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Song X, Wang H, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Zheng X. Metabolomics combined with physiology and transcriptomics reveal how Nicotiana tabacum leaves respond to cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108464. [PMID: 38442629 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature-induced cold stress is a major threat to plant growth, development and distribution. Unraveling the responses of temperature-sensitive crops to cold stress and the mechanisms of cold acclimation are critical for food demand. In this study, combined physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were conducted on Nicotiana tabacum suffering short-term 4 °C cold stress. Our results showed that cold stress destroyed cellular membrane stability, decreased the chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid contents, and closed stomata, resulting in lipid peroxidation and photosynthesis restriction. Chl fluorescence measurements revealed that primary photochemistry, photoelectrochemical quenching and photosynthetic electron transport in Nicotiana tabacum leaves were seriously suppressed upon exposer to cold stress. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, reduced glutathione, proline, and soluble sugar, were all profoundly increased to trigger the cold acclimation defense against oxidative damage. A total of 178 metabolites and 16,204 genes were differentially expressed in cold-stressed Nicotiana tabacum leaves. MEturquoise and MEblue modules identified by WGCNA were highly correlated with physiological indices, and the corresponding hub genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis - antenna proteins and flavonoid biosynthesis. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified specific metabolites, including sucrose, phenylalanine, glutamine, glutamate, and proline, that enhance plant cold acclimation. Combined transcriptomics and metabolomic analysis highlight the vital roles of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in enhancing the cold tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum. Our comprehensive investigation provides novel insights for efforts to alleviate low temperature-induced oxidative damage to Nicotiana tabacum plants and proposes a breeding target for cold stress-tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Tobacco Company, Luoyang Branch, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Henan Tobacco Company, Luoyang Branch, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Qiangcheng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China.
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Fu Y, Xin L, Mounkaila Hamani AK, Sun W, Wang H, Amin AS, Wang X, Qin A, Gao Y. Foliar Application of Melatonin Positively Affects the Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) under the Combined Effects of Low Temperature and Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3730. [PMID: 37960086 PMCID: PMC10649641 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature and soil salinization during cotton sowing and seedling adversely affect cotton productivity. Exogenous melatonin (MT) can alleviate the damage caused to plants under non-biological stress; thus, applying MT is a means to improve the growth condition of crops under stress. However, achieving this goal requires a thorough understanding of the physiological regulatory mechanisms of MT on cotton seedlings under low temperature and salinity stress. This study could bring new knowledge on physio-biochemical mechanisms that improve the tolerance of cotton seedlings to combined effects of low temperature and salt stress using an exogenous foliar application of MT. The phytotron experiment comprised two temperature levels of cold stress and control and five MT treatments of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM and two salinity levels of 0 and 150 mM NaCl. Compared with the control treatments (non-salinity stress under cold stress and control), the combined stress of salt and low temperature reduced cotton seedlings' biomass and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), aggravated the membrane damage, reduced the potassium (K+) content, and increased the sodium (Na+) accumulation in the leaves and roots. Under NaCl stress, exogenously sprayed 50-150 μM MT increased the biomass and gas exchange parameters of cotton seedlings under salt and low temperature combined with salt stress, reduced the degree of membrane damage, and regulated the antioxidant enzyme, ion homeostasis, transport, and absorption of cotton seedlings. The pairwise correlation analysis of each parameter using MT shows that the parameters with higher correlation with MT at cold stress are mainly malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). The highest correlation coefficient at 25 °C is observed between the K+ and Na+ content in cotton seedlings. The conclusion indicates that under salt and low-temperature stress conditions, exogenous application of MT primarily regulates the levels of Pn, superoxide dismutase (SOD), andPOD in cotton seedlings, reduces Na+ and MDA content, alleviates damage to cotton seedlings. Moreover, the most significant effect was observed when an exogenous application of 50-150 μM of MT was administered under these conditions. The current study's findings could serve as a scientific foundation for salinity and low-temperature stress alleviation during the seedling stage of cotton growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fu
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.F.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (W.S.); (A.S.A.); (A.Q.)
| | - Lang Xin
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.F.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | | | - Weihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (W.S.); (A.S.A.); (A.Q.)
| | - Hongbo Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.F.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Abubakar Sunusi Amin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (W.S.); (A.S.A.); (A.Q.)
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.F.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Anzhen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (W.S.); (A.S.A.); (A.Q.)
