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Huang X, Liu Z, Quan ZS, Guo HY, Shen QK. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of fusidic acid derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents for acute lung injury. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106885. [PMID: 37804700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) are severe forms of diffuse lung disease that impose a substantial health burden all over the world. In the United States, approximately 190,000 cases per year of ALI each year, with an associated 74,500 deaths per year. Anti-inflammatory therapy has become a reasonable approach for the treatment of patients with ALI. In this study, fusidic acid derivatives were used to design new anti-inflammatory compounds with high pharmacological activity and low toxicity. A total of 30 new fusidic acid derivatives were discovered, synthesized, and screened for their anti-inflammatory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Of them, b2 was found to be the most active, with a higher efficiency compared with fusidic acid and celecoxib in 10 μM. In vitro, we further measured b2 inhibited inflammatory factor NO (IC50 = 5.382 ± 0.655 μM), IL-6 (IC50 = 7.767 ± 0.871 μM), and TNF-α (IC50 = 7.089 ± 0.775 μM) and b2 inhibited inflammatory cytokines COX-2 and iNOS, ROS production, NF-κB/MAPK and Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway pathway. In vivo,b2 attenuated ALI pathological changes and inhibited inflammatory cytokines COX-2 and iNOS in lung tissue and NF-κB/MAPK and Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, b2 may be a promising anti-inflammatory lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
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2
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Hawash M. Thiazole Derivatives as Modulators of GluA2 AMPA Receptors: Potent Allosteric Effects and Neuroprotective Potential. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1694. [PMID: 38136566 PMCID: PMC10741633 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazole carboxamide derivatives were synthesized in this investigation, with a subsequent examination of their impact on GluA2 AMPA receptors. The synthesized compounds, namely MMH-1-5, were subjected to characterization using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR). The present work thoroughly investigates the impact of five thiazole derivatives on GluA2 AMPA receptors. This investigation examined their effects on both whole-cell currents and receptor kinetics. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the samples was assessed using the MTS test. The compound MMH-5 had the highest effect level, resulting in a notable drop in current amplitude by a factor of six. Similarly, MMH-4 and MMH-3 also caused major reductions in the current amplitude. The compounds mentioned above also influenced the rates of deactivation and desensitization. MMH-5 and MMH-4 exhibited an increase in deactivation, while MMH-5 showed reduced desensitization. Our research findings highlight the efficacy of MMH-5 as a negative allosteric modulator of GluA2 AMPA receptors, exerting substantial effects on both the magnitude and time course of receptor activity. Significantly, the compound MMH-2 demonstrated noteworthy cytotoxic effects, as evidenced by cell viability rates dropping below 6.79% for all cancer cell lines and 17.52% for the normal cell line (LX-2). Of particular interest is the pronounced cytotoxicity observed in MMH-5, suggesting its potential as a safe neuroprotective agent targeting the AMPA receptor, as indicated by cell viability percentages exceeding 85.44% across all cancer and normal cell lines. Docking simulations were performed to determine possible modes of interaction between MMH5 and the GluA2-AMPA receptor (PDB:7RZ5). The abovementioned facts and the well-documented effects of further thiazole derivatives provide a strong foundation for future research endeavors to enhance tailored treatments for neurological disorders that rely heavily on GluA2 signaling. The present study elucidates the intricate association between thiazole derivatives and GluA2 receptors, providing valuable perspectives on the prospects of enhanced and specific therapeutic interventions for diverse neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine
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3
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Hawash M, Ergun SG, Kahraman DC, Olgac A, Hamel E, Cetin-Atalay R, Baytas SN. Novel Indole-Pyrazole Hybrids as Potential Tubulin-Targeting Agents; Synthesis, antiproliferative evaluation, and molecular modeling studies. J Mol Struct 2023; 1285:135477. [PMID: 37234266 PMCID: PMC10208593 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Structurally diverse indole-3-pyrazole-5-carboxamide analogues (10-29) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against three cancer cell lines (Huh7, MCF-7, and HCT116) using the sulforhodamine B assay. Some of the derivatives showed anticancer activities equal to or better than sorafenib against cancer cell lines. Compounds 18 showed potent activity against the hepatocellular cancer (HCC) cell lines, with IC50 values in the range 0.6-2.9 μM. Compound 18 also exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against tubulin polymerization (IC50 = 19 μM). Flow cytometric analysis of cultured cells treated with 18 also demonstrated that the compound caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in both Huh7 and Mahlavu cells and induced apoptotic cell death in HCC cells. Docking simulations were performed to determine possible modes of interaction between 18 and the colchicine site of tubulin and quantum mechanical calculations were performed to observe the electronic nature of 18 and to support docking results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, 00970, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sezen Guntekin Ergun
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cansen Kahraman
