1
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Shen S, Tong Y, Luo Y, Huang L, Gao W. Biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of aryltetralin-type lignan podophyllotoxin and its derivatives. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1856-1875. [PMID: 35913409 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00028h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2022Podophyllotoxin (PTOX, 1), a kind of aryltetralin-type lignan, was first discovered in the plant Podophyllum peltatum and its structure was clarified by W. Borsche and J. Niemann in 1932. Due to its potent anti-cancer and anti-viral activities, it is considered one of the molecules most likely to be developed into modern drugs. With the increasing market demand and insufficient storage of natural resources, it is crucial to expand the sources of PTOXs. The original extraction method from plants has gradually failed to meet the requirements, and the biosynthesis and total synthesis have become the forward-looking alternatives. As key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of PTOXs and their catalytic mechanisms being constantly revealed, it is possible to realize the heterogeneous biosynthesis of PTOXs in the future. Chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis also provide schemes for strictly controlling the asymmetric configuration of the tetracyclic core. Currently, the pharmacological activities of some PTOX derivatives have been extensively studied, laying the foundation for clinical candidate drugs. This review focuses primarily on the latest research progress in the biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of PTOX and its derivatives, providing a more comprehensive understanding of these widely used compounds and supporting the future search for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yuru Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunfeng Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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2
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of prodrugs for nitroreductase based 4-β-amino-4′-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin as potential anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Ganaie BA, Banday JA, Bhat BA, Ara T. Synthesis and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Triazolyl Analogs of Podophyllotoxin, a Naturally Occurring Lignin. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Pal A, Krishna Banik B. Click Chemistry toward the Synthesis of Anticancer Agents. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-21-970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Manmohan Reddy Depa, Potla S, Narkhede UC, Jadhav VD, Vidavalur S. Cu(I)-Promoted Regioselective Synthesis of Some New Benzimidazole-1,2,3-Triazole Frameworks as In Vitro Anticancer Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021050228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Slavova KI, Todorov LT, Belskaya NP, Palafox MA, Kostova IP. Developments in the Application of 1,2,3-Triazoles in Cancer Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:92-112. [PMID: 32679022 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200717164457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of cancer on modern society cannot be emphasized enough in terms of both economic and human costs. Cancer treatments are known, unfortunately, for their side effects - frequently numerous and severe. Drug resistance is another issue medical professionals have to tackle when dealing with neoplastic illnesses. Cancer rates are rising worldwide due to various factors - low-quality nutrition, air and water pollution, tobacco use, etc. For those and many other reasons, drug discovery in the field of oncology is a top priority in modern medical science. OBJECTIVE To present the reader with the latest in cancer drug discovery with regard to 1,2,3-triazole- containing molecules in a clear, concise way so as to make the present review a useful tool for researchers. METHODS Available information present on the role of 1,2,3-triazoles in cancer treatment was collected. Data was collected from scientific literature, as well as from patents. RESULTS A vast number of triazole-containing molecules with antiproliferative properties have been proposed, synthesized and tested for anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. The substances vary greatly when considering molecular structure, proposed mechanisms of action and affected cancer cell types. CONCLUSION Triazole-containing molecules with anticancer activity are being widely synthesized and extensively tested. They vary significantly in terms of both structure and mechanism of action. The methods for their preparation and administration are well established and with proven reproducibility. These facts suggest that triazoles may play an important role in the discovery of novel antiproliferative medications with improved effectiveness and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina I Slavova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lozan T Todorov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Mauricio A Palafox
- Departamento de Quimica-Fisica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irena P Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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7
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Fu B, Li Y, Peng S, Wang X, Hu J, Lv L, Xia C, Lu D, Qin C. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of glucopyranosyl-conjugated benzyl derivatives as novel selective cytotoxic agents against colon cancer. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201642. [PMID: 33972860 PMCID: PMC8074679 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucopyranosyl-conjugated benzyl derivatives containing a [1,2,3]-triazole linker were synthesized. Benzyl served as an important pharmacophore in anti-cancer compounds. Compound 8d inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells with the potency comparable to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with improved selectivity towards cancer cells. The antiproliferative activity of 8d is achieved through triggering apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqiao Fu
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Resources Transformation and Utilization, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyong Peng
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Lv
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Resources Transformation and Utilization, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifen Xia
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Resources Transformation and Utilization, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei 432000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, TX 78363, USA
| | - Caiqin Qin
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Resources Transformation and Utilization, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Hubei 432000, People's Republic of China
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8
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Recent advances of podophyllotoxin/epipodophyllotoxin hybrids in anticancer activity, mode of action, and structure-activity relationship: An update (2010-2020). Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112830. [PMID: 32992133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxins and epipodophyllotoxins, possess excellent activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant even multidrug-resistant cancer cells via inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Several podophyllotoxin/epipodophyllotoxin derivatives such as etoposide and teniposide have already been applied for cancer therapy, revealing their potential as putative anticancer drugs. Hybridization of podophyllotoxin/epipodophyllotoxin moiety with other anticancer pharmacophores is a promising strategy to develop novel drug candidates so as to overcome drug resistance and improve the specificity, and numerous of podophyllotoxin/epipodophyllotoxin hybrids exhibit excellent in vitro antiproliferative and in vivo anticancer potency. This review emphasizes the recent development of podophyllotoxin/epipodophyllotoxin hybrids with potential application for cancer therapy covering articles published between 2010 and 2020. The mechanisms of action, the critical aspects of design as well as structure-activity relationships were also summarized.
