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Sardarabadi H, Darvishi MH, Zohrab F, Javadi H. Nanophytomedicine: A promising practical approach in phytotherapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3607-3644. [PMID: 38725270 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The long and rich history of herbal therapeutic nutrients is fascinating. It is incredible to think about how ancient civilizations used plants and herbs to treat various ailments and diseases. One group of bioactive phytochemicals that has gained significant attention recently is dietary polyphenols. These compounds are commonly found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, nuts, drinks, legumes, and grains. Despite their incredible therapeutic properties, one challenge with polyphenols is their poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This means that they are not easily absorbed by the body when consumed in essential diets. Because of structural complexity, polyphenols with high molecular weight cannot be absorbed in the small intestine and after arriving in the colon, they are metabolized by gut microbiota. However, researchers are constantly working on finding solutions to enhance the bioavailability and absorption of these compounds. This study aims to address this issue by applying nanotechnology approaches to overcome the challenges of the therapeutic application of dietary polyphenols. This combination of nanotechnology and phytochemicals could cause a completely new field called nanophytomedicine or herbal nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Sardarabadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zohrab
- Department of Medical Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Javadi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gu W, Kong R, Qi S, Cheng X, Cai X, Zhou Z, Zhang S, Zhao H, Song J, Hu Q, Yu H, Tong H, Wang Y, Lu T. Sono-assembly of ellagic acid into nanostructures significantly enhances aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Food Chem 2024; 442:138485. [PMID: 38278106 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ellagic acid (EA), commonly found in foods, offers significant health benefits in combating chronic diseases. However, its therapeutic potential is hindered by its extremely poor solubility and bioavailability. METHOD In this study, EA nanoparticles (EA NPs) were produced using a sono-assembly method, without additional agents. RESULTS EA NPs exhibited stick-like nanoparticle structures with an average size of 147.3 ± 0.73 nm. EA NPs likely adopt a tunnel-type solvate structure, with 4 water participating in disruption of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in EA and establishment of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between EAs. Importantly, EA NPs exhibited remarkable enhancements in water solubility, with 120.7-fold increase in water, and 97.8-fold increase in pH 6.8 buffer. Moreover, ex vivo intestinal permeability studies demonstrated significant improvements (P < 0.5). These findings were further supported by in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, where EA NPs significantly enhanced the relative bioavailability of EA by 4.69 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Faculty of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ruolin Kong
- Department of Science & Technology Studies, University College London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Shuyang Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuxi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuyi Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziyun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shunan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Jinyun Song
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Qinglian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiwen Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huangjin Tong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Tulin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Inoue T, Maehara S, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Combination of co-amorphization with SNEDDS outperforms Ofev® in the oral absorption of nintedanib. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124197. [PMID: 38703930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Nintedanib (NTD), approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and advanced non-small cell lung cancer, is one of brick dusts with high melting point. Although NTD has been marketed as Ofev®, a soft capsule of NTD ethanesulfonate (NTD-ESA) suspended in oil components, the oral bioavailability is quite low and highly variable. To improve the oral absorption behavior of NTD, we prepared SNEDDS formulation containing NTD-(+)-10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) complex with 2% HPMCP-50. CSA disrupted the high crystallinity of NTD-ESA and the formed complex, NTD-CSA, was found to be amorphous by DSC and XRPD. NTD-CSA provided solubilities in various vehicles much higher than NTD-ESA. Under the gastric luminal condition, NTD-CSA SNEDDS with or without 2% HPMCP-50 and NTD-CSA powder indicated very good dissolution of NTD from early time periods, while NTD was gradually dissolved until around 60 min from NTD-ESA and Ofev®. Under the small intestinal luminal condition, in contrast, both NTD-CSA SNEDDS formulations almost completely dissolved NTD throughout the experiments, while Ofev®, NTD-CSA, and NTD-ESA exhibited a very poor dissolution of NTD. In the in vivo absorption study, NTD-CSA SNEDDS with 2% HPMCP-50 significantly improved NTD absorption and reduced the inter-individual variation in oral absorption behavior compared with Ofev®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Inoue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Formulation Research, Biopharmaceutical Research, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 224-2 Ebisuno, Hiraishi, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0194, Japan
| | - Seito Maehara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Maisto M, Marzocchi A, Ciampaglia R, Piccolo V, Keivani N, Summa V, Tenore GC. Effects of Food-Derived Antioxidant Compounds on In Vitro Heavy Metal Intestinal Bioaccessibility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:610. [PMID: 38790715 PMCID: PMC11118136 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a significant global issue in recent decades. Among natural substances, food-deriving polyphenols have found a valuable application in chelating therapy, partially limited by their low water solubility. Thus, three different hydroalcoholic extracts titrated in quercetin (QE), ellagic acid (EA), and curcumin (CUR) were formulated using maltodextrins as carriers, achieving a powder with a valuable water solubility (MQE 91.3 ± 1.2%, MEA 93.4 ± 2.1, and MCUR 89.3 ± 2%). Overcoming the problem of water solubility, such formulations were tested in an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiment conducted on a water sample with standardized concentrations of the principal HMs. Our results indicate that regarding the nonessential HMs investigated (Pb, Cd, As, Sb, and Hg), MQE has been shown to be the most effective in increasing the HMs' non-bioaccessible concentration, resulting in concentration increases in Cd of 68.3%, in As of 51.9%, in Hg of 58.9%, in Pb of 271.4, and in Sb of 111.2% (vs control, p < 0.001) in non-bioaccessible fractions. Regarding the essential HMs, MEA has shown the greatest capability to increase their intestinal bioaccessibility, resulting in +68.5%, +61.1, and +22.3% (vs control, p < 0.001) increases in Cu, Zn, and Fe, respectively. Finally, considering the strong relation between the antiradical and chelating activities, the radical scavenging potentials of the formulations was assayed in DPPH and ABTS assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maisto
- ChimNutra Labs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Adua Marzocchi
- ChimNutra Labs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Roberto Ciampaglia
- ChimNutra Labs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.P.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Niloufar Keivani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.P.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.P.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- ChimNutra Labs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.C.); (G.C.T.)