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Olgac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Rengul Cetin-Atalay
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Nacak Baytas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
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Silalai P, Pruksakorn D, Chairoungdua A, Suksen K, Saeeng R. Synthesis of propargylamine mycophenolate analogues and their selective cytotoxic activity towards neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 45:128135. [PMID: 34044119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Twenty six propargylamine mycophenolate analogues were designed and synthesized from mycophenolic acid 1 employing a key step A3-coupling reaction. Their cytotoxic activity was examined against six cancer cell lines. Compounds 6a, 6j, 6t, 6u, and 6z exhibited selective cytotoxicity towards neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cancer cells and were less toxic to normal cells in comparison to the lead compound, MPA 1 and a standard drug, ellipticine. Molecular docking results suggested that compound 6a is fit well in the key amino acid of three proteins (CDK9, EGFR, and VEGFR-2) as targets in cancer therapy. The propargylamine mycophenolate scaffold might be a valuable starting point for development of new neuroblastoma anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patamawadee Silalai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Omics Center for Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Arthit Chairoungdua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rungnapha Saeeng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Product for Drug Discovery (RSND), Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.
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5
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Xu Q, Deng H, Li X, Quan ZS. Application of Amino Acids in the Structural Modification of Natural Products: A Review. Front Chem 2021; 9:650569. [PMID: 33996749 PMCID: PMC8118163 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.650569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products and their derivatives are important sources for drug discovery; however, they usually have poor solubility and low activity and require structural modification. Amino acids are highly soluble in water and have a wide range of activities. The introduction of amino acids into natural products is expected to improve the performance of these products and minimize their adverse effects. Therefore, this review summarizes the application of amino acids in the structural modification of natural products and provides a theoretical basis for the structural modification of natural products in the future. The articles were divided into six types based on the backbone structures of the natural products, and the related applications of amino acids in the structural modification of natural products were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
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6
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Immunosuppressive properties of amino acid and peptide derivatives of mycophenolic acid. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112091. [PMID: 32007665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) was coupled with amino acids and biologically active peptides including derivatives of tuftsin to modify its immunosuppressive properties. Both amino acid unit in the case of simple MPA amides and modifications within peptide moiety of MPA - tuftsin conjugates influenced the observed activity. Antiproliferative potential of the obtained conjugates was investigated in vitro and MPA amides with threonine methyl ester and conjugate of MPA with retro-tuftisin occurred to be more selective against PBMC in comparison to parent MPA. Both amino acid and peptide derivatives of MPA acted as inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenaze (IMPDH) inhibitors.
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7
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Agut R, Falomir E, Murga J, Martín-Beltrán C, Gil-Edo R, Pla A, Carda M, Marco JA. Synthesis of Combretastatin A-4 and 3'-Aminocombretastatin A-4 derivatives with Aminoacid Containing Pendants and Study of Their Interaction with Tubulin and as Downregulators of the VEGF, hTERT and c-Myc Gene Expression. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030660. [PMID: 32033084 PMCID: PMC7037732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural product combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and its nitrogenated analogue 3′-aminocombretastatin A-4 (AmCA-4) have shown promising antitumor activities. In this study, a range of CA-4 and AmCA-4 derivatives containing amino acid pendants have been synthesized in order to compare their biological actions with those of their parent compounds. Thus, inhibition of cell proliferation on tumor cell lines HT-29, MCF-7 and A-549, as well as on the nontumor cell line HEK-273; in vitro tubulin polymerization; mitotic cell arrest; action on the microtubule cell network and inhibition of VEGF, hTERT, and c-Myc genes have been evaluated. Some AmCA-4 derivatives bearing L-amino acids exhibited inhibition of cell proliferation at low nanomolar levels exceeding the values shown by AmCA-4. Furthermore, while CA-4 and AmCA-4 derivatives do not show significant effects on the in vitro tubulin polymerization and cell cycle arrest, some selected CA-4 and AmCA-4 derivatives are able to cause total depolymerization of the microtubule network on A-549 cells. The best results were obtained in the inhibition of gene expression, particularly on the VEGF gene, in which some AmCA-4 derivatives greatly exceeded the inhibition values achieved by the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raül Agut
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
| | - Eva Falomir
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (M.C.); Tel.: +34-964-728-240 (E.F.); +34-964-728-242 (M.C.)
