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Previtali V, Bagnolini G, Ciamarone A, Ferrandi G, Rinaldi F, Myers SH, Roberti M, Cavalli A. New Horizons of Synthetic Lethality in Cancer: Current Development and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11488-11521. [PMID: 38955347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic lethality has been recognized as a solid paradigm for anticancer therapies. The discovery of a growing number of synthetic lethal targets has led to a significant expansion in the use of synthetic lethality, far beyond poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors used to treat BRCA1/2-defective tumors. In particular, molecular targets within DNA damage response have provided a source of inhibitors that have rapidly reached clinical trials. This Perspective focuses on the most recent progress in synthetic lethal targets and their inhibitors, within and beyond the DNA damage response, describing their design and associated therapeutic strategies. We will conclude by discussing the current challenges and new opportunities for this promising field of research, to stimulate discussion in the medicinal chemistry community, allowing the investigation of synthetic lethality to reach its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Previtali
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Greta Bagnolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrandi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Samuel Harry Myers
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Myers SH, Poppi L, Rinaldi F, Veronesi M, Ciamarone A, Previtali V, Bagnolini G, Schipani F, Ortega Martínez JA, Girotto S, Di Stefano G, Farabegoli F, Walsh N, De Franco F, Roberti M, Cavalli A. An 19F NMR fragment-based approach for the discovery and development of BRCA2-RAD51 inhibitors to pursuit synthetic lethality in combination with PARP inhibition in pancreatic cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116114. [PMID: 38194775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The BRCA2-RAD51 interaction remains an intriguing target for cancer drug discovery due to its vital role in DNA damage repair mechanisms, which cancer cells become particularly reliant on. Moreover, RAD51 has many synthetically lethal partners, including PARP1-2, which can be exploited to induce synthetic lethality in cancer. In this study, we established a 19F-NMR-fragment based approach to identify RAD51 binders, leading to two initial hits. A subsequent SAR program identified 46 as a low micromolar inhibitor of the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction. 46 was tested in different pancreatic cancer cell lines, to evaluate its ability to inhibit the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, mediated by BRCA2-RAD51 and trigger synthetic lethality in combination with the PARP inhibitor talazoparib, through the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, we further analyzed the 46/talazoparib combination in 3D pancreatic cancer models. Overall, 46 showed its potential as a tool to evaluate the RAD51/PARP1-2 synthetic lethality mechanism, along with providing a prospect for further inhibitors development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Myers
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Poppi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Veronesi
- Structural Biophysics Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy; D3 PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Viola Previtali
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Greta Bagnolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schipani
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy; Structural Biophysics Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Stefano
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvia Farabegoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Naomi Walsh
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 NR58, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genoa, Italy; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
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Rinaldi F, Schipani F, Balboni B, Catalano F, Marotta R, Myers SH, Previtali V, Veronesi M, Scietti L, Cecatiello V, Pasqualato S, Ortega JA, Girotto S, Cavalli A. Isolation and Characterization of Monomeric Human RAD51: A Novel Tool for Investigating Homologous Recombination in Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312517. [PMID: 37924230 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair protein RAD51 is a key player in the homologous recombination pathway. Upon DNA damage, RAD51 is transported into the nucleus by BRCA2, where it can repair DNA double-strand breaks. Due to the structural complexity and dynamics, researchers have not yet clarified the mechanistic details of every step of RAD51 recruitment and DNA repair. RAD51 possesses an intrinsic tendency to form oligomeric structures, which make it challenging to conduct biochemical and biophysical investigations. Here, for the first time, we report on the isolation and characterization of a human monomeric RAD51 recombinant form, obtained through a double mutation, which preserves the protein's integrity and functionality. We investigated different buffers to identify the most suitable condition needed to definitively stabilize the monomer. The monomer of human RAD51 provides the community with a unique biological tool for investigating RAD51-mediated homologous recombination, and paves the way for more reliable structural, mechanistic, and drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schipani
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Balboni
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Samuel H Myers
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Viola Previtali
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Veronesi
- Structural Biophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luigi Scietti
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Cecatiello
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Current address: Structural Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole Milan, Italy Palazzo Italia Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Pasqualato
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Current address: Structural Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole Milan, Italy Palazzo Italia Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Jose Antonio Ortega
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Structural Biophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Calheiros J, Raimundo L, Morais J, Matos AC, Minuzzo SA, Indraccolo S, Sousa E, da Silva MC, Saraiva L. Antitumor Activity of the Xanthonoside XGAc in Triple-Negative Breast, Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting DNA Repair. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5718. [PMID: 38136266 PMCID: PMC10741784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the DNA damage response may contribute to the sensitization of cancer cells to DNA-targeting agents by impelling cell death. In fact, the inhibition of the DNA repair pathway is considered a promising anticancer therapeutic strategy, particularly in combination with standard-of-care agents. The xanthonoside XGAc was previously described as a potent inhibitor of cancer cell growth. Herein, we explored its antitumor activity against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), ovarian cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells as a single agent and in combination with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib. We demonstrated that XGAc inhibited the growth of TNBC, ovarian and PDAC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. XGAc also induced genotoxicity, inhibiting the expression of DNA repair proteins particularly involved in homologous recombination, including BRCA1, BRCA2 and RAD51. Moreover, it displayed potent synergistic effects with olaparib in TNBC, ovarian cancer and PDAC cells. Importantly, this growth inhibitory activity of XGAc was further reinforced in a TNBC spheroid model and in patient-derived ovarian cancer cells. Also, drug-resistant cancer cells showed no cross-resistance to XGAc. Additionally, the ability of XGAc to prevent cancer cell migration was evidenced in TNBC, ovarian cancer and PDAC cells. Altogether, these results highlight the great potential of acetylated xanthonosides such as XGAc as promising anticancer agents against hard-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Liliana Raimundo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - João Morais
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Ana Catarina Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Sonia Anna Minuzzo
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.A.M.); (S.I.)
| | - Stefano Indraccolo
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.A.M.); (S.I.)
