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Sakali AK, Bargiota A, Bjekic-Macut J, Macut D, Mastorakos G, Papagianni M. Environmental factors affecting female fertility. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03940-y. [PMID: 38954374 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the recent years, scientific community has increased its interest on solving problems of female fertility pathology. Many factors acting separately or in combination affect significantly the reproductive life of a woman. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the direct and/or indirect action of environmental factors and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs; i.e. heavy metals, plasticizers, parabens, industrial chemicals, pesticides, or medications, by-products, anti-bacterial agents, perfluorochemicals) upon assisted and non-assisted female fertility, extracted from in vivo and in vitro animal and human published data. Transgenerational effects which could have been caused epigenetically by the action of EDCs have been raised. METHODS This narrative review englobes and describes data from in vitro and in vivo animal and human studies with regard to the action of environmental factors, which include EDCs, on female fertility following the questions for narrative reviews of the SANRA (a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles). The identification of the studies was done: through the PubMed Central and the PubMed of the MEDLINE, the Google Scholar database and the Cochrane Library database until December 2023 combining appropriate keywords ("specific environmental factors" including "EDCs" AND "specific negative fertility outcomes"); by manual scanning of references from selected articles and reviews focusing on these subjects. It includes references to EDCs-induced transgenerational effects. RESULTS From the reported evidence emerge negative or positive associations between specific environmental factors or EDCs and infertility outcomes such as infertility indices, disrupted maturation of the oocytes, anovulation, deranged transportation of the embryo and failure of implantation. CONCLUSION The revealed adverse outcomes related to female fertility could be attributed to exposure to specific environmental factors such as temperature, climate, radiation, air pollutants, nutrition, toxic substances and EDCs. The recognition of fertility hazards related to the environment will permit the limitation of exposure to them, will improve female fertility and protect the health potential of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Konstantina Sakali
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Alexandra Bargiota
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Larissa University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Jelica Bjekic-Macut
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Bežanijska kosa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuro Macut
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papagianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
- Endocrine Unit, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Bui BN, Kukushkina V, Meltsov A, Olsen C, van Hoogenhuijze N, Altmäe S, Mol F, Teklenburg G, de Bruin J, Besselink D, Stevens Brentjens L, Obukhova D, Zamani Esteki M, van Golde R, Romano A, Laisk T, Steba G, Mackens S, Salumets A, Broekmans F. The endometrial transcriptome of infertile women with and without implantation failure. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:1348-1365. [PMID: 38520066 PMCID: PMC11168281 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Implantation failure after transferring morphologically "good-quality" embryos in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) may be explained by impaired endometrial receptivity. Analyzing the endometrial transcriptome analysis may reveal the underlying processes and could help in guiding prognosis and using targeted interventions for infertility. This exploratory study investigated whether the endometrial transcriptome profile was associated with short-term or long-term implantation outcomes (ie success or failure). MATERIAL AND METHODS Mid-luteal phase endometrial biopsies of 107 infertile women with one full failed IVF/ICSI cycle, obtained within an endometrial scratching trial, were subjected to RNA-sequencing and differentially expressed genes analysis with covariate adjustment (age, body mass index, luteinizing hormone [LH]-day). Endometrial transcriptomes were compared between implantation failure and success groups in the short term (after the second fresh IVF/ICSI cycle) and long term (including all fresh and frozen cycles within 12 months). The short-term analysis included 85/107 women (33 ongoing pregnancy vs 52 no pregnancy), excluding 22/107 women. The long-term analysis included 46/107 women (23 'fertile' group, ie infertile women with a live birth after ≤3 embryos transferred vs 23 recurrent implantation failure group, ie no live birth after ≥3 good quality embryos transferred), excluding 61/107 women not fitting these categories. As both analyses drew from the same pool of 107 samples, there was some sample overlap. Additionally, cell type enrichment scores and endometrial receptivity were analyzed, and an endometrial development pseudo-timeline was constructed to estimate transcriptomic deviations from the optimum receptivity day (LH + 7), denoted as ΔWOI (window of implantation). RESULTS There were no significantly differentially expressed genes between implantation failure and success groups in either the short-term or long-term analyses. Principal component analysis initially showed two clusters in the long-term analysis, unrelated to clinical phenotype and no longer distinct following covariate adjustment. Cell type enrichment scores did not differ significantly between groups in both analyses. However, endometrial receptivity analysis demonstrated a potentially significant displacement of the WOI in the non-pregnant group compared with the ongoing pregnant group in the short-term analysis. CONCLUSIONS No distinct endometrial transcriptome profile was associated with either implantation failure or success in infertile women. However, there may be differences in the extent to which the WOI is displaced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bich Ngoc Bui
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Alvin Meltsov
- Competence Center on Health TechnologiesTartuEstonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW, School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Catharina Olsen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Research Group Reproduction and GeneticsVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
- Brussels Interuniversity Genomics High Throughput Core (BRIGHTcore)VUB‐ULBBrusselsBelgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Nienke van Hoogenhuijze
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Femke Mol
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jan‐Peter de Bruin
