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Ihnatenko I, Müller MJ, Orban OCF, Lindhof JC, Benítez D, Ortíz C, Dibello E, Seidl LL, Comini MA, Kunick C. The indole motif is essential for the antitrypanosomal activity of N5-substituted paullones. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292946. [PMID: 38032881 PMCID: PMC10688702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe infections with potentially fatal outcomes are caused by parasites from the genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania (class Kinetoplastea). The diseases affect people of remote areas in the tropics and subtropics with limited access to adequate health care. Besides insufficient diagnostics, treatment options are limited, with tenuous developments in recent years. Therefore, new antitrypanosomal antiinfectives are required to fight these maladies. In the presented approach, new compounds were developed and tested on the target trypanothione synthetase (TryS). This enzyme is crucial to the kinetoplastids' unique trypanothione-based thiol redox metabolism and thus for pathogen survival. Preceding studies have shown that N5-substituted paullones display antitrypanosomal activity as well as TryS inhibition. Herein, this compound class was further examined regarding the structure-activity relationships (SAR). Diverse benzazepinone derivatives were designed and tested in cell-based assays on bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T. b. brucei) and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) as well as in enzyme-based assays on L. infantum TryS (LiTryS) and T. b. brucei TryS (TbTryS). While an exchange of just the substituent in the 9-position of paullones led to potent inhibitors on LiTryS and T. b. brucei parasites, new compounds lacking the indole moiety showed a total loss of activity in both assays. Conclusively, the indole as part of the paullone structure is pivotal for keeping the TryS inhibitory and antitrypanosomal activity of this substance class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ihnatenko
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marco J Müller
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver C F Orban
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jens C Lindhof
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Ortíz
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Estefanía Dibello
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leonardo L Seidl
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Conrad Kunick
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Herrera M, Benítez D, Pérez-Pérez N, Di Teodoro A, Camacho O. Hybrid Controller Based on Numerical Methods for Chemical Processes with a Long Time Delay. ACS Omega 2023; 8:25236-25253. [PMID: 37483182 PMCID: PMC10357567 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid control framework is proposed as an alternative for long time delays in chemical processes. The hybrid approach mixes the numerical methods in an internal mode control (IMC) structure, which uses the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve the adjustment of the controller parameters. Simulation tests are carried out on linear systems of high order and inverse response, both with dominant delay, and tests on a nonlinear process (chemical reactor). The performance of the proposed controller is stable and satisfactory despite nonlinearities in various operating conditions, set-point changes, process disturbances, and modeling errors. In addition, experimental tests were performed on a setup composed of two heaters and two temperature sensors mounted on an Arduino microcontroller-based board called the Temperature Control Laboratory (TCLab), with an additional software delay introduced. The merits and drawbacks of each scheme are analyzed using radar charts, comparing the control methods with different performance measures for set-point and disturbance changes. Furthermore, the new controller uses PSO to improve the tuning parameters.
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Ballesteros-Casallas A, Quiroga C, Ortiz C, Benítez D, Denis PA, Figueroa D, Salas CO, Bertrand J, Tapia RA, Sánchez P, Miscione GP, Comini MA, Paulino M. Mode of action of p-quinone derivatives with trypanocidal activity studied by experimental and in silico models. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114926. [PMID: 36508970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Quinones are attractive pharmacological scaffolds for developing new agents for the treatment of different transmissible and non-transmissible human diseases due to their capacity to alter the cell redox homeostasis. The bioactivity and potential mode of action of 19 p-quinone derivatives fused to different aromatic rings (carbo or heterocycles) and harboring distinct substituents were investigated in infective Trypanosoma brucei brucei. All the compounds, except for a furanequinone (EC50=38 μM), proved to be similarly or even more potent (EC50 = 0.5-5.5 μM) than the clinical drug nifurtimox (EC50 = 5.3 μM). Three furanequinones and one thiazolequinone displayed a higher selectivity than nifurtimox. Two of these selective hits resulted potent inhibitors of T. cruzi proliferation (EC50=0.8-1.1 μM) but proved inactive against Leishmania infantum amastigotes. Most of the p-quinones induced a rapid and marked intracellular oxidation in T. b. brucei. DFT calculations on the oxidized quinone (Q), semiquinone (Q•-) and hydroquinone (QH2) suggest that all quinones have negative ΔG for the formation of Q•-. Qualitative and quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses in two or three dimensions of different electronic and biophysical descriptors of quinones and their corresponding bioactivities (killing potency and oxidative capacity) were performed. Charge distribution over the quinone ring carbons of Q and Q.- and the frontier orbitals energies of SUMO (Q.-) and LUMO (Q) correlate with their oxidative and trypanocidal activity. QSAR analysis also highlighted that both bromine substitution in the p-quinone ring and a bulky phenyl group attached to the furane and thiazole rings (which generates a negative charge due to the π electron system polarized by the nearby heteroatoms) are favorable for activity. By combining experimental and in silico procedures, this study disclosed important information about p-quinones that may help to rationally tune their electronic properties and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Ballesteros-Casallas
- COBO, Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 18A-12, Bogotá, 111711, Colombia; Bioinformatics Center, DETEMA Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Cristina Quiroga
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Ortiz
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Pablo A Denis
- Computational Nanotechnology, DETEMA Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - David Figueroa
- COBO, Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 18A-12, Bogotá, 111711, Colombia
| | - Cristian O Salas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 6094411, Chile
| | - Jeanluc Bertrand
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 6094411, Chile
| | - Ricardo A Tapia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 6094411, Chile
| | - Patricio Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 6094411, Chile
| | - Gian Pietro Miscione
- COBO, Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 18A-12, Bogotá, 111711, Colombia.
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Margot Paulino
- Bioinformatics Center, DETEMA Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay.
