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Hudac CM, Dommer K, Mahony M, DesChamps TD, Cairney B, Earl R, Kurtz-Nelson EC, Bradshaw J, Bernier RA, Eichler EE, Neuhaus E, Webb SJ, Shic F. Visual and auditory attention in individuals with DYRK1A and SCN2A disruptive variants. Autism Res 2024. [PMID: 39080977 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
This preliminary study sought to assess biomarkers of attention using electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking in two ultra-rare monogenic populations associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Relative to idiopathic ASD (n = 12) and neurotypical comparison (n = 49) groups, divergent attention profiles were observed for the monogenic groups, such that individuals with DYRK1A (n = 9) exhibited diminished auditory attention condition differences during an oddball EEG paradigm whereas individuals with SCN2A (n = 5) exhibited diminished visual attention condition differences noted by eye gaze tracking when viewing social interactions. Findings provide initial support for alignment of auditory and visual attention markers in idiopathic ASD and neurotypical development but not monogenic groups. These results support ongoing efforts to develop translational ASD biomarkers within the attention domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Hudac
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment (CAN) Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kelsey Dommer
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Monique Mahony
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Trent D DesChamps
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brianna Cairney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rachel Earl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Jessica Bradshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment (CAN) Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Raphael A Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily Neuhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sara Jane Webb
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frederick Shic
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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2
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Murphy AJ, Wilton SD, Aung-Htut MT, McIntosh CS. Down syndrome and DYRK1A overexpression: relationships and future therapeutic directions. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1391564. [PMID: 39114642 PMCID: PMC11303307 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1391564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is a genetic-based disorder that results from the triplication of chromosome 21, leading to an overexpression of many triplicated genes, including the gene encoding Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase 1A (DYRK1A). This protein has been observed to regulate numerous cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell functioning, differentiation, and apoptosis. Consequently, an overexpression of DYRK1A has been reported to result in cognitive impairment, a key phenotype of individuals with Down syndrome. Therefore, downregulating DYRK1A has been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for Down syndrome, with promising results observed from in vivo mouse models and human clinical trials that administered epigallocatechin gallate. Current DYRK1A inhibitors target the protein function directly, which tends to exhibit low specificity and selectivity, making them unfeasible for clinical or research purposes. On the other hand, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) offer a more selective therapeutic strategy to downregulate DYRK1A expression at the gene transcript level. Advances in ASO research have led to the discovery of numerous chemical modifications that increase ASO potency, specificity, and stability. Recently, several ASOs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to address neuromuscular and neurological conditions, laying the foundation for future ASO therapeutics. The limitations of ASOs, including their high production cost and difficulty delivering to target tissues can be overcome by further advances in ASO design. DYRK1A targeted ASOs could be a viable therapeutic approach to improve the quality of life for individuals with Down syndrome and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan J. Murphy
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Steve D. Wilton
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - May T. Aung-Htut
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Craig S. McIntosh
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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3
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Agha Gholizadeh M, Behjati F, Ghasemi Firouzabadi S, Heidari E, Razmara E, Almadani N, Sharifi Zarchi A, Garshasbi M. Novel splicing variant and gonadal mosaicism in DYRK1A gene identified by whole-genome sequencing in multiplex autism spectrum disorder families. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00768-6. [PMID: 38976082 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with considerable genetic heterogeneity. The disorder is clinically diagnosed based on DSM-5 criteria, featuring deficits in social communication and interaction, along with restricted and repetitive behaviours. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on four individuals with ASD from two multiplex families (MPX), where more than one individual is affected, to identify potential single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and structural variants (SVs) in coding and non-coding regions. A rigorous bioinformatics pipeline was employed for variant detection, followed by segregation analysis. Our investigation revealed an unreported splicing variant in the DYRK1A gene (c.-77 + 2T > C; IVS1 + 2T > C; NM_001396.5), in heterozygote form in two affected children in one of the families (family B), which was absent in the healthy parents and siblings. This finding suggests the presence of gonadal mosaicism in one of the parents, representing the first documented instance of such inheritance for a variant in the DYRK1A gene associated with ASD. Furthermore, we identified a 50 bp deletion in intron 9 of the DLG2 gene in two affected patients from the same family, confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing. In Family A, we identified potential candidate variants associated with ASD shared by the two patients. These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic landscape of ASD, particularly in MPX families, and highlight the utility of WGS in uncovering novel genetic contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Agha Gholizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalah-Al Ahmad Hwy, Tehran, 14117-1316, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Behjati
- Genetics Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Erfan Heidari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalah-Al Ahmad Hwy, Tehran, 14117-1316, Iran
| | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalah-Al Ahmad Hwy, Tehran, 14117-1316, Iran
| | - Navid Almadani
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi Zarchi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalah-Al Ahmad Hwy, Tehran, 14117-1316, Iran.