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (E.S.); (M.C.d.S.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixôes, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia da Silva
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (E.S.); (M.C.d.S.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixôes, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
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Previtali V, Myers SH, Poppi L, Wynne K, Casamassima I, Girotto S, Di Stefano G, Farabegoli F, Roberti M, Oliviero G, Cavalli A. Preomic profile of BxPC-3 cells after treatment with BRC4. J Proteomics 2023; 288:104983. [PMID: 37536521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BRCA2 and RAD51 are two proteins that play a central role in homologous recombination (HR) and DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. BRCA2 assists RAD51 fibrillation and defibrillation through binding with its eight BRC repeats, with BRC4 being one of the most efficient and best characterized. RAD51 inactivation by small molecules has been proposed as a strategy to impair BRCA2/RAD51 binding and, ultimately, the HR pathway, with the aim of making cancer cells more sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). This strategy, which mimics a synthetic lethality (SL) approach, has been successfully performed in vitro by using the myristoylated derivative of BRC4 (myr-BRC4), designed for a more efficient cell entry. The present study applies a method to obtain a proteomic fingerprint after cellular treatment with the myr-BRC4 peptide using a mass spectroscopy (MS) proteomic approach. (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD042696.) We performed a comparative proteomic profiling of the myr-BRC4 treated vs. untreated BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells and evaluated the differential expression of proteins. Among the identified proteins, we focused our attention on proteins shared by both the RAD51 and the BRCA2 interactomes, and on those whose reduction showed high statistical significance. Three downregulated proteins were identified (FANCI, FANCD2, and RPA3), and protein downregulation was confirmed through immunoblotting analysis, validating the MS approach. Our results suggest that, being a direct consequence of myr-BRC4 treatment, the detection of FANCD2, FANCI, and RPA3 downregulation could be used as an indicator for monitoring HR impairment. SIGNIFICANCE: RAD51's inhibition has gained increasing attention because of its possible implications in personalized medicine through the SL approach. Chemical disruption of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between RAD51 and BRCA2, or some of its partner proteins, could potentiate PARPi DNA damage-induced cell death. This could have application for difficult to treat cancers, such as BRCA-competent and olaparib (PARPi) resistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Despite RAD51 being a widely studied target, researchers still lack detailed mechanistic information. This has stifled progress in the field with only a few RAD51 inhibitors having been identified, none of which have gained regulatory approval. Nevertheless, the peptide BRC4 is one of the most specific and best characterized RAD51 binder and inhibitor reported to date. Our study is the first to report the proteomic fingerprint consequent to cellular treatment of myr-BRC4, to offer a reference for the discovery of specific protein/pathway alterations within DNA damage repair. Our results suggest that, being a direct consequence of myr-BRC4 treatment, and ultimately ofBRCA2/RAD51 disruption, the detection of FANCD2, FANCI, and RPA3 downregulation could be used as an indicator for monitoring DNA damage repair impairment and therefore be used to potentiate the development of new effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Previtali
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Samuel H Myers
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Poppi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kieran Wynne
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Irene Casamassima
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Stefano
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvia Farabegoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Oliviero
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Calheiros J, Corbo V, Saraiva L. Overcoming therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer: Emerging opportunities by targeting BRCAs and p53. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188914. [PMID: 37201730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by (epi)genetic and microenvironmental alterations that negatively impact the treatment outcomes. New targeted therapies have been pursued to counteract the therapeutic resistance in PC. Aiming to seek for new therapeutic options for PC, several attempts have been undertaken to exploit BRCA1/2 and TP53 deficiencies as promising actionable targets. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of PC highlighted the high prevalence of p53 mutations and their connection with the aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance of PC. Additionally, PC is associated with dysfunctions in several DNA repair-related genes, including BRCA1/2, which sensitize tumours to DNA-damaging agents. In this context, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) were approved for mutant BRCA1/2 PC patients. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major drawback of PARPi. This review emphasizes the importance of targeting defective BRCAs and p53 pathways for advancing personalized PC therapy, with particular focus on how this approach may provide an opportunity to tackle PC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Mani C, Acharya G, Saamarthy K, Ochola D, Mereddy S, Pruitt K, Manne U, Palle K. Racial differences in RAD51 expression are regulated by miRNA-214-5P and its inhibition synergizes with olaparib in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:44. [PMID: 37081516 PMCID: PMC10120249 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) affects young women and is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC). TNBCs disproportionally affect women of African-American (AA) descent compared to other ethnicities. We have identified DNA repair gene RAD51 as a poor prognosis marker in TNBC and its posttranscriptional regulation through microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aims to delineate the mechanisms leading to RAD51 upregulation and develop novel therapeutic combinations to effectively treat TNBCs and reduce disparity in clinical outcomes. METHODS Analysis of TCGA data for BC cohorts using the UALCAN portal and PrognoScan identified the overexpression of RAD51 in TNBCs. miRNA sequencing identified significant downregulation of RAD51-targeting miRNAs miR-214-5P and miR-142-3P. RT-PCR assays were used to validate the levels of miRNAs and RAD51, and immunohistochemical and immunoblotting techniques were used similarly for RAD51 protein levels in TNBC tissues and cell lines. Luciferase assays were performed under the control of RAD51 3'-UTR to confirm that miR-214-5P regulates RAD51 expression. To examine the effect of miR-214-5P-mediated downregulation of RAD51 on homologous recombination (HR) in TNBC cells, Dr-GFP reporter assays were performed. To assess the levels of olaparib-induced DNA damage responses in miR-214-5P, transfected cells, immunoblots, and immunofluorescence assays were used. Furthermore, COMET assays were used to measure DNA lesions and colony assays were performed to assess the sensitivity of BRCA-proficient TNBC cells to olaparib. RESULTS In-silico analysis identified upregulation of RAD51 as a poor prognostic marker in TNBCs. miRNA-seq data showed significant downregulation of miR-214-5P and miR-142-3P in TNBC cell lines derived from AA women compared to Caucasian-American (CA) women. miR-214-5P mimics downregulated RAD51 expression and induces HR deficiency as measured by Dr-GFP assays in these cell lines. Based on these results, we designed a combination treatment of miR-214-5P and olaparib in HR-proficient AA TNBC cell lines using clonogenic survival assays. The combination of miR-214-5P and olaparib showed synergistic lethality compared to individual treatments in these cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our studies identified a novel epigenetic regulation of RAD51 in TNBCs by miR-214-5P suggesting a novel combination therapies involving miR-214-5P and olaparib to treat HR-proficient TNBCs and to reduce racial disparity in therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnadurai Mani