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Parra C, Grijalva F, Núñez B, Núñez A, Pérez N, Benítez D. Automatic identification of intestinal parasites in reptiles using microscopic stool images and convolutional neural networks. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271529. [PMID: 35925986 PMCID: PMC9352023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Captive environments trigger the propagation and multiplication of parasites among different reptile species, thus weakening their immune response and causing infections and diseases. Technological advances of convolutional neural networks have opened a new field for detecting and classifying diseases which have shown great potential to overcome the shortcomings of manual detection performed by experts. Therefore, we propose an approach to identify six captive reptiles parasitic agents (Ophionyssus natricis, Blastocystis sp, Oxiurdo egg, Rhytidoides similis, Strongyloides, Taenia) or the absence of such parasites from a microscope stool images dataset. Towards this end, we first use an image segmentation stage to detect the parasite within the image, which combines the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) technique, the OTSU binarization method, and morphological operations. Then, we carry out a classification stage through MobileNet CNN under a transfer learning scheme. This method was validated on a stool image dataset containing 3616 images data samples and 26 videos from the six parasites mentioned above. The results obtained indicate that our transfer learning-based approach can learn a helpful representation from the dataset. We obtained an average accuracy of 94.26% across the seven classes (i.e., six parasitic agents and the absence of parasites), which statistically outperformed, at a 95% confidence level, a custom CNN trained from scratch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Parra
- NuCom, Nuevas Comunicaciones Iberia S.A., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Grijalva
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences (FICA), Telecommunications Engineering, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador
- Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicaciones y Redes de Información (DETRI), Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara, Quito, Ecuador
- * E-mail:
| | - Bryan Núñez
- Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicaciones y Redes de Información (DETRI), Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandra Núñez
- Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - Noel Pérez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diego Benítez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
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Benítez D, Franco J, Sardi F, Leyva A, Durán R, Choi G, Yang G, Kim T, Kim N, Heo J, Kim K, Lee H, Choi I, Radu C, Shum D, No JH, Comini MA. Drug-like molecules with anti-trypanothione synthetase activity identified by high throughput screening. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:912-929. [PMID: 35306933 PMCID: PMC8942522 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2045590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanothione synthetase (TryS) catalyses the synthesis of N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine (trypanothione), which is the main low molecular mass thiol supporting several redox functions in trypanosomatids. TryS attracts attention as molecular target for drug development against pathogens causing severe and fatal diseases in mammals. A drug discovery campaign aimed to identify and characterise new inhibitors of TryS with promising biological activity was conducted. A large compound library (n = 51,624), most of them bearing drug-like properties, was primarily screened against TryS from Trypanosoma brucei (TbTryS). With a true-hit rate of 0.056%, several of the TbTryS hits (IC50 from 1.2 to 36 µM) also targeted the homologue enzyme from Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi (IC50 values from 2.6 to 40 µM). Calmidazolium chloride and Ebselen stand out for their multi-species anti-TryS activity at low µM concentrations (IC50 from 2.6 to 13.8 µM). The moieties carboxy piperidine amide and amide methyl thiazole phenyl were identified as novel TbTryS inhibitor scaffolds. Several of the TryS hits presented one-digit µM EC50 against T. cruzi and L. donovani amastigotes but proved cytotoxic against the human osteosarcoma and macrophage host cells (selectivity index ≤ 3). In contrast, seven hits showed a significantly higher selectivity against T. b. brucei (selectivity index from 11 to 182). Non-invasive redox assays confirmed that Ebselen, a multi-TryS inhibitor, induces an intracellular oxidative milieu in bloodstream T. b. brucei. Kinetic and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Ebselen is a slow-binding inhibitor that modifies irreversible a highly conserved cysteine residue from the TryS’s synthetase domain. The most potent TbTryS inhibitor (a singleton containing an adamantine moiety) exerted a non-covalent, non-competitive (with any of the substrates) inhibition of the enzyme. These data feed the drug discovery pipeline for trypanosomatids with novel and valuable information on chemical entities with drug potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Benítez
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jaime Franco
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Sardi
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Leyva
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rosario Durán
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gahee Choi
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyongseon Yang
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Assay Development and Screening, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namyoul Kim
- Assay Development and Screening, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Heo
- Assay Development and Screening, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kideok Kim
- Automation and Logistics Management, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Honggun Lee
- Automation and Logistics Management, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Constantin Radu
- Automation and Logistics Management, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - David Shum
- Assay Development and Screening, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan No
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Dibello E, Comini MA, Benítez D. A Simple, Robust, and Affordable Bioluminescent Assay for Drug Screening Against Infective African Trypanosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2524:149-162. [PMID: 35821469 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2453-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This chapter introduces a simple and robust in vitro viability assay to screen bioactive small molecules (e.g., natural, synthetic) against the monomorphic and infective (bloodstream) form of Trypanosoma brucei brucei. The assay relies on a bioluminescent transgenic parasite harboring a genetically encoded copy of a thermostable redshifted firefly luciferase from Photinus pyralis.The major advantages of the assay are simplicity and cost efficiency, along with excellent quality parameters. The bioassay allows estimating parasite numbers and viability (and metabolic state) as a function of bioluminescence (BL) signal. Parasites are grown in the presence of the molecules of interest in a 96-well microplate, and 24 h later, BL is determined with a simple protocol lacking washing steps, using cost-efficient reagents with a reasonable readout time for high-throughput applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Dibello
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Benítez D, Medeiros A, Quiroga C, Comini MA. A Simple Bioluminescent Assay for the Screening of Cytotoxic Molecules Against the Intracellular Form of Leishmania infantum. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2524:127-147. [PMID: 35821468 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2453-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes a viability assay for the intracellular (amastigote) and clinically relevant form of Leishmania infantum that is based on the detection of bioluminescence (BL) signal. The assay uses a reporter cell line of L. infantum that expresses constitutively a redshifted luciferase from Photinus pyralis and murine macrophages (cell line J774.A1) as host cells for infection. The host cell line was selected because it is a differentiated cell line, easy to manipulate in vitro, and advantageous for ethical reasons. This chapter introduces an assay designed for the screening of bioactive compounds/molecules employing a 96-well microplate and a 24 h treatment. The assay setup shows excellent balance between simplicity (cell culture manipulation/infection and timing) and quality parameters, as well as potential to detect drug-like molecules acting in a fast and cytotoxic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Andrea Medeiros
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cristina Quiroga
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Prolo C, Estrada D, Piacenza L, Benítez D, Comini MA, Radi R, Álvarez MN. Nox2-derived superoxide radical is crucial to control acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102085. [PMID: 34454164 PMCID: PMC8397891 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is a flagellated protozoan that undergoes a complex life cycle between hematophagous insects and mammals. In humans, this parasite causes Chagas disease, which in thirty percent of those infected, would result in serious chronic pathologies and even death. Macrophages participate in the first stages of infection, mounting a cytotoxic response which promotes massive oxidative damage to the parasite. On the other hand, T. cruzi is equipped with a robust antioxidant system to repeal the oxidative attack from macrophages. This work was conceived to explicitly assess the role of mammalian cell-derived superoxide radical in a murine model of acute infection by T. cruzi. Macrophages derived from Nox2-deficient (gp91phox-/-) mice produced marginal amounts of superoxide radical and were more susceptible to parasite infection than those derived from wild type (wt) animals. Also, the lack of superoxide radical led to an impairment of parasite differentiation inside gp91phox-/- macrophages. Biochemical or genetic reconstitution of intraphagosomal superoxide radical formation in gp91phox-/- macrophages reverted the lack of control of infection. Along the same line, gp91phox-/- infected mice died shortly after infection. In spite of the higher lethality, parasitemia did not differ between gp91phox-/- and wt animals, recapitulating an observation that has led to conflicting interpretations about the importance of the mammalian oxidative response against T. cruzi. Importantly, gp91phox-/- mice presented higher and disseminated tissue parasitism, as evaluated by both qPCR- and bioimaging-based methodologies. Thus, this work supports that Nox2-derived superoxide radical plays a crucial role to control T. cruzi infection in the early phase of a murine model of Chagas disease. Nox2 derived-superoxide radical is required to control Trypanosoma cruzi infection in macrophages ∙Nox2-deficient mice (gp91phox-/-) are highly susceptible to Trypanosoma cruzi infection ∙Parasitemia does not reflect the level of organ infection observed in wt and gp91phox-/- mice. ∙gp91phox-/- mice collapse to infection due to uncontrolled parasite proliferation in tissues
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Prolo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Damián Estrada
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Piacenza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - María Noel Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Educación Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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9