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4
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Abukhaled Y, Hatab K, Awadhalla M, Hamdan H. Understanding the genetic mechanisms and cognitive impairments in Down syndrome: towards a holistic approach. J Neurol 2024; 271:87-104. [PMID: 37561187 PMCID: PMC10769995 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The most common genetic cause of intellectual disability is Down syndrome (DS), trisomy 21. It commonly results from three copies of human chromosome 21 (HC21). There are no mutations or deletions involved in DS. Instead, the phenotype is caused by altered transcription of the genes on HC21. These transcriptional variations are responsible for a myriad of symptoms affecting every organ system. A very debilitating aspect of DS is intellectual disability (ID). Although tremendous advances have been made to try and understand the underlying mechanisms of ID, there is a lack of a unified, holistic view to defining the cause and managing the cognitive impairments. In this literature review, we discuss the mechanisms of neuronal over-inhibition, abnormal morphology, and other genetic factors in contributing to the development of ID in DS patients and to gain a holistic understanding of ID in DS patients. We also highlight potential therapeutic approaches to improve the quality of life of DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Abukhaled
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kenana Hatab
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Awadhalla
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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5
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Infantino I, Tocchioni F, Ghionzoli M, Coletta R, Morini F, Morabito A. Case Report: Gut and spleen anomalies associated with DYRK1A syndrome. Front Pediatr 2023; 10:936732. [PMID: 36741085 PMCID: PMC9890171 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.936732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
DYRK1A syndrome has been extensively studied primarily with regard to neurologic and other phenotypic features such as skeleton and craniofacial alterations. In the present paper, we aim to highlight unusual anomalies associated with a DYRK1A mutation: a 17-year-old female patient with language and cognitive delay, microcephaly, and an autistic disorder, who was operated upon for spleen torsion with anomalous gut fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Infantino
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F. Tocchioni
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCSS, Florence, Italy
| | - M. Ghionzoli
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCSS, Florence, Italy
| | - R. Coletta
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCSS, Florence, Italy
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - F. Morini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCSS, Florence, Italy
| | - A. Morabito
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCSS, Florence, Italy
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
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Durand B, Schaefer E, Burger P, Baer S, Schroder C, Mandel JL, Piton A, Coutelle R. Neurocognitive and neurobehavioural characterization of two frequent forms of neurodevelopmental disorders: the DYRK1A and the Wiedemann-Steiner syndromes. Clin Genet 2022; 102:296-304. [PMID: 35821609 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
DYRK1A and Wiedemann-Steiner syndromes (WSS) are two genetic conditions associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Although their clinical phenotype has been described, their behavioural phenotype has not systematically been studied using standardized assessment tools. To characterize the latter, we conducted a retrospective study, collecting data on developmental history, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), adaptive functioning, behavioural assessments, and sensory processing of individuals with these syndromes (n=14;21). In addition, we analysed information collected from families (n=20;20) using the GenIDA database, an international patient-driven data collection aiming to better characterize natural history of genetic forms of NDDs. In the retrospective study, individuals with DYRK1A syndrome showed lower adaptive behaviour scores compared to those with WSS, whose scores showed greater heterogeneity. An ASD diagnosis was established for 57% (8/14) of individuals with DYRK1A syndrome and 24% (5/21) of those with WSS. Language and communication were severely impaired in individuals with DYRK1A syndrome, which was also evident from GenIDA data, whereas in WSS patients, exploration of behavioural phenotypes revealed the importance of anxiety symptomatology and ADHD signs, also flagged in GenIDA. This study, describing the behavioural and sensorial profiles of individuals with WSS and DYRK1A syndrome, highlighted some specificities important to be considered for patients' management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Durand
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pauline Burger
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France
| | - Sarah Baer
- Service de Pédiatrie Spécialisée et Générale, Unité de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen Schroder
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mandel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,University of Strasbourg's Institute for Advanced Studies (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut Universitaire de, France
| | - Romain Coutelle
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM U-1114, Clinique Psychiatrique, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg, France
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7
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Disease Modeling of Rare Neurological Disorders in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073946. [PMID: 35409306 PMCID: PMC9000079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare diseases are those which affect a small number of people compared to the general population. However, many patients with a rare disease remain undiagnosed, and a large majority of rare diseases still have no form of viable treatment. Approximately 40% of rare diseases include neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders. In order to understand the characteristics of rare neurological disorders and identify causative genes, various model organisms have been utilized extensively. In this review, the characteristics of model organisms, such as roundworms, fruit flies, and zebrafish, are examined, with an emphasis on zebrafish disease modeling in rare neurological disorders.
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8
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Fenster R, Ziegler A, Kentros C, Geltzeiler A, Green Snyder L, Brooks E, Chung WK. Characterization of phenotypic range in DYRK1A haploinsufficiency syndrome using standardized behavioral measures. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1954-1963. [PMID: 35285131 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DYRK1A haploinsufficiency syndrome is a well-established neurodevelopmental disorder, but detailed information on the range of cognitive and behavioral issues associated with the condition is limited. We studied 24 participants with likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants in DYRK1A through the Simons Searchlight study and systematically assessed their medical history and development using standardized instruments: Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale II (VABS-II) and Child Behavior Checklists/1.5-5 and 6-18 (CBCL/1.5-5, CBCL/6-18). All of the individuals in the cohort had neurological manifestations including intellectual disability or developmental delay, microcephaly, autism spectrum disorder, and/or seizures. The severity of the neurodevelopmental disorder was variable with a few children scoring in the moderately low range on the adaptive behavior composite score on the VABS-II. This study confirms the association of DYRK1A haploinsufficiency with neurodevelopmental disabilities, microcephaly, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy and quantifies the range of adaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fenster
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Kentros
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexa Geltzeiler
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Frewer V, Gilchrist CP, Collins SE, Williams K, Seal ML, Leventer RJ, Amor DJ. A systematic review of brain MRI findings in monogenic disorders strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:1339-1352. [PMID: 34426966 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on monogenic forms of autism spectrum disorder (autism) can inform our understanding of genetic contributions to the autism phenotype; yet, there is much to be learned about the pathways from gene to brain structure to behavior. This systematic review summarizes and evaluates research on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in monogenic conditions that have strong association with autism. This will improve understanding of the impact of genetic variability on brain structure and related behavioral traits in autism. METHODS The search strategy for this systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Risk of bias (ROB) assessment was completed on included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scales. RESULTS Of 4,287 studies screened, 69 were included pertaining to 13 of the top 20 genes with the strongest association with autism. The greatest number of studies related to individuals with PTEN variants and autism. Brain MRI abnormalities were reported for 12 of the 13 genes studied, and in 51.7% of participants across all 13 genes, including 100% of participants with ARID1B variants. Specific MRI findings were highly variable, with no clear patterns emerging within or between the 13 genes, although white matter abnormalities were the most common. Few studies reported specific details about methods for acquisition and processing of brain MRI, and descriptors for brain abnormalities were variable. ROB assessment indicated high ROB for all studies, largely due to small sample sizes and lack of comparison groups. CONCLUSIONS Brain abnormalities are common in this population of individuals, in particular, children; however, a range of different brain abnormalities were reported within and between genes. Directions for future neuroimaging research in monogenic autism are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Frewer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Courtney P Gilchrist
