1
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Zhang JF, Hong LH, Fan SY, Zhu L, Yu ZP, Chen C, Kong LY, Luo JG. Discovery of piperine derivatives as inhibitors of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107594. [PMID: 38941701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) represents a promising strategy for suppressing the proliferation of cancer cells. To identify novel and potent hDHODH inhibitors, a total of 28 piperine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their cytotoxicities against three human cancer cell lines (NCI-H226, HCT-116, and MDA-MB-231) and hDHODH inhibitory activities were also evaluated. Among them, compound H19, exhibited the strongest inhibitory activities (NCI-H226 IC50 = 0.95 µM, hDHODH IC50 = 0.21 µM). Further pharmacological investigations revealed that H19 exerted anticancer effects by inducing ferroptosis in NCI-H226 cells, with its cytotoxicity being reversed by ferroptosis inhibitors. This was supported by the intracellular growth or decline of ferroptosis markers, including lipid peroxidation, Fe2+, GSH, and 4-HNE. Overall, H19 emerges as a promising hDHODH inhibitor with potential anticancer properties warranting development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hong Hong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ying Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Alberti M, Poli G, Broggini L, Sainas S, Rizzi M, Boschi D, Ferraris DM, Martino E, Ricagno S, Tuccinardi T, Lolli ML, Miggiano R. An alternative conformation of the N-terminal loop of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase drives binding to a potent antiproliferative agent. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2024; 80:386-396. [PMID: 38805244 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798324004066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years, human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), which is a key player in the de novo pyrimidine-biosynthesis pathway, has been targeted in the treatment of several conditions, including autoimmune disorders and acute myelogenous leukaemia, as well as in host-targeted antiviral therapy. A molecular exploration of its inhibitor-binding behaviours yielded promising candidates for innovative drug design. A detailed description of the enzymatic pharmacophore drove the decoration of well-established inhibitory scaffolds, thus gaining further in vitro and in vivo efficacy. In the present work, using X-ray crystallography, an atypical rearrangement was identified in the binding pose of a potent inhibitor characterized by a polar pyridine-based moiety (compound 18). The crystal structure shows that upon binding compound 18 the dynamics of a protein loop involved in a gating mechanism at the cofactor-binding site is modulated by the presence of three water molecules, thus fine-tuning the polarity/hydrophobicity of the binding pocket. These solvent molecules are engaged in the formation of a hydrogen-bond mesh in which one of them establishes a direct contact with the pyridine moiety of compound 18, thus paving the way for a reappraisal of the inhibition of hDHODH. Using an integrated approach, the thermodynamics of such a modulation is described by means of isothermal titration calorimetry coupled with molecular modelling. These structural insights will guide future drug design to obtain a finer Kd/logD7.4 balance and identify membrane-permeable molecules with a drug-like profile in terms of water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alberti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via G. Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Broggini
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via G. Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Davide M Ferraris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via G. Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Martino
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricagno
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via G. Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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3
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Guan Q, Xing S, Wang L, Zhu J, Guo C, Xu C, Zhao Q, Wu Y, Chen Y, Sun H. Triazoles in Medicinal Chemistry: Physicochemical Properties, Bioisosterism, and Application. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7788-7824. [PMID: 38699796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Triazole demonstrates distinctive physicochemical properties, characterized by weak basicity, various dipole moments, and significant dual hydrogen bond acceptor and donor capabilities. These features are poised to play a pivotal role in drug-target interactions. The inherent polarity of triazole contributes to its lower logP, suggesting the potential improvement in water solubility. The metabolic stability of triazole adds additional value to drug discovery. Moreover, the metal-binding capacity of the nitrogen atom lone pair electrons of triazole has broad applications in the development of metal chelators and antifungal agents. This Perspective aims to underscore the unique physicochemical attributes of triazole and its application. A comparative analysis involving triazole isomers and other heterocycles provides guiding insights for the subsequent design of triazoles, with the hope of offering valuable considerations for designing other heterocycles in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Guan
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Xing
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Guo
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
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4
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Grossert JS, Boschi D, Lolli ML, White RL. Intramolecular interactions and the neutral loss of ammonia from collisionally activated, protonated ω-aminoalkyl-3-hydroxyfurazans. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2024; 30:38-46. [PMID: 37974410 PMCID: PMC10809737 DOI: 10.1177/14690667231214672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Gas phase fragmentation reactions of monoprotonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)- and 4-(4-aminobutyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan were investigated to examine potential interactions between functional groups. The two heterocyclic alkyl amines were ionized by electrospray ionization (ESI, positive mode) and fragmented using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The fragmentation pathways were characterized using pseudo MS3 experiments, precursor-ion scans, and density functional computations. For both heterocyclic ions, loss of ammonia was the only fragmentation process observed at low collision energies. Computational analysis indicated that the most feasible mechanism was intramolecular nucleophilic displacement of ammonia from the protonated ω-aminoalkyl side chain by N5 of the furazan ring. The alkylated nitrogen in the resulting bicyclic product ion facilitated N-O bond cleavage; subsequent neutral losses of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) occurred by homolytic bond cleavages. Next in the multistep sequence, neutral loss of ethylene from a radical cation was observed. A less favorable, competing fragmentation pathway of protonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan was consistent with cleavage of the 3-hydroxyfurazan ring and losses of NO and CO. Overall, the similar fragmentation behavior found for protonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)- and 4-(4-aminobutyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan differed from that previously characterized for furazan analogs with shorter alkyl chains. These observations demonstrate that a small change in the structure of multifunctional, heterocyclic alkyl amines may significantly influence interactions between distinct functional groups and the nature of the fragmentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Stuart Grossert
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF), Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF), Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Robert L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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5