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Karunakar Saamarthy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Damieanus Ochola
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Srinidhi Mereddy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Washington, 1400 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Komaraiah Palle
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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Belmonte-Fernández A, Herrero-Ruíz J, Galindo-Moreno M, Limón-Mortés MC, Mora-Santos M, Sáez C, Japón MÁ, Tortolero M, Romero F. Cisplatin-induced cell death increases the degradation of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex through the autophagy/lysosomal pathway. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:488-499. [PMID: 36477079 PMCID: PMC9950126 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based anticancer agents are among the most widely used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of different types of cancer. However, it is common to find patients who respond well to treatment at first but later relapse due to the appearance of resistance to cisplatin. Among the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon is the increase in DNA damage repair. Here, we elucidate the effect of cisplatin on the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) DNA damage sensor complex. We found that the tumor suppressor FBXW7 is a key factor in controlling the turnover of the MRN complex by inducing its degradation through lysosomes. Inhibition of lysosomal enzymes allowed the detection of the association of FBXW7-dependent ubiquitylated MRN with LC3 and the autophagy adaptor p62/SQSTM1 and the localization of MRN in lysosomes. Furthermore, cisplatin-induced cell death increased MRN degradation, suggesting that this complex is one of the targets that favor cell death. These findings open the possibility of using the induction of the degradation of the MRN complex after genotoxic damage as a potential therapeutic strategy to eliminate tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joaquín Herrero-Ruíz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - María Galindo-Moreno
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - M Cristina Limón-Mortés
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Mar Mora-Santos
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Carmen Sáez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) and Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, E-41013, Spain
| | - Miguel Á Japón
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) and Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, E-41013, Spain
| | - Maria Tortolero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Francisco Romero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain.
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9
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Tsang ES, Munster PN. Targeting RAD51-Mediated Homologous Recombination as a Treatment for Advanced Solid and Hematologic Malignancies: Opportunities and Challenges Ahead. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1509-1518. [PMID: 36536949 PMCID: PMC9758980 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s322297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RAD51 is integral in homologous recombination DNA damage repair and has garnered much interest as both a biomarker and potential therapeutic target in oncology. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated its role as a predictive marker, particularly in the context of platinum-based therapies and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. In this review, we highlight the development of RAD51 inhibitors, with a focus on novel molecules and ongoing clinical trials. Despite many efforts to develop effective and tolerable direct RAD51 inhibitors, identification of these agents remains challenging. Clinically, however, there may be a role of pharmacological indirect RAD51 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Tsang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Pamela N Munster
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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10
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The Mechanistic Understanding of RAD51 Defibrillation: A Critical Step in BRCA2-Mediated DNA Repair by Homologous Recombination. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158338. [PMID: 35955488 PMCID: PMC9368738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic action of anticancer drugs can be potentiated by inhibiting DNA repair mechanisms. RAD51 is a crucial protein for genomic stability due to its critical role in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. BRCA2 assists RAD51 fibrillation and defibrillation in the cytoplasm and nucleus and assists its nuclear transport. BRC4 is a peptide derived from the fourth BRC repeat of BRCA2, and it lacks the nuclear localization sequence. Here, we used BRC4 to (i) reverse RAD51 fibrillation; (ii) avoid the nuclear transport of RAD51; and (iii) inhibit HR and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. Specifically, using static and dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and microscale thermophoresis, we show that BRC4 eroded RAD51 fibrils from their termini through a “domino” mechanism and yielded monomeric RAD51 with a cumulative nanomolar affinity. Using cellular assays (BxPC-3, pancreatic cancer), we show that a myristoylated BRC4 (designed for a more efficient cell entry) abolished the formation of nuclear RAD51 foci. The present study provides a molecular description of RAD51 defibrillation, an essential step in BRCA2-mediated homologous recombination and DNA repair.
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11
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Bagnolini G, Balboni B, Schipani F, Gioia D, Veronesi M, De Franco F, Kaya C, Jumde RP, Ortega JA, Girotto S, Hirsch AKH, Roberti M, Cavalli A. Identification of RAD51–BRCA2 Inhibitors Using N-Acylhydrazone-Based Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1262-1269. [PMID: 35978685 PMCID: PMC9377020 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
RAD51 is an ATP-dependent recombinase, recruited by BRCA2
to mediate
DNA double-strand breaks repair through homologous recombination and
represents an attractive cancer drug target. Herein, we applied for
the first-time protein-templated dynamic combinatorial chemistry on
RAD51 as a hit identification strategy. Upon design of N-acylhydrazone-based dynamic combinatorial libraries, RAD51 showed
a clear templating effect, amplifying 19 N-acylhydrazones.
