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Vitelli V, Giamborino A, Bertolini A, Saba A, Andreucci A. Cadmium Stress Signaling Pathways in Plants: Molecular Responses and Mechanisms. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6052-6068. [PMID: 38921032 PMCID: PMC11202648 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution, specifically cadmium (Cd) contamination, is a worldwide concern for its consequences for plant health and ecosystem stability. This review sheds light on the intricate mechanisms underlying Cd toxicity in plants and the various strategies employed by these organisms to mitigate its adverse effects. From molecular responses to physiological adaptations, plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to counteract Cd stress. We highlighted the role of phytochelatins (PCn) in plant detoxification, which chelate and sequester Cd ions to prevent their accumulation and minimize toxicity. Additionally, we explored the involvement of glutathione (GSH) in mitigating oxidative damage caused by Cd exposure and discussed the regulatory mechanisms governing GSH biosynthesis. We highlighted the role of transporter proteins, such as ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs) and heavy metal ATPases (HMAs), in mediating the uptake, sequestration, and detoxification of Cd in plants. Overall, this work offered valuable insights into the physiological, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms underlying plant responses to Cd stress, providing a basis for strategies to alleviate the unfavorable effects of HM pollution on plant health and ecosystem resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vitelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Area, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.G.); (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnese Giamborino
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Area, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.G.); (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Bertolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Area, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.G.); (A.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Saba
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Area, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.G.); (A.B.); (A.S.)
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2
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Teng Y, Yang Y, Wang Z, Guan W, Liu Y, Yu H, Zou L. The cadmium tolerance enhancement through regulating glutathione conferred by vacuolar compartmentalization in Aspergillus sydowii. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141500. [PMID: 38373444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus was found to be a vital hyperaccumulation species for heavy metal removal with admirable tolerance capacity. But the potential tolerance mechanism has not been completely studied. This study quantified the amounts of total cadmium (Cd), Cd2+, glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the protoplasts and vacuoles of mycelium. We modulated GSH synthesis using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTC) to investigate the subcellular regulatory mechanisms of GSH in the accumulation of Cd. The results confirmed that GSH plays a crucial role in vacuolar compartmentalization under Cd stress. GSH and GSSG as a redox buffer to keep the cellular redox state in balance and GSH as a metal chelating agent to reduce toxicity. When regulating the decreased GSH content with BSO, and increased GSH content with OTC, the system of Cd-GSH-ROS can change accordingly, this also supported that vacuolar compartmentalization is a detoxification strategy that can modulate the transport and storage of substances inside and outside the vacuole reasonably. Interestingly, GSH tended to be distributed in the cytoplasm, the battleground of redox takes place in the cytoplasm but not in the vacuole. These finding potentially has implications for the understanding of tolerance behavior and detoxification mechanisms of cells. In the future bioremediation of Cd in soil, the efficiency of soil remediation can be improved by developing organisms with high GSH production capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Teng
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenjie Guan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Luyi Zou
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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3
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Chen X, Wu X, Han C, Jia Y, Wan X, Liu Q, He F, Zhang F. A WRKY transcription factor, PyWRKY71, increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and promoted the accumulation of cadmium in poplar. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 205:108163. [PMID: 37979573 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses significant threats to the ecological environment and human health. Currently, phytoremediation is recognized as an environmentally friendly approach for mitigating Cd pollution, with increasing attention on the utilization of transgenic plants in Cd-contaminated soil remediation. In this study, we isolated and cloned PyWRKY71 from Populus yunnanensis and conducted a pot experiment to validate its enhanced functionality in conferring Cd tolerance to woody plants (poplar). During the experiment, the increase in plant height of the OE-87 line (overexpression poplar) was 1.46 times than that of the wild type (WT). Moreover, PyWRKY71 significantly promoted the accumulation of Cd in poplar, especially in the roots, where the Cd content in the OE-45 and OE-87 lines was 1.42 times than that in the WT. The chlorophyll content of transgenic poplar leaves was higher than that of the WT, reflecting a protective mechanism of PyWRKY71. Additionally, the activities of other antioxidants, including POD, SOD, CAT, and MDA, were elevated in transgenic poplars, bolstering their tolerance to Cd stress. In summary, PyWRKY71 exhibits substantial potential in regulating plant tolerance to Cd stress. This study not only provides a solid scientific foundation but also introduces a novel modified poplar variety for the remediation of Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaolu Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China; China Construction Eighth Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd. Southwest Branch, China
