1
|
Long S, Xie W, Zhao W, Liu D, Wang P, Zhao L. Effects of acid and aluminum stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of seedling growth in Sophora davidii. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2328891. [PMID: 38506438 PMCID: PMC10956626 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2328891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Sophora davidii, a vital forage species, predominantly thrives in the subtropical karst mountains of Southwest China. Its resilience to poor soil conditions and arid environments renders it an ideal pioneer species for ecological restoration in these regions. This study investigates the influence of acidic, aluminum-rich local soil on the germination and seedling growth physiology of S. davidii. Experiments were conducted under varying degrees of acidity and aluminum stress, employing three pH levels (3.5 to 5.5) and four aluminum concentrations (0.5 to 2.0 mmol·L-1). The results showed that germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of S. davidii seeds were decreased but not significantly under slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5-5.5), while strong acid (pH = 3.5) significantly inhibited the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of white spurge seeds compared with the control group. Aluminum stress (≥0.5 mmol·L-1) significantly inhibited the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of S. davidii seed. Moreover, the seedlings' root systems were sensitive to the changes of aluminum concentration, evident from significant root growth inhibition, characterized by root shortening and color deepening. Notably, under aluminum stress (pH = 4.3), the levels of malondialdehyde and proline in S. davidii escalated with increasing aluminum concentration, while antioxidant enzyme activities demonstrated an initial increase followed by a decline. The study underscores the pivotal role of cellular osmoregulatory substances and protective enzymes in combating aluminum toxicity in S. davidii, a key factor exacerbating growth inhibition in acidic environments. These findings offer preliminary theoretical insights for the practical agricultural utilization of S. davidii in challenging soil conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Long
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenhui Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenwu Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Danyang Liu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Puchang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jia X, Lin S, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Jia M, Li M, Chen Y, Cheng P, Hong L, Zhang Y, Ye J, Wang H. Recruitment and Aggregation Capacity of Tea Trees to Rhizosphere Soil Characteristic Bacteria Affects the Quality of Tea Leaves. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1686. [PMID: 38931118 PMCID: PMC11207862 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
There are obvious differences in quality between different varieties of the same plant, and it is not clear whether they can be effectively distinguished from each other from a bacterial point of view. In this study, 44 tea tree varieties (Camellia sinensis) were used to analyze the rhizosphere soil bacterial community using high-throughput sequencing technology, and five types of machine deep learning were used for modeling to obtain characteristic microorganisms that can effectively differentiate different varieties, and validation was performed. The relationship between characteristic microorganisms, soil nutrient transformation, and tea quality formation was further analyzed. It was found that 44 tea tree varieties were classified into two groups (group A and group B) and the characteristic bacteria that distinguished them came from 23 genera. Secondly, the content of rhizosphere soil available nutrients (available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium) and tea quality indexes (tea polyphenols, theanine, and caffeine) was significantly higher in group A than in group B. The classification result based on both was consistent with the above bacteria. This study provides a new insight and research methodology into the main reasons for the formation of quality differences among different varieties of the same plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jia
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shaoxiong Lin
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Miao Jia
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Mingzhe Li
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Pengyuan Cheng
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| | - Lei Hong
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianghua Ye
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China; (X.J.); (J.Y.)