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Nourbakhsh M, Farzaneh S, Taghikhani A, Zarghi A, Noori S. The Effect of a Newly Synthesized Ferrocene Derivative against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and Spheroid Stem Cells through ROS Production and Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:875-886. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200101151743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) possess the ability of self-renewal and cellular
heterogeneity, and therefore, play a key role in the initiation, propagation and clinical outcome of breast cancer.
It has been shown that ferrocene complexes have remarkable potential as anticancer drugs.
Objective:
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a novel ferrocene complex, 1-
ferrocenyl-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)propen-1-one (FMSP) on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and its derived
mammospheres with cancer stem cell properties.
Methods:
Mammospheres were developed from MCF-7 cells and validated by the evaluation of CD44 and
CD24 cell surface markers by flow cytometry as well as of the expression of genes that are associated with stem
cell properties by real-time PCR. Cells viability was assessed by a soluble tetrazolium salt (MTS) after the
treatment of cells with various concentrations of FMSP. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis of
annexin V and PI labeling of cells. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production was measured using a cellpermeable,
oxidant-sensitive fluorescence probe (carboxy-H2DCFDA). The involvement of the JAK2/STAT3
pathway was also investigated by western blotting.
Results:
FMSP could successfully prevent mammosphere formation from differentiated MCF-7 cells and significantly
down-regulated the expression of genes involved in the production of the stem cell properties including
Wnt1, Notch1, β -catenin, SOX2, CXCR4 and ALDH1A1. FMSP decreased cell viability in both MCF-7
cells and spheroid cells, although MCF-10A cells were unaffected by this compound. Apoptosis was also dramatically
induced by FMSP, via ROS production but independent of CD95 activation. Phosphorylation levels of
JAK2 and STAT3 were also found to be significantly attenuated even in the presence of IL-6, the putative activator
of the JAK/STAT pathway.