| | - Juan Murga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
| | - Celia Martín-Beltrán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
| | - Raquel Gil-Edo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Pla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
| | - Miguel Carda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain; (R.A.); (J.M.); (C.M.-B.); (R.G.-E.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (M.C.); Tel.: +34-964-728-240 (E.F.); +34-964-728-242 (M.C.)
| | - J. Alberto Marco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Valencia, Spain;
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8
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Marzo-Mas A, Conesa-Milián L, Noppen S, Liekens S, Falomir E, Murga J, Carda M, Marco JA. N-alpha-Aminoacyl Colchicines as Promising Anticancer Agents. Med Chem 2019; 17:21-32. [PMID: 31793423 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666191203112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, many efforts have been made to find colchicine derivatives with reduced toxicity. Additionally, the deregulation of amino acid uptake by cancer cells provides an opportunity to improve anticancer drug effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To design new colchicine derivatives with reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced selectivity by means of introducing aminoacyl groups. METHODS 34 colchicine analogues bearing L- and D-amino acid pendants were synthetized and characterized by NMR, IR and MS techniques. Cytotoxicity and antimitotic properties were assessed by spectrophotometry and cell cycle assays. Oncogene downregulation was studied by RTqPCR whereas in vivo studies were performed in SCID mice. RESULTS Compounds exhibit high antiproliferative activities at the nanomolar level while being, in general, less cytotoxic than colchicine. Most compounds inhibit the polymerization of tubulin in a way similar to colchicine itself, with L-amino acid derivatives being the most active in the inhibition of tubulin polymerization. All selected compounds caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase when tested at 1 μM. More specifically, Boc-L-proline derivative 6 arrested half of the population and showed one of the highest Selectivity Indexes. Derivatives 1 (Boc-glycine), 27 (D-leucine) and 31 (Boc-glycine-glycine) proved fairly active in downregulating the expression of the c-Myc, hTERT and VEGF oncogenes, with compound 6 (Boc-L-proline) having the highest activity. This compound was shown to exert a potent anti-tumor effect when administered intraperitoneally (LD50 > 100 mg/kg for 6, compared with 2.5 mg/kg for colchicine). CONCLUSION Compound 6 offers an opportunity to be used in cancer therapy with less toxicity problems than colchicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marzo-Mas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Conesa-Milián
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratorium Virologie en Chemotherapie (Rega Instituut), Rega - Herestraat 49 - bus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratorium Virologie en Chemotherapie (Rega Instituut), Rega - Herestraat 49 - bus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Falomir
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan Murga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan A Marco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Univ. Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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Guo HY, Jin C, Zhang HM, Jin CM, Shen QK, Quan ZS. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (+)-Usnic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9630-9642. [PMID: 31365255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Six series of (+)-usnic acid derivatives were synthesized. The IC50 values of these compounds were determined in T. gondii infected HeLa cells (μM) and in HeLa cells (μM), and their selectivity indexes (SI) were calculated. In vitro, most of the derivatives tested in this study exhibited more anti activity than that of the parent compound (+)-usnic acid and the positive control drugs. Among these derivatives, methyl (E)-(1-(6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-3,9b-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-2(1H)-ylidene)ethyl)phenylalaninate (D3) showed the most effective anti-T. gondii activity (selectivity >2.77). In comparison with the clinically used positive control drugs sulfadiazine (selectivity 1.15), pyrimethamine (selectivity 0.89), spiramycin (selectivity 0.72), and the lead compound (+)-usnic acid (selectivity 0.96), D3 showed better results in vitro. Furthermore, D3 and (E)-6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-2-(1-(quinolin-6-ylamino)ethylidene)dibenzo[b,d]furan-1,3(2H,9bH)-dione (F3) had greater inhibitory effects on T. gondii (inhibition rates 76.0% and 64.6%) in vivo in comparison to spiramycin (inhibition rate 55.2%); in the peritoneal cavity of mice, the number of tachyzoites was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in vivo. Additionally, some biochemical parameters were measured and spleen indexes were comprehensively evaluated, and the results indicated that mice treated with both compound D3 and compound F3 showed reduced hepatotoxicity and significantly enhanced antioxidative effects in comparison to the normal group. Granuloma and cyst formation were effected by the inhibition of compound D3 and compound F3 in liver sections. Overall, these results indicated that D3 and F3 for use as anti-T. gondii agents are promising lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - ChunMei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
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10
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Mo SR, Lai JC, Zeng KY, Wang DP, Li CH, Zuo JL. New insights into the mechanical and self-healing properties of polymers cross-linked by Fe(iii)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide coordination complexes. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Distinct mechanical and self-healing properties are observed in two PBCA polymers cross-linked by the mono-deprotonated complex [Fe(Hpdca)]+ and the double-deprotonated complex [Fe(pdca)]−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
| | - Jian-Cheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
| | - Ke-Yu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
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11
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Shah CP, Kharkar PS. Discovery of novel human inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (hIMPDH2) inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:286-301. [PMID: 30223117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) catalyzes an essential step in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, and thus regulates the guanine nucleotide pool required for cell proliferation. Of the two isoforms, human IMPDH type 2 (hIMPDH2) is a validated molecular target for potential immunosuppressive, antiviral and anticancer chemotherapy. In search of newer hIMPDH2 inhibitors as potential anticancer agents, three novel series (A: 5-aminoisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one, B: 3,4-dimethoxyaniline and C: benzo[d]-[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethanamine) were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro and cell-based activities. A total of 37 molecules (29-65) were screened for their in vitro hIMPDH2 inhibition, with particular emphasis on establishing their structure-activity relationship (SAR) trends. Eight compounds (hits, 30, 31, 33-35, 37, 41 and 43) demonstrated significant enzyme inhibition (>70% @ 10 μM); especially the A series molecules were more potent than B series (<70% inhibition @ 10 μM), while C series members were found to be inactive. The hIMPDH2 IC50 values for the hits ranged from 0.36 to 7.38 μM. The hits displaying >80% hIMPDH2 inhibition (30, 33, 35, 41 and 43) were further assessed for their cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines such as MDA-MB-231 (breast adenocarcinoma), DU145 (prostate carcinoma), U87 MG (glioblastoma astrocytoma) and a normal cell line, NIH-3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblast) using MTT assay. Most of the compounds exhibited higher cellular potency against cancer cell lines and notably lower toxicity towards NIH-3T3 cells compared to mycophenolic acid (MPA), a prototypical hIMPDH2 inhibitor. Two of the series A hits (30 and 35) were evaluated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC) assay and found to be better tolerated than MPA. The calculated/predicted molecular and physicochemical properties were satisfactory with reference to drug-likeness. The molecular docking studies clearly demonstrated crucial interactions of the hits with the cofactor-binding site of hIMPDH2, further providing critical information for refining the design strategy. The present study reports the design and discovery of structurally novel hIMPDH2 inhibitors as potential anticancer agents and provides a guide for further research on the development of safe and effective anticancer agents, especially against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan P Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400 056, India
| | - Prashant S Kharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400 056, India.