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Manzari‐Tavakoli A, Babajani A, Tavakoli MM, Safaeinejad F, Jafari A. Integrating natural compounds and nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems: A novel strategy for enhanced efficacy and selectivity in cancer therapy. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7010. [PMID: 38491817 PMCID: PMC10943377 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, necessitating the development of innovative and more effective treatment strategies. Conventional cancer treatments often suffer from limitations such as systemic toxicity, poor pharmacokinetics, and drug resistance. Recently, there has been growing attention to utilizing natural compounds derived from various sources as possible cancer therapeutics. Natural compounds have demonstrated diverse bioactive properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects, making them attractive candidates for cancer treatment. However, their limited solubility and bioavailability present challenges for effective delivery to cancer cells. To overcome these limitations, researchers have turned to nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles, with their small size and unique properties, can encapsulate therapeutic agents and offer benefits such as improved solubility, prolonged drug release, enhanced cellular uptake, and targeted delivery. Functionalizing nanoparticles with specific ligands further enhances their precision in recognizing and binding to cancer cells. Combining natural compounds with nanotechnology holds great promise in achieving efficient and safe cancer treatments by enhancing bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and selectivity toward cancer cells. This review article provides an overview of the advancements in utilizing natural substances and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. It discusses the benefits and drawbacks of various types of nanoparticles, as well as the characteristics of natural compounds that make them appealing for cancer therapy. Additionally, current research on natural substances and nanoparticles in preclinical and clinical settings is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in developing natural compound-nanoparticle-based cancer therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Manzari Tavakoli
- Department of PhytochemistryMedicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Fahimeh Safaeinejad
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLDShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Azeredo PDS, Fan D, Murphy EA, Carver WE. Potential of Plant-Derived Compounds in Preventing and Reversing Organ Fibrosis and the Underlying Mechanisms. Cells 2024; 13:421. [PMID: 38474385 PMCID: PMC10930795 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased production of extracellular matrix is a necessary response to tissue damage and stress. In a normal healing process, the increase in extracellular matrix is transient. In some instances; however, the increase in extracellular matrix can persist as fibrosis, leading to deleterious alterations in organ structure, biomechanical properties, and function. Indeed, fibrosis is now appreciated to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Extensive research has illustrated that fibrosis can be slowed, arrested or even reversed; however, few drugs have been approved specifically for anti-fibrotic treatment. This is in part due to the complex pathways responsible for fibrogenesis and the undesirable side effects of drugs targeting these pathways. Natural products have been utilized for thousands of years as a major component of traditional medicine and currently account for almost one-third of drugs used clinically worldwide. A variety of plant-derived compounds have been demonstrated to have preventative or even reversal effects on fibrosis. This review will discuss the effects and the underlying mechanisms of some of the major plant-derived compounds that have been identified to impact fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia dos Santos Azeredo
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Cell Therapy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | - Wayne E. Carver
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
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7
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Benedetti G, Flori L, Spezzini J, Miragliotta V, Lazzarini G, Pirone A, Meneguzzo C, Tagliavento L, Martelli A, Antonelli M, Donelli D, Faraloni C, Calderone V, Meneguzzo F, Testai L. Improved Cardiovascular Effects of a Novel Pomegranate Byproduct Extract Obtained through Hydrodynamic Cavitation. Nutrients 2024; 16:506. [PMID: 38398831 PMCID: PMC10893178 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The healthy properties of pomegranate fruit, a highly consumed food, have been known for a long time. However, the pomegranate supply chain is still rather inefficient, with the non-edible fraction, whose weight is roughly half the total and is endowed with plenty of valuable bioactive compounds, either disposed of or underutilized. A novel extract obtained from non-edible byproducts (called PPE), using hydrodynamic cavitation, a green, efficient, and scalable technique, was investigated for its cardiovascular effects in vivo. PPE showed efficacy in an acute phenylephrine (PE)-induced hypertensive rat model, similar to the extract of whole fruit (PFE) obtained using the same extractive technique, along with good intestinal bioaccessibility after oral administration. Finally, when chronically administered for 6 weeks to spontaneously hypertensive rats, PPE was shown to significantly contain the increase in systolic blood pressure, comparable to the reference drug Captopril, and at a dose remarkably lower than the reported effective dose of ellagic acid. The extract from the non-edible fraction of the pomegranate fruit also showed good anti-inflammation and anti-fibrotic effects. The findings of this study, along with the extraction technique, could contribute to enhancing the value of the pomegranate supply chain, relieve the related environmental burden, and potentially improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Benedetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Miragliotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione Scientifica dell’Università di Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lazzarini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.M.); (G.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Cosimo Meneguzzo