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; (W.S.); (A.S.A.); (A.Q.)
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
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Kareem HA, Adeel M, Azeem M, Ahmad MA, Shakoor N, Hassan MU, Saleem S, Irshad A, Niu J, Guo Z, Branko Ć, Hołubowicz R, Wang Q. Antagonistic impact on cadmium stress in alfalfa supplemented with nano-zinc oxide and biochar via upregulating metal detoxification. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130309. [PMID: 36356523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Eco-toxicological estimation of cadmium induced damages by morpho-physiological and cellular response could be an insightful strategy to alleviate negative impact of Cd in agricultural crops. The current study revealed novel patterns of Cd-bioaccumulation and cellular mechanism opted by alfalfa to acquire Cd tolerance under various soil applied zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) doses (0, 30, 60, 90 mg kg-1), combined with 2% biochar (BC). Herein, the potential impact of these soil amendments was justified by decreased Cd and increased Zn-bioaccumulation into roots by 38 % and 48 % and shoots by 51 % and 72 % respectively, with co-exposure of nZnO with BC. As, the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) ultrastructural observations confirmed that Cd-exposure induced stomatal closure, and caused damage to roots and leaves ultrastructure as compared to the control group. On the contrary, the damages to the above-mentioned traits were reversed by a higher nZnO dose, and the impact was further aggravated by adding BC along nZnO. Furthermore, higher nZnO and BC levels efficiently alleviated the Cd-mediated reductions in alfalfa biomass, antioxidant enzymatic response, and gaseous exchange traits than control. Overall, soil application of 90 mg kg-1 nZnO with BC (2 %) was impactful in averting Cd stress damages and ensuring better plant performance. Thereby, applying soil nZnO and BC emerge as promising green remediation techniques to enhance crop tolerance in Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Abdul Kareem
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mahmood Ul Hassan
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Sana Saleem
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Annie Irshad
- Department of Geology and Biology, University of South Carolina, Aiken, SC 29801-6389, USA
| | - Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ćupina Branko
- Faculty of agriculture, Department of field and vegetable crops (Forage Crops Group), University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Roman Hołubowicz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Seed Sci. and Tech., Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Quanzhen Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Chen Q, Yin F, Song M, Cai W, Shuai L. Methyl jasmonate treatment alleviates chilling injury and improves antioxidant system of okra pod during cold storage. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:2049-2060. [PMID: 37051347 PMCID: PMC10084972 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Okra pod is sensitive to low temperature, which results in chilling injury under improper low-temperature storage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on okra pod stored at 4 ± 1°C for 12 days and illuminate the mechanism of MeJA alleviating chilling injury. Compared to the control, MeJA treatments maintained lower relative electric conductivity (REC), chilling injury (CI) degree, and lignin content, as well as higher total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, pectin content, and chlorophyll content. The factor analysis was applied to comprehensively evaluate the effects of MeJA so that 1 μmol/L MeJA was screened as the optimum concentration to maintain the okra quality throughout the storage time. In contrast with control, MeJA not only accelerated the generation of antioxidant substances (phenolics and flavonoids) but also increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD) activity, inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content accumulation, and the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. This work confirmed that MeJA could effectively alleviate chilling injury and maintain the quality during cold-stored by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. These results provide theoretical guidance for the application of MeJA in okra storage and preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfen Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Health Care Food Science and Technology Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Qiumei Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Feilong Yin
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Mubo Song
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Health Care Food Science and Technology Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Wen Cai
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
| | - Liang Shuai
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Health Care Food Science and Technology Hezhou University Hezhou Guangxi China
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Kaushal P, Ali N, Saini S, Pati PK, Pati AM. Physiological and molecular insight of microbial biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1041413. [PMID: 36794211 PMCID: PMC9923114 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1041413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Increased food production to cater the need of growing population is one of the major global challenges. Currently, agro-productivity is under threat due to shrinking arable land, increased anthropogenic activities and changes in the climate leading to frequent flash floods, prolonged droughts and sudden fluctuation of temperature. Further, warm climatic conditions increase disease and pest incidences, ultimately reducing crop yield. Hence, collaborated global efforts are required to adopt environmentally safe and sustainable agro practices to boost crop growth and productivity. Biostimulants appear as a promising means to improve growth of plants even under stressful conditions. Among various categories of biostimulants, microbial biostimulants are composed of microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and/or microbes which stimulate nutrient uptake, produce secondary metabolites, siderophores, hormones and organic acids, participate in nitrogen fixation, imparts stress tolerance, enhance crop quality and yield when applied to the plants. Though numerous studies convincingly elucidate the positive effects of PGPR-based biostimulants on plants, yet information is meagre regarding the mechanism of action and the key signaling pathways (plant hormone modulations, expression of pathogenesis-related proteins, antioxidants, osmolytes etc.) triggered by these biostimulants in plants. Hence, the present review focuses on the molecular pathways activated by PGPR based biostimulants in plants facing abiotic and biotic challenges. The review also analyses the common mechanisms modulated by these biostimulants in plants to combat abiotic and biotic stresses. Further, the review highlights the traits that have been modified through transgenic approach leading to physiological responses akin to the application of PGPR in the target plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kaushal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, India