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12
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Zhang HB, Shen QK, Wang H, Jin C, Jin CM, Quan ZS. Synthesis and evaluation of novel arctigenin derivatives as potential anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:414-427. [PMID: 30237124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Four new series of arctigenin derivatives were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for their anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity in vitro and in vivo. Among the synthesised compounds, 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-3-(4-((1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H- 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (D4) exhibited the most potent anti-T. gondii activity and low cytotoxicity (IC50 in T. gondii: 17.1 μM; IC50 in HeLa cells: ≥ 600.0 μM; Selectivity: 35.09), demonstrating better results than the lead compound arctigenin (IC50 in T. gondii: 586.4 μM; IC50 in HeLa cells: 572.7 μM; Selectivity: 0.98) and the clinically applied positive-control drug spiramycin (IC50 in T. gondi: 262.2 μM; IC50 in HeLa cells: 189.0 μM; Selectivity: 0.72) in vitro. Furthermore, 2-(4-((4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)-2- methoxyphenoxy)N-phenylacetamide (E5) had better inhibitory effects on T. gondii in vivo than spiramycin did. Compound D4 and E5 not only significantly reduced the number of tachyzoites in the peritoneal cavity of mice, but also resulted in their partial malformation (P < 0.05) in vivo. The determination of liver and spleen index and biochemical parameters, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were comprehensively evaluated for compound D4 and E5's anti-T. gondii activity and some damage to the liver. In addition, the results of a docking study of D4 into the T. gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (TgCDPK1) receptor protein-binding site revealed that its mode of action was possibly as a TgCDPK1 inhibitor. Overall, the results revealed that D4 and E5 are promising lead compounds for the further development and identification of arctigenin derivatives as anti-T. gondii agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Chunmei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Chun-Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
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13
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Zhang Q, Yang B, Li F, Liu M, Lin S, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhu H, Sun W, Hu Z, Zhang Y. Mycophenolic Acid Derivatives with Immunosuppressive Activity from the Coral-Derived Fungus Penicillium bialowiezense. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E230. [PMID: 29986508 PMCID: PMC6070797 DOI: 10.3390/md16070230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a potent inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor for immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Most importantly, as the 2-morpholinoethyl ester prodrug of MPA, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a well-known immunosuppressant used to prevent rejection in organ transplantations. Nevertheless, due to its frequently occurred side effects, searching for new therapeutic agents is ongoing. In our current work, by virtue of efficient bioassay-guided fractionation and purification, eleven mycophenolic acid derivatives, including five previously unreported metabolites (3⁻7) and six known compounds (1, 2, and 8⁻11), were obtained from the coral-derived fungus Penicillium bialowiezense. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analyses (including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data) and comparison of the NMR and other physical data with those reported in the literature in the case of the known compounds. All the isolates 1⁻11 were evaluated for the immunosuppressive activity, and 1⁻3 showed potent IMPDH2 inhibitory potency with IC50 values of 0.84⁻0.95 μM, which were comparable to that of MPA (the positive control), while 4⁻10 showed significant inhibitory potency with IC50 values of 3.27⁻24.68 μM. All the MPA derivatives showed promising immunosuppressive activity, endowing them as potential drug leads for organ transplantations and autoimmune related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Beiye Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Fengli Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Mengting Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Shuang Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jianping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yongbo Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hucheng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Weiguang Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhengxi Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Tsolaki E, Eleftheriou P, Kartsev V, Geronikaki A, Saxena AK. Application of Docking Analysis in the Prediction and Biological Evaluation of the Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Action of Thiazolyl Derivatives of Mycophenolic Acid. Molecules 2018; 23:E1621. [PMID: 29970872 PMCID: PMC6099768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
5-LOX inhibition is among the desired characteristics of anti-inflammatory drugs, while 15-LOX has also been considered as a drug target. Similarity in inhibition behavior between soybean LOX-1 and human 5-LOX has been observed and soybean LOX (sLOX) type 1b has been used for the evaluation of LOX inhibition in drug screening for years. After prediction of LOX inhibition by PASS and docking as well as toxicity by PROTOX and ToxPredict sixteen (E)-N-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enamide derivatives with lengths varying from about 15⁻20 Å were evaluated in vitro for LOX inhibitory action using the soybean lipoxygenase sLOX 1b. Docking analysis was performed using soybean LOX L-1 (1YGE), soybean LOX-3 (1JNQ), human 5-LOX (3O8Y and 3V99) and mammalian 15-LOX (1LOX) structures. Different dimensions of target center and docking boxes and a cavity prediction algorithm were used. The compounds exhibited inhibitory action between 2.5 μΜ and 165 μΜ. Substituents with an electronegative atom at two-bond proximity to position 4 of the thiazole led to enhanced activity. Docking results indicated that the LOX structures 1JNQ, 3V99 and 1LOX can effectively be used for estimation of LOX inhibition and amino acid interactions of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Tsolaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Phaedra Eleftheriou
- Department of Medical Laboratories, School of Health and Care Professions, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 54700 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Anil K Saxena
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, 226031 Lucknow, India.