| | - Chengyu Han
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yuhang Jia
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Wan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qinglin Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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4
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Liu Z, An J, Lu Q, Yang C, Mu Y, Wei J, Hou Y, Meng X, Zhao Z, Lin M. Effects of Cadmium Stress on Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Characteristics in A Landscaping Hyperaccumulator- Lonicera japonica Thunb. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2689. [PMID: 37514303 PMCID: PMC10385468 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The carbon sequestration and oxygen release of landscape plants are dominant ecological service functions, which can play an important role in reducing greenhouse gases, improving the urban heat island effect and achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. In the present study, we are choosing Lonicera japonica Thunb. as a model plant to show the effects of Cd stress on growth, photosynthesis, carbon sequestration and oxygen release characteristics. Under 5 mg kg-1 of Cd treatment, the dry weight of roots and shoots biomass and the net photosynthetic rate (PN) in L. japonica had a significant increase, and with the increase in Cd treatment concentration, the dry weight of roots and shoots biomass and PN in the plant began to decrease. When the Cd treatment concentration was up to 125 mg kg-1, the dry weight of root and shoots biomass and PN in the plant decreased by 5.29%, 1.94% and 2.06%, and they had no significant decrease compared with the control, indicating that the plant still had a good ability for growth and photoenergy utilization even under high concentrations of Cd stress. The carbon sequestration and oxygen release functions in terms of diurnal assimilation amounts (P), carbon sequestration per unit leaf area (WCO2), oxygen release per unit leaf area (WO2), carbon sequestration per unit land area (PCO2) and oxygen release per unit land area (PO2) in L. japonica had a similar change trend with the photosynthesis responses under different concentrations of Cd treatments, which indicated that L. japonica as a landscaping Cd-hyperaccumulator, has a good ability for carbon sequestration and oxygen release even under high concentrations of Cd stress. The present study will provide a useful guideline for effectively developing the ecological service functions of landscaping hyperaccumulators under urban Cd-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouli Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Jing An
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qingxuan Lu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Chuanjia Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yitao Mu
- College of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Urban Construction University, Shenyang 110167, China
| | - Jianbing Wei
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Yongxia Hou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
- Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Maosen Lin
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
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5
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Song LY, Liu X, Zhang LD, Hu WJ, Xu CQ, Li J, Song SW, Guo ZJ, Sun CY, Tang HC, Wang JC, Zhu XY, Zheng HL. Proteomic analysis reveals differential responsive mechanisms in Solanum nigrum exposed to low and high dose of cadmium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130880. [PMID: 36736216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is becoming a widespread environmental problem. However, the differential responsive mechanisms of Cd hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum to low or high dose of Cd are not well documented. In this study, phenotypic and physiological analysis firstly suggested that the seedlings of S. nigrum showed slight leaf chlorosis symptoms under 25 μM Cd and severe inhibition on growth and photosynthesis under 100 μM Cd. Further proteomic analysis identified 105 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the Cd-treated leaves. Under low dose of Cd stress, 47 DEPs are mainly involved in primary metabolic processes, while under high dose of Cd stress, 92 DEPs are mainly involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, production of phytochelatin and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of DEPs support above differential responses in the leaves of S. nigrum to low and high dose of Cd treatments. This work provides the differential responsive mechanisms in S. nigrum to low and high dose of Cd, and the theoretical foundation for the application of hyperaccumulating plants in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, PR China
| | - Lu-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Hu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China
| | - Chao-Qun Xu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Shi-Wei Song
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ze-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Chen-Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Han-Chen Tang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ji-Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Xue-Yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
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6
