1
|
Zhang LS, Feng XY, Qiu CF, Li LS, Sun Y, Tao XY, Li XY, Liu ZW, Cao DJ. The remediation potential and kinetics of Pb 2+ adsorbed by the organic frameworks of Cladophora rupestris. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13609-13621. [PMID: 38253838 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Cladophora rupestris is ubiquitous in many kinds of waterbodies, and C. rupestris biomass can serve as a carrier for adsorbing and transferring heavy metals. Batch experiments and characterization were performed. Results showed that the organic frameworks of C. rupestris (CROF) had a specific surface area of 2.58 m2/g and an external surface area of 2.06 m2/g. Many mesopores were present in CROF, mainly distributed in 2.5-7.5 nm. The zeta potentials were within the range of - 4.46 to - 13.98 mV in the tested pH of 2.0-9.0. CROF could effectively adsorb Pb2+ in large pH range. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of Pb2+ on CROF was 15.02 mg/g, and 97% of Pb2+ was adsorbed onto CROF after 25 min. CROF had a preferential adsorption of Pb2+. The protein secondary structures and carbon skeletons of CROF all worked in adsorption. The main Pb2+ adsorption mechanisms were pore filling, electrostatic attraction, Pb-π interaction, and surface complexation. Therefore, it is valuable as a biosorbent for the removal of Pb2+ from waterbodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Sheng Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Feng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Fa Qiu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Sheng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Tao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Wen Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou, 247000, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Ju Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leong YK, Chang JS. Microalgae-based biochar production and applications: A comprehensive review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 389:129782. [PMID: 37742815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a solid carbonaceous substance synthesized from the thermochemical degradation of biomass, holds significant potential in addressing global challenges such as soil degradation, environmental pollution, and climate change. Its potential as a carbon sequestration agent, together with its versatile applications in soil amendments, pollutant adsorption, and biofuel production, has garnered attention. On the other hand, microalgae, with their outstanding photosynthetic efficiency, adaptability, and ability to accumulate carbohydrates and lipids, have demonstrated potential as emerging feedstock for biochar production. However, despite the significant potential of microalgal biochar, our current understanding of its various aspects, such as the influence of parameters, chemical modifications, and applications, remains limited. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of microalgae-based biochar, covering topics such as production techniques, pollutant removal, catalytic applications, soil amendments, and synthesis of carbon quantum dots to bridge the existing knowledge gap in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi W, Wang Z, Li F, Xu Y, Chen X. Multilayer adsorption of lead (Pb) and fulvic acid by Chlorella pyrenoidosa: Mechanism and impact of environmental factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138596. [PMID: 37023904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
When the multilayer adsorption of lead (Pb) and fulvic acid (FA) occurs on algal surface, the adsorption capacity of Pb on the algae will increase dramatically, thus increasing the environmental risk of Pb. However, the corresponding mechanism and the influence of environmental factors on the multilayer adsorption remain unclear. Here, microscopic observation methods and batch adsorption experiments were exactly designed to investigate the adsorption behavior of multilayer adsorption of Pb and FA on algal surface. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that carboxyl groups were the major functional groups responsible for the binding of Pb ions in multilayer adsorption, and its number was more than that in monolayer adsorption. The solution pH, with an optimal pH of 7, was a critical factor influencing the occurrence of multilayer adsorption because it influences the protonation of the involved functional groups and determines the concentration of Pb2+ and Pb-FA in the solution. Increasing the temperature was beneficial for multilayer adsorption, with ΔH for Pb and FA varied from +17.12 to +47.68 kJ/mol and +16.19 to +57.74 kJ/mol, respectively. The multilayer adsorption of Pb and FA onto algal surface also followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model, but was extremely slower than the monolayer adsorption of Pb and FA by 30 times and 15 orders of magnitude, respectively. Therefore, the adsorption of Pb and FA in the ternary system had a different adsorption behavior than that in the binary system, which verified the presence of multilayer adsorption of Pb and FA and further support the multilayer adsorption mechanism. This work is important to provide data support for water ecological risk prevention and control of heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China; Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Environment, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Feili Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Environment, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xijing Chen