| | - Nilofer Ali
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shivani Saini
- Department of Botany, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Aparna Maitra Pati
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Awan SA, Khan I, Wang Q, Gao J, Tan X, Yang F. Pre-treatment of melatonin enhances the seed germination responses and physiological mechanisms of soybean ( Glycine max L.) under abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1149873. [PMID: 36950358 PMCID: PMC10025545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1149873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The germination of soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds is critically affected by abiotic stresses which resulting in decreasing crop growth and yield. However; little is known about the physiological mechanisms of germination and the potential role of melatonin on soybean seed germination under drought, salt, cold, and heat stresses. Therefore, the current study investigated the possible effects of melatonin to enhance germination indices and other physiological attributes by alleviating the harmful impacts of these stresses during germination. Seeds of soybean were pre-treated (seed priming) with melatonin at MT1 (20 μmol L-1), MT2 (50 μmol L-1), MT3 (100 μmol L-1), MT4 (200 μmol L-1), and MT5 (300 μmol L-1) and exposed to the four stresses (drought at PEG 15%, salt at 150mM, cold at 10 °C, and heat at 30 °C) . It was noted that MT1 (20 μmol L-1), MT2 (50 μmol L-1), and MT3 (100 μmol L-1) remarkably improved the germination potential, germination rate, radical length, and biomass under given stresses. Furthermore, MT1, MT2, and MT3 progressively increased the proline to minimize the impact of drought, salt, cold, and heat stresses. In addition, all stresses significantly induced oxidative damage however, salt (150 mM NaCl) and heat (30 °C) stresses highly increased the malondialdehyde content (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as compared to drought (PEG 15%) and cold (10 °C) stresses. Moreover, MT2 and MT3 significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) to reduce the oxidative damage in soybean seeds during the germination. Overall, melatonin at 50 μmol L-1 and 100 μmol L-1 considerably mitigated the harmful impacts of drought, salt, cold, and heat stress by enhancing germination and other physiological mechanisms of soybean. This study could provide bases to enhance the melatonin-mediated tolerance of soybean and other related crops at early growth stages when exposed to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu, China
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianming Tan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Yang,
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Raza A, Charagh S, García-Caparrós P, Rahman MA, Ogwugwa VH, Saeed F, Jin W. Melatonin-mediated temperature stress tolerance in plants. GM CROPS & FOOD 2022; 13:196-217. [PMID: 35983948 PMCID: PMC9397135 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Global climate changes cause extreme temperatures and a significant reduction in crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (including both heat and cold stresses) is one of the most limiting factors in plant growth and development and severely affect plant physiology, biochemical, and molecular processes. Biostimulants like melatonin (MET) have a multifunctional role that acts as a "defense molecule" to safeguard plants against the noxious effects of temperature stress. MET treatment improves plant growth and temperature tolerance by improving several defense mechanisms. Current research also suggests that MET interacts with other molecules, like phytohormones and gaseous molecules, which greatly supports plant adaptation to temperature stress. Genetic engineering via overexpression or CRISPR/Cas system of MET biosynthetic genes uplifts the MET levels in transgenic plants and enhances temperature stress tolerance. This review highlights the critical role of MET in plant production and tolerance against temperature stress. We have documented how MET interacts with other molecules to alleviate temperature stress. MET-mediated molecular breeding would be great potential in helping the adverse effects of temperature stress by creating transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea
| | | | - Faisal Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Turkey
| | - Wanmei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, Peking, China
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Arnao MB, Hernández-Ruiz J, Cano A. Role of Melatonin and Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants: Implications under Nitrogen-Excess or Nitrogen-Low. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315217. [PMID: 36499543 PMCID: PMC9741234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a new plant hormone involved in multiple physiological functions in plants such as germination, photosynthesis, plant growth, flowering, fruiting, and senescence, among others. Its protective role in different stress situations, both biotic and abiotic, has been widely demonstrated. Melatonin regulates several routes in primary and secondary plant metabolism through the up/down-regulation of many enzyme/factor genes. Many of the steps of nitrogen metabolism in plants are also regulated by melatonin and are presented in this review. In addition, the ability of melatonin to enhance nitrogen uptake under nitrogen-excess or nitrogen-low conditions is analyzed. A model that summarizes the distribution of nitrogen compounds, and the osmoregulation and redox network responses mediated by melatonin, are presented. The possibilities of using melatonin in crops for more efficient uptake, the assimilation and metabolization of nitrogen from soil, and the implications for Nitrogen Use Efficiency strategies to improve crop yield are also discussed.