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Cuypers A, Vanbuel I, Iven V, Kunnen K, Vandionant S, Huybrechts M, Hendrix S. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress responses and acclimation in plants require fine-tuning of redox biology at subcellular level. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:81-96. [PMID: 36775109 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic compounds released into our environment and is harmful to human health, urging the need to remediate Cd-polluted soils. To this end, it is important to increase our insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd stress responses in plants, ultimately leading to acclimation, and to develop novel strategies for economic validation of these soils. Albeit its non-redox-active nature, Cd causes a cellular oxidative challenge, which is a crucial determinant in the onset of diverse signalling cascades required for long-term acclimation and survival of Cd-exposed plants. Although it is well known that Cd affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging, the contribution of individual organelles to Cd-induced oxidative stress responses is less well studied. Here, we provide an overview of the current information on Cd-induced organellar responses with special attention to redox biology. We propose that an integration of organellar ROS signals with other signalling pathways is essential to finetune plant acclimation to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Isabeau Vanbuel
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Verena Iven
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kris Kunnen
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Vandionant
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michiel Huybrechts
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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7
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Li C, Mo Y, Wang N, Xing L, Qu Y, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Ali A, Qi J, Fernández V, Wang Y, Kopittke PM. The overlooked functions of trichomes: Water absorption and metal detoxication. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:669-687. [PMID: 36581782 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Trichomes are epidermal outgrowths on plant shoots. Their roles in protecting plants against herbivores and in the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites have long been recognized. Recently, studies are increasingly showing that trichomes also play important roles in water absorption and metal detoxication, with these roles having important implications for ecology, the environment, and agriculture. However, these two functions of trichomes have been largely overlooked and much remains unknown. In this review, we show that the trichomes of 37 plant species belonging to 14 plant families are involved in water absorption, while the trichomes of 33 species from 13 families are capable of sequestering metals within their trichomes. The ability of trichomes to absorb water results from their decreased hydrophobicity compared to the remainder of the leaf surface as well as the presence of special structures for collecting and absorbing water. In contrast, the metal detoxication function of trichomes results not only from the good connection of their basal cells to the underlying vascular tissues, but also from the presence of metal-chelating ligands and transporters within the trichomes themselves. Knowledge gaps and critical future research questions regarding these two trichome functions are highlighted. This review improves our understanding on trichomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingying Mo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nina Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longyi Xing
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Baoji Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zuoqiang Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Arshad Ali
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Hebei, China
| | - Jiyan Qi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Victoria Fernández
- School of Forest Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Yu G, Chen Q, Chen F, Liu H, Lin J, Chen R, Ren C, Wei J, Zhang Y, Yang F, Sheng Y. Glutathione Promotes Degradation and Metabolism of Residual Fungicides by Inducing UDP-Glycosyltransferase Genes in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:893508. [PMID: 35860529 PMCID: PMC9289782 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.893508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a key antioxidant, which plays a crucial role in the detoxification of xenobiotics in plants. In the present study, glutathione could reduce chlorothalonil (CHT) residues in tomatoes by inducing the expression of the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) gene. In plants, UGT is an important glycosylation catalyst, which can respond to stresses in time by activating plant hormones and defense compounds. Given the importance of plant growth and development, the genome-wipe analyses of Arabidopsis and soybean samples have been carried out, though not on the tomato, which is a vital vegetable crop. In this study, we identified 143 UGT genes in the tomato that were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes and divided into 16 subgroups and found that a variety of plant hormones and stress response cis-elements were discovered in the promoter region of the SlUGT genes, indicating that the UGT genes were involved in several aspects of the tomato stress response. Transcriptome analysis and results of qRT-PCR showed that most SlUGT genes could be induced by CHT, and the expression of these genes was regulated by glutathione. In addition, we found that SlUGT genes could participate in plant detoxification through interaction with transcription factors. These findings further clarify the potential function of the UGT gene family in the detoxification of exogenous substances in tomatoes and provide valuable information for the future study of functional genomics of tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaobo Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Qiusen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Runan Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Tropical Crop, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chunyuan Ren
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinpeng Wei
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agro-products and Processed Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Daqing, China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Fengjun Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yunyan Sheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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9