- HyRes Srl, Via Salvator Rosa 18, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Tagliavento
- HyRes Srl, Via Salvator Rosa 18, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Antonelli
- Department of Public Health, AUSL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Davide Donelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Faraloni
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Centro per l’Integrazione della Strumentazione Scientifica dell’Università di Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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Shi Y, Pan X, Xu S, Zhu H, Zhao B, Sun Z, Dong R, Li N, Hou X, Yang X. Synthesis of the pH-sensitive nanoparticles based on the acylhydrazone bonds conjugated doxorubicin and studies on their in vivo anti-tumor effects. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115715. [PMID: 37597438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to synthesize DHPD polymers through the conjugation of doxorubicin (DOX) molecules onto poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains via acylhydrazone bonds, and to fabricate pH-responsive DHPD nanoparticles (NPs) for investigation of their biosecurity and in vivo anti-tumor activity. The morphology, size distribution, stability, pH-responsiveness, biosecurity, and in vivo anti-tumor effects of the DHPD NPs were evaluated. Characterization of the DHPD polymers using 1H NMR, FTIR, and Raman spectra confirmed their successful synthesis. The DHPD NPs exhibited a round morphology with an average diameter of 144.4 ± 1.7 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23 ± 0.02. Biosecurity studies indicated that the DHPD NPs were non-toxic to treated mice, and in vitro cell tests demonstrated their ability to be taken up by 4T1 cells. Under the acidic microenvironment of 4T1 cells, the acylhydrazone bonds were cleaved, resulting in increased DOX delivery to tumor cells and improved in vivo anti-tumor effects. Animal experiments confirmed that the DHPD NPs reduced DOX toxicity while enhancing its anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, results from the analysis of γ-interferon (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) indicated that the DHPD NPs improved the anti-4T1 tumor effect of DOX, suggesting their potential application in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Suyue Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Huiqing Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Bingqian Zhao
- Basic Medicine College, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- First Clinical College, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Ruoyi Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Xueyan Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China.
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Allemailem KS. Enhanced activity of Ellagic acid in lipid nanoparticles (EA-liposomes) against Acinetobacter baumannii in immunosuppressed mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103707. [PMID: 37415860 PMCID: PMC10319833 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii infections have come to the surface in huge numbers in the recent decades. Furthermore, A. baumannii has adopted great ability to nullify the majority of currently available antibiotics. With the purpose of finding a nontoxic and efficient therapeutic agent, we analyzed the activity of Ellagic acid (EA) against the multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. EA not only demonstrated its activity against A. baumannii, but also inhibited the biofilm formation. Since EA shows poor solubility in an aqueous environment, a lipid nanoparticle-based (liposomal) formulation of EA (EA-liposomes) was prepared and its effectiveness was assessed to treat bacterial infection in the immunocompromised murine model. Therapy with EA-liposomes imparted greater protection to infected mice by increasing the survival and decreasing the bacterial load in the lungs. A. baumannii infected mice treated with EA-liposomes (100 mg/kg) showed 60% survival rate as compared to 20% of those treated with free EA at the same dose. The bacterial load was found to be 32778 ± 12232 in the lungs of EA-liposomes (100 mg/kg)-treated mice, which was significantly lower to 165667 ± 53048 in the lung tissues of free EA treated mice. Likewise, EA-liposomes also restored the liver function (AST and ALT) and kidney function parameters (BUN and creatinine). The broncho-alveolar fluid (BALF) from infected mice contained greater quantities of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, which were significantly alleviated in EA-liposomes treated mice. These findings together support the possible implication of EA-liposomes to treat A. baumannii infection, especially in immunocompromised mice.
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Cai ZF. Selective determination of ellagic acid in aqueous solution using blue-green emissive copper nanoclusters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122597. [PMID: 36930836 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Development of beneficial sensors to analyze ellagic acid concentrations is of great importance for food safety and human health. Herein, a facile and fast fluorescent probe was carried out for the excellently selective and sensitive measurement of ellagic acid in real samples through histidine protected copper nanoclusters (histidine@Cu NCs) as a nanosensor. This as-developed histidine@Cu NCs were performed through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime analysis. The TEM image revealed that this nanomaterial had spherical features with the average diameter of 2.5 ± 0.05 nm. The blue-green fluorescence of this Cu NCs was found under the UV light. Meanwhile, the maximum excitation and emission wavelength were located at 387 nm and 488 nm. After addition of ellagic acid, the fluorescence of histidine@Cu NCs was slowly weakened with excellent linear range of 0.5-300 μM and detection limit of 0.077 μM. The fluorescence weakening mechanism of this nanosensor were attributed to the inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching. Finally, this as-established analysis platform was successfully employed to measure ellagic acid in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, Hubei Province, P.R. China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, P.R. China.