- College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng S, Liu C, Zhou Z, Xu L, Lai Z. Physiological and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Protective Effect of Exogenous Trehalose in Response to Heat Stress in Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1339. [PMID: 38794411 PMCID: PMC11125205 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that application of exogenous trehalose can enhance the heat resistance of plants. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which exogenous trehalose induces heat resistance in C. sinensis, a combination of physiological and transcriptome analyses was conducted. The findings revealed a significant increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) upon treatment with 5.0 mM trehalose at different time points. Moreover, the contents of proline (PRO), endogenous trehalose, and soluble sugar exhibited a significant increase, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased following treatment with 5.0 mM trehalose under 24 h high-temperature stress (38 °C/29 °C, 12 h/12 h). RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in the MAPK pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and the galactose metabolism pathway. The capability to scavenge free radicals was enhanced, and the expression of a heat shock factor gene (HSFB2B) and two heat shock protein genes (HSP18.1 and HSP26.5) were upregulated in the tea plant. Consequently, it was concluded that exogenous trehalose contributes to alleviating heat stress in C. sinensis. Furthermore, it regulates the expression of genes involved in diverse pathways crucial for C. sinensis under heat-stress conditions. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the alleviation of heat stress in C. sinensis with trehalose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong Zheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Chufei Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Liyi Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhong J, Liu Y, Chen X, Ye Z, Li Y, Li W. The impact of acid rain on cadmium phytoremediation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122778. [PMID: 37863250 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Sunflower is an ideal crop for phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated farmland, as it brings economic benefits while conducting soil remediation. Due to industrial emissions and car exhaust, Cd contaminated areas are often accompanied by acid rain. However, the impact of acid rain on the Cd remediation capacity of sunflowers and its potential influencing factors are unclear. An experiment was manipulated to elucidate the effects of Cd concentration (0,10,50,100 μmol/L) and acid rain (pH 4.0) on the phytoremediation ability of sunflowers, in which the properties of them were explored. The results indicated that Cd stress is the main factor affecting the growth of sunflowers. Without AR, Cd treatment decreased sunflower biomass by 67.5-85.6%. Under AR, Cd treatment decreased sunflower biomass 53.9-86.4%. Compared without AR, the relative chlorophyll content with AR increased by 22.3-23.1%, while the YII with AR decreased by 6.5-20.0%. There was an interaction between acid rain and Cd stress on antioxidant enzyme activity. With AR, CAT activity at 0 μmol/L Cd treatment increased by 25.6%, compared without AR. Whether there is acid rain or not, the POD and SOD activities were increased at 10, 50 μmol/L Cd treatment, but they were decreased at 100 μmol/L Cd treatment. Among them, acid rain exacerbated the impact of POD activity (decreased by 31.4%) at 100 μmol/L Cd treatment and SOD activity (decreased by 15.1%) at 50 μmol/L Cd treatment, compared without AR. In this experiment, the phytoremediation capacity of sunflowers mainly depended on the concentration of Ca in the leaves and their antioxidant capacity. Acid rain enhanced 77.5% the total Cd accumulation at 10 μmol/L Cd treatment, compared without AR. Acid rain exacerbated the damage of Cd to the chloroplast structure of sunflowers, and reduced the accumulation of starch particles. The study findings may be useful for improving the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yeqing Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinheng Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zihao Ye
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (South China), MOA, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Land Use and Consolidation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (South China), MOA, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Land Use and Consolidation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Chen Y, Chen J, Shen C. Flavonoid metabolites in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) stress response: Insights from bibliometric analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107934. [PMID: 37572493 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, tea plants are at risk from elevating environmental stress factors. Coping with this problem relies upon the understanding of tea plant stress response and its underlying mechanisms. Over the past two decades, research in this field has prospered with the contributions of scientists worldwide. Aiming in providing a comprehensive perspective of the research field related to tea plant stress response, we present a bibliometric analysis of the this area. Our results demonstrate the most studied stresses, global contribution, authorship and