1
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Doan NQH, Nguyen NTK, Duong VB, Nguyen HTT, Vong LB, Duong DN, Nguyen NTT, Nguyen TLT, Do TTH, Truong TN. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of 1-Aryl-1 H-pyrazole-Fused Curcumin Analogues as Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33963-33984. [PMID: 36188331 PMCID: PMC9520563 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the growing burden of cancer and the shortcomings of chemotherapy in cancer treatment are the current research goals. Research to overcome the limitations of curcumin and to improve its anticancer activity via its heterocycle-fused monocarbonyl analogues (MACs) has immense potential. In this study, 32 asymmetric MACs fused with 1-aryl-1H-pyrazole (7a-10h) were synthesized and characterized to develop new curcumin analogues. Subsequently, via initial screening for cytotoxic activity, nine compounds exhibited potential growth inhibition against MDA-MB-231 (IC50 2.43-7.84 μM) and HepG2 (IC50 4.98-14.65 μM), in which seven compounds showing higher selectivities on two cancer cell lines than the noncancerous LLC-PK1 were selected for cell-free in vitro screening for effects on microtubule assembly activity. Among those, compounds 7d, 7h, and 10c showed effective inhibitions of microtubule assembly at 20.0 μM (40.76-52.03%), indicating that they could act as microtubule-destabilizing agents. From the screening results, three most potential compounds, 7d, 7h, and 10c, were selected for further evaluation of cellular effects on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The apoptosis-inducing study indicated that these three compounds could cause morphological changes at 1.0 μM and could enhance caspase-3 activity (1.33-1.57 times) at 10.0 μM in MDA-MB-231 cells, confirming their apoptosis-inducing activities. Additionally, in cell cycle analysis, compounds 7d and 7h at 2.5 μM and 10c at 5.0 μM also arrested MDA-MB-231 cells in the G2/M phase. Finally, the results from in silico studies revealed that the predicted absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and the toxicity (ADMET) profile of the most potent MACs might have several advantages in addition to potential disadvantages, and compound 7h could bind into (ΔG -10.08 kcal·mol-1) and access wider space at the colchicine-binding site (CBS) than that of colchicine or nocodazole via molecular docking studies. In conclusion, our study serves as a basis for the design of promising synthetic compounds as anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Q. H. Doan
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ngan T. K. Nguyen
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vu B. Duong
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ha T. T. Nguyen
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Long B. Vong
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Diem N. Duong
- Immunology
Lab, Vaccines and Biologicals Production Department, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyet-Thu T. Nguyen
- Immunology
Lab, Vaccines and Biologicals Production Department, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen L. T. Nguyen
- Saigon
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Center, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuoi T. H. Do
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen N. Truong
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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2
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Functionalized Nitroimidazole Scaffold Construction and Their Pharmaceutical Applications: A 1950–2021 Comprehensive Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050561. [PMID: 35631389 PMCID: PMC9144801 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroimidazole represents one of the most essential and unique scaffolds in drug discovery since its discovery in the 1950s. It was K. Maeda in Japan who reported in 1953 the first nitroimidazole as a natural product from Nocardia mesenterica with antibacterial activity, which was later identified as Azomycin 1 (2-nitroimidazole) and remained in focus until now. This natural antibiotic was the starting point for synthesizing numerous analogs and regio-isomers, leading to several life-saving drugs and clinical candidates against a number of diseases, including infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic) and cancers, as well as imaging agents in medicine/diagnosis. In the present decade, the nitroimidazole scaffold has again been given two life-saving drugs (Delamanid and Pretomanid) used to treat MDR (multi-drug resistant) tuberculosis. Keeping in view the highly successful track-record of the nitroimidazole scaffold in providing breakthrough therapeutic drugs, this comprehensive review focuses explicitly on presenting the activity profile and synthetic chemistry of functionalized nitroimidazole (2-, 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles as well as the fused nitroimidazoles) based drugs and leads published from 1950 to 2021. The present review also presents the miscellaneous examples in each class. In addition, the mutagenic profile of nitroimidazole-based drugs and leads and derivatives is also discussed.