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Costa JAV, Zaparoli M, Cassuriaga APA, Cardias BB, Vaz BDS, Morais MGD, Moreira JB. Biochar production from microalgae: a new sustainable approach to wastewater treatment based on a circular economy. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 169:110281. [PMID: 37390584 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The generation of wastewater due to human activities are the main responsible for environmental problems. These problems are caused by the large amount of organic and inorganic pollutants related to the presence of pesticides, metals, pathogens, drugs and dyes. The photosynthetic treatment of effluents emerges as a sustainable and low-cost alternative for developing wastewater treatment systems based on a circular economy. Chemical compounds present in wastewater can be recovered and reused as a source of nutrients in microalgae cultivation to produce value-added bioproducts. The microalgal biomass produced in the cultivation with effluents has the potential to produce biochar. Biochar is carbon-rich charcoal that can be obtained by converting microalgae biomass through thermal decomposition of organic raw material under limited oxygen supply conditions. Pyrolysis, torrefaction, and hydrothermal carbonization are processes used for biochar synthesis. The application of microalgal biochar as an adsorbent material to remove several compounds present in effluents is an effective and fast treatment. This effectiveness is usually related to the unique physicochemical characteristics of the biochar, such as the presence of functional groups, ion exchange capacity, thermal stability, and high surface area, volume, and pore area. In addition, biochar can be reused in the adsorption process or applied in agriculture for soil correction. In this context, this review article describes the production, characterization, and use of microalgae biochar through a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment, emphasizing its potential in the circular economy. In addition, the article approaches the potential of microalgal biochar as an adsorbent material and its reuse after the adsorption of contaminants, as well as highlights the challenges and future perspectives on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Munise Zaparoli
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Aguiar Cassuriaga
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Barcelos Cardias
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna da Silva Vaz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal Uni-versity of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Michele Greque de Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal Uni-versity of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Botelho Moreira
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal Uni-versity of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang F, Li F, Zimmerman AR, Yu Z, Ji L, Wei C, Zhang X, Gao B. Remarkable synergy between sawdust biochar and attapulgite/diatomite after co-ball milling to adsorb methylene blue. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14384-14392. [PMID: 37180009 PMCID: PMC10173820 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01123b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar has been recognized as a promising sustainable adsorbent for removing pollutants from wastewater. In this study, two natural minerals, attapulgite (ATP) and diatomite (DE) were co-ball milled with sawdust biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C for 2 h) at ratios of 10-40% (w/w) and examined the ability of methylene blue (MB) to be removed from aqueous solutions by them. All the mineral-biochar composites sorbed more MB than both ball milled biochar (MBC) and ball milled mineral alone, indicating there was a positive synergy in co-ball milling biochar with these minerals. The 10% (w/w) composites of ATP:BC (MABC10%) and DE:BC (MDBC10%) had the greatest MB maximum adsorption capacities (modeled by Langmuir isotherm modeling) and were 2.7 and 2.3 times that of MBC, respectively. The adsorption capacities of MABC10% and MDBA10% were 183.0 mg g-1 and 155.0 mg g-1 at adsorption equilibrium, respectively. These improvements can be owing to the greater content of oxygen-containing functional groups and higher cation exchange capacity of the MABC10% and MDBC10% composites. In addition, the characterization results also reveal that pore filling, π-π stacking interactions, hydrogen bonding of hydrophilic functional groups, and electrostatic adsorption of oxygen-containing functional groups also contribute prominently to the adsorption of MB. This, along with the greater MB adsorption at higher pH and ionic strengths, suggests the roles in MB adsorption was an electrostatic interaction and an ion exchange mechanism. These results demonstrate that mineral-biochar composites prepared by co-ball milling treatment were promising sorbents of ionic contaminants for environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University Fengyang 233100 China
| | - Feiyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University Fengyang 233100 China
| | - Andrew R Zimmerman
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville 32611 FL USA
| | - Zhongpu Yu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University Fengyang 233100 China
| | - Licheng Ji
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University Fengyang 233100 China
| | - Chengcheng Wei
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University Fengyang 233100 China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 PR China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville 32611 FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang R, Song C, Zhao Y, Zhang G, Xie L, Wei Z, Li H. A new strategy for treating Pb 2+ and Zn 2+ pollution with industrial waste derivatives Humin. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121236. [PMID: 36758929 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution caused by industrial waste accumulation is a long-term and far-reaching problem. Humin (HM), as a highly condensed organic component insoluble in alkaline or water solution, is often discarded as humic acid industrial waste. However, the abundant active functional groups in HM reported by some researches make it possible for HM to remove metals. In this study, a waste reuse strategy was proposed to reduce the pressure of industrial metal pollution on the environment. HM was obtained from lignite waste residue. Scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum and Fourier infrared spectroscopy, combined with the adsorption models were employed to reveal the mechanism of HM adsorption. The results showed that HM had multiple adsorption mechanism and high biological stability. The adsorption capacity of HM to Zn2+ and Pb2+ were 194.88 mg/g and 289.59 mg/g respectively. HM adsorbed Zn2+ mainly by physical multilayer adsorption. And the adsorption of Pb2+ by HM was mainly a monolayer chemical reaction, which depended on its active functional groups and the exchange of valence electrons. Notably, HM could simultaneously remove Pb2+ and Zn2+ and almost did not affect its original adsorption capacity to single ions. These results will provide a new strategy for the treatment of metal pollution in the future and alleviate the pressure of multiple metal pollution of the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruju Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Lina Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Huiying Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Converting Hybrid Mechanisms to Electron Transfer Mechanism by Increasing Biochar Pyrolysis Temperature for the Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole in a Sludge Biochar/Periodate System. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, sludge biochar was prepared under four pyrolysis temperatures (SBC300, SBC500, SBC700, and SBC900) and then was employed to activate periodate (PI) for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Various characterization methods were employed to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of sludge biochar and the activation capacity of periodate. The SMX adsorption capacity of SBCs and the ability of activating PI to degrade SMX increased with the increasing pyrolysis temperature. The degradation of SMX by the SBCs/PI systems was highly dependent on the initial pH of the solution and the dosage of SBCs. Mechanistic studies indicated that the degradation of SMX by the SBCs/PI system was mainly based on an electron-mediated transfer mechanism. Additionally, the electron transfer capacity of the SBCs affected the defects and the degree of graphitization. The contribution of free radicals to SMX degradation decreases with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Toxicity experiments demonstrated that the toxic elimination of SMX by the SBCs/PI system was enhanced with increasing pyrolysis temperature.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Y, Yang H, Xia S, Wu Z. Removal of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, and phosphate from aqueous solution using biochar derived from Thalia dealbata Fraser: effect of carbonization temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57773-57789. [PMID: 35352229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thalia dealbata Fraser-derived biochar was prepared at different carbonization temperatures to remove nutrients in aqueous solution. Thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) was used to analyze the carbonization and decomposition procedure of Thalia dealbata Fraser. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms were employed to characterize the prepared biochar. The carbonization temperature obviously effected the physical and chemical properties of biochar. The adsorption efficiency of ammonia (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3--N), and phosphate (PO43-) adsorption on biochar was tested. Pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-second-order kinetic, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models were used to fit adsorption kinetic. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to fit adsorption isotherms. The theoretical adsorption capacity of NH4+-N, NO3--N, and PO43- on biochar was 5.8 mg/g, 3.8 mg/g, and 1.3 mg/g, respectively. This study provides the insights for effect of carbonization temperature on biochar preparation and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Xia
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Exploring the Adsorption of Pb on Microalgae-Derived Biochar: A Versatile Material for Environmental Remediation and Electroanalytical Applications. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon material obtained by pyrolysis of biomasses, is increasingly applied in environmental remediation and sensing thanks to its functional properties, cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness. The adsorption capacity of biochar, strictly dependent on its specific surface area, heteroatom doping and surface functional groups, is crucial for these applications. Here, biochar produced at low temperature (350 °C) from a marine microalga (Nannochloropsis sp.) is proposed as an efficient adsorbent of lead (II) ions in aqueous solution; this production strategy promotes the natural self-doping of biochar without requiring harsh conditions. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption process, as well as the effect of pH, ionic strength and dissolved organic matter on the adsorption efficiency were systematically assessed. The microalgae-derived biochar shows superior adsorption performances compared to a nutshell-derived one (used as a reference of lignocellulosic feedstocks) under all the tested conditions. The microalgae-derived biochar was finally used to decorate screen-printed carbon electrodes to improve the electroanalytical performances towards the voltammetric detection of lead (II) ions. A two-fold increase in sensitivity was obtained compared to the unmodified electrode thanks to the enhanced electron transfer and adsorption properties provided by biochar. These results highlight the potentialities of microalgae-derived biochar for environmental and sensing applications.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu H, Zou H. Characterization of algae residue biochar and its application in methyl orange wastewater treatment. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:3716-3725. [PMID: 34928838 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Spirulina residue was used as the raw material to prepare different biochars by changing the pyrolysis time. Moreover, the obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction energy spectra. This experiment used the batch adsorption method to study the adsorption effect of pH, dosage, and pyrolysis time on methyl orange. The adsorption of methyl orange onto Spirulina residue biochar (SRBC) were fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The results showed that the surface functional groups of SRBC obtained by dry pyrolysis were abundant, and could effectively adsorb methyl orange dye in an aqueous solution. The sample prepared at 500 °C for 5 h had the best adsorption effect on methyl orange. The change of pyrolysis time will affect the physicochemical properties of biochar from Spirulina residue, thereby affecting its adsorption effect on methyl orange dye. The analysis showed that the chemical adsorption of SRBC on methyl orange might be the primary way of dye removal. The results can provide a reference for preparing biochar from algae residue and biochar application in the removal of dye wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China E-mail:
| | - Haiming Zou
- Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|