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11
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Nyamba I, Jennotte O, Sombie CB, Lechanteur A, Sacre PY, Djande A, Semde R, Evrard B. Preformulation study for the selection of a suitable polymer for the development of ellagic acid-based solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion. Int J Pharm 2023:123088. [PMID: 37257795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ellagic acid is one of the most studied polyphenolic compounds due to its numerous promising therapeutic properties. However, this therapeutic potential remains difficult to exploit owing to its low solubility and low permeability, resulting in low oral bioavailability. In order to allow an effective therapeutic application of EA, it is therefore necessary to develop strategies that sufficiently enhance its solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability. For this purpose, solid dispersions based on pre-selected polymers such as Eudragit® EPO, Soluplus® and Kollidon® VA 64, with 5% w/w ellagic acid loading were prepared by hot extrusion and characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution tests in order to select the most suitable polymer for future investigations. The results showed that Eudragit® EPO was the most promising polymer for ellagic acid solid dispersions development because its extrudates allowed to obtain a solution supersaturated in ellagic acid that was stable for at least 90 min. Moreover, the resulting apparent solubility was 20 times higher than the actual solubility of ellagic acid. The extrudates also showed a high dissolution rate of ellagic acid (96.25% in 15 min), compared to the corresponding physical mixture (6.52% in 15 min) or the pure drug (1.56% in 15 min). Furthermore, increasing the loading rate of ellagic acid up to 12% in extrudates based on this polymer did not negatively influence its release profile through dissolution tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaïe Nyamba
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, 4000 Liège (Belgium); Laboratory of Drug Development, Center of training, research and expertise in pharmaceutical sciences (CFOREM), Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03 (Burkina Faso).
| | - Olivier Jennotte
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, 4000 Liège (Belgium)
| | - Charles B Sombie
- Laboratory of Drug Development, Center of training, research and expertise in pharmaceutical sciences (CFOREM), Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03 (Burkina Faso)
| | - Anna Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, 4000 Liège (Belgium)
| | - Pierre-Yves Sacre
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Abdoulaye Djande
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Materials, Research Team: Organic Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03 (Burkina Faso)
| | - Rasmané Semde
- Laboratory of Drug Development, Center of training, research and expertise in pharmaceutical sciences (CFOREM), Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03 (Burkina Faso)
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, 4000 Liège (Belgium)
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12
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Degotte G, Pendeville H, Di Chio C, Ettari R, Pirotte B, Frédérich M, Francotte P. Dimeric polyphenols to pave the way for new antimalarial drugs. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:715-733. [PMID: 37122550 PMCID: PMC10131582 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the threat of resistant Plasmodium sp., new orally active antimalarials are urgently needed. Inspired by the structure of ellagic acid, exhibiting potent in vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial effects, polyphenolic structures possessing a similar activity-safety profile were synthesized. Indeed, most exhibited a marked in vitro effect (IC50 < 4 μM) on resistant P. falciparum, without any detrimental effects reported during the toxicity assays (hemolysis, cytotoxicity, in vivo). In addition, they possessed a greater hydrosolubility (from 7 μM to 2.7 mM) compared to ellagic acid. Among them, 30 is the most promising for antimalarial purposes since it displayed a significant parasitaemia reduction after oral administration in mice (50 mg kg-1) compared to the orally ineffective ellagic acid. In conclusion, our investigations led to the identification of a promising scaffold, which could bring new insights for malaria treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Degotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B36 Tower 4, +5, Avenue Hippocrate 15 4000 Liège Belgium
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B36 Tower 4, +5, Avenue Hippocrate 15 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Hélène Pendeville
- Platform Zebrafish facility & transgenics, GIGA, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B34, +2, Avenue de l'Hôpital 11 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Carla Di Chio
- Dipartimento di Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche e ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Roberta Ettari
- Dipartimento di Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche e ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B36 Tower 4, +5, Avenue Hippocrate 15 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Michel Frédérich
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B36 Tower 4, +5, Avenue Hippocrate 15 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège Quartier Hôpital - B36 Tower 4, +5, Avenue Hippocrate 15 4000 Liège Belgium
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13
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Villegas C, Martínez S, Torres A, Rojas A, Araya R, Guarda A, Galotto MJ. Processing, Characterization and Disintegration Properties of Biopolymers Based on Mater-Bi ® and Ellagic Acid/Chitosan Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061548. [PMID: 36987328 PMCID: PMC10053201 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the most promising synthetic biopolymers to replace conventional plastics in numerous applications is MaterBi® (MB), a commercial biodegradable polymer based on modified starch and synthetic polymers. Actually, MB has important commercial applications as it shows interesting mechanical properties, thermal stability, processability and biodegradability. On the other hand, research has also focused on the incorporation of natural, efficient and low-cost active compounds into various materials with the aim of incorporating antimicrobial and/or antioxidant capacities into matrix polymers to extend the shelf life of foods. Among these is ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenolic compound abundant in some fruits, nuts and seeds, but also in agroforestry and industrial residues, which seems to be a promising biomolecule with interesting biological activities, including antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and UV-barrier properties. The objective of this research is to develop a film based on commercial biopolymer Mater-Bi® (MB) EF51L, incorporating active coating from chitosan with a natural active compound (EA) at two concentrations (2.5 and 5 wt.%). The formulations obtained complete characterization and were carried out in order to evaluate whether the incorporation of the coating significantly affects thermal, mechanical, structural, water-vapor barrier and disintegration properties. From the results, FTIR analysis yielded identification, through characteristic peaks, that the type of MB used is constituted by three polymers, namely PLA, TPS and PBAT. With respect to the mechanical properties, the values of tensile modulus and tensile strength of the MB-CHI film were between 15 and 23% lower than the values obtained for the MB film. The addition of 2.5 wt.% EA to the CHI layer did not generate changes in the mechanical properties of the system, whereas a 5 wt.% increase in ellagic acid improved the mechanical properties of the CHI film through the addition of natural phenolic compounds at high concentrations. Finally, the disintegration process was mainly affected by the PBAT biopolymer, causing the material to not disintegrate within the times indicated by ISO 20200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Villegas