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJeroen Bosch Hospital‘s‐HertogenboschThe Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Besselink
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Linda Stevens Brentjens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW, School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Darina Obukhova
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- Department of Clinical GeneticsMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Ron van Golde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW, School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW, School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of GenomicsUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Gaby Steba
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Shari Mackens
- Brussels IVFUniversitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Center on Health TechnologiesTartuEstonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Frank Broekmans
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Center for Infertility Care, Dijklander HospitalPurmerendThe Netherlands
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Trapphoff T, Ontrup C, Krug S, Dieterle S. Consumption of hookahs, e-cigarettes, and classic cigarettes and the impact on medically assisted reproduction treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9597. [PMID: 38671174 PMCID: PMC11053167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking of classic cigarettes has been well-established as a health risk factor, including cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. Adverse effects on human reproduction have also been shown. Smokers are assumed to have a significantly lower chance of pregnancy, however, the impact of smoking on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) treatment outcomes is controversial. Moreover, smoking habits have changed during the last decades since e-cigarettes and hookahs, or water pipes, have become very popular, yet little is known regarding vaping or hookah-smoking patients undergoing MAR treatments. This prospective study aimed to examine the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and its main metabolite, cotinine, in human follicular fluid (FF) in non-smoking, smoking, and vaping/hookah-smoking patients and to evaluate the impact on female fertility. Human FF samples were collected from 320 women subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles due to male subfertility. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry was used to analyse the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and cotinine. A questionnaire was provided to assess patient consumption behaviour and to identify (1) non-smoking patients, (2) patients who consumed cigarettes, and (3) patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression, Fisher's exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U Test. Nicotine was present in 22 (6.8%) and cotinine in 65 (20.3%) of the 320 samples. The nicotine and cotinine concentrations per sample ranged from 0 to 26.3 ng/ml and 0-363.0 ng/ml, respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene was not detectable in any of the samples analysed. Nicotine and cotinine were also present in the FF of patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. The clinical pregnancy rate, fertilization and maturation rates, and number of oocytes per oocyte pick-up were not statistically significantly different between non-smoking, smoking, or vaping/hookah-smoking patients. Smoking and the accumulation of smoking toxins in the FF have no impact on the outcome of MAR treatments-neither the clinical pregnancy rate, maturation and fertilization rates, nor the number of retrieved oocytes were affected. For the first time, nicotine and cotinine were quantified in the FF of patients exclusively vaping e-cigarettes or smoking hookahs. Since vaping liquids and hookah tobaccos contain potentially harmful substances, other adverse effects cannot be excluded.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03414567.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Trapphoff
- Fertility Center Dortmund, Olpe 19, 44135, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Carolin Ontrup
- Fertility Center Dortmund, Olpe 19, 44135, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sonja Krug
- Fertility Center Dortmund, Olpe 19, 44135, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefan Dieterle
- Fertility Center Dortmund, Olpe 19, 44135, Dortmund, Germany
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Witten/Herdecke, 44135, Dortmund, Germany
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Taniguchi R, Hatakeyama S, Ohgi S, Yanaihara A. Effect of Male Cigarette Smoking on In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Outcomes and Embryo Morphokinetic Parameters. Cureus 2024; 16:e52788. [PMID: 38389644 PMCID: PMC10882248 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study examines the association between male smoking status and embryo development in vitro. The study included non-smoking women aged under 40 years who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) at Yanaihara Women's Clinic from May 2019 to May 2022, and they were divided into two groups according to the husband's smoking status. The effect of male smoking status on IVF outcomes was compared retrospectively based on embryonic development using a time-lapse incubator. A total of 184 patients were included; 272 oocytes of 45 female non-smokers were cultured with the sperm of male smokers, and 816 oocytes of 139 female non-smokers were cultured with the sperm of male non-smokers. No significant differences were observed between male smokers and non-smokers groups with regard to fertilization and the top-quality embryo on day 3 and day 5 (p > 0.05). The male smoker group's embryos reached the early cleavage-stage parameters (time of pronuclei appearance to the five-cell stage) significantly earlier than the male non-smoker group's embryos (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in other parameters of top-quality blastocysts (p > 0.05). It was concluded that male smoking has some differences on the timing of early embryonic events on time-lapse examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Taniguchi
- Reproductive Center, Yanaihara Women's Clinic, Kamakura, JPN
| | | | - Shirei Ohgi
- Reproductive Center, Yanaihara Women's Clinic, Kamakura, JPN
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Nam CS, Campbell KJ, Acquati C, Bole R, Adler A, Collins DJ, Collins E, Samplaski M, Anderson-Bialis J, Andino JJ, Asafu-Adjei D, Gaskins AJ, Bortoletto P, Vij SC, Orwig KE, Lundy SD. Deafening Silence of Male Infertility. Urology 2023; 182:111-124. [PMID: 37778476 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Think about 6 loved ones of reproductive age in your life. Now imagine that 1 of these 6 individuals is suffering from infertility. Perhaps they feel alone and isolated, unable to discuss their heartbreak with their closest friends, family, and support network. Suffering in silence. In this editorial, we discuss the infertility journey through the lens of the patients, the providers, and the scientists who struggle with infertility each and every day. Our goal is to open a dialogue surrounding infertility, with an emphasis on dismantling the longstanding societal barriers to acknowledging male infertility as a disease. Through education, communication, compassion, and advocacy, together we can all begin to break the deafening silence of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Nam