collaboration, and trending research topics. We highlight the importance of flavonoid metabolites in tea plant stress response, particularly their role in maintaining redox homeostasis, yield, and adjusting tea quality under stress conditions. Further research on the flavonoid response under various stress conditions can promote the development of cultivation measures, thereby improving stress resistance and tea quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YunFei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - YiQin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - JiaHao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - ChengWen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li H, Song K, Zhang X, Wang D, Dong S, Liu Y, Yang L. Application of Multi-Perspectives in Tea Breeding and the Main Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12643. [PMID: 37628823 PMCID: PMC10454712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea plants are an economically important crop and conducting research on tea breeding contributes to enhancing the yield and quality of tea leaves as well as breeding traits that satisfy the requirements of the public. This study reviews the current status of tea plants germplasm resources and their utilization, which has provided genetic material for the application of multi-omics, including genomics and transcriptomics in breeding. Various molecular markers for breeding were designed based on multi-omics, and available approaches in the direction of high yield, quality and resistance in tea plants breeding are proposed. Additionally, future breeding of tea plants based on single-cellomics, pangenomics, plant-microbe interactions and epigenetics are proposed and provided as references. This study aims to provide inspiration and guidance for advancing the development of genetic breeding in tea plants, as well as providing implications for breeding research in other crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection and Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aloo BN, Dessureault-Rompré J, Tripathi V, Nyongesa BO, Were BA. Signaling and crosstalk of rhizobacterial and plant hormones that mediate abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1171104. [PMID: 37455718 PMCID: PMC10347528 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1171104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural areas exhibiting numerous abiotic stressors, such as elevated water stress, temperatures, and salinity, have grown as a result of climate change. As such, abiotic stresses are some of the most pressing issues in contemporary agricultural production. Understanding plant responses to abiotic stressors is important for global food security, climate change adaptation, and improving crop resilience for sustainable agriculture, Over the decades, explorations have been made concerning plant tolerance to these environmental stresses. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their phytohormones are some of the players involved in developing resistance to abiotic stress in plants. Several studies have investigated the part of phytohormones in the ability of plants to withstand and adapt to non-living environmental factors, but very few have focused on rhizobacterial hormonal signaling and crosstalk that mediate abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the functions of PGPR phytohormones in plant abiotic stress tolerance and outline the current research on rhizobacterial hormonal communication and crosstalk that govern plant abiotic stress responses. The review also includes the gene networks and regulation under diverse abiotic stressors. The review is important for understanding plant responses to abiotic stresses using PGPR phytohormones and hormonal signaling. It is envisaged that PGPR offer a useful approach to increasing plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses. However, further studies can reveal the unclear patterns of hormonal interactions between plants and rhizobacteria that mediate abiotic stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. N. Aloo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - V. Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - B. O. Nyongesa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - B. A. Were
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Li J, Tan J, Li W, Singh BP, Yang X, Bolan N, Chen X, Xu S, Bao Y, Lv D, Peng A, Zhou Y, Wang H. An overview of the direct and indirect effects of acid rain on plants: Relationships among acid rain, soil, microorganisms, and plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162388. [PMID: 36842576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain (AR) causes numerous environmental problems and complex negative effects on plants globally. Many studies have previously reported on direct effects of AR or its depositional substances on plant injury and performance. However, few studies have addressed the indirect effects of AR on plants as mediated by soil microorganisms and the abiotic environment of the soil rhizosphere. The indirect effects (e.g., AR → soil microorganisms→plants) need greater attention, because acidic deposition not only affects the distribution, composition, abundance, function, and activity of plant-associated microorganisms, but also influences the dynamics of some substances in the soil in a way that may be harmful to plants. Therefore, this review not only focused on the direct effects of AR on plant performance, growth, and