Screening against the RAD51–BRCA2 protein–protein interaction
via ELISA assay afforded 10 inhibitors in the micromolar range. Further 19F NMR experiments revealed that 7 could bind
RAD51 and be displaced by BRC4, suggesting an interaction in the same
binding pocket of BRCA2. These results proved not only that ptDCC
could be successfully applied on full-length oligomeric RAD51, but
also that it could address the need of alternative strategies toward
the identification of small-molecule PPI inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bagnolini
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Beatrice Balboni
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schipani
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Dario Gioia
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Veronesi
- Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Cansu Kaya
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ravindra P. Jumde
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jose Antonio Ortega
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology (CCB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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12
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BRCA2 deficiency increases sensitivity of medulloblastoma to Olaparib by inhibiting RAD51-mediated DNA damage repair system. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:919-926. [PMID: 35001340 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE BRCA2 defect exists in glioma and regulates drug resistance of glioma to chemotherapy. However, its role in medulloblastoma and the mechanism is not known. To investigate the effects of BRCA2 deficiency combined with Olaparib in medulloblastoma and the mechanism. METHODS BRCA2 was knocked down by RNAi technology and cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by FACS analysis when the in vivo role of BRCA2 was explored with xenograft mice model. Western blotting technology was used to explore the mechanism of BRCA2. RESULTS Knockdown of BRCA2 enhanced the inhibitory effect of Olaparib on proliferation of Daoy and LN229 cells. The inhibition rate of Olaparib on Daoy or LN229 cells was 61.1%, 66.03% in shBRCA2 group, while it was 42.9%, 41.1% in shNC group. Overexpression of RAD51 partially reversed the effect of shBRCA2. In Daoy cells, apoptotic rate was 26.9% in Olaparib group and 58.9% in Olaparib/shBRCA2 group. However, it was 33.4% after RAD51 was overexpressed. It was the same in LN229 cells. In xenograft mice model, tumor volume in Olaparib and Olaparib/shBRCA2 group was 376.12 and 84.95mm3 when tumor weight was 0.46 g and 0.12 g. In addition, the level of RAD51, RAD50, MRE11, and NBS was increased by Olaparib alone but decreased reversely after knockdown of BRCA2 in Daoy cells. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of BRCA2 increases the sensitivity of medulloblastoma cells to Olaparib and strengthens the efficacy of Olaparib in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of BRCA2 causes DNA damage repair by regulating RAD51-mediated signaling pathway in Daoy cells.
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13
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Dalmasso B, Puccini A, Catalano F, Borea R, Iaia ML, Bruno W, Fornarini G, Sciallero S, Rebuzzi SE, Ghiorzo P. Beyond BRCA: The Emerging Significance of DNA Damage Response and Personalized Treatment in Pancreatic and Prostate Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094709. [PMID: 35563100 PMCID: PMC9099822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The BRCA1/2 germline and/or somatic pathogenic variants (PVs) are key players in the hereditary predisposition and therapeutic response for breast, ovarian and, more recently, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Aberrations in other genes involved in homologous recombination and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are being investigated as promising targets in ongoing clinical trials. However, DDR genes are not routinely tested worldwide. Due to heterogeneity in cohort selection and dissimilar sequencing approaches across studies, neither the burden of PVs in DDR genes nor the prevalence of PVs in genes in common among pancreatic and prostate cancer can be easily quantified. We aim to contextualize these genes, altered in both pancreatic and prostate cancers, in the DDR process, to summarize their hereditary and somatic burden in different studies and harness their deficiency for cancer treatments in the context of currently ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that the inclusion of DDR genes, other than BRCA1/2, shared by both cancers considerably increases the detection rate of potentially actionable variants, which are triplicated in pancreatic and almost doubled in prostate cancer. Thus, DDR alterations are suitable targets for drug development and to improve the outcome in both pancreatic and prostate cancer patients. Importantly, this will increase the detection of germline pathogenic variants, thereby patient referral to genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dalmasso
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (B.D.); (W.B.)
