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Zhang Y, Shi J, Ma Y, Yu N, Zheng P, Chen Z, Wang T, Jia G. Association between Air Pollution and Lipid Profiles. TOXICS 2023; 11:894. [PMID: 37999546 PMCID: PMC10675150 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a critical factor in the development of atherosclerosis and consequent cardiovascular disease. Numerous pieces of evidence demonstrate the association between air pollution and abnormal blood lipids. Although the results of epidemiological studies on the link between air pollution and blood lipids are unsettled due to different research methods and conditions, most of them corroborate the harmful effects of air pollution on blood lipids. Mechanism studies have revealed that air pollution may affect blood lipids via oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hypothalamic hormone and epigenetic changes. Moreover, there is a risk of metabolic diseases associated with air pollution, including fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, which are often accompanied by dyslipidemia. Therefore, it is biologically plausible that air pollution affects blood lipids. The overall evidence supports that air pollution has a deleterious effect on blood lipid health. However, further research into susceptibility, indoor air pollution, and gaseous pollutants is required, and the issue of assessing the effects of mixtures of air pollutants remains an obstacle for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nairui Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pai Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhangjian Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Y.M.); (N.Y.); (P.Z.); (G.J.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Chen WY, Fu YP, Tu H, Zhong W, Zhou L. The association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and serum lipids in the US adult population. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:129. [PMID: 37568143 PMCID: PMC10422774 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Epidemiological evidence on the relationship between exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), both single and mixed, and serum lipid levels is limited, and their relationship remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to VOCs with serum lipid levels in the US adult population. METHODS AND RESULTS The study examined the association of 16 VOC levels (2-methylhippuric acid, 3- and 4-methylhippuric acid, N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine, 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, N-acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine. N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine, mandelic acid, N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)-L-cysteine, phenylglyoxylic acid and N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine) with total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2015, and a total of 1410 adults were enrolled. The association was evaluated by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), multiple linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. In BKMR analysis, exposure to VOCs is positively correlated with levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C. However, statistical significance was observed only for the impact on TG. Our linear regression analysis and WQS regression generally support the BKMR results. Several VOCs were positively associated with serum lipid profiles (e.g., the ln-transformed level of mandelic acid (MA) displayed an increase in estimated changes of 7.01 (95% CIs: 2.78, 11.24) mg/dL for TC level), even after the effective number of tests for multiple testing (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to VOCs was associated with serum lipids, and more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chen
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Yan-Peng Fu
- Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Tu
- Nusring Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
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Pei Z, Wu M, Zhu W, Pang Y, Niu Y, Zhang R, Zhang H. Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with prevalence of pulmonary nodules: A cross-sectional study in Shijiazhuang, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115311. [PMID: 37531926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A complete understanding of the associations of ambient air pollution with prevalence of pulmonary nodule is lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations of ambient air pollutants with prevalence of pulmonary nodule. A total of 9991 health examination participants was enrolled and 3166 was elected in the final in Shijiazhuang between April 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2018. 107 participants were diagnosed in pulmonary nodule while 3059 participants were diagnosed in non-pulmonary (named control). The individual exposure of participants was evaluation by Empirical Bayesian Kriging model according to their residential or work addresses. The pulmonary nodules were found and diagnosed by health examination through chest x-ray detection. Our results suggested that there were positive associations between prevalence of pulmonary nodules and PM2.5 (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.11) as well as O3 (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.66) levels. The platelet count (PLT) acted as the mediator of pulmonary nodules related with the PM2.5 exposure, while the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as well as platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were the mediators of pulmonary nodules related with the O3 exposure. This study suggests that long-term exposure to PM2.5 and O3 may significantly associated with prevalence of pulmonary nodules, and the above associations are mediated by PLT, NLR and PLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 2nd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Helin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 2nd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
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Liao J, Goodrich J, Walker DI, Lin Y, Lurmann F, Qiu C, Jones DP, Gilliland F, Chazi L, Chen Z. Metabolic pathways altered by air pollutant exposure in association with lipid profiles in young adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121522. [PMID: 37019258 PMCID: PMC10243191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that air pollution influences lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia. However, the metabolic mechanisms linking air pollutant exposure and altered lipid metabolism is not established. In year 2014-2018, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 136 young adults in southern California, and assessed lipid profiles (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol), and untargeted serum metabolomics using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry, and one-month and one-year averaged exposures to NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 air pollutants at residential addresses. A metabolome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify metabolomic features associated with each air pollutant. Mummichog pathway