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Zhang X, Li Y, Zhou Z. Lipid Nanoparticle-Based Delivery System-A Competing Place for mRNA Vaccines. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6219-6234. [PMID: 38371811 PMCID: PMC10870384 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
mRNA, as one of the foci of biomedical research in the past decade, has become a candidate vaccine solution for various infectious diseases and tumors and for regenerative medicine and immunotherapy due to its high efficiency, safety, and effectiveness. A stable and effective delivery system is needed to protect mRNAs from nuclease degradation while also enhancing immunogenicity. The success of mRNA lipid nanoparticles in treating COVID-19, to a certain extent, marks a milestone for mRNA vaccines and also promotes further research on mRNA delivery systems. Here, we explore mRNA vaccine delivery systems, especially lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), considering the current research status, prospects, and challenges of lipid nanoparticles, and explore other mRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Research
Center for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin
University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300193 Tianjin, China
- Institute
for Biological Product Control, National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating
Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, No.31 Huatuo Street, Daxing District, 102629 Beijing, China
- College
of Life Science, Jilin University, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- Department
of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen Branch), Fudan University, 361015 Xiamen, Fujian China
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Research
Center for Infectious Diseases, Tianjin
University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300193 Tianjin, China
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2
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Ghaemmaghamian Z, Zarghami R, Walker G, O'Reilly E, Ziaee A. Stabilizing vaccines via drying: Quality by design considerations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114313. [PMID: 35597307 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pandemics and epidemics are continually challenging human beings' health and imposing major stresses on the societies particularly over the last few decades, when their frequency has increased significantly. Protecting humans from multiple diseases is best achieved through vaccination. However, vaccines thermal instability has always been a hurdle in their widespread application, especially in less developed countries. Furthermore, insufficient vaccine processing capacity is also a major challenge for global vaccination programs. Continuous drying of vaccine formulations is one of the potential solutions to these challenges. This review highlights the challenges on implementing the continuous drying techniques for drying vaccines. The conventional drying methods, emerging technologies and their adaptation by biopharmaceutical industry are investigated considering the patented technologies for drying of vaccines. Moreover, the current progress in applying Quality by Design (QbD) in each of the drying techniques considering the critical quality attributes (CQAs), critical process parameters (CPPs) are comprehensively reviewed. An expert advice is presented on the required actions to be taken within the biopharmaceutical industry to move towards continuous stabilization of vaccines in the realm of QbD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaemmaghamian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Process Centers of Excellence, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zarghami
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Process Centers of Excellence, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gavin Walker
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emmet O'Reilly
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ahmad Ziaee
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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3
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Neyra C, Clénet D, Bright M, Kensinger R, Hauser S. Predictive modeling for assessing the long-term thermal stability of a new fully-liquid quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid conjugated vaccine. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121143. [PMID: 34600051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Establishing product stability is critical for pharmaceuticals. We used a modeling approach to predict the thermal stability of a fully-liquid quadrivalent meningococcal (serogroups A, C, W, Y) conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-TT; MenQuadfi®) at potential transportation and storage temperatures. Vaccine degradation was determined by measuring the rate of hydrolysis through an increase of free polysaccharide (de-conjugated or unconjugated polysaccharide) content during six months storage at 25 °C, 45 °C and 56 °C. A procedure combining advanced kinetics and statistics was used to screen and compare kinetic models describing observed free polysaccharide increase as a function of time and temperature for each serogroup. Statistical analyses were used to quantify prediction accuracy. A two-step kinetic model described the increase in free polysaccharide content for serogroup A; whereas, one-step kinetic models were found suitable to describe the other serogroups. The models were used to predict free polysaccharide increases for each serogroup during long-term storage under recommended conditions (2-8 °C), and during temperature excursions to 25 °C or 40 °C. In both cases, serogroup-specific simulations accurately predict the respective observed experimental data. Experimental data collected to 48 months at 5 °C were within 99% predictive bands. The models described here can be used with confidence to establish shelf-life for this fully-liquid quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine; as well as, monitor in real-time free polysaccharide increase for vaccines experiencing temperature excursions during shipment/storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Neyra
- Manufacturing Technology Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, USA.
| | - Didier Clénet
- Bioprocess R&D Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Marcia Bright
- Quality Control Stability, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, USA.
| | | | - Steven Hauser
- Manufacturing Technology Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, USA.