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Alberti M, Sainas S, Ronchi E, Lolli ML, Boschi D, Rizzi M, Ferraris DM, Miggiano R. Biochemical characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and identification of a selective inhibitor. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:2119-2132. [PMID: 37278160 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB), an ancient disease which causes 1.5 million deaths worldwide. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a key enzyme of the MTB de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, and it is essential for MTB growth in vitro, hence representing a promising drug target. We present: (i) the biochemical characterization of the full-length MTB DHODH, including the analysis of the kinetic parameters, and (ii) the previously unreleased crystal structure of the protein that allowed us to rationally screen our in-house chemical library and identify the first selective inhibitor of mycobacterial DHODH. The inhibitor has fluorescence properties, potentially instrumental to in cellulo imaging studies, and exhibits an IC50 value of 43 μm, paving the way to hit-to-lead process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alberti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Erika Ronchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Sciences and Drug Technology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide M Ferraris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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6
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Petrović MM, Roschger C, Lang K, Zierer A, Mladenović M, Trifunović S, Mandić B, Joksović MD. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new quinoline-4-carboxylic acid-chalcone hybrids as dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200374. [PMID: 36372522 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen novel quinoline-4-carboxylic acid-chalcone hybrids were obtained via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and evaluated as potential human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) inhibitors. The ketone precursor 2 was synthesized by the Pfitzinger reaction and used for further derivatization at position 3 of the quinoline ring for the first time. Six compounds showed better hDHODH inhibitory activity than the reference drug leflunomide, with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to 0.58 μM. The bioactive conformations of the compounds within hDHODH were resolved by means of molecular docking, revealing their tendency to occupy the narrow tunnel of hDHODH within the N-terminus and to prevent ubiquinone as the second cofactor from easily approaching the flavin mononucleotide as a cofactor for the redox reaction within the redox site. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that 4d and 4h demonstrated the highest cytotoxic activity against the A375 cell line, with IC50 values of 5.0 and 6.8 µM, respectively. The lipophilicity of the synthesized hybrids was obtained experimentally and expressed as logD7.4 values at physiologicalpH while the solubility assay was conducted to define physicochemical characteristics influencing the ADMET properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena M Petrović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Cornelia Roschger
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Kevin Lang
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zierer
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Linz, Austria
| | - Milan Mladenović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Boris Mandić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan D Joksović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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7
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SAR studies toward discovery of emvododstat (PTC299), a potent dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Schölermann B, Bonowski J, Grigalunas M, Burhop A, Xie Y, Hoock JGF, Liu J, Dow M, Nelson A, Nowak C, Pahl A, Sievers S, Ziegler S. Identification of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Using the Cell Painting Assay. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200475. [PMID: 36134475 PMCID: PMC9828254 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Profiling approaches have been increasingly employed for the characterization of disease-relevant phenotypes or compound perturbation as they provide a broad, unbiased view on impaired cellular states. We report that morphological profiling using the cell painting assay (CPA) can detect modulators of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in particular. The CPA can differentiate between impairment of pyrimidine and folate metabolism, which both affect cellular nucleotide pools. The identified morphological signature is shared by inhibitors of DHODH and the functionally tightly coupled complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as by UMP synthase, which is downstream of DHODH. The CPA appears to be particularly suited for the detection of DHODH inhibitors at the site of their action in cells. As DHODH is a validated therapeutic target, the CPA will enable unbiased identification of DHODH inhibitors and inhibitors of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis for biological research and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Schölermann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Jana Bonowski
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Michael Grigalunas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Annina Burhop
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Joseph G. F. Hoock
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Jie Liu
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Mark Dow
- School of Chemistry andAstbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLS2 9JTLeedsUK
| | - Adam Nelson
- School of Chemistry andAstbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLS2 9JTLeedsUK
| | - Christine Nowak
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany,Compound Management and Screening Center44227DortmundGermany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany,Compound Management and Screening Center44227DortmundGermany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical Biology44227DortmundGermany
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9
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Sainas S, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Poli G, Alberti M, Passoni A, Gaidano V, Pippione AC, Vitale N, Bonanni D, Rolando B, Cignetti A, Ramondetti C, Lanno A, Ferraris DM, Canepa B, Buccinnà B, Piccinini M, Rizzi M, Saglio G, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Miggiano R, Tuccinardi T, Lolli ML. Targeting Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Using Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Based on the 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine Scaffold: SAR of the Aryloxyaryl Moiety. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12701-12724. [PMID: 36162075 PMCID: PMC9574863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors have been associated with acute myelogenous leukemia as well as studied as potent host targeting antivirals. Starting from MEDS433 (IC50 1.2 nM), we kept improving the structure-activity relationship of this class of compounds characterized by 2-hydroxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine scaffold. Using an in silico/crystallography supported design, we identified compound 4 (IC50 7.2 nM), characterized by the presence of a decorated aryloxyaryl moiety that replaced the biphenyl scaffold, with potent inhibition and pro-differentiating abilities on AML THP1 cells (EC50 74 nM), superior to those of brequinar (EC50 249 nM) and boosted when in combination with dipyridamole. Finally, compound 4 has an extremely low cytotoxicity on non-AML cells as well as MEDS433; it has shown a significant antileukemic activity in vivo in a xenograft mouse model of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Marta Alberti
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Laboratory
of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Davide Bonanni
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
- Life
Science Department, University of Modena, Via Università 4, Modena 41121, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Cristina Ramondetti
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alessia Lanno
- Laboratory
of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - Davide M. Ferraris
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Barbara Canepa
- GEM FORLAB, Via Ing.