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Meng Y, Jing H, Huang J, Shen R, Zhu X. The Role of Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136901. [PMID: 35805908 PMCID: PMC9266721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a widely distributed gaseous signaling molecule in plants that can be synthesized through enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways and plays an important role in plant growth and development, signal transduction, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal pollutant widely found in the environment, which not only inhibits plant growth but also enters humans through the food chain and endangers human health. To reduce or avoid the adverse effects of Cd stress, plants have evolved a range of coping mechanisms. Many studies have shown that NO is also involved in the plant response to Cd stress and plays an important role in regulating the resistance of plants to Cd stress. However, until now, the mechanisms by which Cd stress regulates the level of endogenous NO accumulation in plant cells remained unclear, and the role of exogenous NO in plant responses to Cd stress is controversial. This review describes the pathways of NO production in plants, the changes in endogenous NO levels in plants under Cd stress, and the effects of exogenous NO on regulating plant resistance to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huaikang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Renfang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8688-1008 or +86-25-8688-1000
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10
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Gao Y, Li H, Song Y, Zhang F, Yang Z, Yang Y, Grohmann T. Response of glutathione pools to cadmium stress and the strategy to translocate cadmium from roots to leaves (Daucus carota L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153575. [PMID: 35114244 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carrots are one of the most highly consumed vegetables in the world. Due to the large area of cadmium (Cd) contaminated farmland, to abate the impact of Cd contamination on carrot quality and safety, a novel strategy is required to drive Cd translocation from the soil to the overground leafy tissues of carrots to protect the edible roots and thus ensure food security. To this end, this article presents an experimental study with mathematical models to assess the tolerance and accumulation capacity of Cd in inedible carrot leaves, as well as the regulatory factors affecting Cd distribution in carrots. The glutathione (GSH) pools were examined in carrot leaves in response to the oxidation stress induced by Cd exposures, and it was found that under low Cd stress (1 and 3 mg/L) the changes of GSH pools were dominated by the variation of GSH, showing higher GSH content and low levels of oxidized GSH content (GSSG). In contrast, both of these two indicator variables as well as the GSH/GSSG ratio all decreased under high Cd stress (5 and 9 mg/L). Combining this information with Cd concentrations in leaves, a model was established to predict the Cd accumulation capacity of leaves. The data showed that the potential Cd accumulation in carrot leaves could be as high as 514 μg/kg dry weight. Furthermore, the factors and primary physiological indicators affecting and regulating GSH pools by multiple stepwise regression were analyzed. The results showed that increasing chlorophyll a/b ratio and γ-glutamylcyclotransferase activity while inhibiting phytochelatin synthase activity could expand the tolerance of carrot leaves to Cd. These findings suggest a possible strategy for regulating the distribution of toxic metals in plants through a molecular-based approach and provide some important information that could be conducive to achieving food safety and phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Yang Song
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Fenglin Zhang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Teresa Grohmann
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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11
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Molecular Cloning of a TCHQD Class Glutathione S-Transferase and GST Function in Response to GABA Induction of Melon Seedlings under Root Hypoxic Stress. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), a versatile enzyme that occurs widely in plants, plays a key role in plant resistance to environmental stresses. Previous results have demonstrated that GST proteins are involved in alleviating root hypoxic injury caused by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); however, the induction mechanism of the GST gene in the melon under root hypoxic stress and its functional mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, based on gene cloning and bioinformatics analysis, GST gene expression and activity and glutathione (GSH) content were assessed under root hypoxic and normoxic conditions with or without GABA. The results showed that the CmGST locus includes an 804 bp gene sequence that encodes 267 amino acids. The sequence was highly similar to those of other plant TCHQD GSTs, and the highest value (94%) corresponded to Cucumis sativus. Real-time PCR results showed that the CmGST gene was induced by root hypoxic stress and GABA, and this induction was accompanied by increased GST activity and GSH content. Root hypoxic stress significantly upregulated CmGST expression in melon roots (0.5–6 d), stems, and leaves (0.5–4 d), and GST activity and GSH content were also significantly increased. Exogenous GABA treatment upregulated CmGST gene expression, GST activity, and GSH content, particularly under root hypoxic conditions. As a result, CmGST expression in GABA-treated roots and leaves at 0.5–4 d and stems at 0.5–6 d was significantly higher than that under root hypoxic stress alone. This study provides evidence that the TCHQD CmGST may play a vital role in how GABA increases melon hypoxia tolerance by upregulating gene expression and improving metabolism.