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3
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Yao Y, Huang T, Wang Y, Wang L, Feng S, Cheng W, Yang L, Duan Y. Angiogenesis and anti-leukaemia activity of novel indole derivatives as potent colchicine binding site inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:652-665. [PMID: 35109719 PMCID: PMC8820799 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2032688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The screened compound DYT-1 from our in-house library was taken as a lead (inhibiting tubulin polymerisation: IC50=25.6 µM, anti-angiogenesis in Zebrafish: IC50=38.4 µM, anti-proliferation against K562 and Jurkat: IC50=6.2 and 7.9 µM, respectively). Further investigation of medicinal chemistry conditions yielded compound 29e (inhibiting tubulin polymerisation: IC50=4.8 µM and anti-angiogenesis in Zebrafish: IC50=3.6 µM) based on tubulin and zebrafish assays, which displayed noteworthily nanomolar potency against a variety of leukaemia cell lines (IC50= 0.09–1.22 µM), especially K562 cells where apoptosis was induced. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, radioligand binding assay and cellular microtubule networks disruption results showed that 29e stably binds to the tubulin colchicine site. 29e significantly inhibited HUVEC tube formation, migration and invasion in vitro. Anti-angiogenesis in vivo was confirmed by zebrafish xenograft. 29e also prominently blocked K562 cell proliferation and metastasis in blood vessels and surrounding tissues of the zebrafish xenograft model. Together with promising physicochemical property and metabolic stability, 29e could be considered an effective anti-angiogenesis and -leukaemia drug candidate that binds to the tubulin colchicine site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Yao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P.R China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siqi Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weyland Cheng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longhua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Hong Y, Zhu YY, He Q, Gu SX. Indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the development of promising anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 55:116597. [PMID: 34995858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The α- and β-tubulins are the major polypeptide components of microtubules (MTs), which are attractive targets for anticancer drug development. Indole derivatives display a variety of biological activities including antitumor activity. In recent years, a great number of indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors have sprung up, which encourages medicinal chemists to pursue promising inhibitors with improved antitumor activities, excellent physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. In this review, the recent progress from 2010 to present in the development of indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors was summarized and reviewed, which would provide useful clues and inspirations for further design of outstanding tubulin polymerization inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Qiuqin He
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Shuang-Xi Gu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
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5
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Sun M, Qin J, Kang Y, Zhang Y, Ba M, Yang H, Duan Y, Yao Y. 2-Methoxydiol derivatives as new tubulin and HDAC dual-targeting inhibitors, displaying antitumor and antiangiogenic response. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Sun M, Zhang Y, Qin J, Ba M, Yao Y, Duan Y, Liu H, Yu D. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 2-methoxyestradiol derivatives: Potent inhibitors of angiogenesis and tubulin polymerization. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104988. [PMID: 34034135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the structural optimization of a hit natural compound, 2-ME2 (2-methoxyestradiol), which exhibited inhibitory activity but low potency on tubulin polymerization, anti- angiogenesis, MCF-7 proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. A novel series of 3,17-modified and 17-modified analogs of 2-ME2 were synthesized and investigated for their antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and another five different human cancer cell lines leading to the discovery of 9i. 9i bind to tubulin colchicine site tightly, inhibited tubulin polymerization and disrupted cellular microtubule networks. Cellular mechanism studies revealed that 9i could induce G2/M phase arrest by down-regulated expression of p-Cdc2, P21 and cell apoptosis by regulating apoptosis-related proteins (Parp, Caspase families) in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, 9i significantly inhibited HUVEC tube formation, proliferation, migration and invasion. The inhibitory effect against angiogenesis in vivo was confirmed by zebrafish xenograft. Furthermore, 9i could effectively inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of MCF-7 cells in vitro and in zebrafish xenograft. The satisfactory physicochemical property and metabolic stability of 9i further indicated that it can act as a promising and potent anti-angiogenesis, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer agent via targeting tubulin colchicine binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jinling Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mengyu Ba
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
| | - Hongmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Dequan Yu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021,China
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7
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Metronidazole-conjugates: A comprehensive review of recent developments towards synthesis and medicinal perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112994. [PMID: 33234343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitroimidazoles based compounds remain a hot topic of research in medicinal chemistry due to their numerous biological activities. Moreover, many clinical candidates based on this chemical core have been reported to be valuable in the treatment of human diseases. Metronidazole (MTZ) derived conjugates demonstrated a potential application in medicinal chemistry research over the last decade. In this review, we summarize the synthesis, key structure-activity-relationship (SAR) and associated biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV and anti-parasitic (Anti-trichomonas, antileishmanial, antiamoebic and anti-giardial) of explored MTZ-conjugates. The molecular docking analysis is also presented simultaneously, which will assist in developing an understanding towards designing of new MTZ-conjugates for target-based drug discovery against multiple disease areas.