Comotto 36, Caluso, Turin, 10014, Italy
| | - Barbara Buccinnà
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo
Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department
of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen
14, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Riccardo Miggiano
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Piemonte Orientale, Via
G. Bovio 6, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
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10
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Li C, Zhou Y, Xu J, Zhou X, Liu S, Huang Z, Qiu Z, Zeng T, Gou K, Tao L, Zhong X, Yang X, Zhou Y, Su N, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Luo Y. Discovery of potent human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors based on a benzophenone scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114737. [PMID: 36115209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Blocking the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine by inhibiting human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) is an effective way to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells and activated lymphocytes. Herein, eighteen teriflunomide derivatives and four ASLAN003 derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel hDHODH inhibitors based on a benzophenone scaffold. The optimal compound 7d showed a potent hDHODH inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 10.9 nM, and displayed promising antiproliferative activities against multiple human cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.1-0.8 μM. Supplementation of exogenous uridine rescued the cell viability of 7d-treated Raji and HCT116 cells. Meanwhile, 7d significantly induced cell cycle S-phase arrest in Raji and HCT116 cells. Furthermore, 7d exhibited favorable safety profiles in mice and displayed effective antitumor activities with tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rates of 58.3% and 42.1% at an oral dosage of 30 mg/kg in Raji and HCT116 cells xenograft models, respectively. Taken together, these findings provide a promising hDHODH inhibitor 7d with potential activities against some tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zongkai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xi Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Su
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Cisar JS, Pietsch C, DeRatt LG, Jacoby E, Kazmi F, Keohane C, Legenski K, Matico R, Shaffer P, Simonnet Y, Tanner A, Wang CY, Wang W, Attar R, Edwards JP, Kuduk SD. N-Heterocyclic 3-Pyridyl Carboxamide Inhibitors of DHODH for the Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11241-11256. [PMID: 35925768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a disease of the blood and bone marrow, is characterized by the inability of myeloblasts to differentiate into mature cell types. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is an enzyme well-known in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway; however, small molecule DHODH inhibitors were recently shown to induce differentiation in multiple AML subtypes. Using virtual screening and structure-based drug design approaches, a new series of N-heterocyclic 3-pyridyl carboxamide DHODH inhibitors were discovered. Two lead compounds, 19 and 29, have potent biochemical and cellular DHODH activity, favorable physicochemical properties, and efficacy in a preclinical model of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S Cisar
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Christine Pietsch
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Lindsey G DeRatt
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Edgar Jacoby
- Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Faraz Kazmi
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Colleen Keohane
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Katie Legenski
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Rosalie Matico
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Paul Shaffer
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Yvan Simonnet
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Alexandra Tanner
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Chao-Yuan Wang
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Weixue Wang
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Ricardo Attar
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - James P Edwards
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Scott D Kuduk
- Janssen Research and Development, 1400 McKean Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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12
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Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibition reveals metabolic vulnerability in chronic myeloid leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:576. [PMID: 35773274 PMCID: PMC9247109 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of different generations of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has led to the high overall survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. However, there are CML patients who show resistance to TKI therapy and are prone to progress to more advanced phases of the disease. So, implementing an alternative approach for targeting TKIs insensitive cells would be of the essence. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is an enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway that is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Here, we found that CML cells are vulnerable to DHODH inhibition mediated by Meds433, a new and potent DHODH inhibitor recently developed by our group. Meds433 significantly activates the apoptotic pathway and leads to the reduction of amino acids and induction of huge metabolic stress in CML CD34+ cells. Altogether, our study shows that DHODH inhibition is a promising approach for targeting CML stem/progenitor cells and may help more patients discontinue the therapy.
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13
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Pippione AC, Kilic-Kurt Z, Kovachka S, Sainas S, Rolando B, Denasio E, Pors K, Adinolfi S, Zonari D, Bagnati R, Lolli ML, Spyrakis F, Oliaro-Bosso S, Boschi D. New aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) inhibitors based on the hydroxytriazole scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Wang J, Ren C, Tang P, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Recent advances of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors for cancer therapy: Current development and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Li C, Yang X, Luo Y, Liu H, Zhong X, Zhou X, Zeng T, Tao L, Zhou Y, Gou K, Yang X, Liu X, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Luo Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of Teriflunomide Derivatives as Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors for Malignancy Treatment. J Med Chem 2021; 64:18175-18192. [PMID: 34905371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), as the fourth and rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, is regarded as an attractive target for malignancy therapy. In the present study, a novel series of teriflunomide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as hDHODH inhibitors. 13t was the optimal compound with promising enzymatic activity (IC50 = 16.0 nM), potent antiproliferative activity against human lymphoma Raji cells (IC50 = 7.7 nM), and excellent aqueous solubility (20.1 mg/mL). Mechanistically, 13t directly inhibited hDHODH and induced cell cycle S-phase arrest in Raji cells. The acute toxicity assay indicated a favorable safety profile of 13t. Notably, 13t displayed significant tumor growth inhibition activity with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate of 81.4% at 30 mg/kg in a Raji xenograft model. Together, 13t is a promising inhibitor of hDHODH and a preclinical candidate for antitumor therapy, especially for lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kun Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaocong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Prinz C, Starke L, Ramspoth TF, Kerkering J, Martos Riaño V, Paul J, Neuenschwander M, Oder A, Radetzki S, Adelhoefer S, Ramos Delgado P, Aravina M, Millward JM, Fillmer A, Paul F, Siffrin V, von Kries JP, Niendorf T, Nazaré M, Waiczies S. Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF 5) as a Superior 19F Magnetic Resonance Reporter Group: Signal Detection and Biological Activity of Teriflunomide Derivatives. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3948-3956. [PMID: 34666481 PMCID: PMC8630787 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is severely limited by a low signal-to noise ratio (SNR), and tapping it for 19F drug detection in vivo still poses a significant challenge. However, it bears the potential for label-free theranostic imaging. Recently, we detected the fluorinated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor teriflunomide (TF) noninvasively in an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) using 19F MR spectroscopy (MRS). In the present study, we probed distinct modifications to the CF3 group of TF to improve its SNR. This revealed SF5 as a superior alternative to the CF3 group. The value of the SF5 bioisostere as a 19F MRI reporter group within a biological or pharmacological context is by far underexplored. Here, we compared the biological and pharmacological activities of different TF derivatives and their 19F MR properties (chemical shift and relaxation times). The 19F MR SNR efficiency of three MRI methods revealed that SF5-substituted TF has the highest 19F MR SNR efficiency in combination with an ultrashort echo-time (UTE) MRI method. Chemical modifications did not reduce pharmacological or biological activity as shown in the in vitro dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme and T cell proliferation assays. Instead, SF5-substituted TF showed an improved capacity to inhibit T cell proliferation, indicating better anti-inflammatory activity and its suitability as a viable bioisostere in this context. This study proposes SF5 as a novel superior 19F MR reporter group for the MS drug teriflunomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Prinz
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludger Starke
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tizian-Frank Ramspoth
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Kerkering
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Martos Riaño
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jérôme Paul
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Radetzki
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Siegfried Adelhoefer
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Ramos Delgado
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariya Aravina
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jason M. Millward
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ariane Fillmer
- Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité
− Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie
Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin,
and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Siffrin
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens-Peter von Kries
- Screening
Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare
Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin
Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max
Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße
10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Experimental
and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center
for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Horgan C, O' Sullivan TP. Recent Developments in the Practical Application of Novel Carboxylic Acid Bioisosteres. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2203-2234. [PMID: 34420501 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210820112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carboxylic acid is an important functional group which features in the pharmacophore of some 450 drugs. Unfortunately, some carboxylic acid-containing drugs have been withdrawn from market due to unforeseen toxicity issues. Other issues associated with the carboxylate moiety include reduced metabolic stability or limited passive diffusion across biological membranes. Medicinal chemists often turn to bioisosteres to circumvent such obstacles. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the various applications of novel carboxylic acid bioisosteres which have appeared in the literature since 2013. RESULTS We have summarised the most recent developments in carboxylic acid bioisosterism. In particular, we focus on the changes in bioactivity, selectivity or physiochemical properties brought about by these substitutions, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each isostere. CONCLUSION The topics discussed herein highlight the continued interest in carboxylate bioisosteres. The development of novel carboxylic acid substitutes which display improved pharmacological profiles is testament to the innovation and creativity required to overcome the challenges faced in modern drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Horgan
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork. Ireland
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18
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Mali SN, Pandey A. 1,2,5-Thiadiazole Scaffold: A review on recent progress in biological activities. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:771-787. [PMID: 34161208 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210622162001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiadiazoles can be considered as the privileged scaffold having diverse pharmacological potentials such as antihypertensive, anti-HIV, antimicrobials, antileishmanial agents, etc. In particular, 1,2,5-thiadiazoles and their fused analogues are subjects of fast-growing interest due to their higher significance in the fields of biomedicine and material sciences. OBJECTIVE This study aims to collect detailed medicinal information about aspects of 1,2,5-thiadiazole. METHODS A systemic search has been carried out using PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, etc., for relevant studies having the keyword, '1,2,5-thiadiazole'. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this mini-review, we have covered known procedures of the synthesis and explored in detail all known advancements of this scaffold concerning to its biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj N Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anima Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, India
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19
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Sainas S, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Gaidano V, Bonanni D, Pippione AC, Bagnati R, Passoni A, Qiu Y, Cojocaru CF, Canepa B, Bona A, Rolando B, Mishina M, Ramondetti C, Buccinnà B, Piccinini M, Houshmand M, Cignetti A, Giraudo E, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Saglio G, Lolli ML. Targeting Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Using Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Based on the 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine Scaffold: SAR of the Biphenyl Moiety. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5404-5428. [PMID: 33844533 PMCID: PMC8279415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The connection with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), a key enzyme in pyrimidine biosynthesis, has attracted significant interest from pharma as a possible AML therapeutic target. We recently discovered compound 1, a potent hDHODH inhibitor (IC50 = 1.2 nM), able to induce myeloid differentiation in AML cell lines (THP1) in the low nM range (EC50 = 32.8 nM) superior to brequinar's phase I/II clinical trial (EC50 = 265 nM). Herein, we investigate the 1 drug-like properties observing good metabolic stability and no toxic profile when administered at doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 weeks (Balb/c mice). Moreover, in order to identify a backup compound, we investigate the SAR of this class of compounds. Inside the series, 17 is characterized by higher potency in inducing myeloid differentiation (EC50 = 17.3 nM), strong proapoptotic properties (EC50 = 20.2 nM), and low cytotoxicity toward non-AML cells (EC30(Jurkat) > 100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Paola Circosta
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e
Cesare Arrigo, Via Venezia
16, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Davide Bonanni
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto
di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto
di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Yaqi Qiu
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
- Higher
Education Mega Center, Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Carina Florina Cojocaru
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
| | - Barbara Canepa
- Gem
Forlab srl, Via Ribes,
5, Colleretto Giacosa, Turin 10010, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bona
- Gem
Chimica srl, Via Maestri
del Lavoro, 25, Busca, Cuneo 12022, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Mariia Mishina
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Cristina Ramondetti
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Barbara Buccinnà
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department
of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Michelangelo 27/B, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Mohammad Houshmand