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Sara Martínez
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Alejandra Torres
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Adrián Rojas
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Rocío Araya
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - Abel Guarda
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
| | - María José Galotto
- Center for Packaging Innovation (LABEN), Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Technology Faculty, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170201, Chile
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14
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Alam MS, Sharma M, Kumar R, Das J, Rode S, Kumar P, Prasad R, Sharma AK. In silico identification of potential phytochemical inhibitors targeting farnesyl diphosphate synthase of cotton bollworm ( Helicoverpa armigera). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1978-1987. [PMID: 35037838 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2025904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera (Ha), a polyphagous pest, causes significant damage to several crop plants, including cotton. The control of this cosmopolitan pest is largely challenging due to the development of resistance to existing management practices. The Juvenile Hormone (JH) plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of insects by regulating their morphogenetic and gonadotropic development. Hence, enzymes involved in JH biosynthesis are an attractive target for the development of selective insecticides. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), a member protein of (E)-prenyl-transferases, is one of the most crucial enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of JHs. It catalyzes the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), forming farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor of JH. The study was designed to identify an effective small inhibitory molecule that could inhibit the activity of Helicoverpa armigera - FPPS (HaFPPS) for an effective pest control intervention. Therefore, a 3D model of FPPS protein was generated using homology modeling. The FooDB database library of small molecules was selected for virtual screening, following which binding affinities were evaluated using docking studies. Three top-scored molecules were analyzed for various pharmacophore properties. Further, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis showed that the identified molecules (mitraphylline-ZINC1607834, chlorogenic acid-ZINC2138728 and llagate-ZINC3872446) had a reasonably acceptable binding affinity for HaFPPS and resulted in the formation of a stable HaFPPS-inhibitor(s) complex. The identified phytochemical molecules may be used as potent inhibitors of HaFPPS thus, paving the way for further developing environment-friendly insect growth regulator(s). Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahid Alam
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Joy Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Surabhi Rode
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Pravindra Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Ramasare Prasad
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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15
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Ahmad W, Tayara H, Chong KT. Attention-Based Graph Neural Network for Molecular Solubility Prediction. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3236-3244. [PMID: 36713733 PMCID: PMC9878542 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery (DD) research is aimed at the discovery of new medications. Solubility is an important physicochemical property in drug development. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are essential substances for high drug efficacy. During DD research, aqueous solubility (AS) is a key physicochemical attribute required for API characterization. High-precision in silico solubility prediction reduces the experimental cost and time of drug development. Several artificial tools have been employed for solubility prediction using machine learning and deep learning techniques. This study aims to create different deep learning models that can predict the solubility of a wide range of molecules using the largest currently available solubility data set. Simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) strings were used as molecular representation, models developed using simple graph convolution, graph isomorphism network, graph attention network, and AttentiveFP network. Based on the performance of the models, the AttentiveFP-based network model was finally selected. The model was trained and tested on 9943 compounds. The model outperformed on 62 anticancer compounds with metric Pearson correlation R 2 and root-mean-square error values of 0.52 and 0.61, respectively. AS can be improved by graph algorithm improvement or more molecular properties addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Department
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju54896, South Korea
| | - Hilal Tayara
- School
of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju54896, South Korea
| | - Kil To Chong
- Department
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju54896, South Korea
- Advanced
Electronics and Information Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju54896, South Korea
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16
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Neelam UK, Daveedu B, Ambabhai VN, Siripragada MR, kumar SR, Balasubramanian S. Physicochemical aspects and comparative analysis of Voxelotor and its salt and cocrystal. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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17
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Wang W, Liu T, Zhang Y. An integrated targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology approach to exploring the mechanism of ellagic acid against sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment and anxiety. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231169846. [PMID: 37101588 PMCID: PMC10123898 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231169846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a neuroprotective agent, ellagic acid (EA) is extremely beneficial. Our previous study found that EA can alleviate sleep deprivation (SD)-induced abnormal behaviors, although the mechanisms underlying this protective effect have not yet been fully elucidated. Objective An integrated network pharmacology and targeted metabolomics approach was utilized in this study to investigate the mechanism of EA against SD-induced memory impairment and anxiety. Methods Behavioral tests were conducted on mice after 72 h of SD. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and nissl staining were then carried out. Integration of network pharmacology and targeted metabolomics was performed. Eventually, the putative targets were further verified using molecular docking analyses and immunoblotting assays. Results The present study findings confirmed that EA ameliorated the behavioral abnormalities induced by SD and prevented histopathological and morphological damage to hippocampal neurons. Through multivariate analysis, clear clustering was obtained among different groups, and potential biomarkers were identified. Four key targets, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1), glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2), and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), as well as the related potential metabolites and metabolic pathways, were determined by further integrated analysis. Meanwhile, in-silico studies revealed that EA is well located inside the binding site of CYP1B1 and COMT. The experimental results further demonstrated that EA significantly reduced the increased expression of CYP1B1 and COMT caused by SD. Conclusion The findings of this study extended our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which EA treats SD-induced memory impairment and anxiety, and suggested a novel approach to address the increased health risks associated with sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Yi Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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18
