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Szakonyi Z, Raji M, Le TM, Csámpai A, Nagy V, Zupkó I. Stereoselective Synthesis and Applications of Pinane-Based Chiral 1,4-Amino Alcohol Derivatives. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new library of pinane-based 1,4-amino alcohols was synthesised and utilised as chiral ligands in enantioselective diethylzinc addition to benzaldehyde. Aldol condensation of (+)-nopinone, derived from (–)-β-pinene, with 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde gave the key intermediate α,β-unsaturated ketone, which was transformed in diastereoselective reduction, followed by hydrogenation, resulting in 1,4-amino alcohols. On the other hand, epoxidation of the α,β-unsaturated ketone, followed by reduction and then hydrogenation of the pyridine ring, afforded a mixture of 4-amino-2,3-epoxy-1-ols. Stereoselective hydride reduction of the epoxy ketone and subsequent condensation of the resulting products with substituted benzyl bromides provided quaternary ammonium salts, which were subjected to hydride reduction and then hydrogenation, affording 4-amino-2,3-epoxy-1-ol derivatives containing an N-benzylpiperidine moiety. The inhibition of nucleophile-initiated opening of the oxirane ring was interpreted by a systematic series of comparative Hartree–Fock modelling study using the 6-31+G(d,p) basis set. The antiproliferative activities of 4-amino-2,3-epoxy-1-ol derivatives were examined, and structure–activity relationships were studied from the aspects of the stereochemistry of the oxirane ring, saturation, and substituent effects on the piperidine ring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Szakonyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center
| | - Mounir Raji
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center
| | - Tam Minh Le
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Science
| | | | - Viktória Nagy
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged
| | - István Zupkó
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged
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Kadagathur M, Patra S, Sigalapalli DK, Shankaraiah N, Tangellamudi ND. Syntheses and medicinal chemistry of azepinoindolones: a look back to leap forward. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:738-764. [PMID: 33459333 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02181d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds constitute nearly 75% of small molecules which favorably act as drug candidates. For the past few decades, numerous natural and synthetic indole-based scaffolds have been reported for their diverse pharmacological profiles. In particular, indole-fused azepines, termed azepinoindolones, have come under the radar of medicinal chemists owing to their synthetic and pharmacological importance. A plethora of literature reports has been generated thereof, which calls for the need for the compilation of information to understand their current status in drug discovery. Accumulating reports of evidence suggest that compounds containing this privileged scaffold display their cytotoxic effects via inhibition of kinase, topoisomerase I, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH), and tubulin polymerization and as DNA minor groove binding agents. Herein, we endeavor to present a closer look at the advancements of various synthetic and derivatization methods of azepinoindolone-based compounds. We have further extended our efforts to discuss the pharmacological effects of azepinoindolones in the whole range of medicinal chemistry as anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, and antipyranosomal agents and as drug delivery vectors. Our analysis of recent advances reveals that azepinoindolones will continue to serve as potential pharmaceutical modalities in the years to come and their substantial pool of synthetic methods will be ever expanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Kadagathur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037, India.
| | - Sandip Patra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037, India.
| | - Dilep Kumar Sigalapalli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037, India.
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037, India.
| | - Neelima D Tangellamudi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037, India.
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3
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Bacher F, Wittmann C, Nové M, Spengler G, Marć MA, Enyedy EA, Darvasiová D, Rapta P, Reiner T, Arion VB. Novel latonduine derived proligands and their copper(ii) complexes show cytotoxicity in the nanomolar range in human colon adenocarcinoma cells and in vitro cancer selectivity. Dalton Trans 2020; 48:10464-10478. [PMID: 31125040 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four Schiff bases derived from 7-hydrazin-yl-5,8-dihydroindolo[2,3-d][2]benzazepin-(6H)-one and its bromo-substituted analogue (HL1-HL4) and four copper(ii) complexes 1-4 have been synthesised and fully characterised by standard spectroscopic methods (1H and 13C NMR, UV-vis), ESI mass spectrometry, single crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroelectrochemistry. In addition, two previously reported complexes with paullone ligands 5 and 6 were prepared and studied for comparison reasons. The CuII ion in 1-4 is five-coordinate and adopts a square-pyramidal or slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The ligands HL1-4 act as tridentate, the other two coordination places are occupied by two chlorido co-ligands. The organic ligands in 2 and 3 are bound tighter to copper(ii) when compared to related paullone ligands in 5 and 6. The new compounds show very strong cytotoxic activity against human colon adenocarcinoma doxorubicin-sensitive Colo 205 and multidrug resistant Colo 320 cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the low micromolar to nanomolar concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christopher Wittmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Márta Nové
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Małgorzata A Marć