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Molecular
Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
- Laboratory
of Tumor Microenvironment, Candiolo Cancer
Institute, FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Strada Provinciale, 142-KM 3.95, Candiolo, Turin 10060, Italy
| | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department
of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department
of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University
of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Turin 10043, Italy
- Division
of Hematology and Cell Therapy, AO Ordine
Mauriziano, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Department
of Drug Science and Technology, University
of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Turin 10125, Italy
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20
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Berber B, Doluca O. A comprehensive drug repurposing study for COVID19 treatment: novel putative dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors show association to serotonin-dopamine receptors. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:1023-1037. [PMID: 33406218 PMCID: PMC7929379 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a key enzyme required for de novo pyrimidine synthesis and it is suggested as a target for COVID19 treatment due to high pyrimidine demand by the virus replication in the infected host cells as well as its proven effect of blocking of cytokine release by the immune cells to prevent inflammation leading to acute respiratory distress. There are a number of clinical trials underway for COVID19 treatment using DHODH inhibitors; however, there are only a small number of known DHODH antagonists available for testing. Here, we have applied a methodology to identify DHODH antagonist candidates, and compared them using in silico target prediction tools. A large set of 7900 FDA-approved and clinical stage drugs obtained from DrugBank were docked against 20 different structures DHODH available in PDB. Drugs were eliminated according to their predicted affinities by Autodock Vina. About 28 FDA-approved and 79 clinical trial ongoing drugs remained. The mode of interaction of these molecules was analyzed by repeating docking using Autodock 4 and DS Visualiser. Finally, the target region predictions of 28 FDA-approved drugs were determined through PASS and SwissTargetPrediction tools. Interestingly, the analysis of in silico target predictions revealed that serotonin-dopamine receptor antagonists could also be potential DHODH inhibitors. Our candidates shared a common attribute, a possible interaction with serotonin-dopamine receptors as well as other oxidoreductases, like DHODH. Moreover, the Bruton Tyrosine Kinase-inhibitor acalabrutunib and serotonin-dopamine receptor inhibitor drugs on our list have been found in the literature that have shown to be effective against Sars-CoV-2, while the path of activity is yet to be identified. Identifying an effective drug that can suppress both inflammation and virus proliferation will play a crucial role in the treatment of COVID. Therefore, we suggest experimental investigation of the 28 FDA-approved drugs on DHODH activity and Sars-CoV-2 virus proliferation. Those who are found experimentally effective can play an important role in COVID19 treatment. Moreover, we suggest investigating COVID19 case conditions in patients using schizophrenia and depression drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Berber
- Eskisehir Technical University, Department of Biology
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21
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Investigating the amino acid sequences of membrane bound dihydroorotate:quinone oxidoreductases (DHOQOs): Structural and functional implications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148321. [PMID: 32991846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dihydroorotate:quinone oxidoreductases (DHOQOs) are membrane bound enzymes responsible for oxidizing dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate with concomitant reduction of quinone to quinol. They have FMN as prosthetic group and are part of the monotopic quinone reductase superfamily. These enzymes are also members of the dihydroorotate dehydrogenases (DHODHs) family, which besides membrane bound DHOQOs, class 2, includes soluble enzymes which reduce either NAD+ or fumarate, class 1. As key enzymes in both the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway as well as in the energetic metabolism, inhibitors of DHOQOs have been investigated as leads for therapeutics in cancer, immunological disorders and bacterial/viral infections. This work is a thorough bioinformatic approach on the structural conservation and taxonomic distribution of DHOQOs. We explored previously established structural/functional hallmarks of these enzymes, while searching for uncharacterized common elements. We also discuss the cellular role of DHOQOs and organize the identified protein sequences within six sub-classes 2A to 2F, according to their taxonomic origin and sequence traits. We concluded that DHOQOs are present in Archaea, Eukarya and Bacteria, including the first recognition in Gram-positive organisms. DHOQOs can be the single dihydroorotate dehydrogenase encoded in the genome of a species, or they can coexist with other DHODHs, as the NAD+ or fumarate reducing enzymes. Furthermore, we show that the type of catalytic base present in the active site is not an absolute criterium to distinguish between class 1 and class 2 enzymes. We propose the existence of a quinone binding motif ("ExAH") adjacent to a hydrophobic cavity present in the membrane interacting N-terminal domain.
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22
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Liu Z, Hu Q, Wang W, Lu S, Wu D, Ze S, He J, Huang Y, Chen W, Xu Y, Lu W, Huang J. Natural product piperine alleviates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice by targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:114000. [PMID: 32353424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most popular chronic and debilitating inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is critical to the activity of T lymphocytes and represents a potential therapeutic target for MS. Here we identify piperine, a bioactive constituent of black pepper, as a potent inhibitor of DHODH with an IC50 value of 0.88 μM. Isothermal titration calorimetry and thermofluor assay demonstrate the directly interaction between piperine and DHODH. The co-complex crystal structure of DHODH and piperine at 1.98 Å resolution further reveal that Tyr356 residue of DHODH is crucial for piperine binding. Importantly, we show that piperine can inhibit T cell overactivation in a DHODH-dependent manner in concanavalin A-triggered T-cell assay and mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Finally, piperine exhibits strong preventive and therapeutic effect in the MOG-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a useful model for studying potential treatments for MS, by restricting inflammatory cells infiltration into the CNS and preventing myelin destruction and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Taken together, these findings highlight DHODH as a therapeutic target for autoimmune disease of the nervous system, and demonstrate a novel role for piperine in the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyin Ze
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangdong, China
| | - Wuyan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Yechun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors in anti-infective drug research. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111681. [PMID: 31557612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimidines are essential for the cell survival and proliferation of living parasitic organisms, such as Helicobacter pylori, Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni, that are able to impact upon human health. Pyrimidine building blocks, in human cells, are synthesised via both de novo biosynthesis and salvage pathways, the latter of which is an effective way of recycling pre-existing nucleotides. As many parasitic organisms lack pyrimidine salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotides, blocking de novo biosynthesis is seen as an effective therapeutic means to selectively target the parasite without effecting the human host. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), which is involved in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, is a validated target for anti-infective drug research. Recent advances in the DHODH microorganism field are discussed herein, as is the potential for the development of DHODH-targeted therapeutics.