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Li J, Xie J, Yu J, Lyv J, Zhang J, Ding D, Li N, Zhang J, Bakpa EP, Yang Y, Niu T, Gao F. Melatonin enhanced low-temperature combined with low-light tolerance of pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings by regulating root growth, antioxidant defense system, and osmotic adjustment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:998293. [PMID: 36247609 PMCID: PMC9554354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.998293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is an important biologically active hormone that plays a vital role in plant growth and development. In particular, it has been investigated for its roles in abiotic stress management. In this study, pepper seedlings were subjected to low-temperature combined with low-light stress (LL) (15/5°C, 100 μmol m-2s-1) prior to a foliar spray of 200mM MT for 168h to investigate the protective role of MT in pepper seedlings. Our results demonstrated that LL stress negatively affected root growth, and accelerated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including H2O2 and O 2 - , changed the osmolytes contents, and antioxidative system. However, these were reversed by exogenous MT application. MT effectively promoted the root growth as indicated by significant increase in root length, surface area, root volume, tips, forks, and crossings. In addition, MT reduced the burst of ROS and MDA contents induced by LL, enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, DHAR, and MDHAR resulted by upregulated expressions of CaSOD, CaPOD, CaCAT, CaAPX, CaDHAR, and CaMDHAR, and elevated the contents of AsA and GSH, declined DHA and GSSH contents, which prevented membrane lipid peroxidation and protected plants from oxidative damages under LL stress. Furthermore, seedlings treated with MT released high contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in leave, which might enhance LL tolerance by maintaining substance biosynthesis and maintaining cellular homeostasis resulted by high levels of osmolytes and carbohydrate in the cytosol. Our current findings confirmed the mitigating potential of MT application for LL stress by promoting pepper root growth, improving antioxidative defense system, ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and osmotic adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lyv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institution of Vegetable, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongxia Ding
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nenghui Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Yan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianhang Niu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Irshad A, Rehman RNU, Dubey S, Khan MA, Yang P, Hu T. Rhizobium inoculation and exogenous melatonin synergistically increased thermotolerance by improving antioxidant defense, photosynthetic efficiency, and nitro-oxidative homeostasis in Medicago truncatula. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.945695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming negatively affects plant growth due to the detrimental effects of high temperature-induced heat stress. Rhizobium inoculation (RI) and exogenous melatonin (MT) have shown a positive role in resisting abiotic stress. However, their synergistic effect on avoiding heat-induced damages in Medicago truncatula has not been studied yet. Hence, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of these amendments (RI and MT) to ameliorate the heat damages in Medicago truncatula. The study was comprised of two factors: (1) heat-induced stress: (i) optimum temperature (26 ± 1°C): (23 ± 1°C) (day: night), (ii) moderate heat (35 ± 1°C): (28 ± 1°C), and (iii) severe heat (41 ± 1°C): (35 ± 1°C) for 72 h, and (2) amendments: (i) no RI + no MT (NRI + NMT), (ii) Rhizobium inoculation (RI), (iii) 60 μM melatonin (MT), and (iii) RI + MT. Results showed that the combined application of RI and MT was better than their individual applications, as it prevented heat-induced membrane damages by declining the hydrogen peroxide (34.22% and 29.78%), superoxide anion radical (29.49% and 26.71%), malondialdehyde contents (26.43% and 21.96%), and lipoxygenase activity (44.75% and 25.51%) at both heat stress levels as compared to NRI + NMT. Moreover, RI + MT treated plants showed higher antioxidative and methylglyoxal detoxification enzymes (Gly I and Gly II) activities under heat stress. While, NRI + NMT treated plants showed a higher level of methylglyoxal contents (47.99% and 46.71%) under both levels of heat stress. Relative to NRI + NMT plants, RI + MT pretreated plants exhibited improved heat tolerance as indicated by higher chlorophyll (37.42% and 43.52%), carotenoid contents (32.41% and 47.08%), and photosynthetic rate (42.62% and 64.63%), under moderate and severe heat stress, respectively. Furthermore, RI + MT pretreated plants had considerably higher indole-3 acetic acid and abscisic acid concentrations under moderate (54.02% and 53.92%) and severe (68.36% and 64.61%) heat stress conditions. Similarly, plant dry biomass, NPK uptake, nitric oxide, and nitrate reductase activity were high in RI + MT treated plants, under both levels of stress. Therefore, this study advocates the positive synergistic effect of RI and MT pretreatment against moderate and severe heat-induced stress and for possible maintenance of plant growth under changing scenarios of global warming.
