1
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Yamada M, Tanito K, Suzuki H, Nakato D, Miya F, Takenouchi T, Kosaki K. Café-au-lait Spots and Cleft Palate: Not a Chance Association. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023:10556656231188205. [PMID: 37448313 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231188205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition of syndromic forms of cleft palate is important for condition-specific management. Here, we report a patient with cleft palate, congenital heart disease, intellectual disability, and café-au-lait spots who had a deletion of chromosome 15q14. The identification of the precise breakpoints using a Nanopore-based long-read sequencer showed that the deletion spanned MEIS2 and SPRED1 loci. Cleft palate and café-au-lait spots can be ascribed to MEIS2 and SPRED1, respectively. Patients with cleft palate and café-au-lait spots should be encouraged to undergo a detailed genomic evaluation, including screening for a 15q14 deletion, to enable appropriate anticipatory medico-surgical management and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakato
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Iourov IY, Gerasimov AP, Zelenova MA, Ivanova NE, Kurinnaia OS, Zabrodskaya YM, Demidova IA, Barantsevich ER, Vasin KS, Kolotii AD, Ushanov VV, Sitovskaya DA, Lobzhanidze TBA, Iuditskaia ME, Iakushev NS, Zhumatov MM, Vorsanova SG, Samochernyh KA. Cytogenomic epileptology. Mol Cytogenet 2023; 16:1. [PMID: 36600272 PMCID: PMC9814426 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-022-00634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular cytogenetic and cytogenomic studies have made a contribution to genetics of epilepsy. However, current genomic research of this devastative condition is generally focused on the molecular genetic aspects (i.e. gene hunting, detecting mutations in known epilepsy-associated genes, searching monogenic causes of epilepsy). Nonetheless, chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variants (CNVs) represent an important part of genetic defects causing epilepsy. Moreover, somatic chromosomal mosaicism and genome/chromosome instability seem to be a possible mechanism for a wide spectrum of epileptic conditions. This idea becomes even more attracting taking into account the potential of molecular neurocytogenetic (neurocytogenomic) studies of the epileptic brain. Unfortunately, analyses of chromosome numbers and structure in the affected brain or epileptogenic brain foci are rarely performed. Therefore, one may conclude that cytogenomic area of genomic epileptology is poorly researched. Accordingly, molecular cytogenetic and cytogenomic studies of the clinical cohorts and molecular neurocytogenetic analyses of the epileptic brain appear to be required. Here, we have performed a theoretical analysis to define the targets of the aforementioned studies and to highlight future directions for molecular cytogenetic and cytogenomic research of epileptic disorders in the widest sense. To succeed, we have formed a consortium, which is planned to perform at least a part of suggested research. Taking into account the nature of the communication, "cytogenomic epileptology" has been introduced to cover the research efforts in this field of medical genomics and epileptology. Additionally, initial results of studying cytogenomic variations in the Russian neurodevelopmental cohort are reviewed with special attention to epilepsy. In total, we have concluded that (i) epilepsy-associated cytogenomic variations require more profound research; (ii) ontological analyses of epilepsy genes affected by chromosomal rearrangements and/or CNVs with unraveling pathways implicating epilepsy-associated genes are beneficial for epileptology; (iii) molecular neurocytogenetic (neurocytogenomic) analysis of postoperative samples are warranted in patients suffering from epileptic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y. Iourov
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia ,grid.445984.00000 0001 2224 0652Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Alexandr P. Gerasimov
- grid.452417.1Research Laboratory of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria A. Zelenova
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya E. Ivanova
- grid.452417.1Scientific Department of Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oksana S. Kurinnaia
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia M. Zabrodskaya
- grid.452417.1Research Laboratory of Pathomorphology of the Nervous System, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina A. Demidova
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny R. Barantsevich
- grid.412460.5Postgraduate Neurology and Manual Medicine Department, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Vasin
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey D. Kolotii
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vseslav V. Ushanov
- grid.452417.1Department of Neurosurgery, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Darya A. Sitovskaya
- grid.452417.1Research Laboratory of Pathomorphology of the Nervous System, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Timur B.-A. Lobzhanidze
- grid.445931.e0000 0004 0471 4078Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria E. Iuditskaia
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita S. Iakushev
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Muslim M. Zhumatov