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24
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Sainas S, Temperini P, Farnsworth JC, Yi F, Møllerud S, Jensen AA, Nielsen B, Passoni A, Kastrup JS, Hansen KB, Boschi D, Pickering DS, Clausen RP, Lolli ML. Use of the 4-Hydroxytriazole Moiety as a Bioisosteric Tool in the Development of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Ligands. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4467-4482. [PMID: 30943028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of glutamate and aspartate analogues designed using the hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole moiety as a bioisostere for the distal carboxylic acid. Compound 6b showed unprecedented selectivity among ( S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subtypes, confirmed also by an unusual binding mode observed for the crystal structures in complex with the AMPA receptor GluA2 agonist-binding domain. Here, a methionine (Met729) was highly disordered compared to previous agonist-bound structures. This observation provides a possible explanation for the pharmacological profile. In the structure with 7a, an unusual organization of water molecules around the bioisostere arises compared to previous structures of ligands with other bioisosteres. Aspartate analogue 8 with the hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole moiety directly attached to glycine was unexpectedly able to activate both the glutamate and glycine agonist-binding sites of the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor. These observations demonstrate novel features that arise when employing a hydroxytriazole moiety as a bioisostere for the distal carboxylic acid in glutamate receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
| | - Piero Temperini
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jill C Farnsworth
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Stine Møllerud
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Alice Passoni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Jette S Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kasper B Hansen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Rasmus P Clausen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
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25
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Lolli ML, Carnovale IM, Pippione AC, Wahlgren WY, Bonanni D, Marini E, Zonari D, Gallicchio M, Boscaro V, Goyal P, Friemann R, Rolando B, Bagnati R, Adinolfi S, Oliaro-Bosso S, Boschi D. Bioisosteres of Indomethacin as Inhibitors of Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:437-443. [PMID: 30996776 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is an attractive target in drug design for its role in resistance to anticancer therapy. Several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin are known to inhibit AKR1C3 in a nonselective manner because of COX-off target effects. Here we designed two indomethacin analogues by proposing a bioisosteric connection between the indomethacin carboxylic acid function and either hydroxyfurazan or hydroxy triazole rings. Both compounds were found to target AKR1C3 in a selective manner. In particular, hydroxyfurazan derivative is highly selective for AKR1C3 over the 1C2 isoform (up to 90-times more) and inactive on COX enzymes. High-resolution crystal structure of its complex with AKR1C3 shed light onto the binding mode of the new inhibitors. In cell-based assays (on colorectal and prostate cancer cells), the two indomethacin analogues showed higher potency than indomethacin. Therefore, these two AKR1C3 inhibitors can be used to provide further insight into the role of AKR1C3 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco L. Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Irene M. Carnovale
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Weixiao Y. Wahlgren
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Davide Bonanni
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Zonari
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Margherita Gallicchio
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Boscaro
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Parveen Goyal
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rosmarie Friemann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Box 462, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri” IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Adinolfi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Oliaro-Bosso
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
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26
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Vyas VK, Qureshi G, Oza D, Patel H, Parmar K, Patel P, Ghate MD. Synthesis of 2-,4,-6-, and/or 7-substituted quinoline derivatives as human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) inhibitors and anticancer agents: 3D QSAR-assisted design. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:917-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Hydroxyazole scaffold-based Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation and X-ray structural studies. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 163:266-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Discovery of a novel series of hDHODH inhibitors with anti-pulmonary fibrotic activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:44-51. [PMID: 30685643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) is a flavin-dependent enzyme essential to pyrimidine de novo biosynthesis, which serves as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. A novel series of hDHODH inhibitors was developed based on a lead which was obtained by a medicinal chemistry exploration. Most compounds showed moderate to significant potency against hDHODH, compounds 5d, 5e, and 6a effectively inhibited the activities of hDHODH with IC50 values from 0.9 to 2.8 μM. Further studies showed that compound 5e also effectively suppressed proliferation of the activated PBMCs (IC50 = 20.35 μM). Surprisingly, compound 5e also showed anti-pulmonary fibrotic activity similar to that of pirfenidone in vitro assay. Therefore, compound 5e might have potential to be developed as a novel hDHODH inhibitors for autoimmune diseases therapy.