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Shah CP, Kharkar PS. Newer human inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (hIMPDH2) inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:972-977. [PMID: 29792360 PMCID: PMC6009919 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1474211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (hIMPDH2), being an age-old target, has attracted attention recently for anticancer drug development. Mycophenolic acid (MPA), a well-known immunosuppressant drug, was used a lead structure to design and develop modestly potent and selective analogues. The steep structure–activity relationship (SAR) requirements of the lead molecule left little scope to synthesise newer analogues. Here, newer MPA amides were designed, synthesised and evaluated for hIMPDH2 inhibition and cellular efficacy in breast, prostate and glioblastoma cell lines. Few title compounds exhibited cellular activity profile better than MPA itself. The observed differences in the overall biological profile could be attributed to improved structural and physicochemical properties of the analogues over MPA. This is the first report of the activity of MPA derivatives in glioblastoma, the most aggressive brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan P Shah
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS , Mumbai , India
| | - Prashant S Kharkar
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS , Mumbai , India
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16
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Chopade SS, Dhaneshwar SS. Determination of the mitigating effect of colon-specific bioreversible codrugs of mycophenolic acid and aminosugars in an experimental colitis model in Wistar rats. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1093-1106. [PMID: 29563754 PMCID: PMC5850129 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i10.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To design colon-targeted codrugs of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and aminosugars as a safer option to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the management of inflammatory bowel disease.
METHODS Codrugs were synthesized by coupling MPA with aminosugars (D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine) using EDCI coupling. The structures were confirmed by infrared radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The release profile of codrugs was extensively studied in aqueous buffers, upper gastrointestinal homogenates, faecal matter and caecal homogenates (in vitro) and rat blood (in vitro). Anti-colitic activity was assessed in 2,4,6-trinitrobezenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in Wistar rats by the estimation of various demarcating parameters. Statistical evaluation was performed by applying one-way and two-way ANOVA when compared with the disease control.
RESULTS The prodrugs resisted activation in HCl buffer (pH 1.2) and stomach homogenates of rats with negligible hydrolysis in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and intestinal homogenates. Incubation with colon homogenates (in vitro) produced 76% to 89% release of MPA emphasizing colon-specific activation of codrugs and the release of MPA and aminosugars at the site of action. In the in vitro studies, the prodrug of MPA with D-glucosamine (MGLS) was selected which resulted in 68% release of MPA in blood. in vitro studies on MGLS revealed its colon-specific activation after a lag time of 8 h which could be ascribed to the hydrolytic action of N-acyl amidases found in the colon. The synthesized codrugs markedly diminished disease activity score and revived the disrupted architecture of the colon that was comparable to MMF but superior to MPA.