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Neurodevelopment in Health and Disease, RMIT University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - Simonne E Collins
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Katrina Williams
- Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Marc L Seal
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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10
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Courraud J, Chater-Diehl E, Durand B, Vincent M, Del Mar Muniz Moreno M, Boujelbene I, Drouot N, Genschik L, Schaefer E, Nizon M, Gerard B, Abramowicz M, Cogné B, Bronicki L, Burglen L, Barth M, Charles P, Colin E, Coubes C, David A, Delobel B, Demurger F, Passemard S, Denommé AS, Faivre L, Feger C, Fradin M, Francannet C, Genevieve D, Goldenberg A, Guerrot AM, Isidor B, Johannesen KM, Keren B, Kibæk M, Kuentz P, Mathieu-Dramard M, Demeer B, Metreau J, Steensbjerre Møller R, Moutton S, Pasquier L, Pilekær Sørensen K, Perrin L, Renaud M, Saugier P, Rio M, Svane J, Thevenon J, Tran Mau Them F, Tronhjem CE, Vitobello A, Layet V, Auvin S, Khachnaoui K, Birling MC, Drunat S, Bayat A, Dubourg C, El Chehadeh S, Fagerberg C, Mignot C, Guipponi M, Bienvenu T, Herault Y, Thompson J, Willems M, Mandel JL, Weksberg R, Piton A. Integrative approach to interpret DYRK1A variants, leading to a frequent neurodevelopmental disorder. Genet Med 2021; 23:2150-2159. [PMID: 34345024 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE DYRK1A syndrome is among the most frequent monogenic forms of intellectual disability (ID). We refined the molecular and clinical description of this disorder and developed tools to improve interpretation of missense variants, which remains a major challenge in human genetics. METHODS We reported clinical and molecular data for 50 individuals with ID harboring DYRK1A variants and developed (1) a specific DYRK1A clinical score; (2) amino acid conservation data generated from 100 DYRK1A sequences across different taxa; (3) in vitro overexpression assays to study level, cellular localization, and kinase activity of DYRK1A mutant proteins; and (4) a specific blood DNA methylation signature. RESULTS This integrative approach was successful to reclassify several variants as pathogenic. However, we questioned the involvement of some others, such as p.Thr588Asn, still reported as likely pathogenic, and showed it does not cause an obvious phenotype in mice. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the need for caution when interpreting variants in DYRK1A, even those occurring de novo. The tools developed will be useful to interpret accurately the variants identified in the future in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Courraud
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eric Chater-Diehl
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Durand
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes & Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Maria Del Mar Muniz Moreno
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Imene Boujelbene
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Drouot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Loréline Genschik
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes & Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Bénédicte Gerard
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Abramowicz
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes & Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | | | - Lydie Burglen
- Centre de référence des malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet et Département de génétique et embryologie médicale, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Magalie Barth
- Pediatrics & Biochemistry and Genetics, Department, Angers Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Genetic Department, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Colin
- Pediatrics & Biochemistry and Genetics, Department, Angers Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Département de Génétique Médicale maladies rares et médecine personnalisée, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Albert David
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes & Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Delobel
- Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, GHICL, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | | | - Sandrine Passemard
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation en Diagnostique Génomique des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Feger
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Médicale, CHU, Rennes, France
| | - Christine Francannet
- Service de Génétique médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Genevieve
- Département de Génétique Médicale maladies rares et médecine personnalisée, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, F 76000, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Anne-Marie Guerrot
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, F 76000, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes & Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Boris Keren
- Genetic Department, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Maria Kibæk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense Denmark Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Michèle Mathieu-Dramard
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de référence maladies rares, CHU d'Amiens-site Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Bénédicte Demeer
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de référence maladies rares, CHU d'Amiens-site Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Julia Metreau
- APHP, Service de neurologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Rikke Steensbjerre Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Treatment, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Médicale, CHU, Rennes, France
| | - Kristina Pilekær Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense Denmark Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Laurence Perrin
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Renaud
- Service de Génétique Clinique et de Neurologie, Hôpital Brabois Enfants, Nancy, France
| | - Pascale Saugier
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, F 76000, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Department of medical genetics and reference centre for rare intellectual disabilities, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joane Svane
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense Denmark Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau Them
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation en Diagnostique Génomique des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Biologie, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | | | - Antonio Vitobello
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants and INSERM UMR1231 GAD, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Layet
- Consultations de génétique, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, Le Havre, France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- Center for rare epilepsies & epilepsy unit Robert-Debré Hospital, APHP, & INSERM NeuroDiderot, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Khaoula Khachnaoui
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, IRCAN, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Séverine Drunat
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense Denmark Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Pontchaillou, UMR 6290 CNRS, IGDR, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christina Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense Denmark Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Pediatrics & Biochemistry and Genetics, Department, Angers Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, APHP.Centre-Université de Paris, and INSERM UMR 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yann Herault
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Julie Thompson
- Complex Systems and Translational Bioinformatics (CSTB), ICube laboratory-CNRS, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Département de Génétique Médicale maladies rares et médecine personnalisée, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mandel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Graduate Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, Illkirch, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, IGMA, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
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11