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4
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Bobba S, Zinfollino N, Fissore D. Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to statistical control in freeze-drying processes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 168:26-37. [PMID: 34438021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Batch freeze-drying of pharmaceutical products in vials may result in a high degree of intra-batch variability due to several reasons, e.g. non uniform heating rate in the drying chamber. Therefore, product quality in the final product has to be checked in a statistically significant number of samples, in particular in the stage of process development. Here, Fourier-Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy is proposed as a fast, non-destructive technique for an off-line Statistical Quality Control application. At first, results obtained in a batch where product features are satisfactory are used to identify a target quality threshold. Then, a statistical controller is developed in such a way that in a production run it is possible to quickly check if product quality exceeds the desired threshold or not. Two approaches based on multivariate analysis are presented: one employs the Hotelling T2 and Mahalanobis statistics to calculate control charts, the other is an application of Partial Least Squares for discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Control charts and PLS-DA were trained with samples obtained in a run where sucrose solution was processed and validated in other runs where the final product was known to have the desired qualitative characteristics or not. Overall, out-of-specification samples can be predicted by control charts and PLS-DA with 99% and 98% accuracy respectively. PLS-DA was shown to be able to better identify samples correctly processed, while the control charts where more accurate to identify vials where something went wrong. Focusing on residual moisture of the final product, all samples where it was higher than the target value were always correctly identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Bobba
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy; Biotech Pharmaceutical Development Department, Merck Serono SpA, via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma) 00012, Italy
| | - Nunzio Zinfollino
- Biotech Pharmaceutical Development Department, Merck Serono SpA, via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma) 00012, Italy
| | - Davide Fissore
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy.
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5
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Rowell CER, Dobrovolny HM. Energy Requirements for Loss of Viral Infectivity. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2020; 12:281-294. [PMID: 32757142 PMCID: PMC7405386 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-020-09439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Outside the host, viruses will eventually lose their ability to infect cells due to conformational changes that occur to proteins on the viral capsid. In order to undergo a conformational change, these proteins require energy to activate the chemical reaction that leads to the conformational change. In this study, data from the literature is used to calculate the energy required for viral inactivation for a variety of different viruses by means of the Arrhenius equation. We find that some viruses (rhinovirus, poliovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus, and hepatitis A virus) have high inactivation energies, indicative of breaking of a chemical double bond. We also find that several viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, poliovirus, and norovirus) have nonlinear Arrhenius plots, suggesting that there is more than a single pathway for inactivation of these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E R Rowell
- Department of Chemistry, Wingate University, Hendersonville, NC, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Hana M Dobrovolny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Razuc M, Grafia A, Gallo L, Ramírez-Rigo MV, Romañach RJ. Near-infrared spectroscopic applications in pharmaceutical particle technology. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1565-1589. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1641510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Razuc
- Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - A. Grafia
- Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (PLAPIQUI), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - L. Gallo
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (PLAPIQUI), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - M. V. Ramírez-Rigo
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (PLAPIQUI), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - R. J. Romañach
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Structured Organic Particulate Systems, University of Puerto Rico – Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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7
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Clénet D, Hourquet V, Woinet B, Ponceblanc H, Vangelisti M. A spray freeze dried micropellet based formulation proof-of-concept for a yellow fever vaccine candidate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:334-343. [PMID: 31306751 PMCID: PMC6727866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The stability of live-attenuated viruses is very challenging due to thermal sensitivity; therefore, solid form is usually required (often freeze-dried products). Micropellet technology is a lyophilization technology that has the potential to provide greater flexibility in the presentation of a given vaccine particularly in multi-dose format or in combination of different vaccines. As a novel vaccine alternative process, this spray freeze-dried (SFD) micropellet technology was evaluated using as a model a yellow fever virus produced in Vero cells (vYF). Screening of excipients was performed in order to optimize physico-chemical properties of the micropellets. Sugar/polymer-based formulations induced high glass transition temperature (Tg), adequate breaking force and attrition