Conclusion:
FMSP can effectively target BCSCs via ROS production and modulation of major signaling pathways
that contribute to the stemness of breast cancer cells, and therefore, might be considered a promising anticancer
agent after in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Farzaneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adeleh Taghikhani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoofe Noori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Abdel‐Kader D, Abass M. Synthesis of some oxazolo and oxazinopyrano[3,2‐
c
]quinolines and their antitumor activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Abdel‐Kader
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of EducationAin Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of EducationAin Shams University Cairo Egypt
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11
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Ou K, Kang Y, Chen L, Zhang X, Chen X, Zheng Y, Wu J, Guan S. H 2O 2-responsive nano-prodrug for podophyllotoxin delivery. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2491-2498. [PMID: 30957821 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00344d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is different from that of normal tissue; therefore, the development of a prodrug that retains its efficacy in the tumor microenvironment can be useful in enhancing the anticancer properties of podophyllotoxin. An innovative podophyllotoxin prodrug (POD-PEG) was designed by linking podophyllotoxin to poly(ethylene glycol)(n) monomethacrylate with a H2O2-responsive oxalate ester bond. POD-PEG can self-assemble into stable nanoparticles (POD-PEG NPs). In vitro experiments demonstrated that the POD-PEG NPs can be activated by hydrogen peroxide resulting in podophyllotoxin release and are highly toxic against colon carcinoma CT26 cells. In vivo biodistribution studies demonstrate that PEGylated POD-PEG NPs are capable of prolonging blood circulation. Intravenous injection of POD-PEG NPs into CT26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice resulted in a significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy against tumors, with no significant systemic toxicity. Therefore, this H2O2-responsive prodrug delivery system exhibits good biosafety and provides a novel strategy for the development of drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyong Ou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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12
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Zi CT, Yang L, Kong QH, Li HM, Yang XZ, Ding ZT, Jiang ZH, Hu JM, Zhou J. Glucoside Derivatives Of Podophyllotoxin: Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, And Cytotoxicity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:3683-3692. [PMID: 31695335 PMCID: PMC6815755 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s215895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Widespread concern of the side effects and the broad-spectrum anticancer property of podophyllotoxin as an antitumor agent highlight the need for the development of new podophyllotoxin derivatives. Although some per-butyrylated glucosides of podophyllotoxin and 4β-triazolyl-podophyllotoxin glycosides show good anticancer activity, the per-acetylated/free of podophyllotoxin glucosides and their per-acetylated are not well studied. Methods A few glucoside derivatives of PPT were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines, HL-60 (leukemia), SMMC-7721 (hepatoma), A-549 (lung cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), and SW480 (colon cancer), as well as the normal human pulmonary epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). In addition, we investigated the structure–activity relationship and the physicochemical property–anticancer activity relationship of these compounds. Results Compound 6b shows the highest cytotoxic potency against all five cancer cell lines tested, with IC50 values ranging from 3.27±0.21 to 11.37±0.52 μM. We have also found that 6b displays higher selectivity than the etoposide except in the case of HL-60 cell line. The active compounds possess similar physicochemical properties: MSA > 900, %PSA < 20, ClogP > 2, MW > 700 Da, and RB > 10. Conclusion We synthesized several glucoside derivatives of PPT and tested their cytotoxicity. Among them, compound 6b showed the highest cytotoxicity. Further studies including selectivity of active compounds have shown that the selectivity indexes of 6b are much greater than the etoposide except in the case of HL-60 cell line. The active compounds possessed similar physicochemical properties. This study indicates that active glucoside analogs of podophyllotoxin have potential as lead compounds for developing novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hua Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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13
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Hao SY, Feng SL, Wang XR, Wang Z, Chen SW, Hui L. Novel conjugates of podophyllotoxin and coumarin: Synthesis, cytotoxicities, cell cycle arrest, binding CT DNA and inhibition of Topo IIβ. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2129-2135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Rational design, molecular docking and synthesis of novel homopiperazine linked imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives as potent cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2248-2253. [PMID: 31239178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Designed and synthesized novel homopiperazine linked imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives (10a-i, 11a-g, 12), and evaluated them for their in vitro cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (cervical cancer), A549 cells (lung cancer) cells, by MTT assay. Compound 12 (IC50 = 4.14 µM) and compound 10c (IC50 = 5.98 µM) were found to be 2.5 fold, and 1.74 fold more potent when compared with standard Etoposide (IC50 = 10.44 µM), against A549 (lung cancer cells). Compound 12 also found to be 1.57 and 1.13 fold potent against DU145 (IC50 = 6.24 µM) and HeLa (IC50 = 6.54 µM), respectively when compared with Etoposide (DU145, IC50 = 9.8 µM; HeLa, IC50 = 7.43 µM). Compound 10f (IC50 = 6.12 µM) was found to be 1.31 fold more potent than Etoposide (IC50 = 7.43 µM) against HeLa cell lines. Moreover compounds 10a and 11a showed cytotoxicity at low micro-molar concentrations against A549 cells. Synthesized compounds were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activity by Cup plate diffusion method. Compounds 10c, 11b, 11d and 11f displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity relating to their standard drugs Gentamycin, Amphotericin B and Ampicillin. Significantly, compound 10c showed broad spectrum activity against tested microbial strains. All the designed compounds were well occupied the binding site of the colchicine and interacted with both α- and β-tubuline interface (PDB ID: 3E22), which demonstrates that synthesized compounds are promising tubulin inhibitors. Also, the synthesized compounds occupied the catalytic triad and adenine-binding site, in the active site of β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III enzyme (PDB ID: 1MZS). The molecular docking results provided the useful information for the future design of more potent inhibitors. These preliminary results convinced further investigation and modifications on synthesized compounds aiming towards the development of potential cytotoxic as well as antimicrobial agents.