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Brault V, Nguyen TL, Flores-Gutiérrez J, Iacono G, Birling MC, Lalanne V, Meziane H, Manousopoulou A, Pavlovic G, Lindner L, Selloum M, Sorg T, Yu E, Garbis SD, Hérault Y. Dyrk1a gene dosage in glutamatergic neurons has key effects in cognitive deficits observed in mouse models of MRD7 and Down syndrome. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009777. [PMID: 34587162 PMCID: PMC8480849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance leads to neurodevelopmental diseases including to autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Loss-of-function mutations in the DYRK1A gene, located on human chromosome 21 (Hsa21,) lead to an intellectual disability syndrome associated with microcephaly, epilepsy, and autistic troubles. Overexpression of DYRK1A, on the other hand, has been linked with learning and memory defects observed in people with Down syndrome (DS). Dyrk1a is expressed in both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, but its impact on each neuronal population has not yet been elucidated. Here we investigated the impact of Dyrk1a gene copy number variation in glutamatergic neurons using a conditional knockout allele of Dyrk1a crossed with the Tg(Camk2-Cre)4Gsc transgenic mouse. We explored this genetic modification in homozygotes, heterozygotes and combined with the Dp(16Lipi-Zbtb21)1Yey trisomic mouse model to unravel the consequence of Dyrk1a dosage from 0 to 3, to understand its role in normal physiology, and in MRD7 and DS. Overall, Dyrk1a dosage in postnatal glutamatergic neurons did not impact locomotor activity, working memory or epileptic susceptibility, but revealed that Dyrk1a is involved in long-term explicit memory. Molecular analyses pointed at a deregulation of transcriptional activity through immediate early genes and a role of DYRK1A at the glutamatergic post-synapse by deregulating and interacting with key post-synaptic proteins implicated in mechanism leading to long-term enhanced synaptic plasticity. Altogether, our work gives important information to understand the action of DYRK1A inhibitors and have a better therapeutic approach. The Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A, DYRK1A, drives cognitive alterations with increased dose in Down syndrome (DS) or with reduced dose in DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndromes (ORPHA:268261; ORPHA:464311) also known as mental retardation, autosomal dominant disease 7 (MRD7; OMIM #614104). Here we report that specific and complete loss of Dyrk1a in glutamatergic neurons induced a range of specific cognitive phenotypes and alter the expression of genes involved in neurotransmission in the hippocampus. We further explored the consequences of Dyrk1a dosage in glutamatergic neurons on the cognitive phenotypes observed respectively in MRD7 and DS mouse models and we found specific roles in long-term explicit memory with no impact on motor activity, short-term working memory, and susceptibility to epilepsy. Then we demonstrated that DYRK1A is a component of the glutamatergic post-synapse and interacts with several component such as NR2B and PSD95. Altogether our work describes a new role of DYRK1A at the glutamatergic synapse that must be considered to understand the consequence of treatment targeting DYRK1A in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Brault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Thu Lan Nguyen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Javier Flores-Gutiérrez
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Giovanni Iacono
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-Christine Birling
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Valérie Lalanne
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Hamid Meziane
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Antigoni Manousopoulou
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, School of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Pavlovic
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Loïc Lindner
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
| | - Mohammed Selloum
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Tania Sorg
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Eugene Yu
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Genetics and Genomics Program and Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Spiros D. Garbis
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, School of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yann Hérault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Illkirch, France
- * E-mail:
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12
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Méjécase C, Way CM, Owen N, Moosajee M. Ocular Phenotype Associated with DYRK1A Variants. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:234. [PMID: 33562844 PMCID: PMC7915179 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A or DYRK1A, contributes to central nervous system development in a dose-sensitive manner. Triallelic DYRK1A is implicated in the neuropathology of Down syndrome, whereas haploinsufficiency causes the rare DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome (also known as mental retardation 7). It is characterised by intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and microcephaly with a typical facial gestalt. Preclinical studies elucidate a role for DYRK1A in eye development and case studies have reported associated ocular pathology. In this study families of the DYRK1A Syndrome International Association were asked to self-report any co-existing ocular abnormalities. Twenty-six patients responded but only 14 had molecular confirmation of a DYRK1A pathogenic variant. A further nineteen patients from the UK Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project were identified and combined with 112 patients reported in the literature for further analysis. Ninety out of 145 patients (62.1%) with heterozygous DYRK1A variants revealed ocular features, these ranged from optic nerve hypoplasia (13%, 12/90), refractive error (35.6%, 32/90) and strabismus (21.1%, 19/90). Patients with DYRK1A variants should be referred to ophthalmology as part of their management care pathway to prevent amblyopia in children and reduce visual comorbidity, which may further impact on learning, behaviour, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Méjécase
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V E9L, UK; (C.M.); (C.M.W.); (N.O.)
| | - Christopher M. Way
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V E9L, UK; (C.M.); (C.M.W.); (N.O.)
| | - Nicholas Owen
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V E9L, UK; (C.M.); (C.M.W.); (N.O.)
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V E9L, UK; (C.M.); (C.M.W.); (N.O.)
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
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13
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Ernst J, Alabek ML, Eldib A, Madan-Khetarpal S, Sebastian J, Bhatia A, Liasis A, Nischal KK. Ocular findings of albinism in DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:650-655. [PMID: 32838606 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1814349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants in DYRK1A are associated with DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome (DIDS). Common features of this diagnosis include microcephaly, intellectual disability, speech impairment, and distinct facial features. Reported ocular features include deep-set eyes, myopia, and strabismus. We present a case of DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome with ocular findings of albinism and explore the possible pathogenesis of this previously unreported manifestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a single, retrospective case report of a child with DIDS who underwent an ophthalmic exam including detailed visual electrophysiology. Results: A 21-month-old female with microcephaly, failure to thrive, language delay, cleft palate, and cardiac defects had an ophthalmic exam showing myopia, strabismus, a hypopigmented fundus and crossed asymmetry on visual evoked potential (VEP), consistent with ocular findings of albinism. Whole exome sequencing identified a pathogenic DYRK1A variant; no albinism gene variants were reported. Her constellation of features is consistent with a diagnosis of DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome; however, ocular features of albinism have not previously been reported in this condition. CONCLUSIONS This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of ocular findings of albinism in a case of DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome. We propose that ocular albinism is a novel ocular phenotype of DYRK1A-related disease. Ophthalmic exams in patients with this diagnosis should include thorough evaluation for ocular albinism, including VEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ernst
- UPMC Eye Center , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michelle L Alabek
- UPMC Eye Center , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amgad Eldib
- UPMC Eye Center , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Sebastian
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aashim Bhatia
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Radiology Department at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alkiviades Liasis
- UPMC Eye Center , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ken K Nischal
- UPMC Eye Center , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ophthalmology Departement, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Qiao F, Shao B, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhou R, Liu G, Meng L, Hu P, Xu Z. A De Novo Mutation in DYRK1A Causes Syndromic Intellectual Disability: A Chinese Case Report. Front Genet 2019; 10:1194. [PMID: 31803247 PMCID: PMC6877748 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant mental retardation-7 (MRD7) is a rare anomaly, characterized by severe intellectual disability, feeding difficulties, behavior abnormalities, and distinctive facial features, including microcephaly, deep-set eyes, large simple ears, and a pointed or bulbous nasal tip. Some studies show that the disorder has a close correlation with variants in DYRK1A. Herein we described a Chinese girl presenting typical clinical features diagnosed at 4 years old. Whole-exome sequencing of the familial genomic DNA identified a novel mutation c.930C > A (p.Tyr310*) in exon 7 of DYRK1A in the proband. The nonsense mutation was predicted to render the truncation of the protein. Our results suggested that the de novo heterozygous mutation in DYRK1A was responsible for the MRD7 in this Chinese family, which both extended the knowledge of mutation spectrum in MRD7 patients and highlighted the clinical application of exome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchang Qiao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Binbin Shao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Meng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengfeng Xu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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15