| | - Alberto Puccini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Fabio Catalano
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Roberto Borea
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Laura Iaia
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - William Bruno
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (B.D.); (W.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefania Sciallero
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (F.C.); (R.B.); (M.L.I.); (G.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Ospedale San Paolo, Medical Oncology, 17100 Savona, Italy
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (B.D.); (W.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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14
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Zhang J, Yang C, Tang P, Chen J, Zhang D, Li Y, Yang G, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Ouyang L. Discovery of 4-Hydroxyquinazoline Derivatives as Small Molecular BET/PARP1 Inhibitors That Induce Defective Homologous Recombination and Lead to Synthetic Lethality for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6803-6825. [PMID: 35442700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The effective potency and resistance of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors limit their application. Here, we exploit a new paradigm that mimics the effects of breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA) mutations to trigger the possibility of synthetic lethality, based on the previous discovery of a potential synthetic lethality effect between bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) and PARP1. Consequently, the present study describes compound BP44 with high selectivity for BRD4 and PARP1. Fortunately, BP44 inhibits the homologous recombination in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and triggers synthetic lethality, thus leading to cell cycle arrest and DNA damage. In conclusion, we optimized the BRD4-PARP1 inhibitor based on previous studies, and we expect it to become a candidate drug for the treatment of TNBC in the future. This strategy aims to expand the use of PARPi in BRCA-competent TNBC, making an innovative approach to address unmet oncology needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Chengcan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Pan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Gaoxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan,China
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15
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Kelm JM, Samarbakhsh A, Pillai A, VanderVere-Carozza PS, Aruri H, Pandey DS, Pawelczak KS, Turchi JJ, Gavande NS. Recent Advances in the Development of Non-PIKKs Targeting Small Molecule Inhibitors of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. Front Oncol 2022; 12:850883. [PMID: 35463312 PMCID: PMC9020266 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.850883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of cancer patients receive DNA-damaging drugs or ionizing radiation (IR) during their course of treatment, yet the efficacy of these therapies is tempered by DNA repair and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. Aberrations in DNA repair and the DDR are observed in many cancer subtypes and can promote de novo carcinogenesis, genomic instability, and ensuing resistance to current cancer therapy. Additionally, stalled or collapsed DNA replication forks present a unique challenge to the double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair system. Of the various inducible DNA lesions, DSBs are the most lethal and thus desirable in the setting of cancer treatment. In mammalian cells, DSBs are typically repaired by the error prone non-homologous end joining pathway (NHEJ) or the high-fidelity homology directed repair (HDR) pathway. Targeting DSB repair pathways using small molecular inhibitors offers a promising mechanism to synergize DNA-damaging drugs and IR while selective inhibition of the NHEJ pathway can induce synthetic lethality in HDR-deficient cancer subtypes. Selective inhibitors of the NHEJ pathway and alternative DSB-repair pathways may also see future use in precision genome editing to direct repair of resulting DSBs created by the HDR pathway. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the development of inhibitors of the non-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (non-PIKKs) members of the NHEJ, HDR and minor backup SSA and alt-NHEJ DSB-repair pathways. The inhibitors described within this review target the non-PIKKs mediators of DSB repair including Ku70/80, Artemis, DNA Ligase IV, XRCC4, MRN complex, RPA, RAD51, RAD52, ERCC1-XPF, helicases, and DNA polymerase θ. While the DDR PIKKs remain intensely pursued as therapeutic targets, small molecule inhibition of non-PIKKs represents an emerging opportunity in drug discovery that offers considerable potential to impact cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Kelm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Amirreza Samarbakhsh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Athira Pillai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Hariprasad Aruri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Deepti S. Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - John J. Turchi
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States,NERx Biosciences, Indianapolis, IN, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Navnath S. Gavande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States,*Correspondence: Navnath S. Gavande, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-0235
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16
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Han Y, Hu X, Yun X, Liu J, Yang J, Tian Z, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 enhances chemoresistance through DNA damage repair pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by binding with RAD51. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1083. [PMID: 34782617 PMCID: PMC8593035 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) is an essential regulator of mitotic progression, spindle assembly, and chromosome attachment. Although NUSAP1 acts as an oncogene involved in the progression of several cancers, the exact role of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains elusive. Herein, we first discovered obvious overexpression of NUSAP1 in CLL associated with poor prognosis. Next, the NUSAP1 level was modulated by transfecting CLL cells with lentivirus. Silencing NUSAP1 inhibited the cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. Mechanistically, high expression of NUSAP1 strengthened DNA damage repairing with RAD51 engagement. Our results also indicated that NUSAP1 knockdown suppressed the growth CLL cells in vivo. We further confirmed that NUSAP1 reduction enhanced the sensitivity of CLL cells to fludarabine or ibrutinib. Overall, our research investigates the mechanism by which NUSAP1 enhances chemoresistance via DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling by stabilizing RAD51 in CLL cells. Hence, NUSAP1 may be expected to be a perspective target for the treatment of CLL with chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xinting Hu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaoya Yun
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Juan Yang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Zheng Tian
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
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17
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McPherson KS, Korzhnev DM. Targeting protein-protein interactions in the DNA damage response pathways for cancer chemotherapy. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1167-1195. [PMID: 34458830 PMCID: PMC8342002 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is an extensive signaling network that orchestrates DNA damage recognition, repair and avoidance, cell cycle progression and cell death. DDR alteration is a hallmark of cancer, with the deficiency in one DDR capability often compensated by a dependency on alternative pathways endowing cancer cells with survival and growth advantage. Targeting these DDR pathways has provided multiple opportunities for the development of cancer therapies. Traditional drug discovery has mainly focused on catalytic inhibitors that block enzyme active sites, which limits the number of potential drug targets within the DDR pathways. This review article describes the emerging approach to the development of cancer therapeutics targeting essential protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in the DDR network. The overall strategy for the structure-based design of small molecule PPI inhibitors is discussed, followed by an overview of the major DNA damage sensing, DNA repair, and DNA damage tolerance pathways with a specific focus on PPI targets for anti-cancer drug design. The existing small molecule inhibitors of DDR PPIs are summarized that selectively kill cancer cells and/or sensitize cancers to front-line genotoxic therapies, and a range of new PPI targets are proposed that may lead to the development of novel chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Silva McPherson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 USA +1 860 679 3408 +1 860 679 2849
| | - Dmitry M Korzhnev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 USA +1 860 679 3408 +1 860 679 2849
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18
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Inhibiting homologous recombination by targeting RAD51 protein. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188597. [PMID: 34332021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is involved in repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), the most harmful for the cell. Regulating HR is essential for maintaining genomic stability. In many forms of cancer, overactivation of HR increases tumor resistance to DNA-damaging treatments. RAD51, HR's core protein, is very often over-expressed in these cancers and plays a critical role in cancer cell development and survival. Targeting RAD51 directly to reduce its activity and its expression is therefore one strategy to sensitize and overcome resistance cancer cells to existing DNA-damaging therapies which remains the limiting factor for the success of targeted therapy. This review describes the structure and biological roles of RAD51, summarizes the different targeted sites of RAD51 and its inhibitory compounds discovered and described in the last decade.