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15
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Nerella S, Kankala S, Gavaji B. Synthesis of podophyllotoxin-glycosyl triazoles via click protocol mediated by silver (I)- N-heterocyclic carbenes and their anticancer evaluation as topoisomerase-II inhibitors. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:9-16. [PMID: 31210060 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1610958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the regioselective synthesis of podophyllotoxin-Glycosyl triazole hybrids catalysed by Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene (Ag(I)-NHC) in a short reaction time (∼30 min) at ambient conditions. In principle, it is the first report of Click alkyne-azide cycloaddition catalysed by Ag(I)-NHC catalyst and moreover, this new methodology yielded good results when compared with traditional CuAAC in terms of reaction time and selectivity. The synthesised compounds were further explored for in vitro anticancer activity against four human cancer cell lines Du145, HeLa, A-549, and MCF-7 and found that these synthesised compounds possess significant anticancer activity. Further, the compounds 5a and 5e were identified as promising leads due to their better activity across all cell lines than that of the standard drug etoposide. Molecular docking studies of 5a & 5e with DNA Topoisomerase-II were revealed that the free energy calculations of active compounds were in good agreement with observed IC50 values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Nerella
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India.,Department of Chemistry, Pingle Government College for Women, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India
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16
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Murugavel S, Ravikumar C, Jaabil G, Alagusundaram P. Synthesis, crystal structure analysis, spectral investigations (NMR, FT-IR, UV), DFT calculations, ADMET studies, molecular docking and anticancer activity of 2-(1-benzyl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxypyridine – A novel potent human topoisomerase IIα inhibitor. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Banerji B, Chandrasekhar K, Sreenath K, Roy S, Nag S, Saha KD. Synthesis of Triazole-Substituted Quinazoline Hybrids for Anticancer Activity and a Lead Compound as the EGFR Blocker and ROS Inducer Agent. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16134-16142. [PMID: 30556027 PMCID: PMC6288807 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of triazole-substituted quinazoline hybrid compounds were designed and synthesized for anticancer activity targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Most of the compounds showed moderate to good antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines (HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, and PC-3). Compound 5b showed good antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 20.71 μM) against MCF-7 cell lines. Molecular docking results showed that compound 5b formed hydrogen bond with Met 769 and Lys 721 and π-sulfur interaction with Met 742 of EGFR tyrosine kinase (PDB ID: 1M17). Compound 5b decreases the expression of EGFR and p-EGFR. It also induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species generation, followed by the change in mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadip Banerji
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kadaiahgari Chandrasekhar
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kancham Sreenath
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)—Kolkata, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Saheli Roy
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sayoni Nag
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), and Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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Hou W, Zhang G, Luo Z, Su L, Xu H. Click chemistry‐based synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of 4α‐triazole acetate podophyllotoxin derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:473-483. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceInstitute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology (IDD & CB)Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Guanjun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceTianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Shanghai Evergene Biotech Co., Ltd. Shanghai China
| | - Lin Su
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceInstitute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology (IDD & CB)Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical StudiesShanghaiTech University Shanghai China
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Hassanin HM, Abd Elmoneam WR, Mostafa MA. Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation of different 2,5-dialkyloxazolopyrano[3,2-c]quinolinone derivatives. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Zi CT, Yang L, Xu FQ, Dong FW, Yang D, Li Y, Ding ZT, Zhou J, Jiang ZH, Hu JM. Synthesis and anticancer activity of dimeric podophyllotoxin derivatives. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3393-3406. [PMID: 30349193 PMCID: PMC6186772 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s167382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Podophyllotoxin is a potent cytotoxic agent and serves as a useful lead compound for the development of antitumor drugs. Several podophyllotoxin-derived antitumor agents, including etoposide, are currently in clinical use; however, their therapeutic efficacy is often limited due to side effects and the development of resistance by cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that 4β-1,2,3-triazole derivatives of podophyllotoxin exhibit more potent anticancer activity and better binding to topoisomerase-II than etoposide. The effect of dimerization of such derivatives on the anticancer activity has not been studied. Methods Two moieties of podophyllotoxin were linked at the C-4 position via 1,2,3-triazole rings to give a series of novel dimeric podophyllotoxin derivatives. 