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29
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Sainas S, Pippione AC, Giraudo A, Martina K, Bosca F, Rolando B, Barge A, Ducime A, Federico A, Grossert SJ, White RL, Boschi D, Lolli ML. Regioselective N‐Alkylation of Ethyl 4‐Benzyloxy‐1,2,3‐triazolecarboxylate: A Useful Tool for the Synthesis of Carboxylic Acid Bioisosteres. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Agnese C. Pippione
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Alessandro Giraudo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Katia Martina
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Federica Bosca
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Alex Ducime
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Antonella Federico
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Stuart J. Grossert
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Robert L. White
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF)Università degli Studi di Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 Turin 10125 Italy
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30
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Cao L, Weetall M, Trotta C, Cintron K, Ma J, Kim MJ, Furia B, Romfo C, Graci JD, Li W, Du J, Sheedy J, Hedrick J, Risher N, Yeh S, Qi H, Arasu T, Hwang S, Lennox W, Kong R, Petruska J, Moon YC, Babiak J, Davis TW, Jacobson A, Almstead NG, Branstrom A, Colacino JM, Peltz SW. Targeting of Hematologic Malignancies with PTC299, A Novel Potent Inhibitor of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase with Favorable Pharmaceutical Properties. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 18:3-16. [PMID: 30352802 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PTC299 was identified as an inhibitor of VEGFA mRNA translation in a phenotypic screen and evaluated in the clinic for treatment of solid tumors. To guide precision cancer treatment, we performed extensive biological characterization of the activity of PTC299 and demonstrated that inhibition of VEGF production and cell proliferation by PTC299 is linked to a decrease in uridine nucleotides by targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a rate-limiting enzyme for de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Unlike previously reported DHODH inhibitors that were identified using in vitro enzyme assays, PTC299 is a more potent inhibitor of DHODH in isolated mitochondria suggesting that mitochondrial membrane lipid engagement in the DHODH conformation in situ is required for its optimal activity. PTC299 has broad and potent activity against hematologic cancer cells in preclinical models, reflecting a reduced pyrimidine nucleotide salvage pathway in leukemia cells. Archived serum samples from patients treated with PTC299 demonstrated increased levels of dihydroorotate, the substrate of DHODH, indicating target engagement in patients. PTC299 has advantages over previously reported DHODH inhibitors, including greater potency, good oral bioavailability, and lack of off-target kinase inhibition and myelosuppression, and thus may be useful for the targeted treatment of hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxian Cao
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey.
| | - Marla Weetall
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | | | | | - Jiyuan Ma
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Min Jung Kim
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Bansri Furia
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Charles Romfo
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Jason D Graci
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Wencheng Li
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Joshua Du
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | | | - Jean Hedrick
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Nicole Risher
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Shirley Yeh
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Hongyan Qi
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | - Tamil Arasu
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | | | | | - Ronald Kong
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | | | | | - John Babiak
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
| | | | - Allan Jacobson
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | | | - Art Branstrom
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, New Jersey
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31
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Madak JT, Bankhead A, Cuthbertson CR, Showalter HD, Neamati N. Revisiting the role of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase as a therapeutic target for cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 195:111-131. [PMID: 30347213 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Identified as a hallmark of cancer, metabolic reprogramming allows cancer cells to rapidly proliferate, resist chemotherapies, invade, metastasize, and survive a nutrient-deprived microenvironment. Rapidly growing cells depend on sufficient concentrations of nucleotides to sustain proliferation. One enzyme essential for the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine-based nucleotides is dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a known therapeutic target for multiple diseases. Brequinar, leflunomide, and teriflunomide, all of which are potent DHODH inhibitors, have been clinically evaluated but failed to receive FDA approval for the treatment of cancer. Inhibition of DHODH depletes intracellular pyrimidine nucleotide pools and results in cell cycle arrest in S-phase, sensitization to current chemotherapies, and differentiation in neural crest cells and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Furthermore, DHODH is a synthetic lethal susceptibility in several oncogenic backgrounds. Therefore, DHODH-targeted therapy has potential value as part of a combination therapy for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we focus on the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway as a target for cancer therapy, and in particular, DHODH. In the first part, we provide a comprehensive overview of this pathway and its regulation in cancer. We further describe the relevance of DHODH as a target for cancer therapy using bioinformatic analyses. We then explore the preclinical and clinical results of pharmacological strategies to target the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, with an emphasis on DHODH. Finally, we discuss potential strategies to harness DHODH as a target for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Madak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Armand Bankhead
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christine R Cuthbertson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hollis D Showalter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Giraudo A, Krall J, Nielsen B, Sørensen TE, Kongstad KT, Rolando B, Boschi D, Frølund B, Lolli ML. 4-Hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole moiety as bioisostere of the carboxylic acid function: a novel scaffold to probe the orthosteric γ-aminobutyric acid receptor binding site. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:311-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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33
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Sainas S, Pippione AC, Lupino E, Giorgis M, Circosta P, Gaidano V, Goyal P, Bonanni D, Rolando B, Cignetti A, Ducime A, Andersson M, Järvå M, Friemann R, Piccinini M, Ramondetti C, Buccinnà B, Al-Karadaghi S, Boschi D, Saglio G, Lolli ML. Targeting Myeloid Differentiation Using Potent 2-Hydroxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine Scaffold-Based Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6034-6055. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paola Circosta
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Valentina Gaidano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Parveen Goyal
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | | | | | - Alessandro Cignetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
| | | | - Mikael Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | - Michael Järvå
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Rosmarie Friemann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE 405, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | | | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10043, Italy
- Mauriziano Hospital S.C.D.U. Hematology, Turin 10128, Italy
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34
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Pippione AC, Sainas S, Federico A, Lupino E, Piccinini M, Kubbutat M, Contreras JM, Morice C, Barge A, Ducime A, Boschi D, Al-Karadaghi S, Lolli ML. N-Acetyl-3-aminopyrazoles block the non-canonical NF-kB cascade by selectively inhibiting NIK. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:963-968. [PMID: 30108985 PMCID: PMC6071728 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), an oncogenic drug target that is associated with various cancers, is a central signalling component of the non-canonical pathway. A blind screening process, which established that amino pyrazole related scaffolds have an effect on IKKbeta, led to a hit-to-lead optimization process that identified the aminopyrazole 3a as a low μM selective NIK inhibitor. Compound 3a effectively inhibited the NIK-dependent activation of the NF-κB pathway in tumour cells, confirming its selective inhibitory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese C Pippione
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Antonella Federico
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Elisa Lupino
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marie Contreras
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Christophe Morice
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Alex Ducime
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
| | | | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy .
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35
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Madak JT, Cuthbertson CR, Miyata Y, Tamura S, Petrunak EM, Stuckey JA, Han Y, He M, Sun D, Showalter HD, Neamati N. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 4-Quinoline Carboxylic Acids as Inhibitors of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5162-5186. [PMID: 29727569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We pursued a structure-guided approach toward the development of improved dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors with the goal of forming new interactions between DHODH and the brequinar class of inhibitors. Two potential residues, T63 and Y356, suitable for novel H-bonding interactions, were identified in the brequinar-binding pocket. Analogues were designed to maintain the essential pharmacophore and form new electrostatic interactions through strategically positioned H-bond accepting groups. This effort led to the discovery of potent quinoline-based analogues 41 (DHODH IC50 = 9.71 ± 1.4 nM) and 43 (DHODH IC50 = 26.2 ± 1.8 nM). A cocrystal structure between 43 and DHODH depicts a novel water mediated H-bond interaction with T63. Additional optimization led to the 1,7-naphthyridine 46 (DHODH IC50 = 28.3 ± 3.3 nM) that forms a novel H-bond with Y356. Importantly, compound 41 possesses significant oral bioavailability ( F = 56%) and an elimination t1/2 = 2.78 h (PO dosing). In conclusion, the data supports further preclinical studies of our lead compounds toward selection of a candidate for early-stage clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elyse M Petrunak
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Jeanne A Stuckey
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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36
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Potent and selective aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) inhibitors based on the benzoisoxazole moiety: application of a bioisosteric scaffold hopping approach to flufenamic acid. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:930-945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Lu K, Cai L, Zhang X, Wu G, Xu C, Zhao Y, Gong P. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel substituted benzamide derivatives bearing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety as potent human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 76:528-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Targeting Human Onchocerciasis: Recent Advances Beyond Ivermectin. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.armc.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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39
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Sitwala ND, Vyas VK, Variya BC, Patel SS, Mehta CC, Rana DN, Ghate MD. Liquid phase combinatorial synthesis of 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole derivatives as human DHODH inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:118-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Hydroxytriazole derivatives as potent and selective aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) inhibitors discovered by bioisosteric scaffold hopping approach. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:936-946. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Madak JT, Cuthbertson CR, Chen W, Showalter HD, Neamati N. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Brequinar Conjugates as Probes to Study DHODH Inhibition. Chemistry 2017; 23:13875-13878. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T. Madak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and Translational Oncology Program; University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex; 1600 Huron Parkway Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Christine R. Cuthbertson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and Translational Oncology Program; University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex; 1600 Huron Parkway Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Wenmin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and Translational Oncology Program; University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex; 1600 Huron Parkway Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Hollis D. Showalter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy; University of Michigan; 428 Church St. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and Translational Oncology Program; University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex; 1600 Huron Parkway Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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42
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Pippione AC, Federico A, Ducime A, Sainas S, Boschi D, Barge A, Lupino E, Piccinini M, Kubbutat M, Contreras JM, Morice C, Al-Karadaghi S, Lolli ML. 4-Hydroxy- N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,5-thiadiazole-3-carboxamide: a novel inhibitor of the canonical NF-κB cascade. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1850-1855. [PMID: 30108896 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The NF-κB signaling pathway is a validated oncological target. Here, we applied scaffold hopping to IMD-0354, a presumed IKKβ inhibitor, and identified 4-hydroxy-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,5-thiadiazole-3-carboxamide (4) as a nM-inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway. However, both 4 and IMD-0354, being potent inhibitors of the canonical NF-κB pathway, were found to be inactive in human IKKβ enzyme assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese C Pippione
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Antonella Federico
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Alex Ducime
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Stefano Sainas
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Alessandro Barge
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
| | - Elisa Lupino
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | - Marco Piccinini
- Department of Oncology , University of Torino , via Michelangelo 27/B , 10126 Torino , Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marie Contreras
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Christophe Morice
- Prestwick Chemical , 220 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France
| | - Salam Al-Karadaghi
- SARomics Biostructures and Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology , Lund University , Lund , Sweden
| | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9 , 10125 Torino , Italy
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43
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Reis RAG, Calil FA, Feliciano PR, Pinheiro MP, Nonato MC. The dihydroorotate dehydrogenases: Past and present. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 632:175-191. [PMID: 28666740 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The flavoenzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase catalyzes the stereoselective oxidation of (S)-dihydroorotate to orotate in the fourth of the six conserved enzymatic reactions involved in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. Inhibition of pyrimidine metabolism by selectively targeting DHODHs has been exploited in the development of new therapies against cancer, immunological disorders, bacterial and viral infections, and parasitic diseases. Through a chronological narrative, this review summarizes the efforts of the scientific community to achieve our current understanding of structural and biochemical properties of DHODHs. It also attempts to describe the latest advances in medicinal chemistry for therapeutic development based on the selective inhibition of DHODH, including an overview of the experimental techniques used for ligand screening during the process of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata A G Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States
| | - Felipe Antunes Calil
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rosa Feliciano
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Matheus Pinto Pinheiro
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - M Cristina Nonato
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-903, Brazil.
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