CONCLUSION The significant attenuating effect of prodrugs and individual aminosugars on colonic inflammation proved that the rationale of the codrug approach is valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakuntala Santosh Chopade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune 411038, India
| | - Suneela Sunil Dhaneshwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune 411038, India
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Siebert A, Cholewiński G, Garwolińska D, Olejnik A, Rachoń J, Chojnacki J. The synthesis and structure of a potential immunosuppressant: N-mycophenoyl malonic acid dimethyl ester. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Siebert A, Wysocka M, Krawczyk B, Cholewiński G, Rachoń J. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of amino acid and peptide derivatives of mycophenolic acid. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:646-655. [PMID: 29216563 PMCID: PMC7173178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The series of 16 novel amino acid and peptide mycophenolic acid (MPA) derivatives was obtained as potential antibacterial agents. Coupling of MPA with respective amines was optimized with condensing reagents such as EDCI/DMAP and T3P/TEA. Amino acid analogs were received both as methyl esters and also with the free carboxylic group. The biological activity of the products was tested on five references bacterial strains: Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 (ESBL), Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus aureus MSSA ATCC 25923. Peptide derivatives proved to be the most versatile ones, their MIC values relative to most strains was lower than MPA alone. It has been noted that the activity of amino acid derivatives depends on the configuration at the chiral center in the amino acid unit and methyl esters indicated better antimicrobial activity than analogs with free carboxylic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Siebert
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wysocka
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Beata Krawczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cholewiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Janusz Rachoń
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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19
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Zhang HJ, Zhang GR, Piao HR, Quan ZS. Synthesis and characterisation of celastrol derivatives as potential anticancer agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 33:190-198. [PMID: 29231066 PMCID: PMC6009949 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1404590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three series of novel celastrol derivatives were designed and synthesised by modifying the carboxylic acid at the 20th position with amino acid, amine, and triazole derivatives. All the synthesised compounds were screened for their anticancer activities using MTT assay against AGS, MGC-803, SGC-7901, HCT-116, A549, HeLa, BEL-7402, and HepG-2 cell lines. Most of the synthesised compounds exhibited potent antiproliferative effects. The most promising compound 3-Hydroxy-9β,13α-dimethyl-2-oxo-24,25,26-trinoroleana-1(10),3,5,7-tetraen-29-oic amide, N-(R)-methyl-3-(1H-indol-2-yl)propanoate (11) showed considerable high anticancer activity against AGS cell lines, with an IC50 value of 0.44 μM, and considerably higher activities against HCT-116, BEL-7402, and HepG-2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.78, 0.63, and 0.76 μM, respectively. The results of apoptosis tests and molecular docking study of compound 11 binding to Caspase-3 revealed that its mechanism of action with antiproliferative was possibly involved in inducing apoptosis by inducing the activation of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jian Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin , China
| | - Guo-Rui Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin , China
| | - Hu-Ri Piao
- a Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin , China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- a Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin , China
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Iwaszkiewicz-Grzes D, Cholewinski G, Kot-Wasik A, Trzonkowski P, Dzierzbicka K. Investigations on the immunosuppressive activity of derivatives of mycophenolic acid in immature dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:137-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Prejs M, Cholewinski G, Siebert A, Trzonkowski P, Dzierzbicka K. New conjugates of mycophenolic acid and their antiproliferative activity. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2016; 18:1057-1062. [PMID: 27229268 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1184653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The new conjugates of mycophenolic acid (MPA) were obtained in the reaction of N(6)-(ω-aminoalkyl)adenosines with MPA in the presence of EDCI as a coupling reagent. New compounds 4a-h were evaluated on leukemia cell line (Jurkat) and PBMC from healthy donors. Length of the linker influenced observed activity. The compound 4b possessing 1,3-diamine spacer exhibited the most promising results and can be considered to further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Prejs
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , 80-233 Gdansk , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cholewinski
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , 80-233 Gdansk , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siebert
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , 80-233 Gdansk , Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- b Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology , Medical University of Gdansk , 80-211 Gdansk , Poland
| | - Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , 80-233 Gdansk , Poland