4β-Azido-substituted podophyllotoxin derivatives (23 and 24) were coupled with various dipropargyl functionalized linkers by utilizing the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction to provide dimeric products in very good yield. The in vitro anticancer activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by MTT assay against a panel of five human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480). The normal BEAS-2B (lung) cell line was also included for study in order to evaluate the cancer selectivity of the most active compound as compared with normal cells. Results A group of 16 dimeric podophyllotoxin derivatives with different linkers were synthesized and structurally characterized. Most compounds do not show significant cytotoxicity (IC50 > 40 mM) against all five cancer cell lines. However, one compound (29) which bears a perbutyrylated glucose residue on the glycerol linker is highly potent against all five cancer cell lines tested, with IC50 values ranging from 0.43 to 3.50 μM. This compound (29) also shows good selectivity towards cancer cell lines as compared with the normal BEAS-2B (lung) cell line, showing selectivity indexes from 4.4 to 35.7. Conclusion The anticancer activity of dimeric podophyllotoxin derivatives is generally speaking not improved as compared to their monomeric counterparts, and the potency of these dimeric derivatives can be largely affected by the nature of the linker between the two moieties. Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 29 is significantly more cytotoxic and selective towards cancer cells than etoposide and cisplatin, which are currently in clinical use. Compound 29 is a promising anticancer drug and needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China, .,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Feng-Qing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Fa-Wu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
| | - Zi-Hua Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada,
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China,
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Jaabil G, Ranganathan R, Ponnuswamy A, Suresh P, Shanmugaiah V, Ravikumar C, Murugavel S. A Green and Efficient Synthesis of Bioactive 1, 2, 3 - Triazolyl-Pyridine/Cyanopyridine Hybrids via
One-Pot Multicomponent Grinding Protocol. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Jaabil
- Department of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai- 625021 India.+91 9600868323
| | - Raja Ranganathan
- Department of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai- 625021 India.+91 9600868323
- Department of Chemistry; Mahendra Institute of Engineering & Technology; Namakkal- 637 503, Tamilnadu India
| | - Alagusundaram Ponnuswamy
- Department of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai- 625021 India.+91 9600868323
| | - Perumal Suresh
- Department of Microbial Technology; School of Biological Sciences; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai 625021 India
| | - Vellasamy Shanmugaiah
- Department of Microbial Technology; School of Biological Sciences; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai 625021 India
| | - Chandrasekaran Ravikumar
- Department of Physics; Thanthai Periyar Government Institute of Technology; Vellore- 608 002, Tamilnadu India
| | - Saminathan Murugavel
- Department of Physics; Thanthai Periyar EVR Government Polytechnic College, Vellore-; 608 002 Tamilnadu India
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Bonam SR, Wu YS, Tunki L, Chellian R, Halmuthur MSK, Muller S, Pandy V. What Has Come out from Phytomedicines and Herbal Edibles for the Treatment of Cancer? ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1854-1872. [PMID: 29927521 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several modern treatment strategies have been adopted to combat cancer with the aim of minimizing toxicity. Medicinal plant-based compounds with the potential to treat cancer have been widely studied in preclinical research and have elicited many innovations in cutting-edge clinical research. In parallel, researchers have eagerly tried to decrease the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic agents either by combining them with herbals or in using herbals alone. The aim of this article is to present an update of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, or mere changes in the bioactive compounds, along with herbal edibles, which display efficacy against diverse cancer cells and in anticancer therapy. It describes the basic mechanism(s) of action of phytochemicals used either alone or in combination therapy with other phytochemicals or herbal edibles. This review also highlights the remarkable synergistic effects that arise between certain herbals and chemotherapeutic agents used in oncology. The anticancer phytochemicals used in clinical research are also described; furthermore, we discuss our own experience related to semisynthetic derivatives, which are developed based on phytochemicals. Overall, this compilation is intended to facilitate research and development projects on phytopharmaceuticals for successful anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lakshmi Tunki
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ranjithkumar Chellian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahabalarao Sampath Kumar Halmuthur
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522034, India
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23
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Ke Y, Wang W, Zhao LF, Liang JJ, Liu Y, Zhang X, Feng K, Liu HM. Design, synthesis and biological mechanisms research on 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of Jiyuan Oridonin A. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4761-4773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Hsieh CH, Wang JP, Chiu CC, Liu CY, Yao CF, Fang K. A triazole-conjugated benzoxazone induces reactive oxygen species and promotes autophagic apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Apoptosis 2017; 23:1-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Zhang X, Rakesh KP, Shantharam CS, Manukumar HM, Asiri AM, Marwani HM, Qin HL. Podophyllotoxin derivatives as an excellent anticancer aspirant for future chemotherapy: A key current imminent needs. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:340-355. [PMID: 29269253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading groups of threatened caused by abnormal state cell growth and second leading diseases involved in the major global death. To treat this, research looking for promising anticancer drugs from natural resource, or synthesized novel molecules by diverse group of scientists worldwide. Currently, drugs get into clinical practices and showing side effects with target actions which in turn leading to multidrug resistance unknowingly. Podophyllotoxin, a naturally occurring lignan and with hybrids have become one of the most attractive subjects due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Podophyllotoxin derivatives have been the centre of attention of extensive chemical amendment and pharmacological investigation in modern decades. Mainly, the innovation of the semi-synthetic anticancer drugs etoposide and teniposide has stimulated prolonged research interest in this structural phenotype. The present review focuses mainly onnew anticancer drugs from podophyllotoxin analogs, mechanism of action and their structure-activity relationships (SAR) as potential anticancer candidates for future discovery of suitable drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - K P Rakesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