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Alice JI, Bellera CL, Benítez D, Comini MA, Duchowicz PR, Talevi A. Ensemble learning application to discover new trypanothione synthetase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2021; 25:1361-1373. [PMID: 34264440 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomatid-caused diseases are among the neglected infectious diseases with the highest disease burden, affecting about 27 million people worldwide and, in particular, socio-economically vulnerable populations. Trypanothione synthetase (TryS) is considered one of the most attractive drug targets within the thiol-polyamine metabolism of typanosomatids, being unique, essential and druggable. Here, we have compiled a dataset of 401 T. brucei TryS inhibitors that includes compounds with inhibitory data reported in the literature, but also in-house acquired data. QSAR classifiers were derived and validated from such dataset, using publicly available and open-source software, thus assuring the portability of the obtained models. The performance and robustness of the resulting models were substantially improved through ensemble learning. The performance of the individual models and the model ensembles was further assessed through retrospective virtual screening campaigns. At last, as an application example, the chosen model-ensemble has been applied in a prospective virtual screening campaign on DrugBank 5.1.6 compound library. All the in-house scripts used in this study are available on request, whereas the dataset has been included as supplementary material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Alice
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carolina L Bellera
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo R Duchowicz
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alan Talevi
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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10
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Venegas P, Calderon F, Riofrío D, Benítez D, Ramón G, Cisneros-Heredia D, Coimbra M, Rojo-Álvarez JL, Pérez N. Automatic ladybird beetle detection using deep-learning models. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253027. [PMID: 34111201 PMCID: PMC8191954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and accurate taxonomic identification of invasive trans-located ladybird beetle species is essential to prevent significant impacts on biological communities, ecosystem functions, and agricultural business economics. Therefore, in this work we propose a two-step automatic detector for ladybird beetles in random environment images as the first stage towards an automated classification system. First, an image processing module composed of a saliency map representation, simple linear iterative clustering superpixels segmentation, and active contour methods allowed us to generate bounding boxes with possible ladybird beetles locations within an image. Subsequently, a deep convolutional neural network-based classifier selects only the bounding boxes with ladybird beetles as the final output. This method was validated on a 2, 300 ladybird beetle image data set from Ecuador and Colombia obtained from the iNaturalist project. The proposed approach achieved an accuracy score of 92% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.977 for the bounding box generation and classification tasks. These successful results enable the proposed detector as a valuable tool for helping specialists in the ladybird beetle detection problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Venegas
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Francisco Calderon
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Riofrío
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diego Benítez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Giovani Ramón
- Museo de Zoología, Instituto iBIOTROP & Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diego Cisneros-Heredia
- Museo de Zoología, Instituto iBIOTROP & Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Coimbra
- INESC TEC, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Luis Rojo-Álvarez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computation, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Noel Pérez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
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11
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Rivas F, Medeiros A, Quiroga C, Benítez D, Comini M, Rodríguez-Arce E, Machado I, Cerecetto H, Gambino D. New Pd-Fe ferrocenyl antiparasitic compounds with bioactive 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands: a comparative study with their Pt-Fe analogues. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1651-1665. [PMID: 33449983 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03963b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis, a disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma brucei, the development of ferrocenyl compounds has arisen as a promising strategy. In this work, five new Pd-Fe heterobimetallic [PdII(L)(dppf)](PF6) compounds, including 8-hydroxyquinolyl derivatives HL1-HL5 as bioactive ligands and dppf = 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene as the organometallic co-ligand, were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution. Molecular structures of three compounds were solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The compounds displayed submicromolar or micromolar IC50 values against bloodstream T. brucei (IC50: 0.33-1.2 μM), and good selectivity towards the pathogen (SI: 4-102) with respect to mammalian macrophages (cell line J774). The new Pd complexes proved to be 2-fold to 45-fold more potent than the drug nifurtimox but most of them are less active than their Pt analogues. Potential molecular targets were studied. The complexes interact with DNA but they do not alter the intracellular thiol-redox homeostasis of the parasite. In order to understand and predict the main structural determinants on the anti-T. brucei activity, a search of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) was performed including all the [M(L)(dppf)](PF6) complexes, where M = Pd(ii) or Pt(ii), currently and previously developed by us. The correlation obtained shows the relevance of the electronic effects, the lipophilicity and the type of metal. According to the QSAR study, compounds with electron-withdrawing ligands, higher lipophilicity and harboring Pt would result in higher T. brucei cytotoxicity. From the whole series of [M(L)(dppf)](PF6) compounds developed, where M = Pt(ii) or Pd(ii) and HL = 8-hydroxyquinolyl derivatives, Pt-dppf-L4 (IC50 = 0.14 μM, SI = 48) was selected to perform an exploratory pre-clinical study in infected mice. This hit compound lacks acute toxicity when applied to animals in the dose/regimen described and exerts an anti-proliferative effect on parasites, which extends animal survival but is not curative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriannys Rivas
- Área Química Inorgánica, Programa de Posgrados, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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12
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Venegas P, Pérez N, Zapata S, Mosquera JD, Augot D, Rojo-Álvarez JL, Benítez D. An approach to automatic classification of Culicoides species by learning the wing morphology. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241798. [PMID: 33147271 PMCID: PMC7641368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and accurate identification of biting midges is crucial in the study of Culicoides-borne diseases. In this work, we propose a two-stage method for automatically analyzing Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) species. First, an image preprocessing task composed of median and Wiener filters followed by equalization and morphological operations is used to improve the quality of the wing image in order to allow an adequate segmentation of particles of interest. Then, the segmentation of the zones of interest inside the biting midge wing is made using the watershed transform. The proposed method is able to produce optimal feature vectors that help to identify Culicoides species. A database containing wing images of C. obsoletus, C. pusillus, C. foxi, and C. insignis species was used to test its performance. Feature relevance analysis indicated that the mean of hydraulic radius and eccentricity were relevant for the decision boundary between C. obsoletus and C. pusillus species. In contrast, the number of particles and the mean of the hydraulic radius was relevant for deciding between C. foxi and C. insignis species. Meanwhile, for distinguishing among the four species, the number of particles and zones, and the mean of circularity were the most relevant features. The linear discriminant analysis classifier was the best model for the three experimental classification scenarios previously described, achieving averaged areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98, 0.90, and 0.96, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Venegas
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Noel Pérez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sonia Zapata
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales “COCIBA”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Daniel Mosquera
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales “COCIBA”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Denis Augot
- Usc Vecpar, ANSES LSA, EA7510, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - José Luis Rojo-Álvarez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Diego Benítez
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías “El Politécnico”, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
- * E-mail:
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13
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Medeiros A, Benítez D, Korn RS, Ferreira VC, Barrera E, Carrión F, Pritsch O, Pantano S, Kunick C, de Oliveira CI, Orban OCF, Comini MA. Mechanistic and biological characterisation of novel N5-substituted paullones targeting the biosynthesis of trypanothione in Leishmania. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1345-1358. [PMID: 32588679 PMCID: PMC7717452 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1780227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanothione synthetase (TryS) produces N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine (or trypanothione) at the expense of ATP. Trypanothione is a metabolite unique and essential for survival and drug-resistance of trypanosomatid parasites. In this study, we report the mechanistic and biological characterisation of optimised N5-substituted paullone analogues with anti-TryS activity. Several of the new derivatives retained submicromolar IC50 against leishmanial TryS. The binding mode to TryS of the most potent paullones has been revealed by means of kinetic, biophysical and molecular modelling approaches. A subset of analogues showed an improved potency (EC50 0.5–10 µM) and selectivity (20–35) against the clinically relevant stage of Leishmania braziliensis (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis) and L. infantum (visceral leishmaniasis). For a selected derivative, the mode of action involved intracellular depletion of trypanothione. Our findings shed light on the molecular interaction of TryS with rationally designed inhibitors and disclose a new set of compounds with on-target activity against different Leishmania species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Medeiros
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ricarda S Korn
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Exequiel Barrera
- Biomolecular Simulations Group, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Federico Carrión
- Protein Biophysics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Otto Pritsch
- Protein Biophysics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio Pantano
- Biomolecular Simulations Group, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Conrad Kunick
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Oliver C F Orban
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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14
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Benítez D, Dibello E, Bonilla M, Comini MA. A simple, robust, and affordable bioluminescent assay for drug discovery against infective African trypanosomes. Drug Dev Res 2020; 83:253-263. [PMID: 31958156 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