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Denisa Darvasiová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY 10065, USA and Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, USA and Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Singh AK, Raj V, Saha S. Indole-fused azepines and analogues as anticancer lead molecules: Privileged findings and future directions. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:244-265. [PMID: 28803677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The search for new lead compounds of simple structure, displaying highest quality anti-tumor potency with new mechanisms of action and least adverse effects is the major intention of cancer drug discovery now a days. For the time being, indole-fused azepines emerged as a simple class of compounds prolifically designed with strong pharmacological significances in particular of cancer protecting ability. In the recent years from the efforts of our research group, indole-fused heteroazepines, a simple structural class achieved by fusion of indole with oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen containing heteroazepine rings, have known for its superior outcomes in cancer treatment. Surprisingly, the chemistry and biology of these unique families with an amazing role in cancer drug discovery has remained broadly unexplored. This short review is consequently an endeavor to highlight the preliminary ideas over this structural class and to draw the medical attention towards future development of indole-fused azepines and analogues for their promising function in cancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
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Kaur N, Anand A, Kishore D. A Facile Synthesis of Face “D” Quinolino Annulated Benzazepinone Analogues with Its Quinoline Framework Appended To Oxadiazole, Triazole and Pyrazole Heterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Banasthali University; Banasthali 304022 Raj India
| | - Aditi Anand
- Department of Chemistry; Banasthali University; Banasthali 304022 Raj India
| | - Dharma Kishore
- Department of Chemistry; Banasthali University; Banasthali 304022 Raj India
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Denis JG, Franci G, Altucci L, Aurrecoechea JM, de Lera ÁR, Álvarez R. Synthesis of 7-alkylidene-7,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-d]benzazepine-6-(5H)-ones (7-alkylidene-paullones) by N-cyclization–oxidative Heck cascade and characterization as sirtuin modulators. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2800-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-induced cascade of N-cyclization and oxidative Heck reaction of o-alkynylanilines produced 7-alkylidene-indolobenzazepinones (paullones) that have sirtuin modulation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Denis
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química (CINBIO) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV)
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo
- Spain
| | - G. Franci
- Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli
- Dipartimento di Biochimica
- Biofisica e Patologia generale
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - L. Altucci
- Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli
- Dipartimento di Biochimica
- Biofisica e Patologia generale
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - J. M. Aurrecoechea
- Departamento de Química Orgánica II
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología
- Universidad del País Vasco
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Á. R. de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química (CINBIO) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV)
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo
- Spain
| | - R. Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química (CINBIO) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV)
- Universidade de Vigo
- 36310 Vigo
- Spain
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Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Green IR, Gibbons S. Fruitful decade for antileishmanial compounds from 2002 to late 2011. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10369-428. [PMID: 25253511 DOI: 10.1021/cr400552x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa , P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
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Maiwald F, Benítez D, Charquero D, Dar MA, Erdmann H, Preu L, Koch O, Hölscher C, Loaëc N, Meijer L, Comini MA, Kunick C. 9- and 11-Substituted 4-azapaullones are potent and selective inhibitors of African trypanosoma. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:274-83. [PMID: 24973661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomes from the "brucei" complex are pathogenic parasites endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and causative agents of severe diseases in humans and livestock. In order to identify new antitrypanosomal chemotypes against African trypanosomes, 4-azapaullones carrying α,β-unsaturated carbonyl chains in 9- or 11-position were synthesized employing a procedure with a Heck reaction as key step. Among the so prepared compounds, 5a and 5e proved to be potent antiparasitic agents with antitrypanosomal activity in the submicromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Maiwald
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Charquero
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mahin Abad Dar
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Hanna Erdmann
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Lutz Preu
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Koch
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Nadège Loaëc
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Conrad Kunick