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Chiara Acquati
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX; Department of Clinical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX; Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Raevti Bole
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Ava Adler
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Erica Collins
- Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mary Samplaski
- Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Juan J Andino
- Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Denise Asafu-Adjei
- Department of Urology, Department of Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Pietro Bortoletto
- Boston IVF, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah C Vij
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kyle E Orwig
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Scott D Lundy
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
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Amor H, Alkhaled Y, Bibi R, Hammadeh ME, Jankowski PM. The Impact of Heavy Smoking on Male Infertility and Its Correlation with the Expression Levels of the PTPRN2 and PGAM5 Genes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1617. [PMID: 37628668 PMCID: PMC10454138 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking has been linked to male infertility by affecting the sperm epigenome and genome. In this study, we aimed to determine possible changes in the transcript levels of PGAM5 (the phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5), PTPRN2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, N2-type receptor), and TYRO3 (tyrosine protein kinase receptor) in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers, and to investigate their association with the fundamental sperm parameters. In total, 118 sperm samples (63 heavy-smokers (G1) and 55 non-smokers (G2)) were included in this study. A semen analysis was performed according to the WHO guidelines. After a total RNA extraction, RT-PCR was used to quantify the transcript levels of the studied genes. In G1, a significant decrease in the standard semen parameters in comparison to the non-smokers was shown (p < 0.05). Moreover, PGAM5 and PTPRN2 were differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.03 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively) and downregulated in the spermatozoa of G1 compared to G2. In contrast, no difference was observed for TYRO3 (p ≤ 0.3). In G1, the mRNA expression level of the studied genes was correlated negatively with motility, sperm count, normal form, vitality, and sperm membrane integrity (p < 0.05). Therefore, smoking may affect gene expression and male fertility by altering the DNA methylation patterns in the genes associated with fertility and sperm quality, including PGAM5, PTPRN2, and TYRO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Yaser Alkhaled
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Riffat Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Michael Jankowski
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, 66424 Homburg, Germany
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He S, Wan L. Associations between smoking status and infertility: a cross-sectional analysis among USA women aged 18-45 years. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1140739. [PMID: 37181041 PMCID: PMC10168125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1140739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although many studies have proven the harmful effects of smoking on human health, the associations between smoking status and infertility are limited in large epidemiologic studies. We aimed to investigate the associations between smoking status and infertility among child-bearing women in the United States of America (USA). Methods A total of 3,665 female participants (aged 18-45) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2013-2018) were included in this analysis. All data were survey-weighted, and corresponding logistic regression models were performed to investigate the associations between smoking status and infertility. Results In a fully adjusted model, the risk of infertility was found to be increased by 41.8% among current smokers compared to never smokers (95% CI: 1.044-1.926, P=0.025). In the subgroup analysis, the odds ratios (95% CI) of the risk of infertility for current smokers were 2.352 (1.018-5.435) in the unadjusted model for Mexican American, 3.675 (1.531-8.820) in the unadjusted model but 2.162 (0.946-4.942) in fully adjusted model for people aged 25-31, 2.201 (1.097-4.418) in the unadjusted model but 0.837 (0.435-1.612) in fully adjusted model for people aged 32-38. Conclusion Current smokers was associated with a higher risk of infertility. The underlying mechanism of these correlations still needs more research. Our findings indicated that quitting smoking may serve as a simple index to reduce the risk of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie He
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Houda A, Peter Michael J, Romeo M, Mohamad Eid H. Smoking and Its Consequences on Male and Female Reproductive Health. Stud Fam Plann 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Smoking contributes to the death of around one in 10 adults worldwide. Specifically, cigarettes are known to contain around 4000 toxins and chemicals that are hazardous in nature. The negative effects of smoking on human health and interest in smoking-related diseases have a long history. Among these concerns are the harmful effects of smoking on reproductive health. Thirteen percent of female infertility is due to smoking. Female smoking can lead to gamete mutagenesis, early loss of reproductive function, and thus advance the time to menopause. It has been also associated with ectopic pregnancy and spontaneous abortion. Even when it comes to assisted reproductive technologies cycles, smokers require more cycles, almost double the number of cycles needed to conceive as non-smokers. Male smoking is shown to be correlated with poorer semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation. Not only active smokers but also passive smokers, when excessively exposed to smoking, can have reproductive problems comparable to those seen in smokers. In this book chapter, we will approach the effect of tobacco, especially tobacco smoking, on male and female reproductive health. This aims to take a preventive approach to infertility by discouraging smoking and helping to eliminate exposure to tobacco smoke in both women and men.