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Kozieł M, Kalita M, Janczarek M. Genetic diversity of microsymbionts nodulating Trifolium pratense in subpolar and temperate climate regions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12144. [PMID: 35840628 PMCID: PMC9287440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia are soil-borne bacteria forming symbiotic associations with legumes and fixing atmospheric dinitrogen. The nitrogen-fixation potential depends on the type of host plants and microsymbionts as well as environmental factors that affect the distribution of rhizobia. In this study, we compared genetic diversity of bacteria isolated from root nodules of Trifolium pratense grown in two geographical regions (Tromsø, Norway and Lublin, Poland) located in distinct climatic (subpolar and temperate) zones. To characterize these isolates genetically, three PCR-based techniques (ERIC, BOX, and RFLP of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer), 16S rRNA sequencing, and multi-locus sequence analysis of chromosomal house-keeping genes (atpD, recA, rpoB, gyrB, and glnII) were done. Our results indicate that a great majority of the isolates are T. pratense microsymbionts belonging to Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. trifolii. A high diversity among these strains was detected. However, a lower diversity within the population derived from the subpolar region in comparison to that of the temperate region was found. Multi-locus sequence analysis showed that a majority of the strains formed distinct clusters characteristic for the individual climatic regions. The subpolar strains belonged to two (A and B) and the temperate strains to three R. leguminosarum genospecies (B, E, and K), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kozieł
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Kalita
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Janczarek
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
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Kareem HA, Hassan MU, Zain M, Irshad A, Shakoor N, Saleem S, Niu J, Skalicky M, Chen Z, Guo Z, Wang Q. Nanosized zinc oxide (n-ZnO) particles pretreatment to alfalfa seedlings alleviate heat-induced morpho-physiological and ultrastructural damages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119069. [PMID: 35276246 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Global efforts are in rapid progress to tackle the emerging conundrum of climate change-induced heat stress in grassland ecosystems. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (n-ZnO) are known to play a crucial role in plants' abiotic stress regulation, but its response in alfalfa against heat stress has not been explored. This study aimed at assessing the effects of n-ZnO on alfalfa under heat stress by various morpho-physiological and cellular approaches. Five-week-old alfalfa seedlings were subjected to foliar application of n-ZnO as a pretreatment before the onset of heat stress (BHS) to evaluate its effect on heat tolerance, and as a post-treatment after heat stress (AHS) to evaluate recovery efficiency. In vitro studies on Zn release from n-ZnO by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICPMS) disclosed that the particle uptake and Zn release were concentration dependent. The uptake and translocation of n-ZnO examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) reveling showed that n-ZnO was primarily localized in the vacuoles and chloroplasts. TEM images showed that ultrastructural modifications to chloroplast, mitochondria, and cell wall were reversible by highest dose of n-ZnO applied before heat stress, and damages to these organelles were not recoverable when n-ZnO was applied after heat stress. The results further enlightened that 90 mg L-1 n-ZnO better prevented the heat stress-mediated membrane damage, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress by stimulating antioxidant systems and enhancing osmolyte contents in both BHS and AHS. Although, application of 90 mg L-1 n-ZnO in BHS was more effective in averting heat-induced damages and maintaining better plant growth and morpho-physiological attributes compared to AHS. Conclusively, foliar application of n-ZnO can be encouraged as an effective strategy to protect alfalfa from heat stress damages while minimizing the risk of nanoparticle transmission to environmental compartments, which could happen with soil application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Abdul Kareem
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mahmood Ul Hassan
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Annie Irshad
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sana Saleem
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zhao Chen
