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Negasheva MA, Khafizova AA, Movsesian AA. Secular trends in height, weight, and body mass index in the context of economic and political transformations in Russia from 1885 to 2021. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e23992. [PMID: 37724980 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study and analyze the impact of socio-economic factors on secular changes in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) among Moscow's youth over the time interval from the late 19th-early 20th century to the present. METHODS Anthropometric data, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected through surveys conducted on youths aged 17-20 years in Moscow from the 1880s for males and from the 1920s for females to the present. The dataset includes information on 6434 individuals surveyed from 2000 to 2019, as well as previously published mean values. Economic development indicators, such as gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, monthly average income per capita, and the Gini coefficient, were examined to analyze the association between secular trends in body size and socio-economic conditions. RESULTS A positive secular trend in height and weight has been observed among Moscow's youth from the early 20th century to the present. Substantial increases in height occurred during the second half of the previous century, stabilizing in the 2000s. Over the analyzed period, both average body weight and BMI values showed a consistent rise. The pattern for BMI exhibited a U-shaped trend, with a decline from the 1970s to the mid-1990s, followed by a subsequent increase. Strong correlations were found between the secular changes in body size among Moscow's youth and temporal fluctuations in key socio-economic indicators, including GDP per capita, monthly average income per capita, and the Gini coefficient. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates the significant influence of socio-economic conditions on intergenerational changes in body size, as evidenced by the positive secular trend in physique indicators (height, weight, and BMI) among Moscow's youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ainur A Khafizova
- Department of Anthropology, Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla A Movsesian
- Department of Anthropology, Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia
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Wu W, Chen J, Mo M, Si S, Huang K, Chen R, Maimaiti M, Chen S, Gong C, Zhu M, Wang C, Su Z, Liang Y, Yao H, Wei H, Zheng R, Du H, Yang Y, Luo F, Li P, Cui L, Dong G, Yu Y, Fu J. Construction of a new complete growth reference for urban Chinese children. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2345. [PMCID: PMC9749202 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growth chart is a valuable clinical tool to monitor the growth and nutritional status of children. A growth chart widely used in China is based on the merged data sets of national surveys in 2005. We aimed to establish an up-to-date, complete growth curve for urban Chinese children and adolescents with a full range of ages. Methods Using data collected in a large-scale, cross-sectional study (Prevalence and Risk factors for Obesity and Diabetes in Youth (PRODY), 2017–2019), we analyzed 201,098 urban children aged 3 to 18 years from 11 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities that are geographically representative of China. All participants underwent physical examinations. Sex-specific percentiles of height-for-age and weight-for-age were constructed by Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) model. We also compared the median values of height-for-age or weight-for-age between our growth chart and the established growth reference using Welch-Satterthwaite T-Test. Results Consistent with the established growth reference, we observed that the P50 percentile of height-for-age reached plateaus at the age of 15 years (172 cm) and 14 years (160 cm) for boys and girls, respectively. In addition, boys aged 10 ~ 14 years and girls aged 10 ~ 12 years exhibited the most dramatic weight difference compared to those of other age groups (19.5 kg and 10.3 kg, respectively). However, our growth chart had higher median values of weight-for-age and height-for-age than the established growth reference with mean increases in weight-for-age of 1.36 kg and 1.17 kg for boys and girls, respectively, and in height-for-age of 2.9 cm and 2.6 cm for boys and girls, respectively. Conclusions Our updated growth chart can serve as a reliable reference to assess the growth and nutritional status in urban Chinese children throughout the entire childhood. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14702-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - JingNan Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - MinJia Mo
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China
| | - Shuting Si
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China
| | - Ke Huang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - RuiMin Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children’s Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mireguli Maimaiti
- grid.412631.3Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - ShaoKe Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanning Women and Children’s Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Chunxiu Gong