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Amor H, Hammadeh ME, Mohd I, Jankowski PM. Impact of heavy alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on sperm DNA integrity. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14434. [PMID: 35484935 DOI: 10.1111/and.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of the presents study were to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on semen parameters and sperm DNA quality, as well as to determine whether tobacco smoking, or alcohol consumption causes more deterioration of sperm quality. Two hundred and eleven semen samples of men were included in this study. Four groups were studied: heavy smokers (N = 48), heavy drinkers (N = 52), non-smokers (n = 70), and non-drinkers (n = 41). Semen parameters were determined according to WHO guidelines, protamine deficiency assessed by chromomycin (CMA3) staining, and sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) evaluated by TUNEL assay. Sperm parameters were significantly higher in non-smokers versus smokers and in non-drinkers versus drinkers (p < 0.005). However, protamine deficiency and sDF were significantly lower in non-smokers versus smokers and in non-drinkers versus drinkers (p < 0.0001). No significant difference in the semen analysis parameters was observed between heavy smokers and heavy drinkers (semen volume: 3.20 ± 1.43 vs. 2.81 ± 1.56 ml, semen count: 65.75 ± 31.32 vs. 53.51 ± 32.67 mill/ml, total motility: 24.27 ± 8.18 vs. 23.75 ± 1.75%, sperm vitality: 36.15 ± 18.57 vs. 34.62 ± 16.65%, functional integrity: 41.56 ± 18.57 vs. 45.96 ± 17.98% and the morphologically normal spermatozoa: 28.77 ± 11.82 vs. 27.06 ± 13.13%, respectively). However, protamine deficiency was significantly higher among drinkers than smokers (37.03 ± 9.75 vs. 33.27 ± 8.56%, p = 0.020). The sDF was also significantly higher among drinkers than smokers (22.37 ± 7.60 vs. 15.55 ± 3.33%, p < 0.0001). Thus, cigarette smoking, and heavy alcohol intake can deteriorate sperm quality. However, alcohol consumption deteriorates sperm maturity and damages DNA integrity at significantly higher rates than cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Izzaddin Mohd
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Laqqan MM, Yassin MM. Cigarette heavy smoking alters DNA methylation patterns and gene transcription levels in humans spermatozoa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26835-26849. [PMID: 34855177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17786-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is considered the most common reason of death and infertility around the world. This study was designed to assess the impact of tobacco heavy smoking on sperm DNA methylation patterns and to determine whether the transcription level of ALDH3B2, PTGIR, PRICKLE2, and ALS2CR12 genes is different in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers. As a screening study, the 450 K array was used to assess the alteration in DNA methylation patterns between heavy smokers (n = 15) and non-smokers (n = 15). Then, four CpGs that have the highest difference in methylation level (cg16338278, cg08408433, cg05799088, and cg07227024) were selected for validation using deep bisulfite sequencing in an independent cohort of heavy smokers (n = 200) and non-smokers (n = 100). A significant variation was found between heavy smokers and non-smokers in the methylation level at all CpGs within the PRICKLE2 and ALS2CR12 gene amplicon (P < 0.001). Similarly, a significant variation was found in the methylation level at nine out of thirteen CpGs within the ALDH3B2 gene amplicon (P < 0.01). Additionally, eighteen CpGs out of the twenty-six within the PTGIR gene amplicon have a significant difference in the methylation level between heavy smokers and non-smokers (P < 0.01). The study showed a significant difference in sperm global DNA methylation, chromatin non-condensation, and DNA fragmentation (P < 0.001) between heavy smokers and non-smokers. A significant decline was shown in the transcription level of ALDH3B2, PTGIR, PRICKLE2, and ALS2CR12 genes (P < 0.001) in heavy smokers. In conclusion, heavy smoking influences DNA methylation at several CpGs, sperm global DNA methylation, and transcription level of the PRICKLE2, ALS2CR12, ALDH3B2, and PTGIR genes, which affects negatively the semen parameters of heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Laqqan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestinian Territories, Palestine.
| | - Maged M Yassin
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestinian Territories, Palestine
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Laqqan MM, Yassin MM. Influence of tobacco cigarette heavy smoking on DNA methylation patterns and transcription levels of MAPK8IP3, GAA, ANXA2, PRRC2A, and PDE11A genes in human spermatozoa. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-021-00084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tobacco smoking is considered as one of the lifestyles factors that influence the sperm DNA methylation and global sperm DNA methylation and that may affect the sperm phenotype. This study was performed to investigate whether tobacco cigarette heavy smoking influences sperm DNA methylation patterns and semen parameters and to determine whether there is an alteration in the transcription level of MAPK8IP3, GAA, ANXA2, PRRC2A, and PDE11A genes in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers. Thirty samples were subjected to 450K arrays as a screening study to assess the variation in sperm DNA methylation levels between heavy smokers and non-smokers. Five CpG sites have the highest difference in methylation levels (cg07869343, cg05813498, cg09785377, cg06833981, and cg02745784), which are located in the MAPK8IP3, GAA, ANXA2, PRRC2A, and PDE11A genes, respectively, and were selected for further analysis using deep bisulfite sequencing in 280 independent samples (120 proven non-smokers and 160 heavy smokers) with a mean age of 33.8 ± 8.4 years. The global sperm DNA methylation, sperm DNA fragmentation, and chromatin non-condensation were evaluated also.
Results
A significant increase was found in the methylation level at seven, three, and seventeen CpGs within the GAA, ANXA2, and MAPK8IP3 genes amplicon, respectively (P< 0.01) in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers. Additionally, a significant increase was found in the methylation levels at all CpGs within PRRC2A and PDE11A gene amplicon (P< 0.01). A significant increase was found in the level of sperm chromatin non-condensation, DNA fragmentation, and global DNA methylation (P < 0.001) in heavy smokers compared to non-smokers.
Conclusion
These results indicate that tobacco cigarette smoking can alter the DNA methylation level at several CpGs, the status of global DNA methylation, and transcription level of the following genes “MAPK8IP3, GAA, ANXA2, PRRC2A, and PDE11A” in human spermatozoa. These findings may affect negatively semen parameters and men’s fertility.
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Abstract
Infertility is the most common issue in the field of reproductive medicine. Many factors affect fertility status, including life-style choices such as cigarette smoking or alcohol use. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on oocyte quality as well the quantity in young fertile women. In total, 56 young fertile women who were undergoing oocyte donation programmes were included in this study. The effects of cigarette smoking on antral follicle count, number of follicles and oocytes retrieved and morphology were assessed by an expert embryologist. The results of this study showed that cigarette smoking did not have a significant effect on the follicle count or the number of oocytes retrieved from young and fertile women. However, a significant difference was observed in the morphological assessment. In conclusion, although cigarette smoking does not seem to affect oocyte development, it had an effect on cytoplasmic anomalies and therefore may lower pregnancy chance. Therefore, it is crucial to give proper counselling to patients who are trying to become pregnant both naturally and by in vitro fertilization.