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Ooi KL, Muhammad TST, Sulaiman SF. Physalin F from Physalis minima L. triggers apoptosis-based cytotoxic mechanism in T-47D cells through the activation caspase-3- and c-myc-dependent pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:382-388. [PMID: 24051023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalin F (a secosteroid derivative), is well recognized as a potent anticancer compound from Physalis minima L., a plant that is traditionally used to treat cancer. However, the exact molecular anticancer mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY We have recently reported the apoptosis-based cytotoxic effect of the chloroform extract of this plant. Here, we investigated the cytotoxicity and possible cell death mechanism elicited by the active constituent, physalin F on human breast T-47D carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxic-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract of Physalis minima has led to the isolation of physalin F. The cytotoxicity activity was assayed using MTS assay. The effect of the compound to induce apoptosis was determined by biochemical and morphological observations through DeadEnd Colorimetric and annexin V assays, respectively, and RT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression of the apoptotic-associated genes. RESULTS Cytotoxicity screening of physalin F displayed a remarkable dose-dependent inhibitory effect on T-47D cells with lower EC50 value (3.60 μg/ml) than the crude extract. mRNA expression analysis revealed the co-regulation of c-myc- and caspase-3-apoptotic genes in the treated cells with the peak expression at 9 and 12h of treatment, respectively. This apoptotic mechanism is reconfirmed by DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine externalization. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that physalin F may potentially act as a chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent by triggering apoptosis mechanism via the activation of caspase-3 and c-myc pathways in T-47D cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kheng Leong Ooi
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
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Xu D, Nie Y, Liang X, Ji L, Hu S, You Q, Wang F, Ye H, Wang J. A Concise and Efficient Total Synthesis of α-Mangostin and β-Mangostin from Garcinia Mangostana. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The concise, efficient synthesis of α-mangostin is described in eight simple steps with 8.3% overall yield. Highlights include a practical approach to construct the isopentene groups and other diverse groups at C–2 and C–8 of the xanthene skeleton through Claisen rearrangement and Wittig reaction. Meanwhile the first total synthesis of β-mangostin is presented with a similar approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xu
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Ying Nie
- Pharmacy Experimental Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Xizhou Liang
- Simcere Dongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 10 Tianpu Road, Nanjing, China 211800
| | - Ling Ji
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Songyuan Hu
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Qidong You
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Fan Wang
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Hongchun Ye
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China 210009
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Ryczak J, Papini M, Lader A, Nasereddin A, Kopelyanskiy D, Preu L, Jaffe CL, Kunick C. 2-Arylpaullones are selective antitrypanosomal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:396-400. [PMID: 23648975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Antileishmanial paullone-chalcone hybrid molecules display antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense blood stream forms, albeit with low selectivity against human THP-1 cells. In order to develop less toxic analogues, paullones with acrylamide or aryl substituents in 2-position were synthesized, of which the latter exhibited potent antiparasitic activity with excellent selectivity profiles. The most potent compound identified in this study was 9-tert-butyl-2-(4-morpholinophenyl)paullone (3i) which inhibited the parasites at submicromolar concentrations (GI50 = 510 nM) with a selectivity index of 157.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Ryczak
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Fugel W, Oberholzer AE, Gschloessl B, Dzikowski R, Pressburger N, Preu L, Pearl LH, Baratte B, Ratin M, Okun I, Doerig C, Kruggel S, Lemcke T, Meijer L, Kunick C. 3,6-Diamino-4-(2-halophenyl)-2-benzoylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitriles are selective inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Med Chem 2013; 56:264-75. [PMID: 23214499 DOI: 10.1021/jm301575n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum is the infective agent responsible for malaria tropica. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 of the parasite (PfGSK-3) was suggested as a potential biological target for novel antimalarial drugs. Starting from hit structures identified in a high-throughput screening campaign, 3,6-diamino-4-(2-halophenyl)-2-benzoylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitriles were discovered as a new class of PfGSK-3 inhibitors. Being less active on GSK-3 homologues of other species, the title compounds showed selectivity in favor of PfGSK-3. Taking into account the X-ray structure of a related molecule in complex with human GSK-3 (HsGSK-3), a model was computed for the comparison of inhibitor complexes with the plasmodial and human enzymes. It was found that subtle differences in the ATP-binding pockets are responsible for the observed PfGSK-3 vs HsGSK-3 selectivity. Representatives of the title compound class exhibited micromolar IC₅₀ values against P. falciparum erythrocyte stage parasites. These results suggest that inhibitors of PfGSK-3 could be developed as potential antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Fugel
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Kumar M, Sharma K, Fogla AK, Sharma K, Rathore M. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2,4-diaryl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepines. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Determann R, Dreher J, Baumann K, Preu L, Jones PG, Totzke F, Schächtele C, Kubbutat MHG, Kunick C. 2-Anilino-4-(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyrimidines--a multikinase inhibitor scaffold with antiproliferative activity toward cancer cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 53:254-63. [PMID: 22560627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