biomass allocations from a whole-plant perspective, but also addressed the pathway of AR-soil chemical characteristics-plants, which explains how soil solute leaching and acidification by AR will reduce the availability of essential nutrients and increase the availability of heavy metals for plants, affecting carbon and nitrogen cycles. Mainly, we evaluated the AR-soil microorganisms-plants pathway by: 1) synthesizing the potential roles of soil microbes in alleviating soil acidic stress on plants and the adverse effects of AR on plant-associated soil microorganisms; 2) exploring how plant mycorrhizal types affect the detection of AR effect on plants. The meta-analysis showed that the effects of AR-induced pH on leaf chlorophyll content, plant height, and plant root biomass were dependent on plant mycorrhizal types. Some possible reasons for different synergy between mycorrhizal symbiotic types and plants were discussed. Future research relating to the effects of AR on plants should focus on the combined direct and indirect effects to evaluate how AR affects plant performance comprehensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Junyan Tan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bhupinder Pal Singh
- University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Xunan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Song Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yanping Bao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Daofei Lv
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Anan Peng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yanbo Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cui H, Cheng J, Shen L, Zheng X, Zhou J, Zhou J. Activation of endogenous cadmium from biochar under simulated acid rain enhances the accumulation risk of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114820. [PMID: 36958261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been widely applied to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils, but the environmental risk of the endogenous pollutants in biochar remains unclear. Two biochars with different endogenous cadmium (Cd) concentrations were prepared from background soil (BCB) and contaminated soil (BCC), respectively. We studied the effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on the activation mechanism of endogenous Cd in biochar and Cd uptake of Cd by lettuce from the biochar-amended soils. SAR aging significantly increased Cd bioavailability by 27.5 % and 53.9 % in BCB and BCC, respectively. The activation of Cd from biochar may be due to the decrease of biochar pH and persistent free radicals (PFRs) and the increase of specific surface area (SSA) and O-contained functional groups in biochars. Two biochars at dosages of 2 % and 5 % rates did not change soil pore water Cd, but BCB and BCC at 10 % increased pore water Cd by 17.3 % and 219 %, respectively after SAR aging. SAR aging significantly increased the bioavailability of Cd in BCB and BCC treated soils than those before SAR aging. BCB application enhanced the biomass of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and decreased the uptake of Cd. However, BCC addition at 10 % decreased the biomass of lettuce and increased the accumulation of Cd. In summary, endogenous Cd in biochar from contaminated soils has a potential environmental risk to plants and human health and the negative effects of endogenous pollutants from the biochars should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Cui
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jieyu Cheng
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - LuLu Shen
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ullah I, Adnan M, Begum S, Nazir R, Javed T, Aziz MA. Effects of ecological factors on phytochemical and nutritional composition of Caralluma tuberculata N. E. Brown. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
11
|
He M, Hua Z, Chen H, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang Z. Effects of simulated acid rain on rhizosphere microorganisms of invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides and native Alternanthera sessilis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:993147. [PMID: 36160265 PMCID: PMC9500542 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.993147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid rain not only has serious harm to the environment, but also has the same threat to plants, but the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides still grows well compared to the native plant Alternanthera sessilis under acid rain stress. However, the underlying mechanism of resistance to the acid rain environment in invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides remains unclear. In the current study, we comparatively analyzed the plant physiological characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, and rhizosphere microbial communities of invasive A. philoxeroides and native A. sessilis under different pH condition. The simulated acid rain had a significant inhibitory effect on the morphological and physiological traits of A. philoxeroides and A. sessilis and reduced the soil nutrient content. However, A. philoxeroides was more tolerant of acid rain. Compared with CK, simulated acid rain treatment at pH 2.5 significantly increased the Chao1, ACE, and Shannon indexes of A. philoxeroides microorganisms. Under simulated acid rain treatment at pH 2.5, the fungal flora Chao1, ACE and Shannon index were