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19
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Shkundina IS, Gall AA, Dick A, Cocklin S, Mazin AV. New RAD51 Inhibitors to Target Homologous Recombination in Human Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060920. [PMID: 34208492 PMCID: PMC8235719 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting DNA repair proteins with small-molecule inhibitors became a proven anti-cancer strategy. Previously, we identified an inhibitor of a major protein of homologous recombination (HR) RAD51, named B02. B02 inhibited HR in human cells and sensitized them to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro and in vivo. Here, using a medicinal chemistry approach, we aimed to improve the potency of B02. We identified the B02 analog, B02-isomer, which inhibits HR in human cells with significantly higher efficiency. We also show that B02-iso sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Shkundina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (I.S.S.); (A.D.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Alexej Dick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (I.S.S.); (A.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Simon Cocklin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (I.S.S.); (A.D.); (S.C.)
| | - Alexander V. Mazin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (I.S.S.); (A.D.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Zheng W, Chen Q, Liu H, Hu S, Zhou Y, Bai Y, Zhang J, Pan Y, Shao C. CD81 Enhances Radioresistance of Glioblastoma by Promoting Nuclear Translocation of Rad51. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13091998. [PMID: 33919192 PMCID: PMC8122253 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13091998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CD81 is highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) as a transmembrane protein. The functional study demonstrated that CD81 contributed to radioresistance of GBM. Further evidence showed that CD81 expression was closely related to DNA damage response and homologous recombination repair (HRR) was responsible for the CD81 mediated radioresistance. Particularly, nuclear membrane protein CD81 assisted the nuclear transport of Rad51, a key protein involved in HRR process after irradiation. Overall, CD81 may be utility as a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target of radioresistant GBM. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of primary tumor in central nervous system in adult with a 5-year survival rate of ≤5%. Despite of recent advances in tumor radiotherapy, the prognosis of GBM remains to be dismal due to radioresistance. In this study, we identified CD81 as a potential biomarker of GBM radioresistance with the analysis of upregulated genes in human glioma radioresistant cell lines U251R and T98G in comparison with U251 cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that suppressing CD81 by siRNA/shRNA enhanced radiation-induced cell killing and DNA damage of γ-H2AX formation, and delayed tumor xenograft growth of GBM. Mechanistically, we found that knockdown of CD81 significantly decreased radiation-induced expression of nuclear Rad51, a key protein involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR) of DNA, suggesting that CD81 is essential for DNA damage response. Meanwhile, when the cells were treated with B02, a Rad51 inhibitor, silencing CD81 would not sensitize GBM cells to radiation, which further illustrates that Rad51 acts as an effector protein of CD81 in tumor radioresistance. Dual immunofluorescence staining of CD81 and Rad51 illustrated that nuclear membrane CD81 contributed to the nuclear transport of Rad51 after irradiation. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that CD81 not only played a vital role in DNA repair through regulating Rad51 nuclear transport, but also might serve as a potential target of GBM radiotherapy.
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21
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Scott DE, Francis-Newton NJ, Marsh ME, Coyne AG, Fischer G, Moschetti T, Bayly AR, Sharpe TD, Haas KT, Barber L, Valenzano CR, Srinivasan R, Huggins DJ, Lee M, Emery A, Hardwick B, Ehebauer M, Dagostin C, Esposito A, Pellegrini L, Perrior T, McKenzie G, Blundell TL, Hyvönen M, Skidmore J, Venkitaraman AR, Abell C. A small-molecule inhibitor of the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction modulates RAD51 assembly and potentiates DNA damage-induced cell death. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:835-847.e5. [PMID: 33662256 PMCID: PMC8219027 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BRCA2 controls RAD51 recombinase during homologous DNA recombination (HDR) through eight evolutionarily conserved BRC repeats, which individually engage RAD51 via the motif Phe-x-x-Ala. Using structure-guided molecular design, templated on a monomeric thermostable chimera between human RAD51 and archaeal RadA, we identify CAM833, a 529 Da orthosteric inhibitor of RAD51:BRC with a Kd of 366 nM. The quinoline of CAM833 occupies a hotspot, the Phe-binding pocket on RAD51 and the methyl of the substituted α-methylbenzyl group occupies the Ala-binding pocket. In cells, CAM833 diminishes formation of damage-induced RAD51 nuclear foci; inhibits RAD51 molecular clustering, suppressing extended RAD51 filament assembly; potentiates cytotoxicity by ionizing radiation, augmenting 4N cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death and works with poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP)1 inhibitors to suppress growth in BRCA2-wildtype cells. Thus, chemical inhibition of the protein-protein interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51 disrupts HDR and potentiates DNA damage-induced cell death, with implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan E Scott
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Nicola J Francis-Newton
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - May E Marsh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Anthony G Coyne
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gerhard Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Tommaso Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Andrew R Bayly
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Timothy D Sharpe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Kalina T Haas
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Lorraine Barber
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Chiara R Valenzano
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rajavel Srinivasan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David J Huggins
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Amy Emery
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Bryn Hardwick
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Matthias Ehebauer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Claudio Dagostin
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alessandro Esposito
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Trevor Perrior
- Excellium Consulting, Brook Farm Barn, Lackford, Bury St Edmunds IP28 6HL, UK
| | - Grahame McKenzie
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
| | - John Skidmore
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Ashok R Venkitaraman
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK.