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Pankiewicz KW, Felczak K. From ribavirin to NAD analogues and back to ribavirin in search for anticancer agents. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2015-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractRibavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral agent is used in the clinic alone or in combination with other antivirals and/or interferons. Numerous structural analogues of ribavirin have been developed, among them tiazofurin, which is inactive against viruses but is a potent anticancer drug. Tiazofurin was found to inhibit nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) after metabolic conversion into tiazofurin adenine dinucleotide (TAD), which binds well but could not serve as IMPDH cofactor. TAD showed high selectivity against human IMPDH vs. other cellular dehydrogenases. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) was even more specific, binding at the cofactor-binding domain of IMPDH. Ribavirin adenine dinucleotide, however, did not show any significant inhibition at the enzymatic level. We synthesized numerous NAD analogues in which natural nicotinamide riboside was replaced by tiazofurin, MPA moiety, or benzamide riboside, and the adenosine moiety as well as the pyrophosphate linker were broadly modified. Some of these compounds were found to be low nanomolar inhibitors of the enzyme and sub-micromolar inhibitors of cancer cell line proliferation. The best were as potent as tyrosine kinase inhibitor gleevec heralded as a ‘magic bullet’ against chronic myelogenous leukemia. In recent years, ribavirin was rediscovered as a potential anticancer agent against number of tumors including leukemia. It was clearly established that its antitumor activity is related to the inhibition of an oncogene, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF4E).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof W. Pankiewicz
- 1University of Minnesota Center for Drug Design, MMC 204, 516 Delaware Street NE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Krzysztof Felczak
- 1University of Minnesota Center for Drug Design, MMC 204, 516 Delaware Street NE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Cholewinski G, Iwaszkiewicz-Grzes D, Trzonkowski P, Dzierzbicka K. Synthesis and biological activity of ester derivatives of mycophenolic acid and acridines/acridones as potential immunosuppressive agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:974-82. [PMID: 26308114 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1077821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved derivatives of mycophenolic acid (MPA) are necessary to reduce the frequency of adverse effects, this drug exerts in treated patients. In this study, MPA was coupled with N-(ω-hydroxyalkyl)-9-acridone-4-carboxamides or N-(ω-hydroxyalkyl)acridine-4-carboxamides to give respective ester conjugates upon Yamaguchi protocol. This esterification required protection of phenol group in MPA. Designed conjugates revealed higher potency in vitro than parent MPA. Acridine derivatives were more active than acridone analogs and length of the alkyl linker between MPA and heterocyclic units influenced the observed cytotoxicity. Derivatives 2b, 2d, 3a, 3b displayed the most promising immunosuppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Cholewinski
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , Gdansk , Poland and
| | | | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- b Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland
| | - Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- a Department of Organic Chemistry , Gdansk University of Technology , Gdansk , Poland and
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Synthesis of PAMAM Dendrimers Loaded with Mycophenolic Acid to Be Studied as New Potential Immunosuppressants. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/263072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The terminalN-Boc protected diamino PAMAM7was condensed (EDC-DMAP) with two units of mycophenolic acid (MPA) giving theN-Boc protected dendron8in a good yield (76%). The ammonium trifluoroacetate9was prepared from8by acid treatment (TFA-THF-H2O) and was split into two equal parts. The first half was treated with di-2-pyridyl thionocarbonate (DPT) in the presence of Et3N to give the corresponding isothiocyanate10. This was reacted with the second half of9providing the symmetrical dendrimer11(68% yield), exposing four MPA units around the thioureido-PAMAM core.
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Cholewiński G, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Prejs M, Głowacka A, Dzierzbicka K. Synthesis of the inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:550-63. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.951349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dikusar EA, Potkin VI, Pyatkevich SK. Synthesis of lithium, sodium, cesium, and calcium salts of (E)-4- or (E,S)-3-methyl-2-(5-arylisoxazol-3-yl)-methyleneaminobutanoic, (E,S)-4-methyl-2- or (E,2S,3S)-3-methyl-2-(5-arylisoxazol-3-yl)methyleneaminopentanoic, and (E)-6-(5-arylisoxazol-3-yl)methyleneaminohexanoic acids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214090102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Felczak K, Vince R, Pankiewicz KW. NAD-based inhibitors with anticancer potential. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:332-6. [PMID: 24269162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Three classes of novel inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase have been prepared and their anti-proliferative properties were evaluated against several cancer cell lines. (1) Mycophenolic adenine dinucleotide analogues (8-13) containing a substituent at the C2 of adenine ring were found to be potent inhibitors of IMPDH (Ki's in range of 0.6-82nM) and sub-μM inhibitors of leukemic K562 cell proliferation. (2) Mycophenolic adenosine (d and l) esters (20 and 21) showed a potent inhibition of IMPDH2 (Ki=102 and Ki=231nM, respectively) and inhibition of K562 cell growth (IC50=0.5 and IC50=1.6μM). These compounds serve both as inhibitors of the enzyme and as a depot form of mycophenolic acid. The corresponding amide analogue 22, also a potent inhibitor of IMPDH (Ki=84nM), did not inhibit cancer cell proliferation. (3) Mycophenolic-(l)- and (d)-valine adenine di-amide derivatives 25 (Ki=9nM) and 28 (Ki=3nM) were found to be very potent enzymatically, but did not inhibit proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Felczak
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Robert Vince
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Krzysztof W Pankiewicz
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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