significantly higher than those of CK by 14.5%, 12.4%, and 30.4%, respectively. The dominant bacterial phyla of soil bacteria were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Myxococcota, Chloroflexi, Patescibacteria, Gemmatimonadota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Armatimonadota. The dominant fungi were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Rozellomycota, and Olpidiomycota. The bacterial and fungal diversity and structure of A. philoxeroides and A. sessilis showed the greatest difference between the pH 2.5 treatment and CK. Redundancy analysis showed that electrical conductivity (EC) and total phosphorus (TP) were the main factors changing the bacterial communities, and available phosphorus (AP), organic matter (OM), EC, and pH were the main factors changing the fungal communities. This study contributes to the microbial community structure of the invasive plant A. philoxeroides and provides a theoretical basis for studying the invasion mechanism of invasive plants under acid rain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying He
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zexun Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanying Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Soil Enzyme Activity and Related Chemical Indexes in Woodlands. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of different concentrations of acid rain on soil nutrient content and nutrient utilization efficiency, and to provide a basis for an improvement in acidified soil in acid rain regions, a year-long acid rain experiment was conducted in a typical evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Jinyun Mountain of Chongqing. Four pH treatments (pH 4.5, 4.0, 3.25, and 2.5) were established to simulate acid rain. The results showed that: (1) Acid rain promoted the accumulation of soil nutrients, and the contents of organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and hydrolyzed nitrogen (HN) significantly increased during the experiment (p < 0.05). (2) Soil SOC content was significantly positively correlated with acid rain concentration (p < 0.01), HN content was negatively correlated with acid rain concentration, and TN and total phosphorus (TP) contents were not significantly correlated with acid rain concentration. (3) The activities of soil sucrase, urease, and acid phosphatase were negatively correlated with acid rain concentration (p < 0.01) and the activity of soil cellulase was positively correlated with acid rain concentration (p < 0.01). (4) The enzyme activity changed differently, depending on the concentration of acid rain during the study period. (5) According to RDA analysis, soil total nitrogen content and hydrolyzed nitrogen content had significant effects on enzyme activity (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Acid rain did not significantly alter the overall soil nutrient content but reduced the available nutrient content and seriously inhibited enzyme activity—most notably, the soil enzymes involved in nutrient utilization efficiency.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao C, Jiao H, Chen J, Zhang C, Liu J, Chen J, Li Y, Huang J, Yang B, Liu Z, Shen C. Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Are Jointly Regulated During Shading in Roots and Leaves of Camellia Sinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:894840. [PMID: 35498711 PMCID: PMC9051521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.894840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that plant shading can promote the quality of green tea. However, the association of shading with metabolic regulation in tea leaves and roots remains unelucidated. Here, the metabolic profiling of two tea cultivars ("Xiangfeicui" and "Jinxuan") in response to shading and relighting periods during the summer season was performed using non-targeted metabolomics methods. The metabolic pathway analyses revealed that long-term shading remarkably inhibit the sugar metabolism such as glycolysis, galactose metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway in the leaves and roots of "Xiangfeicui," and "Jinxuan" were more sensitive to light recovery changes. The lipid metabolism in the leaves and roots of "Xiangfeicui" was promoted by short-term shading, while it was inhibited by long-term shading. In addition, the intensity of the flavonoid metabolites in the leaves and roots of "Jinxuan" were upregulated with a trend of rising first and then decreasing under shading, and five flavonoid synthesis genes showed the same trend (F3H, F3'5'H, DFR, ANS, and ANR). Simultaneously, the amino acids of the nitrogen metabolism in the leaves and roots of the two cultivars were significantly promoted by long-term shading, while the purine and caffeine metabolism was inhibited in the leaves of "Xiangfeicui." Interestingly, CsGS1.1 and CsTSI, amino acid synthase genes was upregulated in the leaves and roots of two cultivars. These results indicated that shading could participate in carbon and nitrogen metabolic regulation of both leaf and root, and root metabolism could have a positive association with leaf metabolism to promote the shaded tea quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haizhen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Tea Research Institution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianjiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengwen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hu WJ, Liu TW, Zhu CQ, Wu Q, Chen L, Lu