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Liang L, Zhao XX. Correlation between aneuploidy pregnancy and the concentration of various hormones and vascular endothelial factor in follicular fluid as well as the number of acquired oocytes. J Perinat Med 2019; 48:40-45. [PMID: 31811810 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the correlation between aneuploidy pregnancy and the concentration of various hormones and vascular endothelial factor in follicular fluid as well as the number of acquired oocytes and to provide a scientific basis for improving ovulation induction programs. Methods In total, we collected 277 follicular fluid specimens from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in our hospital. Eighteen cases of aneuploidy embryos were identified. The follicular fluid of these aneuploidy embryos was used for the study. According to the case and control 1:5 paired design, we selected five age-matched controls with healthy births following IVF for each aneuploidy case. Concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the follicular fluid were measured. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between aneuploidy pregnancy and the concentrations of various hormones and VEGF in the follicular fluid as well as the number of acquired oocytes. Results Multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that of all the factors analyzed, only FSH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.300, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.091-1.548, P = 0.003] level in the follicular fluid and the number of acquired oocytes (OR = 1.179, 95% CI, 1.070-1.299, P = 0.001) were closely related to aneuploidy pregnancy. No other factors were found to be associated with aneuploidy pregnancy. Conclusion FSH concentrations in the follicular fluid are risk factors for aneuploidy pregnancies. The higher the number of eggs, the higher the risk of aneuploidy. These findings may help improve ovulation induction programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliate Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliate Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
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Purewal S, Chapman SCE, van den Akker OBA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of lifestyle and body mass index predictors of successful assisted reproductive technologies. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2019; 40:2-18. [PMID: 29172958 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2017.1403418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle (smoking, drinking alcohol) and body mass index (BMI) predictors of successful outcomes in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments were examined in this meta-analysis. METHOD A bibliographic search was undertaken using six databases. The review was informed by PRISMA/MOOSE guidelines. Meta-analytic data were analysed using random effects models. RESULTS We included 77 studies examining effects of BMI, smoking and drinking alcohol. Patients with a BMI< =24.9 were significantly more likely to achieve LB/pregnancy than with BMI> =25 OR = 1.219 (95% CI:1.128-1.319, z = 4.971, p < .001; I2 = 53.779%, p = .001). Non-smokers were significantly more likely to achieve a LB or pregnancy than smokers OR = 1.457 (95% CI:1.228-1.727, z = 4.324, p < .001; I2 = 51.883; p = .001). Meta-regression revealed the number of embryos transferred significantly moderated the effects of smoking on ART outcomes, and there was a trend indicating primary infertility and high BMI were also significant moderators. The evidence for drinking alcohol was inconclusive due to the small number of studies. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirms that ART treatment success can be predicted with lifestyle factors. Further, non-smokers' relative odds of pregnancy/live birth increase as more embryos were transferred but there was a trend that the odds of pregnancy/live birth decrease with primary infertility and high BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvinder Purewal
- a Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing , University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton , UK
| | - S C E Chapman
- b Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of Bath , Bath , UK
| | - O B A van den Akker
- c Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology , Middlesex University , London , UK
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Zhang RP, Zhao WZ, Chai BB, Wang QY, Yu CH, Wang HY, Liu L, Yang LQ, Zhao SH. The effects of maternal cigarette smoking on pregnancy outcomes using assisted reproduction technologies: An updated meta-analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2018; 47:461-468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Revisiting the association between smoking and female fertility using the oocyte donation model. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:564-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lebovitz O, Haas J, James KE, Seidman DS, Orvieto R, Hourvitz A. The expected cumulative incidence of live birth for patients starting IVF treatment at age 41 years or older. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:533-541. [PMID: 30297113 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the cumulative incidence of live birth (CILB) for high-order consecutive IVF cycles, and which factors are associated with live birth in women aged ≥41 years using autologous oocytes? DESIGN A retrospective cohort study including 146 patients aged 41 years to <44 years who started their first IVF cycle attempt using autologous oocytes, between January 2006 and December 2013. RESULTS After 13 IVF cycles, CILB reached up to 33.6%. After six IVF cycles, 42 (28.8%) women delivered a live infant (85.7% of the total live birth). Mean live birth rate per cycle declined with age at the initial cycle (8% at 41 years; 5.8% at 42 years; and 4.1% at 43 years). Multivariable modified Poisson regression models identified patient's age (RR for 41 years versus 43 years: 0.47; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.87; P = 0.01), smoking status (RR 0.21; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.08; P = 0.02), and mean number of fertilized oocytes (RR 1.23; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.39; P < 0.01) as factors significantly associated with the probability of a live birth. CONCLUSIONS Multiple repeat IVF cycles in women aged 41-44 years offers a reasonable long-term success rate. After six cycles of treatment, about 29% of women of advanced reproductive age using autologous oocytes expected to achieve a live birth. This information might assist in fertility counselling and managing patients' expectations by adjusting the appropriate treatment strategy and number of IVF cycle attempts, especially in countries in which egg donation is prohibited or when multiple repeated IVF cycles attempts are financially affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrit Lebovitz
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Jigal Haas
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | - Daniel S Seidman
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ariel Hourvitz