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Arranz J, Balducci E, Arató K, Sánchez-Elexpuru G, Najas S, Parras A, Rebollo E, Pijuan I, Erb I, Verde G, Sahun I, Barallobre MJ, Lucas JJ, Sánchez MP, de la Luna S, Arbonés ML. Impaired development of neocortical circuits contributes to the neurological alterations in DYRK1A haploinsufficiency syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 127:210-222. [PMID: 30831192 PMCID: PMC6753933 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders are early onset neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted repetitive behaviors, yet they are quite heterogeneous in terms of their genetic basis and phenotypic manifestations. Recently, de novo pathogenic mutations in DYRK1A, a chromosome 21 gene associated to neuropathological traits of Down syndrome, have been identified in patients presenting a recognizable syndrome included in the autism spectrum. These mutations produce DYRK1A kinases with partial or complete absence of the catalytic domain, or they represent missense mutations located within this domain. Here, we undertook an extensive biochemical characterization of the DYRK1A missense mutations reported to date and show that most of them, but not all, result in enzymatically dead DYRK1A proteins. We also show that haploinsufficient Dyrk1a+/- mutant mice mirror the neurological traits associated with the human pathology, such as defective social interactions, stereotypic behaviors and epileptic activity. These mutant mice present altered proportions of excitatory and inhibitory neocortical neurons and synapses. Moreover, we provide evidence that alterations in the production of cortical excitatory neurons are contributing to these defects. Indeed, by the end of the neurogenic period, the expression of developmental regulated genes involved in neuron differentiation and/or activity is altered. Therefore, our data indicate that altered neocortical neurogenesis could critically affect the formation of cortical circuits, thereby contributing to the neuropathological changes in DYRK1A haploinsufficiency syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Arranz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Balducci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Krisztina Arató
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gentzane Sánchez-Elexpuru
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Neurology, IIS-Jiménez Díaz Foundation, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sònia Najas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Parras
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC/UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Pijuan
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ionas Erb
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gaetano Verde
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sahun
- PCB-PRBB Animal Facility Alliance, 08020 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Barallobre
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J Lucas
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC/UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina P Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Neurology, IIS-Jiménez Díaz Foundation, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria L Arbonés
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB), CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Arbones ML, Thomazeau A, Nakano-Kobayashi A, Hagiwara M, Delabar JM. DYRK1A and cognition: A lifelong relationship. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 194:199-221. [PMID: 30268771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The dosage of the serine threonine kinase DYRK1A is critical in the central nervous system (CNS) during development and aging. This review analyzes the functions of this kinase by considering its interacting partners and pathways. The role of DYRK1A in controlling the differentiation of prenatal newly formed neurons is presented separately from its role at the pre- and post-synaptic levels in the adult CNS; its effects on synaptic plasticity are also discussed. Because this kinase is positioned at the crossroads of many important processes, genetic dosage errors in this protein produce devastating effects arising from DYRK1A deficiency, such as in MRD7, an autism spectrum disorder, or from DYRK1A excess, such as in Down syndrome. Effects of these errors have been shown in various animal models including Drosophila, zebrafish, and mice. Dysregulation of DYRK1A levels also occurs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Finally, this review describes inhibitors that have been assessed in vivo. Accurate targeting of DYRK1A levels in the brain, with either inhibitors or activators, is a future research challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Arbones
- Department of Developmental Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, CSIC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aurore Thomazeau
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Akiko Nakano-Kobayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jean M Delabar
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
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17
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Dowjat K, Adayev T, Wojda U, Brzozowska K, Barczak A, Gabryelewicz T, Hwang YW. Abnormalities of DYRK1A-Cytoskeleton Complexes in the Blood Cells as Potential Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 72:1059-1075. [PMID: 31683476 PMCID: PMC6971831 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1A is implicated in mental retardation and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia of Down syndrome (DS) individuals. The protein is associated with cytoskeleton and altered expression has been shown to impair the cytoskeletal network via dosage effect. OBJECTIVE Our original observations of marked reduction of cytoskeletal proteins associated with DYRK1A in brains and lymphoblastoid cell lines from DS and AD prompted an investigation whether cytoskeleton abnormalities could potentially be used as biomarkers of AD. METHODS Our assay relied on quantification of co-immunoprecipitated cytoskeletal proteins with DYRK1A (co-IP assay) and analysis of the profile of G- and F-actin fractions obtained by high-speed centrifugations (spin-down assay). RESULTS In co-IP assay, both DS and AD samples displayed reduced abundance of associated cytoskeletal proteins. In spin-down assay, G-actin fractions of controls displayed two closely spaced bands of actin in SDS-PAGE; while in AD and DS, only the upper band of the doublet was present. In both assays, alterations of actin cytoskeleton were present in DS, sporadic and familial AD cases, and in asymptomatic persons who later progressed to confirmed AD, but not in non-AD donors. In blind testing involving six AD and six controls, the above tests positively identified ten cases. Analysis of blood samples revealed the diversity of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) cases regarding the presence of the AD biomarker allowing distinction between likely prodromal AD and non-AD MCI cases. CONCLUSIONS Both brain tissue and lymphocytes from DS and AD displayed similar semi-quantitative and qualitative alterations of actin cytoskeleton. Their specificity for AD-type dementia and the presence before clinical onset of the disease make them suitable biomarker candidates for early and definite diagnosis of AD. The presence of alterations in peripheral tissue points to systemic underlying mechanisms and suggests that early dysfunction of cytoskeleton may be a predisposing factor in the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Dowjat
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tatyana Adayev
- Department of Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, NY, USA
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Barczak
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gabryelewicz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yu-Wen Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, NY, USA
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18
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DYRK1A Protein, A Promising Therapeutic Target to Improve Cognitive Deficits in Down Syndrome. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8100187. [PMID: 30332747 PMCID: PMC6210095 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21 (HSA21), is the most common genetic developmental disorder, with an incidence of 1 in 800 live births. Its phenotypic characteristics include intellectual impairment, early onset of Alzheimer’s disease, congenital heart disease, hypotonia, muscle weakness and several other developmental abnormalities, for the majority of which the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unknown. Among the numerous protein coding genes of HSA21, dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) encodes a proline-directed serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase that plays pleiotropic roles in neurodevelopment in both physiological and pathological conditions. Numerous studies point to a crucial role of DYRK1A protein for brain defects in patients with DS. Thus, DYRK1A inhibition has shown benefits in several mouse models of DS, including improvement of cognitive behaviour. Lastly, a recent clinical trial has shown that epigallocatechine gallate (EGCG), a DYRK1A inhibitor, given to young patients with DS improved visual recognition memory, working memory performance and adaptive behaviour.