| | - Chris Abell
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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22
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Perkhofer L, Gout J, Roger E, Kude de Almeida F, Baptista Simões C, Wiesmüller L, Seufferlein T, Kleger A. DNA damage repair as a target in pancreatic cancer: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Gut 2021; 70:606-617. [PMID: 32855305 PMCID: PMC7873425 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Complex rearrangement patterns and mitotic errors are hallmarks of most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), a disease with dismal prognosis despite some therapeutic advances in recent years. DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) bear the greatest risk of provoking genomic instability, and DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways are crucial in preserving genomic integrity following a plethora of damage types. Two major repair pathways dominate DSB repair for safeguarding the genome integrity: non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination (HR). Defective HR, but also alterations in other DDR pathways, such as BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM and PALB2, occur frequently in both inherited and sporadic PDAC. Personalised treatment of pancreatic cancer is still in its infancy and predictive biomarkers are lacking. DDR deficiency might render a PDAC vulnerable to a potential new therapeutic intervention that increases the DNA damage load beyond a tolerable threshold, as for example, induced by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. The Pancreas Cancer Olaparib Ongoing (POLO) trial, in which olaparib as a maintenance treatment improved progression-free survival compared with placebo after platinum-based induction chemotherapy in patients with PDAC and germline BRCA1/2 mutations, raised great hopes of a substantially improved outcome for this patient subgroup. This review summarises the relationship between DDR and PDAC, the prevalence and characteristics of DNA repair mutations and options for the clinical management of patients with PDAC and DNA repair deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Perkhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johann Gout
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elodie Roger
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Carolina Baptista Simões
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar De Lisboa Norte E.P.E. (CHLN), Gastroenterology, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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23
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Myers S, Ortega JA, Cavalli A. Synthetic Lethality through the Lens of Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14151-14183. [PMID: 33135887 PMCID: PMC8015234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine and therapies represent the goal of modern medicine, as drug discovery strives to move away from one-cure-for-all and makes use of the various targets and biomarkers within differing disease areas. This approach, especially in oncology, is often undermined when the cells make use of alternative survival pathways. As such, acquired resistance is unfortunately common. In order to combat this phenomenon, synthetic lethality is being investigated, making use of existing genetic fragilities within the cancer cell. This Perspective highlights exciting targets within synthetic lethality, (PARP, ATR, ATM, DNA-PKcs, WEE1, CDK12, RAD51, RAD52, and PD-1) and discusses the medicinal chemistry programs being used to interrogate them, the challenges these programs face, and what the future holds for this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel
H. Myers
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Jose Antonio Ortega
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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24
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Balboni A, Govoni M, Rossi V, Roberti M, Cavalli A, Di Stefano G, Manerba M. Lactate dehydrogenase inhibition affects homologous recombination repair independently of cell metabolic asset; implications for anticancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129760. [PMID: 33035602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells show highly increased glucose utilization which, among other cancer-essential functions, was found to facilitate DNA repair. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is pivotal for supporting the high glycolytic flux of cancer cells; to our knowledge, a direct contribution of this enzyme in the control of DNA integrity was never investigated. In this paper, we looked into a possible LDH-mediated regulation of homologous recombination (HR) repair. METHODS We identified two cancer cell lines with different assets in energy metabolism: either based on glycolytic ATP or on oxidative reactions. In cells with inhibited LDH, we assessed HR function by applying four different procedures. RESULTS Our findings revealed an LDH-mediated control of HR, which was observed independently of cell metabolic asset. Since HR inhibition is known to make cancer cells responsive to PARP inhibitors, in both the cellular models we finally explored the effects of a combined inhibition of LDH and PARP. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results suggest for LDH a central role in cancer cell biology, not merely linked to the control of energy metabolism. The involvement of LDH in the DNA damage response could suggest new drug combinations to obtain improved antineoplastic effects. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Several evidences have correlated the metabolic features of cancer cells with drug resistance and LDH inhibition has been repeatedly shown to increase the antineoplastic power of chemotherapeutics. By shedding light on the processes linking cell metabolism to the control of DNA integrity, our findings also give a mechanistic explanation to these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balboni
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marzia Govoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Rossi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marcella Manerba
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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25
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Syntheses and evaluation of daphnetin derivatives as novel G protein-coupled receptor inhibitors and activators. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104342. [PMID: 33142412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin) derivatives 1-22 were synthesized including sixteen new compounds (1-5, 7-14, 18, 21 and 22) and six known compounds (6, 15-17, 19 and 20). Their pharmacological activities on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were evaluated by double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) in vitro. Daphnetin derivatives with various substitution patterns/groups were obtained from inhibitors to activators on GPCRs. Derivatives 2-5, 8, 15, 16 and 18-20 possessed moderate activation potency on GPCRs. Among them, derivatives 3-5, 16 and 19 presented significant activation potency on GPCRs with EC50 values in the range of 1.18-1.91 nM. Derivatives 6, 11, 14 and 18 showed significant inhibitory potency on GPCRs with IC50 values in the range of 1.26-1.38 nM. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of daphnetin derivatives were discussed in detail. The new daphnetic-based GPCRs activators and inhibitors have potentials as future drug candidates for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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26
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Lodovichi S, Cervelli T, Pellicioli A, Galli A. Inhibition of DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy: Toward a Multi-Target Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6684. [PMID: 32932697 PMCID: PMC7554826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in DNA repair pathways are one of the main drivers of cancer insurgence. Nevertheless, cancer cells are more susceptible to DNA damage than normal cells and they rely on specific functional repair pathways to survive. Thanks to advances in genome sequencing, we now have a better idea of which genes are mutated in specific cancers and this prompted the development of inhibitors targeting DNA repair players involved in pathways essential for cancer cells survival. Currently, the pivotal concept is that combining the inhibition of mechanisms on which cancer cells viability depends is the most promising way to treat tumorigenesis. Numerous inhibitors have been developed and for many of them, efficacy has been demonstrated either alone or in combination with chemo or radiotherapy. In this review, we will analyze the principal pathways involved in cell cycle checkpoint and DNA repair focusing on how their alterations could predispose to cancer, then we will explore the inhibitors developed or in development specifically targeting different proteins involved in each pathway, underscoring the rationale behind their usage and how their combination and/or exploitation as adjuvants to classic therapies could help in patients clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Lodovichi
- Bioscience Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20131 Milan, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Cervelli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics Group, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56125 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Achille Pellicioli
- Bioscience Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20131 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alvaro Galli
- Yeast Genetics and Genomics Group, Laboratory of Functional Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Clinical Physiology CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56125 Pisa, Italy;
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27
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Bagnolini G, Milano D, Manerba M, Schipani F, Ortega JA, Gioia D, Falchi F, Balboni A, Farabegoli F, De Franco F, Robertson J, Pellicciari R, Pallavicini I, Peri S, Minucci S, Girotto S, Di Stefano G, Roberti M, Cavalli A. Synthetic Lethality in Pancreatic Cancer: Discovery of a New RAD51-BRCA2 Small Molecule Disruptor That Inhibits Homologous Recombination and Synergizes with Olaparib. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2588-2619. [PMID: 32037829 PMCID: PMC7997579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Synthetic lethality
is an innovative framework for discovering
novel anticancer drug candidates. One example is the use of PARP inhibitors
(PARPi) in oncology patients with BRCA mutations.