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Mínguez-Alarcón L, Chavarro JE, Gaskins AJ. Caffeine, alcohol, smoking, and reproductive outcomes among couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatments. Fertil Steril 2018; 110:587-592. [PMID: 30196942 PMCID: PMC11002791 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, as the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has continued to increase worldwide, research investigating whether modifiable lifestyle factors, such as alcohol, caffeine, and smoking, may affect ART outcomes has grown. Despite the vast literature, there is still uncertainty regarding the effects of some of these exposures on ART outcomes. The objective of this review is to summarize the epidemiologic literature on intakes of caffeine and alcohol, smoking, and reproductive outcomes among women undergoing ART. Of the five epidemiologic studies on caffeine intake and ART outcomes, only one found a significant negative effect of caffeine intake on live birth following ART. There have been six epidemiologic studies exploring whether alcohol intake is associated with fertility outcomes among women undergoing ART. Three studies assessed current alcohol consumption and observed a negative effect on outcomes such as fertilization, embryo quality, and implantation. When alcohol intake in the year before treatment was assessed, no relationships were observed with clinical outcomes following ART. Finally, numerous epidemiologic studies and a handful of meta-analyses have confirmed that female current smokers have worse ART outcomes compared with nonsmokers. Although former smokers tend to have better ART outcomes than current smokers, very few individual studies have investigated the influence of smoking cessation on ART outcomes. Literature on male smoking, drinking, and caffeine habits in relation to ART outcomes is even sparser and inconsistent, making it difficult to draw strong conclusions on that topic. In summary, there is little evidence supporting a detrimental effect of moderate caffeine intake on ART outcomes. Current consumption of alcohol may have a negative effect on ART outcomes, but at present the evidence is limited. Women who currently smoke cigarettes have been consistently found to have poorer ART outcomes, including reduced live birth rates, but a quantification of the benefits of smoking cessation is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Audrey J Gaskins
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Budani MC, Fensore S, Di Marzio M, Tiboni GM. Cigarette smoking impairs clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies: A meta-analysis of the literature. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 80:49-59. [PMID: 29906539 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is convincing evidence that cigarette smoking can impair female reproductive potential. This meta-analysis updates the knowledge regarding the effects of cigarette smoking on clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Twenty-six studies were included in this meta-analysis. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and statistical heterogeneity between the studies was evaluated with Higgins (I2), Breslow (τ2), Birge's ratio (H2) indices and Chi-square test (χ2). A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The analysis showed a significant decrease in live birth rate per cycle for smoking patients (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.44-0.79; P = 0.0005), a significant lower clinical pregnancy rate per cycle for smoking women (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41-0.68; P < 0.0001), and a significant increase in terms of spontaneous miscarriage rate (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.10-4.48; P = 0.025) for smokers. These findings demonstrate clear negative effects of cigarette smoking on the outcome of ART programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Budani
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Stefania Fensore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Filosofiche, Pedagogiche ed Economico-Quantitative, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Marco Di Marzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Filosofiche, Pedagogiche ed Economico-Quantitative, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Gian Mario Tiboni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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Jandíková H, Dušková M, Stárka L. The influence of smoking and cessation on the human reproductive hormonal balance. Physiol Res 2018; 66:S323-S331. [PMID: 28948816 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is the most widespread substance dependence in the world. Nicotine and some other components of the cigarette smoke cause various endocrine imbalances, and have negative effects on pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, testicular and ovarian functions. Here, we examined studies that describe the influence of smoking and smoking cessation on the male and female reproductive systems. We also focused on studies providing an account of differences in cessation success rates between men and women. In men, the most common effects associated with smoking are erectile dysfunction and decreasing spermiogram quality. Several groups have studied the effects of cigarette smoking on testosterone levels in men. However, the results have been conflicting. In women, nicotine has an anti-estrogen effect and increases the ratio of androgens to estrogens throughout life. Beside nicotine, other cigarette toxins also cause dysregulation of reproductive and hormonal system, and essentially influence the probability of a successful pregnancy not only in cases of assisted reproduction but also in healthy women. Tobacco addiction is one of the forms of addiction that are generally thought to be different for men and for women. Women are less successful than men in quitting smoking, and nicotine replacement therapy is less effective in female smokers. We also summarize recent studies that have indicated possible reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jandíková
- Third Medical Department - First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose is to provide a summary of the effects of cigarette smoking on steroid hormone metabolism and how it affects female fertility. RECENT FINDINGS Components of tobacco smoke such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons lead to transcriptional upregulation of a number of genes, including members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, in particular CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. In humans, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 are the primary enzymes catalyzing the 2-hydroxylation of estradiol. This pathway shunts available estrogen away from the more estrogenically potent 16α-hydroxylation to the production of catechol estrogens, mainly 2 and 4 hydroxyestradiol. SUMMARY Smoking has multiple effects on hormone secretion and metabolism. These effects are mainly mediated by the pharmacological action of tobacco alkaloids (nicotine and its metabolite cotinine). A strong body of evidence indicates that the negative effects of cigarette smoking on fertility compromises nearly every system involved in the reproductive process.