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12
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Alsafran M, Usman K, Ahmed B, Rizwan M, Saleem MH, Al Jabri H. Understanding the Phytoremediation Mechanisms of Potentially Toxic Elements: A Proteomic Overview of Recent Advances. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:881242. [PMID: 35646026 PMCID: PMC9134791 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As), polluting the environment, pose a significant risk and cause a wide array of adverse changes in plant physiology. Above threshold accumulation of PTEs is alarming which makes them prone to ascend along the food chain, making their environmental prevention a critical intervention. On a global scale, current initiatives to remove the PTEs are costly and might lead to more pollution. An emerging technology that may help in the removal of PTEs is phytoremediation. Compared to traditional methods, phytoremediation is eco-friendly and less expensive. While many studies have reported several plants with high PTEs tolerance, uptake, and then storage capacity in their roots, stem, and leaves. However, the wide application of such a promising strategy still needs to be achieved, partly due to a poor understanding of the molecular mechanism at the proteome level controlling the phytoremediation process to optimize the plant's performance. The present study aims to discuss the detailed mechanism and proteomic response, which play pivotal roles in the uptake of PTEs from the environment into the plant's body, then scavenge/detoxify, and finally bioaccumulate the PTEs in different plant organs. In this review, the following aspects are highlighted as: (i) PTE's stress and phytoremediation strategies adopted by plants and (ii) PTEs induced expressional changes in the plant proteome more specifically with arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, mercury, and lead with models describing the metal uptake and plant proteome response. Recently, interest in the comparative proteomics study of plants exposed to PTEs toxicity results in appreciable progress in this area. This article overviews the proteomics approach to elucidate the mechanisms underlying plant's PTEs tolerance and bioaccumulation for optimized phytoremediation of polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alsafran
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Central Laboratories Unit (CLU), Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kamal Usman
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hareb Al Jabri
- Center for Sustainable Development (CSD), College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Hafsi C, Collado-Arenal AM, Wang H, Sanz-Fernández M, Sahrawy M, Shabala S, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. The role of NADPH oxidases in regulating leaf gas exchange and ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis plants under cadmium stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128217. [PMID: 35077969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase, an enzyme associated with the plasma membrane, constitutes one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which regulate different developmental and adaptive responses in plants. In this work, the involvement of NADPH oxidases in the regulation of photosynthesis and cell ionic homeostasis in response to short cadmium exposure was compared between wild type (WT) and three RBOHs (Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologues) Arabidopsis mutants (AtrbohC, AtrbohD, and AtrbohF). Plants were grown under hydroponic conditions and supplemented with 50 µM CdCl2 for 24 h. Cadmium treatment differentially affected photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and antioxidative responses in WT and Atrbohs mutants. The loss of function of RBOH isoforms resulted in higher Cd2+ influx, mainly in the elongation zone of roots, which was more evident in AtrbohD and AtrbohF mutants. In the mature zone, the highest Cd2+ influx was observed in rbohC mutant. The lack of functional RBOH isoforms also resulted in altered patterns of net K+ transport across cellular membranes, both in the root epidermis and leaf mesophyll. The analysis of expression of metal transporters by qPCR demonstrated that a loss of functional RBOH isoforms has altered transcript levels for metal NRAMP3, NRAMP6 and IRT1 and the K+ transporters outward-rectifying K+ efflux GORK channel, while RBOHD specifically regulated transcripts for high-affinity K+ transporters KUP8 and HAK5, and IRT1 and RBOHD and F regulated the transcription factors TGA3 and TGA10. It is concluded that RBOH-dependent H2O2 regulation of ion homeostasis and Cd is a highly complex process involving multilevel regulation from transpirational water flow to transcriptional and posttranslational modifications of K/metals transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chokri Hafsi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901 - 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja (ISBB), University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba avenue P. O. Box 382 - 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - María Sanz-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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14