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19
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Widowati EW, Ernst S, Hausmann R, Müller-Newen G, Becker W. Functional characterization of DYRK1A missense variants associated with a syndromic form of intellectual deficiency and autism. Biol Open 2018; 7:7/4/bio032862. [PMID: 29700199 PMCID: PMC5936063 DOI: 10.1242/bio.032862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of DYRK1A is a cause of a neurodevelopmental syndrome termed mental retardation autosomal dominant 7 (MRD7). Several truncation mutations, microdeletions and missense variants have been identified and result in a recognizable phenotypic profile, including microcephaly, intellectual disability, epileptic seizures, autism spectrum disorder and language delay. DYRK1A is an evolutionary conserved protein kinase which achieves full catalytic activity through tyrosine autophosphorylation. We used a heterologous mammalian expression system to explore the functional characteristics of pathogenic missense variants that affect the catalytic domain of DYRK1A. Four of the substitutions eliminated tyrosine autophosphorylation (L245R, F308V, S311F, S346P), indicating that these variants lacked kinase activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation of DYRK1A-L295F in mammalian cells was comparable to wild type, although the mutant showed lower catalytic activity and reduced thermodynamic stability in cellular thermal shift assays. In addition, we observed that one variant (DYRK1A-T588N) with a mutation outside the catalytic domain did not differ from wild-type DYRK1A in tyrosine autophosphorylation, catalytic activity or subcellular localization. These results suggest that the pathogenic missense variants in the catalytic domain of DYRK1A impair enzymatic function by affecting catalytic residues or by compromising the structural integrity of the kinase domain. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: We have analyzed the functional consequences of amino acid substitutions in the protein kinase DYRK1A that have been identified as pathogenic in patients with microcephaly, intellectual disability and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esti Wahyu Widowati
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sabrina Ernst
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Hausmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Müller-Newen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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20
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Dang T, Duan WY, Yu B, Tong DL, Cheng C, Zhang YF, Wu W, Ye K, Zhang WX, Wu M, Wu BB, An Y, Qiu ZL, Wu BL. Autism-associated Dyrk1a truncation mutants impair neuronal dendritic and spine growth and interfere with postnatal cortical development. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:747-758. [PMID: 28167836 PMCID: PMC5822466 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a prevailing neurodevelopmental disorder with a large genetic/genomic component. Recently, the dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A) gene was implicated as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We identified five DYRK1A variants in ASD patients and found that the dose of DYRK1A protein has a crucial role in various aspects of postnatal neural development. Dyrk1a loss of function and gain of function led to defects in dendritic growth, dendritic spine development and radial migration during cortical development. Importantly, two autism-associated truncations, R205X and E239X, were shown to be Dyrk1a loss-of-function mutants. Studies of the truncated Dyrk1a mutants may provide new insights into the role of Dyrk1a in brain development, as well as the role of Dyrk1a loss of function in the pathophysiology of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dang
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Y Duan
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - B Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D L Tong
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - C Cheng
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Y F Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - W Wu
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - K Ye
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W X Zhang
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - M Wu
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - B B Wu
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y An
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Exome Sequencing Collaboration at Boston Children’s Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z L Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - B L Wu
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Earl RK, Turner TN, Mefford HC, Hudac CM, Gerdts J, Eichler EE, Bernier RA. Clinical phenotype of ASD-associated DYRK1A haploinsufficiency. Mol Autism 2017; 8:54. [PMID: 29034068 PMCID: PMC5629761 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1A is a gene recurrently disrupted in 0.1-0.5% of the ASD population. A growing number of case reports with DYRK1A haploinsufficiency exhibit common phenotypic features including microcephaly, intellectual disability, speech delay, and facial dysmorphisms. METHODS Phenotypic information from previously published DYRK1A cases (n = 51) and participants in an ongoing study at the University of Washington (UW, n = 10) were compiled. Frequencies of recurrent phenotypic features in this population were compared to features observed in a large sample with idiopathic ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection (n = 1981). UW DYRK1A cases were further characterized quantitatively and compared to a randomly subsampled set of idiopathic ASD cases matched on age and gender (n = 10) and to cases with an ASD-associated disruptive mutation to CHD8 (n = 12). Contribution of familial genetic background to clinical heterogeneity was assessed by comparing head circumference, IQ, and ASD-related symptoms of UW DYRK1A cases to their unaffected parents. RESULTS DYRK1A haploinsufficiency results in a common phenotypic profile including intellectual disability, speech and motor difficulties, microcephaly, feeding difficulties, and vision abnormalities. Eighty-nine percent of DYRK1A cases ascertained for ASD presented with a constellation of five or more of these symptoms. When compared quantitatively, DYRK1A cases presented with significantly lower IQ and adaptive functioning compared to idiopathic cases and significantly smaller head size compared to both idiopathic and CHD8 cases. Phenotypic variability in parental head circumference, IQ, and ASD-related symptoms corresponded to observed variability in affected child phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Results confirm a core clinical phenotype for DYRK1A disruptions, with a combination of features that is distinct from idiopathic ASD. Cases with DYRK1A mutations are also distinguishable from disruptive mutations to CHD8 by head size. Measurable, quantitative characterization of DYRK1A haploinsufficiency illuminates clinical variability, which may be, in part, due to familial genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K. Earl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Tychele N. Turner
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | - Caitlin M. Hudac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Jennifer Gerdts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Raphael A. Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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22
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Chérot E, Keren B, Dubourg C, Carré W, Fradin M, Lavillaureix A, Afenjar A, Burglen L, Whalen S, Charles P, Marey I, Heide S, Jacquette A, Heron D, Doummar D, Rodriguez D, Billette de Villemeur T, Moutard ML, Guët A, Xavier J, Périsse D, Cohen D, Demurger F, Quélin C, Depienne C, Odent S, Nava C, David V, Pasquier L, Mignot C. Using medical exome sequencing to identify the causes of neurodevelopmental disorders: Experience of 2 clinical units and 216 patients. Clin Genet 2017; 93:567-576. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Chérot
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
- Laboratoire de Génétique moléculaire et Génomique; CHU Pontchaillou; Rennes France
| | - B. Keren
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "ConCer-LD"; UPMC; Paris France
| | - C. Dubourg
- Laboratoire de Génétique moléculaire et Génomique; CHU Pontchaillou; Rennes France
- CNRS UMR 6290 (IGDR); Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - W. Carré
- Laboratoire de Génétique moléculaire et Génomique; CHU Pontchaillou; Rennes France