African trypanosomiasis is a major problem for human and animal health in endemic countries, where it threatens millions of people and affects economic development. New drugs are needed to overcome the toxicity, administration, low efficacy, and resistance issues of the current chemotherapy. Robust, simple, and economical high-throughput, whole-cell-based assays are required to accelerate the identification of novel chemical entities. With this aim, we generated a bioluminescent cell line of the bloodstream stage of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and established a screening assay. Trypanosomes were stably transfected to constitutively express a thermostable red-shifted luciferase. The growth phenotype and drug sensitivity of the reporter cell line were essentially identical to that of the parental cell line. The endogenous luciferase activity, measured by a simple bioluminescence assay, proved to be proportional to parasite number and metabolic status. The assay, optimized to detect highly potent compounds in a 96-well-plate format, was validated by screening a small compound library (inter-assay values for Z' factor and coefficient variation were 0.77 and 5.8%, respectively). With a hit-confirmation ratio of ~97%, the assay was potent enough to identify several hits with EC50 ≤ 10 μM. Preliminary tests indicated that the assay can be scaled up to a 384-well-plate format without compromising its robustness. In summary, we have generated reporter trypanosomes and a simple, robust, and affordable bioluminescence screening assay with great potential to speed up the early-phase drug discovery against African trypanosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Estefania Dibello
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Bonilla
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica y Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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15
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Morales JC, Mustill AJ, Ribas I, Davies MB, Reiners A, Bauer FF, Kossakowski D, Herrero E, Rodríguez E, López-González MJ, Rodríguez-López C, Béjar VJS, González-Cuesta L, Luque R, Pallé E, Perger M, Baroch D, Johansen A, Klahr H, Mordasini C, Anglada-Escudé G, Caballero JA, Cortés-Contreras M, Dreizler S, Lafarga M, Nagel E, Passegger VM, Reffert S, Rosich A, Schweitzer A, Tal-Or L, Trifonov T, Zechmeister M, Quirrenbach A, Amado PJ, Guenther EW, Hagen HJ, Henning T, Jeffers SV, Kaminski A, Kürster M, Montes D, Seifert W, Abellán FJ, Abril M, Aceituno J, Aceituno FJ, Alonso-Floriano FJ, Ammler-von Eiff M, Antona R, Arroyo-Torres B, Azzaro M, Barrado D, Becerril-Jarque S, Benítez D, Berdiñas ZM, Bergond G, Brinkmöller M, Del Burgo C, Burn R, Calvo-Ortega R, Cano J, Cárdenas MC, Guillén CC, Carro J, Casal E, Casanova V, Casasayas-Barris N, Chaturvedi P, Cifuentes C, Claret A, Colomé J, Czesla S, Díez-Alonso E, Dorda R, Emsenhuber A, Fernández M, Fernández-Martín A, Ferro IM, Fuhrmeister B, Galadí-Enríquez D, Cava IG, Vargas MLG, Garcia-Piquer A, Gesa L, González-Álvarez E, Hernández JIG, González-Peinado R, Guàrdia J, Guijarro A, de Guindos E, Hatzes AP, Hauschildt PH, Hedrosa RP, Hermelo I, Arabi RH, Otero FH, Hintz D, Holgado G, Huber A, Huke P, Johnson EN, de Juan E, Kehr M, Kemmer J, Kim M, Klüter J, Klutsch A, Labarga F, Labiche N, Lalitha S, Lampón M, Lara LM, Launhardt R, Lázaro FJ, Lizon JL, Llamas M, Lodieu N, López Del Fresno M, Salas JFL, López-Santiago J, Madinabeitia HM, Mall U, Mancini L, Mandel H, Marfil E, Molina JAM, Martín EL, Martín-Fernández P, Martín-Ruiz S, Martínez-Rodríguez H, Marvin CJ, Mirabet E, Moya A, Naranjo V, Nelson RP, Nortmann L, Nowak G, Ofir A, Pascual J, Pavlov A, Pedraz S, Medialdea DP, Pérez-Calpena A, Perryman MAC, Rabaza O, Ballesta AR, Rebolo R, Redondo P, Rix HW, Rodler F, Trinidad AR, Sabotta S, Sadegi S, Salz M, Sánchez-Blanco E, Carrasco MAS, Sánchez-López A, Sanz-Forcada J, Sarkis P, Sarmiento LF, Schäfer S, Schlecker M, Schmitt JHMM, Schöfer P, Solano E, Sota A, Stahl O, Stock S, Stuber T, Stürmer J, Suárez JC, Tabernero HM, Tulloch SM, Veredas G, Vico-Linares JI, Vilardell F, Wagner K, Winkler J, Wolthoff V, Yan F, Osorio MRZ. A giant exoplanet orbiting a very-low-mass star challenges planet formation models. Science 2019; 365:1441-1445. [PMID: 31604272 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. We report the discovery of a giant planet around the very-low-mass star GJ 3512, as determined by optical and near-infrared radial-velocity observations. The planet has a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses, very high for such a small host star, and an eccentric 204-day orbit. Dynamical models show that the high eccentricity is most likely due to planet-planet interactions. We use simulations to demonstrate that the GJ 3512 planetary system challenges generally accepted formation theories, and that it puts constraints on the planet accretion and migration rates. Disk instabilities may be more efficient in forming planets than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Morales
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. .,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A J Mustill
- Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Box 43, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - I Ribas
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M B Davies
- Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Box 43, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - A Reiners
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - F F Bauer
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - D Kossakowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Herrero
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Rodríguez
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - M J López-González
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - C Rodríguez-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - V J S Béjar
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - L González-Cuesta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - R Luque
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Pallé
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Perger
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Baroch
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Johansen
- Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Box 43, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - H Klahr
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Mordasini
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Anglada-Escudé
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - J A Caballero
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - M Cortés-Contreras
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - S Dreizler
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Lafarga
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Nagel
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - V M Passegger
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Reffert
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Rosich
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Schweitzer
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Tal-Or
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Geophysics, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - T Trifonov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Zechmeister
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Quirrenbach
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P J Amado
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - E W Guenther
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - H-J Hagen
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Henning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S V Jeffers
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Kaminski
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Kürster
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Montes
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - W Seifert
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F J Abellán
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Astronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - M Abril
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - J Aceituno
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - F J Aceituno
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - F J Alonso-Floriano
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M Ammler-von Eiff
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - R Antona
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - B Arroyo-Torres
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - M Azzaro
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - D Barrado
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - S Becerril-Jarque
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - D Benítez
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - Z M Berdiñas
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino El Observatorio, 1515 Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Bergond
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - M Brinkmöller
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Del Burgo
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Santa María Tonantzintla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - R Burn
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Calvo-Ortega
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - J Cano
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Cárdenas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Cardona Guillén
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Carro
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Casal
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - V Casanova
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - N Casasayas-Barris
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Chaturvedi
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - C Cifuentes
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Claret
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - J Colomé
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Czesla
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - E Díez-Alonso
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Explotación y Prospeción de Minas, Escuela de Minas, Energía y Materiales, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - R Dorda
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Emsenhuber
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - M Fernández
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - A Fernández-Martín
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - I M Ferro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - B Fuhrmeister
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Galadí-Enríquez
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - I Gallardo Cava
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-Instituto Geográfico Nacional), E-28803 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - A Garcia-Piquer
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Gesa
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E González-Álvarez
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - J I González Hernández
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - R González-Peinado
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Guàrdia
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Guijarro
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - E de Guindos
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - A P Hatzes
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - P H Hauschildt
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R P Hedrosa
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - I Hermelo
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - R Hernández Arabi
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - F Hernández Otero
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - D Hintz
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Holgado
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Huber
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Huke
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E N Johnson
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E de Juan
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - M Kehr
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - J Kemmer
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Kim
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - J Klüter
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Klutsch
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Eberhard Karls Universität, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Labarga
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Labiche
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Lalitha