- grid.445931.e0000 0004 0471 4078Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana G. Vorsanova
- grid.466467.10000 0004 0627 319XYurov’s Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia ,grid.78028.350000 0000 9559 0613Vorsanova’s Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Samochernyh
- grid.452417.1Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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3
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Zhang B, Liu M, Fong CT, Iqbal MA. MEIS2 (15q14) gene deletions in siblings with mild developmental phenotypes and bifid uvula: documentation of mosaicism in an unaffected parent. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:58. [PMID: 34930369 PMCID: PMC8690878 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-021-00570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MEIS2 (Meis homeobox 2) encodes a homeobox protein in the three amino acid loop extension (TALE) family of highly conserved homeodomain-containing transcription regulators important for development. MEIS2 deletions/mutations have been associated with cleft lip/palate, dysmorphic facial features, cardiac defects, as well as intellectual disability at a variable severity. Here we report on one familial case that two affected siblings carry the same non-mosaic ~ 423 kb genomic deletion at 15q14 encompassing the entirety of CDIN1 and the last three exons (ex. 10, 11, 12) of the MEIS2 gene, while their unaffected father is mosaic for the same deletion in about 10% lymphocytes. Both siblings presented with mild developmental delay and bifid uvula, while no congenital cardiac abnormalities were identified. The elder sister also showed syncopal episodes and mild speech delay and the father had atrial septal defects. This is the first report showing multiple family members inherit a genomic deletion resulting in a MEIS2 partial truncation from a mosaic parent. Taken all together, this study has important implications for genetic counseling regarding recurrence risk and also points to the importance of offering MEIS2 gene tests covering both point mutations and microdeletions to individuals with milder bifid uvula and developmental delay.
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4
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Gangfuß A, Yigit G, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Czeschik JC, Wollnik B, Bögershausen N, Burfeind P, Wieczorek D, Kaiser F, Roos A, Kölbel H, Schara-Schmidt U, Kuechler A. Intellectual disability associated with craniofacial dysmorphism, cleft palate, and congenital heart defect due to a de novo MEIS2 mutation: A clinical longitudinal study. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1216-1221. [PMID: 33427397 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) has an estimated prevalence of 1.5%-2%. Whole exome sequencing (WES) studies have identified a multitude of novel causative gene defects and have shown that sporadic ID cases result from de novo mutations in genes associated with ID. Here, we report on a 10-year-old girl, who has been regularly presented in our neuropediatric and genetic outpatient clinic. A median cleft palate and a heart defect were surgically corrected in infancy. Apart from ID, she has behavioral anomalies, muscular hypotonia, scoliosis, and hypermobile joints. The facial phenotype is characterized by arched eyebrows, mildly upslanting long palpebral fissures, prominent nasal tip, and large, protruding ears. Trio WES revealed a de novo missense variant in MEIS2 (c.998G>A; p.Arg333Lys). Haploinsufficiency of MEIS2 had been discussed as the most likely mechanism of the microdeletion 5q14-associated complex phenotype with ID, cleft palate, and heart defect. Recently, four studies including in total 17 individuals with intragenic MEIS2 variants were reported. Here we present the evolution of the clinical phenotype and compare with the data of known individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gangfuß
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nina Bögershausen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Burfeind
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heike Kölbel
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schara-Schmidt
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany
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5
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Giliberti A, Currò A, Papa FT, Frullanti E, Ariani F, Coriolani G, Grosso S, Renieri A, Mari F. MEIS2 gene is responsible for intellectual disability, cardiac defects and a distinct facial phenotype. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Sun C, Liu H, Si K, Wu Y, Zhao K, Xu R, Zhou Z, Zheng Z. Meis2 represses the osteoblastic transdifferentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells through the Notch1/Twist1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:455-461. [PMID: 30594396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular disease worldwide. The osteoblastic transdifferentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) is the essential process of CAVD, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Aortic VICs are generated from epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of neural crest cells (NCCs).Meis2 has been associated with EMT and NCCs migration during development, but its role in CAVD is unknown. This study aims to elucidate the specific functions of Meis2 and its downstream targets in aortic valve calcification. MATERIAL AND METHODS Levels of Meis2 were examined in calcified (n = 30) and normal (n = 30) human aortic valve tissues, respectively. Meis2 was inhibited in porcine aortic VICs in vitro, and the effect on osteoblastic transdifferentiation and its downstream pathway were studied. RESULTS Meis2 gene and protein expression decreased significantly in calcified human aortic valve tissue compared with the normal ones. Inhibiting Meis2 by siRNAs reduced the gene and protein expression of Notch1 and Twist1, and induced the osteoblastic transdifferentiation of the porcine aortic VICs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that Meis2 repress the osteoblastic transdifferentiation of aortic VICs through the Notch1/Twist1 signaling pathway. The Results identify Meis2 as a potential intervention target for the prevention of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Sun
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanning Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Si
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Wu
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Heterozygous loss-of-function variants of MEIS2 cause a triad of palatal defects, congenital heart defects, and intellectual disability. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 27:278-290. [PMID: 30291340 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions on chromosome 15q14 are a known chromosomal cause of cleft palate, typically co-occurring with intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and congenital heart defects. The identification of patients with loss-of-function variants in MEIS2, a gene within this deletion, suggests that these features are attributed to haploinsufficiency of MEIS2. To further delineate the phenotypic spectrum of the MEIS2-related syndrome, we collected 23 previously unreported patients with either a de novo sequence variant in MEIS2 (9 patients), or a 15q14 microdeletion affecting MEIS2 (14 patients). All but one de novo MEIS2 variant were identified by whole-exome sequencing. One variant was found by targeted sequencing of MEIS2 in a girl with a clinical suspicion of this syndrome. In addition to the triad of palatal defects, heart defects, and developmental delay, heterozygous loss of MEIS2 results in recurrent facial features, including thin and arched eyebrows, short alae nasi, and thin vermillion. Genotype-phenotype comparison between patients with 15q14 deletions and patients with sequence variants or intragenic deletions within MEIS2, showed a higher prevalence of moderate-to-severe intellectual disability in the former group, advocating for an independent locus for psychomotor development neighboring MEIS2.
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8
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Douglas G, Cho MT, Telegrafi A, Winter S, Carmichael J, Zackai EH, Deardorff MA, Harr M, Williams L, Psychogios A, Erwin AL, Grebe T, Retterer K, Juusola J. De novo
missense variants in
MEIS2
recapitulate the microdeletion phenotype of cardiac and palate abnormalities, developmental delay, intellectual disability and dysmorphic features. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1845-1851. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Winter
- Valley Children's Hospital Central California Madera California
| | | | - Elaine H. Zackai
- The Division of GeneticsThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- The Department of PediatricsThe Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew A. Deardorff
- The Division of GeneticsThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- The Department of PediatricsThe Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret Harr
- The Division of GeneticsThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Linford Williams
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Apostolos Psychogios
- The Departments of PediatricsInternal Medicine, and Cardiology, University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky
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9
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Wang M, Liu D, Schwender H, Wang H, Wang P, Zhou Z, Li J, Wu T, Zhu H, Beaty TH. Evaluating the effect of nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes on the risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1068-1072. [PMID: 29688589 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple studies have suggested nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P), and lung cancer may have common genetic etiology. Previous studies have showed genetic variants in nicotinic cholinergic receptor genes (CHRNs) may influence risk of lung cancer. We aimed to explore the effect of CHRNs on risk of NSCL/P considering gene-gene (GxG) interaction for these genes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We selected 120 markers in 14 CHRNs to test for GxG interaction using 806 Chinese case-parent trios recruited from an international consortium established for a GWAS of oral clefts. RESULTS Totally, two pairs of SNPs yielded significant GxG interactions after Bonferroni correction (rs935865 and rs2337980 with p = 4.04 × 10-5 , rs2741335 and rs3743077 with p = 4.80 × 10-4 ), and these pairwise interactions were confirmed in permutation tests. In addition, the relative risk (RR) of the putative interaction between rs935865 and rs2337980 was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.92~1.31). CONCLUSIONS While the single SNP association and the gene-environment interaction analysis of 14 CHRN genes yielded no signal, this study did demonstrate the importance of considering potential GxG interaction for exploring etiology of NSCL/P. This study suggests an important role for particular combinations of SNPs in CHRN genes in influencing risk to NSCL/P, which needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjing Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Holger Schwender