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- grid.488412.3Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - ChunLin Wang
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Su
- grid.452787.b0000 0004 1806 5224Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Liang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Women and Children’s Health Care Center, Wuhan, China
| | - HaiYan Wei
- grid.490612.8Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - RongXiu Zheng
- grid.412645.00000 0004 1757 9434Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - HongWei Du
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Pediatrics, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Yang
- grid.459437.8Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - FeiHong Luo
- grid.411333.70000 0004 0407 2968Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pin Li
- grid.415625.10000 0004 0467 3069Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - LanWei Cui
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - GuanPing Dong
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
| | - YunXian Yu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China
| | - Junfen Fu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052 Zhejiang China
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Duan X, Zhou YN, Chen Y. Trends in growth and nutritional status of high school graduates in Hangzhou, China, 2011-2020. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:830. [PMID: 35468820 PMCID: PMC9040213 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During past decades, there was a positive trend in growth and nutrition status of adolescents in China, but there was significant regional disparity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends in growth and nutritional status of high school graduates in Hangzhou between 2011 and 2020. Methods High school graduates (Grade 12) who finished the physical examination of the national college entrance examination between 2011 and 2020 (n=481,353)were included in this study. Data were obtained from the database of physical examination of the national college entrance exam. Height and weight were measured; body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight. Thinness, overweight and obesity were defined according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. For the vast majority of the high school graduates were 18 years old or nearly 18 years old, the cutoffs of 18 years were adopted. Those are 18.5, 25 and 30 kg/m2, for thinness, overweight and obesity respectively. Results There was a significant growth trend in height, weight and BMI in both sexes (P < 0.001). Height increased by 1.80 cm in boys and 1.45 cm in girls. Weight increased by 4.62 kg in boys and 2.51 kg in girls. BMI increased by 1.09 kg/m2 in boys and 0.60 kg/m2 in girls. An increase trend was found in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in both sexes (P < 0.001). Overweight increased by 7.43% (from 9.05 to 16.48%) among boys and 4.05% (from 4.57 to 8.62%) among girls. Obesity increased by 3.85% (from 2.29 to 6.14%) among boys and 1.76% (from 0.64 to 2.40%) among girls. The prevalence of thinness fluctuated in both boys and girls, 12.42–15.59% among boys and 18.97–23.68% among girls. Boys had higher odds of overweight and obesity and lower odds of thinness than girls (P < 0.001). Conclusions There is a positive trend in growth and nutritional status of high school graduates in Hangzhou. However, there is still a considerable prevalence of thinness, it indicates a double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Zhou
- Hangzhou Education Examination Authority, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Hangzhou Education Examination Authority, Hangzhou, China
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Rahmawati NT, Hastuti J. Secular Change in Body Size and Somatotype of Indonesian Children aged 7–15 Years (1999–2019). Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Secular changes assessment can help identifying the quality of health, wealth, and nutrition among populations and provide suggestions for policymakers.
AIM: To examine the secular changes in weight, height, body mass index, and somatotype in Indonesian children between 1999 and 2019.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1999 and 2019 on 2021 children aged 7–15 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, humerus and femur breadths, circumferences of upper arm and calf; skinfold thickness of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and calf were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. Somatotype components were defined by the Carter-Heath method. Statistical analyses used were three-ways ANOVA and least significant difference post hoc tests.
RESULTS: Significant differences for boys and girls were found for height, weight, BMI, and three components of somatotype across the 2-time points. The boys in period 2019 were the tallest and girls were the heaviest, and for BMI, the highest value was observed in 2019 (girls). The children in the 1999 period had somatotype values 3.3 - 3.3 - 3.7 (boys) and 3.9 - 3.0 - 3.5 (girls), while in the 2019 period the somatotype values for boys were 3.5 - 4.5 - 3.0 and 4.3 - 4.1 - 2.4 for girls.
CONCLUSION: In general, based on the order of age, there is a similar pattern between children in the two periods. Among Indonesian children from 1999 to 2019, there were positive trends in weight, BMI, endomorph, and mesomorph components, whereas a negative trend for the ectomorph component.