| | - M. Fradin
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
| | - A. Lavillaureix
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - A. Afenjar
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- APHP, GHUEP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Centre de Référence 'Malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet'; Paris France
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GHUEP; Hôpital Armand-Trousseau; Paris France
| | - L. Burglen
- APHP, GHUEP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Centre de Référence 'Malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet'; Paris France
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GHUEP; Hôpital Armand-Trousseau; Paris France
| | - S. Whalen
- APHP, GHUEP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Centre de Référence 'Malformations et maladies congénitales du cervelet'; Paris France
- Département de Génétique, APHP, GHUEP; Hôpital Armand-Trousseau; Paris France
| | - P. Charles
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - I. Marey
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - S. Heide
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - A. Jacquette
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - D. Heron
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
| | - D. Doummar
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "ConCer-LD"; UPMC; Paris France
- AP-HP, Service de Neuropédiatrie; Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Paris France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Centre de Référence Neurogénétique de l'Enfant à l'adulte; Paris France
| | - D. Rodriguez
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "ConCer-LD"; UPMC; Paris France
- AP-HP, Service de Neuropédiatrie; Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Paris France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Centre de Référence Neurogénétique de l'Enfant à l'adulte; Paris France
| | - T. Billette de Villemeur
- AP-HP, Service de Neuropédiatrie; Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Paris France
- AP-HP, Service de Pédiatrie; Hôpital Louis Mourier; Colombes France
| | - M.-L. Moutard
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "ConCer-LD"; UPMC; Paris France
- AP-HP, Service de Neuropédiatrie; Hôpital Armand Trousseau; Paris France
| | - A. Guët
- AP-HP, Service de Pédiatrie; Hôpital Louis Mourier; Colombes France
| | - J. Xavier
- AP-HP, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière et University Pierre and Marie Curie; Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS UMR 7222; Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques; Paris France
| | - D. Périsse
- AP-HP, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière et University Pierre and Marie Curie; Paris France
| | - D. Cohen
- AP-HP, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière et University Pierre and Marie Curie; Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS UMR 7222; Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques; Paris France
| | - F. Demurger
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
| | - C. Quélin
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
| | - C. Depienne
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM; Paris France
| | - S. Odent
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
- CNRS UMR 6290 (IGDR); Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - C. Nava
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM; Paris France
| | - V. David
- Laboratoire de Génétique moléculaire et Génomique; CHU Pontchaillou; Rennes France
- CNRS UMR 6290 (IGDR); Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - L. Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Médicale; CLAD Ouest CHU Hôpital Sud; Rennes France
- INSERM CIC pédiatrique 1414; CHU Pontchaillou; Rennes France
| | - C. Mignot
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP; Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "déficience intellectuelle et autisme"; UPMC; Paris France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique (GRC) "ConCer-LD"; UPMC; Paris France
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23
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Kim OH, Cho HJ, Han E, Hong TI, Ariyasiri K, Choi JH, Hwang KS, Jeong YM, Yang SY, Yu K, Park DS, Oh HW, Davis EE, Schwartz CE, Lee JS, Kim HG, Kim CH. Zebrafish knockout of Down syndrome gene, DYRK1A, shows social impairments relevant to autism. Mol Autism 2017; 8:50. [PMID: 29021890 PMCID: PMC5622473 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1A maps to the Down syndrome critical region at 21q22. Mutations in this kinase-encoding gene have been reported to cause microcephaly associated with either intellectual disability or autism in humans. Intellectual disability accompanied by microcephaly was recapitulated in a murine model by overexpressing Dyrk1a which mimicked Down syndrome phenotypes. However, given embryonic lethality in homozygous knockout (KO) mice, no murine model studies could present sufficient evidence to link Dyrk1a dysfunction with autism. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying microcephaly and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we established an in vivo dyrk1aa KO model using zebrafish. METHODS We identified a patient with a mutation in the DYRK1A gene using microarray analysis. Circumventing the barrier of murine model studies, we generated a dyrk1aa KO zebrafish using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated genome editing. For social behavioral tests, we have established a social interaction test, shoaling assay, and group behavior assay. For molecular analysis, we examined the neuronal activity in specific brain regions of dyrk1aa KO zebrafish through in situ hybridization with various probes including c-fos and crh which are the molecular markers for stress response. RESULTS Microarray detected an intragenic microdeletion of DYRK1A in an individual with microcephaly and autism. From behavioral tests of social interaction and group behavior, dyrk1aa KO zebrafish exhibited social impairments that reproduce human phenotypes of autism in a vertebrate animal model. Social impairment in dyrk1aa KO zebrafish was further confirmed by molecular analysis of c-fos and crh expression. Transcriptional expression of c-fos and crh was lower than that of wild type fish in specific hypothalamic regions, suggesting that KO fish brains are less activated by social context. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we established a zebrafish model to validate a candidate gene for autism in a vertebrate animal. These results illustrate the functional deficiency of DYRK1A as an underlying disease mechanism for autism. We also propose simple social behavioral assays as a tool for the broader study of autism candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oc-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
| | - Enna Han
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Ted Inpyo Hong
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Krishan Ariyasiri
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Seok Hwang
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Mi Jeong
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeol Yang
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
| | - Kweon Yu
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
| | - Doo-Sang Park
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Oh
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Erica E. Davis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | | | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113 South Korea
- Dementia DTC R&D Convergence Program, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792 South Korea
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Department of OB/GYN, Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
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24