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Lampón
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - L M Lara
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - R Launhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F J Lázaro
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J-L Lizon
- European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - M Llamas
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Lodieu
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M López Del Fresno
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - J F López Salas
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - J López-Santiago
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, E-28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.,Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, E-28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Magán Madinabeitia
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - U Mall
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Mancini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy.,International Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies, I-84019 Vietri sul Mare (SA), Italy
| | - H Mandel
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Marfil
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Marín Molina
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - E L Martín
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Martín-Fernández
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - S Martín-Ruiz
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - H Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - C J Marvin
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Mirabet
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - A Moya
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - V Naranjo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R P Nelson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - L Nortmann
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Nowak
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - A Ofir
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J Pascual
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - A Pavlov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Pedraz
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - D Pérez Medialdea
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | | | - M A C Perryman
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield Downs, Dublin D14 YH57, Ireland
| | - O Rabaza
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,Dpto. Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - A Ramón Ballesta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - R Rebolo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Redondo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - H-W Rix
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Rodler
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.,European Southern Observatory, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago de Chile
| | - A Rodríguez Trinidad
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - S Sabotta
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - S Sadegi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Salz
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - M A Sánchez Carrasco
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - J Sanz-Forcada
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - P Sarkis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L F Sarmiento
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Schäfer
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Schlecker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J H M M Schmitt
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Schöfer
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Solano
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), European Space Astronomy Centre Campus (European Space Agency), E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain
| | - A Sota
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - O Stahl
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Stock
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Stuber
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Stürmer
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - J C Suárez
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18008 Granada, Spain.,Dpto. Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - H M Tabernero
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Tulloch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK
| | - G Veredas
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J I Vico-Linares
- Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, E-04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain
| | - F Vilardell
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - K Wagner
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Winkler
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany
| | - V Wolthoff
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Yan
- Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M R Zapatero Osorio
- Centro de Astrobiología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial), E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Rodríguez MJ, de la Torre R, Ortega JL, Trinidad JM, Benítez D, Jiménez AJ, Sanz-Yagüe A, Soler B, Torres LM. Evaluation of the quality of care of elderly patients with chronic and breakthrough pain treated with opioids: SAND study. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34:701-709. [PMID: 28914555 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1380618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of care of elderly patients with treatment for chronic pain (CP) and breakthrough pain (BTP). METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 20 pain units, selecting patients aged 70 years or older with baseline controlled CP in treatment with opioids and a diagnosis of BTP. Patients were classified as first episode of BTP or patient in follow-up. The patients completed the SF-12 quality of life questionnaire, Brief Pain Inventory, Lattinen Index, and Edmonton Symptoms Assessment Scale. The patient's satisfaction with the treatment was evaluated through a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS A total of 199 patients were included with 67.7% women (132). There were 28.5% (55) attending the first visit for BTP and 71.5% (138) were on follow-up visits. On the physical component of the SF-12, 95% had a score below the mean for the Spanish general population and 44% had a score below the mean on the mental component. Worse scores were observed for women in the bodily pain dimension (p = .032) and in the overall physical component (p = .045). There were 62.9% (112) patients satisfied with the treatment for BTP. In the multivariate analysis, SF-12 physical component scores (p = .017) and patient's satisfaction with BTP treatment was better in follow-up visits (p = .031). CONCLUSIONS All clinical parameters compared between first visit for the treatment of BTP and follow-up visits were improved, so the quality of care was also considered improved. Elderly women and non-oncologic patients were observed to be the population with worse symptom control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Diego Benítez
- b Fundación Andaluza para el Tratamiento del Dolor , Sevilla , Spain
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17
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Franco J, Medeiros A, Benítez D, Perelmuter K, Serra G, Comini MA, Scarone L. In vitro activity and mode of action of distamycin analogues against African trypanosomes. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:776-788. [PMID: 27951486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Distamycin, a natural polyamide containing three heterocycle rings with a polar end, has inspired several groups to prepare synthetic analogues, which proved to have anti-trypanosomal and anti-tumoral activity. We describe the synthesis of bi and tri thiazoles amides that harbor different substitutions at their ends and the evaluation of their anti-Trypanosoma brucei activity. The most active compound 10b showed better biological activity (EC50 310 nM and selectivity index 16) than the control drug nifurtimox (EC50 15 μM and selectivity index 10). Studies on the mode of action show that the parasiticidal activity of 10b originates from disruption of lysosomal homeostasis, which is followed by release of redox active iron, an increase in oxidizing species and collapse of cell membrane integrity. In this respect, our study suggests that non-charged lipophylic distamycins destabilize cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Franco
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Medeiros
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Karen Perelmuter
- Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gloria Serra
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Laura Scarone
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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18
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Musunda B, Benítez D, Dirdjaja N, Comini MA, Krauth-Siegel RL. Glutaredoxin-deficiency confers bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei with improved thermotolerance. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2016; 204:93-105. [PMID: 26854591 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As constituents of their unusual trypanothione-based thiol metabolism, African trypanosomes express two dithiol glutaredoxins (Grxs), a cytosolic Grx1 and a mitochondrial Grx2, with so far unknown biological functions. As revealed by gel shift assays, in the mammalian bloodstream form of Trypanosoma brucei, Grx1 is in the fully reduced state. Upon diamide treatment of the cells, Grx1 forms an active site disulfide bridge that is rapidly re-reduced after stress removal; Cys76, a conserved non-active site Cys remains in the thiol state. Deletion of both grx1 alleles does not result in any proliferation defect of neither the procyclic insect form nor the bloodstream form, even not under various stress conditions. In addition, the Grx1-deficient parasites are fully infectious in the mouse model. A functional compensation by Grx2 is unlikely as identical levels of Grx2 were found in wildtype and Grx1-deficient cells. In the classical hydroxyethyl disulfide assay, Grx1-deficient bloodstream cells display 50-60% of the activity of wildtype cells indicating that the cytosolic oxidoreductase accounts for a major part of the total deglutathionylation capacity of the parasite. Intriguingly, at elevated temperature, proliferation of the Grx1-deficient bloodstream parasites is significantly less affected compared to wildtype cells. When cultured for three days at 39°C, only 51% of the cells in the wildtype population retained normal morphology with single mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (1K1N), whereas 27% of the cells displayed ≥2K2N. In comparison, 64% of the Grx1-deficient cells kept the 1K1N phenotype and only 18% had ≥2K2N. The data suggest that Grx1 plays a role in the regulation of the thermotolerance of the parasites by (in)directly interfering with the progression of the cell cycle, a process that may comprise protein (de)glutathionylation step(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Musunda
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalie Dirdjaja
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Luise Krauth-Siegel