Here, we exploit a new paradigm based on the possibility of triggering
synthetic lethality using only small organic molecules (dubbed “fully
small-molecule-induced synthetic lethality”). We exploited
this paradigm to target pancreatic cancer, one of the major unmet
needs in oncology. We discovered a dihydroquinolone pyrazoline-based
molecule (35d) that disrupts the RAD51-BRCA2 protein–protein
interaction, thus mimicking the effect of BRCA2 mutation. 35d inhibits the homologous recombination in a human pancreatic
adenocarcinoma cell line. In addition, it synergizes with olaparib
(a PARPi) to trigger synthetic lethality. This strategy aims to widen
the use of PARPi in BRCA-competent and olaparib-resistant
cancers, making fully small-molecule-induced synthetic lethality an
innovative approach toward unmet oncological needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bagnolini
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Milano
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcella Manerba
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schipani
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jose Antonio Ortega
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Dario Gioia
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Falchi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Balboni
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvia Farabegoli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca De Franco
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via Palmiro Togliatti 22bis, I-06073 Corciano, Perugia, Italy
| | - Janet Robertson
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via Palmiro Togliatti 22bis, I-06073 Corciano, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Pellicciari
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via Palmiro Togliatti 22bis, I-06073 Corciano, Perugia, Italy
| | - Isabella Pallavicini
- Department of Experimental Oncology at the IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Peri
- Department of Experimental Oncology at the IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20100 Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Oncology at the IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Via Adamello 16, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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28
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Zhang S, Zhong X, Yuan H, Guo Y, Song D, Qi F, Zhu Z, Wang X, Guo Z. Interfering in apoptosis and DNA repair of cancer cells to conquer cisplatin resistance by platinum(iv) prodrugs. Chem Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00197j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum(iv) prodrugs targeting the DNA repair mechanism downregulate myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and homologous recombination proteins (RAD51, BRCA2), thereby enhancing cytotoxicity against cisplatin-resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Xuanmeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Dongfan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Fen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Finance & Economics
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Centre
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
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29
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Wang C, Li H, Ma P, Sun J, Li L, Wei J, Tao L, Qian K. The third-generation retinoid adapalene triggered DNA damage to induce S-phase arrest in HaCat cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:380-388. [PMID: 31808972 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal proliferative diseases consisted of a series of common skin diseases, most of which were recurrent chronic skin diseases, and had greatly negative influence on the life quality of patient. Retinoids exhibited vital roles in the treatment of many skin diseases. Our recent study demonstrated that adapalene significantly inhibited the growth of HaCat cells, and the inhibitory activity was stronger than other retinoids, such as all-trans-retinoic acid, acitretin, isotretinoin, tazarotene, and bexarotene. Further study showed that adapalene suppressed the colony formation of HaCat cells, and it dramatically triggered S-phase arrest and apoptosis, rather than G1 phase arrest which was reported in other retinoids in several studies. Additionally, adapalene treatment greatly upregulated the protein expression of DNA damage marker γ-H2AX, which was in accord with the results of the elongation of tail moment by comet electrophoresis analysis. Moreover, DNA damage was triggered and DNA repair was suppressed synchronously with adapalene treatment, which accounted for the mechanism of S-phase arrest induced by adapalene. In summary, our recent work demonstrated that adapalene showed strong anti-proliferation activity in HaCat cells and could be an alternative agent for the epidermal proliferative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jianfang Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing, 210042, China
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30
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Wang J, Bian C, Wang Y, Shen Q, Bao B, Fan J, Zuo A, Wu W, Guo R. Syntheses and bioactivities of songorine derivatives as novel G protein-coupled receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1903-1910. [PMID: 30926314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Songorine isolated from Aconitum brachypodum Diels possesses prominent activity of inhibiting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the early screening process. In this paper, a series of Songorine derivatives were synthesized and their inhibitory activities on GPCRs were also evaluated by using the Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) in vitro. Among them, three derivatives (3a, 4, 7) exhibited significant inhibitory activity against GPCRs with IC50 values of 0.08-0.29 nM. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of songorine derivatives were discussed in detail. They have great potentials as novel GPCRs antagonists in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Changhao Bian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Quan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Bao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junting Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aixue Zuo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Wenhui Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Ruihua Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China.
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