| | - C S Shantharam
- Department of Chemistry, Pooja Bhagavath Memorial Mahajana Education Centre, Mysuru 570016, Karnataka, India
| | - H M Manukumar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - A M Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Marwani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
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Regioselective synthesis of some new 1,4-disubstituted sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles and their antibacterial activity studies. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1926-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Podophyllum derivatives containing fluorine atom in the 3-position of 2-aminopyridine improved the antitumor activity by inducing P53-dependent apoptosis. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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29
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Kumar NP, Sharma P, Reddy TS, Nekkanti S, Shankaraiah N, Lalita G, Sujanakumari S, Bhargava SK, Naidu V, Kamal A. Synthesis of 2,3,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthren-9-amine: An efficient precursor to access new 4- aza -2,3-dihydropyridophenanthrenes as apoptosis inducing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:305-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Yu X, Che Z, Xu H. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins. Chemistry 2017; 23:4467-4526. [PMID: 27726183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin-based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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31
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Advances in the Chemistry of Natural and Semisynthetic Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitors. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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32
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Badhani B, Kakkar R. In silico studies on potential MCF-7 inhibitors: a combination of pharmacophore and 3D-QSAR modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetic analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:1950-1967. [PMID: 27401212 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1202863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gallic acid and its derivatives exhibit a diverse range of biological applications, including anti-cancer activity. In this work, a data-set of forty-six molecules containing the galloyl moiety, and known to show anticarcinogenic activity against the MCF-7 human cancer cell line, have been chosen for pharmacophore modeling and 3D-Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) studies. A tree-based partitioning algorithm has been used to find common pharmacophore hypotheses. The QSAR model was generated for three, four, and five featured hypotheses with increasing PLS factors and analyzed. Results for five featured hypotheses with three acceptors and two aromatic rings were the best out of all the possible combinations. On analyzing the results, the most robust (R2 = .8990) hypothesis with a good predictive power (Q2 = .7049) was found to be AAARR.35. A good external validation (R2 = .6109) was also obtained. In order to design new MCF-7 inhibitors, the QSAR model was further utilized in pharmacophore-based virtual screening of a large database. The predicted IC50 values of the identified potential MCF-7 inhibitors were found to lie in the micromolar range. Molecular docking into the colchicine domain of tubulin was performed in order to examine one of the probable mechanisms. This revealed various interactions between the ligand and the active site protein residues. The present study is expected to provide an effective guide for methodical development of potent MCF-7 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Badhani
- a Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
| | - Rita Kakkar
- a Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
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Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of 7-substituted- 4-((1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) methyl)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin- 3(4H)-ones as anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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34
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Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhao F, Liu Y, Su M, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Yang B, Yang R. Inclusion Complex of Podophyllotoxin withγ-Cyclodextrin: Preparation, Characterization, Anticancer Activity, Water-Solubility and Toxicity. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Comparison of carbon-sulfur and carbon-amine bond in therapeutic drug: 4β-S-aromatic heterocyclic podophyllum derivatives display antitumor activity. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14814. [PMID: 26443888 PMCID: PMC4595834 DOI: 10.1038/srep14814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein is a first effort to systematically study the significance of carbon-sulfur (C-S) and carbon-amine (C-NH) bonds on the antitumor proliferation activity of podophyllum derivatives and their precise mechanism of apoptosis. Compared with the derivative modified by a C-NH bond, the derivative modified by a C-S bond exhibited superior antitumor activity, the inhibition activity of target proteins tubulin or Topo II, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction. Antitumor mechanistic studies showed that the death receptor and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathways were simultaneously activated by the C-S bond modified aromatic heterocyclic podophyllum derivatives with a higher cellular uptake percentage of 60-90% and induction of a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Only the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated by the C-NH bond modified aromatic heterocyclic podophyllum derivatives, with a lower cellular uptake percentage of 40-50%. This study provided insight into effects of the C-S and C-NH bond modification on the improvement of the antitumor activity of Podophyllum derivatives.