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Quanzhen Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Qari SH, Hassan MU, Chattha MU, Mahmood A, Naqve M, Nawaz M, Barbanti L, Alahdal MA, Aljabri M. Melatonin Induced Cold Tolerance in Plants: Physiological and Molecular Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843071. [PMID: 35371159 PMCID: PMC8967244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the most limiting factors for plant growth and development. Cold stress adversely affects plant physiology, molecular and biochemical processes by determining oxidative stress, poor nutrient and water uptake, disorganization of cellular membranes and reduced photosynthetic efficiency. Therefore, to recover impaired plant functions under cold stress, the application of bio-stimulants can be considered a suitable approach. Melatonin (MT) is a critical bio-stimulant that has often shown to enhance plant performance under cold stress. Melatonin application improved plant growth and tolerance to cold stress by maintaining membrane integrity, plant water content, stomatal opening, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient and water uptake, redox homeostasis, accumulation of osmolytes, hormones and secondary metabolites, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through improved antioxidant activities and increase in expression of stress-responsive genes. Thus, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of MT induced cold tolerance and identify the diverse research gaps necessitating to be addressed in future research programs. This review discusses MT involvement in the control of various physiological and molecular responses for inducing cold tolerance. We also shed light on engineering MT biosynthesis for improving the cold tolerance in plants. Moreover, we highlighted areas where future research is needed to make MT a vital antioxidant conferring cold tolerance to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Naqve
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Lorenzo Barbanti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maryam A. Alahdal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Aljabri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Research Laboratories Centre, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Kareem HA, Saleem MF, Saleem S, Rather SA, Wani SH, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Kumar R, Gaikwad NB, Guo Z, Niu J, Wang Q. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Interplay With Physiological and Biochemical Attributes in Terminal Heat Stress Alleviation in Mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:842349. [PMID: 35251111 PMCID: PMC8895266 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.842349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Gradually rising atmospheric temperature is the vital component of the environment, which is anticipated as the riskiest abiotic stress for crop growth. Nanotechnology revolutionizing the agricultural sectors, notably, zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) has captured intensive research interests due to their distinctive properties and numerous applications against abiotic stresses. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.), being a summer crop, is grown all over the world at an optimum temperature of 28-30°C. A rise in temperature above this range, particularly during the flowering stage, can jeopardize the potential performance of the plant. Hence, an outdoor study was performed to evaluate the effect of multiple suspensions of nano-ZnO (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg l-1) on physicochemical attributes and yield of mungbean crop under heat stress. Heat stress was induced by fine-tuning of sowing time as: S1 is the optimal sowing time having day/night temperatures <40/25°C and S2 and S3 are late sown that were above >40/25°C during the flowering stage. In vitro studies on Zn release from nano-ZnO by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICPMS) disclosed that the Zn release and particles uptake from nano-ZnO were concentration-dependent. Exogenous foliar application of nano-ZnO significantly upstreamed the production of antioxidants and osmolytes to attenuate the shocks of heat stress in S2 and S3. Likewise, nano-ZnO substantially rebated the production of reactive oxygen species in both S2 and S3 that was associated with curtailment in lipid peroxidation. Adding to that, foliar-applied nano-ZnO inflates not only the chlorophyll contents and gas exchange attributes, but also the seeds per pod (SPP) and pods per plant (PPP), which results in the better grain yield under heat stress. Thus, among all the sowing dates, S1 statistically performed better than S2 and S3, although foliar exposure of nano-ZnO boosted up mungbean performance under both the no heat and heat-induced environments. Hence, foliar application of nano-ZnO can be suggested as an efficient way to protect the crop from heat stress-mediated damages with the most negligible chances of nanoparticles delivery to environmental compartments that could be possible in case of soil application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Abdul Kareem
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Saleem
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabir A. Rather
- Center of Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | | | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Quanzhen Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Quanzhen Wang, ;
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