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Sardar R, Ahmed S, Akbar M, Yasin NA, Li G. Alleviation of cadmium phytotoxicity in triacontanol treated Coriandrum sativum L. by modulation of physiochemical attributes, oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidative system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133924. [PMID: 35149022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous metal that has a significant risk of transfer from soil to edible parts of food crops including shoots and seeds. Reduction of Cd accumulation is required to lower the risk of Cd exposure in humans and animals feeding on metal contaminated parts of such plants. Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) exposed to Cd showed stress symptoms such as stunted growth, reduced photosynthetic activity and synthesis of chlorophyll pigments. Growth inhibition in Cd-treated plants was attributed to induction of oxidative stress as demonstrated by higher level of stress biomarkers such as electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide. Primary objective of the current study was to observe the ameliorative role of triacontanol (Tria) in Cd-stressed coriander seedlings. For this purpose, coriander seeds were primed with Tria concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 μmol L-1. Seedlings developed from Tria treated seeds exhibited reduced loss of photosynthetic pigments; mitigated oxidative stress caused by Cd, through improved efficacy of antioxidant machinery comprising superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) enzymes besides non-enzymatic antioxidants including proline, phenolics and flavonoids. Triacontanol treated seedlings showed enhanced yield attributes suggesting that exogenous Tria could be employed to improve plant tolerance to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akbar
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- SSG, RO-II Department, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Yadav V, Arif N, Singh VP, Guerriero G, Berni R, Shinde S, Raturi G, Deshmukh R, Sandalio LM, Chauhan DK, Tripathi DK. Histochemical Techniques in Plant Science: More Than Meets the Eye. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1509-1527. [PMID: 33594421 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Histochemistry is an essential analytical tool interfacing extensively with plant science. The literature is indeed constellated with examples showing its use to decipher specific physiological and developmental processes, as well as to study plant cell structures. Plant cell structures are translucent unless they are stained. Histochemistry allows the identification and localization, at the cellular level, of biomolecules and organelles in different types of cells and tissues, based on the use of specific staining reactions and imaging. Histochemical techniques are also widely used for the in vivo localization of promoters in specific tissues, as well as to identify specific cell wall components such as lignin and polysaccharides. Histochemistry also enables the study of plant reactions to environmental constraints, e.g. the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be traced by applying histochemical staining techniques. The possibility of detecting ROS and localizing them at the cellular level is vital in establishing the mechanisms involved in the sensitivity and tolerance to different stress conditions in plants. This review comprehensively highlights the additional value of histochemistry as a complementary technique to high-throughput approaches for the study of the plant response to environmental constraints. Moreover, here we have provided an extensive survey of the available plant histochemical staining methods used for the localization of metals, minerals, secondary metabolites, cell wall components, and the detection of ROS production in plant cells. The use of recent technological advances like CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing for histological application is also addressed. This review also surveys the available literature data on histochemical techniques used to study the response of plants to abiotic stresses and to identify the effects at the tissue and cell levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Roberto Berni
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Suhas Shinde
- Department of Biology and Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Gaurav Raturi
- Department of Agri-Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Agri-Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, I 2 Block, 5th Floor, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
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16
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Peralta JM, Bianucci E, Romero-Puertas MC, Furlan A, Castro S, Travaglia C. Targeting redox metabolism of the maize-Azospirillum brasilense interaction exposed to arsenic-affected groundwater. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1189-1206. [PMID: 34331344 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic in groundwater constitutes an agronomic problem due to its potential accumulation in the food chain. Among the agro-sustainable tools to reduce metal(oid)s toxicity, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) becomes important. For that, and based on previous results in which significant differences of As translocation were observed when inoculating maize plants with Az39 or CD Azospirillum strains, we decided to decipher the redox metabolism changes and the antioxidant system response of maize plants inoculated when exposed to a realistic arsenate (AsV ) dose. Results showed that AsV caused morphological changes in the root exodermis. Photosynthetic pigments decreased only in CD inoculated plants, while oxidative stress evidence was detected throughout the plant, regardless of the assayed strain. The antioxidant response was strain-differential since only CD inoculated plants showed an increase in superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities while other enzymes showed the same behavior irrespective of the inoculated strain. Gene expression assays reported that only GST23 transcript level was upregulated by arsenate, regardless of the inoculated strain. AsV diminished the glutathione (GSH) content of roots inoculated with the Az39 strain, and CD inoculated plants showed a decrease of oxidized GSH (GSSG) levels. We suggest a model in which the antioxidant response of the maize-diazotrophs system is modulated by the strain and that GSH plays a central role acting mainly as a substrate for GST. These findings generate knowledge for a suitable PGPB selection, and its scaling to an effective bioinoculant formulation for maize crops exposed to adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Peralta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Eliana Bianucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Furlan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stella Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Travaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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17
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Peco JD, Sandalio LM, Higueras P, Olmedilla A, Campos JA. Characterization of the biochemical basis for copper homeostasis and tolerance in Biscutella auriculata L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:167-179. [PMID: 33280132 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biscutella auriculata L. is a plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family and it has been found growing in a metal-contaminated area of the San Quíntín mine (Ciudad Real, Spain). The purpose of this work was to evaluate the mechanisms that allow this plant to tolerate high concentrations of copper. Seedlings were grown in a semi-hydroponic system for 15 days under 125 μM of Cu (NO3 )2 . Exposure to copper resulted in growth inhibition and reduction in the photosynthetic parameters. Copper was mainly accumulated in vascular tissue and vacuoles of the roots and only a minor proportion was transferred to the shoot. Biothiol analysis showed a greater enhancement of reduced glutathione in leaves and increases of phytochelatins (PC2 and PC3) in both leaves and roots. Copper treatment induced oxidative stress, which triggered a response of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. The results show that B. auriculata is able to tolerate high metal levels through the activation of specific mechanisms to neutralize the oxidative stress produced and also by metal sequestration through phytochelatins. The preferential accumulation of copper in roots provides clues for further studies on the use of this plant for phytostabilization and environmental recovery purposes in Cu-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Adela Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
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18
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AbdElgawad H, Schoenaers S, Zinta G, Hassan YM, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Alkhalifah DHM, Hozzein WN, Asard H, Abuelsoud W. Soil arsenic toxicity differentially impacts C3 (barley) and C4 (maize) crops under future climate atmospheric CO 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125331. [PMID: 34030395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil arsenic (As) contamination limits global agricultural productivity. Anthropogenic emissions are causing atmospheric CO2 levels to rise. Elevated CO2 (eCO2) boosts plant growth both under optimal and suboptimal growth conditions. However, the crop-specific interaction between eCO2 and soil arsenic exposure has not been investigated at the whole plant, physiological and biochemical level. Here, we tested the effects of eCO2 (620 ppm) and soil As exposure (mild and severe treatments, 25 and 100 mg As/Kg soil) on growth, photosynthesis and redox homeostasis in barley (C3) and maize (C4). Compared to maize, barley was more susceptible to soil As exposure at ambient CO2 levels. Barley plants accumulated more As, particularly in roots. As accumulation inhibited plant growth and induced oxidative damage in a species-specific manner. As-exposed barley experienced severe oxidative stress as illustrated by high H2O2 and protein oxidation levels. Interestingly, eCO2 differentially mitigated As-induced stress in barley and maize. In barley, eCO2 exposure reduced photorespiration, H2O2 production, and lipid/protein oxidation. In maize eCO2 exposure led to an upregulation of the ascorbate-glutathione (ASC/GSH)-mediated antioxidative defense system. Combined, this work highlights how ambient and future eCO2 levels differentially affect the growth, physiology and biochemistry of barley and maize crops exposed to soil As pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sébastjen Schoenaers
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.