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Bhatia T, Gupta GD, Kurmi BD, Singh D. Role of solid lipid nanoparticle for the delivery of Lipophilic Drugs and Herbal Medicines in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:PNT-EPUB-126042. [PMID: 36045536 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220831113857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an uncommon condition marked by elevated pulmonary artery pressure that leads to right ventricular failure. The majority of drugs are now been approved by FDA for PAH, however, several biopharmaceutical hindrances lead to failure of the therapy. Various novel drug delivery systems are available in the literature from which lipid-based nanoparticles i.e. solid lipid nanoparticle is widely investigated for improving the solubility and bioavailability of drugs. In this paper, the prototype phytoconstituents used in pulmonary arterial hypertension have limited solubility and bioavailability. We highlighted the novel concepts of SLN for lipophilic phytoconstituents with their potential applications. This paper also reviews the present state of the art regarding production techniques for SLN like High-Pressure Homogenization, Micro-emulsion Technique, and Phase Inversion Temperature Method, etc. Furthermore, toxicity aspects and in vivo fate of SLN are also highlighted in this review. In a nutshell, safer delivery of phytoconstituents by SLN added a novel feather to the cap of successful drug delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab (142001), India
| | - G D Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab (142001), India
| | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab (142001), India
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab (142001), India
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Chestnut Wood Mud as a Source of Ellagic Acid for Dermo-Cosmetic Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091681. [PMID: 36139755 PMCID: PMC9495433 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) has long been recognized as a very active antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agent. However, its low bioavailability has often hampered its applications in health-related fields. Here, we report a phospholipid vesicle-based controlled release system for EA, involving the exploitation of chestnut wood mud (CWM), an industrial by-product from chestnut tannin production, as a largely available and low-cost source of this compound. Two kinds of CWM with different particle size distributions, indicated as CWM-A and CWM-B (<100 and 32 µm, respectively), containing 5 ± 1% w/w EA, were incorporated into transfersomes. The latter were small in size (~100 nm), homogeneously dispersed, and negatively charged. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays indicated up to three-fold improvement in the antioxidant properties of CWM upon incorporation into transfersomes. The kinetics of EA released under simulated physiological conditions were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. The best results were obtained with CWM-B (100% of EA gradually released after 37 days at pH 7.4). A stepwise increase in the antioxidant properties of the released material was also observed. Cell-based experiments confirmed the efficacy of CWM-B transfersomes as antioxidant agents in contrasting photodamage.
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20
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K PD, D RD, S B, B Narayanan VH. In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies of Dolutegravir loaded spray dried Chitosan nanoparticles as milk admixture for paediatrics infected with HIV. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13907. [PMID: 35974065 PMCID: PMC9381509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dolutegravir (DTG) is an antiretroviral drug approved in the year 2013, and being categorized as a BCS-II molecule, it possesses solubility issues. In order to enhance the solubility and improve its bioavailability, DTG-loaded Chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized utilizing spray drying technology. The developed nanoformulation was characterized for its physicochemical properties and investigated for the feasibility of its administration through an oral route along with milk/food as an admixture for paediatric antiretroviral therapy. The in vivo oral bioavailability studies were conducted in Balb-C mice, where the animals were treated with the selected formulation of DTG-loaded Chitosan NPs and compared to pure DTG. The NPs exhibited 2.5-fold increase in the Cmax (77.54 ± 7.93 μg/mL) when compared to the pure DTG (30.15 ± 8.06 μg/mL). This phenomenon was further reflected by the improved bioavailability of DTG (AUC: 678.3 ± 10.07 μg/h/mL) in the NPs administered to mice when compared to the AUC of animals administered with pure DTG (405.29 ± 7 μg/h/mL). Altogether, the research findings showed that Chitosan-based NPs were ideal carriers for oral administration of DTG along with milk and exhibited great potential to enhance the bioavailability of the drug and treatment adherence for paediatric HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Dharshini K
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, ASK-II, Lab No: 214, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Ramya Devi D
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, ASK-II, Lab No: 214, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Banudevi S
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Vedha Hari B Narayanan
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, ASK-II, Lab No: 214, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
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21
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Wang W, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang X, Nie J, Meng X, Zhang Y. Ellagic Acid: A Dietary-Derived Phenolic Compound for Drug Discovery in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:925855. [PMID: 35860668 PMCID: PMC9289475 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.925855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, is detected in free form or linked to polyols or sugars, constituting hydrolyzable tannins or ellagitannins in distinct fruits, nuts, and herbs. Today, a considerable number of botanicals and enriched foods containing EA are commercially available as nutraceuticals and used to prevent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to the excellent neuroprotective capacity of EA. Here, this study aims to provide an overview of the physicochemical properties, source, and pharmacokinetics of EA and to emphasize the importance and mechanisms of EA in the prevention and management of MCI. To date, preclinical studies of EA and its derivatives in various cell lines and animal models have advanced the idea of dietary EA as a feasible agent capable of specifically targeting and improving MCI. The molecular mechanisms of EA and its derivatives to prevent or reduce MCI are mainly through reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, synaptic dysfunction and loss, and defective mitochondrial functions. Nevertheless, well-designed and correctly large randomized controlled trials in the human population need to be performed to reinforce the scientific facticity of the beneficial effects of EA against MCI. Synchronously, the mechanism of EA against MCI is least provided cynosure and expects more attention from the emerging research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Wang,
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Yi Zhang,
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Umar S, Usman H, Salsabila H, Zaini E. Solid Dispersion of Tenoxicam – HPMC by Freeze-Drying: Solid State Properties, Dissolution Study, and Analgesic Activity in Mice. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to prepare solid dispersion of tenoxicam with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) to improve solubility, dissolution rate, and in vivo analgesic activity.