resistance of the SFD micropellets. These mechanical parameters and their stability are of considerable importance for the storage, the transport but also the filling process of the SFD micropellets. By adding excipients required to best preserve virus infectivity, an optimal sugar/polymer-based formulation was selected to build micropellets containing vYF. Monodisperse and dried micropellets with a diameter of about 530 µm were obtained, exhibiting similar potency to conventional freeze-dried product in terms of vYF infectious titer when both solid forms were kept under refrigerated conditions (2–8 °C). Comparable kinetics of degradation were observed for vYF formulated in micropellets or as conventional freeze-dried product during an accelerated stability study using incubations at 25 °C and 37 °C over several weeks. The results from this investigation demonstrate the ability to formulate live-attenuated viruses in micropellets. Pharmaceutical applications of this novel vaccine solid form are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Clénet
- Bioprocess R&D Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | | | | | - Hervé Ponceblanc
- Analytical Sciences BIEM, Sanofi Pasteur, Neuville s/Saône, France
| | - Manuel Vangelisti
- R&D Global Projects Strategy and Execution, Sanofi Pasteur, Marcy l'Etoile, France
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8
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Kaur P, Sharma AK, Nag D, Das A, Datta S, Ganguli A, Goel V, Rajput S, Chakrabarti G, Basu B, Choudhury D. Novel nano-insulin formulation modulates cytokine secretion and remodeling to accelerate diabetic wound healing. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:47-57. [PMID: 30213518 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about insulin's wound healing capability in normal as well as diabetic conditions. We here report specific interaction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with insulin by making a ~2 nm thick coat around the AgNPs and its potent wound healing efficacy. Characterization of the interaction of human insulin with silver nanoparticles showed confirmed alteration of amide-I in insulin whereas amide-II and III remained unaltered. Further, nanoparticles protein interaction kinetics showed spontaneous interaction at physiological temperature with ΔG, ΔS, Ea and Ka values -7.48, 0.076, 3.84 kcal mol-1 and 6 × 105 s-1 respectively. Insulin loaded AgNPs (IAgNPs) showed significant improvement in healing activity in vitro (HEKa cells) and in vivo (Wister Rats) in comparison with the control in both normal and diabetic conditions. The underlying mechanism was attributed to a regulation of the balance between pro (IL-6, TNFα) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) at the wound site to promote faster wound remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawandeep Kaur
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | | | - Debasish Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amlan Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Sikkim, India
| | - Satabdi Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Ganguli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vanshita Goel
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | | | - Gopal Chakrabarti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswarup Basu
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India.
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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9
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Biophysical virus particle specific characterization to sharpen the definition of virus stability. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 132:62-69. [PMID: 30118752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine thermostability is key to successful global immunization programs as it may have a significant impact on the continuous cold-chain maintenance logistics, as well as affect vaccine potency. Modern biological and biophysical techniques were combined to in-depth characterize the thermostability of a formulated rabies virus (RABV) in terms of antigenic and genomic titer, virus particle count and aggregation state. Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to count virus particles while simultaneously determining their size distribution. RABV antigenicity was assessed by NTA using a monoclonal antibody that recognize a rabies glycoprotein (G protein) conformational epitope, enabling to specifically count antigenic rabies viruses. Agreement between antigenicity results from NTA and conventional method, as ELISA, was demonstrated. Additionally, NTA and ELISA showed mirrored loss of RABV antigenicity during forced degradation studies performed between 5 °C and 45 °C temperature exposure for one month. Concomitant with decreased antigenicity, emergence of RABV particle populations larger than those expected for rabies family viruses was observed, suggesting RABV aggregation induced by thermal stress. Finally, using a kinetic-based modeling approach to explore forced degradation antigenicity data (NTA, ELISA), a two-step model accurately describing antigenicity loss was identified. This model predicted a RABV shelf-life of more than 3 years at 5 °C; significant loss of antigenicity was predicted for samples maintained several months at ambient temperature. This thorough characterization of RABV forced degradation study originally provided a time-temperature mapping of RABV stability.
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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Williams DR. Humidity induced collapse in freeze dried cakes: A direct visualization study using DVS. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Accurate prediction of vaccine stability under real storage conditions and during temperature excursions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 125:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Calvo NL, Maggio RM, Kaufman TS. Characterization of pharmaceutically relevant materials at the solid state employing chemometrics methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:538-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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