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Yu L, Chen W. The Effect of Boarding on Obesity Among Middle School Students: Evidence From China. Am J Health Promot 2020; 35:186-192. [PMID: 32851846 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120951054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper examines the effect of boarding on obesity among middle school students at boarding schools. DESIGN Quantitative, cross-sectional study. SETTING Data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) were analyzed. The CEPS samples middle school students from 7th grade to 9th grade in China. SUBJECTS The final sample included 3,892 observations of boarding school students. MEASURES Measures included body mass index (BMI) that determined obesity, boarding status, demographic information, and instruments for boarding status. ANALYSIS The instrumental variables approach based on the 2 stage least squares (2SLS) methodology was utilized. The endogenous models and the extended probit models were also applied to the data to confirm the robustness of the results. RESULTS Boarding has a significant negative effect on obesity for middle school boys but a smaller negative effect on obesity for middle school girls. Boarding was estimated to reduce obesity by roughly 14% (p < 0.01) among middle school boys and 6% (p > 0.1) among middle school girls. The overall estimated effect based on the pooled sample was about 10% (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION School or government policies that encourage boarding at school can reduce obesity among middle school students, at least for middle school boys. Boarding at school can be a positive factor in preventing and controlling obesity among middle school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyue Yu
- School of Economics and Management, 47829Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Economics, 6963Lewis University, Romeoville, IL, USA
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He Q, Li X, Wang R. Childhood obesity in China: Does grandparents' coresidence matter? ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2018; 29:56-63. [PMID: 29482154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity in China has been increasingly cited as a major public health issue in recent decades. The effect of grandparents on grandchildren's weight outcome is under-analyzed. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we examine the effect of grandparents' coresidence on childhood weight outcome with a sample of 2-13-year-old children in China. We use instrumental variables to address the potential endogeneity of grandparents' coresidence. We show that the effect of grandparents' coresidence on childhood weight outcome is significantly positive. Grandparents' coresidence affects a grandchild's weight outcome through changes in dietary patterns and physical activity. The effects on dietary patterns exist in urban areas and significantly lower in rural areas. Grandparents' coresidence decreases physical activity more in rural areas than in urban areas. Furthermore, the effects of coresidence on protein intake and physical activities of children above 6 are significantly higher for males than females. A robustness check, including an ordered logit model with a body mass index category and estimation with additional data, validates our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying He
- College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xun Li
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Luojia Hill, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Economics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70130, USA
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Zhang J, Hu X, Shan G. Spirometry reference values for population aged 7-80 years in China. Respirology 2017; 22:1630-1636. [PMID: 28681568 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lung function tests are widely used in clinical and public health practice; however, no valid spirometry reference values were available for the general population in China. This study aimed to provide valid spirometry predictive equations for the general population in China, and to evaluate the predictive performance of previously used equations. METHODS Data from the China National Health Survey 2012-2015 and the 'Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape' statistical modelling method were used to establish spirometry predictive equations for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 /FVC. Paired t-tests were used to examine differences between spirometry measurements in this sample and predicted values of four previous spirometry predictive equations. RESULTS This study included 3130 lifetime non-smokers (713 males and 2417 females) aged 7-80 years in China. Spirometry predictive equations with age and height as predictive variables plus age-specific splines were established separately by gender. Most previous spirometry predictive equations were found to significantly overestimate (maximum of 3.69% in FEV1 , 1.87% in FVC and 4.19% in FEV1 /FVC for males; 11.46% in FEV1 , 7.28% in FVC and 3.78% in FEV1 /FVC for females) or underestimate (maximum of 5.75% in FEV1 and 8.12% in FVC for males; 7.89% in FEV1 and 9.32% in FVC for females) lung function measurements when applied to this sample population. CONCLUSION This study addressed the urgent need for valid and up-to-date spirometry reference values for the general population in China. Moreover, previous spirometry predictive equations showed unfavourable generalizability to this sample population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Advanced Professional MPH Program, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Baten J. Economics, human biology and inequality: A review of "puzzles" and recent contributions from a Deatonian perspective. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2017; 25:3-8. [PMID: 27908610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Nobel laureate Angus Deaton concentrated his work on puzzling developments and phenomena in economics. Puzzles are exciting elements in economics, because readers feel challenged by the question of how they can be solved. Among the puzzles analyzed by Deaton are: (1) Mortality increase of white, U.S. non-Hispanic men (2000 to today); (2) Why are height and income sometimes closely correlated, but not always?; (3) Height inequality among males and females; and (4) The Indian puzzle of declining consumption of calories during overall expenditure growth. This article reviews these "puzzles" and the main insights that Deaton derived from their discussion insofar as they pertain to the biological aspects of human development. I will focus on the field of this journal, Economics and Human Biology, in which Deaton has been very active over the last two decades. I will also document some of the responses by other scholars and their contributions to these puzzles, as they relate to the field of economics and human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Baten
- University of Tübingen, CEPR and CESifo, Germany.
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Aurino E. Do boys eat better than girls in India? Longitudinal evidence on dietary diversity and food consumption disparities among children and adolescents. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2017; 25:99-111. [PMID: 27810442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines the dynamics of gender-based disparities in the intra-household allocation of food during childhood and adolescence in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana by using three rounds of longitudinal data from two cohorts. While boys are advantaged at all ages (except for the Younger Cohort at 12 years old), the pro-boy gap widens markedly at 15 years old. Specifically, mid-adolescent girls tend to consume fewer protein- and vitamin-rich foods such as eggs, legumes, root vegetables and fruit. This result is robust to gender differences between adolescents in terms of puberty onset, school enrolment, time use and dietary behaviours. Finally, gender disparities in dietary diversity during early and mid-adolescence do not vary by maternal education, poverty or place of residence, whilst they are moderated by levels of caregiver's educational aspirations at 15 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Aurino
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom; Department of International Development, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
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