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8
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Wang Y, Yao Y, Zhu HL, Duan Y. Butterfly Structure: A Privileged Scaffold Targeting Tubulin-Colchicine Binding Site. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1505-1508. [PMID: 32543362 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999200616132924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
:
Butterfly-shaped structure, as a novel scaffold with an attractive and certain shape, has been
widely used in new drug discovery. Tubulin, composing of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers, plays a key
role in mitosis and cell division which are regarded as an excellent target for cancer therapy. Currently, a
series of butterfly shape diaryl heterocyclic compounds have been reported with strong potential against
the tubulin-colchicine binding site. It is with one ring buried in the β subunit, another ring interacts with
the α subunit and the main body is located in the flat pocket. Here, we firstly introduce the concept of
butterfly structure for the tubulin inhibitors, focusing on the latest advancements in a variety of molecules
bearing butterfly structure, and then highlight the challenges and future direction of butterfly structure-
based tubulin-colchicine binding site inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory Of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory Of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
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9
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Duan Y, Liu W, Tian L, Mao Y, Song C. Targeting Tubulin-colchicine Site for Cancer Therapy: Inhibitors, Antibody- Drug Conjugates and Degradation Agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1289-1304. [PMID: 31210108 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190618130008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are essential for the mitotic division of cells and have been an attractive target
for antitumour drugs due to the increased incidence of cancer and significant mitosis rate of tumour cells.
In the past few years, tubulin-colchicine binding site, as one of the three binding pockets including taxol-,
vinblastine- and colchicine-binding sites, has been focused on to design tubulin-destabilizing agents including
inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates and degradation agents. The present review is the first to
cover a systemic and recent synopsis of tubulin-colchicine binding site agents. We believe that it would
provide an increase in our understanding of receptor-ligand interaction pattern and consciousness of a
series of challenges about tubulin target druggability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Liang Tian
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yanna Mao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Chuanjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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10
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Martínez‐López D, García‐Iriepa C, Piñeiro‐Hermida S, López IP, Fernández‐Martínez D, Alfaro‐Arnedo E, Pichel JG, Campos PJ, Sampedro D. Design and Synthesis of Metronidazole‐Based Photoswitches With Potential Biological Applications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Martínez‐López
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja Madre de Dios 53 E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Cristina García‐Iriepa
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja Madre de Dios 53 E-26006 Logroño Spain
- Department of Physical ChemistryUniversidad de Alcalá E-28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Sergio Piñeiro‐Hermida
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) Fundación Rioja Salud E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Icíar P. López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) Fundación Rioja Salud E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Diana Fernández‐Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja Madre de Dios 53 E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Elvira Alfaro‐Arnedo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) Fundación Rioja Salud E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - José G. Pichel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) Fundación Rioja Salud E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Pedro J. Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja Madre de Dios 53 E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Diego Sampedro
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja Madre de Dios 53 E-26006 Logroño Spain
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11
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Faghih-Mirzaei E, Sabouri S, Zeidabadinejad L, AbdolahRamazani S, Abaszadeh M, Khodadadi A, Shamsadinipour M, Jafari M, Pirhadi S. Metronidazole aryloxy, carboxy and azole derivatives: Synthesis, anti-tumor activity, QSAR, molecular docking and dynamics studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:305-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Abstract
The nitro group is considered to be a versatile and unique functional group in medicinal chemistry. Despite a long history of use in therapeutics, the nitro group has toxicity issues and is often categorized as a structural alert or a toxicophore, and evidence related to drugs containing nitro groups is rather contradictory. In general, drugs containing nitro groups have been extensively associated with mutagenicity and genotoxicity. In this context, efforts toward the structure-mutagenicity or structure-genotoxicity relationships have been undertaken. The current Perspective covers various aspects of agents that contain nitro groups, their bioreductive activation mechanisms, their toxicities, and approaches to combat their toxicity issues. In addition, recent advances in the field of anticancer, antitubercular and antiparasitic agents containing nitro groups, along with a patent survey on hypoxia-activated prodrugs containing nitro groups, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