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Effect of the male factor on the clinical outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection combined with preimplantation aneuploidy testing: observational longitudinal cohort study of 1,219 consecutive cycles. Fertil Steril 2017; 108:961-972.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Aberrant DNA methylation patterns of human spermatozoa in current smoker males. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 71:126-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Budani MC, Tiboni GM. Ovotoxicity of cigarette smoke: A systematic review of the literature. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 72:164-181. [PMID: 28684319 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study reviews the scientific literature on the noxious effects of cigarette smoke on the ovarian follicle, and the cumulative data on the impact of smoking on in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle outcome. There is a close association between tobacco smoke and accelerated follicle loss, abnormal follicle growth and impairment of oocyte morphology and maturation. There is an increasing amount of evidence indicating that smoke can directly derange folliculogenesis. Increased cellular apoptosis or autophagy, DNA damage and abnormal crosstalk between oocyte and granulosa cells have been implicated in the demise of ovarian follicles. It becomes increasingly clear that maternal smoking can exert multigenerational effects on the ovarian function of the progeny. Growing evidence suggests that cigarette smoke is associated with decreased results after IVF. Further research is needed to better define the molecular mechanisms behind smoking-induced ovarian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Budani
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Tiboni
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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Beal MA, Yauk CL, Marchetti F. From sperm to offspring: Assessing the heritable genetic consequences of paternal smoking and potential public health impacts. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2017; 773:26-50. [PMID: 28927533 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Individuals who smoke generally do so with the knowledge of potential consequences to their own health. What is rarely considered are the effects of smoking on their future children. The objective of this work was to review the scientific literature on the effects of paternal smoking on sperm and assess the consequences to offspring. A literature search identified over 200 studies with relevant data in humans and animal models. The available data were reviewed to assess the weight of evidence that tobacco smoke is a human germ cell mutagen and estimate effect sizes. These results were used to model the potential increase in genetic disease burden in offspring caused by paternal smoking, with specific focus on aneuploid syndromes and intellectual disability, and the socioeconomic impacts of such an effect. The review revealed strong evidence that tobacco smoking is associated with impaired male fertility, and increases in DNA damage, aneuploidies, and mutations in sperm. Studies support that these effects are heritable and adversely impact the offspring. Our model estimates that, with even a modest 25% increase in sperm mutation frequency caused by smoke-exposure, for each generation across the global population there will be millions of smoking-induced de novo mutations transmitted from fathers to offspring. Furthermore, paternal smoking is estimated to contribute to 1.3 million extra cases of aneuploid pregnancies per generation. Thus, the available evidence makes a compelling case that tobacco smoke is a human germ cell mutagen with serious public health and socio-economic implications. Increased public education should be encouraged to promote abstinence from smoking, well in advance of reproduction, to minimize the transmission of harmful mutations to the next-generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Beal
- Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Francesco Marchetti
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
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Cigarette smoke is associated with altered expression of antioxidant enzymes in granulosa cells from women undergoing in vitro fertilization. ZYGOTE 2017. [PMID: 28635583 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199417000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate whether cigarette smoke is associated with changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes in granulosa cells of women undergoing IVF treatments. For this aim, the expression of three antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, SOD2 and catalase) in non-smokers (n = 20) and smokers (n = 20) was analyzed. There was a statistically significant overexpression of SOD2 and catalase mRNA levels in smokers in comparison with non-smokers. Cigarette smoking was associated with a lower fertilization rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate in comparison with non-smokers. There was no effect on retrieved oocytes number, metaphase II oocytes number, quality of embryos transferred and live birth rate. These findings suggest that cigarette smoke initiates oxidative stress in granulosa cells.
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Discrete survival model analysis of a couple's smoking pattern and outcomes of assisted reproduction. FERTILITY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017; 3. [PMID: 28480049 PMCID: PMC5416813 DOI: 10.1186/s40738-017-0032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking has been associated with worse infertility treatment outcomes, yet some studies have found null or inconsistent results. Methods We followed 225 couples who underwent 354 fresh non-donor assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles between 2006 and 2014. Smoking history was self-reported at study entry. We evaluated the associations between smoking patterns and ART success using multivariable discrete time Cox proportional hazards models with six time periods: cycle initiation to egg retrieval, retrieval to fertilization, fertilization to embryo transfer (ET), ET to implantation, implantation to clinical pregnancy, and clinical pregnancy to live birth to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs. Time-dependent interactions between smoking intensity and ART time period were used to identify vulnerable periods. Results Overall, 26% of women and 32% of men reported ever smoking. The HR of failing in the ART cycle without attaining live birth for male and female ever smokers was elevated, but non-significant, compared to never smokers regardless of intensity (HR = 1.02 and 1.30, respectively). Female ever smokers were more likely to fail prior to oocyte retrieval (HR: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.00, 12.73). Every one cigarette/day increase in smoking intensity for females was associated with a HR of 1.02 of failing ART (95% CI: 0.97, 1.08), regardless of duration or current smoking status. Women with higher smoking intensities were most likely to fail a cycle prior to oocyte retrieval (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.16). Among past smokers, every additional year since a man had quit smoking reduced the risk of failing ART by 4% (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.00) particularly between clinical pregnancy and live birth (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.96). Conclusions Female smoking intensity, regardless of current smoking status, is positively associated with the risk of failing ART cycles between initiation and oocyte retrieval. In men who ever smoked, smoking cessation may reduce the probability of failing ART, particularly between clinical pregnancy and live birth. Trial registration NCT00011713. Registered: 27 February 2001. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40738-017-0032-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Terzioglu F, Turk R, Yucel C, Dilbaz S, Cinar O, Karahalil B. The effect of anxiety and depression scores of couples who underwent assisted reproductive techniques on the pregnancy outcomes. Afr Health Sci 2016; 16:441-50. [PMID: 27605959 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v16i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effect of anxiety and depression scores of couples who underwent Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) on pregnancy outcomes. METHOD This study was conducted as a prospective and comparative study with 217 couples. The study data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire and the Turkish version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The questionnaire, STAI and BDI were applied to couples who initiated ART treatment. Couples' state anxiety scores were re-evaluated after embryo transfer (ET). RESULTS A significant relationship was found between the depression score of women and pregnancy outcome (p < 0.05). It was determined that anxiety scores for both men and women were higher before the ART procedure, but their anxiety scores decreased after ET (p < 0.05). Spouses of women with a negative pregnancy outcome had higher trait and state anxiety mean scores (p > 0.05) and lower depression scores (p <0.05) than spouses of women with a positive pregnancy outcome. CONCLUSION Study results indicated that the anxiety and depression scores of couples who had achieved a positive pregnancy result were lower than for couples with a negative result. The results of this study will contribute to the health professionals especially to the nurses who spend the most time with couples in providing consulting services and supporting psychological status of couples during ART process in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rukiye Turk