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Sousa AF, Gomes-Alves AG, Benítez D, Comini MA, Flohé L, Jaeger T, Passos J, Stuhlmann F, Tomás AM, Castro H. Genetic and chemical analyses reveal that trypanothione synthetase but not glutathionylspermidine synthetase is essential for Leishmania infantum. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:229-38. [PMID: 24853758 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Trypanothione is a unique and essential redox metabolite of trypanosomatid parasites, the biosynthetic pathway of which is regarded as a promising target for antiparasitic drugs. Synthesis of trypanothione occurs by the consecutive conjugation of two glutathione molecules to spermidine. Both reaction steps are catalyzed by trypanothione synthetase (TRYS), a molecule known to be essential in Trypanosoma brucei. However, other trypanosomatids (including some Leishmania species and Trypanosoma cruzi) potentially express one additional enzyme, glutathionylspermidine synthetase (GSPS), capable of driving the first step of trypanothione synthesis yielding glutathionylspermidine. Because this monothiol can substitute for trypanothione in some reactions, the possibility existed that TRYS was redundant in parasites harboring GSPS. To clarify this issue, the functional relevance of both GSPS and TRYS was investigated in Leishmania infantum (Li). Employing a gene-targeting approach, we generated a gsps(-/-) knockout line, which was viable and capable of replicating in both life cycle stages of the parasite, thus demonstrating the superfluous role of LiGSPS. In contrast, elimination of both LiTRYS alleles was not possible unless parasites were previously complemented with an episomal copy of the gene. Retention of extrachromosomal LiTRYS in the trys(-/-)/+TRYS line after several passages in culture further supported the essentiality of this gene for survival of L. infantum (including its clinically relevant stage), hence ruling out the hypothesis of functional complementation by LiGSPS. Chemical targeting of LiTRYS with a drug-like compound was shown to also lead to parasite death. Overall, this study disqualifies GSPS as a target for drug development campaigns and, by genetic and chemical evidence, validates TRYS as a chemotherapeutic target in a parasite endowed with GSPS and, thus, probably along the entire trypanosomatid lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Sousa
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana G Gomes-Alves
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratory of Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Laboratory of Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leopold Flohé
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, CP 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay, and Department of Molecular Medicine, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Timo Jaeger
- German Center for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joana Passos
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ana M Tomás
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Castro
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
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20
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Maiwald F, Benítez D, Charquero D, Dar MA, Erdmann H, Preu L, Koch O, Hölscher C, Loaëc N, Meijer L, Comini MA, Kunick C. 9- and 11-Substituted 4-azapaullones are potent and selective inhibitors of African trypanosoma. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:274-83. [PMID: 24973661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomes from the "brucei" complex are pathogenic parasites endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and causative agents of severe diseases in humans and livestock. In order to identify new antitrypanosomal chemotypes against African trypanosomes, 4-azapaullones carrying α,β-unsaturated carbonyl chains in 9- or 11-position were synthesized employing a procedure with a Heck reaction as key step. Among the so prepared compounds, 5a and 5e proved to be potent antiparasitic agents with antitrypanosomal activity in the submicromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Maiwald
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Charquero
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mahin Abad Dar
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Hanna Erdmann
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Lutz Preu
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Koch
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Forschungsgruppe Infektionsimmunologie, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Nadège Loaëc
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Conrad Kunick
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Beethovenstraße 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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21
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Hiller C, Nissen A, Benítez D, Comini MA, Krauth-Siegel RL. Cytosolic peroxidases protect the lysosome of bloodstream African trypanosomes from iron-mediated membrane damage. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004075. [PMID: 24722489 PMCID: PMC3983053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
African trypanosomes express three virtually identical non-selenium glutathione peroxidase (Px)-type enzymes which preferably detoxify lipid-derived hydroperoxides. As shown previously, bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei lacking the mitochondrial Px III display only a weak and transient proliferation defect whereas parasites that lack the cytosolic Px I and Px II undergo extremely fast lipid peroxidation and cell lysis. The phenotype can completely be rescued by supplementing the medium with the α-tocopherol derivative Trolox. The mechanism underlying the rapid cell death remained however elusive. Here we show that the lysosome is the origin of the cellular injury. Feeding the px I–II knockout parasites with Alexa Fluor-conjugated dextran or LysoTracker in the presence of Trolox yielded a discrete lysosomal staining. Yet upon withdrawal of the antioxidant, the signal became progressively spread over the whole cell body and was completely lost, respectively. T. brucei acquire iron by endocytosis of host transferrin. Supplementing the medium with iron or transferrin induced, whereas the iron chelator deferoxamine and apo-transferrin attenuated lysis of the px I–II knockout cells. Immunofluorescence microscopy with MitoTracker and antibodies against the lysosomal marker protein p67 revealed that disintegration of the lysosome precedes mitochondrial damage. In vivo experiments confirmed the negligible role of the mitochondrial peroxidase: Mice infected with px III knockout cells displayed only a slightly delayed disease development compared to wild-type parasites. Our data demonstrate that in bloodstream African trypanosomes, the lysosome, not the mitochondrion, is the primary site of oxidative damage and cytosolic trypanothione/tryparedoxin-dependent peroxidases protect the lysosome from iron-induced membrane peroxidation. This process appears to be closely linked to the high endocytic rate and distinct iron acquisition mechanisms of the infective stage of T. brucei. The respective knockout of the cytosolic px I–II in the procyclic insect form resulted in cells that were fully viable in Trolox-free medium. In many cell types, mitochondria are the main source of intracellular reactive oxygen species but iron-induced oxidative lysosomal damage has been described as well. African trypanosomes are the causative agents of human sleeping sickness and the cattle disease Nagana. The parasites are obligate extracellular pathogens that multiply in the bloodstream and body fluids of their mammalian hosts and as procyclic forms in their insect vector, the tsetse fly. Bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei in which the genes for cytosolic lipid hydroperoxide-detoxifying peroxidases have been knocked out undergo an extremely rapid membrane peroxidation and lyse within less than two hours when they are cultured without an exogenous antioxidant. Here we show that the primary site of intracellular damage is the single terminal lysosome of the parasites. Disintegration of the lysosome clearly precedes damage of the mitochondrion and parasite death. Iron, acquired by the endocytosis of iron-loaded host transferrin, induces cell lysis. Contrary to the cytosolic enzymes, the respective mitochondrial peroxidase is dispensable for both in vitro proliferation and mouse infectivity. This is the first report demonstrating that cytosolic thiol peroxidases are responsible for protecting the lysosome of a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Hiller
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amrei Nissen
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diego Benítez
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A. Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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22
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Flores DA, Minichiello Y, Araujo FR, Shkap V, Benítez D, Echaide I, Rolls P, Mosqueda J, Pacheco GM, Petterson M, Florin-Christensen M, Schnittger L. Evidence for Extensive Genetic Diversity and Substructuring of theBabesia bovisMetapopulation. Transbound Emerg Dis 2013; 60 Suppl 2:131-6. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Flores
- Instituto de Patobiología; CICVyA; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
| | - Y. Minichiello
- Instituto de Patobiología; CICVyA; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
| | | | - V. Shkap
- Kimron Veterinary Institute; Bet Dagan Israel
| | | | | | - P. Rolls
- Tick Fever Centre; Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - J. Mosqueda
- Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro; Querétaro México
| | - G. M. Pacheco
- Instituto de Genética; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
| | - M. Petterson
- Instituto de Genética; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
| | - M. Florin-Christensen
- Instituto de Patobiología; CICVyA; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina
| | - L. Schnittger
- Instituto de Patobiología; CICVyA; INTA-Castelar; Hurlingham Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina
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23
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Santos D, Parajón-Costa B, Rossi M, Caruso F, Benítez D, Varela J, Cerecetto H, González M, Gómez N, Caputto ME, Moglioni AG, Moltrasio GY, Finkielsztein LM, Gambino D. Activity on Trypanosoma cruzi, erythrocytes lysis and biologically relevant physicochemical properties of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones derived from 1-indanones. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 117:270-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Demoro B, Caruso F, Rossi M, Benítez D, González M, Cerecetto H, Galizzi M, Malayil L, Docampo R, Faccio R, Mombrú AW, Gambino D, Otero L. Bisphosphonate metal complexes as selective inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6468-76. [PMID: 22344249 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the search for a pharmacological answer to treat Chagas disease, eight metal complexes with two bioactive bisphosphonates, alendronate (Ale) and pamidronate (Pam), were described. Complexes of the formula [M(2)(II)(Ale)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O, with M = Cu, Co, Mn, Ni, and ([CuPam]·H(2)O)(n) as well as [M(II)(Pam)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·3H(2)O, with M = Co, Mn and Ni, were synthesized and fully characterized. Crystal structure of [Cu(2)(II)(Ale)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O, [Co(II)(Pam)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] and [Ni(II)(Pam)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] were solved by X-ray single crystal diffraction methods and the structures of [M(2)(II)(Ale)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O complexes M = Co, Mn and Ni were studied by X-ray powder diffraction methods. All obtained complexes were active against the amastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), etiological agent of Chagas disease. Most of them were more active than the corresponding free ligands showing no toxicity for mammalian cells. The main mechanism of the antiparasitic action of bisphosphonates, inhibition of parasitic farnesyl diphosphate synthase (TcFPPS), remains in the obtained metal complexes and an increase in the inhibiting enzyme levels was observed upon coordination. Observed enzymatic inhibition was selective for TcFPPS as the metal complexes showed no or little inhibition of human FPPS. Additionally, metal complexation might improve the bioavailability of the complexes through the hindrance of the phosphonate group's ionization at physiological pH and, eventually, through the ability of plasma proteins to work as complex transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Demoro
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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25
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Fahrenbach AC, Barnes JC, Lanfranchi DA, Li H, Coskun A, Gassensmith JJ, Liu Z, Benítez D, Trabolsi A, Goddard WA, Elhabiri M, Stoddart JF. Solution-Phase Mechanistic Study and Solid-State Structure of a Tris(bipyridinium radical cation) Inclusion Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:3061-72. [PMID: 22148229 DOI: 10.1021/ja2089603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST
Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST
Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Don Antoine Lanfranchi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique
et Médicinale, UMR 7509 CNRS-UdS, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hao Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ali Coskun
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST
Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Diego Benítez
- Materials and Process Simulation
Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Science and Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation
Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST
Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique
et Médicinale, UMR 7509 CNRS-UdS, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST
Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong,
Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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26
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Parrilha GL, Dias RP, Rocha WR, Mendes IC, Benítez D, Varela J, Cerecetto H, González M, Melo CM, Neves JK, Pereira VR, Beraldo H. 2-Acetylpyridine- and 2-benzoylpyridine-derived thiosemicarbazones and their antimony(III) complexes exhibit high anti-trypanosomal activity. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Caputto ME, Fabian LE, Benítez D, Merlino A, Ríos N, Cerecetto H, Moltrasio GY, Moglioni AG, González M, Finkielsztein LM. Thiosemicarbazones derived from 1-indanones as new anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6818-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Landge SM, Tkatchouk E, Benítez D, Lanfranchi DA, Elhabiri M, Goddard WA, Aprahamian I. Isomerization Mechanism in Hydrazone-Based Rotary Switches: Lateral Shift, Rotation, or Tautomerization? J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:9812-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja200699v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shainaz M. Landge
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30458, United States
| | - Ekatarina Tkatchouk
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Diego Benítez
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Don Antoine Lanfranchi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, UMR 7509 CNRS-UdS, 25, rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, UMR 7509 CNRS-UdS, 25, rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Bioinorganique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, ECPM, UMR 7177 CNRS-UdS, 25, rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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29
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Benítez D, Lavaggi ML, Gambino D, Torre MH, Cerecetto H, González M. Effect of complexation of 3-aminoquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-dioxides with palladium and copper on their anti-T. cruzi activity. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Hmadeh M, Fahrenbach AC, Basu S, Trabolsi A, Benítez D, Li H, Albrecht‐Gary A, Elhabiri M, Stoddart JF. Electrostatic Barriers in Rotaxanes and Pseudorotaxanes. Chemistry 2011; 17:6076-87. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Hmadeh
- Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie Bioinorganique, UdS‐CNRS (UMR 7177), Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200, Strasbourg (France)
- Equal Contributions
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
- Equal Contributions
| | - Subhadeep Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
| | - Diego Benítez
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (USA)
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
| | - Anne‐Marie Albrecht‐Gary
- Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie Bioinorganique, UdS‐CNRS (UMR 7177), Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200, Strasbourg (France)
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie Bioinorganique, UdS‐CNRS (UMR 7177), Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200, Strasbourg (France)
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
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31
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Coskun A, Spruell JM, Barin G, Fahrenbach AC, Forgan RS, Colvin MT, Carmieli R, Benítez D, Tkatchouk E, Friedman DC, Sarjeant AA, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Mechanically Stabilized Tetrathiafulvalene Radical Dimers. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4538-47. [PMID: 21366312 DOI: 10.1021/ja110584c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Coskun
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jason M. Spruell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gokhan Barin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ross S. Forgan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael T. Colvin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Diego Benítez
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ekaterina Tkatchouk
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Douglas C. Friedman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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32
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Basu S, Coskun A, Friedman DC, Olson MA, Benítez D, Tkatchouk E, Barin G, Yang J, Fahrenbach AC, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Donor-Acceptor Oligorotaxanes Made to Order. Chemistry 2011; 17:2107-19. [PMID: 21274953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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33
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Pizzo C, Saiz C, Talevi A, Gavernet L, Palestro P, Bellera C, Blanch LB, Benítez D, Cazzulo JJ, Chidichimo A, Wipf P, Mahler SG. Synthesis of 2-Hydrazolyl-4-Thiazolidinones Based on Multicomponent Reactions and Biological Evaluation Against Trypanosoma Cruzi. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 77:166-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Zhang W, DeIonno E, Dichtel WR, Fang L, Trabolsi A, Olsen JC, Benítez D, Heath JR, Stoddart JF. A solid-state switch containing an electrochemically switchable bistable poly[n]rotaxane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Demoro B, Caruso F, Rossi M, Benítez D, Gonzalez M, Cerecetto H, Parajón-Costa B, Castiglioni J, Galizzi M, Docampo R, Otero L, Gambino D. Risedronate metal complexes potentially active against Chagas disease. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:1252-8. [PMID: 20817265 PMCID: PMC2949467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new metal-based drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease, the most widespread Latin American parasitic disease, novel complexes of the bioactive ligand risedronate (Ris, (1-hydroxy-1-phosphono-2-pyridin-3-yl-ethyl)phosphonate), [M(II)(Ris)(2)]·4H(2)O, where M═Cu, Co, Mn and Ni, and [Ni(II)(Ris)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·H(2)O were synthesized and characterized by using analytical measurements, thermogravimetric analyses, cyclic voltammetry and infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Crystal structures of [Cu(II)(Ris)(2)]·4H(2)O and [Ni(II)(Ris)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·H(2)O were solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The complexes, as well as the free ligand, were evaluated in vitro against epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease. Results demonstrated that the coordination of risedronate to different metal ions improved the antiproliferative effect against T. cruzi, exhibiting growth inhibition values against the intracellular amastigotes ranging the low micromolar levels. In addition, this strong activity could be related to high inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzyme. On the other hand, protein interaction studies showed that all the complexes strongly interact with albumin thus providing a suitable means of transporting them to tissues in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Demoro
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, C. C. 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francesco Caruso
- Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Ple. Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12604-0484, USA
| | - Diego Benítez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Gonzalez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Parajón-Costa
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR/CONICET-UNLP), C.C. 962, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Castiglioni
- LAFIDESU, DETEMA, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, C. C. 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Melina Galizzi
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Roberto Docampo
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | - Lucía Otero
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, C. C. 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, C. C. 1157, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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36
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Spruell JM, Coskun A, Friedman DC, Forgan RS, Sarjeant AA, Trabolsi A, Fahrenbach AC, Barin G, Paxton WF, Dey SK, Olson MA, Benítez D, Tkatchouk E, Colvin MT, Carmielli R, Caldwell ST, Rosair GM, Hewage SG, Duclairoir F, Seymour JL, Slawin AMZ, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Cooke G, Stoddart JF. Highly stable tetrathiafulvalene radical dimers in [3]catenanes. Nat Chem 2010; 2:870-9. [PMID: 20861904 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two [3]catenane 'molecular flasks' have been designed to create stabilized, redox-controlled tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) dimers, enabling their spectrophotometric and structural properties to be probed in detail. The mechanically interlocked framework of the [3]catenanes creates the ideal arrangement and ultrahigh local concentration for the encircled TTF units to form stable dimers associated with their discrete oxidation states. These dimerization events represent an affinity umpolung, wherein the inversion in electronic affinity replaces the traditional TTF-bipyridinium interaction, which is over-ridden by stabilizing mixed-valence (TTF)2•+ and radical-cation (TTF•+)2 states inside the 'molecular flasks.' The experimental data, collected in the solid state as well as in solution under ambient conditions, together with supporting quantum mechanical calculations, are consistent with the formation of stabilized paramagnetic mixed-valence dimers, and then diamagnetic radical-cation dimers following subsequent one-electron oxidations of the [3]catenanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Spruell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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37
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Wang C, Olson MA, Fang L, Benítez D, Tkatchouk E, Basu S, Basuray AN, Zhang D, Zhu D, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Isolation by crystallization of translational isomers of a bistable donor-acceptor [2]catenane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:13991-6. [PMID: 20663950 PMCID: PMC2922539 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1009302107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The template-directed synthesis of a bistable donor-acceptor [2]catenane wherein both translational isomers--one in which a tetrathiafulvalene unit in a mechanically interlocked crown ether occupies the cavity of a cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) ring and the other in which a 1,5-dioxynaphthalene unit in the crown ether resides inside the cavity of the tetracationic cyclophane--exist in equilibrium in solution, has led to the isolation and separation by hand picking of single crystals colored red and green, respectively. These two crystalline co-conformations have been characterized separately at both the molecular and supramolecular levels, and also by dynamic NMR spectroscopy in solution where there is compelling evidence that the mechanically interlocked molecules are present as a complex mixture of translational, configurational, and conformational isomers wherein the isomerization is best described as being a highly dynamic and adaptable phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Mark A. Olson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Diego Benítez