2-Anilino-4-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-pyrimidines, synthesized by reaction of a readily available benzimidazole-substituted enaminone with suitable arylguanidines, were shown to inhibit four cancer-related protein kinases (Aurora B, PLK1, FAK, and VEGF-R2). The most potent derivative exhibited antiproliferative activity for several cancer cell lines of the NCI in vitro cell line panel in submicromolar concentrations. Both the anilinopyrimidine structure and the substitution pattern at the aniline ring appear to be important for the protein kinase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Determann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Tsareva DA, Osolodkin DI, Shulga DA, Oliferenko AA, Pisarev SA, Palyulin VA, Zefirov NS. General Purpose Electronegativity Relaxation Charge Models Applied to CoMFA and CoMSIA Study of GSK-3 Inhibitors. Mol Inform 2011; 30:169-80. [DOI: 10.1002/minf.201000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Filak LK, Mühlgassner G, Bacher F, Roller A, Galanski M, Jakupec MA, Keppler BK, Arion VB. Ruthenium- and Osmium-Arene Complexes of 2-Substituted Indolo[3,2-c]quinolines: Synthesis, Structure, Spectroscopic Properties, and Antiproliferative Activity. Organometallics 2010; 30:273-283. [PMID: 21253447 PMCID: PMC3022494 DOI: 10.1021/om101004z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The synthesis of new modified indolo[3,2-c]quinoline ligands L1−L8 with metal-binding sites is reported. By coordination to ruthenium− and osmium−arene moieties 16 complexes of the type [(η6-p-cymene)M(L)Cl]Cl (1a,b−8a,b), where M is RuII or OsII and L is L1−L8, have been prepared. All compounds were comprehensively characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, IR, UV−vis, and NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (2a, 4a, 4b, 5a, 7a, and 7b). The complexes were tested for antiproliferative activity in vitro in three human cancer cell lines, namely, CH1 (ovarian carcinoma), SW480 (colon adenocarcinoma), and A549 (non-small-cell lung cancer), yielding IC50 values in the submicromolar or low micromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas K Filak
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Osolodkin DI, Shulga DA, Tsareva DA, Oliferenko AA, Palyulin VA, Zefirov NS. The choice of atomic charges calculation scheme in 3D-QSAR modelling of GSK-3β inhibition by paullones. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2010; 434:274-8. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672910050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Becker A, Kohfeld S, Lader A, Preu L, Pies T, Wieking K, Ferandin Y, Knockaert M, Meijer L, Kunick C. Development of 5-benzylpaullones and paullone-9-carboxylic acid alkyl esters as selective inhibitors of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH). Eur J Med Chem 2009; 45:335-42. [PMID: 19906467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A collection of paullones was tested for inhibitory activity against mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH) as a biological target for antiproliferative activity. Based on the results of this screening, 5-benzylpaullones and paullone-9-carboxylic acid alkyl esters were developed as selective mMDH inhibitors. The new derivatives did not show noteworthy antiproliferative activity when tested on a panel of cancer cell lines, suggesting that mMDH inhibition is of minor relevance for the growth inhibition caused by paullones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Becker
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstrasse 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Reichwald C, Shimony O, Dunkel U, Sacerdoti-Sierra N, Jaffe CL, Kunick C. 2-(3-aryl-3-oxopropen-1-yl)-9-tert-butyl-paullones: a new antileishmanial chemotype. J Med Chem 2008; 51:659-65. [PMID: 18186603 DOI: 10.1021/jm7012166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A screening program directed to find new agents against Leishmania donovani, the parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis, revealed that paullones attenuate the proliferation of axenic amastigotes. Because these structures were not active in a test system involving infected macrophages, a structure optimization campaign was carried out. Concomitant introduction of an unsaturated side chain into the 2-position and a tert-butyl substituent into the 9-position of the parent scaffold led to compounds inhibiting also parasites dwelling in macrophages. By inclusion of the so elaborated scaffold into a chalcone substructure, the toxicity against uninfected host cells was significantly reduced. For the synthesis of this new compound class, a novel modification of the Heck-type palladium-catalyzed C,C-cross coupling strategy was used, employing a ketone Mannich base as precursor for the alkene reactant. The so-prepared compounds exhibited improved antileishmanial activity both on axenic amastigotes (GI50 < 1 microM) as well as on parasites in infected macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Reichwald
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstrasse 55, Braunschweig, Germany
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Tymoshenko D. Chapter 1 Benzoheteropines with Fused Pyrrole, Furan and Thiophene Rings. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(07)00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kóňa J. Theoretical study on the mechanism of a ring-opening reaction of oxirane by the active-site aspartic dyad of HIV-1 protease. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:359-65. [DOI: 10.1039/b715828a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Kohfeld S, Jones PG, Totzke F, Schächtele C, Kubbutat MHG, Kunick C. 1-Aryl-4,6-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-d][1]benzazepin-5(1H)-ones: a new class of antiproliferative agents with selectivity for human leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:1317-24. [PMID: 17448574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2006] [Revised: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 1-aryl-4,6-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-d][1]benzazepin-5(1H)-ones by cyclization of 4-[(dimethylamino)methylidene]-3,4-dihydro-1H-[1]benzazepine-2,5-dione with arylhydrazines is reported. When tested on a panel of human cancer cell lines, the title compounds showed antiproliferative activity and a characteristic selectivity pattern of growth inhibition. Although structurally akin to established kinase inhibitors, the new compounds did not exhibit noteworthy inhibitory activity when tested on an array of cancer-related kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kohfeld
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstrasse 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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