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Evers JM, Laskowski RA, Bertolli M, Clayton-Smith J, Deshpande C, Eason J, Elmslie F, Flinter F, Gardiner C, Hurst JA, Kingston H, Kini U, Lampe AK, Lim D, Male A, Naik S, Parker MJ, Price S, Robert L, Sarkar A, Straub V, Woods G, Thornton JM, Wright CF. Structural analysis of pathogenic mutations in the DYRK1A gene in patients with developmental disorders. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:519-526. [PMID: 28053047 PMCID: PMC5409128 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency in DYRK1A is associated with a recognizable developmental syndrome, though the mechanism of action of pathogenic missense mutations is currently unclear. Here we present 19 de novo mutations in this gene, including five missense mutations, identified by the Deciphering Developmental Disorder study. Protein structural analysis reveals that the missense mutations are either close to the ATP or peptide binding-sites within the kinase domain, or are important for protein stability, suggesting they lead to a loss of the protein's function mechanism. Furthermore, there is some correlation between the magnitude of the change and the severity of the resultant phenotype. A comparison of the distribution of the pathogenic mutations along the length of DYRK1A with that of natural variants, as found in the ExAC database, confirms that mutations in the N-terminal end of the kinase domain are more disruptive of protein function. In particular, pathogenic mutations occur in significantly closer proximity to the ATP and the substrate peptide than the natural variants. Overall, we suggest that de novo dominant mutations in DYRK1A account for nearly 0.5% of severe developmental disorders due to substantially reduced kinase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochem M.G. Evers
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roman A. Laskowski
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marta Bertolli
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Human Genetics, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Marys Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, USA
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline Eason
- Nottingham Regional Genetics Service, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, The Gables, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Centre, St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | - Frances Flinter
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
| | - Carol Gardiner
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Institute Of Medical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jane A. Hurst
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
| | - Helen Kingston
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Marys Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, USA
| | - Usha Kini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Old Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne K. Lampe
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Derek Lim
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alison Male
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
| | - Swati Naik
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael J. Parker
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sue Price
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill Old Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Leema Robert
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
| | - Ajoy Sarkar
- Nottingham Regional Genetics Service, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, The Gables, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Human Genetics, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Geoff Woods
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Box 134, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK and
| | - Janet M. Thornton
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - the DDD Study
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline F. Wright
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Duchon A, Herault Y. DYRK1A, a Dosage-Sensitive Gene Involved in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Is a Target for Drug Development in Down Syndrome. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:104. [PMID: 27375444 PMCID: PMC4891327 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is one of the leading causes of intellectual disability, and patients with DS face various health issues, including learning and memory deficits, congenital heart disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD), leukemia, and cancer, leading to huge medical and social costs. Remarkable advances on DS research have been made in improving cognitive function in mouse models for future therapeutic approaches in patients. Among the different approaches, DYRK1A inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutics to reduce DS cognitive deficits. DYRK1A is a dual-specificity kinase that is overexpressed in DS and plays a key role in neurogenesis, outgrowth of axons and dendrites, neuronal trafficking and aging. Its pivotal role in the DS phenotype makes it a prime target for the development of therapeutics. Recently, disruption of DYRK1A has been found in Autosomal Dominant Mental Retardation 7 (MRD7), resulting in severe mental deficiency. Recent advances in the development of kinase inhibitors are expected, in the near future, to remove DS from the list of incurable diseases, providing certain conditions such as drug dosage and correct timing for the optimum long-term treatment. In addition the exact molecular and cellular mechanisms that are targeted by the inhibition of DYRK1A are still to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Duchon
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et CellulaireIllkirch, France; UMR7104, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueIllkirch, France; U964, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleIllkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France
| | - Yann Herault
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et CellulaireIllkirch, France; UMR7104, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueIllkirch, France; U964, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleIllkirch, France; Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France; PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris, Groupement d'Intérêt Économique-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS, INSERMIllkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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26
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Luco SM, Pohl D, Sell E, Wagner JD, Dyment DA, Daoud H. Case report of novel DYRK1A mutations in 2 individuals with syndromic intellectual disability and a review of the literature. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2016; 17:15. [PMID: 26922654 PMCID: PMC4769499 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal deletions encompassing DYRK1A have been associated with intellectual disability for several years. More recently, point mutations in DYRK1A have been shown to be responsible for a recognizable syndrome characterized by microcephaly, developmental delay and intellectual disability (ID) as well as characteristic facial features. Here we present 2 individuals with novel mutations in DYRK1A, and a review of the cases reported to date. CASE PRESENTATION Both individuals presented with the well-known characteristic features, as well as rarer anomalies seen in a minority of patients. Patient 1 presented shortly after birth with an enlarged cisterna magna, distal contractures, and distinctive facies that included bitemporal narrowing and deep set eyes. A de novo splice site mutation in DYRK1A [c.951 + 4_951 + 7delAGTA; p.Val222Aspfs*22] was identified by next generation sequencing. Patient 2 presented at 7 months of age with microcephaly and dysmorphic features. She went several years without a diagnosis until a de novo DYRK1A nonsense mutation [c.787C>T; p.(Arg263*)] was identified at age 12. These individuals, and the 52 cases reviewed from the literature, show the characteristic features of the DYRK1A-related syndrome including global developmental delay, ID, microcephaly, feeding difficulties, and the facial gestalt. Other common findings include seizures, vision defects, brain abnormalities and skeletal abnormalities of the hands and feet. Less common features include optic nerve defects, contractures, ataxia, and cardiac anomalies. CONCLUSION DYRK1A testing should be considered in individuals with the facial features, intellectual disability and post-natal microcephaly. Once diagnosed with DYRK1A-related intellectual disability, a cardiac and ophthalmologic assessment would be recommended as would routine surveillance by a pediatrician for psychomotor development, growth, and feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Luco
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Daniela Pohl
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, ON, Canada.
| | - Erick Sell
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, ON, Canada.
| | - Justin D Wagner
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, ON, Canada.
| | - David A Dyment
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, ON, Canada.
| | - Hussein Daoud
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
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