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; and
| | - Ekaterina Tkatchouk
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; and
| | - Subhadeep Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Ashish N. Basuray
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; and
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38
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Rodrigues C, Batista AA, Ellena J, Castellano EE, Benítez D, Cerecetto H, González M, Teixeira LR, Beraldo H. Coordination of nitro-thiosemicarbazones to ruthenium(II) as a strategy for anti-trypanosomal activity improvement. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2847-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Vicente E, Duchowicz PR, Benítez D, Castro EA, Cerecetto H, González M, Monge A. Anti-T. cruzi activities and QSAR studies of 3-arylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile di-N-oxides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4831-5. [PMID: 20634064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In a continuing effort to identify new active compounds for combating Chagas disease and other neglected diseases, our research group synthesized and evaluated 23 3-arylquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile di-N-oxides against Trypanosoma cruzi. Five of them presented IC(50) values of the same magnitude as the standard drug Nifurtimox, making them valid as new lead compounds. The optimized molecular structures of 23 derivatives represented by 1497 types of DRAGON descriptors were subjected to linear regression analysis, and the derived QSAR was shown to be predictive. In this way, we achieved a rational guide for the proposal of new candidate structures whose activities still remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vicente
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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40
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Abstract
Mechanically bonded macromolecules constitute a class of challenging synthetic targets in polymer science. The controllable intramolecular motions of mechanical bonds, in combination with the processability and useful physical and mechanical properties of macromolecules, ultimately ensure their potential for applications in materials science, nanotechnology and medicine. This tutorial review describes the syntheses and properties of a library of diverse mechanically bonded macromolecules, which covers (i) main-chain, side-chain, bridged, and pendant oligo/polycatenanes, (ii) main-chain oligo/polyrotaxanes, (iii) poly[c2]daisy chains, and finally (iv) mechanically interlocked dendrimers. A variety of highly efficient synthetic protocols--including template-directed assembly, step-growth polymerisation, quantitative conjugation, etc.--were employed in the construction of these mechanically interlocked architectures. Some of these structures, i.e., side-chain polycatenanes and poly[c2]daisy chains, undergo controllable molecular switching in a manner similar to their small molecular counterparts. The challenges posed by the syntheses of polycatenanes and polyrotaxanes with high molecular weights are contemplated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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41
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Gerpe A, Álvarez G, Benítez D, Boiani L, Quiroga M, Hernández P, Sortino M, Zacchino S, González M, Cerecetto H. 5-Nitrofuranes and 5-nitrothiophenes with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity and ability to accumulate squalene. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7500-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Spruell JM, Paxton WF, Olsen JC, Benítez D, Tkatchouk E, Stern CL, Trabolsi A, Friedman DC, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. A Push-Button Molecular Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:11571-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ja904104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Spruell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Walter F. Paxton
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - John-Carl Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Diego Benítez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Ekaterina Tkatchouk
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Douglas C. Friedman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - William A. Goddard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60202, and Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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Ancizu S, Moreno E, Torres E, Burguete A, Pérez-Silanes S, Benítez D, Villar R, Solano B, Marín A, Aldana I, Cerecetto H, González M, Monge A. Heterocyclic-2-carboxylic acid (3-cyano-1,4-di-N-oxidequinoxalin-2-yl)amide derivatives as hits for the development of neglected disease drugs. Molecules 2009; 14:2256-72. [PMID: 19553897 PMCID: PMC6254273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14062256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neglected diseases represent a major health problem. It is estimated that one third of the world population is infected with tuberculosis (TB). Besides TB, Chagas disease, affects approximately 20 million people. Quinoxalines display great activities against TB and Chagas. Forty new quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been prepared and tested against M. tuberculosis and T. cruzi. Carboxylic acid quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides (CAQDOs) 5 and 17 showed MIC values on the same order as the reference antituberculosis drug, rifampicin. Meanwhile, CAQDOs 12 and 22 presented IC(50) values in the same order as the anti-chagasic drug, nifurtimox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Ancizu
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Elsa Moreno
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Enrique Torres
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Asunción Burguete
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Diego Benítez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
| | - Raquel Villar
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Beatriz Solano
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Adoración Marín
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Ignacio Aldana
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
| | - Mercedes González
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias/Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; E-mails: (D.B.), (H.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mails: (A.M.), (M.G.)
| | - Antonio Monge
- Unidad en Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Centro de Investigación en Farmacobiología Aplicada (CIFA), University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; E-mails: (S.A.), (E.M)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mails: (A.M.), (M.G.)
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Zhao YL, Benítez D, Yoon I, Stoddart J. Inclusion Behavior of β-Cyclodextrin with Bipyridine Molecules: Factors Governing Host-Guest Inclusion Geometries. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:446-56. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhao YL, Benítez D, Yoon I, Stoddart J. Cover Picture: Inclusion Behavior of β-Cyclodextrin with Bipyridine Molecules: Factors Governing Host-Guest Inclusion Geometries (Chem. Asian J. 3/2009). Chem Asian J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200990004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Olson M, Braunschweig A, Fang L, Ikeda T, Klajn R, Trabolsi A, Wesson P, Benítez D, Mirkin C, Grzybowski B, Stoddart J. A Bistable Poly[2]catenane Forms Nanosuperstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Yoon I, Benítez D, Zhao YL, Miljanić OS, Kim SY, Tkatchouk E, Leung KCF, Khan SI, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Functionally rigid and degenerate molecular shuttles. Chemistry 2009; 15:1115-22. [PMID: 19105194 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and dynamic behavior of two functionally rigid and degenerate [2]rotaxanes (14 PF(6) and 24 PF(6)) in which a pi-electron deficient tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT(4+)) ring, shuttles back and forth between two pi-electron-rich naphthalene (NP) stations by making the passage along an ethynyl-phenylene-(PH)-ethynyl or butadiyne rod, are described. The [2]rotaxanes were synthesized by using the clipping approach to template-directed synthesis, and were characterized by NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. (1)H NMR spectra of both [2]rotaxanes show evidence for the formation of mechanically interlocked structures, resulting in the upfield shifts of the resonances for key protons on the dumbbell-shaped components. In particular, the signals for the peri protons on the NP units in the dumbbell-shaped components experienced significant upfield shifts at low temperatures, just as has been observed in the flexible [2]rotaxanes. Interestingly, the resonances for the same protons did not exhibit a significant upfield shift at 298 K, but rather only a modest shift. This phenomenon arises from the much reduced binding of the ethynyl-NP unit compared to the 1,5-dioxy-NP unit. This effect, in turn, increases the shuttling rate when compared to the 1,5-dioxy-NP-based rotaxane systems investigated previously. The kinetic and thermodynamic data of the shuttling behavior of the CBPQT(4+) ring between the NP units were obtained by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy and using the coalescence method to calculate the free energies of activation (DeltaG(c) ( not equal)) of 9.6 and 10.3 kcal mol(-1) for 14 PF(6) and 24 PF(6), respectively, probed by using the rotaxane's alpha-bipyridinium protons. The solid-state structure of the free dumbbell-shaped compound (3) shows the fully rigid ethynyl-PH-ethynyl linker with a length (8.1 A) twice as long as that (3.8 A) of the butadiyne linker. Full-atomistic simulations were carried out with the DREIDING force field (FF) to probe the degenerate molecular shuttling processes, and afforded shuttling energy barriers (DeltaG( not equal)=10.4 kcal mol(-1) for 14 PF(6) and 24 PF(6)) that are in good agreement with the experimental values (DeltaG(c) ( not equal)=9.6 and 10.3 kcal mol(-1) for 14 PF(6) and 24 PF(6), respectively, probed by using their alpha-bipyridinium protons).
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Olson MA, Braunschweig AB, Fang L, Ikeda T, Klajn R, Trabolsi A, Wesson PJ, Benítez D, Mirkin CA, Grzybowski BA, Stoddart JF. A bistable poly[2]catenane forms nanosuperstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1792-7. [PMID: 19180620 PMCID: PMC3930346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Side-chain poly[2]catenanes at the click of a switch! A bistable side-chain poly[2]catenane has been synthesized and found to form hierarchical self-assembled hollow superstructures of nanoscale dimensions in solution. Molecular electromechanical switching (see picture) of the material is demonstrated, and the ground-state equilibrium thermodynamics and switching kinetics are examined as the initial steps towards processible molecular-based electronic devices and nanoelectromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Olson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Taichi Ikeda
- Functional Modules Group, Organic Nanomaterials Center National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044 (Japan)
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Paul J. Wesson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Diego Benítez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Bartosz A. Grzybowski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishan Wu
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
| | - Ken Cham‐Fai Leung
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
| | - Diego Benítez
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
| | - Ja‐Young Han
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
| | - Stuart J. Cantrill
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208‐3113 (USA), Fax: (+1) 847‐491‐1009
- The California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095‐1569 (USA)
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