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Hyder I, Yedlapudi D, Kalivendi SV, Khazir J, Ismail T, Nalla N, Miryala S, Sampath Kumar HM. Synthesis and Biological evaluation of novel 4β-[(5-substituted)-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl] podophyllotoxins as anticancer compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2860-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Dabiri M, Salehi P, Fakharian M, Kazemi Movahed S, MaGee DI. New Convenient Five-Component One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-6-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-{[(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy]phenyl}pyrano[2,3- c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile Derivatives. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ma N, Wang Y, Zhao BX, Ye WC, Jiang S. The application of click chemistry in the synthesis of agents with anticancer activity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1585-99. [PMID: 25792812 PMCID: PMC4362898 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s56038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between alkynes and azides (click chemistry) to form 1,2,3-triazoles is the most popular reaction due to its reliability, specificity, and biocompatibility. This reaction has the potential to shorten procedures, and render more efficient lead identification and optimization procedures in medicinal chemistry, which is a powerful modular synthetic approach toward the assembly of new molecular entities and has been applied in anticancer drugs discovery increasingly. The present review focuses mainly on the applications of this reaction in the field of synthesis of agents with anticancer activity, which are divided into four groups: topoisomerase II inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antimicrotubule agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ameen MA, Ahmed EK. A new route for the synthesis of pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine ring system. J Sulphur Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2015.1020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Ameen
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - E. Kh. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61511, Egypt
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40
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Design and synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole–pyrimidine–urea hybrids as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1124-8. [PMID: 25655718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Banday AH, Kulkarni VV, Hruby VJ. Design, synthesis, and biological and docking studies of novel epipodophyllotoxin–chalcone hybrids as potential anticancer agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00325j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click-chemistry based design and efficient synthesis of podophyllotoxin–chalcone conjugates as potential topoisomerase-II inhibitors towards the development of better anticancer leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Hussain Banday
- Department of Chemistry
- Islamia College of Science and Commerce
- Srinagar
- India-190009
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Vinod V. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA-85721
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA-85721
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Liu YQ, Tian J, Qian K, Zhao XB, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang L, Nan X, Tian X, Lee KH. Recent progress on C-4-modified podophyllotoxin analogs as potent antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1-62. [PMID: 24827545 PMCID: PMC4337794 DOI: 10.1002/med.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT), as well as its congeners and derivatives, exhibits pronounced biological activities, especially antineoplastic effects. Its strong inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth led to the development of three of the most highly prescribed anticancer drugs in the world, etoposide, teniposide, and the water-soluble prodrug etoposide phosphate. Their clinical success as well as intriguing mechanism of action stimulated great interest in further modification of PPT for better antitumor activity. The C-4 position has been a major target for structural derivatization aimed at either producing more potent compounds or overcoming drug resistance. Accordingly, numerous PPT derivatives have been prepared via hemisynthesis and important structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations have been identified. Several resulting compounds, including GL-331, TOP-53, and NK611, reached clinical trials. Some excellent reviews on the distribution, sources, applications, synthesis, and SAR of PPT have been published. This review focuses on a second generation of new etoposide-related drugs and provides detailed coverage of the current status and recent development of C-4-modified PPT analogs as anticancer clinical trial candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Liu Yang