enrichment analysis was used to assess altered metabolic pathways. Principal component analysis (PCA) was further conducted to summarize 35 metabolites with confirmed chemical identity. Lastly, linear regression models were used to analyze the associations of metabolomic PC scores with each air pollutant exposure and lipid profile outcome. In total, 9309 metabolomic features were extracted, with 3275 features significantly associated with exposure to one-month or one-year averaged NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 (p < 0.05). Metabolic pathways associated with air pollutants included fatty acid, steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan, and tyrosine metabolism. PCA of 35 metabolites identified three main PCs which together explained 44.4% of the variance, representing free fatty acids and oxidative byproducts, amino acids and organic acids. Linear regression indicated that the free fatty acids and oxidative byproducts-related PC score was associated with air pollutant exposure and outcomes of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05). This study suggests that exposure to NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 contributes to increased level of circulating free fatty acids, likely through increased adipose lipolysis, stress hormone and response to oxidative stress pathways. These alterations were associated with dysregulation of lipid profiles and potentially could contribute to dyslipidemia and other cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Liao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jesse Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yan Lin
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Fred Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology Inc., Petaluma, CA, United States
| | - Chenyu Qiu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lida Chazi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Hu M, Wei J, Hu Y, Guo X, Li Z, Liu Y, Li S, Xue Y, Li Y, Liu M, Wang L, Liu X. Long-term effect of submicronic particulate matter (PM 1) and intermodal particulate matter (PM 1-2.5) on incident dyslipidemia in China: A nationwide 5-year cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114860. [PMID: 36423667 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is insufficient evidence of associations between incident dyslipidemia with PM1 (submicronic particulate matter) and PM1-2.5 (intermodal particulate matter) in the middle-aged and elderly. We aimed to determine the long-term effects of PM1 and PM1-2.5 on incident dyslipidemia respectively. METHODS We studied 6976 individuals aged ≥45 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2013 to 2018. The concentrations of particular matter (PM) for every individual's address were evaluated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Dyslipidemia was evaluated by self-reported. The generalized linear mixed model was applied to quantify the correlations between PM and incident dyslipidemia. RESULTS After a 5-year follow-up, 333 (4.77%) participants developed dyslipidemia. Per 10 μg/m³ uptick in four-year average concentrations of PMs (PM1 and PM1-2.5) corresponded to 1.11 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.23)] and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06-1.43) fold risks of incident dyslipidemia. Nonlinear exposure-response curves were observed between PM and incident dyslipidemia. The effect size of PM1 on incident dyslipidemia was slightly higher in males [1.14 (95% CI: 0.98-1.32) vs. 1.04 (95% CI: 0.89-1.21)], the elderly [1.23 (95% CI: 1.04-1.45) vs. 1.03 (95% CI: 0.91-1.17)], people with less than primary school education [1.12 (95% CI: 0.94-1.33) vs. 1.08 (95% CI: 0.94-1.23)], and solid cooking fuel users [1.17 (95% CI: 1.00-1.36) vs. 1.06 (95% CI: 0.93-1.21)], however, the difference was not statistically significant (Z = -0.82, P = 0.413; Z = -1.66, P = 0.097; Z = 0.32, P = 0.752; Z = -0.89, P = 0.372). CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM1 and PM1-2.5 were linked with an increased morbidity of dyslipidemia in the middle-aged and elderly population. Males, the elderly, and solid cooking fuel users had higher risk. Further studies would be warranted to establish an accurate reference value of PM to mitigate growing dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Hu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, USA.
| | - Yaoyu Hu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Capital Medical University, China; Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia.
| | - Zhiwei Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Shuting Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yongxi Xue
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Food and Nutritional Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China.
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Sun J, Peng S, Li Z, Liu F, Wu C, Lu Y, Xiang H. Association of Short-Term Exposure to PM 2.5 with Blood Lipids and the Modification Effects of Insulin Resistance: A Panel Study in Wuhan. TOXICS 2022; 10:663. [PMID: 36355954 PMCID: PMC9698404 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Results of previous studies about the acute effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on blood lipids were inconsistent. This study aimed to quantify the short-term effects of PM2.5 on blood lipids and estimate the modifying role of insulin resistance, reflected by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). From September 2019 to January 2020, the study recruited 70 healthy adults from Wuhan University for a total of eight repeated data collections. At each visit, three consecutive days were monitored for personal exposure to PM2.5, and then a physical examination was carried out on the fourth day. The linear mixed-effect models were operated to investigate the impact of PM2.5 over diverse exposure windows on blood lipids. With the median of the HOMA-IR 1.820 as the cut-off point, participants were assigned to two groups for the interaction analyses. We found the overall mean level (standard deviation, SD) of PM2.5 was 38.34 (18.33) μg/m3. Additionally, with a 10 μg/m3 rise in PM2.5, the corresponding largest responses in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), were −0.91% (95% confidence interval (CI): −1.63%, −0.18%), −0.33% (95% CI: −0.64%, −0.01%,), −0.94% (95% CI: −1.53%, −0.35%), and 0.67% (95% CI: 0.32%, 1.02%), respectively. The interaction analyses revealed that a significantly greater reduction in the four lipids corresponded to PM2.5 exposure when in the group with the lower HOMA-IR (<1.820). In conclusion, short-term PM2.5 exposure over specific time windows among healthy adults was associated with reduced TG, TC, as well as LDL-C levels, and elevated HDL-C. Additionally, the association of PM2.5−lipids may be modulated by insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Sun
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shouxin Peng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Li
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chuangxin Wu
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1960 East West Rd., Biomed Bldg D105, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
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