| | - Yasser M Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Dalal Hussien M Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Asard
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Walid Abuelsoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Liu N, Li J, Lv J, Yu J, Xie J, Wu Y, Tang Z. Melatonin alleviates imidacloprid phytotoxicity to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating redox homeostasis in plants and promoting its metabolism by enhancing glutathione dependent detoxification. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 217:112248. [PMID: 33901782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (Mel), a powerful antioxidant that has the ability to regulate physiological and biochemical processes in plants under abiotic stresses. However, its roles in pesticide detoxification is poorly understood. Herein, selecting leaf spraying insecticide imidacloprid (IMD) as the model, we demonstrated the detoxification mechanism underlying root pretreatment of Mel on IMD in cucumber. IMD treatment affected the primary light conversion efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), reduced the quantum yield, and increased hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions contents as well as the levels of membrane lipid peroxidation, indicating that excessive IMD treatment induces oxidative stress. Nonetheless, by increasing the appropriate levels of exogenous Mel, the photosynthesis of cucumber under IMD treatment reached the control levels, effectively removing reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the content and ratio of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were decreased under IMD treatment; Mel treatment enhanced the AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios, as well as the activities of MDHAR, DHAR and GR, suggesting that Mel could alleviate oxidative stress of cucumber treated with IMD by regulating the ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle. Importantly, IMD degradation rate and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity increased after Mel treatment. The levels of transcripts encoding antioxidant enzymes GPX and GST (GST1,2 and 3) were also increased, indicating that Mel accelerated IMD degradation. These results suggest that Mel plays an important role in the detoxification of IMD by promoting GST activity and transcription and the AsA-GSH cycle, thus providing an approach for plants to reduce IMD residue through the plant's own detoxification mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jinwu Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid-land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Abstract
Abandoned mine lands (AMLs), which are considered some of the most dangerous anthropogenic activities in the world, are a source of hazards relating to potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Traditional reclamation techniques, which are expensive, time-consuming and not well accepted by the general public, cannot be used on a large scale. However, plant-based techniques have gained acceptance as an environmentally friendly alternative over the last 20 years. Plants can be used in AMLs for PTE phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and phytovolatilization. We reviewed these phytoremediation techniques, paying particular attention to the selection of appropriate plants in each case. In order to assess the suitability of plants for phytoremediation purposes, the accumulation capacity and tolerance mechanisms of PTEs was described. We also compiled a collection of interesting actual examples of AML phytoremediation. On-site studies have shown positive results in terms of soil quality improvement, reduced PTE bioavailability, and increased biodiversity. However, phytoremediation strategies need to better characterize potential plant candidates in order to improve PTE extraction and to reduce the negative impact on AMLs.
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Influence of Biochar Derived Nitrogen on Cadmium Removal by Ryegrass in a Contaminated Soil. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the effect of nitrogen (N) application via biochar on the removal of trace elements by crops, and the effects with chemical fertilizers are inconsistent. We determined, from a previous study, the influence of increased N addition via biochars produced from switchgrass (SGB) and poultry litter (PLB) on cadmium (Cd) removal by ryegrass. The biochar rates of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% w/w were applied to a Cd-contaminated soil before seeding in a potting experiment with a complete randomized block design (CRBD). Ryegrass yield and N and Cd removed by harvest were strongly related (p < 0.05). The ryegrass yields increased up to 1% of PLB, and Cd removal was also the highest at 1% of PLB. The biomass of ryegrass roots increased with Cd accumulation (p < 0.05). Overall, the Cd transfer factor (TF) from ryegrass roots to shoots increased when up to 206 ± 38 kg N ha−1 was removed in ryegrass shoots (p < 0.0001). The application of PLB up to 1% might be a viable option since it is a practical rate for handling operations requiring less volume of material than SGB. Additionally, the Cd concentration in the aboveground forage remained acceptable for grazing cattle. Future studies are encouraged to evaluate different sources of N fertilizers affecting Cd uptake on cash crops.
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Peco JD, Higueras P, Campos JA, Olmedilla A, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. Deciphering lead tolerance mechanisms in a population of the plant species Biscutella auriculata L. from a mining area: Accumulation strategies and antioxidant defenses. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127721. [PMID: 32745740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The uptake and distribution of Pb and the mechanisms involved in the metal tolerance have been investigated in a mine population of Biscutella auriculata. Seedlings were exposed to 125 μM Pb(NO3)2 for 15 days under semihydroponic conditions. The results showed an increase in the size of Pb-treated seedlings and symptoms of toxicity were not observed. ICP-OES analyses showed that Pb accumulation was restricted to root tissue. Imaging of Pb accumulation by dithizone histochemistry revealed the presence of the metal in vacuoles and cell wall in root cells. The accumulation of Pb in vacuoles could be stimulated by an increase in phytochelatin PC2 content. Pb did not promote oxidative damage and this is probably due the increase of antioxidative defenses. In the leaves, Pb produced a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity, while in roots an increase in catalase and components of the Foyer- Halliwell-Asada cycle were observed. The results indicated that Biscutella auriculata has a high capacity to tolerate Pb and this is mainly due to a very efficient mechanism to sequester the metal in roots and a capacity to avoid oxidative stress. This species could therefore be very useful for phytostabilization and repopulation of areas contaminated with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Plaza de Manuel Meca 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - P Higueras
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Plaza de Manuel Meca 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | - M C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | - L M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 419 E, 18080, Granada, Spain.
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