- Environmental and Municipal Engineering School, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Suman P, Murthy TR, Rajkumar K, Srikanth D, Dayakar C, Kishor C, Addlagatta A, Kalivendi SV, Raju BC. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of pyridinyl-1H-1,2,3-triazolyldihydroisoxazoles as potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 90:603-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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SAR analysis and biological studies of synthesized podophyllum derivates obtained by N linkage modification at C-4 position. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6183-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bollu R, Palem JD, Bantu R, Guguloth V, Nagarapu L, Polepalli S, Jain N. Rational design, synthesis and anti-proliferative evaluation of novel 1,4-benzoxazine-[1,2,3]triazole hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 89:138-46. [PMID: 25462234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole-1,4-benzoxazine hybrids 5a-n were efficiently synthesized employing click chemistry approach and evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against four cancer cell lines such as HeLa (cervical), MIAPACA (pancreatic), MDA-MB-231 (breast) and IMR32 (neuroblastoma). Compounds 5n and 5g exhibited promising anti-proliferative activity with GI50 values ranging from 1.2 to 2.5 μM and 0.1-1.1 μM respectively against all cell lines, like HeLa, MDA-MB-231, MIAPACA and IMR32, while compound 5l showed significant activity against MDA-MB-231 and IMR32 with GI50 values ranging from 1.1 and 1.4 μM. This is the first report on the synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative evaluation of 1,2,3-triazole-1,4-benzoxazine hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajitha Bollu
- Organic Chemistry Division II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Jyothsna Devi Palem
- Organic Chemistry Division II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rajashaker Bantu
- Organic Chemistry Division II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Vijayacharan Guguloth
- Organic Chemistry Division II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Lingaiah Nagarapu
- Organic Chemistry Division II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Sowjanya Polepalli
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Nishant Jain
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Synthesis of novel spin-labeled podophyllotoxin derivatives as potential antineoplastic agents: Part XXV. Med Chem Res 2014; 23:4926-4931. [PMID: 25709376 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel spin-labeled 4β-[(4-substituted)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]podophyllotoxin derivatives (17a-h) were firstly designed and synthesized with significant regioselectivity by employing Cu(I) catalyzed click approach, and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A-549, DU145, KB, and KBvin). Among them, compound 17h displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against the tumor cell lines tested. Significantly, compound 17h showed superior cytotoxic activity compared with etoposide (IC50 6.30 to>10 μM), a clinically available anticancer drug. Significant activity toward the drug resistant KBvin cell line revealed promising future for compound 17h as a new generation of epipodophyllotoxin-derived antitumor clinical trial candidate.
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A convergent synthesis of alkyne–azide cycloaddition derivatives of 4-α,β-2-propyne podophyllotoxin depicting potent cytotoxic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Cornier PG, Delpiccolo CML, Mascali FC, Boggián DB, Mata EG, Cárdenas MG, Blank VC, Roguin LP. In vitro anticancer activity and SAR studies of triazolyl aminoacyl(peptidyl) penicillins. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lagunin AA, Goel RK, Gawande DY, Pahwa P, Gloriozova TA, Dmitriev AV, Ivanov SM, Rudik AV, Konova VI, Pogodin PV, Druzhilovsky DS, Poroikov VV. Chemo- and bioinformatics resources for in silico drug discovery from medicinal plants beyond their traditional use: a critical review. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:1585-611. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00068d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An overview of databases andin silicotools for discovery of the hidden therapeutic potential of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Lagunin
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
- Russian National Research Medical University
- Medico-Biologic Faculty
- Moscow, Russia
| | - Rajesh K. Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research
- Punjabi University
- Patiala-147002, India
| | - Dinesh Y. Gawande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research
- Punjabi University
- Patiala-147002, India
| | - Priynka Pahwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research
- Punjabi University
- Patiala-147002, India
| | | | | | - Sergey M. Ivanov
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastassia V. Rudik
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
| | - Varvara I. Konova
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V. Pogodin
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
- Russian National Research Medical University
- Medico-Biologic Faculty
- Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir V. Poroikov
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of Rus. Acad. Med. Sci
- Moscow, Russia
- Russian National Research Medical University
- Medico-Biologic Faculty
- Moscow, Russia
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