HL, Jiang CK, Wei J, Shen GX, Zheng HL. Physiological, Proteomic Analysis, and Calcium-Related Gene Expression Reveal Taxus wallichiana var. mairei Adaptability to Acid Rain Stress Under Various Calcium Levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:845107. [PMID: 35386672 PMCID: PMC8978443 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.845107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As one of the serious environmental problems worldwide, acid rain (AR) has always caused continuous damage to the forestry ecosystem. Studies have shown that AR can leach calcium ions from plants and soil. Calcium (Ca) is also a crucial regulator of the plant stress response, whereas there are few reports on how Ca regulates the response of AR-resistant woody plants to AR stress. In this study, by setting different exogenous Ca levels, we study the physiological and molecular mechanism of Ca in regulating the Taxus wallichiana var. mairei response to AR stress. Our results showed that low Ca level leads to photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense system decreases in T. wallichiana var. mairei leaves; however, these negative effects could be reversed at high Ca level. In addition, proteomic analyses identified 44 differentially expressed proteins in different Ca level treatments of T. wallichiana var. mairei under AR stress. These proteins were classified into seven groups, which include metabolic process, photosynthesis and energy pathway, cell rescue and defense, transcription and translation, protein modification and degradation, signal transduction, etc. Furthermore, the study found that low Ca level leads to an obvious increase of Ca-related gene expression under AR stress in T. wallichiana var. mairei using qRT-PCR analyses and however can be reversed at high Ca level. These findings would enrich and extend the Ca signaling pathways of AR stress in AR-resistant woody plants and are expected to have important theoretical and practical significance in revealing the mechanism of woody plants tolerating AR stress and protecting forestry ecosystem in soil environment under different Ca levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Wu Liu
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
| | - Chun-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of Ministry of Education (MOE), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ling Lu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Kai Jiang
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Xin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of Ministry of Education (MOE), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shi Z, Zhang J, Xiao Z, Lu T, Ren X, Wei H. Effects of acid rain on plant growth: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113213. [PMID: 34329914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic driven acid gases emission has caused acid rain in many regions globally. Although efforts have been made to assess the effects of acid rain on terrestrial ecosystems, a systematic assessment of growth-related traits across plant aboveground and belowground is lacking. Hence, we performed a phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis of 755 observations from 69 independent studies to quantify the effects of acid rain on six growth-related traits of plant. We estimated the inhibitory effects of acid rain on plant growth in general and found that aboveground and belowground plant parts responded differently. The acidity of acid rain and acid rain interval had direct modulation effects on plant growth. We also found that there were interactions between acid rain pH and other acid rain characteristics (i.e., acid rain interval, mole ratio of S:N, and acid rain rate) and experimental characteristics (i.e., initial soil pH and plant exposure part), indicating that there were pH-dependent interaction patterns. Thus, an effective approach to evaluate and predict the effects of acid rain on plant growth is to fully consider the direct effects of acid rain pH and the interactions between acid rain pH and other factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoji Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zeheng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tiantian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bai Y, Zhou Y, Gong J. Physiological mechanisms of the tolerance response to manganese stress exhibited by Pinus massoniana, a candidate plant for the phytoremediation of Mn-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45422-45433. [PMID: 33866507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution in soil, especially around mining areas, is a serious environmental problem worldwide. Generally, plant remediation technology needs to select species with high Mn tolerance, and exploring the Mn tolerance mechanism of tree species with high ecological and economic benefits is of considerable significance for the effective identification and efficient utilization of Mn phytoremediation species. Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) is one of the main afforestation tree species, exhibiting high ecological and economic value in subtropical areas and also a plant with high Mn accumulation. To reveal the mechanisms governing the tolerance of this species for Mn stress, the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of seedlings grown in sand cultures under different Mn stress (0.0009~30 mmol·L-1) were analyzed. The results showed that despite the chlorosis of leaves under high Mn stress (30 mmol·L-1), the height of plant seedling, the diameter of ground and the root morphology was not significantly inhibited (p < 0.05), and a high level of Mn accumulated (translocation factor = 1.10). With increasing Mn concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, and soluble sugar increased, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased at first and later decreased. Under Mn stress, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and carotenoids increased first and subsequently decreased, and intercellular CO2 concentration and chlorophyll b decreased, but chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics did not change significantly. Taken together, these results indicate that Masson pine can tolerate Mn stress by increasing its antioxidant enzyme activity and non-enzyme metabolite content. In addition, Masson pine can maintain photosynthesis by changing its gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence, which is another important mechanism for coping with high Mn concentrations in the environment. In conclusion, the above results show that Masson pine can be effectively used for phytoremediation of Mn-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Bai
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yunchao Zhou
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Jiefang Gong
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province/Plateau Mountain Forest Cultivation Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province/College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Management Committee of Guizhou Guiyang National Agricultural Science and Technology Zone, Guiyang, 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Z, Wei H, Zhang J, Saleem M, He Y, Zhong J, Ma R. Seasonality regulates the effects of acid rain on microbial community in a subtropical agricultural soil of Southern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112681. [PMID: 34450422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain alters soil carbon (C) cycling by influencing the soil microbial community structure and functions. However, the response of soil microbial communities to acid rain with time and underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Herein, we conducted a one-year intact soil core experiment to investigate the temporal changes of soil microbial community composition and C sources metabolism under acid rain (pH 5.0, pH 4.0, and pH 3.0) in an agricultural soil of southern China. We found that pH 3.0 acid rain increased the total, bacterial, gram-positive bacterial, and actinomycetal PLFAs at the early stage, but this effect diminished with time. Conversely, the gram-negative bacterial PLFAs contents were reduced under pH 3.0 acid rain at the later stage. Interestingly, pH 5.0 acid rain increased the total, bacterial, gram-positive bacterial, and actinomycetal PLFAs contents at the later stage. In addition, pH 3.0 and pH 5.0 acid rain treatments accordingly altered the soil microbial community structure at the early and later stage. However, acid rain did not change the microbial C sources utilization pattern. The principal response curve analysis revealed that the seasonal variation exerted a greater effect on the overall variance of soil microbial community structure than the acidity of acid rain. Our results demonstrate the asynchronous response of soil microbial community structure and function, which implies that the microbial functional redundancy may exist in the subtropical agricultural soil under acid rain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Yanan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiawen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Physiological and Molecular Responses to Acid Rain Stress in Plants and the Impact of Melatonin, Glutathione and Silicon in the Amendment of Plant Acid Rain Stress. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040862. [PMID: 33562098 PMCID: PMC7915782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has been a long-term problem, especially in urban areas, that eventually accelerates the formation of acid rain (AR), but recently it has emerged as a serious environmental issue worldwide owing to industrial and economic growth, and it is also considered a major abiotic stress to agriculture. Evidence showed that AR exerts harmful effects in plants, especially on growth, photosynthetic activities, antioxidant activities and molecular changes. Effectiveness of several bio-regulators has been tested so far to arbitrate various physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in plants under different diverse sorts of environmental stresses. In the current review, we showed that silicon (tetravalent metalloid and semi-conductor), glutathione (free thiol tripeptide) and melatonin (an indoleamine low molecular weight molecule) act as influential growth regulators, bio-stimulators and antioxidants, which improve plant growth potential, photosynthesis spontaneity, redox-balance and the antioxidant defense system through quenching of reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly and/or indirectly under AR stress conditions. However, earlier research findings, together with current progresses, would facilitate the future research advancements as well as the adoption of new approaches in attenuating the consequence of AR stress on crops, and might have prospective repercussions in escalating crop farming where AR is a restraining factor.