METHODS: Solid dispersion of tenoxicam with HPMC was prepared using the freeze-drying technique in three ratios of drug to carrier (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 w/w). The s olid-state properties of solid dispersion powders were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Solubility and dissolution rate studies were conducted in an aqueous medium. Analgesic activity was evaluated using the writhing method.
RESULTS: Analysis of PXRD and DSC results indicated a decreased degree of crystallinity of tenoxicam in solid dispersion powders. Solid dispersion of tenoxicam exhibited a significant improvement in solubility and dissolution rate compared to intact tenoxicam, in line to the increment on the ratio of HPMC. Analgesic activity study revealed that solid dispersion 1:2 was more effective than intact tenoxicam.
CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that the solid dispersion technique is a promising strategy to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of tenoxicam.
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Preparation, Characterization, Solubility, and Antioxidant Capacity of Ellagic Acid-Urea Complex. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082836. [PMID: 35454528 PMCID: PMC9032788 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol found in berries, has high antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to improve EA solubility by complex formation with urea (UR) using solvent evaporation method and evaluate its solubility, antioxidant capacity, and physical properties. The solubility test (25 °C, 72 h) showed that the solubility of EVP (EA/UR = 1/1) was approximately two-fold higher than that of EA (7.13 µg/mL versus 3.99 µg/mL). Moreover, the IC50 values of EA and EVP (EA/UR = 1/1) (1.50 µg/mL and 1.30 µg/mL, respectively) showed higher antioxidant capacity of EVP than that of EA. DSC analysis revealed that the UR peak at 134 °C disappeared, and a new endothermic peak was observed at approximately 250 °C for EVP (EA/UR = 1/1). PXRD measurements showed that the characteristic peaks of EA at 2θ = 12.0° and 28.0° and of UR at 2θ = 22.0°, 24.3°, and 29.1° disappeared and that new peaks were identified at 2θ = 10.6°, 18.7°, and 26.8° for EVP (EA/UR = 1/1). According to 2D NOESY NMR spectroscopy, cross-peaks were observed between the -NH and -OH groups, suggesting intermolecular interactions between EA and UR. Therefore, complexation was confirmed in EA/UR = 1/1 prepared by solvent evaporation, suggesting that it contributed to the improvement in solubility and antioxidant capacity of EA.