- Mathematical Institute, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Terri H Beaty
- School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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10
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Fujita A, Isidor B, Piloquet H, Corre P, Okamoto N, Nakashima M, Tsurusaki Y, Saitsu H, Miyake N, Matsumoto N. De novo MEIS2 mutation causes syndromic developmental delay with persistent gastro-esophageal reflux. J Hum Genet 2016; 61:835-8. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a de novo 4.858-Mb microdeletion in 15q14 associated with ACTC1 and MEIS2 haploinsufficiency and tetralogy of Fallot. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 55:270-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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12
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Louw JJ, Corveleyn A, Jia Y, Hens G, Gewillig M, Devriendt K. MEIS2involvement in cardiac development, cleft palate, and intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:1142-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacoba J. Louw
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Cardiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
- Center of Human Genetics; University Hospitals Leuven; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Belgium
| | - Anniek Corveleyn
- Center of Human Genetics; University Hospitals Leuven; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Belgium
| | - Yaojuan Jia
- Center of Human Genetics; University Hospitals Leuven; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Belgium
| | - Greet Hens
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
| | - Marc Gewillig
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Cardiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center of Human Genetics; University Hospitals Leuven; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Belgium
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13
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Johansson S, Berland S, Gradek GA, Bongers E, de Leeuw N, Pfundt R, Fannemel M, Rødningen O, Brendehaug A, Haukanes BI, Hovland R, Helland G, Houge G. Haploinsufficiency ofMEIS2is associated with orofacial clefting and learning disability. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1622-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Johansson
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Gyri Aasland Gradek
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Ernie Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Madeleine Fannemel
- Department of Medical Genetics; Oslo University Hospital; Ullevål Oslo Norway
| | - Olaug Rødningen
- Department of Medical Genetics; Oslo University Hospital; Ullevål Oslo Norway
| | - Atle Brendehaug
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Bjørn Ivar Haukanes
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Randi Hovland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Gunnar Helland
- Department of Pediatrics; Levanger Hospital; Levanger Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
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14
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Deletion 1q43 encompassing only CHRM3 in a patient with autistic disorder. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 56:118-22. [PMID: 23253743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Deletions on the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 1 result in complex and highly variable clinical phenotypes which include intellectual disability, autism, seizures, microcephaly/craniofacial dysmorphology, corpus callosal agenesis/hypogenesis, cardiac and genital anomalies, hand and foot abnormalities and short stature. Genotype-phenotype correlation reported a minimum region of 2 Mb at 1q43-q44. We report on a 3 ½ year old male patient diagnosed with autistic disorder who has social withdrawal, eating problems, repetitive stereotypic behaviors including self-injurious head banging and hair pulling, and no seizures, anxiety, or mood swings. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) showed an interstitial deletion of 473 kb at 1q43 region (239,412,391-239,885,394; NCBI build37/hg19) harboring only CHRM3 (Acetylcholine Receptor, Muscarinic, 3; OMIM: 118494). Recently, another case with a de novo interstitial deletion of 911 kb at 1q43 encompassing three genes including CHRM3 was reported. The M3 muscarinic receptor influences a multitude of central and peripheral nervous system processes via its interaction with acetylcholine and may be an important modulator of behavior, learning and memory. We propose CHRM3 as a candidate gene responsible for our patient's specific phenotype as well as the overlapping phenotypic features of other patients with 1q43 or 1q43-q44 deletions.
