. Hypoxia disrupted testicular germ cells quality, caused sex hormone imbalance (testosterone and estradiol), and delayed testicular development. The F1 generation derived from male prawns exposed to hypoxia showed retarded embryonic development, and reduced hatching success and larval development, despite not being exposed to hypoxia. Analysis of the transcriptome the F0 generation (exposed to hypoxia) showed that the impaired testicular functions were associated with changes to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, and steroid biosynthesis. Interestingly, quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that hypoxia could significantly suppress the expression of antioxidant and gonad development-related genes in the testis of the F1 generations, with and without continued hypoxia exposures. In addition, paternal exposure to hypoxia could result in a higher production of reactive oxygen species in offspring testis tissue compared with those without hypoxia exposure. The cross-generational effects of testicular function implied that the sustainability of natural freshwater prawn populations would be threatened by chronic hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yinxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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11
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Cassidy AA, Lamarre SG. Activation of oxygen-responsive pathways is associated with altered protein metabolism in Arctic char exposed to hypoxia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.203901. [PMID: 31704904 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.203901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fish exposed to fluctuating oxygen concentrations often alter their metabolism and/or behaviour to survive. Hypoxia tolerance is typically associated with the ability to reduce energy demand by supressing metabolic processes such as protein synthesis. Arctic char is amongst the most sensitive salmonid to hypoxia, and typically engage in avoidance behaviour when faced with lack of oxygen. We hypothesized that a sensitive species will still have the ability (albeit reduced) to regulate molecular mechanisms during hypoxia. We investigated the tissue-specific response of protein metabolism during hypoxia. Little is known about protein degradation pathways during hypoxia in fish and we predict that protein degradation pathways are differentially regulated and play a role in the hypoxia response. We also studied the regulation of oxygen-responsive cellular signalling pathways [hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), unfolded protein response (UPR) and mTOR pathways] since most of what we know comes from studies on cancerous mammalian cell lines. Arctic char were exposed to cumulative graded hypoxia trials for 3 h at four air saturation levels (100%, 50%, 30% and 15%). The rate of protein synthesis was measured using a flooding dose technique, whereas protein degradation and signalling pathways were assessed by measuring transcripts and phosphorylation of target proteins. Protein synthesis decreased in all tissues measured (liver, muscle, gill, digestive system) except for the heart. Salmonid hearts have preferential access to oxygen through a well-developed coronary artery, therefore the heart is likely to be the last tissue to become hypoxic. Autophagy markers were upregulated in the liver, whereas protein degradation markers were downregulated in the heart during hypoxia. Further work is needed to determine the effects of a decrease in protein degradation on a hypoxic salmonid heart. Our study showed that protein metabolism in Arctic char is altered in a tissue-specific fashion during graded hypoxia, which is in accordance with the responses of the three major hypoxia-sensitive pathways (HIF, UPR and mTOR). The activation pattern of these pathways and the cellular processes that are under their control varies greatly among tissues, sometimes even going in the opposite direction. This study provides new insights on the effects of hypoxia on protein metabolism. Adjustment of these cellular processes is likely to contribute to shifting the fish phenotype into a more hypoxia-tolerant one, if more than one hypoxia event were to occur. Our results warrant studying these adjustments in fish exposed to long-term and diel cycling hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia A Cassidy
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9
| | - Simon G Lamarre
- Département de Biologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9
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Sun S, Wu Y, Fu H, Ge X, You H, Wu X. Identification and Characterization of Four Autophagy-Related Genes That Are Expressed in Response to Hypoxia in the Brain of the Oriental River Prawn ( Macrobrachium nipponense). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081856. [PMID: 30991659 PMCID: PMC6514668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cytoprotective mechanism triggered in response to adverse environmental conditions. Herein, we investigated the autophagy process in the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) following hypoxia. Full-length cDNAs encoding autophagy-related genes (ATGs) ATG3, ATG4B, ATG5, and ATG9A were cloned, and transcription following hypoxia was explored in different tissues and developmental stages. The ATG3, ATG4B, ATG5, and ATG9A cDNAs include open reading frames encoding proteins of 319, 264, 268, and 828 amino acids, respectively. The four M. nipponense proteins clustered separately from vertebrate homologs in phylogenetic analysis. All four mRNAs were expressed in various tissues, with highest levels in brain and hepatopancreas. Hypoxia up-regulated all four mRNAs in a time-dependent manner. Thus, these genes may contribute to autophagy-based responses against hypoxia in M. nipponense. Biochemical analysis revealed that hypoxia stimulated anaerobic metabolism in the brain tissue. Furthermore, in situ hybridization experiments revealed that ATG4B was mainly expressed in the secretory and astrocyte cells of the brain. Silencing of ATG4B down-regulated ATG8 and decreased cell viability in juvenile prawn brains following hypoxia. Thus, autophagy is an adaptive response protecting against hypoxia in M. nipponense and possibly other crustaceans. Recombinant MnATG4B could interact with recombinant MnATG8, but the GST protein could not bind to MnATG8. These findings provide us with a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of autophagy in prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Sun
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Use, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Xianping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Use, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Hongzheng You
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin 300221, China.
| | - Xugan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Use of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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