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Santos IL, Miranda LCF, da Cruz Rodrigues AM, da Silva LHM, Amante ER. Camu-camu [Myrciaria dubia (HBK) McVaugh]: A review of properties and proposals of products for integral valorization of raw material. Food Chem 2022; 372:131290. [PMID: 34818735 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to evaluate the production and processing chain of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), giving suggestions to maximize the valorization of raw materials, demonstrating new product possibilities from processing to distribution and highlighting the suggested contributions. It is clear that despite the camu-camu pulp has important properties, a large part of its raw material, considered waste (around 50%) and formed by important bioactive compounds, can give rise to new products, such as bioactive extracts to be used by pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries, ingredients for bakery products, dairy and several others sectors, which constitutes opportunities, in addition to contributing to the reduction of agro-industrial waste and the preservation of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Lima Santos
- Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Laiane Cristina Freire Miranda
- Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Antonio Manoel da Cruz Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luiza Helena Meller da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Edna Regina Amante
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Food Science and Technology Department, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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25
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Zhang N, Li J, Jiang H. Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Seeds as a Dietary Source of Ellagic Acid. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221080342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a natural food component, has been identified as a functional food because of its role in disease prevention. In our previous study on the chemical component of the seeds of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., ellagitannins (ETs) were firstly isolated and identified; these compounds can yield EA by acidic hydrolysis. Therefore, to evaluate the seeds as a potential source of EA, the free and total EA contents of the seeds, sarcocarps, and barks were evaluated separately. The highest total EA content was found in seeds (14.51-21.58 mg/g), followed by the sarcocarp (1.97-4.51 mg/g) and bark (trace amounts). EA mainly existed as ET in both the seeds and sarcocarps, while a small portion existed in free form. The findings of this study prove that the seeds of C. officinalis are a rich source of EA. This study reports a unique EA profile of C. officinalis for the first time, which may assist in the selection of EA sources for use in research and for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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26
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Sun M. Phytochemicals Mediate Autophagy Against Osteoarthritis by Maintaining Cartilage Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795058. [PMID: 34987406 PMCID: PMC8722717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease and is a leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. There are currently no clinical treatments that can stop or slow down OA. Drugs have pain-relieving effects, but they do not slow down the course of OA and their long-term use can lead to serious side effects. Therefore, safe and clinically appropriate long-term treatments for OA are urgently needed. Autophagy is an intracellular protective mechanism, and targeting autophagy-related pathways has been found to prevent and treat various diseases. Attenuation of the autophagic pathway has now been found to disrupt cartilage homeostasis and plays an important role in the development of OA. Therefore, modulation of autophagic signaling pathways mediating cartilage homeostasis has been considered as a potential therapeutic option for OA. Phytochemicals are active ingredients from plants that have recently been found to reduce inflammatory factor levels in cartilage as well as attenuate chondrocyte apoptosis by modulating autophagy-related signaling pathways, which are not only widely available but also have the potential to alleviate the symptoms of OA. We reviewed preclinical studies and clinical studies of phytochemicals mediating autophagy to regulate cartilage homeostasis for the treatment of OA. The results suggest that phytochemicals derived from plant extracts can target relevant autophagic pathways as complementary and alternative agents for the treatment of OA if subjected to rigorous clinical trials and pharmacological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Venusova E, Kolesarova A, Horky P, Slama P. Physiological and Immune Functions of Punicalagin. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072150. [PMID: 34201484 PMCID: PMC8308219 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this publication is to compile a summary of the findings regarding punicalagin in various tissues described thus far in the literature, with an emphasis on the effect of this substance on immune reactions. Punicalagin (PUN) is an ellagitannin found in the peel of pomegranate (Punica granatum). It is a polyphenol with proven antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic and chemopreventive activities, antiproliferative activity against tumor cells; it inhibits inflammatory pathways and the action of toxic substances, and is highly tolerated. This work describes the source, metabolism, functions and effects of punicalagin, its derivatives and metabolites. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Venusova
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Adriana Kolesarova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-545133146
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28
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An Overview on Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115514. [PMID: 34073709 PMCID: PMC8197262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural organic compounds produced by plants, acting as antioxidants by reacting with ROS. These compounds are widely consumed in daily diet and many studies report several benefits to human health thanks to their bioavailability in humans. However, the digestion process of phenolic compounds is still not completely clear. Moreover, bioavailability is dependent on the metabolic phase of these compounds. The LogP value can be managed as a simplified measure of the lipophilicity of a substance ingested within the human body, which affects resultant absorption. The biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), a method used to classify drugs intended for gastrointestinal absorption, correlates the solubility and permeability of the drug with both the rate and extent of oral absorption. BCS may be helpful to measure the bioactive constituents of foods, such as polyphenols, in order to understand their nutraceutical potential. There are many literature studies that focus on permeability, absorption, and bioavailability of polyphenols and their resultant metabolic byproducts, but there is still confusion about their respective LogP values and BCS classification. This review will provide an overview of the information regarding 10 dietarypolyphenols (ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, apigenin, cirsimaritin, daidzein, resveratrol, ellagic acid, and curcumin) and their association with the BCS classification.
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Pectin-Based Formulations for Controlled Release of an Ellagic Acid Salt with High Solubility Profile in Physiological Media. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020433. [PMID: 33467593 PMCID: PMC7829853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Among bioactive phytochemicals, ellagic acid (EA) is one of the most controversial because its high antioxidant and cancer-preventing effects are strongly inhibited by low gastrointestinal absorption and rapid excretion. Strategies toward an increase of solubility in water and bioavailability, while preserving its structural integrity and warranting its controlled release at the physiological targets, are therefore largely pursued. In this work, EA lysine salt at 1:4 molar ratio (EALYS), exhibiting a more than 400 times increase of water solubility with respect to literature reports, was incorporated at 10% in low methoxylated (LM) and high methoxylated (HM) pectin films. The release of EA in PBS at pH 7.4 from both film preparations was comparable and reached 15% of the loaded compound over 2 h. Under simulated gastric conditions, release of EA from HM and LM pectin films was minimal at gastric pH, whereas higher concentrations—up to 300 μM, corresponding to ca. 50% of the overall content—were obtained in the case of the HM pectin film after 2 h incubation at the slightly alkaline pH of small intestine environment, with the enzyme and bile salt components enhancing the release. EALYS pectin films showed a good prebiotic activity as evaluated by determination of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels following microbial fermentation, with a low but significant increase of the effects produced by the pectins themselves. Overall, these results highlight pectin films loaded with EALYS salt as a promising formulation to improve administration and controlled release of the compound.
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