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15
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Brems H, Pasmant E, Van Minkelen R, Wimmer K, Upadhyaya M, Legius E, Messiaen L. Review and update of SPRED1 mutations causing Legius syndrome. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:1538-46. [PMID: 22753041 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Legius syndrome presents as a mild neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) phenotype. Multiple café-au-lait spots and macrocephaly are present with or without axillary or inguinal freckling. Other typical NF1-associated features (Lisch nodules, bone abnormalities, neurofibromas, optic pathway gliomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors) are systematically absent. Legius syndrome is caused by germline loss-of-function SPRED1 mutations, resulting in overactivation of the RAS-MAPK signal transduction cascade. The first families were identified in 2007. Here, we review all identified SPRED1 mutations and summarize molecular, clinical, and functional data. All mutations have been deposited in a database created using the Leiden Open Variation Database software and accessible at http://www.lovd.nl/SPRED1. At present, the database contains 89 different mutations identified in 146 unrelated probands, including 16 new variants described for the first time. The database contains a spectrum of mutations: 29 missense, 28 frameshift, 19 nonsense, eight copy number changes, two splicing, one silent, one in-frame deletion and a mutation affecting the initiation codon. Sixty-three mutations and deletions are definitely pathogenic or most likely pathogenic, eight SPRED1 mutations are probably benign rare variants, and 17 SPRED1 missense mutations are still unclassified and need further family and functional studies to help with the interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Brems
- Department of Human Genetics, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Anthoni H, Sucheston LE, Lewis BA, Tapia-Páez I, Fan X, Zucchelli M, Taipale M, Stein CM, Hokkanen ME, Castrén E, Pennington BF, Smith SD, Olson RK, Tomblin JB, Schulte-Körne G, Nöthen M, Schumacher J, Müller-Myhsok B, Hoffmann P, Gilger JW, Hynd GW, Nopola-Hemmi J, Leppanen PHT, Lyytinen H, Schoumans J, Nordenskjöld M, Spencer J, Stanic D, Boon WC, Simpson E, Mäkelä S, Gustafsson JÅ, Peyrard-Janvid M, Iyengar S, Kere J. The aromatase gene CYP19A1: several genetic and functional lines of evidence supporting a role in reading, speech and language. Behav Genet 2012; 42:509-27. [PMID: 22426781 PMCID: PMC3375077 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-012-9532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the localization, on 15q21.2 of the CYP19A1 gene in the linkage region of speech and language disorders, and a rare translocation in a dyslexic individual that was brought to our attention, we conducted a series of studies on the properties of CYP19A1 as a candidate gene for dyslexia and related conditions. The aromatase enzyme is a member of the cytochrome P450 super family, and it serves several key functions: it catalyzes the conversion of androgens into estrogens; during early mammalian development it controls the differentiation of specific brain areas (e.g. local estrogen synthesis in the hippocampus regulates synaptic plasticity and axonal growth); it is involved in sexual differentiation of the brain; and in songbirds and teleost fishes, it regulates vocalization. Our results suggest that variations in CYP19A1 are associated with dyslexia as a categorical trait and with quantitative measures of language and speech, such as reading, vocabulary, phonological processing and oral motor skills. Variations near the vicinity of its brain promoter region altered transcription factor binding, suggesting a regulatory role in CYP19A1 expression. CYP19A1 expression in human brain correlated with the expression of dyslexia susceptibility genes such as DYX1C1 and ROBO1. Aromatase-deficient mice displayed increased cortical neuronal density and occasional cortical heterotopias, also observed in Robo1-/- mice and human dyslexic brains, respectively. An aromatase inhibitor reduced dendritic growth in cultured rat neurons. From this broad set of evidence, we propose CYP19A1 as a candidate gene for human cognitive functions implicated in reading, speech and language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Anthoni
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lara E. Sucheston
- Department of Biostatistics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000 USA
| | - Barbara A. Lewis
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Isabel Tapia-Páez
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Marco Zucchelli
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mikko Taipale
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1479 USA
| | - Catherine M. Stein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | | | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Shelley D. Smith
- Munroe Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5450 USA
| | - Richard K. Olson
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. Bruce Tomblin
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biomedical Centre, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Schumacher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biomedical Centre, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Per Hoffmann
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Centre, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biomedical Centre, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeffrey W. Gilger
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343 USA
| | - George W. Hynd
- Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424 USA
| | - Jaana Nopola-Hemmi
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Gynecology and Pediatrics, HUCH, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Heikki Lyytinen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jacqueline Schoumans
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nordenskjöld
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jason Spencer
- Howard Florey Institute, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Davor Stanic
- Howard Florey Institute, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Wah Chin Boon
- Howard Florey Institute, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Evan Simpson
- Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Sari Mäkelä
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5056 USA
| | - Myriam Peyrard-Janvid
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sudha Iyengar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
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17
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Spencer E, Davis J, Mikhail F, Fu C, Vijzelaar R, Zackai EH, Feret H, Meyn MS, Shugar A, Bellus G, Kocsis K, Kivirikko S, Pöyhönen M, Messiaen L. Identification of SPRED1 deletions using RT-PCR, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and quantitative PCR. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1352-9. [PMID: 21548021 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Legius syndrome, is a recently identified autosomal dominant disorder caused by loss of function mutations in the SPRED1 gene, with individuals mainly presenting with multiple café-au-lait macules (CALM), freckling and macrocephaly. So far, only SPRED1 point mutations have been identified as the cause of this syndrome. To determine if copy number changes (CNCs) are a cause of Legius syndrome, we have used a Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) assay covering all SPRED1 exons in a cohort of 510 NF1-negative patients presenting with multiple CALMs with or without freckling, but no other NF1 diagnostic signs. Four different deletions were identified by MLPA and confirmed by quantitative PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR and/or array CGH: a deletion of exon 1 and the SPRED1 promoter region in a proband and two first-degree relatives; a deletion of the entire SPRED1 gene in a sporadic patient; a deletion of exon 2-6 in a proband and her father; and an ∼6.6 Mb deletion on chromosome 15 that spans SPRED1 in a sporadic patient. Deletions account for ∼10% of the 40 detected SPRED1 mutations in this cohort of 510 individuals. These results indicate the need for dosage analysis to complement sequencing-based SPRED1 mutation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Spencer
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Dept of Genetics, 35294-0024, USA
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Roberti MC, Surace C, Digilio MC, D'Elia G, Sirleto P, Capolino R, Lombardo A, Tomaiuolo AC, Petrocchi S, Angioni A. Complex chromosome rearrangements related 15q14 microdeletion plays a relevant role in phenotype expression and delineates a novel recurrent syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011; 6:17. [PMID: 21504564 PMCID: PMC3096895 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex chromosome rearrangements are constitutional structural rearrangements involving three or more chromosomes or having more than two breakpoints. These are rarely seen in the general population but their frequency should be much higher due to balanced states with no phenotypic presentation. These abnormalities preferentially occur de novo during spermatogenesis and are transmitted in families through oogenesis.Here, we report a de novo complex chromosome rearrangement that interests eight chromosomes in eighteen-year-old boy with an abnormal phenotype consisting in moderate developmental delay, cleft palate, and facial dysmorphisms.Standard G-banding revealed four apparently balanced translocations [corrected] involving the chromosomes 1;13, 3;19, 9;15 and 14;18 that appeared to be reciprocal. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed no imbalances at all the breakpoints observed except for an interstitial microdeletion on chromosome 15. This deletion is 1.6 Mb in size and is located at chromosome band 15q14, distal to the Prader-Willi/Angelman region. Comparing the features of our patient with published reports of patients with 15q14 deletion this finding corresponds to the smallest genomic region of overlap. The deleted segment at 15q14 was investigated for gene content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Roberti
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Unit - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome 00165, Italy.
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Crowley MA, Conlin LK, Zackai EH, Deardorff MA, Thiel BD, Spinner NB. Further evidence for the possible role ofMEIS2in the development of cleft palate and cardiac septum. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1326-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Butler MG, Bittel DC, Kibiryeva N, Cooley LD, Yu S. An interstitial 15q11-q14 deletion: expanded Prader-Willi syndrome phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:404-8. [PMID: 20082457 PMCID: PMC2814996 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We present an infant girl with a de novo interstitial deletion of the chromosome 15q11-q14 region, larger than the typical deletion seen in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). She presented with features seen in PWS including hypotonia, a poor suck, feeding problems, and mild micrognathia. She also presented with features not typically seen in PWS such as preauricular ear tags, a high-arched palate, edematous feet, coarctation of the aorta, a PDA, and a bicuspid aortic valve. G-banded chromosome analysis showed a large de novo deletion of the proximal long arm of chromosome 15 confirmed using FISH probes (D15511 and GABRB3). Methylation testing was abnormal and consistent with the diagnosis of PWS. Because of the large appearing deletion by karyotype analysis, an array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was performed. A 12.3 Mb deletion was found which involved the 15q11-q14 region containing approximately 60 protein coding genes. This rare deletion was approximately twice the size of the typical deletion seen in PWS and involved the proximal breakpoint BP1 and the distal breakpoint was located in the 15q14 band between previously recognized breakpoints BP5 and BP6. The deletion extended slightly distal to the AVEN gene including the neighboring CHRM5 gene. There is no evidence that the genes in the 15q14 band are imprinted; therefore, their potential contribution in this patient's expanded PWS phenotype must be a consequence of dosage sensitivity of the genes or due to altered expression of intact neighboring genes from a position effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
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