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13
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-substituted 3-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinoxaline-6-carboxylic acid derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:8-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Narasimha Rao MP, Nagaraju B, Kovvuri J, Polepalli S, Alavala S, Vishnuvardhan MVPS, Swapna P, Nimbarte VD, Lakshmi JK, Jain N, Kamal A. Synthesis of imidazo-thiadiazole linked indolinone conjugates and evaluated their microtubule network disrupting and apoptosis inducing ability. Bioorg Chem 2017; 76:420-436. [PMID: 29275261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole linked indolinone conjugates were synthesized and investigated for antiproliferative activity in different human cancer cell lines by changing various substitutions at indolinone and phenyl ring systems. Among them conjugates 7, 14 and 15 were exhibited potent antiproliferative activity with GI50 values from 0.13 to 3.8 μΜ and evaluated for cell cycle analysis, tubulin polymerization assay and apoptosis. Treatment with 7, 14 and 15 were resulted in accumulation of cells in G2/M phase, inhibition of tubulin assembly, disruption of microtubule network. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization was further supported by Western blot analysis. In addition, the conjugates (7, 14 and 15) also showed apoptosis in HeLa cell line, detailed biological studies such as Hoechst 33,258 staining, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 assays suggested that these compounds induce cell death by apoptosis. Docking studies revealed that these compounds (7, 14 and 15) bind with αAsn101, αThr179, αSer178, βCys241, βLys254 and βLys352 in the colchicine-binding site of the tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Narasimha Rao
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Burri Nagaraju
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jeshma Kovvuri
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sowjanya Polepalli
- Centre for Chemical Biology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sateesh Alavala
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - M V P S Vishnuvardhan
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - P Swapna
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Vijaykumar D Nimbarte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Educational & Research, Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Jerripothula K Lakshmi
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Structural Chemistry, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Nishant Jain
- Centre for Chemical Biology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Pharmacology & Toxicology Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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15
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Yao YF, Wang ZC, Wu SY, Li QF, Yu C, Liang XY, Lv PC, Duan YT, Zhu HL. Identification of novel 1-indolyl acetate-5-nitroimidazole derivatives of combretastatin A-4 as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 137:10-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Wang YT, Cai XC, Shi TQ, Zhang YL, Wang ZC, Liu CH, Zhu HL. Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of 1-phenylsulphonyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives as novel potential tubulin assembling inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:112-118. [PMID: 28032450 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 1-phenylsulphonyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and anthropic cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 33 displayed the most potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 = 1.41 μM) and strong antiproliferative activities against A549, Hela, HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro with GI50 value of 1.6, 2.7, 2.9 and 4.3 μM, respectively, comparable with the positive control colchicine (GI50 value of 4.1, 7.2, 9.5 and 14.5 μM, respectively) and CA-4 (GI50 value of 2.2, 4.3, 6.4 and 11.4 μM, respectively). Simultaneously, we evaluated that compound 33 could effectively induce apoptosis of A549 associated with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Immunofluorescence microscopy also clearly indicated compound 33 a potent antimicrotubule agent. Docking simulation showed that compound 33 could bind tightly with the colchicine-binding site and act as a tubulin inhibitor. Three-dimensional-QSAR model was also built to provide more pharmacophore understanding that could be used to design new agents with more potent tubulin assembling inhibitory activity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun-Chao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Indole molecules as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization: potential new anticancer agents, an update (2013–2015). Future Med Chem 2016; 8:1291-316. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery of new indole-based tubulin polymerization inhibitors will continue to dominate the synthetic efforts of many medicinal chemists working in the field. The indole ring system is an essential part of several tubulin inhibitors identified in the recent years. The present review article will update the synthesis, anticancer and tubulin inhibition activities of several important new indole classes such as 2-phenylindoles (28, 29 & 30), oxindoles (35 & 38), indole-3-acrylamides (44), indolines (46), aroylindoles (49), carbozoles (75, 76 & 82), azacarbolines (87) and annulated indoles (100–105).