Collapse
|
19
|
Li X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Pei C. Response of soil chemical properties and enzyme activity of four species in the Three Gorges Reservoir area to simulated acid rain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111457. [PMID: 33120255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition in the precipitation is constantly changing, thus acid rain type is gradually changing from sulfuric type to mixed type and then nitric type. The influence of the changing acid rain type on the rhizosphere soil of tree species remains unclear. A pot experiment was performed with two-year-old Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolate, Cyclobalanpsis glauca and Phyllostachys edulis seedlings with similar growth condition. Simulated acid rain consists of sulfuric(S/N = 5), mixed(S/N = 1) and nitric(S/N = 0.2) acid rain, and each type acid rain diluted to three acid rain intensity: pH = 2.5, 3.5, 4.5. Soil pH, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, the exchangeable Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and enzyme activity were inhibited by acid rain intensity, while exchangeable Al3+ and H+ were promoted. Mg2+ was most relevant index to the tolerance to acid rain and the correlation degree of soil chemical index was higher than that of enzyme activity. Response of soil chemical properties differed in tree species under different acid rain types. Soil enzyme activity of Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolate, and Phyllostachys edulis reached lowest under nitric acid rain, and that of Cyclobalanpsis glauca reached highest. Rhizosphere soil of Cunninghamia lanceolate is tolerant to sulfuric and nitric acid rain, and that of Cyclobalanpsis glauca is tolerant to mixed acid rain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Li
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Three-gorges reservoir area (Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Chongqing 400000, PR China.
| | - Yunqi Wang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Three-gorges reservoir area (Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Chongqing 400000, PR China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Three-gorges reservoir area (Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Chongqing 400000, PR China.
| | - Chengmin Pei
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Three-gorges reservoir area (Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Chongqing 400000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Physiological Responses of Earthworm Under Acid Rain Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197246. [PMID: 33023052 PMCID: PMC7579360 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acid rain has become one of the major global environmental problems, and some researches reported that acid rain may have a certain inhibition on soil biodiversity. Besides this, it is well known that earthworm (Eisenia fetida) plays an important role in the functioning of soil ecosystems. For this point, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate whether acid rain would take effects on earthworms. In the present study, the earthworms were incubated on filter paper and in soil under acid rain stress. The mortality and behavior of earthworms were recorded, and epidermal damage and the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme were measured for the tested earthworms. Our experimental results showed that the earthworms could not survive in the acid rain stress of pH below 2.5, and acid rain with weak acidity (i.e., 4.0 ≤ pH ≤ 5.5) promoted the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme in the earthworms, while acid rain with strong acidity (i.e., 3.0 ≤ pH ≤ 3.5) inhibited it. Moreover, the degree of damage in sensitive parts of the earthworms increased with the decrease of pH value. This study suggests that acid rain can cause discomfort response and the direct epidermal damage of earthworms, and even kill them.
Collapse
|
21
|
Rodríguez-Sánchez VM, Rosas U, Calva-Vásquez G, Sandoval-Zapotitla E. Does Acid Rain Alter the Leaf Anatomy and Photosynthetic Pigments in Urban Trees? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E862. [PMID: 32650420 PMCID: PMC7411892 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Megapolis such as Mexico City, have atmospheric pollutants that interact with the humidity and solar radiation. The topography of this city promotes air stagnation, generating atmospheric pollutants and episodes of acid rain, a phenomenon well recorded since the end of the 1980s. However, little we know about how urban trees respond to acid rain in the city. Here we present how simulated acid rain causes anatomical and changes in photosynthetic pigments in two of the most abundant urban trees in Mexico City: Liquidambar styraciflua L. and Fraxinus uhdei (Wenz.) Lingelsh. We first described the leaf anatomy of both species. Then, we used one-year-old trees sprayed with sulfuric acid solutions at pH 2.5 and 3.8, and evaluated visible leaf damage, anatomical alterations, and chlorophyll contents. In both species, the pH 2.5 caused cuticle alterations and areas of total tissue destruction. L. styraciflua showed greater sensitivity, but we discuss some of the tolerance mechanisms. Finally, acid rain also reduced the chlorophyll contents. These results contribute toward a catalogue of urban tree species to describe pollution-induced damages, and the identification of tolerant species useful for short- and mid-term detection of environmental crisis, in cities with similar environmental conditions and urban tree composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica M. Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (V.M.R.-S.); (U.R.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ulises Rosas
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (V.M.R.-S.); (U.R.)
| | - Germán Calva-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Contaminación Atmosférica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico;
| | - Estela Sandoval-Zapotitla
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (V.M.R.-S.); (U.R.)
| |
Collapse
|