- Kafkas University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Kars, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yucel
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Dilbaz
- Ministery of Health Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cinar
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Histology-Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bensu Karahalil
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology Department, Ankara, Turkey
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Kim H, Kim SK, Yu EJ, Lee JR, Jee BC, Suh CS, Kim SH. The prevalence of positive urinary cotinine tests in Korean infertile couples and the effect of smoking on assisted conception outcomes. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2015; 42:136-42. [PMID: 26816872 PMCID: PMC4724597 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2015.42.4.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking has been reported to harm nearly every organ of the body, but conflicting results have been reported regarding the effects of smoking on assisted conception. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of positive urinary cotinine tests in infertile couples and whether cotinine positivity was associated with infertility treatment outcomes. METHODS A qualitative urinary cotinine test was administered to 127 couples who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF, n=92) or intrauterine insemination (IUI, n=35). RESULTS The overall prevalence of positive urinary cotinine test was 43.3% (55/127) in the male partners and 10.2% (13/127) in the female partners with similar prevalence rates in both genders in the IUI and IVF groups. Semen characteristics, serum markers of ovarian reserve, and number of retrieved oocytes were comparable among cotinine-positive and cotinine-negative men or women (with the exception of sperm count, which was higher among cotinine-positive men). The results of urinary cotinine tests in infertile couples were not associated with IVF and IUI outcomes. CONCLUSION The presence of cotinine in the system, as indicated by a positive urinary cotinine test, was not associated with poorer outcomes of infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul Ki Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ryeol Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Jee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Suk Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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30
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The Bologna criteria for poor ovarian response: a contemporary critical appraisal. J Ovarian Res 2015; 8:76. [PMID: 26577149 PMCID: PMC4650906 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Postponement of child bearing and maternal age at first pregnancy are on the rise, contributing considerably to an increase in age-related infertility and the demand for assisted reproductive technologies (ART) treatment. This brings to the infertility clinics many women with low ovarian reserve and poor ovarian response (POR) to conventional stimulation. The Bologna criteria were released to standardize the definition of POR and pave the way for the formulation of evidence-based, efficient modalities of treatment for women undergoing IVF-ET. More than four years have passed since the introduction of these criteria and the debate is still ongoing whether a revision is due. Women with POR comprise several sub-groups with diverse baseline distinctiveness, a major issue that has fueled the discussion. Although antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), are considered good predictors of ovarian reserve, their threshold values are still not universally standardized. Different definitions for sonographic AFC and diverse assays for AMH are held responsible for this delay in standardization. Adding established risk factors to the criteria will lead to more reliable and reproducible definition of a POR, especially in young women. The original criteria did not address the issue of oocyte quality, and the addition of risk factors may yield specific associations with quality vs. quantity. Patient’s age is the best available criterion, although limited, to predict live-birth and presumably oocyte quality. High scale studies to validate these criteria are still missing while recent evidence raises concern regarding over diagnosis.
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31
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Dai JB, Wang ZX, Qiao ZD. The hazardous effects of tobacco smoking on male fertility. Asian J Androl 2015; 17:954-60. [PMID: 25851659 PMCID: PMC4814952 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.150847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantial harmful effects of tobacco smoking on fertility and reproduction have become apparent but are not generally appreciated. Tobacco smoke contains more than 4000 kinds of constituents, including nicotine, tar, carbonic monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. Because of the complexity of tobacco smoke components, the toxicological mechanism is notably complicated. Most studies have reported reduced semen quality, reproductive hormone system dysfunction and impaired spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, and spermatozoa function in smokers compared with nonsmokers. Underlying these effects, elevated oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis may play important roles collaboratively in the overall effect of tobacco smoking on male fertility. In this review, we strive to focus on both the phenotype of and the molecular mechanism underlying these harmful effects, although current studies regarding the mechanism remain insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Dai
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhong-Dong Qiao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Camlin NJ, McLaughlin EA, Holt JE. Through the smoke: use of in vivo and in vitro cigarette smoking models to elucidate its effect on female fertility. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:266-75. [PMID: 25448442 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A finite number of oocytes are established within the mammalian ovary prior to birth to form a precious ovarian reserve. Damage to this limited pool of gametes by environmental factors such as cigarette smoke and its constituents therefore represents a significant risk to a woman's reproductive capacity. Although evidence from human studies to date implicates a detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on female fertility, these retrospective studies are limited and present conflicting results. In an effort to more clearly understand the effect of cigarette smoke, and its chemical constituents, on female fertility, a variety of in vivo and in vitro animal models have been developed. This article represents a systematic review of the literature regarding four of experimental model types: 1) direct exposure of ovarian cells and follicles to smoking constituents' in vitro, 2) direct exposure of whole ovarian tissue with smoking constituents in vitro, 3) whole body exposure of animals to smoking constituents and 4) whole body exposure of animals to cigarette smoke. We summarise key findings and highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each model system, and link these to the molecular mechanisms identified in smoke-induced fertility changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Camlin
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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