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18
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Design, Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel link-bridge and B-Ring Modified Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) Analogues as Potent Antitubulin Agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25387. [PMID: 27138035 PMCID: PMC4853715 DOI: 10.1038/srep25387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 12 novel acylhydrazone, chalcone and amide–bridged analogues of combretastatin A-4 were designed and synthesized toward tubulin. All these compounds were determined by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, and MS. Among them, compound 7 with acylhydrazone-bridge, bearing a benzyl at the indole-N position, was identified as a potent antiproliferative agent against a panel of cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.08 to 35.6 μM. In contrast, its cytotoxic effects on three normal human cells were minimal. Cellular studies have revealed that the induction of apoptosis by compound 7 was associated with a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, alterations in the expression of some cell cycle-related proteins (Cyclin B1, Cdc25c, Cdc2, P21) and some apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, PARP, Bcl-2, Caspase3). The docking mode showed the binding posture of CA-4 and compound 7 are similar in the colchicine-binding pocket of tubulin, as confirmed by colchicine-tubulin competitive binding assay, tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity, extracellular protein expression determination assay and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. In vivo study, compound 7 effectively inhibited A549 xenograft tumor growth without causing significant loss of body weight suggesting that compound 7 is a promising new antimitotic agent with clinical potential.
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19
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Efimov I, Beliaev N, Beryozkina T, Slepukhin P, Bakulev V. A catalyst and additive-free three-component reaction of highly electrophilic azides with cyclic ketones and cycloaliphatic amines. Synthesis of novel N-heteroaryl amidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Hu MJ, Zhang B, Yang HK, Liu Y, Chen YR, Ma TZ, Lu L, You WW, Zhao PL. Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Indole-Pyrimidine Hybrids as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1491-500. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jin Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Hai-Kui Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yu-Rong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Tian-Zhu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Ling Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Wen-Wei You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Pei-Liang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
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21
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Wang SB, Wang XF, Qin B, Ohkoshi E, Hsieh KY, Hamel E, Cui MT, Zhu DQ, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Xie L. Optimization of N-aryl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5740-7. [PMID: 26242242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen new N-aryl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compounds (4a-f, 6a-c, and 8a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activity and drug-like properties. Compound 4a exhibited high inhibitory potency with low nanomolar GI50 values of 16-20 nM in cellular assays, including excellent activity against the P-glycoprotein overexpressing cell line KBvin. Compound 4a inhibited colchicine binding to tubulin and tubulin assembly with an IC50 value of 0.85 μM, superior to the reference compound CA4 (1.2 μM) in the same assay. In addition, 4a also exhibited highly improved water solubility (75 μg/mL) and a suitable logP value (3.43) at pH 7.4. With a good balance between antitumor potency and drug-like properties, compound 4a could be a new potential drug candidate for further development. Current results on SAR studies and molecular modeling provided more insight about this class of compounds as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Biao Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bingjie Qin
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kan-Yen Hsieh
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mu-Tian Cui
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dong-Qing Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lan Xie
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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22
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Wang YT, Qin YJ, Yang N, Zhang YL, Liu CH, Zhu HL. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of novel 1-benzene acyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 99:125-37. [PMID: 26070164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1-benzene acyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors and for the cytotoxicity against anthropic cancer cell lines. Among the novel compounds, compound 11f was demonstrated the most potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.5 μM) and antiproliferative activity against A549, HepG2 and MCF-7 (GI50 = 2.4, 3.8 and 5.1 μM, respectively), which was compared with the positive control colchicine and CA-4. We also evaluated that compound 11f could effectively induce apoptosis of A549 associated with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Docking simulation and 3D-QSAR model in these studies provided more information that could be applied to design new molecules with more potent tubulin inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Ya-Juan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Ya-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Chang-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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